2021嘉兴高一下学期期末检测英语试题含答案

嘉兴市2020〜2021学年第二学期期末检测
高一英语（2021.6）

第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分35分） 第一节（共10个小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题 纸上将该项涂黑。

A

Today the idea of Msimple and seasonaP seems to be everywhere. But Alice Waters was saying it about 50 years ago, when Chez Panisse first opened on Shattuck Avenue in Berkeley. Neither a trained cook nor a businesswoman, she has changed the face of American dining.

Waters never intended to have the power she now has. Growing up in New Jersey in the 1950s, she went to the University of California, Berkeley, only because her closest friends were going, and for a while she didn't have a clear alm.

But living in France for a year changed everything. Waters fell in love with good foodand the care people took over its sourcing and cooking. “I took my Slow Food values- evwone should have access to good food, and growers are properly valued-from 1960s France,” she says. "By the time I came home they were part of me.”

Back in California, all Waters wanted to do was cook and open a restaurant. When Chez Panisse finally opened, with dinner cooked and served by a team with no training, it was a disaster. Guests waited ages for their food. But Waters was not discouraged, “I've always said that if someone makes delicious food, others will find it.”

Since 1971, Chez Panisse's only expansion（扩张）has been a cafe upstairs. Waters has always refused to make it bigger since that might weaken the Chez Panisse brand（品牌）. Her Edible Schoolyard Project, on the other hand, has been intentionally spread out. It started when Waters created a garden space at a Berkeley school for teaching about food.

Today, over 2,000 schools worldwide are following Waters' original model.

The Schoolyard represents everything Alice Waters stands for and acts as a cornerstone（基石）,promoting both educational and personal growth. The food is grown slowly and naturally by hand. Students learn about the benefits of healthy eating, careers in food industry, nutrition, food safety, and the restaurant business.

13.      What can we know about Waters* Slow Food values?

1.     Her closest friends impressed them on her.
2.     She came up with them when she was in France.
3.     They have made a difference to American dining.
4.     They were popular in America about 50 years ago.

14.      What happened to Chez Panisse when it just opened?

1.     It disappointed Waters. B. It didn't come out g.

D. It achieved immediate success.

C・ It failed to serve good food.

 have used robot technology to better understand Mars, introduced a group of robots named Mars Dogs at a gy meeting.

The Mars Dog is a four-legged robot created by the company Boston Dynamics., gg with other similar robots, can move around in ways the wheeled W（探测器） that explored the planet never could. Traditional Mars rovers are limited mostly to Mt surfaces. However, many scientifically interesting Martian regions are only reachable by crossing very rough（崎岖的）ground or going below ground. Walldng Mars Dogs are well-suited for such challenges—ven if they fall down, they can get back up again. These robots can also explore underground by walking around rocks and lowering themselves into caves. They are even capable of selecting which path to take. While they do this, they collect measurements to build a map of what they see.

A Mars Dog would also be about 12 times lighter than current rovers. It would be able

t。travel much faster, reaching normal walking speeds of 5 kilometers per hour during tests. Compare that to the Curiosity rover that is currently exploring Mars. Curiosity rolls along the Martian surface at about 0.14 kilometers per hour.

15.    What advantage do Mars Dogs have according to paragraph 2? A・ They are much lighter.             

B. They travel much faster.

C，They are better at seeking shelter. D. They move around more flexibly.

26- What is scientists, attitude to the future of Mars Dogs?

A. Satisfied. B. Doubtful. C. Hopeful.

Whaling was once a major industry worldwide. And by the 1940s, more than 30,000 whales were being caught every year. Oil from whales was widely used. In order to make possible the orderly development of the global whaling industry, the international Whaling Commission （IWC） was formed In 1946.

However, in 1986, the IWC voted（投票）for a ban on whaling. The biggest concern was the huge fall in whale populations across the planet. Indeed many people say the ban came too late and that commercial whaling has already driven many species close to extinction. According to Greenpeace, blue whales are less than 1% of their original number in the Antarctic while Sei Whales and Fin Whales are also listed as “endangered species**.

There are many other good reasons to oppose whaling. Whales are extremely intelligent creatures. They have social networks very similar to those of humans, and scientists have recently discovered that whales have brain cells only previously found in humans and great apes（猿）.On top of that, whaling is also a cruel industry. Whales are often caught using explosive harpoons（鱼叉）.In some cases, when the harpoon doesn't hit its target properl* whales can take minutes or sometimes hours to die.

