第四题 七选五-2022年高三毕业班英语第X题满分练（北京专用）

第四题  七选五

例题  （2019年北京卷）

Much of the work in today’s world is accomplished(完成) in teams. Most people believe the best way to build a great team is to gather a group of the most talented individuals. ___46___Companies spend millions hiring top business people. Is their money well spent?

___47___They focused on football, basketball and baseball. The results are mixed. For football and basketball, adding talented players to a team proves a good method, but only up to the point where 70% of the players are top talent; above that level, the team’s performance begins to decline. Interestingly, this trend isn’t evident in baseball, where additional individual talent keeps improving the team’s performance.

To explain this phenomenon, the researchers explored the degree to which a good performance by a team requires its members to coordinate(协调) their actions. ___48___In baseball, the performance of individual players is less dependent on teammates. They conclude that when task interdependence is high, team performance will suffer when there is too much talent, while individual talent will have positive effects on team performance when task interdependence is lower. If a basketball star is, for example, trying to gain a high personal point total, he may take a shot himself when it would be better to pass the ball to a teammate, affecting the team’s performance. Young children learning to play team sports are often told, “There is no I in TEAM.” ___49___

Another possibility is that when there is a lot of talent on a team, some players may make less effort. Just as in a game of tug-of-war(拔河比赛), whenever a person is added, everyone else pulls the rope with less force.

___50___ An A-team may require a balance--not just A players, but a few generous B players as well.

A. It’s not a simple matter to determine the nature of talent.

B. Sports team owners spend millions of dollars attracting top talent.

C. The group interaction and its effect drew the researchers’ attention.

D. Stars apparently do not follow this basic principle of sportsmanship.

E. Several recent studies examined the role of talent in the sports world.

F. Building up a dream team is more complex than simply hiring the best talent.

G. This task interdependence distinguishes baseball from football and basketball.

【答案】46. B    47. E    48. G    49. D    50. F

【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章主要讲了建立一支最佳阵容球队比简单地雇佣最优秀的人才要复杂得多。一支一流球队可能需要一种平衡——不仅仅是最好球员，也需要一些有雅量的普通球员。

46. 上文说“大多数人相信建立一个伟大团队的最好方法就是聚集一群最有天赋的个人”。下文说“公司花费数百万雇佣顶级商业人士。”该空承上启下，也是在举例，B选项“运动队老板花费数百万美元吸引顶尖人才。”切题，故选B。

47. 下文说“他们专注于足球、篮球和棒球。结果有好有坏。”这些都属于体育方面，该空引出下文，E选项“最近的几项研究调查了体育世界中人才的作用。”切题，故选E。

48. 上文说“为了解释这一现象，研究人员探索了一场好的表现要求队员们协调他们行动的程度”，下文说明了研究结果，该空承上启下，G选项“这项任务的相互依赖性使棒球区别于足球和篮球。”切题，故选G。

49. 上文说了“一个球星为了个人得分，而影响团队的表现”，该空承接上文，D选项“球星显然没有遵守运动员精神的基本原则”切题，故选D。

50. 下文说“一支一流球队可能需要一种平衡——不仅仅是最好球员，也需要一些有雅量的普通球员。”该空引出下文，F选项“建立一支最佳阵容球队比简单地雇佣最优秀的人才要复杂得多。”切题，故选F。

一、七选五01

根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Figure skating (花样滑冰) got its name from the designs, or “figures”, that are made on century. Very complicated and elaborate (精美的) patterns invented by the skater were drawn on the ice with the skater’s blades (冰刃). Some designs that were created included rosettes (花结), stars and crosses. ____1____ .

The only year special figures took place in the Olympics was in 1908. Nikolai Panin of Russia won the event and was Russia’s first Olympic Champion.

Figures were the most important part of the original Olympic figure skating events. ____2____ For that reason, the general public was not all that excited about watching figure skating at the first Olympics.

In the mid-1930s, Olympic Champion Sonja Henie, increased the popularity of figure skating, ____3____. Her beauty and athletic ballet style increased figure skating’s popularity worldwide.

How has figure skating changed since it first started thousands of years ago, and why?

Ice skating began about 4, 000 years ago in Finland. ____4____. The first skates were made of flattened bone that was tied to the bottom of the feet. In the 13th century, the Dutch invented steel blades with edges (刃). In the Netherlands, all classes of people skated. James II introduced ice skating to the British noblemen in the late 1600s. Queen Victoria also enjoyed ice skating.

Today, ice skating can actually be done year-round since there are indoor ice arenas all over the world. ____5____, even though the majority of ice skaters are children and teens

A．People of all ages participate in ice skating

B．Each special figure was really a work of art

C．However, it was regarded as rude by the British royal family

D．Figure skating was quite popular even before the first Olympics

E．However, they were not fun for the audience to watch or understand

F．Ice skating was a way for people to travel over frozen waters in the winter months

G．She introduced the idea of white figure skates and short skating skirts

二、七选五02

根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Career coaches provide a series of services, from helping you figure out what you want to do to exploring chances for career growth. ____6____ To make it all worthwhile, some helpful tips are offered here to help you choose a right coach.

