2021-2022学年甘肃省兰州大学附属中学高三下学期第十次月考英语试题含解析

这是一份2021-2022学年甘肃省兰州大学附属中学高三下学期第十次月考英语试题含解析，共26页。
 兰州大学附属中学
2022届高三第十次月考 英语试卷
考试时间 100分钟 满分120分
第一部分 阅读理解 (共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
This chart shows how much money Americans have in savings at every age.
The typical American household has an average of $ 8,863 in an account at a bank or credit union, according to a recent report from Bankrate that analyzed inflation-adjusted data from the Federal Reserve. That’s purely in liquid savings, so it doesn’t include retirement funds or other investments.
However, that amount varies greatly by age and household type.

Savings vary widely by household type and age
For many families, this amount of savings falls short, some experts warn. “The ultimate destination should be enough to cover six months’ expenses, perhaps 9 to 12 months for sole breadwinners or self-employed individuals,” Greg McBride, CFA and chief financial analyst for Bankrate, com, says in the report.
”Here’s the thing with emergency money: More is always better,” best-selling author and co-founder of AE Wealth Management David Bach tells CNBC Make It. “You hear all the time experts say, you should have three months of expenses set aside. Well, it depends. In the recession, when people lost their jobs, three months of expenses set aside wasn’t enough.”
Meanwhile, other research has found that 60 percent of millennials don’t have enough money to cover a $ 1,000 emergency.
In addition to building your emergency fund, you should aim to put around 15 percent of your income towards retirement savings, according to the financial services company Fidelity.
If you want to put more away each month, start by cutting back on Americans? three biggest expenses: housing, transportation and food. You can also research ways to trim (削减) your budget and look into strategies for boosting your income.
1. According to the chart, for those between 35 and 44, who have the most in savings?
A. Singles with children. B. Singles without children.
C. Couples with children. D. Couples without children.
2. According to Greg McBride, at least how much money should be set aside for a family with only one person who earns money?
A. 3 months’ expenses. B. 6 months’ expenses.
C. 9 months’ expenses. D. 12 months’ expenses.
3. Which column of a newspaper is this article probably from?
A. Business and trade. B. Saving and investing.
C. Health and wellness. D. Employment and retirement.
【答案】1. C 2. C 3. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过图表介绍了美国人在各个年龄段的储蓄金额。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据柱状图可知，35～44岁的人群中，有孩子的夫妇存款最多。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段““The ultimate destination should be enough to cover six months’ expenses, perhaps 9 to 12 months for sole breadwinners or self-employed individuals,” Greg McBride, CFA and chief financial analyst for Bankrate, com, says in the report. (“家庭剩余储蓄应该足够支付6个月的费用，对于独自养家糊口的人或个体经营者来说，可能是9到12个月，”金融分析师、Bankrate网站首席财务分析师格雷格·麦克布莱德在报告中说)”可知，对于只有一人养家糊口的家庭，要预留9～12个月的花费，所以至少要有9个月。故选C。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据全文大意，文章通过图表介绍了美国人在各个年龄段的储蓄金额，可以推断这篇文章应该来自报纸中的“Saving and investing (储蓄和投资)”专栏。故选B。
B
“Don’t answer it,” I said to Sam. Our door in the inner city is constantly knocked on; our previous door in the suburbs rarely so. Sam has a full-time job and cannot spend his days answering requests to fix leaking baths or carry cash to the bank.
Sam opened the door and it was Mervin.
“There's a bird on the second floor,” he said. “It’s in trouble.”
Sam followed Mervin upstairs. Mervin pointed and tuned to let Sam look. It was a pigeon. The most common of all birds; the bird most likely to foul your newly washed car. And it wasn’t flying away. It was stamping in circles. As Sam went to look, Mervin coughed, “Number two.”
Sam asked him to repeat that. “Number two.” Mervin said. “The pigeon has been sitting in his own number two, and now it's stuck to his foot.”
It had rained for five days and the bird was young. It could have been sheltering in a wet nest of its own waste, which had then dried on its foot, preventing it from flying away. The pigeon moved in a few more circles. Sam bent to take another look. Mervin said. “All right, then.” and walked away.
“Why does everyone think you must solve the problems around here?” I said to Sam when he returned with his story. “It’s a bird. Just leave it on the stairs, and let nature take its course.” Sam didn’t agree. Then he went to the garage and emptied the cardboard box containing our imported camping mats. He returned with the gray pigeon in the box. He showed the bird to our children and they decided to keep it.
They put its foot in the warm water bath and got rid of its waste. Immediately the pigeon erupted in a bomb of feathers and began flying.
