山西省吕梁市2021-2022学年高一下学期期末考英语试题（含答案）

这是一份山西省吕梁市2021-2022学年高一下学期期末考英语试题（含答案），共14页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7等内容，欢迎下载使用。

吕梁市2021-2022学年高一年级第二学期期末考试试题
英语
（本试题满分150分，考试时间120分钟。答案一律写在答题卡上）
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
( )1. What is that force called?
A. The power of wind. B. Electricity power. C. Gravity.
( )2. What is the woman doing?
A. Waiting the man. B. Changing clothes. C. Typing a paper.
( )3. What are the speakers talking about?
A. English learning. B. A student. C. A class.
( )4. What do we know from the conversation?
A. All the information on line is false.
B. The man doesn’t know the computer at all.
C. The woman is cautious when shopping online.
( )5. What does the man mean?
A. He will watch TV.
B. He has to leave early.
C. He will help make dinner.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至8题。
( )6. What is said about medical development in the future?
A. Health care will be free.
B. Cancer may be cured.
C. AIDS will disappear.
( )7. What will make distant places more popular for a holiday?
A. Lower cost for air travel.
B. Faster air transport.
C. Better air service.
( )8. What is the topic of this interview?
A. Future ways of traveling.
B. Medical progress in the future.
C. Changes of life in the next decade.
听第7段材料，回答第9至11题。
( )9. What does the girl want her father to buy?
A. A ruler. B. High-tech things. C. Pencils and erasers.
( )10. Which of the following does the father consider buying for his daughter?
A. An MP3 player. B. A computer. C. A calculator.
( )11. Which of the following could be a reason for her father to buy what she wants?
A. She volunteers to use some of her own money.
B. She asks her father to buy a cheap one online.
C. She tells her father she is the best in school.
听第8段材料，回答第12至14题。
( )12. Where does the conversation most probably take place?
A. At a shop. B. At a bookstore. C. At a reading room.
( )13. What do we know about the book the man would like?
A. It is full of invented stories about the Industrial Revolution.
B. It doesn’t have the number of ISBN.
C. It was published in the early 1980s.
( )14. What advice does the woman give the man?
A. Reading on line.
B. Borrowing from friends.
C. Trying an old bookstore.
听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。
( )15. What is Gary Danko?
A. The name of a restaurant.
B. The name of a special dish.
C. The name of the woman’s husband.
( )16. What do we know about the woman’s husband?
A. He is a waiter. B. He is a vegetarian. C. He often cooks at home.
( )17. What doesn’t the man eat?
A. Meat. B. Vegetables. C. Desserts.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
( )18. What’s the speaker talking about?
A. The life of Stephen Harwking.
B. The key to Stephen Harwking’s success.
C. The education of Stephen Hawking.
( )19. When did Hawking go to Oxford?
A. In 1943. B. In 1953. C. In 1956.
( )20. Which of the following books was published in 2001?
A. A Brief History of Time.
B. Black Holes.
C. The Universe in a Nutshell.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Music
Opera at Music Hall: 1243 Elm Street. The season runs June through August, with additional performances in March and September. The Opera honors Enjoy the Arts membership discounts. Phone: 241-2742. http://www.cityopera.com.
Chamber Orchestra: The Orchestra plays at Memorial Hall at 1406 Elm Street, which offers several concerts from March through June. Call 723-1182 for more information. http://www.chamberorch.com.
Symphony Orchestra: At Music Hall and Riverbend. For ticket sales, call 381-3300. Regular season runs September through May at Music Hall and in summer at Riverbend. http://www.symphony.org/home.asp.
College Conservatory of Music ( CCM ): Performances are on the main campus of the university, usually at Patricia Cobbett Theater. CCM organizes a variety of events, including performances by the well-known LaSalle Quartet, CCM’s Philharmonic Orchestra, and various groups of musicians presenting Baroque through modern music. Students with I.D. cards can attend the events for free. A free schedule of events for each term is available by calling the box office at 556-4183. http://www.ccm.uc.edu/events/calendar.
Riverbend Music Theater: 6295 Kellogg Ave. Large outdoor theater with the closest seats under cover ( price difference ). Big name shows all summer long! Phone: 232-6220. http://www.riverbendmusic.com.
( )21. Which website should you visit if you want to see an opera?
A. http://www.riverbendmusic.com. B. http://www.symphony.org/home.asp.
C. http://www.cityopera.com. D. http://www.chamberorch.com.
( )22. Where can students go for free performances with their I.D. cards?
