Unit 1 What's the matter - 八年级英语下册单元重点知识点讲解及巩固练习（人教版,,含解析）

八年级下册Unit 1What’s the matter?知识点及练习（含答案）

一、生词讲解

1. matter n.问题；事情  v.有关系，要紧

1）询问某人患了何种疾病/遇到了何种困难：

①　what’s the matter (with sb)?

②　What's the trouble (with sb)? 

③　What's wrong (with sb)?

④　what happened(to sb)?

注意：trouble /matter是名词，前可以加the 或形容词性物主代词，但wrong 为adj，不可以加

2）We have more important matters to think about我们还有更重要的事情去思考

3）It doesn’t matter.没关系

Mr Brown has a fever.  (对画线部分提问)

________   ________   _______   _______   ________?

2. sore adj疼痛的，酸痛的

My legs .我腿疼。

I have a .我嗓子疼。

3. have a cold

1)病痛的表达：  have a +病痛患某种病

have a fever

have a sore throat

have a headache 

have a stomachache

have a cough

2)身体部位+ache表示某一种病痛:

tooth+ache：toothache 牙痛
 head+ache： headache 头痛
stomach+ache：stomachache 胃痛
back+ache：backache 背痛，腰痛

3)have a sore+部位  ...痛

have a sore throat/back

4. lie v.躺；平躺；位于

过去式lay  过去分词lain

v.撒谎 lie---lied---lied

n.谎言 tell a lie

lie down

e.g.The little girl________ to her mother that she ______ on the bed all day.

5. rest v&n放松休息;剩余部分

have/take a rest =take a break=take breaks=rest

You should finish the rest of your meal.

6. hurt v.(使)疼痛；受伤

hurt-hurt-hurt

hurt oneself伤到自己

eg.Jack hurt himself with a knife.(变否定句)

eg.My  leg hurts.

7. off adv&prep离开；不工作；从...中去掉

get off 下车  get on 上车   cut off 切除

put off 推迟  take off 起飞   turn off 关闭

8. surprise  v. 使吃惊→ surprise sb使某人吃惊eg. The bad news surprised me.

    adj.  surprising  令人吃惊的（主语是物）

    adj.   surprised  吃惊的（主语是人）

①　be surprised at sth对……感到吃惊

②　be surprised to do sth. 做某事而感到惊讶

③　be surprised + that从句因...而惊讶

④　to one’s surprise 使某人吃惊的是

⑤　in surprise 吃惊地

①__________________(使我吃惊的是），he got the first prize in the exam.

②We are ____________at the _____________news.(surprise)

9. trouble un问题，苦恼

1）相关短语

①　have  trouble/difficulty/problems  in  doing  sth在做某事上有困难

②　have  trouble/difficulty/problems  with  sth

③　be in trouble 处于困境中

 e.g.Now he is in trouble, we should go all out to help him.

④　be out of trouble  摆脱困境

2）v.使烦恼

e.g.I'm sorry to trouble you.抱歉打扰到你

10. hit v.击；打    hit-hit-hit

1）vt.打击   hit sb in/on +部位击打某人什么部位

e.g.the bottleme the head.瓶子打中了我的头部

2）vi.   hit at sb朝某人打去

11. right away立刻马上

at once   right now

12. get into陷入；参与

①　get out of 离开；从...中出来

②　get into trouble 陷入麻烦

13. foot  cn.脚；英尺复数：feet
14. bandage cn绷带

            v.用绷带包扎  bandage oneself给自己包扎

15. press v.压，挤，按

press the button按按钮

16. sick adj.生病的，有病的可以做定语/表语

e.g.John didn’t go to school because he was sick.（表语）

e.g.The sick boy is so tired.(定语)

辨析 ill adj生病的（只能做表语）

e.g.The boy is ill/sick.

e.g.he is an ill boy.(他是个坏男孩)

17. breathe v 呼吸

e.g.we can breathe fresh air without  pollution.

n.breath呼吸

①　take a deep breath深呼吸

②　be out of breath上气不接下气

18. be/get used to doing sth习惯于；适应于

辨析：

①　used to do 过去常常做某事

eg.heuse to live in the countryside

②　be used to doing 习惯于做某事

eg.They got used to living in the countryside．他们已习惯于住在农村

③　be used to do sth 被用来做某事

19. risk cn&v危险，风险

①　risk doing sth冒险做某事

e.g.They risked losing everything. 他们冒失去一切的危险

②　the risk of doing sth...的风险

③　take risks(a risk ) 冒险

20. accident cn.交通事故，意外遭遇

accidental adj.偶然的，意外的

by accident 偶然=by chance

e.g.A car accident happened to him yesterday.

