广西专用2022年高考英语一轮复习考点规范练17含解析新人教版

考点规范练17

Ⅰ.阅读理解

(2021·广西北海一模)

Russia’s Soyuz spacecraft,which has been transporting all astronauts to and from the International Space Station(ISS) since 2011,typically carries a crew of three.However,the MS-14 capsule launched (发射) from a Russian spaceport in southern Kazakhstan on August 22,2021,had just one passenger—a human-like robot named Skybot F-850.

The robot is the latest version of Russia’s FEDORrobots,which were initially designed to help with search and rescue efforts.Skybot is good at many human skills,including driving a car,having short conversations,and even telling jokes.But since it lacks some special skills,the spacecraft to the ISS was piloted from the ground by scientists from Russia’s space agency,Roscosmos.

The six-foot-tall,350-pound robot had another important task while on board.Without risking the lives of human astronauts,it helped Roscosmos researchers test the safety and flight experience of the new Soyuz-2.1,a carrier rocket,which carried the spacecraft into orbit.The feedback (反馈) will be important in determining if the rocket is safe to transport future human crews to space.

Though the launch into orbit went smoothly,Skybot’s arrival at the ISS was delayed by three days,from August 24 to August 27.The delay didn’t seem to bother the robot,which announced its arrival,“Sorry about the delay.Met with traffic.Ready to work now.”

Skybot’s two-week task is largely a test to measure its ability to work effectively in microgravity,and includes simple tasks like using tools.If all goes well,Russia hopes to send more advanced versions of the FEDOR robots to help astronauts with special tasks.

Earlier this year,the US space agency launched two little robots called Astrobees to help astronauts with daily chores,like finding lost pieces of equipment.Meanwhile,the European Space Agency’s social AI-powered CIMON spent a year assisting astronauts,before returning to Earth on August 27,2021.

1.What is Skybot F-850 unable to do?

A.Drive a vehicle like humans.

B.Conduct short conversations.

C.Say something funny to people.

D.Pilot the spacecraft to the ISS.

2.How long did it take Skybot F-850 to fly to the ISS?

A.Two days.　　 B.Three days.

C.Five days. D.Fourteen days.

3.We infer from the text that Skybot　　　. 

A.is bound to take the place of human crews

B.isn’t the first robot to help at the space station

C.worked with two other robots to assist astronauts

D.was launched to measure its security and flexibility

4.Where is the text most likely from?

A.A science experiment.

B.A news report.

C.A technology guidebook.

D.A research paper.

Ⅱ.完形填空

(2019·浙江)

There are lots of ways to raise awareness for a cause.Usually,the　1　 the idea is,the more it gets noticed.And that’s precisely why one 　2　 Frenchman has caught our attention. 

Baptiste Dubanchet is biking across Europe,surviving　3　 on discarded(丢弃) food.The three-month,1,900-mile journey from Paris to Warsaw is Dubanchet’s　4　 of raising awareness of food waste in Europe and throughout the world. 

As you can 　5　,the trip is no piece of cake.While restaurants 　6　 tons of food each year,much of it remains inaccessible because of 　7　 garbage containers,healthregulations,or business policies.Only about one in ten places 　8　 him food that would otherwise be discarded.For legal 　9　,most restaurants have a policy against 　10　 food waste.“Some people have even 　11　 their jobs by giving me food,”Dubanchet said. 

What’s 　12　 interesting is the attitude various cities have toward Dubanchet’scause.Berlin has been the 　13　 while the most difficult was the Czech town of Pilsen.There,he had to 　14　 at some 50 different stores or restaurants before finding food.The　15　 is all the more serious when you consider the 　16　 exercise required to bike from France to Poland. 

“I have to get food 　17　 because after all the biking I am tired and I need the 　18　,”Dubanchetexplained.“Is my 　19　 full or empty?That is the most important thing,not what I am eating.” 

He aims to 　20　 his journey by mid-July.With any luck,he’ll turn a few more heads in the process. 

1.A.cleverer　 B.older

C.stranger D.simpler

2.A.garbage-eating B.sports-loving

C.food-wasting D.law-breaking

3.A.secretly B.finally

C.entirely D.probably

4.A.purpose B.way

C.opinion D.dream

5.A.observe B.imagine

C.suggest D.remember

6.A.store B.cook

C.shop for D.throw away

7.A.locked B.damaged

C.connected D.abandoned

8.A.bought B.offered

C.ordered D.sold

9.A.reasons B.rights

C.fees D.aids

10.A.begging for B.giving away

C.hiding D.causing

11.A.did B.kept

C.accepted D.risked

12.A.hardly B.usually

C.particularly D.merely

13.A.easiest B.nearest

C.biggest D.richest

14.A.work B.shout

C.ask D.jump

15.A.competition B.conversation

C.conflict D.challenge

16.A.adequate B.rewarding

C.demanding D.suitable

17.A.again B.alone

C.later D.fast

18.A.spirit B.energy

C.time D.effort

19.A.stomach B.hand

C.pocket D.basket

20.A.arrange B.restart

C.report D.finish

Ⅲ.语篇填空

(2018·全国Ⅱ)

Diets have changed in China — and so too has its top crop.Since2011,the country 1.　　　　　 (grow) more corn than rice.Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over 2.　　　　　　past 25 years,while rice has increased only 7 percent. 