4. How did the author feel about the knocks?
A. Surprised. B. Frightened. C. Excited. D. Annoyed
5. Why was the pigeon moving in circles?
A. It was learning to fly. B. It was trapped by its waste.
C. It got caught in the rain. D. It was badly injured.
6. What did Sam use the cardboard box for?
A. To shelter the bird from the rain. B. To lend it to Mervin.
C. To make a nest for the bird. D. To collect our camping mats.
7. We can learn from the text that Sam is ________.
A. warm-hearted B. single-minded C. self-conscious D. hot-headed
【答案】4. D 5. B 6. C 7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Sam如何救助一只鸽子。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Don’t answer it（别应门）”及“Sam has a full-time job and cannot spend his days answering requests to fix leaking baths or carry cash to the bank.（山姆有一份全职工作，不能整天回答修理漏水浴缸或把现金带到银行的请求。）”可知，作者让Sam不要应门，因为她对那些找Sam的人不断的敲门感到烦恼，即Annoyed，故选D。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第六段中的“It could have been sheltering in a wet nest of its own waste, which had then dried on its foot, preventing it from flying away.（鸽子栖身在自己粪便的湿窝里，其粪便在脚上晾干了，阻止它飞走）”可知它是被自己的粪便困住了。故选B。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第七段中的“Then he went to the garage and emptied the cardboard box containing our imported camping mats. He returned with the gray pigeon in the box. He showed the bird to our children and they decided to keep it.（然后他去了车库，把装着我们进口野营垫的纸箱倒空。他带着盒子里的灰鸽子回来了。他把鸟给我们的孩子看，他们决定把它留下。）”可知，他把纸板箱倒空并用纸箱把鸽子带回来养，所以推断出Sam用纸板箱做鸟巢。故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是倒数第二段的“Then he went to the garage and emptied the cardboard box containing our imported camping mats. He returned with the gray pigeon in the box.（然后他去了车库，把装着我们进口野营垫的纸箱倒空。他带着盒子里的灰鸽子回来了。）”可知，全文介绍了Sam如何救助一只鸽子，由此可以推断出Sam很热心，即warm-hearted，故选A。
C
Without sharp reductions in greenhouse gas emissions, climate change threatens future Winter Olympic Games because their locations would be too warm to host the events, a new study has found.
If the world’s high emissions continue their trend, by the 2080s all but one of the 21 cities that previously hosted the Winter Games - Sapporo, Japan - would not be able to do so again. Among them, 6 cities would be considered “marginal” while 14 would even be seen “unreliable”— meaning the right conditions for snow and athlete safety cannot be met.
But that won’t necessarily happen if the world takes urgent action and follows the 2015 Paris Climate Agreement, according to Daniel Scott, the lead researcher for the University of Waterloo’s report. Under that deal, nearly 200 countries agreed to greatly cut their collective greenhouse emissions.
Athletes and coaches surveyed by the researchers said they re already seeing the effect climate change has on their sports. “Some of the coaches that did the survey have been coaches in the sport for 30 years,” Scott said. “They’ve traveled the world, back to the same competitions, and they’ve seen that certain competitions don’t happen, as regularly or uninterruptedly as they used to because of warmer temperatures.”
The Summer Olympics are also feeling the effects of climate change. Tokyo’s Olympic and Paralympic Games are likely one of—if not—the hottest and most humid Games on record. Daily temperatures reached 80F high with high humidity (湿度) that could make it feel like 100°F.
But winter sports seem more strongly influenced by the impact of a warmer world. During the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi, Russia, skiers were overheating in the same way a marathon runner would at nearly 90F weather. Due to the great impact, the study makes us worry that outdoor games may have to move indoors or be held at a different time of year altogether in order to accommodate higher temperatures.
