专题04 完形填空（一） 冲刺2022年中考英语重难题型好题集锦（上海专用）

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专题04 完形填空（一）

（一）（2022·上海徐汇·二模）
London’s burning
The Great Fire of London started at around 1:00 a.m. on 2nd September, 1666. The fire started in the home of a baker named Thomas Farynor (Farriner), located on London’s Pudding Lane.
Thomas wasn’t an ____13____ baker. Actually, he was King Charles II’s baker.
The fire brought complete damage to the city of London. In 17th century London, not only were buildings made from wood and straw, but they stood very close together, making it easy for fire to ____14____. Warehouses (仓库) around Pudding Lane contained materials such as oil and rope which soon caught fire! Within just a few hours, London Bridge by the River Thames was burning. For the next four days, almost the whole city was on fire.
Instead of fighting the fire, people’s first reaction was to get away as quickly as possible. In a state of great ____15____, they collected all the belongings they could carry and ran.
Back then, there was no fire station in London. Local soldiers as well as local people did the best they could with the limited equipment they had.
It wasn’t until Tuesday, 4th September that the fire was brought under control. And by Thursday the fire was finally put out. Most of what we know about the Great Fire of London came from the ____16____ of two men called Samuel Pepys and John Evelyn, who both left detailed descriptions of this famous tragedy (悲剧). A third of the city had been destroyed! About 13,200 houses and 87 churches were burned to the ground. ____17____, only six official deaths were recorded, but the actual figure is likely to be much higher. With 70,000 people left homeless, theft and other crimes swept what was left of the city, as well as sickness and disease.
There is no doubt that the Great Fire was an awful tragedy–but it did lead to some nice changes to London. The city was rebuilt in a safer and more organized way, ____18____ such a disaster would not happen again. Streets were made wider, and buildings were made from brick or stone (rather than wood), with better access to water. What’s more, London’s first fire brigades were formed!
13．A．honest B．average C．eager D．important
14．A．arrive B．keep C．spread D．pass
15．A．fun B．fear C．interest D．pain
16．A．diaries B．proverbs C．stories D．tricks
17．A．Unluckily B．Certainly C．Immediately D．Surprisingly
18．A．because B．so that C．although D．if
【答案】13．B
14．C
15．B
16．A
17．D
18．B
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了1666年9月2日伦敦的那场大火。因为它，今天的伦敦也变得更加的美好。
13．
句意：Thomas不是一个普通的面包师。
honest诚实的；average普通的；eager热切的；important重要的。根据“Actually, he was King Charles II’s baker.”可知，他是查理二世的面包师，可见他不是一个普通的面包师。故选B。
14．
句意：在17世纪的伦敦，建筑物不仅是用木头和稻草建造的，而且它们靠得很近，很容易让火蔓延。
arrive到达；keep保持；spread蔓延；pass通过。根据“but they stood very close together, making it easy for fire to…”可知，建筑物之间挨得比较近，这样造成的结果就是火势容易蔓延。故选C。
15．
句意：在极度恐惧的状态下，他们收集了所有能带的东西，然后跑了。
fun有趣的；fear害怕；interest兴趣；pain痛苦。根据“Instead of fighting the fire, people’s first reaction was to get away as quickly as possible.”可知，人们的第一反应不是救火，而是尽可能快地逃离，可见人们的情绪是害怕的。故选B。
16．
句意：我们了解的伦敦大火的大多数内容来自两个叫Samuel Pepys和John Evelyn的人的日记，他们留下了这个著名悲剧的详细描述。
diaries日记；proverbs谚语；stories故事；tricks骗局。根据“Most of what we know about the Great Fire of London came from the…of two men called Samuel Pepys and John Evelyn, who both left detailed descriptions of this famous tragedy”以及结合选项可知，此句表达的是我们了解的伦敦大火的内容来自两个人的日记。故选A。
17．
句意：令人惊讶的是，官方只记录了6起死亡事件，但实际数字可能要高得多。
Unluckily不幸地；Certainly当然；Immediately迅速地；Surprisingly令人吃惊地。根据“only six official deaths were recorded, but the actual figure is likely to be much higher.”可知，死亡人数众多，而留下记录的却只有6人，差距之大，应是令人吃惊的事情。故选D。
18．
句意：城市以一种更安全、更有组织的方式重建，因此这样的灾难不会再次发生。
because因为；so that因此；although尽管；if如果。根据“The city was rebuilt in a safer and more organized way, …such a disaster would not happen again.”可知，城市以一种更安全、更有组织的方式重建，这样的灾难不会再次发生，两句是因果关系，需用so that来引导结果状语从句。故选B。


（二）（2022·上海奉贤·一模）
WHO DID SANDY’S HOMEWORK?
Sandy never did homework. “Too boring,” he said. He played baseball and basketball ____19____. His teachers told him, “Sandy! Do your homework or you won’t learn a thing.” And it’s true, sometimes he did feel like a ding-a-ling(怪人).
But what could he do? He hated homework.
Then on St. Patrick’s Day, his cat was playing with a little doll and he took hold of it away. It wasn’t a doll at all, but a man of the tiniest ____20____. He had a little wool shirt in old fashion and a high tall hat much like a witch’s. He shouted, “Save me! Don’t give me back to that cat. I’ll grant you a wish, I promise you that.”
Sandy couldn’t believe how ____21____ he was! Here were the answers to all of his problems. So he said, “Only if you do all my homework till the end of the term, that’s 35 days. If you do a good enough job, I could even get As.” The little man agreed, “I’ll do it.”
And true to his word, that little elf began to do Sandy’s homework, except that there was one little ____22____. The elf didn’t always know what to do and he needed help. “Help me! Help me!” he said. And Sandy would have to help — in whatever way.
“I don’t know this word,” the elf said while reading Sandy’s homework. “Get me a dictionary. No, what’s even better, look up the word and sound it out by each letter.”
When it came to math, Sandy was out of luck. “What are times tables?” the elf asked. “We elves never need that. What is addition, subtraction, division or fractions? Here, sit down beside me, you simply must ____23____ me.”
As a matter of fact, every day Sandy was working harder than ever! Finally the last day of school arrived and the elf was free to go and Sandy got his As. His classmates were amazed; his teachers smiled and were ____24____ praise. And his parents? They wondered what had happened to Sandy. He was now the model kid who had developed a whole new attitude.