A taste for meat is 3.　　　　　(actual) behind the change:An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens,pigs,andcattle.Another reason for corn’s rise:The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice 4.　　　　　　　　　(improve) water quality.Corn uses less water 5.　　　　　　 rice and creates less fertilizer(化肥) runoff.This switch has decreased 6.　　　　　　(pollute) in the country’s major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people. 

According to the World Bank,China accounts for about 30 percent of total 7.　　　　　　(globe) fertilizer consumption.The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005 — when the government 8.　　　　　　(start) a soil-testing program 9.　　　　　　　 gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers — and 2011,fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons.That prevented the emission(排放)of 51.8 million tons of carbon dioxide.China’s approach to protecting its environment while 10.　　　　　　(feed) its citizens “offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide,”says the bank’s JuergenVoegele. 

Ⅳ.短文改错

(2020·全国Ⅲ)

My mom is really concerning with the health of everyone in our families.In order to make surely all of us are in good health,and she makes specific plans for us.Forexample,everymorning,my dad has to have the bowl of egg soup while I had to eat an apple.My dad don’t like the soup and I don’t enjoy apples.I tell my mom that if we’re forced eat things,we may become ill.But he insists on us eating healthy food.Understanding her good intentions,I eat all the food what is provided by Mom with appreciation.

考点规范练17(必修4　Unit2)

Ⅰ.【解题导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。自2011年以来,俄罗斯的联盟号宇宙飞船一直在运送宇航员往返国际空间站,通常搭载三名宇航员。然而,2019年8月22日从哈萨克斯坦南部的俄罗斯航天发射场发射的MS-14太空舱只有一名乘客——一个名为SkybotF-850的人形机器人。

1.D　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Skybotisgoodatmanyhumanskills,includingdrivingacar,havingshortconversations,andeventellingjokes.Butsinceitlackssomespecialskills,thespacecrafttotheISSwaspilotedfromthegroundbyscientistsfromRussia’sspaceagency,Roscosmos.”可知,SkybotF-850无法导航太空飞船抵达国际空间站。故选D项。

2.C　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“However,theMS-14capsulelaunchedfromaRussianspaceportinsouthernKazakhstanonAugust22,2021,hadjustonepassenger—ahuman-likerobotnamedSkybotF-850.”及第四段中的“Thoughthelaunchintoorbitwentsmoothly,Skybot’sarrivalattheISSwasdelayedbythreedays,fromAugust24toAugust27.”可知,SkybotF-850飞行了五天才抵达国际空间站。故选C项。

3.B　推理判断题。根据最后两段,尤其是最后一段中的“Earlierthisyear,theUSspaceagencylaunchedtwolittlerobotscalledAstrobeestohelpastronautswithdailychores,likefindinglostpiecesofequipment.Meanwhile,theEuropeanSpaceAgency’ssocialAI-poweredCIMONspentayearassistingastronauts,beforereturningtoEarthonAugust27,2021”可知,今年的早些时候,美国航天局和欧洲航天局都发射了机器人到太空站协助宇航员。由此可推断,在太空站提供帮助的Skybot不是此类中的第一个。故选B项。

4.B　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Russia’sSoyuzspacecraft,whichhasbeentransportingallastronautstoandfromtheInternationalSpaceStation(ISS)since2011,typicallycarriesacrewofthree.However,theMS-14capsulelaunched(发射)fromaRussianspaceportinsouthernKazakhstanonAugust22,2021,hadjustonepassenger—ahuman-likerobotnamedSkybotF-850.”可推知,本文最有可能出自“新闻报道”。故选B项。

Ⅱ.【解题导语】本文是说明文。本文报道了一名法国人为提高欧洲甚至全世界人们对食物浪费的意识,在骑车环游欧洲时靠吃食物垃圾填饱肚子的事情。

1.C　根据第二段第一句中的“surviving　3　ondiscardedfood”可知,此处应填stranger,意为“想法越奇特,越能引起人们的注意”。 

2.A　根据第二段第一句提到的“discardedfood”可知,此处应填garbage-eating,意为“吃垃圾的”。

3.C　根据第三、四段讲述BaptisteDubanchet在旅行途中向餐馆要食物垃圾填饱肚子的艰辛可知,此处应选entirely,表示“完全靠丢弃的食物来生存”。

