所属成套资源:2022年高三英语一轮复习之语法填空
专题06 语法填空之名词专项-2022年高三英语一轮复习之语法填空
展开这是一份专题06 语法填空之名词专项-2022年高三英语一轮复习之语法填空,共15页。
语法填空之名词专项
用单词的适当形式完成句子
1.The world needs all kinds of creatures---without____(vary), our planet cannot survive. (所给词适当形式填空)
2.Filled with ___ (curious), the artist packed his bags and left.(用单词适当形式填空)
3.Historical ____ (accurate) is important but so is entertainment.(用单词适当形式填空)
4.But for tourists like me, pandas are its top_____________(attract) (所给词的适当形式填空)
5.Then, handle the most important task first so you'll feel a sense of____________________(achieve).(所给词的适当形式填空)
6.I filled in the______________(apply)form and sent it off. (所给词的适当形式填空)
7.When they were free from work, they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting___________(compete)to watch, together with the story behind it. (所给词的适当形式填空)
8.This book requires a great deal of_____________.(concentrate)(所给词的适当形式填空)
9.I was looking forward to working under her____________(guide).(所给词的适当形式填空)
10.Besides having an impressive academic ________ (perform), I was actively involved in student activities. (所给词的适当形式填空)
11.The sense of ______(responsible) for our country makes teenagers study harder than before. (所给单词适当形式填空)
12.Her mother praised her good ________ (behave) in front of the guests. (所给单词适当形式填空)
13.Doctors say her chances of ________ (survive) are good. (用所给单词适当形式填空)
14.He showed great courage and_______ (determine). (用所给单词适当形式填空)
15.After that, I will pay a visit to some tourist ________ (attract) to widen my horizons. (所给单词适当形式填空)
16.Though the doctors did their best, the patient’s ________ (recover) was slow. (用所给单词适当形式填空)
17.She has plenty of _______(imagine). (用所给单词适当形式填空)
18.With________ (generous), he offered to pay for my education. (用所给单词适当形式填空)
19.Mark has tried to find a simple ________(solve) to the drug problem. (所给单词适当形式填空)
20.Many patients are not getting the medical __________ (treat) they need. (所给词的适当形式填空)
21.We will go to Mount Huang, one of the most famous tourist ______(spot)in China. (所给词的适当形式填空)
22.This programme was set up with an __________(intend)of providing help for homeless people. (用所给单词适当形式填空)
23.His books are full of __________ (repeat) and useless information. (所给词的适当形式填空)
24.If you can’t get any __________ (satisfy) , complain to the director. (所给词的适当形式填空)
25.Later,they learned to work with the ___ (season),planting at the right time and,in dry areas, _____ (make)use of annual floods to irrigate(灌溉)their fields.(用适当的单词填空)
26.The children waited patiently in ____________ (expect) of the magician. (所给词的适当形式填空)
27.Chinese New Year is a ______ (celebrate) marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring.(用单词适当形式填空)
28.When he heard someone calling his name, he looked back in ________.(amaze) (用所给单词适当形式填空)
29.It’s illegal to read people’s private letters without _______ (permit). (用单词适当形式填空)
30.I don’t think I am ___ failure because I believe _______(fail) is the mother of success. (所给单词适当形式填空)
31.Sharing with friends helped me bring back my ________ (confident) and fit in with others. (用单词的适当形式填空)
32.Illness and age changed him beyond____ (recognize). (用单词适当形式填空)
33.For many who made it to Dawson, however, the ___________(reward) were worth the difficult trip.
34.It was a great ______________ (achieve) that only a month later a global agreement was reached.(所给词的适当形式填空)
35.We appreciated his __________ (devote) of time and money to the project. (用单词适当形式填空)
36.The job of the new director was to ensure that __________(perform) targets were met. (所给词的适当形式填空)
37.If the exercise causes __________ (comfort), stop immediately. (用单词适当形式填空)
38.Columbus is one of the most famous ___________ (explore) in the world. (用单词适当形式填空)
39.He was deep in conversation with his ___________ (account).(用所给单词适当形式填空)
40.(2017新课标卷Ⅱ·语法填空)In 1863the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London. It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible __________ (crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and from work.