A. Patricia Cobbett Theater. B. Memorial Hall.
C. Music Hall. D. Riverbend Music Theater.
( )23. How is Riverbend Music Theater different from the other places?
A. It gives shows all year round. B. It offers seats in the open air.
C. It has membership discounts. D. It presents only musical works.
B
On February 5, 2022, China claimed its first gold at the Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games in the 2000m mixed team relay of short track speed skating. The Chinese quartet (四人组) of Fan Kexin, Qu Chunyu, Ren Ziwei and Wu Dajing stormed to a thrilling victory at the Beijing Winter Olympics in 2:37.348. Italy took the silver and Hungary bagged the bronze.
According to the rules, each team is made up of two men and two women, and each of four skaters covers four and a half laps in the 2000-meter race. Olympic silver medalist Fan skated the first leg of the final race, but the race was restarted as Canadian and Hungarian athletes fell down soon after the starting pistol (发令枪) was fired.
As the race started again, Fan finished the first leg in third, and her teammates came from behind to lead the race. In the last ten laps, China steadily extended the advantage, while skaters from Canada and Hungary collided (相撞). The Italians finished 0.016 seconds behind China, almost cut the deficit. Powerhouses South Korea and the Netherlands were penalized and knocked out from the final.
“ I’ve been waiting for this gold medal for a long time. I always believe in our team and my teammates, ” said Fan with tears rolling down her face after the competition. “ We’ve been training hard every day, and we can even feel blood in our throat when we stepped out of the rink. We made it! ” The victory solidifies China’s dominance in short-track speed skating. Wu said, “ Our short track team is a big family. We never give up and always go all out for every opportunity to win. ”
( )24. What is the purpose of paragraph 1?
A. To explain the rules of the speed skating event.
B. To introduce speed skaters from different countries.
C. To show the result of the short-track speed skating race.
D. To stress the importance of the Chinese team’s victory.
( )25. Why was the mixed 2000m relay race restarted?
A. Two athletes fell down accidentally in the final race.
B. The starting pistol was fired at the wrong time.
C. Some players broke the rules in the competition.
D. The skating track was not in good condition.
( )26. What do the underlined words “ cut the deficit ” probably mean in paragraph 3?
A. Scored the same. B. Broke the record. C. Lost the race. D. Missed the match.
( )27. What can we learn from the short track team’s success?
A. Failure is the mother of success. B. Well begun, half done.
C. Each coin has two sides. D. God helps those who help themselves.
C
In a new study, scientists analyzed blood samples from 22 healthy donators and found microplastics (微塑料) in 17. Half the samples contained PET plastic, which is commonly used in drinks bottles, while a third contained polystyrene (聚苯乙烯), which is used for packaging food and other products. A quarter of the blood samples contained polyethylene, from which plastic carrier bags are made.
“ Previous work had shown that microplastics were 10 times higher in the waste of babies compared with adults and that babies fed with plastic bottles are swallowing millions of microplastic particles (微粒) a day. We also know in general that babies are more sensitive to chemical and particle exposure, ” said Prof Dick Vethaak, a scientist at Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam. “ That worries me a lot. ”
The new research adapted existing techniques to detect and analyze particles as small as 0.0007mm. Some of the blood samples contained two or three types of plastic. The team used steel needles and glass tubes to avoid pollution and tested for background levels of microplastics using blank samples.
Vethaak acknowledged that the amount and type of plastic varied between the blood samples. “ But this is a pioneering study, ” he said, “ with more work now needed. ” He said the differences might reflect short-term exposure before the blood samples were taken, such as drinking from a plastic coffee cup or wearing a plastic face mask.
“ Are the particles preserved in the body? Are they transported to certain organs? And are these levels high enough to cause disease? ” Vethaak said. “ More detailed research on how microplastics affect the structures and processes of the human body, and whether and how they can transform cells and how they may cause cancer, is urgently needed. The problem is becoming more urgent each day, ” Vethaak added.
( )28. What does the new study in paragraph 1 show?
A. Microplastic pollution is harmful to human health.
B. Drinks bottles contain more microplastics than plastic carrier bags.
C. Microplastics have been found in human blood by scientists.
D. Food packaging is the main source of microplastics in the human body.
( )29. What makes Vethaak worried in paragraph 2?
A. The food fed to babies. B. The mass production of plastic bottles.
C. The effect of microplastics on babies. D. The increasing amount of chemicals in fool.
( )30. What might cause microplastics to vary between blood samples according to Prof Dick Vethaak?
A. Various sampling time. B. Short-term exposure to plastics before sampling.
C. Different ways of sampling. D. Pollution of blood samples.
( )31. What is the Vethaak’s attitude to the effects of microplastics on human body from the last paragraph?
