突破04 起承转合促进行文连贯(原卷版)-备战2022年新高考英语写作三合一突破
展开备战2022年新高考英语写作三合一突破突破04 起承转合促进行文连贯【技法演练】 在写作的过程中,在我们完成了审题的过程, 有了具体要点和整体布局后, 就要整合信息点, 让庞杂的内容变得富有逻辑性和层次感。在句与句内在衔接的基础上, 做到段落间的起承转合, 使文章有整体性、连贯性。学会正确使用连接词、衔接句, 能为写作助一臂之力。Ⅰ. 用好连接词在句与句之间、段与段之间恰当地使用一些承上启下的连接性词语是语言连贯性得以实现的最常用手段。连接性词语归纳如下: 1. 起始关系: to begin with, first of all, as we all know, as is known, as is shown in. . . , according to 等。As we all know, good learning habits contribute to efficient study. 2. 时间顺序: at the beginning, then, later, finally, at last, in the end, afterwards, since then, after that, immediately, meanwhile等。At the beginning, I collected all the things scattered in the rooms and put them in place. Then I wiped the dust off all the furniture. After that, I mopped the floor. 3. 条件关系: if, unless, in case(of), as/so long as, on condition that, provided(that)等。I would be very grateful if you could meet my uncle at the airport. 4. 转折关系: but, yet, however, while, otherwise, on the contrary, nevertheless等。However, not until the match was over did we realize that we lost it. 5. 因果关系: because, as, since, for, thanks to, due to, as a result of, so, therefore, as a result/consequence等。Therefore, there is no reason for us to look down upon ordinary jobs. 6. 并列关系: and, or, as well as, not only. . . but also. . . , either. . . or. . . , not. . . but. . . , neither. . . nor. . . 等。We will have a good time there and I will send you some photos taken there. 7. 递进关系: besides, what’s more, moreover, furthermore, what’s worse, still less, to make matters worse, worse still, more importantly等。Many of them can hardly look after themselves, still less manage their own lives. 8. 列举事实: such as, for example/instance, take. . . for example, that is to say, as follows, in other words, on the one hand. . . on the other hand. . . , for one thing. . . for another. . . 等。On the one hand, I can earn some money by doing it to help my parents; on the other hand, I can gain some experience from it, which will do good to my future life. 9. 表示观点: in my opinion, in my view, from my point of view, as far as I am concerned, as for me, personally等。 As far as I am concerned, they stand for love, friendship and unity. 10. 总结: in short, in brief, in conclusion, in a word, to sum up, all in all, on the whole, in general, generally speaking等。All in all, traveling is the best choice for us to enrich our lives and get ready for the new challenges. Ⅱ. 写好衔接句1. 引出开头It is well known to us that. . . 我们都知道……As far as my knowledge is concerned. . . 据我所知……Recently the problem of. . . has been brought into focus. =Nowadays there is growing concern over the problem of. . . 最近……问题引起了关注2. 表达不同观点People’s views on. . . vary from person to person. Some hold that. . . However, others believe that. . . People may have different opinions on. . . 人们对……可能会持有不同见解3. 表示结尾In short, it can be said that. . . 总之, ……意思是……From what has been mentioned above, we can come to the conclusion that. . . 从上面提到的, 我们可以得出结论……4. 提出建议It is high time that we put an end to the trend. 该是我们停止这一趋势的时候了。Only in this way can we. . . 只有这样, 我们才能……。5. 预示后果Obviously, if we don’t control the problem, the chances are that. . . will lead us in danger. 6. 表示观点As far as I am concerned/In my opinion. . . 就我来说……7. 给出原因或顺序For one thing, . . . for another thing, . . . On the one hand, . . . on the other hand. . . 一方面……另一方面……【技法强化】请根据上下文填写适当的连接词, 并体会其用法。Dear Lucy, I’m sorry to hear that you are having difficulty in learning math. is well known to us, math is playing a more and more important role in the development of science. You’d better have both feet on the ground in several aspects. , interest is the best teacher, try to get interested in it. , it’s really important to form a good habit of learning math. , you should make every effort to develop all kinds of abilities concerning learning math. Please remember that hard work pays off. Yours, Li HuaIII.