41.Every language has its own special words and ____________(express). (用所给单词适当形式填空)
42.…it can’t be better if you can tell us some ____________ (trick) about how to paint.(用所给单词适当形式填空)
43.Activities all take place under the ____________ (guide) of an experienced teacher. (用所给单词适当形式填空)
44.It may take a long time to find a _________ (solve) to the problem. (所给词的适当形式填空)
45.The doctors had given her up but the made an excellent ___________(recover). (用所给单词适当形式填空)
46.I have an ___________ (apologize) to you—I’m afraid I opened your letter by mistake. (用所给单词适当形式填空)
47.The editor is short of ________ (contribute) for the May issue of the magazine. (所给单词适当形式填空)
48.He likes beautiful ______ (surround) with green trees and colorful flowers. (用所给单词适当形式填空)
49.Almost all job applicants are determined to leave a good ___________ (impress) on a potential employer. (用所给单词适当形式填空)
50.No one knows how the world came into__________(exist). (所给词的适当形式填空)
语法填空之名词专项解析版
用单词的适当形式完成句子
1.The world needs all kinds of creatures---without____(vary), our planet cannot survive. (所给词适当形式填空)
【答案】variety
【详解】
考查名词。句意:世界需要各种各样的生物——没有多样性,我们的星球就无法生存。根据空格前的介词without可知,此处应用vary的名词形式variety“多样性”,为不可数名词,作介词宾语。故填variety。
2.Filled with ___ (curious), the artist packed his bags and left.(用单词适当形式填空)
【答案】curiosity
【详解】
考查名词。句意:怀着好奇心,艺术家收拾行囊离开了。with为介词,后跟名词curiosity作宾语,表示“好奇心”。故填curiosity。
3.Historical ____ (accurate) is important but so is entertainment.(用单词适当形式填空)
【答案】accuracy
【详解】
考查名词。句意:历史的准确性很重要,但娱乐也很重要。此处做主语,位于形容词historical之后,应使用名词,意为“历史的准确性”。故填accuracy。
4.But for tourists like me, pandas are its top_____________(attract) (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】attraction
【详解】
考查名词。句意:但对于像我这样的游客来说,大熊猫是巨大的吸引。分析句子可知,此处应填attract的名词attraction“吸引”作为句子表语,该词作为此义时是抽象意义,不可数,故填attraction。
5.Then, handle the most important task first so you'll feel a sense of____________________(achieve).(所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】achievement
【详解】
考查名词。句意:首先解决最重要的任务,这样你就会有成就感。分析句子可知,此处应用achieve的名词achievement作为介词of的宾语,且此处的“成就”是抽象意义,不可数,故填achievement。
6.I filled in the______________(apply)form and sent it off. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】application
【详解】
考查名词。句意:我填好了申请表并寄了出去。分析句子结构可知,空处需用名词作定语修饰名词form,apply的名词application“申请”,符合题意;名词作定语时,需用单数。故填application。
7.When they were free from work, they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting___________(compete)to watch, together with the story behind it. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】competition
【详解】
-考查名词。句意:当他们不上班时,他们就会邀请我们去看当地的赛事,领略一场有趣的竞赛,以及比赛后面的故事。分析句子结构可知,此处用compete的名词competition作为介词of的宾语,由an判断用单数名词,故填competition。
8.This book requires a great deal of_____________.(concentrate)(所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】concentration
【详解】
考查词性转换。句意:这本书需要集中注意力。分析句子可知,空中的词作介词of的宾语,应用名词形式,故填concentration。
9.I was looking forward to working under her____________(guide).(所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】guidance
【详解】
考查名词。句意:我期待在她的指导下工作。分析句子可知,此处应用名词作为介词under的宾语,该词是抽象名词,不可数,under one's guidance“在某人的指导下”。故填guidance。
10.Besides having an impressive academic ________ (perform), I was actively involved in student activities. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】performance
【详解】
考查名词。句意:除了成绩优异之外,我还积极参与学生活动。根据句意及空前an impressive academic可知,此处使用名词performance的单数形式,作having的宾语。故填performance。