A. Doubtful. B. Cautious. C. Joyful. D. Anxious.
D
Every driver loves sailing through a series of green lights without having to stop and wait at a traffic light. Now, thanks to artificial intelligence, German researchers have found a way to reduce time spent at crossings.
Called the KI4LSA project and funded by the Ministry of Transport and Digital Infrastructure, the innovation is being tested. Scientists first studied algorithms (算法) taken from a busy crossing to learn about traffic patterns and where improvements were most needed. There is a great necessity to speed up waiting times at crossings as traditional methods are inflexible, according to the Fraunhofer Institute.
The new AI method uses radar sensors and high-resolution cameras to interpret traffic patterns in real-time. They can determine the speed of traffic as well as waiting times and combine this with algorithms. Scientists are currently trying this out at a busy crossing in Lemgo, Germany, with encouraging results.
The intelligent lights are said to improve traffic flow by 10 to 15 percent, which results in money saved; the EU estimates that traffic jams create economic damage that adds up to 100 billion euros a year. Apart from reducing commuting time, these traffic lights will reduce noise and CO2 emissions from cars idling (空转) at crossings.
Another exciting development in this research is the K14PED project, which studies pedestrians passing crossings. Using AI, researchers can identify how many people are waiting at a pedestrian crossing and whether some of these people will need extra time to cross the street. Using a 3D points cloud, they can tell if someone has disabilities or is elderly without identifying the individual. Because pedestrian buttons that are presently at crossings cannot determine if some people have special needs or are elderly, this is a real win. Such a needs-based system could reduce pedestrian waiting time by 30 percent, which could then decrease jaywalking (乱穿马路) by 25 percent.
Testing will be done until the late summer of 2022 in the German towns of Lemgo and Bielefeld, with researchers optimistic that it will be adopted by many countries. This technology is exciting news for pedestrians and drivers alike. It encourages safety, protects the environment, and may even give you more time to enjoy your morning coffee before heading off to work!
( )32. What is the function of AI in the KI4LSA project?
A. To avoid noise pollution. B. To control the speed of traffic.
C. To remind people of traffic rules at crossings. D. To provide real-time information about traffic.
( )33. What is paragraph 4 mainly about?
A. Ways of improving traffic flow. B. The development of artificial intelligence.
C. The effect of traffic jams on the environment. D. Advantages caused by the intelligent lights.
( )34. What can we learn about the K 14PED project?
A. It can be helpful to pedestrians with special needs.
B. It can identify the individual accurately.
C. It can avoid traffic accidents with a 3D points cloud.
D. It has been applied to streets in many countries.
( )35. Which could be the best title for the text?
A. The Bright Future of AI Technology
B. The Intelligent Traffic Lights: A Blessing for all
C. Digital Traffic System: A Sign of Smart Cites
D. The New Traffic Service for Old Citizens
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
An apology tells someone that we are sorry for the hurt we caused even if we didn’t do it on purpose.
36
Apologies are one of the tools that we use to build good friendships and relationships. When you say “ I am sorry ” and really mean it, it’s because you probably feel bad that something you did or said hurt the other person. Saying you’re sorry is more than just words. You are also saying that you respect the other person and you care about his or her feelings. After apologizing, you might feel a lite better. 37 When you apologize in a caring way, you can feel good because you are trying to make things right again.
Does apologizing fix everything?
Sometimes a sincere “ I am sorry ” fixes everything right away. Other times, it might take a while for someone to get past (通过) feeling upset. You may need to give the other person some time. Even after you say you are sorry, he or she might still feel bad about what you said or did. 38
What if you have been hurt?
39 . However, if a person keeps hurting you and apologizing without making an effort to change, you may not want to make friends with him. Just because someone apologizes, yet it doesn’t mean you have to be friends. 40 , anything more is up to you!
A. How should we apologize?
B. Why should we apologize?
C. Although it’s polite to accept an apology,
D. The other person will probably feel better, too.
E. When he or she does something wrong,
F. When someone apologizes to you, you may welcome it.
G. But at least you can feel good about apologizing or fixing the mistake.
第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When I was 16, I wrote a bucket list. This was a list of things that I wanted to do in my lifetime. One of the things on my bucket list was to do a ( n ) 41 .
Two years ago I spent three months traveling around South America. We 42 so many places and it was a great experience. One of the most 43 things we saw was Iguassu Falls. The day after we visited the waterfalls we were 44 in a hotel in Brazil, having breakfast. My friend then suddenly 45 an ad on the wall saying “ Skydive over Iguassu Falls today! ” We looked at each other and decided it was time to do something 46 . Today would be the day that we would jump out of a 47 .