8. What does the underlined word “marginal” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?
A. Almost unqualified.
B. Pretty satisfactory.
C. Rather unpopular.
D. Quite suitable.
9. Why are Tokyo’s Olympics mentioned in Paragraph 5?
A. To show the spirit of the Olympics.
B. To stress the impact of climate change.
C. To reveal the cause of warmer climate.
D. To compare summer and winter Olympics
10. What is the author’s attitude to the finding of the study?
A. Conservative.
B. Tolerant.
C. Optimistic.
D. Concerned.
11 What does the text mainly talk about?
A. Global climate changes.
B. Greenhouse gas emissions.
C. The Winter Olympics crisis.
D. The future Olympic Games.
【答案】8. A 9. B 10. D 11. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要通过一项研究介绍了全球变暖会对冬奥会产生的负面影响。
【8题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段“If the world‘s high emissions continue their trend, by the 2080s all but one of the 21 cities that previously hosted the Winter Games- Sapporo, Japan- would not be able to do so again. Among them, 6 cities would be considered “marginal”while 14 would even be seen “unreliable”— meaning the right conditions for snow and athlete safety cannot be met.(如果世界高排放的趋势继续下去，到2080年，之前举办冬奥会的21个城市——日本札幌除外，其他所有城市都将无法再次举办冬奥会。其中，6个城市将被视为“marginal”，14个城市甚至被视为“不可靠”——这意味着无法满足雪和运动员安全的适当条件)”可知，由于温室气体的排放量逐年上升，之前举办过冬季奥运会城市中有14个被视为“不可靠”，由此推知其中6个也不适合举办冬季奥运会，只是程度没有unreliable深。由此推知划线词意为“几乎没有资格，几乎不合格”。故选A。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段的“Athletes and coaches surveyed by the researchers said they re already seeing the effect climate change has on their sports. (接受研究人员调查的运动员和教练表示，他们已经看到了气候变化对他们运动的影响)”和第五段的“The Summer Olympics are also feeling the effects of climate change. Tokyo’s Olympic and Paralympic Games are likely one of—if not—the hottest and most humid Games on record.(夏季奥运会也感受到了气候变化的影响。东京奥运会和残奥会可能是有史以来最热、最潮湿的奥运会之一，如果不是的话)”推知，第五段提到东京夏季奥运用是为了强调其后变化的影响。故选B。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Due to the great impact, the study makes us worry that outdoor games may have to move indoors or be held at a different time of year altogether in order to accommodate higher temperatures. (由于这种巨大的影响，这项研究让我们担心，为了适应更高的温度，户外比赛可能不得不转移到室内或在一年中的不同时间举行)”推知，作者对研究的发现表示担忧。故选D。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其根据第一段“Without sharp reductions in greenhouse gas emissions, climate change threatens future Winter Olympic Games because their locations would be too warm to host the events, a new study has found. (一项新的研究发现，如果不大幅减少温室气体排放，气候变化将威胁到未来的冬奥会，因为冬奥会举办地将过于温暖)”和最后一段的“Due to the great impact, the study makes us worry that outdoor games may have to move indoors or be held at a different time of year altogether in order to accommodate higher temperatures. (由于这种巨大的影响，这项研究让我们担心，为了适应更高的温度，户外比赛可能不得不转移到室内或在一年中的不同时间举行)”可知，文章主要介绍了气候变化对冬季奥运会的负面影响，即冬季奥运会面临危机。故选C。
D
Recently, Facebook has changed its corporate name to Meta. The company said it would better include what it does, as it broadens its reach beyond social media into areas like virtual reality (VR). The CEO Mark Zuckerberg said the existing brand could not possibly represent everything that they’re doing today, let alone in the future. He also revealed the company’s plans to build a “metaverse (元宇宙)” — an online world where people can game, work and communicate in a virtual environment.
The term “metaverse” was invented by author Neal Stephenson in Snow Crash, a science fiction published in 1992. In the work, the metaverse is a sort of 3D virtual world. It’s not simply a virtual reality game but is a persistent and shared virtual world. Or rather, the metaverse is a whole universe of shared virtual spaces seemingly linked together — you could, essentially, teleport (瞬移) between them.
Metaverse combined at the very least five technologies — they are social media, online game, Augmented Reality (AR), Virtual Reality (VR) and cryptocurrency (加密货币). Those technologies will bring users to an interactive world. AR and VR are vital for Metaverse. VR serves to present the virtual world visually and then AR will provide the audio and sensors for people to be able to interact. With Metaverse, Facebook will offer not only a texting service but also a multi-perspective virtual touch that feels like a real thing.
Facebook said that it plans to create 10,000 jobs in Europe over the next five years to work on metaverse-related endeavours (活动). The company also has introduced Oculus-branded virtual-reality headsets, and it joined with Ray-Ban to develop smart sunglasses that went on sale for $299. “Over time, I hope that we are seen as a metaverse company and I want to anchor our work and our identity on what we’re building towards,” Mark Zuckerberg said. “I view this work as critical to our mission because delivering a sense of presence — like you’re right there with another person — that’s the highest goal of online social experiences,” he said.
12. Why has Facebook changed its corporate name?
A. To lead the gaming industry.
B. To cover its extended business.
C. To improve its corporate image.
D. To attract investment for its new plans.
13. What is paragraph 2 mainly about?
A. The introduction to the VR game.
B. The future with 3D virtual world.
C. The origin of the word “metaverse”.
D. The importance of the novel Snow Crash.
14. What do we know about Metaverse?
A. It has a wide range of applications.
B. It offers people deeply interactive experiences.
C. It enables people to enjoy a free texting service.
D. It uses the five technologies to explore the universe.
15. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A. There will be fierce competition in the metaverse market.