恰当增加细节 根据高考英语作文的评分标准, 作文被分成了五个档次。其中分数较高的档次对于考生作文的要求都涉及了覆盖所有内容要点、使用较多语法结构和词汇、有效使用语句间的连接成分。其中, 一个重要的方面就是在作文中要注意细节的体现。具体方法如下: 1. 列举具体的实例进行补充说明【技法强化】(1)我们青少年应尽我们所能保护环境、拯救地球。We teenagers should do what we can to protect the environment and save the earth. →We teenagers should do what we can to protect the environment and save the earth. (例如), we can use recyclable bags instead of plastic bags, refuse to use single-use products, plant more trees and save water and energy. (2)我要花一些时间和父母在一起。I’ll spend some time staying with my parents. →I’ll spend some time staying with my parents, (和他们聊天,做一些家务). (3)我想找一个像我一样喜欢旅行的笔友。I would like to seek a pen pal who is interested in traveling just like me. →I would like to seek a pen pal who is interested in traveling just like me. (如果可能的话), we can travel together or share traveling. 2. 增添与所写信息相关的神态、动作、心理描写以及背景渲染等内容【技法强化】(1)我有时去村西的小河游泳。I went swimming in the river in the west of the village now and then. →I went swimming in the river in the west of the village now and then. The water in the river was very clear. (背景渲染)→ , I went swimming in the river in the west of the village now and then. (相关背景)(2)我发现了一些不良行为。I found some bad behavior. →I found some bad behavior. . (相关行为描述)3. 增加相关信息的时间、地点等内容(1)我要和父母一起去超市购物。I’m going to do some shopping with my parents in the supermarket. →I’m going to do some shopping with my parents in the supermarket and . (增加时间)(2)我已经带来了你让我归还的这两本书。I have taken with me the two books you asked me to return. →I have taken with me the two books you asked me to return . (增加地点)4. 适当增加与所给信息相关的原因、结果、条件、让步、手段、目的、地点等内容【技法强化】(1)假设你是李华, 你的英国笔友Henry最近来信询问你高考后的暑假安排。请根据下面要点写一封回信, 说明你的计划, 并简述理由。要点: 1. 休息; 2. 读书; 3. 参加社会活动。①I need a good rest. I’ll do some reading. →I need a good rest . Of course, I’ll do some reading for fun, and for knowledge as well. (因果关系)②I’ll take part in some social activities. → , I’ll take part in some social activities. (条件状语)→ , I’ll take part in some social activities. (条件状语) →If possible, I’ll take part in some social activities . (结果状语)(2)Tracy来电话说和你在咖啡屋(Bolton Coffee)的见面取消。Tracy called, saying that she couldn’t meet you at Bolton Coffee. →Tracy called, saying that she couldn’t meet you at Bolton Coffee . (原因状语)5. 结尾适当发挥, 写出个人感受、评价、希望、愿景、倡议等(1)Tired as I was this summer holiday, I felt very happy for what I did. (个人感受)(2)As far as I’m concerned, such activities are necessary and meaningful. (评价)(3)In a word, if she would like to learn Chinese, I hope she will do it well. (愿景)(4)As students, it’s our duty to protect our school environment and make it clean. (倡议)【语篇整合】 假如你是班长, 你们学校本周日将组织一次参观首都博物馆的活动, 请你写一则通知。相关内容如下: 安排: 1. 8: 00 在学校大门口集合, 集体乘车去首都博物馆; 2. 8: 40在导游的带领下参观首都博物馆; 3. 12: 00参观结束, 集体乘车返回学校。要求: 1. 参观过程中请自觉遵守公共秩序; 2. 馆内禁止拍照; 3. 参观后每人写一篇日记。注意: 1. 词数80左右; 2. 通知的开头已为你写好。Dear students, Attention, please.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【拓展运用】1假定你是某学校学生会成员,为了弘扬中国书法艺术,学校邀请著名书法家沈鹏到校举行书法讲座。请你用英语写一则书面通知,要点如下:1.讲座时间 、地点2.活动安排:听讲座,讨论,观摩即兴创作等。3..欢迎大家踊跃参加。提示:书法calligraphy 书法家calligrapher 即兴创作 improvise1.词数100左右;2.可适当增加细节使行文连贯。—————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————2假如你叫李华,你发现你的英国网友Lucy的生活方式不太健康,你想给她提些建议。请你用英语给她写封电子邮件,内容包括: 1.注意饮食的健康和平衡; 2.减少使用电子产品的时间; 3.运动和休息相结合。注意:1.词数80左右,短文的开头和结尾已经写好,不计入总词数; 2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连连贯。Dear Lucy,How are things going with you?______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,Li Hua3假设你是李华,你的家乡(Aksu)水源丰富,光照充足,今年苹果大丰收。为了在电商平台上吸引外国客人购买,请你用英语为其写一篇宣传稿,内容包括:1.介绍品质和价格;2.提供相关服务。注意:1.写作词数应为80左右;2.可适当添加细节,以使行文连贯;3.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 4阅读下面材料,根据其内容和段落开头续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。