11.The sense of ______(responsible) for our country makes teenagers study harder than before. (所给单词适当形式填空)
【答案】responsibility
【详解】
考查名词。句意:对国家的责任感使青少年学习比以前更加努力。根据该空前的介词of 可知,该空应该填名词,responsible的名词形式是responsibility,意为“责任感”,在该句中作介词of的宾语,sense of responsibility是固定短语,意为“责任感”。故填responsibility。
12.Her mother praised her good ________ (behave) in front of the guests. (所给单词适当形式填空)
【答案】behavior
【详解】
考查名词。句意:她母亲表扬了她在客人面前的良好行为。分析句子可知,good为形容词,意为“好的”,后接名词,behave意为“表现”,动词词性,对应的名词为behavior,意为“行为”,此处表抽象意义,不可数,在句中作宾语。故填behavior。
13.Doctors say her chances of ________ (survive) are good. (用所给单词适当形式填空)
【答案】survival
【详解】
考查名词。句意:医生说她存活的机会很大。分析句子结构,结合空前的介词of可知这是一个名词所有格,所以需要填入名词形式,提示词survive(存活)为动词,名词形式为survival,survival是不可数名词,构成短语chances of survival表示“存活的机会”,作宾语从句的主语,故填survival。
14.He showed great courage and_______ (determine). (用所给单词适当形式填空)
【答案】determination
【详解】
考查名词。句意:他表现出极大的勇气和决心。分析句子可知,此处使用名词形式作宾语,因此使用determine的名词形式determination。故填determination。
15.After that, I will pay a visit to some tourist ________ (attract) to widen my horizons. (所给单词适当形式填空)
【答案】attractions
【详解】
考查名词。句意:之后,我将参观一些旅游景点,以开阔我的视野。分析句子可知,设空处应填名词作宾语,attract意为“吸引”,动词词性,attraction意为“向往的地方,有吸引力的事”,为可数名词,tourist attraction意为“旅游景点”,根据some可知,应用attraction的复数形式attractions。故填attractions。
16.Though the doctors did their best, the patient’s ________ (recover) was slow. (用所给单词适当形式填空)
【答案】recovery
【详解】
考查名词。句意:尽管医生们尽了最大的努力,病人的恢复还是很慢。根据名词的所有格可知,后接名词形式作主语。根据was可知,用名词的单数形式。故填recovery。
17.She has plenty of _______(imagine). (用所给单词适当形式填空)
【答案】imagination
【详解】
考查名词。句意:她有丰富的想象力。句中用名词作宾语,且名词imagination为不可数名词。根据句意,故填imagination。
18.With________ (generous), he offered to pay for my education. (用所给单词适当形式填空)
【答案】generosity
【详解】
考查名词。句意:他慷慨地提出支付我的学费。介词with后接名词作宾语。故填generosity。
19.Mark has tried to find a simple ________(solve) to the drug problem. (所给单词适当形式填空)
【答案】solution
【详解】
考查名词。句意:马克试图找到解决药物问题的简单方法。该空前的find是一个及物动词,后跟名词作宾语,solve的名词形式是solution,意为“方法”,由上文的a可知,应用单数名词。故填solution。
20.Many patients are not getting the medical __________ (treat) they need. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】treatment
【详解】
考查名词。句意:许多病人没有得到他们所需的治疗。此处作宾语应用名词treatment,表示“治疗”为不可数名词。故填treatment。
21.We will go to Mount Huang, one of the most famous tourist ______(spot)in China. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】spots
【详解】
考查名词的数。句意:我们将去黄山,中国最著名的旅游景点之一。one of the +最高级+可数名词复数,表“最……之一”,此空用可数名词复数形式,可数名词spot(景点)。故填spots。
22.This programme was set up with an __________(intend)of providing help for homeless people. (用所给单词适当形式填空)
【答案】intention
【详解】
考查名词。句意:创办这次活动的目的是为无家可归的人提供帮助。分析句子结构可知,此处应用名词作介词with的宾语,intend的名词形式是intention,故填intention。
23.His books are full of __________ (repeat) and useless information. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】repetition
【详解】
考查名词。句意:他的书里尽是重复的话和无用的信息。分析句子结构可知,跟在介词of后需接名词,作宾语,再结合句意“重复”为repetition,为不可数名词。故填repetition。
24.If you can’t get any __________ (satisfy) , complain to the director. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】satisfaction
【详解】
考查名词。句意:如果你有任何不满,就向主任投诉。分析句子可知,该处“any(任何的)”修饰名词,作宾语,并且根据语境可知,该处为抽象意义的满意,应用不可数名词。故填satisfaction。
25.Later,they learned to work with the ___ (season),planting at the right time and,in dry areas, _____ (make)use of annual floods to irrigate(灌溉)their fields.(用适当的单词填空)
【答案】seasons making
【详解】
考查名词复数。句意:后来,他们学会了因地制宜,在适当的时间播种,在干旱地区,利用每年的洪水来灌溉农田。分析句子,提示词的词性为为可数名词,应用复数形式。故填seasons。