B. Facebook will focus on designing virtual devices.
C. Metaverse will be the center of online experience studies.
D. Facebook will be devoted to developing the metaverse.
【答案】12. B 13. C 14. B 15. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是新闻报道。文章主要讲述Facebook将把公司更名为Meta（元），并希望人们将其视为“元宇宙公司”，Facebook将致力于元宇宙的发展。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“The company said it would better include what it does, as it broadens its reach beyond social media into areas like virtual reality (VR).(该公司表示，随着公司将业务范围从社交媒体扩大到虚拟现实（VR）等领域，它将更好地涵盖自己的业务)”可知，脸书改变公司名字是因为这个名字能够覆盖其扩大的业务。故选B。
【13题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段内容“The term “metaverse” was invented by author Neal Stephenson in Snow Crash, a science fiction published in 1992. In the work, the metaverse is a sort of 3D virtual world. It’s not simply a virtual reality game but is a persistent and shared virtual world. Or rather, the metaverse is a whole universe of shared virtual spaces seemingly linked together — you could, essentially, teleport (瞬移) between them.(“元宇宙”一词是由作家尼尔·斯蒂芬森在1992年出版的科幻小说《雪崩》中发明的。在这部作品中，元宇宙是一种3D虚拟世界。这不仅仅是一款虚拟现实游戏，而是一个持久和共享的虚拟世界。或者更确切地说，元宇宙是一个共享的虚拟空间的整个宇宙，似乎联系在一起——本质上，你可以在它们之间瞬移)”可推断，本段主要介绍了“元宇宙”一词的来源。故选C。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的“Those technologies will bring users to an interactive world. AR and VR are vital for Metaverse. VR serves to present the virtual world visually and then AR will provide the audio and sensors for people to be able to interact.(这些技术将把用户带入一个互动世界。AR和VR对“元宇宙”至关重要。VR是为了将虚拟世界视觉化呈现出来，而AR则为人们提供音频和传感器使人们能够互动)”可知，“元宇宙”为人们提供了深刻的互动体验。故选B。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Facebook said that it plans to create 10,000 jobs in Europe over the next five years to work on metaverse-related endeavours (活动).(脸书说，它计划在欧洲创造10000个就业机会在未来五年致力于与元宇宙有关的活动)”和“Over time, I hope that we are seen as a metaverse company and I want to anchor our work and our identity on what we’re building towards(随着时间推移，我希望我们被视为一家元宇宙公司，并打算将我们的工作和身份定位于我们正在构建的目标)”可推断，脸书将致力于发展元宇宙。故选D。
第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
I bet that your daily routine is probably something like mine, which is divided among seeing movies, streaming shopping videos and playing video games. All of these activities involve staring at a screen. ____16____. So I turned to psychology experts for their advice. Here’s what we can do.
Come Up With a Plan. You should first assess which parts of screen time make you unhappy. That could be reading the news or scrolling through social media apps. ____17____. You could set modest goals, such as a time limit of 20 minutes a day for reading news on weekends. If that works, shorten the time limit and make it a daily goal.
____18____. We need to recharge our phones overnight, but that doesn’t mean the devices need to be next to us while we sleep. Many studies have shown that people who keep phones in their bedrooms sleep more poorly. So you’d better have a charging station outside the bedroom. And we can create many no-phone zones outside our bedrooms. ____19____.
Resist the Hooks (诱惑). Tech companies employed many techniques to make us addicted to their products. For example, the recommended video can be played automatically to keep users engaged. What to do? We can tum off notifications (通知) for all apps except those that are necessary. ____20____. That said, we can remind ourselves that a lot of what we do online doesn’t matter, and it’s the time that can be better spent elsewhere.
A. Create no-phone zones.
B. Not all screen time is bad.
C. Avoid charging phones overnight.
D. Remember, there has to be more to life than surfing the internet.
E. But too much screen time is harmful to our physical and mental health.
F. Then create a realistic plan to minimize consumption of those contents.
G. The dinner table, for example, is a good one for families to put phones away.
【答案】16. E 17. F 18. A 19. G 20. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些专家推荐的可以减少屏幕时间的方法。
【16题详解】
根据上文“All of these activities involve staring at a screen.(所有这些活动都需要盯着屏幕。)”和下文“So I turned to psychology experts for their advice.(所以我向心理学专家寻求建议。)”可知，看屏幕太久对健康不利。E项中的“too much screen time ”和上文的“staring at a screen”对应。E项：But too much screen time is harmful to our physical and mental health.(但是太多的屏幕时间对我们的身心健康有害。)符合语境。故选E。
【17题详解】
根据段落小标题“Come Up With a Plan (想出一个计划。)”可知，本段的关键词是“plan”。F项：Then create a realistic plan to minimize consumption of those contents.(然后制定一个切实可行的计划，尽量减少这些内容的消耗。)符合语境。故选F。
【18题详解】
空处为段落主题句。根据下文“So you’d better have a charging station outside the bedroom. And we can create many no-phone zones outside our bedrooms.(所以你最好在卧室外面有一个充电站。我们还可以在卧室之外创建许多无手机区域。)”可知，本段主要强调建立无电话区域。A项中的“no-phone zones ”和下文“create many no-phone zones”对应。A项：Create no-phone zones.(创建无电话区域。)符合语境。故选A。
【19题详解】
根据上文“And we can create many no-phone zones outside our bedrooms.(我们还可以在卧室之外创建许多无手机区域。)”可知，上文提到创建许多无手机区域，空处列举具体可以创建的区域。G项：The dinner table, for example, is a good one for families to put phones away.(例如，餐桌是一个家庭把手机放在一边的好地方。)符合语境。故选G。
【20题详解】
下文“That said, we can remind ourselves that a lot of what we do online doesn’t matter, and it’s the time that can be better spent elsewhere.(也就是说，我们可以提醒自己，我们在网上做的很多事情都不重要，我们可以把时间更好地花在其他地方。)对空处进行补充说明，提醒我们生活中有比上网更重要的事情。D项：Remember, there has to be more to life than surfing the internet.(记住，生活中一定有比上网更重要的事情。)符合语境。故选D。
第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节 完形填空(共20小题；每小题1. 5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
One day a professor entered the classroom and asked his students to prepare for a surprise test. They ___21___ anxiously at their desks. The professor handed out the ___22___ with the text facing downwards.