4.B　根据第一段第一句“Therearelotsofwaystoraiseawarenessforacause.”可知,此处应选way,意为“方法,方式”。

5.B　根据本段讲述这次旅程的不容易可知,此处应选imagine,表示“正如你所想象的那样,这次旅程不容易”。

6.D　根据本段第三句中的“foodthatwouldotherwisebediscarded”可知,应选择throwaway,表示“虽然每天餐馆要扔掉许多食物”。store“贮存”;cook“烹饪”;shopfor“购买”。

7.A　根据空前的“muchofitremainsinaccessible”可知,餐馆扔掉的大多数都很难要到。所以选locked,即扔掉的食物被放在“封闭的”容器里。

8.B　根据本段最后一句中的“givingmefood”可知,此处填offered,意为“给他提供要扔掉的食物”。

9.A　根据该空后的“mostrestaurantshaveapolicyagainst”可知,此处填reasons,意为“原因,理由”。

10.B　根据下一句中的“bygivingmefood”可知,此处应用givingaway,意为“赠送”。

11.D　根据上一句可知,大多数餐馆都有规定反对赠送食物,所以有些人冒着失去工作的风险给“我”食物,应填risked,意为“冒着……的风险”。

12.C　句意:特别有趣的是不同的城市对待Dubanchet的事业的态度。根据句意可知选C项。hardly“几乎不”;usually“通常”;particularly“尤其,特别地”;merely“仅仅,只”。

13.A　根据空后的“whilethemostdifficultwastheCzechtownofPilsen”可知,与themostdifficult形成对比的应是easiest。

14.C　向商店或餐馆索要食物,应用ask,意为“请求”。

15.D　此句继续讲述他索要食物垃圾填饱肚子的难度,应填challenge,意为“挑战”。词组allthemore意为“更加”。

16.C　句意:当你考虑到从法国骑自行车到波兰所需要的运动量时,这种挑战就更加严峻。此处填demanding,意为“要求高的;费力的”。

17.D　根据空后的“becauseafterallthebikingIamtired...”可知,此时应该需要快点获得食物。由此判断,此处填fast,意为“快地”。

18.B　根据空前的“afterallthebikingIamtired”可知,“我需要能量”。此处填energy,意为“能量”。

19.A　句意:我的胃是满的还是空的?根据下一句“Thatisthemostimportantthing,notwhatIameating.”可知,此处填stomach,意为“胃”。

20.D　根据第二段第一句“BaptisteDubanchetisbikingacrossEurope...”,可知他的旅行正在进行中。由此判断,此处填finish,表示“结束,完成”。

Ⅲ.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国的农作物——玉米的产量逐年增加的原因。种植玉米,不仅可以喂养牲畜,而且因为其生长过程浇水施肥较少,还可以减少对环境的污染,进而保护环境。

1.hasgrown　考查动词时态和主谓一致。根据该句中的时间状语“Since2011”可知,此处应用现在完成时,且该句的主语是“thecountry”,故谓语动词用单数形式。

2.the　考查冠词。根据句意可知,此处特指“过去的25年”,故应用定冠词the表示特指。

3.actually　考查副词。根据后文的介词短语“behindthechange”可知,此处应用actual的副词形式,故填actually。

4.toimprove　考查非谓语动词。此处是不定式做目的状语,故填toimprove。

5.than　考查连词。根据前面的less可知,此处是形容词的比较级,故缺少连接词than。

6.pollution　考查名词。根据空前的“decreased”可知,空处应该是名词做宾语,意思是“减少污染”,故填pollution。

7.global　考查形容词。此处fertilizerconsumption是名词词组,其前面需要用形容词修饰,故填globe的形容词形式。

8.started　考查动词的时态。根据句中的时间状语“between2005”可知,此处描述的是过去发生的事情,故用动词的过去式形式。

9.that/which　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,空处引导定语从句,且在从句中做主语,修饰先行词asoil-testingprogram,故填that或which。

10.feeding　考查特殊句式。whiledoingsth.“当做某事的时候”,它是whilesb.is/wasdoingsth.的省略形式,故此处应填feeding。

Ⅳ.　　My mom is really with the health of everyone in our .In order to make all of us are in good health,and she makes specific plans for us.Forexample,everymorning,my dad has to have bowl of egg soup while I to eat an apple.My dad like the soup and I don’t enjoy apples.I tell my mom that if we’re forced eat things,we may become ill.But insists on us eating healthy food.Understanding her good intentions,I eat all the food what is provided by Mom with appreciation.