高考英语一轮总复习专题练习30 Unit 4 adversity and courage 新人教版选择性必修第三册

选择性必修第三册　UNIT 4　ADVERSITY AND COURAGE

Ⅰ.完形填空

(2022·广西名校摸底联考)

Alison Malmon was a freshman when she got a call from her mother: Her fun, outgoing older brother, Brian, had taken his own __1.A__.

When Malmon returned to school after Brian’s funeral that spring of 2000, she was still __2.B__.But when she looked for help on campus, there was nobody to __3.D__. Back then, said Malmon, “Students weren’t encouraged to talk about their worries about __4.C__.I started reflecting on the fact that there was a great need to give help.”

She was only 19 and had no experience with mental health issues, but that didn’t __5.B__ her from launching Open Minds at Penn. Now, 20 years later and with a new name —Active Minds —it is the largest young adult mental health advocacy __6.C__ in America. “What I’m most inspired by is that my generation and the generations coming behind me are taking on mental health as a social justice __7.D__，”says Malmon. “Our tools are changing not only their campuses, but they’re __8.B__ their families too.”

Active Minds’ techniques are more vital than ever. A survey found that 45 percent of the students reported feeling so __9.B__ in the previous months that it was difficult to function; 66 percent felt overwhelming anxiety; and 13 percent __10.D__ considered suicide.

Malmon’s goal has always been to __11.A__ the prejudice against mental illness，the language and even the word we use to talk about it. __12.A__ the word “suicide” for example. You don’t say “commit a heart attack or cancer”， but you will say “commit suicide”. “Suicide is the only death where we use that pejorative(贬损的) word，” she says. “If we take that __13.B__ out of our conversation, we can make significant changes in how we __14.C__ suicide. If we change, we can give the people the __15.D__ they reach out for.”

语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了一名名叫Alison Malmon的女生在大一时，因痛失自己挚爱的哥哥而产生了心理问题，但却没能得到帮助。由于这样的经历，她决定建立Open Minds来帮助需要心理援助的人们。后来这个组织发展壮大，改名为Active Minds。

1．A.life　　　　　　　　　 B．business

C．opportunity　 D．decision

解析：考查语境推断。根据第二段中的“When Malmon returned to school after Brian’s funeral that spring of 2000”可知，Malmon参加了哥哥的葬礼，由此可推知哥哥自杀了，即结束了自己的生命。故选A。

2．A.in high spirits　 B．in deep sorrow

C．at risk　 D．at rest

解析：考查常识推断。根据空前信息可知，哥哥自杀了，推断Malmon仍处于悲痛之中。故选B。

3．A.pick up　 B．take over

C．show off　 D．turn to

解析：考查语境推断。根据上文中的“But when she looked for help on campus”可知，Malmon想寻求帮助，却没有人帮她。turn to向……求助。A项意为“营救”；B项意为“接管”；C项意为“炫耀”。故选D。

4．A.financial issues　 B．academic learning

C．mental health　 D．physical health

解析：考查语境推断。根据第三段首句“She was only 19 and had no experience with mental health issues”可知，此处应是学校里的学生不被鼓励去谈论自己的心理健康问题。C项意为“心理健康”。故选C。

5．A.ban　 B．stop

C．protect　 D．defend

解析：考查语境推断。stop sb. from doing sth.阻止某人做某事。根据空前but的转折关系可知，虽然没有经验却不能阻止她创办Open Minds的决心。故选B。

6．A.corporation　 B．branch

C．organization　 D．institute

解析：考查语境推断。根据上文可知，20年后，Open Minds发展成为美国最大的青年心理健康倡导组织。A项意为“公司”；B项意为“分支”；C项意为“组织”；D项意为“机构”。故选C。

7．A.focus　 B．practice

C．responsibility　 D．issue

解析：考查常识推断。句意：我最受启发的是，我们这一代和我身后的几代人正在把心理健康作为一个社会正义问题来看待。A项意为“集中”；B项意为“练习”；C项意为“责任”；D项意为“问题”。故选D。

