专题09 语法填空之独立主格结构专项-2022年高三英语一轮复习之语法填空

这是一份专题09 语法填空之独立主格结构专项-2022年高三英语一轮复习之语法填空，共12页。
语法填空之独立主格结构专项 用单词的适当形式完成句子1．_________ (accomplish) the homework, he went out to meet his friends.2．________ (practice) English every day, you’ll master it well step by step.3．What a pity that ________ (work) so hard, he fails again!4．________ (see ) those pictures, she remembered her childhood.5．There is mud and water everywhere, ________ (make) it difficult to travel from place to place.6．________ (investigate) the event careful, he found something he had not known before.7．The children ran out of the room, ________ (laugh) and talking merrily.8．________ (follow) the old man, the young people started walking slowly.9．Time ________ (permit), we’d better have a rest at this weekend.10．They stood there for half an hour ________ (observe) the stars in the sky.11．________ (judge) from what he said, she must be an honest girl.12．The big fire lasted nearly two day, ________ (leave) nothing valuable.13．________ (know) his address, I can’t return this book to him.14．________ (travel) by car, we visited many places of interest in Beijing.15．It ________ (be) the National Day today, the streets are very crowded.16．Supplies have been handed out to those _________ houses were destroyed in the earthquake.17．It won’t be long ________ the final exam comes, so be prepared.18．Weather _________ (permit), the two teams will have a fierce competition tomorrow.19．Childish _________ it may sound, my new year resolution is to stop all the wars.20．If you can choose _________ third foreign language, which one will it be?21．The old man appears _________ (break) his leg. Call the ambulance immediately!22．It _________ (report) that the employment rate has been on the increase since May.23．It is the training that he received at school _________ made him a successful writer.24．Only if Kate _________ (climb) to the top of the mountain can she have a great view of the city.25．_________ the graphic(图表) shows, the sale this year decreased by 20 percent. 26．____________ (bury) in the novel, the boy didn’t raise his head and forgot to eat anything.27．____________ (addict) to the computer games, Alice hardly goes to work.28．____________ (know) the address and any information, I wasn’t able to contact him.29．____________ (show) around Tian’anmen Square, the tourists were taken to visit the Palace Museum.30．Housing price is rising sharply. Such ____________ (be) the case, we are very lucky to have a house of our own.31．____________ (translate) into three foreign languages, the book sells well.32．____________ (beat), children were not discouraged by the result.33．____________ (write) in a hurry, this composition was not well constructed.34．____________ (suffer) from heart trouble for years, Professor White has to take some medicine with him wherever he goes.35．The building ____________ (build) now is said to be intended for students not for teachers.36．Jason is saving a sum of money ______ (buy) a new house for his family.37．People value EQ much more than before, believing it is EQ ______ gets us promoted.38．______(absorb) in writing his new novel, Steve didn’t notice evening approaching.39．In art criticism, you must assume that the artist has a message ______ (hide) within his/her work.40．______ the important exam around the corner, I became busier and busier.41．During your life journey, some people you meet may let you down ______ more will help you grow.42．I’m tired out. I stayed up the whole night, ______ (study) for my project due today.43．If I hadn’t met Jim in the library that day, I ______ (miss) the chance of owning a true friend.44．Life is like a race ______ we all compete with ourselves against time.45．Praise not only brings joy to those who ______ (praise) but also adds pleasure to those who praise. 46．With a lot of homework ___________ （do）， I decided not to watch the performance with you. 47．The moon rose elegantly from the valley, the whole mountain____________(bathe)itself in mysterious moonlight. 48．China’s image is improving steadily, with more countries ______ (recognize) its role in international affairs. 49．With their eyes______(focus) on the blackboard, the students didn’t know what happened outside the classroom. 50．More time ___________(give), we should have done the job much better.