Once he handed them all out, he asked his students to ___23___ the page and begin. To everyone’s ___24___ ，there were no questions - just a ___25___ in the center of the page. The professor thoroughly read through everyone’s ___26___ expressions and said, “I want you to write what you ___27___ there.”
At the end of the class, the professor took all the papers and started reading each one of them aloud in front of the students. All of them ___28___ the black dot. After all had been ___29___， the professor explained:
“I just wanted to give you something to ____30____. No one wrote about the ____31____ part of the paper. Everyone focused on the black dot - and the same ____32____ in our lives. This is exactly what we ____33____ to do. We have a white paper to hold onto and enjoy, but we are so busy ____34____ on the dark spots. Life is a special gift, and we will always have reasons to ____35____.”
And yet we insist on focusing only on the dark spots - problems with family members or friends, issues that are____36____ us, the money that we need to have and so on.
You need to ____37____ that the dark spots are very ____38____. Take your eyes ____39____ the black spots in your life.____40____ each one of your blessings and each moment that life gives you.
21. A. talked B. waited C. stood D. prepared
22. A. books B. gifts C. cards D. papers
23. A. turn B. check C. fold D. cover
24. A. delight B. surprise C. relief D. disappointment
25. A. question mark B. smiley face C. black dot D. small circle
26. A. embarrassed B. annoyed C. confused D. excited
27. A. see B. imagine C. like D. expect
28. A. ignored B. painted C. described D. decorated
29. A. collected B. graded C. introduced D. read
30. A. think about B. refer to C. hand out D. take along
31. A. upper B. bottom C. important D. white
32. A. develops B. works C. continues D. happens
33. A. tend B. want C. plan D. wish
34. A. relying B. concentrating C. trying D. passing
35. A. celebrate B. practice C. improve D. compete
36. A. attracting B. changing C. guiding D. bothering
37. A. pretend B. admit C. realize D. suppose
38. A. boring B. small C. useful D. weak
39. A. across B. through C. away from D. back to
40 A. Accept B. Enjoy C. Examine D. Trust
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A 24. B 25. C 26. C 27. A 28. C 29. D 30. A 31. D 32. D 33. A 34. B 35. A 36. D 37. C 38. B 39. C 40. B
【解析】
【导语】本篇是一篇夹叙夹议。通过教授的一场考试来探讨生活。我们应该集中注意力在生活美好的事情上，而不是盯着不好的事情不放。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们在座位上焦急地等待着。A. talked谈话；B. waited等待；C. stood站立；D. prepared准备。根据前文“One day a professor entered the classroom and asked his students to prepare for a surprise test. ”（有一天，一位教授进入教师，告诉学生们准备一场惊喜测试。）可知，教授让学生们准备考试，那么学生现在要做的肯定是等教授发试卷，故选B。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：教授把带有文本的一面朝下发给学生们。A. books书本；B. gifts礼物；C. cards卡片；D. papers试题。根据下文“the professor took all the papers”（教授收回了所有的考卷）可知，教授发下去的试卷，故选D。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：教授一发完，就告诉学生们翻过来考卷开始作答。A. turn翻转；B. check检查；C. fold折叠；D. cover覆盖。根据前文“The professor handed out the papers with the text facing downwards.”（教授把带有文本的一面朝下发给学生们。）可知，学生开始作答需要先把试卷翻过来，故选A。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：令学生们惊讶的是，试卷上没有问题，只有一块黑点。A. delight高兴；B. surprise惊讶；C. relief安慰；D. disappointment失望。根据本句“there were no questions”（试卷没有问题）可知，正常的试卷肯定是有问题的，没有问题肯定很惊讶；再根据“One day a professor entered the classroom and asked his students to prepare for a surprise test. ”（有一天，一位教授进入教师，告诉学生们准备一场惊喜测试。）可知，这就是一场惊喜测试，故选B。
【25题详解】