As a sixth grader, I began noticing how other kids were separating into groups. I wasn’t sure where I belonged. I found it hard to fit in.Our teacher had assigned “secret friends” for the coming week. She wrote each kid’s name on a piece of paper and threw them into a bucket, and then we each closed our eyes and drew the name of a classmate who we were to secretly befriend and support over the next five school days. By the middle of the week, everyone, including me, had turned this assignment into a contest to see whose secret friend could leave the best gift. We left bubble gum, lollipops and even money. It seemed that everyone was getting cool presents from their friend. Everyone except me.On the last morning of our assignment, I walked into my classroom and noticed there was a package on my desk. I ripped open the wrapping paper and just stared down at my desk. There sat a box of perfumed powder (香粉). The girls sitting near me giggled and went off about the “old lady” gift I had received. To make matters worse, the powder had already been opened. I felt my face turned red as I shoved (胡乱丢) it into my desk.I tried to forget about the embarrassing gift, but when I was in the bathroom during the break, the same girls who had seen me open the powder started talking trash about my secret friend of giving it to me. I quickly joined in. “How terrible,” I heard myself saying. “What could my friend be thinking by giving me such a stupid gift? My grandmother wouldn’t even want it.” The girls laughed at my remarks and filed out of the bathroom. I stayed to wash my hands and let the water run through my fingers as I thought about what I had just said. It wasn’t normally like me to say mean things like that about someone.注意:1. 续写词数应为150左右;2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Paragraph 1Then I saw my classmate Janet come out of a bathroom booth, tears streaming down her face. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph 2Along with my apologies, I explained the reason.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 5阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。As the most popular individual sport in America, jogging has enjoyed great popularity among people. The plain truth is that jogging is a cheap, quick and efficient way to maintain physical fitness.The most useful sort of exercise is exercise that develops the heart, lungs, and circulatory systems. If these systems are fit, the body is ready for almost any sport and for almost any sudden demand made by work or emergencies. Running trains your heart and lungs to deliver oxygen more efficiently to all parts of your body. It is worth noticing that this sort of exercise is the only kind that can reduce heart disease, the number one cause of death in America.Only one sort of equipment is needed—a good pair of shoes. Physicians advise beginning joggers not to run in a tennis or gym shoes. Many design advances have been made in only the last several years that make an excellent running shoe indispensable (不可或缺的) if a runner wishes to develop as quickly as possible, with as little chance of injury as possible. A good running shoe will have a soft pad for absorbing shock, as well as a slightly built-up heel and a full heel-cup that will give the knee and ankle more stability. a wise investment in good shoes will prevent blisters (起泡) and the foot, ankle and knee injuries and will also enable the wearer to run on paved or soft surfaces.No other special equipment is needed; you can jog in any clothing you desire, even your street clothes. In cold weather, several layers of clothing are better than one heavy sweater or coat. If joggers are wearing several layers of clothing, they can add or subtract layers as conditions change.It takes surprisingly little time to develop the ability to run. The American Jogging Association has a twelve-week program designed to move from a fifteen-minute walk to a thirty-minute run. A measure of common sense, a physical examination, and a planned schedule are all it takes.