21. situation cn.情况，状况

in the situation 在这种情形下

in social situation在社交场合

22. run out (of) 用完；用尽

①　sb run out of sth人把某物用完了

eg.She has ran out of money. 她的钱用完了

②　sth run out 某物被用完了（主动表被动）

eg.Her money ran out. 她的钱用完了

辨析：use up 用完用尽（有被动）

sb use up sth

sth be used up 某物被用完了

23. knife cn.刀pl.knives
24. cut off 切除；

cut 相关短语：

cut out 切断；删去 cut down v. 削减；砍倒 

cut in 插嘴；插队 cut up  切碎

25. blood un.血液；血统

adj.bloody流血的;残忍的    v bleed 流血

26. mean  v.意思是；意味着  adj.吝啬的

adj_______     反义_________

n._______

①　mean doing sth. “意味着

②　mean to do sth. “打算或企图做某事

③　What do / did you mean by...? 

=what’s the meaning of sth……是什么意思?

27. control n&v控制；限制；约束

①　out of control不受控制 

②　under control被控制  

③　in control控制着   

④　be in control of  管理

e.g.she is in control of this company.

⑤　be in the control of 受...管理

e.g.This company is in the control of her mother.

28. spirit un灵魂；骨气

cn.精灵；鬼魂

 the fighting spirit 斗志 a man of spirit 有志气的人

29. death n.死亡

辨析：

die v死，死亡

dead  adj.死的，无生命的;表示状态“have/has been dead for +时间段”

dying die的现在分词。作定语或表语，指“垂死的，要死的”

e.g.His father has been dead for ten years。=His father died ten years ago。他父亲已经去世十年了。              e.g.This is a dying bird.。是一只快死的鸟

e.g.His death made everyone sad.

30. give up 放弃

①　give up doingsth放弃做某事

②　give out 分发，散发

③　give away 捐赠

④　give sbsth=give sth to sb

注意：当sth为代词只能用后者

二、重点句型及知识点

1. advice un.建议

a piece of advice   two pieces of advice   some advice

ask sb for advice give advice on sth  take (follow) one’s advice

2. He got off and asked the woman what happened.

get off意为＂下车＂，其反义短语为get on＂上车＂

e.g.Excuse me, I have to get off at the next stop.

常见get构成的短语：

Have a try:

他和同学们相处得很好。

He is _____________ _____________ well with his classmates.

3. But to his surprise, they all agreed to go with him. 但使他惊讶的是, 他们都同意和他一起去。

（1）to one’s surprise＂使……惊讶的；出乎……意料＂，一般位于句首

one’s是形容词性物主代词或名词所有格

Have a try

—How was your life in England?

—Quite different from here. _____________, people there drink tea with milk.

1. In my opinion　　　B. To my surprise   C. At the beginning

（2）agree v同意：

agree to do sth＂同意做某事＂ agree on sth  agree  with sb

4. Aron Ralston is an American man who is interested in mountain climbing. 阿伦﹒罗尔斯顿是一个对登山感兴趣的美国人。

此处who is interested in mountain climbing为定语从句，当先行词为人时，常用关系代词who或that引导定从，who或that在定语从句中可作主语或宾语。who或that作主语时不可省略，作宾语时可省略。

e.g. Do you know the girls who/that are dancing? （who/that作主语，不可省略）

e.g.The man (that/who) you are waiting for won’t come. （who/that作宾语，可省略）

5. As a mountain climber, Aron is used to taking risks. 作为一名登山者, 阿伦习惯于冒险

be used to doing sth＂习惯于……；适应于……＂，其中to是介词，后跟名词、代词或动词-ing形式。

Have a try试一试

1. 我妈妈习惯于早上早起。

My mother _____________ _____________ _____________ _____________ up early in the morning. 

2. 他过去常骑自行车去上班, 但现在他乘地铁(去上班)。

He _____________ _____________ _____________ his bike to work, but now he takes the subway.