8．A.challenging　 B．changing

C．connecting　 D．ruining

解析：考查语境推断。根据not only...but(also)．..句型结构以及此句末的too可知，此处的they 指代Our tools，故此空谓语动词和上句一致。故选B。

9．A.confused　 B．depressed

C．relieved　 D．satisfied

解析：考查语境推断。根据下文中的“it was difficult to function”以及“overwhelming anxiety”和“considered suicide”可知，此处表示抑郁。A项意为“迷惑的”；B项意为“抑郁的”；C项意为“感到宽慰的”；D项意为“满足的”。故选B。

10．A.partly　 B．totally

C．slightly　 D．seriously

解析：考查语境推断。此处意为13%的人认真考虑过自杀。故选D。

11．A.remove　 B．ignore

C．understand　 D．advocate

解析：考查语境推断。根据下文可知，Malmon的目标是消除对心理疾病的偏见。A项意为“摆脱，清除”；B项意为“忽视”；C项意为“理解”；D项意为“提倡”。故选A。

12．A.Take　 B．Use

C．Choose　 D．Throw

解析：考查语境推断。下文举了例子来说明空前的句子，take...for example是固定短语，意为“以……为例”，故选A。

13．A.phrase　 B．word

C．sentence　 D．grammar

解析：考查语境推断。上文以单词“suicide”为例，故此处应是，我们如果把这个词从我们的对话中去掉，便可以在我们对自杀的看法上做出重大改变。故选B。

14．A.approve of　 B．give up

C．think about　 D．make out

解析：考查语境推断。参见上题解析。A项意为“赞成”；B项意为“放弃”；C项意为“思考”；D项意为“理解”。故选C。

15．A.confidence　 B．gratefulness

C．admiration　 D．assistance

解析：考查语境推断。根据上文可知，患有心理疾病的人需要帮助。此处表示如果我们改变了，我们能给予他们想要的帮助。A项意为“信心”；B项意为“感激”；C项意为“钦佩”；D项意为“帮助”。故选D。

Ⅱ.阅读理解

(2022·青岛市一模)

Everyone has heard the phrase，“giving up is not an option”. Many disregard it and do not believe in it. But this small yet effective phrase gives a strong message. There will always be something that interrupts or causes inconvenience in the journey to achieve the dreams. But that should not drive one away from the path that they are on. Fitting the context perfectly is the story of Ian William.

Popularly known as “The Social Golfer”， Ian William is an accountant, lecturer, author, and a former golf player. He dreamed of playing golf in childhood. He would often observe players playing from a distance. He worked hard and changed his financial limitations. Then he began practicing in various golf matches. Due to his devotion and love for the sport, he picked up the techniques quickly and soon began playing as a professional. He also dreamed of participating in the Senior Golf Tour in the coming year.

However, in 1996, Ian was diagnosed with a tumor (肿瘤) in the left part of his brain, which affected his hearing from the right side and damaged his balance nerve. He underwent two operations in 1997 with a smile and a hope to be cured. Although the operations were successful, Ian caught meningitis(脑膜炎) while recovering from it. Apart from being hopeful and optimistic, there was no other way Ian could cope with the situation.

Just as things had begun to normalize, in 2006, Ian’s body was affected by a major stroke (中风)．This stroke numbed the left side of his body. His lifelong dream of participating in a golf tournament could not be fulfilled anymore.

Ian took his time to recover and came back even stronger.He wanted to inspire millions with his journey and decided to share his experiences through a book. Ian has now published his 3rd book Still Crazy After All These Years in 2020.

语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了伊恩·威廉从小喜欢高尔夫球，并通过自己的努力很快开始作为一名职业球员打球。不幸的是，他被诊断出患有脑瘤，之后还经历了中风，但这些都没有打败威廉，他充满希望并且保持乐观的心态，慢慢地恢复了健康，还把自己的经历写成了书来激励他人。

1．What does the underlined word “that” in Paragraph 1 refer to？__C__

A．The option.　　　　　　 B．The message.