参考答案 1．Having accomplished2．Practicing3．working4．Seeing5．making6．Investigating7．laughing8．Following9．permitting10．observing11．Judging12．leaving13．Not knowing14．Traveling15．being【分析】考查分词结构做状语。1．考查现在分词作时间状语。句意：他完成作业后，出去见他的朋友们了。“完成作业”的动作先于句子的谓语动作发生，且he与accomplish之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词的完成式Having accomplished。2．考查现在分词作条件状语。句意：如果你每天练习英语，你会逐步掌握它。practice与you之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故用Practicing。3．考查现在分词作状语。句意：多么遗憾！尽管学习非常努力，他又失败了。现在分词做状语，故用working。4．考查现在分词作时间状语。句意：看到那些画，她想起了她的童年。she与see之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，且与谓语动作同时发生，故用现在分词的一般式Seeing。5．考查现在分词作结果状语。句意：到处都是泥和水，使得出行非常困难。分析句子结构可知，这里应用现在分词作结果状语，填making。6．考查现在分词作时间状语。句意：他仔细研究这个事件时，发现了一些从前不知道的东西。现在分词做状语，填Investigating。7．考查现在分词作伴随状语。句意：孩子们跑出教室，愉快地笑着、说着。分析句子结构可知，这里应用现在分词作伴随状语，故填laughing。8．考查现在分词作伴随状语。句意：这些年轻人跟在老人后面，开始慢慢地走起来。分析句子结构可知，the young people与follow之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故此处要用现在分词作伴随状语，故填Following。9．考查独立主格结构。句意：时间允许的话，我们最好在这个周末休息一下。此处为独立主格结构，Time是permit的逻辑主语，两者之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故应用动词-ing形式permitting。10．考查现在分词作伴随状语。句意：他们在那儿站了半个小时，观察天空中的星星。现在分词做伴随状语，故填observing。11．考查现在分词的习惯性用法。句意：从他所说的来判断，她一定是个诚实的女孩。judging from sth. “根据……（如所见、所闻或所学）来判断”，故填Judging。12．考查现在分词作结果状语。句意：大火持续了近两天，没剩下什么有价值的东西。这里leaving作结果状语。13．考查现在分词作原因状语。句意：因为不知道他的地址，我不能把这本书还给他。分析句子结构可知，I与know之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，且根据句意可知，要用现在分词的否定形式Not knowing。14．考查现在分词作方式状语。句意：我们乘车游览了北京的许多名胜古迹。travel表示的动作与句子的谓语动作同时发生，且we与travel之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词的一般式Traveling。15．考查独立主格结构。句意：今天是国庆节，街上很拥挤。此句就相当于“As it is the National Day today, the streets are very crowded”，为独立主格结构，故填being。 16．whose17．before18．permitting19．as20．a21．to have broken22．is reported23．that24．climbs25．As【分析】16．考查定语从句的关系词。句意：物资已分发给那些在地震中房屋被毁的人。根据those为先行词，指人，空格处与后面的houses是所属关系。故填whose。17．考查连词。句意：离期末考试不远了，所以要做好准备。固定句型It won’t be long before…“过不了多久，用不了多久”。故填before。18．考查非谓语动词。句意：如果天气允许，两队明天将进行一场激烈的比赛。此处是“名词+现在分词”构成的独立主格结构。故填permitting19．考查连词。句意：听起来很幼稚，但我的新年决心是停止所有的战争。此处是as引导的让步状语从句，要用部分倒装，且从句为系表结构，childish放在句首。故填as。20．考查冠词。句意：如果你可以选择另一门外语，你会选哪一种？根据third foreign language 可知此处是a+序数词，a表示“又一，再一”。故填a。21．考查不定式的完成时态。句意：那位老人似乎摔断了腿。马上叫救护车！根据Call the ambulance immediately!可知老人应该是已经摔断了腿，应该用完成时态，且appear后接动词不定式。故填to have broken。22．考查固定句式。句意：据报道，自五月份以来就业率一直在上升。此处是固定句式It is reported that…“据报道…”，it是形式主语，that从句谓语是has been。故填is reported23．考查强调句型。句意：他在学校所受的训练使他成为一个成功的作家。分析句子可知，此处是一个强调句，被强调部分是the training that he received at school。故填that。24．考查动词和时态。句意：只有当凯特爬到山顶时，她才能看到这个城市的美景。