19．A．indeed B．instead C．yet D．as well
20．A．size B．shape C．weight D．height
21．A．successful B．useful C．lucky D．careful
22．A．mistake B．surprise C．trouble D．job
23．A．follow B．thank C．trust D．guide
24．A．full of B．fond of C．proud of D．harder
【答案】19．B
20．A
21．C
22．C
23．D
24．A
【解析】
【分析】
文章讲述了Sandy以前讨厌做作业，后来在小精灵的陪伴下学习态度改变的故事。
19．
句意：他而是打棒球和篮球。
indeed确实；instead代替，反而；yet然而； as well也；根据“Sandy never did homework. “Too boring,” he said. He played baseball and basketball”可知，此处指的是“打棒球和篮球代替写作业”，故选B。
20．
句意：那根本不是一个洋娃娃，而是一个身材最小的男人。
size大小，尺寸；shape形状；weight体重；height高度；根据“but a man of the tiniest”可知，此处描述的是这个人的大小，故选A。
21．
句意：Sandy简直不敢相信他有多幸运！
successful成功的；useful有用的；lucky幸运的；careful认真的；根据“I’ll grant you a wish, I promise you that.”可知，遇到这个小精灵帮助他写作业是幸运的，故选C。
22．
句意：那个小精灵开始做Sandy的家庭作业，只不过有一点小麻烦。
mistake错误；surprise惊讶；trouble麻烦；job工作；根据“The elf didn’t always know what to do and he needed help.”以及“I don’t know this word”可知，写作业时遇到了麻烦，故选C。
23．
句意：来，坐在我旁边，你只要指引我就行了。
follow跟随；thank感谢；trust信任；guide指引；根据“What is addition, subtraction, division or fractions?”可知，此处指的是坐在小精灵身边，指引他，故选D。
24．
句意：他的同学们都很惊讶；老师们都笑了，对他赞不绝口。
full of充满；fond of喜爱；proud of对……骄傲；harder更努力的；根据“Sandy got his As. His classmates were amazed; his teachers smiled”可知，Sandy得了A，老师对他赞不绝口，故选A。

（三）（2022·上海徐汇·一模）
Jill: I was reading a science magazine called Nature yesterday. It had some interesting articles about life 100 years from now. They talked of many kinds of development in ____25____ which would allow people to live to be 110 years old.
Martha: Oh, I wouldn’t like that at all. I am quite satisfied with living for 70 or 80 years. I don’t want to live any longer than that. I would hate to get so old that I could not ____26____ myself. As long as I keep fit and healthy, I am happy, but I don’t want to become old and useless to society.
Jill: Well, the magazine also talked about other things that would happen in the future. For example, the majority of people will not travel to work but work from ____27____. Most industries will be operated by robots and controlled by computers. Many people will spend less time at work, but they will spend time doing other things such as looking after their parents.
Martha: That sounds ____28____ as well. I enjoy working and I want to continue to work throughout my life. I suppose this magazine also talked about technology in the home.
Jill: Yes, it did. The ____29____ of everyone having a home computer which would do everything for you was discussed. For example, it would prepare your food, play music and videos on request and make videophone calls for you. I would love that! It seems fairly certain that some people could have these computers in just a few years’ time.
Martha: The poor people, ____30____, will not have enough food to eat and there will not be enough medical care to keep them healthy. All this talk of the wonderful future that new drugs and new technology will bring is only for rich people in the rich countries. I hope 100 years from now we will have no poverty (贫穷). That is the biggest challenge facing us in the 21st century.
Jill: I suppose you are right, Martha. But I would like to see the 22nd century as well.
25．A．education B．environment C．medicine D．relationship
26．A．look after B．wake up C．grow up D．laugh at
27．A．space B．hospitals C．offices D．home
28．A．common B．serious C．awful D．amusing
29．A．tradition B．possibility C．knowledge D．survey
30．A．however B．such as C．besides D．above all
【答案】25．C
26．A
27．D
28．C
29．B
30．A
【解析】
【分析】
对话中Jill正在看关于100年后的生活的文章，由此引出了Jill和Martha对未来的一些讨论。
25．
句意：它们谈到了医学上的各种发展，这些发展可以让人们活到110岁。
education教育；environment环境；medicine医学；relationship关系。根据“which would allow people to live to be 110 years old”可知人们能活到110岁是因为医学的发展。故选C。
26．
句意：我不愿老到不能照顾自己的地步。
look after照顾；wake up醒来；grow up长大；laugh at嘲笑。根据“so old that I could not ... myself”可知是太老了不能照顾自己。故选A。
27．
句意：例如，大多数人不会去上班，而是在家里工作。
space空间；hospitals医院；offices办公室；home家。根据“not travel to work”可知不用出去上班，应是在家里工作。故选D。
28．
句意：这听起来也很糟糕。
common普遍的；serious严重的；awful糟糕的；amusing有趣的。根据“I enjoy working and I want to continue to work throughout my life.”结合上文讲一百年后在家工作，可推出Martha认为这听起来很糟糕。故选C。
29．
句意：讨论了每个人都有一台可以为你做任何事的家用电脑的可能性。
tradition传统；possibility可能性；knowledge知识；survey调查。根据“everyone having a home computer which would do everything for you”可知有一台可以为你作任何事的家用电脑，这只是一种可能会发生的事情。故选B。
30．
句意：然而，穷人将没有足够的食物吃，也没有足够的医疗保健来保持他们的健康。
however然而；such as例如；besides除此之外；above all毕竟。上文是讲对美好未来的美好憧憬的，此处提到穷人依旧没有足够的食物吃，句意出现转折，用however。故选A。

（四）（2022·上海崇明·一模）
At the scene of a crime
It’s 5:30 a.m, and your phone rings. A police officer says someone broke into a store and took some expensive items. They need you right away because sometimes witnesses may be __31__ while the clues(线索) at the scene will always tell the truth. It is your job to study the whole scene for clues that will help catch the thief. You are a crime scene investigator(调查员), and the game is on.
Outside the store, you see a broken window, but there is no glass on the street. There are shoeprints, and marks made by a vehicles’ tires(车辆轮胎). You look at the shoeprints. They’re large, so you’re likely to __32__ a man. You photograph the shoe’s pattern. This can tell you the type of shoe. You then measure the space between the shoeprints. You now know how long the person’s steps were. This gives you an idea of the __33__ of the thief.