That afternoon we were picked up and taken to the Skydive Center. We put on our gear (装备) and we were given some 48 . After signing a few papers we were on our way to the plane! There were 14 of us in a very small space as we took off into the 49 . This is when my heart started to 50 very fast.
Suddenly we were 3,000 meters above the ground. 51 , I was tied to an instructor so I didn’t have to 52 anything. He asked me if I was 53 to fall from the plane, but before I had time to 54 , I felt the wind rushing against my face as we fell to the ground at 200 kilometers an hour! Everything below me looked so small and my 55 was simply taken away.
After about 20 seconds of 56 , the parachute (降落伞) opened and everything 57 . We floated peacefully toward Earth, leaving the clouds behind us.
This was definitely one of the scariest but most 58 experiences of my life. The feeling of falling from so high is amazing. I would definitely do another skydive if I had the opportunity. I would also love to try other 59 sports such as bungee jumping (蹦极). I think that everyone should do something that 60 them once in a while.
( )41. A. dive B. skydive C. experiment D. research
( )42. A. left B. passed C. visited D. missed
( )43. A. insignificant B. shocking
C. different D. amazing
( )44. A. reading B. working C. hiding D. relaxing
( )45. A. noticed B. recognized C. remembered D. reviewed
( )46. A. beautiful B. strange C. crazy D. funny
( )47. A. ship B. car C. train D. plane
( )48. A. tests B. instructions C. warnings D. lectures
( )49. A. air B. water C. space D. forest
( )50. A. sink B. beat C. knock D. hit
( )51. A. Frankly B. Eventually C. Entirely D. Fortunately
( )52. A. worry about B. help out
C. focus on D. find out
( )53. A. capable B. ready C. likely D. free
( )54. A. check B. inquire C. answer D. argue
( )55. A. heart B. mind C. concern D. breath
( )56. A. flying B. falling C. rising D. shaking
( )57. A. let me down B. came to life
C. slowed down D. sped up
( )58. A. exciting B. inspiring C. annoying D. exhausting
( ) 59. A. extreme B. field C. strength D. team
( )60. A. bothers B. scares C. challenges D. satisfies
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或者括号内单词的正确形式，
The Ministry of Education recently released a new curriculum (课程) standard for labor education in compulsory education.
Primary school students in first and second 61 ( grade ) need to do basic cleaning wash vegetables and peel fruit, and learn to raise one or two kinds of plants or small animals. Third and fourth graders should clean their classrooms, wash their underwear, socks and shoes, know 62 to make cold dishes and use home appliances. Fifth and sixth graders should master 63 skills of cooking two or three common dishes, such as fried eggs, or scrambled eggs with tomato.
For middle school students, they 64 ( encourage ) to rook three or four dishes 65 ( independent ), learn how to make one or two kinds of traditional handicrafts 66 experience one or two types of industrial labor, new technologies, modem service or volunteer work.
The new curriculum calls for the 67 ( participate ) of families in students’ labor education. Schools should use various means 68 ( help ) parents realize the importance of labor education and help parents make household lists to improve students’ independence.
The curriculum has been discussed on social media. Netizens welcomed the inclusion of such courses and said 69 is necessary to teach young students basic skills. Some have regretted not 70 ( learn )such skills during their school days.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均只限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
How many hours do you sleep a day? Gu Ailing, who answer was 10 hours, said that she slept 14 hour one night, from 8 pm to 10 am the next day. She joking said, “ It was thing worth ‘ showing off ’ . ” Good sleep is seen to as her secret weapon to success. Since a young age, both she and his mother have been paying attention to her sleep. Gu only skied on weekends from the age of 8 to 14 to ensure she has enough sleep. Called her mother the “ sleep police ” , she would always be pushed to sleep more. Gu’s success shows the important of enough sleep for young people. Make sure to get sufficiently sleep every day.