根据Kate 和can she have可知此处应用动词一般现在时。且主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数。故填climbs。25．考查连词。句意：如图所示，今年的销售额下降了20%。分析句子成分可知，主语为the graphic(图表)，谓语为shows，再根据句意，可知此处要用连词as“正如……一样”，引导定语从句，指代整个主句。故填As。【点睛】第7小题考查了it作形式主语中的It+be+过去分词+that从句用法。It+be+过去分词+that从句，这类过去分词有：announced，believed，expected，hoped，decided，reported，said，show等，如：It is reported that 16 people were killed in the earthquake.It is not decided who will give the operation to the patient. 26．Buried27．Addicted28．Not knowing29．Having been shown30．being31．Translated32．Beaten33．Written34．Having suffered35．being built【分析】本大题为单句语法，用所给短语的正确形式填空。做这种练习时，首先分析每个句子，根据具体的语境来判断缺少的部分在句子所做的成份确定其时态及语态，是谓语还是非谓语。更要注意的是有些是固定搭配和习惯用法，从而正确地完成本题。26．考查动词-ed形式作状语。句意：那个男孩专心致志于小说中头也不抬，忘记了吃东西。分析句子可知，此句中的bury是修饰主语the boy，表示主语的状态。“be buried in…”为固定短语，意为“专心致志于……”，此处省略了主语the boy和be动词，完整句应为：As the boy was buried in the novel，应用动词-ed形式作原因状语，故填Buried。27．考查动词-ed形式作状语。句意：由于沉溺于网络游戏，Alice几乎不去上班。此处是be addicted to的省略，逻辑主语是Alice，与主句主语是一致，可省略主语和系动词was，故应用动词-ed形式作原因状语。故填Addicted。28．考查动词-ing形式作状语。句意：我不知道地址和任何信息，所以不能和他取得联系。主句主语I和know之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故应用动词-ing形式作状语。根据句意可知，要用否定式，故填Not knowing。29．考查非谓语动词。句意：参观完天安门广场，游客们被带去参观故宫博物馆。show sb. around意为“带领某人参观”。动词show与the tourists之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，并且这个动作在句子的谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生，故用现在完成时的被动语态。故填Having been shown。30．考查独立主格结构。句意：房价上涨很快。这种情况，我们拥有一幢自己的房子已很幸运。such is the case为固定用法，意为“情况就是这样”。分析句子可知，such与后面的主语we不一致，此时非谓语的逻辑主语such不能省略，此时表示一种状态，因此要用非谓语中的being the case，such being the case为独立主格结构。故填being。31．考查动词-ed形式作状语。句意：这本书被译成三种外语，销路很好。动词translate与逻辑主语the book之间是被动关系，故应用动词形式作伴随状语。故填Translated。32．考查动词-ed形式作状语。句意：虽然输了，孩子们并没有因为这个结果而泄气。Children是beat的逻辑主语，和beat之间构成逻辑上的被动关系，故应用动词-ed形式作让步状语。故填Beaten。33．考查动词-ed形式作状语。句意：因为写的匆忙，这篇文章构思得不好。分析句子结构可知，write与this composition之间为被动关系，故应用动词-ed形式作原因状语。故填Written。34．考查非谓语动词。句意：因为患了心脏病多年，无论去哪儿怀特教授都不得不带着些药。Professor White与动词suffer之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，并且这个动作在句子的谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生，所以用动词-ing形式的完成式。故填Having suffered。35．考查非谓语动词。句意：现在正在建的那栋楼据说是为学生而不是为教师建的。由句中的now可知，此处表示动作正在进行，又因动词build与the building之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故应用动词-ing形式的被动形式。故填being built。 36．to buy37．that38．Absorbed39．hidden40．With41．while/but42．studying43．would have missed44．where45．are praised【分析】36．考查非谓语动词。句意：Jason正在存钱给家人买一栋新房。分析句子结构可知，句中存在be动词is作谓语，　①　　　 (buy) a new house for his family做目的状语，因此使用buy的不定式形式to buy。故填to buy。37．考查强调句式。句意：人们比以往更重视情商了，相信正是情商才使得我们进步的。