As you follow the shoeprints over to the tire marks, the spaces between the steps get bigger. They lead to the passenger’s side of the vehicle. Now you know the thief probably didn’t work __34__. You photograph the tire marks. They can help you find out the type of vehicle and the direction it went. The most important clues will come from a person’s __35__. You find some fingerprints near the broken window. Using a computer, you can match them with millions of others. You also find a hair at the scene. You keep it, because you know hair contains a person’s DNA．You can __36__ this with other people’s DNA．If you find a match for the fingerprint or the DNA, you will know who was in the store.
Will you find the thief? You now have a lot of information, so it’s possible. For a crime scene investigator, it’s all in a day’s work.
31．A．dishonest B．polite C．excited D．nervous
32．A．depend on B．keep off C．wait for D．look for
33．A．address B．height C．clothes D．education
34．A．hard B．gently C．alone D．rarely
35．A．sense B．response C．impression D．body
36．A．compare B．compete C．support D．share
【答案】31．D
32．D
33．B
34．C
35．D
36．A
【解析】
【分析】
文章讲述了犯罪现场调查员一天的工作。
31．
句意：他们需要你，因为有时目击者可能会紧张，而现场的线索总是会说出真相。
dishonest不诚实的；polite礼貌的；excited兴奋的；nervous紧张的。主语为witnesses“目击者”，根据题目可知是“At the scene of a crime”即犯罪现场的目击者，由常识推出情绪是紧张的。故选D。
32．
句意：你在找鞋印。
depend on依赖，依靠；取决于；keep off远离；wait for等待；look for寻找。根据后文“They’re large, so you’re likely to look for a man.”可知找到鞋印就可以锁定人物身份。故选D。
33．
句意：这让你知道小偷的身高。
address地址；height高度；clothes衣服；education教育。根据前一句“You now know how long the person’s steps were.”可知从脚步的长度可以推出身高。故选B。
34．
句意：现在你知道小偷可能不是一个人干的。
hard困难地；gently温柔地；alone独自；rarely很少地。根据“the spaces between the steps get bigger. They lead to the passenger’s side of the vehicle. ”可知台阶之间的距离会变大，通向车辆的乘客一侧。由此推知可能不是一个人。故选C。
35．
句意：最重要的线索来自一个人的身体。
sense感觉；response反应；impression印象；body身体。根据下文“You find some fingerprints near the broken window...You also find a hair at the scene.”可知头发和指纹都是身体的一部分。故选D。
36．
句意：你可以将其与其他人的DNA进行比较。
compare比较；compete竞争；support支持；share分享。根据“If you find a match for the fingerprint or the DNA, you will know who was in the store.”可知如果你找到指纹或DNA的匹配项，你就会知道谁在店里。compare A with B“比较A和B”。故选A。
（五）（2022·上海金山·一模）
Learning how to read English books is about more than just reading the words!
There are a few things you can do before, during and after reading to help you ____37____understand the text.
Before you read, browse(浏览) the text. That means you should look over the text quickly without ____38____ reading every word.
Take some time after you read to browse again and summarize(概括) what you remember. Try to quickly say or write a few sentences that ____39____ what the text was about.
Thinking about what you read will show you how much of it you really understood, and help you figure out if you still have questions.
Try this:
Before you read, here are a few ____40____ you can ask yourself as you browse, to help you prepare for reading:
●Are there any words in bold or italics?
●Are there titles or subtitles?
●What are some of the names mentioned?
●Is there a lot of dialogue?
●Are the paragraphs short or long?
After you read, the questions below can be used to help you ____41____ what you did and did not understand:
●What was the text about?
●What are the most important things that happened in the text?
●Did anything ____42____ you?
●Did anything surprise you?
●Are there any parts you didn’t understand?
You might have some more questions depending on what kind of text you were reading, but these are good basic ones to start with.
37．A．later B．better C．nearly D．slowly
38．A．actually B．easily C．hardly D．loudly
39．A．describe B．decide C．discuss D．develop
40．A．articles B．customers C．questions D．rules
41．A．talk about B．worry about C．complain about D．think about
42．A．believe B．confuse C．observe D．protect
【答案】37．B
38．A
39．A
40．C
41．D
42．B
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何更好地进行英语阅读。
37．
句意：在阅读前，阅读中，阅读后，你可以做一些事情来帮助你更好地理解文章。
later后来；better更好地； nearly几乎；slowly慢慢地。根据上文中的“Learning how to read English books is about more than just reading the words!”可知，学习如何阅读不仅仅是读单词。再结合句意可知，此处指更好地理解文章。故选B。
38．
句意：这意味着你应该快速浏览文本，而不是逐字逐句地阅读。
actually实际上；easily容易地；hardly几乎不；loudly大声地。根据空前的“you should look over the text quickly”可知，此处指不要逐字逐句的读。故选A。
39．
句意：试着快速说出或写出几个句子来描述这篇文章的内容。
describe描述；decide决定；discuss讨论；develop培养。根据空前的“Take some time after you read to browse again and summarize what you remember.”以及句意可知，此处指描述文章的内容。故选A。
40．
句意：在你阅读之前，你可以在浏览时问自己几个问题，以帮助你准备阅读。
articles文章；customers客户；questions问题；rules原则。根据下文列举的五个问题可知，此处指浏览时问自己几个问题。故选C。
41．
句意：阅读后，下面的问题可以帮助你思考你做了什么和不理解的事情。
talk about讨论；worry about担心；complain about抱怨；think about思考。根据下文列举的几个问题和句意可知，此处指思考做了的和不理解的事。故选D。
42．
句意：有什么让你困惑的吗?
believe相信；confuse 困惑；observe观察；protect保护。根据上文可知，此处列举的问题为不理解的事情，所以此处指有什么让你困惑的。故选B。


（六）（2021·上海松江·二模）
The struggle (挣扎)of a butterfly
A man found a cocoon（茧）of a butterfly. One day a small opening appeared. He sat and watched the butterfly for several hours as it tried its best to move its body ___85___ that little hole.
Suddenly it stopped and looked like it was ___86___. So the man decided to help the butterfly. He took a pair of scissors and made the opening of the cocoon bigger. The butterfly then came out __87__, although it had a swollen（肿胀的）body and small dry wings.
The man didn’t think anything of it and sat there waiting for the butterfly to fly. But that didn’t happen. The butterfly spent the rest of its life unable to fly, crawling on the ground with tiny wings and a swollen body.
The man had a ___88___ heart, but he didn’t understand that the butterfly needed the undamaged cocoon and the struggle to get out of the small opening, and that was its way of making fluid（液体）from the body of the butterfly into its wings to prepare itself for flying, once it was out of the cocoon.
Our struggles in life develop our ___89___. Without struggles, we never grow and never get stronger. So it’s important for us to deal with challenges on our own instead of ___90___ help from others.
85．A．into B．onto C．across D．through
86．A．freezing B．stuck C．moved D．touching
87．A．easily B．gently C．happily D．suddenly
88．A．strong B．weak C．cruel D．kind
89．A．strengths B．ideas C．intelligence D．interests
90．A．pointing out B．showing off C．relying on D．trying to
【答案】85．D
86．B
87．A
88．D
89．A
90．C
【解析】
【分析】
本文讲述了一个人处于好心帮助蝴蝶破茧而出，但是好心办坏事，让这只蝴蝶无法起飞。告诉我们一个道理：奋斗是我们人生的必要组成部分，我们要自己面对人生中的挑战而不是依靠别人的帮助。
85．
句意：他坐着看了好几个小时，它正试图移动它的身体通过那个小洞。
into进入；onto到……之上；across横穿；through穿过，通过。此处表示蝴蝶想通过茧的小洞出来，应用through。故选D。
86．
句意：突然它停了下来，看起来像是卡住了。
freezing冻住；stuck卡住；moved移动；touching接触。根据“So the man decided to help the butterfly.”可知，蝴蝶想要破茧而出，但是没有成功，因为被茧卡住了。故选B。
87．
句意：蝴蝶很容易就出来了，尽管它有一个肿胀的身体和干燥的小翅膀。
easily容易地；gently温柔地；happily开心地；suddenly突然地。根据“He took a pair of scissors and made the opening of the cocoon bigger.”可知，茧的开口变大了，所以蝴蝶很容易就从茧里出来了。故选A。
88．
句意：这个人有一颗善良的心。
strong强壮的；weak虚弱的；cruel残忍的；kind善良的。根据“but he didn’t understand that the butterfly needed the undamaged cocoon and the struggle to get out of the small opening”可知，此处表示转折，这个人是出于好心，但是他不知道蝴蝶需要完好的茧，需要挣扎着走出这个小洞，从而导致蝴蝶飞不起来。故选D。
89．
句意：我们在生活中的奋斗提高了我们的力量。
strengths力量；ideas主意；intelligence智慧；interests兴趣。根据“Without struggles, we never grow and never get stronger.”可知，奋斗可以让我们有力量。故选A。
90．
句意：因此，重要的是我们要自己面对挑战，而不是依赖别人的帮助。
pointing out指出；showing off炫耀；relying on依靠；trying to尝试。阅读全文可知，蝴蝶在人类的帮助下不能成功飞起来，所以我们不能依赖别人的帮助，要靠自己奋斗。故选C。

（七）（2021·上海奉贤·二模）
Smart phones and e-readers have become more common in recent years. Some people worry that the days of paper books will be gone. But surveys have shown that traditional books are still __91__ among readers.
Research company Nielsen found that in the UK, sales of e-books are __92__ while sales of paper books are rising. More surprisingly, it’s young people who are buying the most physical books. Another survey of university students from the United States, Slovakia(斯洛伐克),Japan and Germany also showed that 92 percent of them __93__ paper books.
The most popular reason given was: “I like to hold the products.” It’s true that paper books bring a very different reading __94__. Slovakian students said that they liked the smell of paper books. Other students said that they get a sense of accomplishment (成就) when they finish reading a paper book and they enjoy seeing it on the bookshelf.
Paper books can also be very __95__ objects (物品) to lovers of reading. Many people like to sign their names on the inside cover. It’s as if readers of paper books make friends with them.
This “friendship” people develop with books isn’t just sentimental (情感上的). Research has shown that readers remember more information reading from paper books than e-books. People also more easily. __96__ headaches or sore eyes while reading e-books.
It seems that paper books, which have been in production since the 15th century, still have an attraction.
91．A．familiar B．popular C．interesting D．comfortable
92．A．falling B．climbing C．happening D．beginning
93．A．predicted B．preferred C．protected D．prevented
94．A．excuse B．experiment C．exercise D．experience
95．A．creative B．personal C．common D．relaxing
96．A．come up with B．keep up with C．end up with D．get along with
【答案】91．B
92．A
93．B
94．D
95．B
96．C
【解析】
【分析】
本文是作者探讨纸质图书回归的背后原因。
91．
句意：但调查显示，传统书籍在读者中仍然很受欢迎。
familiar相似的；popular受欢迎的；interesting感兴趣的；comfortable舒适的。根据“sales of paper books are rising”可知，纸质书的数量在上涨，说明它还仍受欢迎，故选B。
92．
句意：电子书的销量在下降，而纸质书的销量在上升。
falling减少；climbing爬；happening发生；beginning开始。根据“while然而”可知，前后两个是相反的情况，根据“rising”可知，此空应表示“减少”，故选A。
93．
句意：另一项针对美国、斯洛伐克、日本和德国大学生的调查也显示，92%的人更喜欢纸质书。
predicted预测；preferred更喜欢；protected保护；prevented预防。根据“it’s young people who are buying the most physical books”可知，这些人更喜欢纸质书，故选B。
94．
句意：的确，纸质书带来了一种非常不同的阅读体验。
excuse理由；experiment实验；exercise锻炼；experience体验。根据“Slovakian students said that they liked the smell of paper books…”可知，是给他们带来了不同的体验，故选D。
95．
句意：对于阅读爱好者来说，纸质书也可能是非常私密的物品。
creative有创造力的；personal个人的；common普通的；relaxing放松的。根据“Many people like to sign their names on the inside cover”可知，把名字写在书的封皮上，说明喜欢读纸质书的人认为这是很私密的物品，故选B。
96．
句意：人们在阅读电子书时也更容易患上头痛或眼痛。
come up with想出；keep up with和……保持联系；end up with以……结束；get along with与……相处得好。根据“…headaches or sore eyes while reading e-books”及常识可知，看电子书容易患上头痛或眼痛，故选C。

（八）（2021·上海青浦·二模）
Wonder tells the story of August, a ten-year-old boy who lives with his parents and sister in New York. August, or Auggie as his family call him, is a(n) _____97_____ boy in many ways. He rides a bike and likes playing with his Xbox. But Auggie was born with deformities (畸形) of the face and looks very different from other kids. At the start of the book, he tells us “My name is August. I won’t describe what I look like. Whatever you’re thinking, it’s probably ______98______.” Auggie’s appearance shocks people. People look at him for a long time or sometimes they look away as soon as they see him.
       Auggie’s had 27 operations on his face and has spent a lot of time in hospital. His mother has taught him at home, but now that he’s ten, she thinks he should go to school._____99_____, Auggie hates the idea of school and doesn’t want to go. He worries that other kids will look at him strangely or call him horrible names, but his parents persuade him to visit a school and meet the headteacher. After the visit. Auggie _____100_____ that, yes, he will go to school.
Like many kids, Auggie is really anxious on the first day. Because of his face, no one wants to sit next to him and he notices other kids looking and talking about him when he’s not around. _____101_____, he later makes friends with Jack, a boy in his class, and Flower, a girl he chats with at lunch.
     Wonder tells the story of Auggie’s first year at school and ______102______ other kids treat him. It’s a difficult year with good and bad times. But towards the end, a frightening and dramatic event at a school camp made things completely different.
97．A．shy B．clever C．ordinary D．naughty
98．A．right B．true C．better D．worse
99．A．Since then B．At first C．In fact D．So far
100．A．advises B．decides C．forgets D．dreams
101．A．Luckily B．Clearly C．Surprisingly D．Suddenly
102．A．when B．where C．why D．how
【答案】97．C
98．D
99．B
100．B
101．A
102．D
【解析】
【分析】
本文介绍了《奇迹》这本书，《奇迹》是关于Auggie的故事。它描述了Auggie第一年的在校生活以及其他孩子是如何对待他的。
97．
句意：奥古斯特，或者他的家人叫他奥吉，在很多方面都是一个普通的男孩。
shy羞怯的；clever聪明的；ordinary 普通的，平常的；naughty顽皮的，淘气的。根据下文“He rides a bike and likes playing with his Xbox. But Auggie was born with deformities (畸形) of the face and looks very different from other kids”可知，除了Auggie是个面部畸形的孩子他在很多方面是个普通正常的男孩子。故选C。
98．
句意：不管你在想什么，情况可能更糟。
right正确的；true符合事实的，真的；better更好的；worse更差，更糟的。根据下文“Auggie’s appearance shocks people. People look at him for a long time or sometimes they look away as soon as they see him.”可知事实可能比你想象的更糟。故选D。
99．
句意：起初，奥吉讨厌上学，不想去。
Since then从那之后；At first最初，起初；In fact事实上；So far到目前为止。根据本段最后一句“he will go to school ”可知Auggie不想去学校只是最初的想法。故选B。
100．
句意：奥吉决定，是的，他要去上学。
advises建议；decides决定；forgets忘记；dreams做梦。根据下文“yes, he will go to school.”可知 Auggie在见完校长之后改变了主意，决定去上学了。故选B。
101．
句意：幸运的是，他后来和杰克交上了朋友，杰克是他班上的一个男孩，弗劳尔是他午餐时和他聊天的一个女孩。
Luckily幸好；Clearly清楚地；Surprisingly出乎意料地；Suddenly突然。根据上文“Because of his face, no one wants to sit next to him and he notices other kids looking and talking about him when he’s not around ”可知Auggie的脸所以没人愿意跟他坐一起并在背后议论他，但幸运的是他后来交到了自己的朋友。故选A。
102．
句意：《奇迹》讲述了奥吉在学校的第一年以及其他孩子如何对待他的故事。
when什么时候；where在哪里；why为什么；how怎样， 如何。根据上文描述可知这本书就是讲述了Auggie第一年的在校生活以及其他孩子是如何对待他的。故选D。

（九）（2021·上海崇明·二模）
Autism(自闭症) is a disorder of the brain that happens in the first three years of life. It   ___103___ the brain’s normal development. Most autistic patients have difficulty talking with other people or doing things. However, some of the autistic people have surprising abilities. For example, some can memorize many things and some can do calculations really fast.
Raymond Babbitt in the 1988 film Rain Man is an   ____104____ of autistic people. The character in the film was based on Kim Peek, a man from the USA．Peek couldn't switch on a light or put his clothes on by himself. But his   ____105____ was so surprising that he could remember almost anything. He could memorize every road, place and distance on maps. He could even remember almost every word in thousands of books. His way of reading was more   ____106____ . Peek could read two pages at the same time in just eight to ten seconds. He read the left page with his left eye and the right page with his right eye.
Scientists still don't know for sure why some autistic people have special talent after they have done a lot of research. There is one possible explanation. When certain parts of the brain are     ___107___ by autism, other parts of the brain might get stronger. Therefore, special abilities were born.
But not all people with autism have special abilities. ____108____ autism people with special abilities are rare and the abilities cannot be trained. According to research, only ten percent of autistic people show any signs of special talent.
103．A．helps B．increases C．affects D．records
104．A．actress B．inventor C．owner D．example
105．A．memory B．behavior C．change D．smile
106．A．common B．amazing C．frightening D．traditional
107．A．rebuilt B．recognized C．repaired D．damaged
108．A．Above all B．On average C．In fact D．In addition
【答案】103．C
104．D
105．A
106．B
107．D
108．C
【解析】
【分析】
自闭症是大脑的一种紊乱，影响大脑的正常发育。本文介绍自闭症发生的时间和症状，举例说明有些自闭症患者有些特殊的才能，事实上，只有百分之十的自闭症患者表现出一些特殊才能的迹象，这些能力是无法训练的。
103．
句意：它影响大脑的正常发育。
helps帮助；increases增加；affects影响；records记录；根据上文“Autism is a disorder of the brain”自闭症是大脑的紊乱；可知此处指“影响大脑的正常发育”；故选C。
104．
句意：雷蒙德·巴比特在1988年的电影《雨人》中就是自闭症患者的一个例子。
actress女演员；inventor发明家；owner主人；example例子；上文“some of the autistic people have surprising abilities. For example, some can memorize many things and some can do calculations really fast”讲述有些自闭症患者有着惊人的能力，比如记忆力、计算能力；可知此处是举一个例；故选D。
105．
句意：但他的记忆力太惊人了，几乎什么都能记住。
memory记忆；behavior行为；change更改；smile微笑；根据“he could remember almost anything”可知此处指“他的记忆力”；故选A。
106．
句意：他的阅读方式更令人惊奇。
common普通的；amazing令人惊奇的；frightening惊人的；traditional传统的；根据下文“Peek could read two pages at the same time in just eight to ten seconds. He read the left page with his left eye and the right page with his right eye.”在8到10秒内同时阅读两页，他用左眼看左页，用右眼看右页；可知，Peek的阅读速度和阅读方法是令人惊奇的；故选B。
107．
句意：当大脑的某些部分因自闭症受到损害时，大脑的其他部分可能会变得更厉害。
rebuilt重建；recognized认出；repaired修复；damaged损坏；由上文可知，自闭症是是大脑的紊乱，它影响大脑的正常发育；可知此处指“大脑的某些部分受到损害”；故选D。
108．
句意：事实上，有特殊能力的自闭症患者很少见，这些能力是无法训练的。
Above all最重要的是；On average平均；In fact事实上；In addition此外；上文讲述有些自闭症患者有特殊的功能；根据下文“autism people with special abilities are rare and the abilities cannot be trained”有特殊能力的自闭症患者很少见，而且这些能力是无法训练的；引出相反的事实；故选C。
（十）（2021·上海浦东新区·二模）
What comes to mind when you think of archaeologists(考古学家)? Are they as cool as the characters in Hollywood hit movies? Do they experience new adventures every day? Let’s discover the world of archaeologists.