考查名词短语词义辨析。句意：令学生们惊讶的是，试卷上没有问题——只有一块黑点。A. question mark问号；B. smiley face笑脸；C. black dot黑点；D. small circle小圆圈。根据下文“Everyone focused on the black dot”（每个人都集中注意力在黑点上）可知，试卷纸上没有问题，只有一块黑点，故选C。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：教授完全明白每个学生困惑的表情，然后说到：“我想让你们写下来你们所看到的”。A. embarrassed尴尬的；B. annoyed生气的；C. confused困惑的；D. excited激动的。根据前文“to everyone’s surprise”（另所有人惊讶的是）可知，学生们对于这份考卷很吃惊，不知道该怎么答，故选C。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：教授完全明白每个学生困惑的表情，然后说到：“我想让你们写下来你们所看到的”。A. see看见；B. imagine想象；C. like喜欢；D. expect期待。根据上文可知，试卷上有的就是black dot（黑点），所以教授肯定是让学生们写看到的东西，故选A。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：所有人描述的都是黑点。A. ignored忽略；B. painted画画；C. described描述；D. decorated装饰。根据上文“I want you to write what you see here”（我想要你们写下来你们看到的）可知，教授布置的任务是写下来自己看到的，学生们就看到了黑点，所以肯定是对黑点进行描述；再根据“started reading each one of them”（开始读每一份试卷）可知，试卷上一定是文字描述的，要不没有办法读，故选C。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在所有人都被读完之后，教授开始解释。A. collected收集；B. graded给……分等级；C. introduced介绍；D. read读。根据前文“started reading each one of them”（开始读每一份试卷）可知，此处指教授读完所有试卷，故选D。
【30题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我只是想让你们思考一些事情。A. think about考虑；B. refer to查阅；指的是；C. hand out递交；D. take along随身携带。根据“Everyone focused on the black dot - and the same happens in our lives”（每个人都集中在黑点上，就和我们在生活中发生的一样。）可知，通过这次测试，教授想告诉学生们生活中的一个道理，所以是进行思考，故选A。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：没有人写关于纸的白色的部分。A. upper上层的；B. bottom底部的；C. important重要的；D. white白色的。根据“Everyone focused on the black dot”（每个人都集中在黑点上）可知，学生们都集中注意力在黑点上，纸的其他部分没有注意，也就是纸的白色部分，故选D。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：每个人都集中在黑点上，就和我们在生活中发生的一样。A. develops发展；B. works工作；C. continues继续；D. happens发生。根据“Everyone focused on the black dot”（每个人都集中在黑点上）可知，在教授的测试中，学生们都是描述的黑点，same（相同的）表示我们在生活中也是一样的，也就是这种事情也会发生在生活中。故选D。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这确实就是我们趋于做的事情。A. tend趋向；B. want想要；C. plan计划；D. wish希望。根据“We have a white paper to hold onto and enjoy, but we are so busy concentrating on the dark spots.”（我们有一张白纸抓在手中去欣赏，但是我们都忙于集中注意力在黑暗的部分。）可知，在生活中我们都会有这种趋势去做事情；再根据“the same happens in our lives”（在我们生活中发生的一样）进一步确定，在生活中很多人都会集中注意力在黑暗部分上，故选A。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们有一张白纸抓在手中去欣赏，但是我们都忙于集中注意力在黑暗部分。A. relying依赖；B. concentrating集中；C. trying尝试；D. passing通过。根据下文“we insist on focusing only on the dark spots”（我们坚持把注意力集中在黑暗部分）可知，我们的注意力都集中在黑暗部分了，这里的concentrate on与focus on意思一致，故选B。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：生活是一个独特的礼物，我们一直有理由去庆祝它。A. celebrate庆祝；B. practice实践；C. improve提高；D. compete竞争。根据本句“Life is a special gift”（生活是一个独特的礼物）可知，对于礼物我们肯定没有理由不去高兴，这里celebrate（庆祝）表达意思一致，故选A。
【36题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，我们依旧把注意力集中在黑暗的部分——家庭成员或者朋友的问题，干扰我们的事情，我们所需要的钱等等。A. attracting吸引；B. changing改变；C. guiding指导；D. bothering打扰。根据本句“we insist on focusing only on the dark spots - problems with family members or friends”（我们依旧把注意力集中在黑暗的部分——家庭成员或者朋友的问题）可知，这里讲的就是黑暗的部分，也就是生活中的问题，多以这里的issues（问题）肯定是对我们不好的，故选D。
【37题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：你需要意识到黑暗的部分是很小的。A. pretend假装；B. admit承认；C. realize意识到；D. suppose推测。根据前文“ just a black dot in the center of the page.”（仅仅在纸的中心出有一块黑点）课推测，纸的中心部分肯定不是很大的地方，也就是说黑点其实不大，所以我们应该明白这一点，不要把注意力都集中在黑点上。realize（意识到）与想说的意思一致，故选C。
【38题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你需要意识到黑暗的部分是很小的。A. boring无聊的；B. small小的；C. useful有用的；D. weak虚弱的。根据前文“ just a black dot in the center of the page.”（仅仅在纸的中心处有一块黑点）可推测，纸的中心部分肯定不是很大的地方，也就是说黑点其实不大，故选B。
【39题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：让你的眼睛远离生活中黑暗的部分。A. across穿过；B. through穿过；C. away from离开；D. back to返回。根据前文“Life is a special gift”（生活是一个独特的礼物）可知，我们对于礼物应该感到高兴，而不是去盯着那些很少的不好的东西不放，所以应该远离那些不好的，多集中注意力在好的事情上，故选C。
【40题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：享受生活带给你的每一个祝福和每一个时刻。A. Accept接受；B. Enjoy享受；C. Examine检查；D. Trust信任。根据本句“each one of your blessings and each moment that life gives you”（生活带给你的每一个祝福和每一个时刻）可知，这些美好的事情肯定应该是去庆祝，去享受的，故选B。
第二节 语法填空 (共10小题; 每小题1. 5分，满分15分)
语法填空
A drama series named "Medal of the Republic" has aroused___41___(enthusiasm) discussion on Chinese social media. The series tells heart-warming stories about the first group of eight recipients of the Medal of the Republic, the country's___42___(high) honor for those who have made great contributions ___43___ the development of the People's Republic of China.