3. 刀子是被用来切割东西的。

Knives are _____________ _____________ _____________ things.

6. But when his water ran out, he knew that he would have to do something to save his own life.

run out作不及物动词短语，意为＂用尽；耗尽＂，主语通常是时间、金钱、水、食物等无生命名词

7. His love for mountain climbing is so great that he kept on climbing mountains even after this experience.

such... that与so... that的区别:

(1)so+ adj./adv.

adj. + a/an + _________

many/few + 可数名词复数       + that从句

much/little+___________

(2)such + a/an + adj. +单数名词

adj. + ___________           +that从句

adj. + 复数名词

三、GRAMMER

表达病痛的结构:

1. 某人+ have/has + 病症.

e.g.The twins have colds. 这对双胞胎感冒了。

2. 某人+ have/has a(n) + 身体部位-ache（headache / toothache / stomachache / backache / earache）

e.g.She had a stomachache last night. 她昨晚胃痛。

3. 某人+ have / has a sore + 身体部位.

e.g.He has a sore throat. 他喉咙痛。

4. 某人+ hurt(s) + 身体部位或反身代词.

e.g.He hurt his leg. 他的腿受伤了。

5. 身体部位 + hurt(s).

e.g.My head hurts badly. 我头痛得厉害。

6. 某人+ have/has a pain in one’s + 身体部位.

e.g.I have a pain in my chest. 我胸口痛。

7. (There is) something wrong with one’s + 身体部位.

e.g.There is something wrong with my right eye. 我的右眼不舒服。

八年级下册重要知识点巩固练习及答案

（一）重要词汇英汉互译

1.问题;事情n.__________

2.脚;足n.__________pl.__________

3. 脖子;颈部n.__________

4. 发烧n.__________

5. 躺;平躺v.__________

6. 放松：休息v.&n.__________

7. 咳嗽n.＆v.__________
8. 牙痛n.__________
9. 头痛n.__________
10. 间歇;休息n.__________

11.（使)疼痛;受伤v._________

12. 乘客;旅客n._________

13. 离开（某处）;不工作;