Reaching spots
Historical treasures are often buried underground. To locate the proper place for ___109___, archaeologists do surveys to search for signs of ancient spots. These signs may be anything just like broken pieces of ancient tools.
It’s difficult work. They walk across the areas in all kinds of weather, so it is often done by walking. Besides, it requires much experience and ___110___ knowledge to tell an ordinary rock from a stone tool, or tell a natural hill from a grass-covered historic site.
Researching
Archaeologists spend a lot of time in the lab studying the discoveries.___111___, they are now closer to answering those mysteries than ever with modern technology.
The first thing they need to do is to recognize the age of the items discovered. They also ___112___ bones of humans or animals to find out the cause of their death and what they ate during their lifetime. After that, archaeologists draw the pictures of them on computers based on collected data.
Restoration(修复)
Ancient objects can be damaged in different ways.___113___, bowls and cups are often broken into pieces, while metal tools usually get rusty(生锈的). Before repairing, they use X-rays to look for damage. If the rust is harmful, they need to remove it and repair the object with special metal powder. In this process, restorers have to be extremely patient and careful so as not to damage the ___114___ of the objects.
Since the job can be physically tiring outdoors or need a long time work in the lab, most archaeologists are proud of their work. It’s their hard work that has brought the lost treasures back to life.
109．A．living B．resting C．digging D．sightseeing
110．A．junior B．general C．major D．professional
111．A．Carefully B．Fortunately C．Beautifully D．Immediately
112．A．contact B．follow C．examine D．develop
113．A．For example B．In addition C．At least D．In return
114．A．secret B．temperature C．weight D．value
【答案】109．C
110．D
111．B
112．C
113．A
114．D
【解析】
【分析】
本文主要介绍了考古学家是如何进行考古的。
109．
句意：为了确定适当的挖掘地点，考古学家们做调查，寻找古代遗迹的迹象。
living生活；resting休息；digging挖；sightseeing观光。由前句“Historical treasures are often buried underground.”可知，历史珍宝常被埋在地下，考古学家们会做调查去确定适当的挖掘地点，故选C。
110．
句意：此外，区分普通的岩石和石器，区分天然的山丘和长满草的历史遗迹，都需要很多的经验和专业知识。
junior初级的；general一般的，普通的；major主要的；professional专业的。由句中后半句“to tell an ordinary rock from a stone tool, or tell a natural hill from a grass-covered historic site”可知，此句是说区分这些东西需要经验和专业的知识，故选D。
111．
句意：幸运的是，借助现代科技，他们比以往任何时候都更接近于解开这些谜团。
Carefully认真地；Fortunately幸运地；Beautifully漂亮地；Immediately立即。通过借助现代科技，能够更接近地去解开谜团，这是幸运的，故选B。
112．
句意：他们还检查人类或动物的骨头，以找出他们死亡的原因和他们一生中吃什么。
contact联系；follow跟随；examine检查；develop培养。由句中“to find out the cause of their death and what they ate during their lifetime”可知，此句是说他们检查人类或动物的骨头，找出他们死亡的原因和一生中吃什么，故选C。
113．
句意：例如，碗和杯子经常破碎成碎片，而金属工具通常会生锈。
For example比如；In addition此外；At least至少；In return作为报答；由前句“Ancient objects can be damaged in different ways.”可知，此处是在举例说明古代物品可能会以不同的方式受损，故选A。
114．
句意：在这个过程中，修复者必须非常耐心和小心，以免损坏物品的价值。
secret秘密的；temperature温度；weight重量；value价值。由前半句“In this process, restorers have to be extremely patient and careful”可知，此句是说修复者必须非常耐心和小心，以免损坏物品的价值，故选D。


（十一）（2021·上海青浦·一模）
When you think of a journalist, do you see a reporter with a pen and paper? Writing is one way to tell a story, but some stories are told without ____181____.
Photojournalists are reporters too. They use a camera to capture a story in photographs ____182____ a pen and paper. You can see their work in the pictures that appear with an article. Pictures help readers visualize the things being described. Photojournalists also create photo essays, which tell a story with photos.
Alice Aedy is a photojournalist and documentary filmmaker based in London, England. She specializes in stories about social justice and human rights, but she also covers ____183____ issues. Aedy said that she's "passionate about climate change" because of how it affects people's lives.
Photojournalism helps people ____184____ current events by giving context to important moments in history. So photojournalists aren't just photographers. They're storytellers. Like other reporters, they need to be on the scene and able to interview people about what's happening.
Aedy has traveled the world to do her reporting. While working, she spends as much time as she can in the country where a story is taking place and does lots of interviews to get the full story. "I want my photos to build empathy（共鸣）," she says, "and make people care."
Aedy says that photography, like all forms of media, should be viewed with a ____185____ eye. Viewers should ask themselves questions like "What is the context of the photo? When and where was it taken? Was the photo taken with the permission of its subjects? Why was it taken?"
It's also important for viewers to take time to think about how a photograph makes them ____186____. "We're bombarded（轰炸）with images every day," Aedy says. "So my hope is that whatever you're looking at, you just truly engage."
181．A．words B．pens C．pictures D．writers
182．A．in addition to B．instead of C．except for D．because of
183．A．business B．environment C．technology D．entertainment
184．A．watch B．hear C．explain D．understand
185．A．critical B．close C．friendly D．real
186．A．judge B．decide C．feel D．observe
【答案】181．A
182．B
183．B
184．D
185．A
186．C
【解析】
【分析】
本文通过摄影记者Aedy，向人们展示了摄影记者如何用照片来描述故事。
181．
句意：写作是讲述故事的一种方式，但有些故事是不用语言讲述的。
words词语，话语；pens钢笔；pictures图画；writers作者。由句中转折连词“but”和下文中的“They use a camera to capture a story...”可知，此句是说有些故事不是用语言来讲的，故选A。
182．
句意：他们用相机而不是纸和笔来捕捉照片中的故事。
in addition to除了；instead of代替，而不是；except for除……之外；because of因为。由句中“use a camera to capture a story”可知，这里是说摄影记者用相机来捕捉照片中的故事，而不是用笔和纸，选B。
183．
句意：她专门报道社会正义和人权，但她也报道环境问题。
business商业；environment环境；technology技术；entertainment娱乐。由下句“Aedy said that she's "passionate about climate change" because of how it affects people's lives.”可知，Aedy也报道环境问题，故选B。
184．
句意：摄影新闻通过介绍历史上重要时刻的背景，帮助人们了解时事。
watch观看；hear听说；explain解释；understand理解。由句中“by giving context to important moments in history”可知，此句是说通过介绍历史上重要时刻的背景，去帮人们理解时事，故选D。
185．
句意：Aedy说，摄影像所有形式的媒体一样，应该“用批判的眼光”来看待。
critical批判的；close亲密的；friendly友好的；real真实的。 由后面所跟的几个问题可知，摄影也要用批判的眼光来看待，故选A。
186．
句意：对于观众来说，花时间去思考一张照片给他们带来的感受也是很重要的。
judge判断；decide决定；feel感觉；observe观察。由后句“So my hope is that whatever you're looking at, you just truly engage”可知，此句是说观众花时间思考一张照片所带给他们的感受也是很重要的，故选C。


（十二）（2021·上海黄浦·一模）
The National Gallery in London has introduced an “art route” that people must follow round the gallery. Are set routes actually a better way to enjoy museums and galleries? Or should people be ____187____ to view exhibitions in any order they choose? What do you think-are set routes better?
Yes-people will get more from their visit
Experts spend years learning about the items in their museums and galleries. They know the best order in which people should see the exhibits, so that visitors can enjoy and learn about them. ____188____, if there was an exhibition of a painter, the works could be arranged to show visitors how their style developed through their career. If a person is on an art route, they won't ____189____ any important pictures, and will be guaranteed to see everything. The experience will be enjoyable for the visitor, and they will have their own space in which to appreciate great works.
No-freedom is part of the fun
Most exhibitions are already ____190____ in some kind of order. However, not everyone wants to look at the same things in the same way. Some visitors just want to enjoy a few pieces and then leave. Besides, if everyone follows the same route, some people might take a long time looking at one object and ____191____ everyone down. Equally, if a visitor wants to study something for more time, they may feel pressured by people behind them. One of the great joys of exhibitions is ____192____ noticing something. When a visitor is drawn to an object, it can feel special and they can learn about it by themselves. If everyone is following the same route, this is less likely to happen, so the experience will not be as much fun.
187．A．ready B．able C．free D．thankful
188．A．In fact B．For example C．In addition D．That is to say
189．A．forget B．fail C．lose D．miss
190．A．laid out B．put away C．dealt with D．turned on
191．A．put B．slow C．take D．break
192．A．carefully B．silently C．suddenly D．peacefully
【答案】187．C
188．B
189．D
190．A
191．B
192．C
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇议论文。文章就“博物馆和美术馆是否应该设定游览路线”这一话题展开讨论。
187．
句意：还是人们可以自由地按照自己选择的顺序观看展览？
ready准备好的；able能够的；free自由的；thankful感激的。根据前句“Are set routes actually a better way to enjoy museums and galleries?”可知，此句应是“还是人们可以自由地按照自己选择的顺序观看展览”。故选C。
188．
句意：例如，如果有一个画家的展览，这些作品可以安排来向观众展示他们的风格是如何在他们的职业生涯中发展的。
In fact事实上；For example例如；In addition另外；That is to say也就是说。根据前句“They know the best order in which people should see the exhibits, so that visitors can enjoy and learn about them.”可知，空后是前句的具体实例，故空处应用for example。故选B。
189．
句意：如果一个人是在艺术路线上，他们不会错过任何重要的图片，并将保证看到一切。
forget忘记；fail失败；lose失去；miss错过。根据后句“and will be guaranteed to see everything.”可推测出，空处应是“错过”。故选D。
190．
句意：大多数展览都是按照某种顺序展出的。
laid out展开、摊开；put away收起；dealt with处理；turned on打开。由语境可知，展览应是按照某种顺序展出的。故选A。
191．
句意：另外，如果每个人都遵循同样的路线，有些人可能会花很长时间看一个物体，拖慢每个人的速度。
put放；slow放慢速度；take拿走；break打破。根据前句“if everyone follows the same route, some people might take a long time looking at one object”可知，后句应是“拖慢每个人的速度。”；slow…down使……放慢。故选B。
192．
句意：展览的最大乐趣之一，就是突然注意到一些东西。
carefully仔细地；silently默默地；suddenly突然；peacefully平静地。根据句子主语“One of the great joys of exhibitions”可知，应是“突然注意到一些东西”。故选C。

（十三）（2021·上海崇明·一模）
Animals can move from place to place, but plants cannot. When an animals is under attack, it can run away or ___193___. Plants certainly cannot run away, and they have no teeth or claws. But plants can protect themselves by using both physical and chemical means（方法）.
Some plants have their own ways to keep animals ___194___. For example, the leaves of the holly plant have sharp points that discourage（打消；阻止）grass-eating animals. Holly leaves on lower branches have more sharp points than leaves on upper branches. This is because the lower leaves are ___195___ for most animals to reach.
Some plants, such as the oak tree, have special ways to discourage leaf-eating animals. They have thick and hard leaves that are ___196___ for animals to eat. Some grasses may contain a sandy material; eating such grasses down the animal's teeth.
Many plants also have chemical defenses. Some plants produce chemicals that taste bitter or cause an unpleasant reaction. Some plants may fight against a(n) ___197___ by increasing the production of these chemicals. When an insect bites a tobacco leaf, the leaf produces a chemical messenger（信使）. This messenger sends to the roots the information to produce more nicotine. The higher levels of nicotine discourage the insect.