C．The barrier.　 D．The dream.

解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词上文中的“There will always be something that interrupts or causes inconvenience in the journey to achieve the dreams.”以及画线词后的“should not drive one away from the path that they are on”可知，在实现梦想的过程中，总会被一些事情打断或经历一些麻烦，但这些障碍不应该使人偏离他们所走的路，画线词指代上文中的“something that interrupts or causes inconvenience”，即that指的是“障碍”。故选C。

2．What can we infer from Paragraph 2？__B__

A．William showed talent in golf as a child.

B．The lack of money prevented him practicing golf at an early age.

C．William’s road to becoming a professional golfer was smooth.

D．Talent and ambition made William learn quickly.

解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“He dreamed of playing golf in childhood. He would often observe players playing from a distance. He worked hard and changed his financial limitations.”可知，由于缺钱，他没办法从小练习高尔夫球。故选B。

3．Which of the following helps William face the illnesses according to the passage？__D__

A．Doctors’ comfort.　 B．Family’s support.

C．Advice from the books.　 D．Hope and optimism.

解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中“Apart from being hopeful and optimistic, there was no other way Ian could cope with the situation.”可知，是希望和乐观帮助威廉坚强面对疾病。故选D。

4．What can we learn from William’s story？__A__

A．Move forward whatever happens.

B．Love wins over illness.

C．Seize every opportunity to learn.

D．Luck favors ready minds.

解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“There will always be something that interrupts or causes inconvenience in the journey to achieve the dreams. But that should not drive one away from the path that they are on. Fitting the context perfectly is the story of Ian William.”并结合文章主要内容可知，我们可以从威廉的故事中学到“无论发生什么，都要向前走。”的道理。故选A。

Ⅲ.读后续写

(2021·山东泰安市高三期末)

Several years ago, I traveled by train to Stockholm.I was visiting two friends who were to meet me at the train station.I stood there waiting for my first friend to arrive and in the midst of all the hurrying passengers that Friday afternoon, I heard a weak voice; it sounded like a question.I turned and saw a young man standing with a white cane (拐杖), his suitcase by his feet.I approached and asked，“Do you need help？”“Yes，”he replied，nodding his head, appearing relieved.

He had been trying for some time, unsuccessfully, to get someone’s attention.He had missed his train home.His cell phone battery was dead, and he needed to call his mother to tell her of the circumstances.

This young man named Mustafa, I found out, had just completed his first week at a school for the blind.He went to school on Mondays and returned home on Fridays.Of course I helped him call his mother.I did not understand what he spoke with her on my cell phone, but I could tell the language was Swedish.Of course the next problem was finding the right train home and telling his mother the new arrival time.Yet in this disordered train station, I did not want to miss connecting with my friend Bogdan who was on his way to the spot where we were standing.

Before I could dial the number to call Bogdan, he was suddenly already there.I described the problem and Bogdan took the young man’s arm and we were off on our adventure to help get Mustafa home.While sorting out where his home was, what train, and what time, my second friend Marcello called and wondered where we were.Soon he joined us.It happened that Marcello speaks 12 languages.

注意：1.续写词数应为150 左右；

2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Marcello’s gift in language was a great advantage.__________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

Now we were leading Mustafa to his train. _____________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

参考范文：

Marcello’s gift in language was a great advantage. Now we could talk with Mustafa more effectively, learning about more information about him.Later, Marcello called Mustafa’s mother in Swedish.We told her not to worry about her son.We also told her that her son had missed his train so we helped him choose another train.In the end, we let Mustafa talk with his mother on the phone.He was grateful for our help and told his mother the time of his arrival.

Now we were leading Mustafa to his train. And we set off to find the train platform.Then it was time to help him get on the train, and it’s best to find a seat with someone who could look after Mustafa and help him get off the train.Unexpectedly, a woman on the train suddenly recognized Mustafa.It turned out that she was a teacher at his school, and Mustafa was just her student.What a coincidence! That was the end of our adventure.