Know what type of professional you need to hire. ____7____ In other words, they help you explore your future career possibilities and figure out what is stopping you from advancing in your development.

____8____ Go into your coaching relationship with an idea of what you think you need from them, but be willing to think about their guidance on what other measures may make you more successful- for example, Business Value training to make sure you’ll be satisfied in a new job.

Try sample lessons to find the right one. Most coaches offer free sample lessons, which help you get to know their styles clearly. You may need a coach with career experiences, or you may need one who offers life advice. If you aren’t sure what you want, ask questions. ____9____

Consider cost, and make contact. Coaching fees are not the same. Some coaches charge more for polishing resumes, while others include that in the overall price. ____10____ Once you’re clear about it, you can make your decision and communicate with the chosen coach.

A．Make sure you have a well-designed resume.

B．You need to understand what you’re receiving for the expense.

C．Career coaches also provide services for your personal training.

D．Thus, you can assess whether the coach understands your needs.

E．Engaging with a career coach requires an investment of time and money.

F．Know which services you need and be open to services you don't know you need.

G．Career coaches can help you decide how to make full use of your professional potential.

三、七选五03

根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

The secret to managing your time wisely is figuring out a system that works for you as quickly as possible. Let three simple principles guide you.

Write it down. There’s no reason why you need to expect your brain to remember everything you have to do and when you have to do it. You can make a to-do list and enter it into your phone.____11____Whatever you decide to use to track your life, be sure to put all the information in the same place. In fact, take all the relevant due dates from each class syllabus(教学大纲)and enter the information into a single location. You need to see the big picture and keep track of the little things at the same time.

____12____Let the things you want to do be the reward for doing the things that you have to do. You can hang out with friends or watch a favorite television show after working hard on your study.____13____However, if you can get yourself into a cycle of rewarding yourself after you’ve performed your responsibilities, then it gets easier and easier to do.

Do as much as you can before dinner. Generally speaking, you should treat your academic tasks as your full-time job.____14____Your “job” as a college student should include attending class, completing homework, actively reading, thinking critically about what you’re learning, practicing and preparing for tests, and meeting with classmates and instructors.____15____

A．It means a 40-hour work week.

B．A part-time job is also beneficial to you.

C．And a time management App is also useful.

D．Work hard, play hard — just do the work first.

E．Reward yourself by hanging out with your friends.

F．This particular principle is much easier said than done. .

G．If highly productive before dinner, you will have much time left.

四、七选五04

根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Meeting new people is a great way to broaden your horizons, expand your social circle- or swap it for a new one. Most of us are looking to make regular friends and if possible, true, soul friends.____16____

Identify opportunities. We let chances to make friends pass us by every day. ____17____. Instead of forcing a little small talk with your kindly neighbors, ask them in for a cup of tea and get to know them... You’ll be surprised by how many potential friends there already are in your orbit.

____18____. Joining a group, club or class is an effective way to meet people. Pursue a skill you are enthusiastic about, because then you will have a good time and feel more at ease striking up a conversation.

Allow yourself to be vulnerable (易受伤害的). ____19____. What if your overtures (主动表示) are rejected? A degree of vulnerability is needed in trying to strike up friendships. Put plainly, keeping yourself to yourself isn’t going to help you. Letting others in on plans is simple ways to share, which will help build closeness and trust.

Use Technology widely. Social media can be hugely beneficial for making friends. Apps can be a good starting point, as can platforms. ____20____. The more we rely on apps, the less practice we have with the kinds of conversations and experiences that really allow us to create close friendships.

A．Follow your interests.

B．Turn to community for help.

C．Here are some ways to get out there.

D．It can be scary trying to make friends.

E．But they do not replace personal interactions.

F．They’re perfect ways of expanding your social circle.

G．Have the courage to take small steps when opportunities arise.

五、七选五05

根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Wherever we go, we are surrounded by history. Across the globe, cultural heritage (遗产) is passed down through the generations. Yet we fight a never ending and very expensive war to preserve it for the future. And today, it is under attack as never before. Technology is often seen as something that destroys the past. ____21____ .

Creating copies via 2D images is extremely laborious and time-consuming. AI technologies are being used to do all the required sourcing, allowing lots of images to be cross-referenced and stored in a matter of hours. ____22____. AI will also make   restoration and preservation of existing   cultural heritage far easier and vastly superior to previous methods.

Airborne technology ( 机载技术) is being increasingly used in the fight to preserve our cultural heritage. ____23____. LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) has already been used to reveal   over 60,000 Mayan structures that were lying undiscovered in the jungles of Guatamala, without needing a single boot on the ground. Drones ( 无人机) are also being used to excellent effect, documenting and monitoring huge areas and removing the need for all that costly manpower.

Human interaction with the most important sites and architecture is doing a great deal of harm. Virtual reality (VR) technology will play a leading role in preserving our cultural heritage in the coming years. ____24____, VR technology will gradually become the way that people experience them. We’ll all eventually be able to walk through places, look at (and touch!) artifacts and works of art without ever seeing them with our own eyes.