Many plants ___198___ both physical and chemical defenses. A certain plant in China, for example, has sharp leaves, and each sharp leaf contains poisonous venom（毒液）. A single experience with this kinds of plant will teach an animal not to eat the leaves of it in the future.
193．A．calm down B．come back C．fall asleep D．fight back
194．A．away B．warm C．safe D．crazy
195．A．sweeter B．easier C．bigger D．greener
196．A．important B．convenient C．difficult D．delicious
197．A．attack B．illness C．storm D．flood
198．A．pay for B．learn from C．search for D．rely on
【答案】193．D
194．A
195．B
196．C
197．A
198．D
【解析】
【分析】
这篇短文讲述的是当动物受到攻击时，它们可以逃跑或者反击。那么植物如何应对呢？它们当然不能逃跑，但它们也有自己的方法来保护自己。
193．
句意：当动物受到攻击时，它可以逃跑或反击。
calm down平静下来；come back回来；fall asleep入睡；fight back回击，抵抗。根据下句话“Plants certainly cannot run away, and they have no teeth or claws.”，植物不能逃跑，因为没有牙齿或爪子来反抗。这里是与动物对比着叙述的，由此可知，动物受到攻击时，要么逃跑，要么反击。故选D。
194．
句意：有些植物有它们自己的方法来驱赶动物。
away离开；warm温暖的；safe安全的；crazy疯狂的。根据上文“But plants can protect themselves by using both physical and chemical means”可知，文章介绍的是植物保护自己的方法，这些方法应该是让动物远离自己。由下文的例子也可印证这一点，故选A。
195．
句意：这是因为更低的叶子对大多数动物来说更容易够到。
sweeter更甜的；easier更容易的；bigger更大的；greener更绿的。根据上文“Holly leaves on lower branches have more sharp points than leaves on upper branches.”可知，更低一点的树枝上的冬青叶有更多的锋利的尖，这说明下面的叶子对大多数动物来说更容易够得着。故选B。
196．
句意：它们的叶子又厚又硬，动物很难吃。
important重要的；convenient方便的；difficult困难的；delicious美味的。根据上文“Some plants, such as the oak tree, have special ways to discourage leaf-eating animals.”可知，这里举例说明一些植物用特殊的方法阻止吃树叶的动物。再结合空前“They have thick and hard leaves”橡树的叶子又厚又硬，动物很难吃。故选C。
197．
句意：一些植物可能会通过增加这些化学物质的产量来抵抗攻击。
attack攻击；illness疾病；storm风暴；flood洪水。根据上文“When an animals is under attack …But plants can protect themselves by using both physical and chemical means”可知，文章介绍的是植物应对动物攻击的方法。故选A。
198．
句意：许多植物依靠物理和化学防御。
pay for为……付钱；learn from从……中学习；search for寻找，搜索；rely on依靠，依赖。根据上文“But plants can protect themselves by using both physical and chemical means”可知，文章介绍的是植物用来保护自己的方法，它们依靠这些方法进行防御。D选项符合语境，故选D。


（十四）（2021·上海嘉定·一模）
Some people volunteer to gain experience. Some people volunteer to make themselves feel better. Some people volunteer to help those who were   ____199____ . However, I volunteer to thank my community. I am thankful for the help I received from others.
When I was in high school, I took part in the Upward Bound Program. Through Upward Bound, I was able to gain skills and opportunities that have helped me become the man that I am today. So I now often give back to enable kids to have the same   ______200______   at life that I have had.
Volunteering is the best way to thank those who helped me on the road to success. I remember asking a counselor（顾问）when I was in Upward Bound how I could repay him. He smiled and said, "Shawn, you can help me by helping others." A sentence so simple, yet so__201__in its meaning.
When I got my first volunteer position as a junior counselor at my local Boys and Girls Club, I was eager to be   a great role model for kids. But things did not work out as I thought at first. I got so ____202____ .
By the time I was ready to_____203_____ , the kids looked for me everywhere that day. They said they liked having     me around.
My desire to give back to the community came back. Now the feeling that I can shape someone’s life for the better is amazing.
So it is a good   idea   for everyone   to   find   a(an)____204____and   volunteer. In   this way, not   only will   you   be   helping others, you will be helping yourself as well.
199．A．active B．honest C．unfortunate D．helpful
200．A．chance B．courage C．decision D．stress
201．A．strange B．deep C．funny D．different
202．A．excited B．disappointed C．satisfied D．proud
203．A．turn up B．wake up C．give up D．put up
204．A．example B．cause C．excuse D．solution
【答案】199．C
200．A
201．B
202．B
203．C
204．B
【解析】
【分析】
短文主要讲述作者因曾经得到他人的帮助而回馈社区的经历。
【详解】
1. 句意：有的人自愿帮助那些不幸的人。
active活跃的；honest诚实的；unfortunate不幸的；helpful有用的，有帮助的。这里谓语动词是“help”，则其宾语应该是“不幸的人”。故选C。
2.句意：所以，我现在经常回馈——让孩子们在生活中能够拥有我曾经拥有过的相同机会。
chance机会；courage勇气；decision决定；stress压力。根据上文“Through Upward Bound, I was able to gain skills and opportunities that have helped me become the man that I am today.”可知，通过“Upward Bound”，作者获得了成长的技能和机会，所以“我现在经常回馈——让孩子们在生活中能够拥有我曾经拥有过的相同机会”。故选A。
3.句意：如此简单的一句话却又意义深远。
strange奇怪的，陌生的；deep深奥的； funny有趣的； different不同的。 meaning意义，意思；名词。deep与meaning搭配，意义正确、完整。故选C。
4.句意：我感到很失望。
excited兴奋的；disappointed失望的；satisfied满足的；proud自豪的。根据上文“But things did not work out as I thought at first.”可知，因为“事情并不像我一开始想的那样顺利”，所以“我感到很失望”。故选B。
5.句意：那天，在我准备放弃的时候，孩子们却到处寻找我。
turn up调大（音量等）；wake up 醒来；give up放弃；put up张贴。根据上文“But things did not work out as I thought at first. ”可知，因为事情不如我当初想的那么顺利，所以我准备“放弃”。故选C。
6.句意：所以，每个人都应该找到一个目标并自愿做些事。
example例子；cause理由，目标；excuse借口，solution解决方法。根据上文“it is a good idea” 可知，“对每个人而已，找到一个目标并自愿做些事”是“一个好主意”。故选B。