Despite this, some countries continue to hunt whales. And currently Japan hunts more than 1,000 whales a year—all of them part of a supposed “scientific research” programme. Many people argue that this “research” is nothing more than a front of commercial whaling—the meat that is left over after samples are taken is sold.

At present, the world is fairly divided on the issue with Iceland, Japan and Norway on the pro-wbaling side and the US, Australia, New Zealand and the EU on the anti-whaling side. Asked recently how difficult his job was on a scale（等级）of one to ten, Cristian Maquieira, the chairman of the IWC said, “About a twelve!”

27- What is the main reason for the IWC's voting for a ban on whaling?

1.     Many whale species died out.
2.     Whales are highly intelligent creatures.
3.     The number of whales dropped sharply.
4.     Whales suffer great pain when being caught.

28.     What does the underlined word "oppose" in paragraph 3 mean?

A. Protest. B. Maintain. C. Permit.

29.      Why do some countries continue to hunt whales?

. A. To ensure food supply. B. Td do scientific research.

100.     To protect other species. D. To make economic profit.

30.       What docs Cristian Maquieira mean by saying “About a twelve!”？

1.     The IWC will make great efforts to promote the ban.
2.      It is rather challenging for the IWC to carry out the ban.
3.     There is still much room for the IWC to improve its work.
4.      The IWC is confident of stopping all countries hunting whales.

第二节（共5个小题；每小题2分，满分10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多 余选项。

There you are in your favorite clothing store. You don，t really need to buy anything, but every thing is so cheap and fashionable! Before you know it, you leave the store with bags and bags of new clothes.

On the surface, this doesn't seem so bad. However; there arc a lot of hidden costs

behind the low price put forward by fast fashion brands.学■"的 Not only does it use up a lot of resources, but it also heavily pollutes the environment with chemicals, micro-plastics

and unwanted waste.

Fashion is one of the least sustainable（可持续发展的）industries on the planet, commented Michael Stanley-Jones, an officer with the United Nations Environment 高一期末检测英语试题卷 第7页（共12页）

Program.亠 Actual^ it f take 叩 space in oUr houses, though. It g ends up in landfills（垃圾场）,too.

People are increasingly examining their own consumption and what changes they can make to become sustainable, Jane Fellner, founder of sustainable fashion company Loopstei; told the Guardian.

In PaEculg with its typically lower prices and rare fashion finds, shopping secondhand has become an increasingly popular and eco-friendly choice. 34 And, although fast fashion will continue to grow 20 percent over the next 10 years, secondhand fashion is expected to grow an unbelievable 185 percent in that same amount of time. 35 “The only true sustainable way to shop is to not shop at a!l,w Rachel Kibbc, a brand adviser for ensuring sustainability in fashion, told Insider "Unless youfre buying clothes that ALREADY exist."

1.     Howevei; thankfully, the fashion trend is changing.
2.      To be frank, the fashion industry is terrible for the planet.
3.     The secondhand market is facing quite a few significant challenges.
4.     In fact, they've developed some marketing strategies to increase sales.
5.      Research shows the secondhand market is expected to reach $80 billion by 2029.
6.      "We're our own waste managers, storing fashion waste in our houses,w he noted.

G Fellner added, -Secondhand becomes more socially acceptable and, for some, cool.”

第三部分：语言运用（共两节，满分&分） 第一节：完形填空（共20个小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白

处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。

Ten cats and six dogs in W-Underdogs are safe thanks to the quick thinking ofKeith Walker, ah。" in AT. gg Mme 亠,—the "

and then    3」to save the dogs and cats.

Founded about six years ago, W-Underdogs is a community group 38 dogs and cats. Volunteers in the group __39_ dog food to people who can't always afTord to buy it, 四_ pets without owners, and provide 41 at times. Walker, 53, has been homeless for 40 years. He __42 the group with odd（零散的）jobs, but since news of his brave 43               _ has surfaced, the group has received large quantities of 44 about how they can help. Go Fund Me 45 have been set up to financially support Walker and W-Underdogs, which 46 so much in the fire.

“ 47 , they're all safe now and lots of volunteers are walking them and loving them,” says dog trainer Victoria. "It's a small but 48 job. We do the work in communities that is very 49 . But people have been so unbelievably generous with their time and 50 blankets and helping us with W・Underdogs."