According to the series' chief director Zheng Xiaolong,___44___(compare) to most biopic(传记片) productions that tend to document the whole life of the featured individual, this series focuses___45___(specific) on the individuals' most shining moments.
The episode(集) on Li Yannian(李延年), a soldier of Chinese People's Volunteer Army, focuses on the battlefield during the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea. With his ___46___(brave) and wisdom, Li and his fellow soldiers retook a strategic highland and fulfilled their mission.
In the episode on nuclear physicist Yu Min(于敏), ___47___ is regarded as the "father of China's hydrogen bomb," viewers can see how he overcamedifficulties ___48___ made breakthroughs in hydrogen bomb research after several months of undertaking complex calculations.
In the episode on Nobel Prize winner Tu Youyou(屠呦呦), you learn about her efforts to develop a medicine which___49___(use) to treat malaria(疟疾). Her breakthrough has saved millions of lives, especially in developing____50____(country).
【答案】41. enthusiastic
42. highest
43. to 44. compared
45. specifically
46. bravery
47. who 48. and
49. is used
50. countries
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一部名为《共和国勋章》的电视剧在中国社交媒体上引起了热烈的讨论。该系列讲述了共和国奖章的第一批八名获得者的感人故事，这是国家对那些为中华人民共和国的发展做出巨大贡献的人的最高荣誉。影视导演还对剧情里的几个人物的巨大贡献进行了简单的介绍。
41题详解】
考查形容词。句意：一部名为《共和国勋章》的电视剧在中国社交媒体上引起了热烈讨论。分析句子结构，此处修饰后面名词discussion，作前置定语，enthusiastic热烈的，符合题意。故填enthusiastic。
【42题详解】
考查形容词。句意：该系列讲述了共和国勋章的第一批八名获得者的感人故事，共和国勋章是国家对那些为中华人民共和国的发展做出巨大贡献的人的最高荣誉。根据前面定冠词the和句意可知，此处表达“最高荣誉”，用形容词最高级形式。故填highest。
【43题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：该系列讲述了共和国勋章的第一批八名获得者的感人故事，共和国勋章是国家对那些为中华人民共和国的发展做出巨大贡献的人的最高荣誉。Make great contributions to sth.为…做出巨大贡献，固定搭配，to为介词。故填to。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：据该系列片的总导演郑小龙说，与大多数传记片相比，该系列作品倾向于记录人物的整个生活，特别关注人物最精彩的时刻。分析句子结构，compared to/with sth.作状语，动词compare位于句首、且其后直接接介词to/with一般用过去分词形式。故填compared。
【45题详解】
考查副词。句意：据该系列片的总导演郑小龙说，与大多数传记片相比，该系列作品倾向于记录人物的整个生活，特别关注人物最精彩的时刻。此处修饰前面动词focuses作状语，用副词形式。故填specifically。
【46题详解】
考查名词。句意：凭借他的勇气和智慧，李和他的战友们重新登上了战略高地，完成了他们的使命。分析句子结构，介词with接名词作宾语，结合前面his与and wisdom，可知用brave名词形式，bravery勇气。故填bravery。
【47题详解】
考查非限制性定语从句。句意：在核物理学家于敏的一集里, 被称为"中国氢弹之父"的他, 经过数月的复杂计算, 观众可以看到他如何克服困难, 在氢弹研究上取得突破。分析句子结构，此句为非限制性定语从句，先行词Yu Min在从句作“is regarded as the "father of China's hydrogen bomb”作主语，先行词指人用关系代词who引导。故填who。
【48题详解】
考查连词。句意：在核物理学家于敏的一集里, 被称为"中国氢弹之父"的他, 经过数月的复杂计算, 观众可以看到他如何克服困难, 在氢弹研究上取得突破。分析句子结构和句意，可知前文overcame difficulties与后文made breakthroughs in hydrogen bomb research构成并列关系，用连词and。故填and。
【49题详解】
考查动词。句意：在关于诺贝尔奖获得者屠呦呦的插曲中, 你了解到她努力开发一种用于治疗疟疾的药物。分析句子结构，此句为定语从句，先行词a medicine在从句作主语，结合上下文动词时态，用一般现在时态，is used to被用于做某事，符合题意。故填is used。
【50题详解】
考查名词。句意：她的突破拯救了数百万人的生命，特别是在发展中国家。根据语意和常识，developing countries发展中国家，此处表达“许多发展中国家”，用可数名词country的复数形式。故填countries。
第三部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加: 在缺词处加一个漏字符号(^)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除: 把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改: 在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意: 1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Last week, our class holds a discussion about that a family should own a car or not. Here are the results. Many students think it’s necessary for a family to owning a car because it’s convenient, fast or comfortable. With a car, family member can go to many places together at any time. A car is especially important when a family faces emergencies. On contrary, some students think that buying a car is unnecessary for a family. A family has to pay a lot of to keep a car in good condition. Beside, parking cars can be really annoyed. In my opinion, a family should think careful before buying a car.