从……去掉 adv. & pron._________

14.到⋯之上prep._________

15. 问题.苦恼n._________

16.（用手或器具)击;打v._________

17. 她自己 pron._________

18.生病的;有病的adj._________

19. 膝;膝盖n._________

20. 我们自己 pron._________

21. 交通事放;意外遭遇n._________

22. 情况;状况n._________

23. 千克;公斤n._________

24. 岩石n._________

25. 刀 n._________

(pl.）_________

26. 血 n._________

27.意思是：打算;意欲v._________

28. 决定：抉择n._________

29. 限制;约束;管理n＆v.._________

30. 勇气;意志n._________

31. sore adj._________

33. throat n._________

34. X-ray n._________

35. bandage n. & v._________

36.press v._________

37. nosebleed n._________

38.breathe v._________

39. sunburned adj._________

40.climber n._________

41. risk n. & v._________

42.importance n._________

43. death n._________

（二）重点短语

1.患感冒/发烧/咳嗷___________________________

2.牙痛(头痛、耳痛、胃痛）___________________________

3.喉咙/背/眼腈/膝盖/脚痛_____________________________________________

4.躺下休息_____________________________________________

5.喝些加蜂蜜的热茶_____________________________________________

6.看牙医_____________________________________________

7.拍×光片_____________________________________________

8.量体温_____________________________________________

9.割伤自己_____________________________________________

10.在…上敷药_____________________________________________

11.需要去做某事_____________________________________________

12.从…带走_____________________________________________

13.没动_____________________________________________

14. 看医生_____________________________________________

15. 沿着⋯走_____________________________________________

16. 看见某人正在做某事_____________________________________________

17. 在马路边_____________________________________________

18.紧挨着_____________________________________________

19. 大喊救命_____________________________________________

20. 下/上车_____________________________________________

21. 患心脏病_____________________________________________

22. 期望某人做某事_____________________________________________

23. 使某人惊奇的是_____________________________________________

24.同意做某事_____________________________________________

25. 多亏：由于_____________________________________________

26. 及时_____________________________________________

27.考虑_____________________________________________

28. 立刻：马上_____________________________________________

29.陷人麻烦_____________________________________________

30. 做正确的事_____________________________________________

31. 跌倒_____________________________________________

32. 穿上..._____________________________________________

33. 感到恶心_____________________________________________

34. 被击中头部_____________________________________________

35. 做某事有困难_____________________________________________

36.习惯于做某事_____________________________________________

过去常常做某事_____________________________________________

37. 冒险_____________________________________________

38. 救命_____________________________________________

失去上命_____________________________________________

39.因为_____________________________________________

40. 在危险的境况中_____________________________________________

41. 落在某人身上_____________________________________________

42. 单独,独立;;各自_____________________________________________

43. 用完;枆尽_____________________________________________

44. 准备好做某事_____________________________________________

45.切除_____________________________________________

45. 失血过多_____________________________________________

42.离开;从...出来_____________________________________________

49. 讲述..._____________________________________________

50. 做决定_____________________________________________

51. 掌管;管理_____________________________________________

在……的掌控下_____________________________________________

52. 继续做某事_____________________________________________

53. 生死攸关_____________________________________________

54. 去爬山_____________________________________________

55. 介意/反对做某事_____________________________________________

56. 放弃_____________________________________________

（三）经典向型

1.你怎么了？出什么事情了？

_______the______   _______you?

2. 昨天她说话大多，并日没有喝足够的水。

She talked_______ _______yesterday and didn't drink_______water.

3. 听起来不像是你发烧了。

It doesn't_______ _______you have a_______。

4. 我头疼。

My head_______.

5. 他给自己打上绷带以至于他不会失血过多。

He bandaged himself so_______he would not lose too much blood.

6. 他对登山如此酷爱以至于即使这次经所之后他还继续爬山，

His love_______mountain climbing is_______great_______he kept climbing mountains even after this experience.

6. 我们有和阿伦一样的精神吗？

Do we have_______  _______spirit_______Aron?

7. 听上去不太好。

That doesn't_______  _______. 

重要知识点巩固答案

一、重要词汇：

1. matter 2. foot (pl. ) feet 3. neck4.. fever 5. lie (lay, ly-ing)6. rest 7. cough 8. toothache 9.headache 10. break11. hurt 12. passenger13. off 14. onto15. trouble16. hit 17. herself 18. sick 19. knee 20. ourselves21.accident 22. situation23. kilo = kg = kilogram24. rock25. knife (pl. ) knives 26. blood 27. mean28. decision29.control 30. spirit31.疼病的;酸痛的32胃;腹部 33.喉咙;咽喉 34.× 射线;x光35.绷带用绷带包扎36.压；挤;按 37鼻出血38. 呼吸 39.晒伤的40. 登山者;攀登者 41.危险;风险;冒险 42.重要性;重要 43.死;死亡

二、重点短语

1. have a cold/fever/cough 2. have a toothache ( a headache, anearache, a stomachache) 3. have a sore throat/back/eye/knee/foot 4. lie down and rest 5. drink some hot tea with honey6.see a dentist

7. get an X-ray 8. take one's temperature9.cut oneself 10. put some medicine on...11. need to do sth.12. take sth. away from 13. without moving 14. go to a doctor= see a doctor15. go along…. 16. see sb. doing sth.17. onthe side of the road 18. next to 19. shout for help 20. getoff/on 21. have a heart problem22. expect sb. to do sth.23. to one's surprise 24. agree to do sth.25.thanks to... 26.

in time; on time 27. think about 28. right away = at once29. get into trouble 30. do the right thing 31. fall down 32.put on 33. feel sick 34. get hit on the head 35. have a problem (problems) doing sth.36. be used to sth. /doing; used todo sth.37. take risks = take a risk 38. save one's life; lose

one's life 39. because of... 40. in a dangerous situation 41. fallon sb.42. by oneself 43. run out (of)

44. be ready to dosth.45. cut off 46. lose too much blood48. get out of.49. tell of... 50. make a decision ( decisions)51. in control ofin the control of sb.

52. keep on doing 53. life or death 54. go mountain climbing 55. mind doing...56. give up

三、经典句型

1. What's; matter/trouble/problem with

2.too much; enough

3. sound like; fever

4. hurts

5. that

6. for; so; that; on

7. the same; as

8. sound good