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
假定你是李华，你校将于今年国庆节之际举办中华文化展。请你写信邀请你的好友Robert参加。须包含以下要点：
1.时间和地点；2.展出内容及意义。
注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考答柔
第一部分 听力每小题1.5分，共 30分。）
16-20 CAABC
11-15 ABCCA
1-5 CCBCC6-10 BACBC
;
第二部分 阅读理解参考答案∶
21-23 CAB 24-27 CAAD 28-31 CCBD 32-35 DDAB
A篇 解读;本文介绍了几个音乐活动的具体情况。
21.细节理解题 全文只有在"Opera at Music Hal1"这一部分提到了 0pera（歌剧）一词。可知，如果要想看歌剧，你需要浏览网址 http∶//www.cityopera.com。故选C项。
22. 细节理解题 由第四 部分"College Conservatory of Music（CCM）"第一句 中的"Patricia Cobbett Theater"可知，该部分提到的演出通常在Patricia Cobbett Theater 举行。由该部分的"Students with I.D.cards can attend the events for free."可知，在Patricia Cobbett Theater 看演出，带着学生证的学生可以免费。故选 A项。
23. 细节理解题 由最后一部分"Riverbend Music Theater"第一句 中的"outdoor theater"可知，这个剧院是一个露天剧院。其他部分均未提及与" 户外"有关的信息。故选B项。
B篇 解读∶2022年2月5日，在北京冬奥会短道速滑混合团体接力决赛中，中国队夺冠，获得本次冬奥会上中国队的首枚金牌。在这场备受瞩目的比赛中，中国短道速滑队面对各国强劲
对手，顶住压力，不负众望，为中国代表团取得开门红。
24.段落意图题 第一段介绍了在北京冬奥会短道速滑混合团体接力决赛的比赛成绩。故选 c 项。
25. 细节理解题 根据第二段最后一句可知，在运动员摔倒后重新开始的比赛。故选A项。
26.词义猜测题 根据第三段倒数第二句，意大利队以0.016秒落后中国，及 almost 可知，两个队比分接近。故选A项。
27. 推理判断题 从全文来看这枚金牌是中国队拼搏奋斗的结果。D 项意思是"天道酬勤"，故选D项。
C篇 解读∶科学家首次在人体血液中检测到了微塑料颗粒。
28.细节理解题 根据第一段第一句"In a new study ，scientist analyzed the blood samples....."可知，科学家们在人体血液中发现了微塑料颗粒。故选C 项。
29.细节理解题 根据第二段"…babies are more sensitive to chemical and particle exposure"可知，教授担心的是微塑料颗粒对 babies 的影响。故选C 项。
30. 细节理解题 根据第四段最后一句"the differences might reflect short一term exposure before that blood samples were taken，such as…"可知，故选B项。
31.观点态度题 根据最后一段多个疑问句表明科学家对微塑料颗粒在人体内的危害有很多
未知，以及 urgently ，more urgent的使用表明教授的焦急情绪。故选D项。
D篇 解读∶德国的一个研究团队正在测试人工智能控制的交通灯，以帮助推进智慧城市基础设施建设。他们开发的KI4LSA和K14PED 项目有望在缓解气候变化和交通拥堵方面发挥一定作用。
32.细节理解题 根据第三段第一句"The new AI method uses……to interpret traffic patterns in rea1一time"可知。故选D 项。
33.段落大意题 第四段主要讲了 intel11igent 1ights 对交通流量和环境所带来的好处。故选D 项。
34.推理判断题 根据第五段中。"Using AI researchers can identify how many people are waiting……"以及"Using 3D points cloud，they can tell if……"可知，该技术能够识别人们不同情况的多种需求。故选 A项。
35.主旨大意题 全文介绍AI技术控制的交通灯能在十字路口科学地调节时间，并通过两方面技术来介绍 AI在环保和缓解交通拥堵方便发挥的作用。故选 B 项。
七选五 36---40 B D GF C
第三部分第一节完型填空
41-45 BCDDA 46-50 CDBAB 51-55 DABCD 56-60 BCAAC
第二节 语法填空
61.grades 62.how 63.the 64.are encouraged 65.independently
66. and 67. participation 68.to help 69.it 70.learning
第四部分 写作第一节短文改错
1. who 改为 whose
2. 14 后的 hour 改为 hours
3. joking 改为 joking
4. thing 前加 a
5. seen 后边的to去掉
6. she and his mother 中 his 改为her
7. has 改为 had
8. Called 改为 Calling
9. important 改为 importance
10. sufficiently 改为 sufficient
书面表达
0ne possible version:
Dear Robert,
I'm writing to invite you to the Traditional Chinese Cultural Exhibition to be held by our school at the Art Center this weekend.
Since this event aims to help more people learn about the traditional Chinese culture, the staff, al1 the students and their parents as wel1 as anyone interested in it are welcome. At the Exhibition, related books, pictures, videos and objects wil1 be displayed, through which visitors will not only understand traditional Chinese culture better but also definitely feel the unique beauty of it.
If you're interested, please come and enjoy it. And I'd be glad to offer any help. Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua