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2022年北京市东城区中考英语一模试卷（含解析）
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这是一份2022年北京市东城区中考英语一模试卷（含解析），共19页。试卷主要包含了单选题，完形填空，阅读理解，任务型阅读-简答，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022年北京市东城区中考英语一模试卷
副标题
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一、单选题（本大题共12小题，共6.0分）
1. My grandparents don't live with us,but their home is near_________．（ ）
A. yours B. his C. hers D. ours
2. Last summer I stayed with my cousin _________a few days.（ ）
A. at B. for C. on D. in
3. You should start your work right now,_________you won't finish it on time.（ ）
A. or B. and C. but D. so
4. -_________does the museum open at the weekends？
-At 9：00 am.（ ）
A. How B. Where C. Why D. When
5. There's only an hour left.We_________ hurry to catch the train.（ ）
A. must B. could C. may D. would
6. The Battle at Lake Changjin was one of_________ movies in 2021．（ ）
A. popular B. more popular
C. most popular D. the most popular
7. Jerry,could you turn down the TV？Your father_________ a video meeting now.（ ）
A. has B. had C. is having D. was having
8. China_________nine gold medals at the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics.（ ）
A. wins B. is winning C. won D. will win
9. Mark fell over and hurt his feet while he _________down the steps.（ ）
A. runs B. was running C. ran D. has run
10. Betty wants to buy her mother a birthday present,but she _________what to buy.（ ）
A. doesn't decide B. didn't decide
C. hasn't decided D. won't decide
11. This song _________ten years ago,but many people still like it now.（ ）
A. writes B. is written C. wrote D. was written
12. -Mr.Carter,could you tell me_________？
-Next Thursday.（ ）
A. when we had a vocabulary test
B. when did we have a vocabulary test
C. when we will have a vocabulary test
D. when will we have a vocabulary test
二、完形填空（本大题共8小题，共8.0分）
Ellie Makes the Team
Ellie was an outstanding gymnast（体操运动员）。She could do the gymnastic moves very beautifully.The trouble was that she knew it.When she tried out for the gymnastics team,she put on a(13)performance.The other girls told her she was amazing."See if you can do that！"Ellie said.The coach said nothing,and thought hard.
The next week,when the list of the team members was posted,Ellie's name wasn't on it.She turned to the girls standing around her."I'm better than all of you！"she shouted(14)．"It's unfair！"
She went to see the coach.He explained,"You're very talented,but your(15)is terrible."
"What do you mean？"Ellie asked."I know I am the best,and I prove it every time."
"Making the gymnastics team isn't just about gymnastics,"the coach said."It's also about being on a team.You can't make the team if you don't recognize how much everyone has to contribute（做贡献），and(16)them to do it."
Ellie did not think about what the coach said.Instead,she expected the team to lose that year,and it would be the coach's fault （过错），for not picking her.
But Ellie still practiced at the gym every day,carefully staying out of the team's way.At first she felt very happy to see the girls on the team struggling（艰难地训练）.But then it started to(17)her.One day,after watching Kim fall off the uneven parallel bars （again and again,Ellie came to her,and told her what she should do.Kim accepted Ellie's suggestion,and did much better.Ellie felt very(18)．She didn't notice the coach looking on from across the room.
Over the next few weeks,Ellie tried to help the other girls.The team(19)each time they competed,and they even won once！
The following year,Ellie tried out for the gymnastics team again.This time,her name was on the list.She knew that it was her(20)of becoming a better team player that was responsible for her success.
13. A. poor B. perfect C. disappointing D. normal
14. A. excitedly B. nervously C. angrily D. proudly
15. A. luck B. performance C. health D. attitude
16. A. invite B. encourage C. choose D. force
17. A. worry B. surprise C. please D. frighten
18. A. confident B. lonely C. bored D. satisfied
19. A. won B. practiced C. improved D. celebrated
20. A. chance B. effort C. decision D. dream
三、阅读理解（本大题共13小题，共26.0分）
A
Kids can make a difference to the world.Here are stories about four amazing kids.
Cash Daniels,12，clears rubbish from local rivers.25 kids often join him for the clean-ups.They have collected over 11，000 pounds of rubbish from the rivers.Cash also runs a recycling program to collect cans from businesses.So far,he has recycled over 2，000 pounds of them.
Orion Jean,11，started to do good deeds to others after winning the National Kindness Speech Competition in 2020．He organizes events to provide food,toys and books for people in need.He has collected over 500，000 books for kids,and over 100，000 meals for local families.
Lino Marrero,14，invented the Kinetic Kickz 2.0．It's something that fits into the sole （鞋底）of a shoe.It collects wasted energy from walking.Then people can use it to power up mobile phones.Lino encourages others to come up with ideas for inventions while solving everyday problems.
Samirah Horton,13，is known as DJ Annie Red.She started to perform when she was 6．Through her music,she helps kids of all ages to stand up to bullying （欺凌）She also reads her book The Bully Stop to kids.It's based on her song No,You Won't Bully Me.
21. Who helps clean up local rivers？ ______
A. Cash Daniels. B. Orion Jean.
C. Lino Marrero. D. Samirah Horton.
22. How many books has Orion Jean collected for kids？ ______
A. Over2，000. B. Over11，000. C. Over100，000. D. Over500，000.
23. What does Lino Marrero encourage others to do？ ______
A. Help people in need. B. Invent new things.
C. Join recycling programs. D. Stand up to bullying.
B
Emma Dreams Big It was warm outside.Emma was looking through the window and thinking of riding her horse Star after school.
"Emma！Could you please turn in your homework？"Mrs.James called her.
"I don't have my homework with me,Emma turned back and said."I forgot to put it in my schoolbag after I did it.
"Emma,you're such a smart girl,but you're always daydreaming.I may have to talk with your parents,"Mrs.James said."Now,class,clear your desks.Let's welcome our guest,Doctor Landon.He is a vet （and he came here today as part of our Career Explorations（职业探索）program."
Doctor Landon talked about how important grades were and how he tried hard with math when he was a kid.But Emma didn't listen carefully until a word caught her attention.Horse.
"On most days of a week,I travel across the county to take care of horses.It is a lot of work,but I love it.
Emma's mouth fell open."What a life that is,she thought.At that moment,Emma could see her future.She was going to be a vet and take care of horses too！
After school,Emma made new plans.She would spend an hour studying math before riding Star.She also decided to spend half an hour every night studying science even if she didn't have any homework.Doctor Landon said those were important subjects to study if you wanted to be a vet.
When Emma walked into the house,she told her parents about her new plans.They were both surprised."I had a talk with her last week.I told her she needed to work harder if she wanted to get into a good college.I guess she is taking my advice,"her dad said to her mom.
Emma smiled.She didn't remember what her dad said.Maybe she would tell them about her dream tomorrow.
24. What was the problem with Emma？ ______
A. She wasn't very clever.
B. She was always daydreaming.
C. She didn't understand her teacher.
D. She often forgot to do her homework.
25. Emma was interested in Doctor Landon's ______ .
A. work as a vet B. grades at school
C. advice on study D. travelling experiences
26. Why did Emma make new plans？ ______
A. She had a lot of homework to do.
B. She wanted to get into a good college.
C. She realized she must study hard for her dream.
D. She was afraid Mrs.James would talk to her parents.
C
Many studies have shown the learning-by-teaching effect.Students who spend time teaching what they've learned show better understanding and ability to remember knowledge than students who simply spend the same time re-studying.But why does teaching help？
Researchers led by Aloysius Wei Lun Koh did a study to test their idea that teaching improves the teacher's learning because it forces the teacher to retrieve （检索）what they've learned.In other words,they believe that bringing to mind what we've learned leads to deeper and longer-lasting acquisition （获得）of that information than spending more time re-studying.
The researchers asked 124 students to spend ten minutes studying a text with numbers on a topic which is completely new to them.They told the students they could take notes while studying,but would teach the material afterwards without notes.After studying the text,the students were divided into four groups.In one group the students spent five minutes delivering a lesson on the study material without notes.The other groups either spent the same time completing arithmetic （算术）problems,teaching with a script （讲稿）or writing down all they could remember from the text-a form of retrieval practice.A week later,all the students returned to the lab for a surprise test of their knowledge and understanding of the text.
The important finding is that the teaching-without-notes group and the retrieval-practice group outperformed the group that completed arithmetic problems and the group that taught with a script.In fact,the performance of the teaching-without-notes group and the retrieval-practice group was comparable.
The researchers said the result shows that the benefits of the learning-by-teaching method are caused by retrieval practice；that is,the learning-by-teaching method works only when the teaching involves retrieving the taught materials.
The new findings have a practical suggestion for how the learning-by-teaching method is used in education.In order to make sure that students learn and remember an educational material,they should internalize （内化）the material before presenting it to others,rather than depend on notes during the presentation process.
27. Why did the researchers do the study？ ______
A. To compare different methods of learning.
B. To test whether teaching can improve learning.
C. To find out the reason why people like teaching.
D. To check the reason for learning-by-teaching effect.
28. Paragraph 3 is mainly about ______ .
A. how long the study lasted B. who took part in the study
C. what result the study showed D. how the study was performed
29. What can we learn from the study？ ______
A. Teaching with a script is the best way of learning.
B. Teaching benefits learning because of retrieval practice.
C. Solving arithmetic problems is harder than doing other tasks.
D. Presenting with notes can help students remember a material.
D
Technology has done our world wonders：from development in medicine,travel,communication,to our day-to-day lives.It has undoubtedly changed the way our society works,and how we communicate with one another and ourselves.However,by completely welcoming technology as a part of everyday life,are we losing our ability to create？
Technology presents a new platform for creativity to exist （存在）on.Through technology,ideas can be set free and come to life in the physical world.We have the necessary tools for greater possibilities and new solutions.For example,businesses now have the opportunity to improve themselves more creatively through websites,film advertisements,social media or radio.
However,when we look more closely,it's easy to notice some disadvantages.For example,many of us depend so heavily on automated calculations（自动计算）nowadays,rather than taking the time to work it out for ourselves.Another obvious situation is that a lot of people are spending too much time on screens.As a result,they are reducing the opportunities to come up with their own creations.
Is there a way to find a balance between technology and human creativity？I think so.It is simply a matter of making sure that creativity is not by technology.The first way is to reduce our usage of digital devices（数字设备）by setting limits on when,where,and how long we use them,turning off the notifications （通知）on your phone,or putting your phone on "Do Not Disturb"．Once you become used to these,you will feel surprised how little you think about your phone.
Another wonderful way is to take daily walks in the nature.It can help you reset,rebalance,and keep going.In the long run,a daily walk can not only influence our creativity and imagination but further our physical and mental （思想的）health.We can also develop our creativity by doing yoga,keeping a journal,or reading.
The key to the survival （生存）of our creativity starts with us.Will you put your phone away when spending time with friends？Will you try to find happiness and purpose outside of a screen？The actions you choose to take will help change the relationship between creativity and technology for the better.
30. Why does the writer talk about businesses in Paragraph 2？ ______
A. To stress the importance of creativity.
B. To suggest good ways to develop technology.
C. To show the effect that technology has on creativity.
D. To explain the relationship between business and creativity.
31. The word "deterred" in Paragraph 4 probably means " ______ ".
A. examined B. controlled C. replaced D. prevented
32. The writer probably agrees that ______ .
A. limiting the usage of our phones can help us develop creativity
B. spending time on screens is the easiest way to keep people happy
C. turning off the notifications on the phone will make people worried
D. a daily walk does more good to physical health than to mental health
33. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage？ ______
A. Technology：How Does It Help Develop Creativity？
B. Creativity in a World of Technology：Does It Exist？
C. Technology and Creativity：Which Is More Important？
D. Technology and Creativity：How Do They Influence Each Other？
四、任务型阅读-简答（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）
34. On March 2，2022，world leaders at the 5th meeting of the United Nations Environment Assembly （UNEA）reached a historic agreement to solve the problems of plastic.They agreed that by 2024，they would create and sign a new treaty （条约）on plastics.The new treaty would create international laws that could help bring plastic waste under control.
Because plastic is useful for so many purposes,it has become a part of nearly all areas of our lives.It's hard to look anywhere without things made of plastic.It's reported that now 400 million tons of plastic is produced every year.By 2040，the number is expected to double.Although there's a lot of talk about recycling,only 9%of all the plastic ever created has been recycled.
Almost all kinds of plastic are made from some kind of oil.It gives off dangerous gases（气体）when it's produced and also when it's burned or buried（掩埋）in the ground.Scientists say plastics are responsible for 4.5%of the world's greenhouse gases.
Plastic doesn't break down like natural materials,such as wood.Instead,it just breaks into smaller and smaller pieces,and finally tiny bits of plastic called microplastics.In recent years,microplastics have been found almost everywhere,from the North Pole to Antarctica,from the top of the Earth's tallest mountain to the deepest point in the sea.They've even been found in the bodies of animals including humans.
The treaty is expected to cover the whole plastic "life cycle"，including making it,reusing it,recycling it,and getting rid of （处理）it.The treaty will also cover how to deal with microplastics in the oceans,on land,and in the things we eat.It is expected to lay out rules to get rid of single-use plastics as well.
Deciding on the specific rules and goals that will go in the treaty will probably be difficult.The treaty is likely to require all countries to take their own steps to meet the treaty's goals,and offer poorer countries money to help them meet the goals.
(1) How much plastic is produced every year now？ ______
(2) When does plastic give off dangerous gases？ ______
(3) What does plastic finally become when it breaks down？ ______
(4) What does the whole plastic "life cycle"include？ ______
(5) What do you think of the idea of creating the new treaty on plastics？Why do you think so？ ______
五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共25.0分）
35. 中国有一些传统节日，如春节、中秋节和端午节（the Dragon Boat Festival）。每个节日都有不同的习俗和意义。
假如你是李华，你校英语社团正在开展线上国际交流活动，其公众号计划推送有关中国传统节日的系列内容。请你用英语给公众号写一篇文稿，介绍一个中国的传统节日，包括时间，庆祝方式，以及这个节日的意义。
提示词语：get together,dinner,enjoy,wish
提示问题：•When is the festival？
•How do people usually celebrate the festival？
•Why is the festival important？
There are some traditional festivals in China._____________________________
设定目标对每个人都很重要。有了明确的目标，才有努力的方向，并产生前进的动力。
某英文网站正在开展以"明确目标，全力以赴"为主题的征文活动。假如你是李华，请用英文写一篇短文投稿，谈谈你近期的一个目标是什么，你为什么确定这个目标，以及为实现这个目标做出的努力。
提示词语：make progress,practice,keep,effort
提示问题：•What is your goal？
•Why do you set this goal？
•What do you do to achieve this goal？
Setting goals is very important for everyone.____________________________答案和解析
1.【答案】D
【解析】yours你的；his他的；hers她的；ours我们的。根据前句"My grandparents don't live with us,"可知，应是离我们的家很近。
故选：D。
我的祖父母不与我们住在一起，但他们的家离我们的很近。
仔细分析句子的结构，掌握名词性物主代词的用法。
2.【答案】B
【解析】at在某时刻，在几点；for时间长达......；on在具体某一天；in在某年、月、季节；根据题干中的"a few days（几天）"，可知用for+时间段，表示"时间长达......"。
故选：B。
去年夏天我和表哥在一起待了几天。
注意介词用法，结合语境，选择正确答案。
3.【答案】A
【解析】or否则；andhe；but但是；so因此、所以。分析前后句句意可知，空处的词应用or"否则"，引导并列句。
故选：A。
你应该马上开始工作，否则你不能按时完成。
正确辨析几个连词的汉语意思和用法，结合语境选择作答。
4.【答案】D
【解析】How怎么；Where在哪里；Why为什么；When什么时候。根据At 9：00 am"上午9：00"，可知，对时间提问用When。
故选：D。
--博物馆周末什么时候开放？
--上午9：00。
疑问词通常用来构成疑问句，要根据具体的语境，分清疑问词的用法，选择合适答案。
5.【答案】A
【解析】must必须；could能；may可以；would将会。根据There's only an hour left."只剩下一个小时了。"可知，我们"必须"赶快赶火车。
故选：A。
只剩下一个小时了。我们必须赶快赶火车。
情态动词在句中不受人称、性别、单复数变化的影响，但是要考虑时态，交际用法等。结合语境，选择正确答案。
6.【答案】D
【解析】根据One of和时间状语短语in 2021，可知此题考查固定短语"one of the +形容词最高级+名词复数"，表示"最...之一"。形容词的最高级前必须用the。
故选：D。
《长津湖》是2021年最受欢迎的电影之一。
形容词、副词的原级，比较级和最高级是考试的必考知识点，需充分掌握各种形式。做题时，结合句意，把握关键词，确定考点。
7.【答案】C
【解析】根据第一句句意"杰瑞，你能把电视关掉吗？"，可知第二句动词have的动作正在进行，故句子时态用现在进行时，其结构为"am/is/are+doing"，；主语Your father是第三人称单数，所以be动词用is；
故选：C。
杰瑞，你能把电视关掉吗？你父亲现在正在开视频会议。
考查动词时态，结合时间状语以及语境准确判断所应使用的时态。
8.【答案】C
【解析】win赢得；获得。选项A是第三人称单数形式；选项B是现在进行时；选项C是过去式；选项D是一般将来时。根据字面意思可知句子的时态是一般过去时，因此本题正确答案是C。
故选：C。
中国在2022年北京冬奥会上获得9块金牌。
解答本题首先根据句中结构和字面意思确定时态是一般过去时，再根据所给选项的不同形式选取正确答案。
9.【答案】B
【解析】根据"Mark fell over and hurt his feet"可知发生在过去；再结合while"当...的时候"可知，句子用过去进行时。
故选：B。
马克跑下台阶时摔倒了，伤了脚。
考查动词时态，结合时间状语以及语境准确判断所应使用的时态。
10.【答案】C
【解析】根据"Betty wants to buy her mother a birthday present"贝蒂想给她妈妈买一件生日礼物，可知句子为现在的情况，排除B项，再结合语境推测，她还没有决定好买什么，表示对现在的影响，用现在完成时态。
故选：C。
贝蒂想给她妈妈买一件生日礼物，但她还没有决定好买什么。
考查动词时态，结合时间状语以及语境准确判断所应使用的时态。
11.【答案】D
【解析】句子的主语This song和动词write之间是被动关系，结合时间状语ten years ago可知，此题语态为一般过去时态的被动语态，其构成是：was/were+过去分词。write的过去分词是written。
故选：D。
这首歌是十年前写的，但现在还有很多人喜欢它。
考查时态和语态，根据时间状语判断时态，根据主谓之间的主被动关系判断语态。
12.【答案】C
【解析】宾语从句保持陈述句的语序，排除答案A和D；根据答语Next Thursday.下周四。可知上句要用一般将来时，助动词will,后接动词原形。
故选：C。
---卡特先生，你能告诉我我们什么时候进行词汇测试？---下周四。
先根据语序排除不合适的选项，然后根据语境选择恰当的一项。
13~20.【答案】B、C、D、B、A、D、C、B
【解析】（1）形容词辨析。poor贫穷的；perfect完美的；disappointing令人失望的；normal正常的。根据"The other girls told her she was amazing."（其他女孩告诉她她很令人称奇）可知，她的表现很完美，句意：她参加体操队的选拔时，表现得非常完美。故选B。
（2）副词辨析。excitedly激动地；nervously紧张地；angrily生气地；proudly骄傲地。根据"Ellie's name wasn't on it."（艾莉的名字不在上面）可知，她很出色，但是却不在名单上，所以很生气，句意："我比你们所有人都更出色！"她生气地喊道。故选C。
（3）名词辨析。luck运气；performance表演；health健康；attitude态度。根据"I'm better than all of you!"（我比你们都好）可知，她自视甚傲，态度不好，句意：你很有才华，但你的态度很糟糕。故选D。
（4）动词辨析。invite邀请；encourage鼓励；choose选择；force强迫。根据"You can't make the team if you don't recognize how much everyone has to contribute,and...them to do it."（如果你没有意识到每个人都应该做出多少贡献，并...他们这样做，你就不可能组建一个团队。）可知，团队成员之间要互相鼓励，句意：如果你没有意识到每个人都应该做出多少贡献，并鼓励他们这样做，你就不可能组建一个团队。故选B。
（5）动词辨析。worry担心；surprise使惊讶；please使高兴；frighten使害怕。根据"At first she felt very happy to see"（开始她觉得很开心看见...）并结合后文"after watching Kim fall off the uneven parallel bars again and again"（在看到队友一次又一次摔下来之后）可知，开始很开心，但是后来看到队友一次又一次摔下来，便开始担心了，句意：但后来她开始担心了。故选A。
（6）形容词辨析。confident自信的；lonely孤独的；bored无聊的；satisfied满意的。根据"Kim accepted Ellie's suggestion,and did much better."（金姆接受了建议取得了进步）可知，金姆接受了建议取得了进步，所以艾莉很满意，句意：艾莉感到非常满意。故选D。
（7）动词辨析。won赢得；practiced练习；improved提升；celebrated庆祝。根据"The team...each time they competed,and they even won once!"（每次都有进步，甚至赢过）可知，每次都有进步，甚至赢过，句意：这个队每次比赛都有进步，甚至赢了一次！故选C。
（8）名词辨析。chance机会；effort努力；decision决定；dream梦想。根据"She knew that it was her...of becoming a better team player that was responsible for her success."（她知道是她...成为一个更好的团队成员，这是她成功的原因）可知，艾莉的努力让她自己成为一个更好的团队成员，句意：她知道是她努力成为一个更好的团队成员，这是她成功的原因。故选B。
本文讲述艾莉很优秀，但是名单上没有她，她很生气，教练让她明白团队的重要性。
首先要通读全文，了解文章大意，紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息，然后明确词意，结合排除法逐一选出答案，最后再通读全文核对答案。
21~23.【答案】A、D、B
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据Cash Daniels,12，clears rubbish from local rivers.25 kids often join him for the clean-ups.（12岁的Cash Daniels 清理当地河流中的垃圾。25孩子们经常和他一起清理。）可知，Cash Daniels帮助清理当地河流。故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据He has collected over 500，000 books for kids,（他为孩子们收集了50多万本书，）可知，Orion Jean 为孩子们收集了多少本书50多万。故选D。
（3）推理判断题。根据Lino encourages others to come up with ideas for inventions while solving everyday problems.（Lino Marrero鼓励其他人在解决日常问题的同时想出发明的想法。）可推理出，Lino Marrero 鼓励其他人发明新事物。故选B。
孩子们可以改变世界。短文介绍了四个了不起的孩子的故事。
首先，对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意；其次，细读题材，各个击破；再次，细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。
24~26.【答案】B、A、C
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第四段Emma,you're such a smart girl,but you're always daydreaming.（"艾玛，你真是个聪明的女孩，但你总是在做白日梦。"）可知，艾玛总是在做白日梦。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据第七段 Emma's mouth fell open."What a life that is,she thought.At that moment,Emma could see her future.She was going to be a vet and take care of horses too！（艾玛张大了嘴。"这是一种多么美好的生活啊，她想。在那一刻，艾玛看到了自己的未来。她也将成为一名兽医，照顾好马匹。）可知艾玛对兰登医生做兽医很感兴趣。故选A。
（3）细节推测题。根据第八段After school,Emma made new plans.She would spend an hour studying math before riding Star.She also decided to spend half an hour every night studying science even if she didn't have any homework.Doctor Landon said those were important subjects to study if you wanted to be a vet.（放学后，艾玛制定了新计划。她会在《骑马之星》之前花一个小时学习数学。她还决定每晚花半个小时学习科学，即使她没有任何家庭作业。兰登医生说，如果你想成为一名兽医，这些都是重要的学习科目。）可知艾玛制定新计划是因为她意识到她必须为她的梦想而努力学习。故选C。
本文主要讲述了艾玛很聪明，但她总是在做白日梦，直到兰登医生改变了她的学习态度，她开始制定计划，并为计划而努力学习。
首先，对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意；其次，细读题材，各个击破；再次，细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。
27~29.【答案】B、D、B
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据Researchers led by Aloysius Wei Lun Koh did a study to test their idea that teaching improves the teacher's learning because it forces the teacher to retrieve （检索）what they've learned.（由Aloysius Wei Lun Koh领导的研究人员进行了一项研究，以验证他们的观点，即教学可以改善教师的学习，因为它迫使教师检索他们所学的东西。）可知研究人员做这项研究是为了测试教学是否能改善学习。故选B。
（2）段落大意题。根据The researchers asked 124 students to spend ten minutes studying a text with numbers on a topic which is completely new to them.（研究人员让124名学生花10分钟学习一篇关于他们完全陌生的主题的数字课文。）可知第3段主要是关于研究是如何进行的。故选D。
（3）主旨大意题。通读全文，根据 Researchers led by Aloysius Wei Lun Koh did a study to test their idea that teaching improves the teacher's learning because it forces the teacher to retrieve （检索）what they've learned.（由Aloysius Wei Lun Koh领导的研究人员进行了一项研究，以验证他们的观点，即教学可以改善教师的学习，因为它迫使教师检索他们所学的东西。）可知我们可以从研究中学到：教学有利于学习，因为检索实践。故选B。
文章为如何在教育中使用教学法提供了一个切实可行的建议---应该内化在向他人展示材料之前，不要依赖于演示过程中的笔记。
通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
30~33.【答案】C、D、A、D
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据Technology presents a new platform for creativity to exist （存在）on.（科技为创造力提供了一个新的生存平台。）可知作者在第2段中谈到企业，是为了展示科技对创造力的影响。故选C。
（2）词义猜测题。根据Is there a way to find a balance between technology and human creativity？I think so.It is simply a matter of making sure that creativity is not by technology.（有没有办法在科技和人类创造力之间找到平衡？我想有的。这只是一个确保创造力不受科技--的问题。）联系前句可猜测出下划线deterred的意思应为：阻止。故选D。
（3）细节推理题。根据The first way is to reduce our usage of digital devices（数字设备）by setting limits on when,where,and how long we use them,turning off the notifications （通知）on your phone,or putting your phone on "Do Not Disturb"．（第一种方法是通过设置数字设备的使用时间、地点和使用时间的限制，关闭手机上的通知，或将手机设置为"请勿打扰"，来减少我们对数字设备的使用。）可推断出作者可能同意：限制手机的使用可以帮助我们培养创造力。故选A。
（4）最佳标题题。根据Is there a way to find a balance between technology and human creativity？（有没有办法在科技和人类创造力之间找到平衡？）可知文章主要讲述了科技和人类创造力的相互影响。故最佳标题应为：" 科技和创造力：它们是如何相互影响的？"故选D。
文章主要讲述了科技和人类创造力的相互影响。
通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
34.【答案】【小题1】400 million tons.
【小题2】When it's produced and also when it's burned or buried in the ground.
【小题3】Microplastics.
【小题4】Making it,reusing it,recycling it,and getting rid of it.
【小题5】Very good.Because it helps to control plastic waste,solve the problem of plastic pollution and protect the environment.
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据It's reported that now 400 million tons of plastic is produced every year.（据报道，现在每年生产4亿吨塑料。）可知，现在每年生产4亿吨塑料，故填：400 million tons.
（2）细节理解题。根据It gives off dangerous gases when it's produced and also when it's burned or buried in the ground.（塑料在生产过程中，以及在燃烧或埋在地下时，都会释放出危险气体。）可知，塑料在生产过程中，以及在燃烧或埋在地下时会释放危险气体，故填：When it's produced and also when it's burned or buried in the ground.
（3）细节理解题。根据it just breaks into smaller and smaller pieces,and finally tiny bits of plastic called microplastics.（它只是分解成越来越小的碎片，最后是被称为微塑料的塑料碎片。）可知，塑料分解后最终会变成塑料碎片，故填：Microplastics.
（4）细节理解题。根据The treaty is expected to cover the whole plastic "life cycle"，including making it,reusing it,recycling it,and getting rid of it.（该条约预计将涵盖塑料的整个"生命周期"，包括制造、再利用、回收和废弃。）可知，整个塑料"生命周期"包括制造、再利用、回收和废弃，故填：Making it,reusing it,recycling it,and getting rid of it.
（5）开放性题，答案合理即可。我认为建立新的塑料条约非常好，因为这有助于控制塑料废物，以解决塑料污染问题来保护环境，故填：Very good.Because it helps to control plastic waste,solve the problem of plastic pollution and protect the environment.
本文主要讲述到2024年，UNEA将制定并签署一项新的塑料条约。新条约将制定有助于控制塑料废物的国际法。决定条约中的具体规则和目标可能会很困难等问题。
理解问句，细读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息即可。
35.【答案】There are some traditional festivals in China.My favourite Chinese festival is the Spring Festival because I have lots of fun at the Spring Festival.（点题）【高分句型一】The Spring Festival is a popular holiday in our country.It is in January or February.（时间）Our family get together.We have a big dinner at my grandparents' home.I always eat a lot of delicious food.My cousin and I both get red packets from our grandparents.My parents usually go shopping with me.We buy some nice clothes for ourselves.【高分句型二】We often watch TV at home and sometimes read books.Sometimes,we greet other people on the phone.（如何庆祝）The Spring Festival is the most important for us Chinese because it's the beginning of a new year.（为什么重要）I'm always happy at the Spring Festival.（节日的感受）
【解析】【高分句型一】
My favourite Chinese festival is the Spring Festival because I have lots of fun at the Spring Festival .我最喜欢的中国节日是春节，因为我在春节有很多乐趣。because因为；引导原因状语从句。
【高分句型二】
We buy some nice clothes for ourselves.我们给自己买了一些漂亮的衣服。buy sth.for sb.给某人买某物。
能够根据提示进行书面表达，能够围绕主题准确使用一定的语法、词汇、短语和句型等，清楚连贯地表达自己的思想，进而完成写作任务。
36.【答案】Setting goals is very important for everyone.My goal in life is to become an excellent doctor in a big hospital.Because I want to help people to live healthier and longer.【高分句型一】（目标及原因．） To achieve this goal,I'm going to try my best to study hard and become the best student in our class.Then I'm going to go for a top medical university in China.I plan to read as many books as I can to get knowledge in my spare time.What's more,I will exercise more to make me stronger and stronger.（怎么做）I'm sure I can achieve my goal in the future.【高分句型二】
【解析】【高分句型一】
Because I want to help people to live healthier and longer.因为我想帮助人们活得更健康、更长寿。此句是一般现在时的原因状语从句。运用短语want to do sth "想要做某事"，短语help sb to do sth "帮助某人做某事"。
【高分句型二】
I'm sure I can achieve my goal in the future.我相信我在未来可以实现我的目标。此句是一般现在时的宾语从句，句子I can achieve my goal in the future.是be sure的宾语，运用短语achieve one′s goal"实现某人的目标"，短语in the future "在未来"。
本题是提纲作文，写作时能够根据提纲提示进行书面表达，能够围绕主题准确使用一定的语法、词汇、短语和句型等，清楚连贯地表达自己的思想，进而完成写作任务。
2022年北京市东城区中考英语一模试卷
副标题
题号
一
二
三
四
五
总分
得分
一、单选题（本大题共12小题，共6.0分）
1. My grandparents don't live with us,but their home is near_________．（ ）
A. yours B. his C. hers D. ours
2. Last summer I stayed with my cousin _________a few days.（ ）
A. at B. for C. on D. in
3. You should start your work right now,_________you won't finish it on time.（ ）
A. or B. and C. but D. so
4. -_________does the museum open at the weekends？
-At 9：00 am.（ ）
A. How B. Where C. Why D. When
5. There's only an hour left.We_________ hurry to catch the train.（ ）
A. must B. could C. may D. would
6. The Battle at Lake Changjin was one of_________ movies in 2021．（ ）
A. popular B. more popular
C. most popular D. the most popular
7. Jerry,could you turn down the TV？Your father_________ a video meeting now.（ ）
A. has B. had C. is having D. was having
8. China_________nine gold medals at the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics.（ ）
A. wins B. is winning C. won D. will win
9. Mark fell over and hurt his feet while he _________down the steps.（ ）
A. runs B. was running C. ran D. has run
10. Betty wants to buy her mother a birthday present,but she _________what to buy.（ ）
A. doesn't decide B. didn't decide
C. hasn't decided D. won't decide
11. This song _________ten years ago,but many people still like it now.（ ）
A. writes B. is written C. wrote D. was written
12. -Mr.Carter,could you tell me_________？
-Next Thursday.（ ）
A. when we had a vocabulary test
B. when did we have a vocabulary test
C. when we will have a vocabulary test
D. when will we have a vocabulary test
二、完形填空（本大题共8小题，共8.0分）
Ellie Makes the Team
Ellie was an outstanding gymnast（体操运动员）。She could do the gymnastic moves very beautifully.The trouble was that she knew it.When she tried out for the gymnastics team,she put on a(13)performance.The other girls told her she was amazing."See if you can do that！"Ellie said.The coach said nothing,and thought hard.
The next week,when the list of the team members was posted,Ellie's name wasn't on it.She turned to the girls standing around her."I'm better than all of you！"she shouted(14)．"It's unfair！"
She went to see the coach.He explained,"You're very talented,but your(15)is terrible."
"What do you mean？"Ellie asked."I know I am the best,and I prove it every time."
"Making the gymnastics team isn't just about gymnastics,"the coach said."It's also about being on a team.You can't make the team if you don't recognize how much everyone has to contribute（做贡献），and(16)them to do it."
Ellie did not think about what the coach said.Instead,she expected the team to lose that year,and it would be the coach's fault （过错），for not picking her.
But Ellie still practiced at the gym every day,carefully staying out of the team's way.At first she felt very happy to see the girls on the team struggling（艰难地训练）.But then it started to(17)her.One day,after watching Kim fall off the uneven parallel bars （again and again,Ellie came to her,and told her what she should do.Kim accepted Ellie's suggestion,and did much better.Ellie felt very(18)．She didn't notice the coach looking on from across the room.
Over the next few weeks,Ellie tried to help the other girls.The team(19)each time they competed,and they even won once！
The following year,Ellie tried out for the gymnastics team again.This time,her name was on the list.She knew that it was her(20)of becoming a better team player that was responsible for her success.
13. A. poor B. perfect C. disappointing D. normal
14. A. excitedly B. nervously C. angrily D. proudly
15. A. luck B. performance C. health D. attitude
16. A. invite B. encourage C. choose D. force
17. A. worry B. surprise C. please D. frighten
18. A. confident B. lonely C. bored D. satisfied
19. A. won B. practiced C. improved D. celebrated
20. A. chance B. effort C. decision D. dream
三、阅读理解（本大题共13小题，共26.0分）
A
Kids can make a difference to the world.Here are stories about four amazing kids.
Cash Daniels,12，clears rubbish from local rivers.25 kids often join him for the clean-ups.They have collected over 11，000 pounds of rubbish from the rivers.Cash also runs a recycling program to collect cans from businesses.So far,he has recycled over 2，000 pounds of them.
Orion Jean,11，started to do good deeds to others after winning the National Kindness Speech Competition in 2020．He organizes events to provide food,toys and books for people in need.He has collected over 500，000 books for kids,and over 100，000 meals for local families.
Lino Marrero,14，invented the Kinetic Kickz 2.0．It's something that fits into the sole （鞋底）of a shoe.It collects wasted energy from walking.Then people can use it to power up mobile phones.Lino encourages others to come up with ideas for inventions while solving everyday problems.
Samirah Horton,13，is known as DJ Annie Red.She started to perform when she was 6．Through her music,she helps kids of all ages to stand up to bullying （欺凌）She also reads her book The Bully Stop to kids.It's based on her song No,You Won't Bully Me.
21. Who helps clean up local rivers？ ______
A. Cash Daniels. B. Orion Jean.
C. Lino Marrero. D. Samirah Horton.
22. How many books has Orion Jean collected for kids？ ______
A. Over2，000. B. Over11，000. C. Over100，000. D. Over500，000.
23. What does Lino Marrero encourage others to do？ ______
A. Help people in need. B. Invent new things.
C. Join recycling programs. D. Stand up to bullying.
B
Emma Dreams Big It was warm outside.Emma was looking through the window and thinking of riding her horse Star after school.
"Emma！Could you please turn in your homework？"Mrs.James called her.
"I don't have my homework with me,Emma turned back and said."I forgot to put it in my schoolbag after I did it.
"Emma,you're such a smart girl,but you're always daydreaming.I may have to talk with your parents,"Mrs.James said."Now,class,clear your desks.Let's welcome our guest,Doctor Landon.He is a vet （and he came here today as part of our Career Explorations（职业探索）program."
Doctor Landon talked about how important grades were and how he tried hard with math when he was a kid.But Emma didn't listen carefully until a word caught her attention.Horse.
"On most days of a week,I travel across the county to take care of horses.It is a lot of work,but I love it.
Emma's mouth fell open."What a life that is,she thought.At that moment,Emma could see her future.She was going to be a vet and take care of horses too！
After school,Emma made new plans.She would spend an hour studying math before riding Star.She also decided to spend half an hour every night studying science even if she didn't have any homework.Doctor Landon said those were important subjects to study if you wanted to be a vet.
When Emma walked into the house,she told her parents about her new plans.They were both surprised."I had a talk with her last week.I told her she needed to work harder if she wanted to get into a good college.I guess she is taking my advice,"her dad said to her mom.
Emma smiled.She didn't remember what her dad said.Maybe she would tell them about her dream tomorrow.
24. What was the problem with Emma？ ______
A. She wasn't very clever.
B. She was always daydreaming.
C. She didn't understand her teacher.
D. She often forgot to do her homework.
25. Emma was interested in Doctor Landon's ______ .
A. work as a vet B. grades at school
C. advice on study D. travelling experiences
26. Why did Emma make new plans？ ______
A. She had a lot of homework to do.
B. She wanted to get into a good college.
C. She realized she must study hard for her dream.
D. She was afraid Mrs.James would talk to her parents.
C
Many studies have shown the learning-by-teaching effect.Students who spend time teaching what they've learned show better understanding and ability to remember knowledge than students who simply spend the same time re-studying.But why does teaching help？
Researchers led by Aloysius Wei Lun Koh did a study to test their idea that teaching improves the teacher's learning because it forces the teacher to retrieve （检索）what they've learned.In other words,they believe that bringing to mind what we've learned leads to deeper and longer-lasting acquisition （获得）of that information than spending more time re-studying.
The researchers asked 124 students to spend ten minutes studying a text with numbers on a topic which is completely new to them.They told the students they could take notes while studying,but would teach the material afterwards without notes.After studying the text,the students were divided into four groups.In one group the students spent five minutes delivering a lesson on the study material without notes.The other groups either spent the same time completing arithmetic （算术）problems,teaching with a script （讲稿）or writing down all they could remember from the text-a form of retrieval practice.A week later,all the students returned to the lab for a surprise test of their knowledge and understanding of the text.
The important finding is that the teaching-without-notes group and the retrieval-practice group outperformed the group that completed arithmetic problems and the group that taught with a script.In fact,the performance of the teaching-without-notes group and the retrieval-practice group was comparable.
The researchers said the result shows that the benefits of the learning-by-teaching method are caused by retrieval practice；that is,the learning-by-teaching method works only when the teaching involves retrieving the taught materials.
The new findings have a practical suggestion for how the learning-by-teaching method is used in education.In order to make sure that students learn and remember an educational material,they should internalize （内化）the material before presenting it to others,rather than depend on notes during the presentation process.
27. Why did the researchers do the study？ ______
A. To compare different methods of learning.
B. To test whether teaching can improve learning.
C. To find out the reason why people like teaching.
D. To check the reason for learning-by-teaching effect.
28. Paragraph 3 is mainly about ______ .
A. how long the study lasted B. who took part in the study
C. what result the study showed D. how the study was performed
29. What can we learn from the study？ ______
A. Teaching with a script is the best way of learning.
B. Teaching benefits learning because of retrieval practice.
C. Solving arithmetic problems is harder than doing other tasks.
D. Presenting with notes can help students remember a material.
D
Technology has done our world wonders：from development in medicine,travel,communication,to our day-to-day lives.It has undoubtedly changed the way our society works,and how we communicate with one another and ourselves.However,by completely welcoming technology as a part of everyday life,are we losing our ability to create？
Technology presents a new platform for creativity to exist （存在）on.Through technology,ideas can be set free and come to life in the physical world.We have the necessary tools for greater possibilities and new solutions.For example,businesses now have the opportunity to improve themselves more creatively through websites,film advertisements,social media or radio.
However,when we look more closely,it's easy to notice some disadvantages.For example,many of us depend so heavily on automated calculations（自动计算）nowadays,rather than taking the time to work it out for ourselves.Another obvious situation is that a lot of people are spending too much time on screens.As a result,they are reducing the opportunities to come up with their own creations.
Is there a way to find a balance between technology and human creativity？I think so.It is simply a matter of making sure that creativity is not by technology.The first way is to reduce our usage of digital devices（数字设备）by setting limits on when,where,and how long we use them,turning off the notifications （通知）on your phone,or putting your phone on "Do Not Disturb"．Once you become used to these,you will feel surprised how little you think about your phone.
Another wonderful way is to take daily walks in the nature.It can help you reset,rebalance,and keep going.In the long run,a daily walk can not only influence our creativity and imagination but further our physical and mental （思想的）health.We can also develop our creativity by doing yoga,keeping a journal,or reading.
The key to the survival （生存）of our creativity starts with us.Will you put your phone away when spending time with friends？Will you try to find happiness and purpose outside of a screen？The actions you choose to take will help change the relationship between creativity and technology for the better.
30. Why does the writer talk about businesses in Paragraph 2？ ______
A. To stress the importance of creativity.
B. To suggest good ways to develop technology.
C. To show the effect that technology has on creativity.
D. To explain the relationship between business and creativity.
31. The word "deterred" in Paragraph 4 probably means " ______ ".
A. examined B. controlled C. replaced D. prevented
32. The writer probably agrees that ______ .
A. limiting the usage of our phones can help us develop creativity
B. spending time on screens is the easiest way to keep people happy
C. turning off the notifications on the phone will make people worried
D. a daily walk does more good to physical health than to mental health
33. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage？ ______
A. Technology：How Does It Help Develop Creativity？
B. Creativity in a World of Technology：Does It Exist？
C. Technology and Creativity：Which Is More Important？
D. Technology and Creativity：How Do They Influence Each Other？
四、任务型阅读-简答（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）
34. On March 2，2022，world leaders at the 5th meeting of the United Nations Environment Assembly （UNEA）reached a historic agreement to solve the problems of plastic.They agreed that by 2024，they would create and sign a new treaty （条约）on plastics.The new treaty would create international laws that could help bring plastic waste under control.
Because plastic is useful for so many purposes,it has become a part of nearly all areas of our lives.It's hard to look anywhere without things made of plastic.It's reported that now 400 million tons of plastic is produced every year.By 2040，the number is expected to double.Although there's a lot of talk about recycling,only 9%of all the plastic ever created has been recycled.
Almost all kinds of plastic are made from some kind of oil.It gives off dangerous gases（气体）when it's produced and also when it's burned or buried（掩埋）in the ground.Scientists say plastics are responsible for 4.5%of the world's greenhouse gases.
Plastic doesn't break down like natural materials,such as wood.Instead,it just breaks into smaller and smaller pieces,and finally tiny bits of plastic called microplastics.In recent years,microplastics have been found almost everywhere,from the North Pole to Antarctica,from the top of the Earth's tallest mountain to the deepest point in the sea.They've even been found in the bodies of animals including humans.
The treaty is expected to cover the whole plastic "life cycle"，including making it,reusing it,recycling it,and getting rid of （处理）it.The treaty will also cover how to deal with microplastics in the oceans,on land,and in the things we eat.It is expected to lay out rules to get rid of single-use plastics as well.
Deciding on the specific rules and goals that will go in the treaty will probably be difficult.The treaty is likely to require all countries to take their own steps to meet the treaty's goals,and offer poorer countries money to help them meet the goals.
(1) How much plastic is produced every year now？ ______
(2) When does plastic give off dangerous gases？ ______
(3) What does plastic finally become when it breaks down？ ______
(4) What does the whole plastic "life cycle"include？ ______
(5) What do you think of the idea of creating the new treaty on plastics？Why do you think so？ ______
五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共25.0分）
35. 中国有一些传统节日，如春节、中秋节和端午节（the Dragon Boat Festival）。每个节日都有不同的习俗和意义。
假如你是李华，你校英语社团正在开展线上国际交流活动，其公众号计划推送有关中国传统节日的系列内容。请你用英语给公众号写一篇文稿，介绍一个中国的传统节日，包括时间，庆祝方式，以及这个节日的意义。
提示词语：get together,dinner,enjoy,wish
提示问题：•When is the festival？
•How do people usually celebrate the festival？
•Why is the festival important？
There are some traditional festivals in China._____________________________
设定目标对每个人都很重要。有了明确的目标，才有努力的方向，并产生前进的动力。
某英文网站正在开展以"明确目标，全力以赴"为主题的征文活动。假如你是李华，请用英文写一篇短文投稿，谈谈你近期的一个目标是什么，你为什么确定这个目标，以及为实现这个目标做出的努力。
提示词语：make progress,practice,keep,effort
提示问题：•What is your goal？
•Why do you set this goal？
•What do you do to achieve this goal？
Setting goals is very important for everyone.____________________________答案和解析
1.【答案】D
【解析】yours你的；his他的；hers她的；ours我们的。根据前句"My grandparents don't live with us,"可知，应是离我们的家很近。
故选：D。
我的祖父母不与我们住在一起，但他们的家离我们的很近。
仔细分析句子的结构，掌握名词性物主代词的用法。
2.【答案】B
【解析】at在某时刻，在几点；for时间长达......；on在具体某一天；in在某年、月、季节；根据题干中的"a few days（几天）"，可知用for+时间段，表示"时间长达......"。
故选：B。
去年夏天我和表哥在一起待了几天。
注意介词用法，结合语境，选择正确答案。
3.【答案】A
【解析】or否则；andhe；but但是；so因此、所以。分析前后句句意可知，空处的词应用or"否则"，引导并列句。
故选：A。
你应该马上开始工作，否则你不能按时完成。
正确辨析几个连词的汉语意思和用法，结合语境选择作答。
4.【答案】D
【解析】How怎么；Where在哪里；Why为什么；When什么时候。根据At 9：00 am"上午9：00"，可知，对时间提问用When。
故选：D。
--博物馆周末什么时候开放？
--上午9：00。
疑问词通常用来构成疑问句，要根据具体的语境，分清疑问词的用法，选择合适答案。
5.【答案】A
【解析】must必须；could能；may可以；would将会。根据There's only an hour left."只剩下一个小时了。"可知，我们"必须"赶快赶火车。
故选：A。
只剩下一个小时了。我们必须赶快赶火车。
情态动词在句中不受人称、性别、单复数变化的影响，但是要考虑时态，交际用法等。结合语境，选择正确答案。
6.【答案】D
【解析】根据One of和时间状语短语in 2021，可知此题考查固定短语"one of the +形容词最高级+名词复数"，表示"最...之一"。形容词的最高级前必须用the。
故选：D。
《长津湖》是2021年最受欢迎的电影之一。
形容词、副词的原级，比较级和最高级是考试的必考知识点，需充分掌握各种形式。做题时，结合句意，把握关键词，确定考点。
7.【答案】C
【解析】根据第一句句意"杰瑞，你能把电视关掉吗？"，可知第二句动词have的动作正在进行，故句子时态用现在进行时，其结构为"am/is/are+doing"，；主语Your father是第三人称单数，所以be动词用is；
故选：C。
杰瑞，你能把电视关掉吗？你父亲现在正在开视频会议。
考查动词时态，结合时间状语以及语境准确判断所应使用的时态。
8.【答案】C
【解析】win赢得；获得。选项A是第三人称单数形式；选项B是现在进行时；选项C是过去式；选项D是一般将来时。根据字面意思可知句子的时态是一般过去时，因此本题正确答案是C。
故选：C。
中国在2022年北京冬奥会上获得9块金牌。
解答本题首先根据句中结构和字面意思确定时态是一般过去时，再根据所给选项的不同形式选取正确答案。
9.【答案】B
【解析】根据"Mark fell over and hurt his feet"可知发生在过去；再结合while"当...的时候"可知，句子用过去进行时。
故选：B。
马克跑下台阶时摔倒了，伤了脚。
考查动词时态，结合时间状语以及语境准确判断所应使用的时态。
10.【答案】C
【解析】根据"Betty wants to buy her mother a birthday present"贝蒂想给她妈妈买一件生日礼物，可知句子为现在的情况，排除B项，再结合语境推测，她还没有决定好买什么，表示对现在的影响，用现在完成时态。
故选：C。
贝蒂想给她妈妈买一件生日礼物，但她还没有决定好买什么。
考查动词时态，结合时间状语以及语境准确判断所应使用的时态。
11.【答案】D
【解析】句子的主语This song和动词write之间是被动关系，结合时间状语ten years ago可知，此题语态为一般过去时态的被动语态，其构成是：was/were+过去分词。write的过去分词是written。
故选：D。
这首歌是十年前写的，但现在还有很多人喜欢它。
考查时态和语态，根据时间状语判断时态，根据主谓之间的主被动关系判断语态。
12.【答案】C
【解析】宾语从句保持陈述句的语序，排除答案A和D；根据答语Next Thursday.下周四。可知上句要用一般将来时，助动词will,后接动词原形。
故选：C。
---卡特先生，你能告诉我我们什么时候进行词汇测试？---下周四。
先根据语序排除不合适的选项，然后根据语境选择恰当的一项。
13~20.【答案】B、C、D、B、A、D、C、B
【解析】（1）形容词辨析。poor贫穷的；perfect完美的；disappointing令人失望的；normal正常的。根据"The other girls told her she was amazing."（其他女孩告诉她她很令人称奇）可知，她的表现很完美，句意：她参加体操队的选拔时，表现得非常完美。故选B。
（2）副词辨析。excitedly激动地；nervously紧张地；angrily生气地；proudly骄傲地。根据"Ellie's name wasn't on it."（艾莉的名字不在上面）可知，她很出色，但是却不在名单上，所以很生气，句意："我比你们所有人都更出色！"她生气地喊道。故选C。
（3）名词辨析。luck运气；performance表演；health健康；attitude态度。根据"I'm better than all of you!"（我比你们都好）可知，她自视甚傲，态度不好，句意：你很有才华，但你的态度很糟糕。故选D。
（4）动词辨析。invite邀请；encourage鼓励；choose选择；force强迫。根据"You can't make the team if you don't recognize how much everyone has to contribute,and...them to do it."（如果你没有意识到每个人都应该做出多少贡献，并...他们这样做，你就不可能组建一个团队。）可知，团队成员之间要互相鼓励，句意：如果你没有意识到每个人都应该做出多少贡献，并鼓励他们这样做，你就不可能组建一个团队。故选B。
（5）动词辨析。worry担心；surprise使惊讶；please使高兴；frighten使害怕。根据"At first she felt very happy to see"（开始她觉得很开心看见...）并结合后文"after watching Kim fall off the uneven parallel bars again and again"（在看到队友一次又一次摔下来之后）可知，开始很开心，但是后来看到队友一次又一次摔下来，便开始担心了，句意：但后来她开始担心了。故选A。
（6）形容词辨析。confident自信的；lonely孤独的；bored无聊的；satisfied满意的。根据"Kim accepted Ellie's suggestion,and did much better."（金姆接受了建议取得了进步）可知，金姆接受了建议取得了进步，所以艾莉很满意，句意：艾莉感到非常满意。故选D。
（7）动词辨析。won赢得；practiced练习；improved提升；celebrated庆祝。根据"The team...each time they competed,and they even won once!"（每次都有进步，甚至赢过）可知，每次都有进步，甚至赢过，句意：这个队每次比赛都有进步，甚至赢了一次！故选C。
（8）名词辨析。chance机会；effort努力；decision决定；dream梦想。根据"She knew that it was her...of becoming a better team player that was responsible for her success."（她知道是她...成为一个更好的团队成员，这是她成功的原因）可知，艾莉的努力让她自己成为一个更好的团队成员，句意：她知道是她努力成为一个更好的团队成员，这是她成功的原因。故选B。
本文讲述艾莉很优秀，但是名单上没有她，她很生气，教练让她明白团队的重要性。
首先要通读全文，了解文章大意，紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息，然后明确词意，结合排除法逐一选出答案，最后再通读全文核对答案。
21~23.【答案】A、D、B
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据Cash Daniels,12，clears rubbish from local rivers.25 kids often join him for the clean-ups.（12岁的Cash Daniels 清理当地河流中的垃圾。25孩子们经常和他一起清理。）可知，Cash Daniels帮助清理当地河流。故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据He has collected over 500，000 books for kids,（他为孩子们收集了50多万本书，）可知，Orion Jean 为孩子们收集了多少本书50多万。故选D。
（3）推理判断题。根据Lino encourages others to come up with ideas for inventions while solving everyday problems.（Lino Marrero鼓励其他人在解决日常问题的同时想出发明的想法。）可推理出，Lino Marrero 鼓励其他人发明新事物。故选B。
孩子们可以改变世界。短文介绍了四个了不起的孩子的故事。
首先，对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意；其次，细读题材，各个击破；再次，细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。
24~26.【答案】B、A、C
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第四段Emma,you're such a smart girl,but you're always daydreaming.（"艾玛，你真是个聪明的女孩，但你总是在做白日梦。"）可知，艾玛总是在做白日梦。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据第七段 Emma's mouth fell open."What a life that is,she thought.At that moment,Emma could see her future.She was going to be a vet and take care of horses too！（艾玛张大了嘴。"这是一种多么美好的生活啊，她想。在那一刻，艾玛看到了自己的未来。她也将成为一名兽医，照顾好马匹。）可知艾玛对兰登医生做兽医很感兴趣。故选A。
（3）细节推测题。根据第八段After school,Emma made new plans.She would spend an hour studying math before riding Star.She also decided to spend half an hour every night studying science even if she didn't have any homework.Doctor Landon said those were important subjects to study if you wanted to be a vet.（放学后，艾玛制定了新计划。她会在《骑马之星》之前花一个小时学习数学。她还决定每晚花半个小时学习科学，即使她没有任何家庭作业。兰登医生说，如果你想成为一名兽医，这些都是重要的学习科目。）可知艾玛制定新计划是因为她意识到她必须为她的梦想而努力学习。故选C。
本文主要讲述了艾玛很聪明，但她总是在做白日梦，直到兰登医生改变了她的学习态度，她开始制定计划，并为计划而努力学习。
首先，对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意；其次，细读题材，各个击破；再次，细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。
27~29.【答案】B、D、B
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据Researchers led by Aloysius Wei Lun Koh did a study to test their idea that teaching improves the teacher's learning because it forces the teacher to retrieve （检索）what they've learned.（由Aloysius Wei Lun Koh领导的研究人员进行了一项研究，以验证他们的观点，即教学可以改善教师的学习，因为它迫使教师检索他们所学的东西。）可知研究人员做这项研究是为了测试教学是否能改善学习。故选B。
（2）段落大意题。根据The researchers asked 124 students to spend ten minutes studying a text with numbers on a topic which is completely new to them.（研究人员让124名学生花10分钟学习一篇关于他们完全陌生的主题的数字课文。）可知第3段主要是关于研究是如何进行的。故选D。
（3）主旨大意题。通读全文，根据 Researchers led by Aloysius Wei Lun Koh did a study to test their idea that teaching improves the teacher's learning because it forces the teacher to retrieve （检索）what they've learned.（由Aloysius Wei Lun Koh领导的研究人员进行了一项研究，以验证他们的观点，即教学可以改善教师的学习，因为它迫使教师检索他们所学的东西。）可知我们可以从研究中学到：教学有利于学习，因为检索实践。故选B。
文章为如何在教育中使用教学法提供了一个切实可行的建议---应该内化在向他人展示材料之前，不要依赖于演示过程中的笔记。
通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
30~33.【答案】C、D、A、D
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据Technology presents a new platform for creativity to exist （存在）on.（科技为创造力提供了一个新的生存平台。）可知作者在第2段中谈到企业，是为了展示科技对创造力的影响。故选C。
（2）词义猜测题。根据Is there a way to find a balance between technology and human creativity？I think so.It is simply a matter of making sure that creativity is not by technology.（有没有办法在科技和人类创造力之间找到平衡？我想有的。这只是一个确保创造力不受科技--的问题。）联系前句可猜测出下划线deterred的意思应为：阻止。故选D。
（3）细节推理题。根据The first way is to reduce our usage of digital devices（数字设备）by setting limits on when,where,and how long we use them,turning off the notifications （通知）on your phone,or putting your phone on "Do Not Disturb"．（第一种方法是通过设置数字设备的使用时间、地点和使用时间的限制，关闭手机上的通知，或将手机设置为"请勿打扰"，来减少我们对数字设备的使用。）可推断出作者可能同意：限制手机的使用可以帮助我们培养创造力。故选A。
（4）最佳标题题。根据Is there a way to find a balance between technology and human creativity？（有没有办法在科技和人类创造力之间找到平衡？）可知文章主要讲述了科技和人类创造力的相互影响。故最佳标题应为：" 科技和创造力：它们是如何相互影响的？"故选D。
文章主要讲述了科技和人类创造力的相互影响。
通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
34.【答案】【小题1】400 million tons.
【小题2】When it's produced and also when it's burned or buried in the ground.
【小题3】Microplastics.
【小题4】Making it,reusing it,recycling it,and getting rid of it.
【小题5】Very good.Because it helps to control plastic waste,solve the problem of plastic pollution and protect the environment.
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据It's reported that now 400 million tons of plastic is produced every year.（据报道，现在每年生产4亿吨塑料。）可知，现在每年生产4亿吨塑料，故填：400 million tons.
（2）细节理解题。根据It gives off dangerous gases when it's produced and also when it's burned or buried in the ground.（塑料在生产过程中，以及在燃烧或埋在地下时，都会释放出危险气体。）可知，塑料在生产过程中，以及在燃烧或埋在地下时会释放危险气体，故填：When it's produced and also when it's burned or buried in the ground.
（3）细节理解题。根据it just breaks into smaller and smaller pieces,and finally tiny bits of plastic called microplastics.（它只是分解成越来越小的碎片，最后是被称为微塑料的塑料碎片。）可知，塑料分解后最终会变成塑料碎片，故填：Microplastics.
（4）细节理解题。根据The treaty is expected to cover the whole plastic "life cycle"，including making it,reusing it,recycling it,and getting rid of it.（该条约预计将涵盖塑料的整个"生命周期"，包括制造、再利用、回收和废弃。）可知，整个塑料"生命周期"包括制造、再利用、回收和废弃，故填：Making it,reusing it,recycling it,and getting rid of it.
（5）开放性题，答案合理即可。我认为建立新的塑料条约非常好，因为这有助于控制塑料废物，以解决塑料污染问题来保护环境，故填：Very good.Because it helps to control plastic waste,solve the problem of plastic pollution and protect the environment.
本文主要讲述到2024年，UNEA将制定并签署一项新的塑料条约。新条约将制定有助于控制塑料废物的国际法。决定条约中的具体规则和目标可能会很困难等问题。
理解问句，细读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息即可。
35.【答案】There are some traditional festivals in China.My favourite Chinese festival is the Spring Festival because I have lots of fun at the Spring Festival.（点题）【高分句型一】The Spring Festival is a popular holiday in our country.It is in January or February.（时间）Our family get together.We have a big dinner at my grandparents' home.I always eat a lot of delicious food.My cousin and I both get red packets from our grandparents.My parents usually go shopping with me.We buy some nice clothes for ourselves.【高分句型二】We often watch TV at home and sometimes read books.Sometimes,we greet other people on the phone.（如何庆祝）The Spring Festival is the most important for us Chinese because it's the beginning of a new year.（为什么重要）I'm always happy at the Spring Festival.（节日的感受）
【解析】【高分句型一】
My favourite Chinese festival is the Spring Festival because I have lots of fun at the Spring Festival .我最喜欢的中国节日是春节，因为我在春节有很多乐趣。because因为；引导原因状语从句。
【高分句型二】
We buy some nice clothes for ourselves.我们给自己买了一些漂亮的衣服。buy sth.for sb.给某人买某物。
能够根据提示进行书面表达，能够围绕主题准确使用一定的语法、词汇、短语和句型等，清楚连贯地表达自己的思想，进而完成写作任务。
36.【答案】Setting goals is very important for everyone.My goal in life is to become an excellent doctor in a big hospital.Because I want to help people to live healthier and longer.【高分句型一】（目标及原因．） To achieve this goal,I'm going to try my best to study hard and become the best student in our class.Then I'm going to go for a top medical university in China.I plan to read as many books as I can to get knowledge in my spare time.What's more,I will exercise more to make me stronger and stronger.（怎么做）I'm sure I can achieve my goal in the future.【高分句型二】
【解析】【高分句型一】
Because I want to help people to live healthier and longer.因为我想帮助人们活得更健康、更长寿。此句是一般现在时的原因状语从句。运用短语want to do sth "想要做某事"，短语help sb to do sth "帮助某人做某事"。
【高分句型二】
I'm sure I can achieve my goal in the future.我相信我在未来可以实现我的目标。此句是一般现在时的宾语从句，句子I can achieve my goal in the future.是be sure的宾语，运用短语achieve one′s goal"实现某人的目标"，短语in the future "在未来"。
本题是提纲作文，写作时能够根据提纲提示进行书面表达，能够围绕主题准确使用一定的语法、词汇、短语和句型等，清楚连贯地表达自己的思想，进而完成写作任务。
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