【答案】1.holds→held
2.that→whether
3.owning→own
4.or→and
5.member→members
6.在on后加the
7.删除of
8.Beside改为Besides
9.annoyed→annoying
10.careful→carefully
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章介绍了作者所在班级在上周举行了一场关于一个家庭是否应该拥有汽车的讨论。
【详解】1.考查动词时态。句意：上周，我们班就一个家庭是否应该拥有汽车进行了讨论。根据Last week，可知此处谓语动词hold用一般过去时态。故将holds改为held。
2.考查宾语从句。句意：上周，我们班就一个家庭是否应该拥有汽车进行了讨论。分析句子结构，此句为宾语从句，根据or not，可知用连接词whether“是否”，引导宾语从句。故将that 改为whether。
3.考查非谓语动词。句意：许多学生认为一个家庭拥有一辆汽车是必要的，因为它方便、快捷、舒适。分析句子结构，此句为it作形式主语，不定式to加动词原形作真正主语，to own符合题意。故将owning改为own。
4.考查连词。句意：许多学生认为一个家庭拥有一辆汽车是必要的，因为它方便、快捷、舒适。根据句意，此处表达“因为它方便、快捷、舒适”，构成并列关系，用连词and连接。故将or改为and。
5.考查名词单复数。句意：有了车，家人可以随时一起去很多地方。根据常识和family家人，后面名词member应该用复数形式。故将member改为members。
6.考查固定搭配。句意：相反，一些学生认为买车对一个家庭来说是没有必要的。on the contrary相反，固定搭配。故在on后加the。
7.考查介词。句意：一个家庭要花很多钱才能使汽车保持良好状态。分析句子结构，a lot of后应加名词，此处没有名词，可知此处用a lot作动词pay的宾语，表示“很多钱”，所以此处介词of是多余的。故将of删除。
8.考查副词。句意：此外，停车真的很烦人。根据句意，可知此处表达“此外”，用连词副词besides。故将Beside改为Besides。
9.考查形容词。句意：此外，停车真的很烦人。此处修饰主语parking cars，指物，用annoying“令人烦恼的”，作表语，符合题意。故将annoyed改为annoying。
10.考查副词。句意：在我看来，一个家庭在买车之前应该仔细考虑。分析句子结构，此处修饰前面动词think，用副词形式作状语，carefully仔细地。故将careful改为carefully。
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
52. 假定你是李华，你校英文报向你约稿。请你写一篇关于你校5月4日举行的室内“五四”表彰活动的新闻报道，要点如下：
1. 活动的目的；
2. 活动的内容（如室内升旗仪式，受表彰学生代表发言等）；
3. 对此次活动的评价。
注意：1. 词数100左右，开头已为你写好；
2. 可适当增加细节以使行文连贯；
3. 参考词汇：疫情 epidemic 五四运动 the May Fourth Movement
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【答案】On May fourth, in memory of the May Fourth Movement, an indoor commending ceremony was broadcast live in our school.
In the morning, our school held an awarding ceremony indoors. It began with the solemn flag-raising ceremony, followed by speech from our beloved principal who emphasized the importance of following the spirits of the May Fourth Movement-patriotism, progress, democracy and science. Then 20 students were commended for their outstanding academic performance and selfless contributions. This activity was concluded with students taking vows in each class.
This activity was highly spoken of by students, for it motivated them to strive for their dreams while braving all the uncertainties.
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇提纲类写作。
【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，假定你是李华，你校英文报向你约稿。请你写一篇关于你校5月4日举行的室内“五四”表彰活动的新闻报道，要点如下：1. 活动的目的；2. 活动的内容（如室内升旗仪式，受表彰学生代表发言等）；3. 对此次活动的评价。
第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组）：epidemic (疫情)；the May Fourth Movement (疫情五四运动)；in memory of (为纪念)；awarding ceremony (表彰仪式)；begin with (开始)等。
第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。此处文章主要应用一般过去时。
第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。
【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，如It began with the solemn flag-raising ceremony, followed by speech from our beloved principal who emphasized the importance of following the spirits of the May Fourth Movement-patriotism, progress, democracy and science.运用了定语从句；This activity was highly spoken of by students, for it motivated them to strive for their dreams while braving all the uncertainties.运用了原因状语从句。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。