____25____. Efforts in research, data sharing and project work will need to be pooled internationally. Using the technical expertness of specialist organizations will become ever more important to sustainably promote and preserve the cultural heritage of countries all across the world.

A．It is being used to save and find it

B．Technology has shaped conflict in several ways

C．But it is now the most essential weapon in the battle

D．Our cultural heritage will be protected via technology

E．This will enable even more accurate and better copies to be created

F．As more cultural heritage sites and objects are digitally mapped and recorded

G．When it measures distances by hitting a target and analyzing the reflected light

六、七选五06

根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

It has been shown that watching English movie trailers (预告片) can improve your English vocabulary and thinking skills.____26____

The first step is to find them. Go to YouTube and do a search for something like “official trailer”.____27____You can choose some that look interesting. Animated films can be an especially good choice for English practice no matter how old you are. These films are usually humorous and relatable. To find animated films, try doing a search for something like “animated official trailer”.

Make sure the video you choose offers closed captions (字幕), which you will use later. You can find the closed caption mark at the bottom of the video. It may be listed as “CC” or something else. Keep in mind that trailers more than five or seven years old may not offer closed captions on YouTube.____28____

Next, watch the video at a normal speed without closed captions. Try to understand what the story is about overall. Then watch it again to seek more details.____29____It will give you an idea of whether the dialogue is too fast or difficult for your skill level.

____30____Find the “CC” setting at the bottom of the video and click the captions. This can help you in several ways. You can confirm whether you understand the dialogue in your first viewing, make clearer any dialogue you do not understand, and connect the sound of words with their spellings. You can also write down a few of the new words in a notebook or on your mobile phone.

A．So choose newer videos.

B．Several film trailers will appear.

C．They may sound a little strange at a slower speed.

D．With this method, you are testing your English skills.

E．Then watch the video again, this time with closed captions.

F．Besides, try using your notebook as you learn English in your everyday life.

G．Now let’s talk about steps you can take to get the most out of watching them.

七、七选五07

根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Cycling is a healthy and fun activity that can be enjoyed by anyone. It is also cheap and very good for the environment. Are you wondering whether you should start cycling?

It will improve your cardiovascular（心血管的）health. ____31____ That's because when you're cycling, your heart will beat much faster than it usually does, which is something that promotes good heart health.

It will strengthen and tone your muscles. Working out regularly will help you to keep a lean body. When you are cycling you are not only exercising the muscles in the front of your legs, but also in your back, arms, and core. ____32____ A number of studies have shown that the more someone cycles, the healthier their muscles are.

____33____ There is a lot of scientific research that supports the idea that exercising helps to decrease stress levels. Therefore, if you find that you are getting stressed too often, then you should consider purchasing a bike and going for a cycle two to three times a week.

It improves your brain power. Cycling is an activity that helps with the formation of brain cells in your hippocampus（海马体）, the area of your brain that is used for memory and starts to decline once you pass thirty. ____34____ Researchers also have found that just a 5％ increase in cardiorespiratory（心肺的）fitness from jumping on a bike can lead to a 15% increase in mental tests.

It will help you lose weight. If you want to burn off those extra calories, then cycling is a great way to do so. A person who cycles at a speed of 10mph for an hour will burn around 260 calories. ____35____

A．It helps to ease your anxiety.

B．It will keep you self-motivated.

C．It really is a total body workout.

D．So, you'll be desperate to go out there and buy yourself a bike.

E．Charles Hillman claimed that cycling helps to decrease the risk of memory loss.

F．Those who cycle a lot are less likely to suffer from heart attacks or have a stroke.

G．However, just because you hope to keep the pounds off via cycling, you aren't allowed to eat whatever you like.

八、七选五08

根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

When you feel down, you are expecting to receive support or comfort from your friends. Your friends feel the same way. However, it may be not easy to cheer up your friends when you can’t be by their side. ____36____

Ask if there’s anything you can do to help. Different people prefer to be comforted in different ways. Ask if there’s anything specific you can do to help your friends.____37____ While you’re talking on the phone, say something like, "What can I do to help? I’m always here if you need anything.

____38____ This simple gesture can really brighten your friends’ day. If your friends are in need of comfort, send them frequent reminders that you’re thinking of them. Share something that reminded you of them. It will let your friends know that they’re still important in your life even if they’re far away.

List why you think they’re special.____39____ Send them a list of all the reasons why you think they’re amazing. Whether it be their kind and compassionate (富有同情心的) nature, their sense of style, or their ability to find the coolest music, tell them why you are so grateful to know them. After reading what you have listed, they will feel encouraged.

Send them a gift. Surprise them with something special to make their day. Arrange for flowers to be delivered to their apartment or mail them one of their favorite albums. ____40____ A homemade gift, like a knitted (针织的) scarf or a piece of artwork, will lift their spirits all the same.

A．Send a gift to them to celebrate their success.

B．Thankfully, there are many ways you can help.

C．Therefore, you can visit them to cheer them up.

D．Text them to let them know they’re on your mind.

E．You don’t have to go all out in terms of spending.

F．If they’ve been down on themselves lately, they may need a reminder.

G．The question alone will show you care, and they will appreciate your kind offer.