26.The children waited patiently in ____________ (expect) of the magician. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】expectation
【详解】
考查名词。句意:孩子们耐心等待期待着奇迹。in是介词,后面接名词作宾语,in expectation of期望……。故填expectation。
27.Chinese New Year is a ______ (celebrate) marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring.(用单词适当形式填空)
【答案】celebration
【详解】
考查名词。句意:中国新年是一个庆祝冬天的结束和春天的开始。不定冠词a后接名词形式。故填celebration。
28.When he heard someone calling his name, he looked back in ________.(amaze) (用所给单词适当形式填空)
【答案】amazement
【详解】
考查名词。句意:当他听到有人叫他的名字,他惊讶地回头看。in amazement表示“惊讶地”,是固定短语,故填amazement。
29.It’s illegal to read people’s private letters without _______ (permit). (用单词适当形式填空)
【答案】permission
【分析】
本题考查词汇的语法语境应用能力。
【详解】
考查名词。句意:未经允许看别人的私人信件是不合法的。根据空前without为介词,所填空应是名词。permit,动词,意为“允许;许可”,其名词形式为permission。故填permission。
30.I don’t think I am ___ failure because I believe _______(fail) is the mother of success. (所给单词适当形式填空)
【答案】a failure
【详解】
考查冠词和名词。句意:我不认为我是一个失败者,因为我相信失败是成功之母。第一空中,failure表示“失败者”,为可数名词,此处为泛指应用不定冠词,且failure是发音以辅音音素开头的单词,应用a;第二空,believe后跟省略了关系词的宾语从句,从句中作主语,表示“失败”应用名词failure,为不可数名词。故填①a;②failure。
31.Sharing with friends helped me bring back my ________ (confident) and fit in with others. (用单词的适当形式填空)
【答案】confidence
【详解】
考查名词。句意:与朋友分享帮我找回了自信,并与他人相处融洽。分析句子可知,此处应用名词confidence“信心”作动词短语bring back的宾语,该词是抽象名词,不可数。故填confidence。
32.Illness and age changed him beyond____ (recognize). (用单词适当形式填空)
【答案】recognition
【详解】
考查固定短语。句意:疾病和年龄使他认不出来了。分析句子可知,空中的词放在介词beyond的后面,作宾语,应用名词形式,beyond recognition认不出来,该短语是固定短语,故填recognition。
33.For many who made it to Dawson, however, the ___________(reward) were worth the difficult trip.
【答案】rewards
【详解】
考查名词。句意:然而,对许多到过Dawson的人来说,这些报酬是值得这样艰难的旅行的。分析句子可知,本空缺少主语,报酬( rewards)要用复数,因为有许多人,所以有许多报酬,要填名词rewards。
34.It was a great ______________ (achieve) that only a month later a global agreement was reached.(所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】achievement
【详解】
考查名词。句意:仅仅一个月后就达成了一项全球协议,这是一项伟大的成就。该句中,it是形式主语,后面that引导的主语从句是句子真正的主语,该空作句子表语,用名词,前面有不定冠词修饰,用名词单数,所以填achievement。
35.We appreciated his __________ (devote) of time and money to the project. (用单词适当形式填空)
【答案】devotion
【详解】
考查名词。句意:我们感谢他为这个项目投入的时间和金钱。his为形容词性物主代词后接名词devotion作宾语;devote的名词为devotion“投入,奉献”,不可数名词。故填devotion。
36.The job of the new director was to ensure that __________(perform) targets were met. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】performance
【详解】
考查名词。句意:新主管的工作是确保达到业绩目标。 根据句意,所填词应该是名词,修饰名词target;perform是动词,名词形式为performance。故填performance。
37.If the exercise causes __________ (comfort), stop immediately. (用单词适当形式填空)
【答案】discomfort
【详解】
考查名词。句意:如果运动引起不适,立即停止。分析句子结构可知,空处填名词作宾语,再结合句意可知,discomfort意为“不适”,与题意相符,故填discomfort。
38.Columbus is one of the most famous ___________ (explore) in the world. (用单词适当形式填空)
【答案】explorers
【详解】
考查名词复数。句意:哥伦布是世界上最著名的探险家之一。one of + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数,该用法是固定用法,所以填explorers。
39.He was deep in conversation with his ___________ (account).(用所给单词适当形式填空)
【答案】accountant
【详解】
考查名词。句意:他正和他的会计深入交谈。分析句子可知,his意为“他的”,为形容词性物主代词,后应接名词,account意为“账户”,名词词性,但不符合句意,accountant意为“会计”,名词词性,句中指他和他的会计交谈,符合句意。故填accountant。
40.(2017新课标卷Ⅱ·语法填空)In 1863the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London. It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible __________ (crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and from work.