分析句子成分可知，EQ 　　　gets us promoted是完整句子，故此处是强调句式，结构为“it is+名词+that+句子”，因此使用that组成强调句型。故填that。38．考查形容词。句意：Steve专注于写新小说，他没有注意到快要黑天了。分析句子成分并翻译语境可知，be absorbed in是固定搭配意为“专注于”切合题意，且句中存在谓语动词didn’t notice，因此使用形容词absorbed。故填absorbed。39．考查非谓语动词。句意：在艺术评论中，你必须假设艺术家在作品背后有隐藏着的信息。分析句子结构可知，句中存在谓语动词has，且message与hide之间是被动关系，因此使用hide的过去分词形式hidden。故填hidden。40．考查介词。句意：考试临近了，我变得越来越忙了。分析句子成分可知，此处使用“with+宾语+宾语补足语”结构做状语，故填With。41．考查连词。句意：在认识的旅途中，你遇到的人可能会让你失望，然而更多的是让你成长。根据句意可知，前后句之间存在转折关系，因此使用while“然而”或but。故填while/but。42．考查非谓语动词。句意：我累坏了，熬夜一宿研究今天的项目。分析句子结构可知，句中存在谓语动词stayed，且I与study之间为主动关系，因此使用study的现在分词形式studying。故填studying。43．考查虚拟语气。句意：如果那天我没在图书馆遇见Jim，我就会失去找到新朋友的机会了。分析句子成分并翻译语境可知，此处是虚拟语气句，if条件句是对过去的虚拟，主句应使用would have done形式。故填would have missed。44．考查定语从句。句意：生活就像是一场赛跑，在这次竞赛中我们都在与我们自己比赛。分析句子结构可知，此句是定语从句，先行词是race，在从句中作地点状语，因此使用关系词where引导定语从句。故填where。45．考查动词时态和语态。句意：表扬不仅会给那些被表扬的人带来快乐，也会给表扬者带来快乐。分析句子成分并翻译语境可知，先行词是those，在定语从句中做主语，故从句谓语动词与those一致，与praise之间为被动关系，结合前后文可知此处使用一般现在时。因此使用praise的一般现在时被动语态形式are praised。故填are praised。【点睛】虚拟语气是高考命题中的难点，变化很多。虚拟语气从本质上看，是主动避开陈述语气的表达，因为陈述语气是已经发生的事情已然的表述，而虚拟语气则表达不可能发生的事情。如小题8，主句中I would have missed the chance of owning a true friend，是虚拟后的结果，肯定转为否定可以倒推成陈述语气：I would not miss the chance of owning a true friend；从句可倒推陈述语气为：I had met Jim in the library that day。故原句的陈述语气表达为If I had met Jim in the library that day, I would not miss the chance of owning a true friend，可知此句为下表中的最后一种形式。陈述语气的动词形式虚拟语气中的动词形式am/is/areweredo/doesdidwas/werehad beendidhad donewill bewould bewould bewould have beenwould dowould have done 46．to do【详解】考查独立主格结构。句意：由于有很多作业要做，我决定不和你一起看演出。此处是with的复合结构，do要以非谓语的形式出现。根据下文“ I decided not to watch the performance with you”可知，作业还未完成，用不定式表将来。此处是with a lot of homework for me...省略了for me，非谓语动词do与逻辑主语“我”之间是主动关系，应用不定式的一般形式。故填to do。47．bathing【详解】考查独立主格结构和现在分词。句意：月亮从山谷里优雅地升起，整个高山沐浴在神秘的月光中。分析句子可知，The moon rose elegantly from the valley是主句，没有连词连接，故the whole mountain　　①　　(bathe)itself in mysterious moonlight是独立主格结构做状语，mountain与bathe是主动关系，故用现在分词，故填bathing。【点睛】 48．recognizing【分析】本题考查词汇的语境语法应用能力。【详解】考查with复合结构。句意：随着更多的国家认识到中国在国际事务中的作用，中国的形象正在稳步提升。分析可知，所填动词位于with复合结构中，即：with sth+doing/done，more countries和recognize之间是主动关系，因此用现在分词形式。故填recognizing。49．focused【详解】考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，主句的主语是 the students， 谓语动词didn’t know，the students didn’t know what happened outside the classroom与前一句之间没有连词，而且是逗号，因此逗号前一句是with+名词+分词构成独立结构作状语，focus应该用非谓语形式，根据focus与逻辑主语eyes之间是被动关系，故要用过去分词focused。故填focused。

 50．given【详解】考查独立主格结构。句意：如果被给更多时间，我们应该把这份工作做得更好。句中没有连词，说明不能使用状语从句表示条件关系，要用独立主格结构，句中more time与give构成被动关系，要用“逻辑主语+过去分词”的形式。所以要填given。