Dozens of people left 51 online, but one summed everything up so well:

“I 52 about Keith's heroism and it was possibly the best story for me. We all have problems, troubles and difficulties fitting in. But the pure                53_ of this man is undeniable（不可否认的）. 54 and people need someone like him to simply exist because his love matters. Thank you for 55                 一 the light in the world.**

阅读下面材料，在空白处壊入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

The United Nations believes about 17 percent of the worlds food 56 (go) to waste each year. The information comes from the UN Environment Programs Food Waste Index Report 2021. The report says food waste is not only 57 problem in rich countries, it also happens in poor countries 58 food supplies can go bad without cold storage^ 储)..Most of the wasted food conies from homes. The rest comes from stores and food

service 59 (company).

Sometimes stores offer reduced prices on larger amounts of food. When people buy too much food, they donft always use it before it goes bad. Also, the writing on food containers can be hard 60 (understand). In some cases, the producers put a date that shows when the food will be best to eat. Sometimes the food is still good for several days after the date, 61                people will throw it away. So far, food administrators in the US                _62_(ask)

producers to label their products in a way that is much __63_(easy) for people to understand.

Researchers say food waste is a __64_(grow) concern because of the large amount of land and energy required to produce food, raise animals and piant crops. If food waste is

cut down, it might be possible to reduce the impact of its production _65__ the world.

第四部分：写作(共两节，满分40分)

第一节；句子翻译(共5句；每句3分，满分15分) 技给出的中文意思，用括号内所给的英语，翻译下列句子。

66-为了证明他是对的，他竭尽全力搜集证据。(prove; evidence)

67.圣诞节临近，人们忙着购买礼物、装饰圣诞树。(approach; decorate)

68.受到教授的鼓舞，他最终成为了一名著名的工程师。(inspire; eventually)

69.由于缺乏资金，这个项目己经被延期了。(lack; postpone)

70.弹性工作时间使这位妈妈能够有更多的时间照顾孩子• (flexible; tend)

第二节：应用文写作（满分25分）

L介绍比赛信息；

2.             期待对方参与。

注意：

L词数80左右；

2-可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

嘉兴市2020〜2021学年第二学期期末检测

高一英语参考答案及评分标准（2021.6）

一、听力（每小题1.5分，满分30分）

二、阅读理解（共两节，满分35分）

第一节（每小题2.5分，满分25分）

第二节（每小题2分，满分10分）

31-35 BFAEG

三、语言运用（共两节，满分45分）

第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）

36-40 CBADA

41-45 CAACB

46-50 CDBDB

51-55 DCADB

第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）

56. goes 57. a 58. where

61. but 62. have asked 63. easier

*注意：大小写错误属于不正确形式，不给分。

四、写作（共两节，满分40分）

第一节：句子翻译（每句3分，满分15分）

（一）评分标准

(二)  参考译句

66.     To/In order to prove him right/he was right, he tried his best/went all out/spared no effort to gather/collect evidence.
67.     With Christmas approaching/As Christmas approachesAVith the approach of Christinas, people are busy buying/purc ha si ng presents/gifts and decorating Christmas trees.
68.     Inspired by the professor, lie eventually became a famous/well-known engineer
69.     For (a/the) lack oiTDue to (a/the) lack of money/funds, the project has been postponed.
70.     A flexible work schedule/timetable allows the mother more time to tend (to) her child(ren). Flexible working hours give the mother more time to tend (to) her child(ren).

第二节：应用文写作(满分25分)

(-)评分原则

1.    本题总分为25分，按5个档次给分。
2.    评分时，先根据文章的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次，然后以该档次的要求来衡量、 确定或调整档次，最后给分。
3.    词数少于60和多于100的，从总分中减去2分。
4.    评分时，应注意的主要内容为：内容要点、应用词汇和语法结构的丰富性和准确性及 上下文的连贯性。
5.    拼写与标点符号是语言准确性的一个方面，评分时，应视其对交际的影响程度予以考 虑。英、美拼写及词汇用法均可接受。
6.    如书写较差，以致影响交际，将分数降低一个档次。

(-)各档次的给分范围和要求

（三） 该题具体要求

1.    内容要点：

介绍比赛信息；期待对方参与。

2.    语法结构和词汇的应用：

时态符合写作情景；使用与主题相关的词汇；能够使用恰当的语法结构。

3.     上下文的连贯性：

按内容要点有逻辑展开；使用恰当的表达方式使内容连贯。

（四） 参考范文

Dear Peter;

Knowing you're interested in the Green Cycling to be hosted by our school, I'm writing to inform you of the relevant xkw information.

As an annual event, it's aimed at advocating low-carbon transportation and raising public awareness of environmental protection. Scheduled for July 20th, the race will start from our school, follow the main roads across the city and finish in the City Park During the race, basic supplies and medical care will be provided.

I highly expect your participation and excellent performance.

Yours,

Li Hua