【答案】crowds
【详解】
考查名词。句意:1863年,世界上第一条地下客运铁路在伦敦开通。它的长度不到7公里,人们上下班时可以避开路上可怕的人群。根据句意可知,此处表示复数概念“许多人”,用crowds。故填crowds。
41.Every language has its own special words and ____________(express). (用所给单词适当形式填空)
【答案】expressions
【详解】
考查名词。句意:每种语言都有其特殊的词汇和表达。空处应填一个名词作动词has的宾语,表示具体的表达时,expression是可数名词,此处和words并列,应用复数形式,故填expressions。
42.…it can’t be better if you can tell us some ____________ (trick) about how to paint.(用所给单词适当形式填空)
【答案】tricks
【详解】
考查名词。句意:如果你能告诉我们一些绘画的诀窍,那就再好不过了。分析句子可知,句中涉及固定短语“tell sb. sth.”,意为“告诉某人某事”,trick意为“诀窍”,为可数名词,空格前有some修饰,故空格处应用trick的复数形式tricks,作tell的直接宾语。故填tricks。
43.Activities all take place under the ____________ (guide) of an experienced teacher. (用所给单词适当形式填空)
【答案】guidance
【详解】
考查名词。句意:所有的活动都在有经验的老师的指导下进行。根据空格前的冠词 the可知空格处填名词guidance“指导”,是不可数名词,此处作介词 under 的宾语。故答案为guidance。
44.It may take a long time to find a _________ (solve) to the problem. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】solution
【详解】
考查名词。句意:找到问题的解决方法可能会花费很长时间。a solution to sth.解决……的办法。solve的名词是solution;设空处前为a,应用单数形式;故填solution。
45.The doctors had given her up but the made an excellent ___________(recover). (用所给单词适当形式填空)
【答案】recovery
【详解】
考查名词。句意:医生们已放弃了对她的希望,但她恢复得很好。根据上文an excellent 可知应填单数名词recovery,作宾语,故填recovery。
46.I have an ___________ (apologize) to you—I’m afraid I opened your letter by mistake. (用所给单词适当形式填空)
【答案】apology
【详解】
考查名词。句意:我向你道歉,恐怕我错开了你的信。分析句子可知,空格前有不定冠词an修饰,故空格处应填名词,apologize意为“道歉”,动词词性,对应的名词为apology,意为“道歉”,在句中作宾语,符合句意。故填apology。
47.The editor is short of ________ (contribute) for the May issue of the magazine. (所给单词适当形式填空)
【答案】contributions
【详解】
考查名词。句意:这个编辑缺少该杂志五月号的稿件。contribute是动词,意为:投稿。前面有短语“is short of”意为:缺乏,缺少。后面需接名词形式做宾语。而contribution做“稿件”讲时是可数名词,故填contributions.
【点睛】
contribution做“贡献”讲时,是不可数名词,常用于短语“make contribution to…”中,意为:为……做出贡献。contribution做“稿件”讲时,是可数名词。
48.He likes beautiful ______ (surround) with green trees and colorful flowers. (用所给单词适当形式填空)
【答案】surroundings
【详解】
考查名词。句意:他喜欢有绿树和五颜六色的花的美丽的环境。分析句子可知,surround意为“围绕”,动词词性,beautiful意为“美丽的”,形容词词性,后应接名词作句子宾语,surround对应的名词为surrounding意为“环境”,为可数名词,句中无不定冠词修饰,故应用复数形式surroundings,表示美丽的环境,符合句意。故填surroundings。
49.Almost all job applicants are determined to leave a good ___________ (impress) on a potential employer. (用所给单词适当形式填空)
【答案】impression
【详解】
考查固定短语。句意:几乎所有求职者都决定对潜在的雇主留下一个好印象。短语 leave a good impression 意为“留下好印象”。前有冠词a ,后应为名词,impress的名词形式为 impression,故填 impression。
50.No one knows how the world came into__________(exist). (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】existence
【详解】
考查名词。句意:没有人知道世界是怎样形成的。分析句子可知,该空需要填名词作介词into的宾语,所给词是动词exist(存在),其名词existence是抽象名词,不可数。固定短语come into existence(形成),符合句意和句法。故填existence。
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