专题06 语法填空之名词专项-2022年高三英语一轮复习之语法填空

这是一份专题06 语法填空之名词专项-2022年高三英语一轮复习之语法填空，共15页。
语法填空之名词专项 用单词的适当形式完成句子1．The world needs all kinds of creatures---without____（vary）, our planet cannot survive. （所给词适当形式填空）2．Filled with ___ (curious), the artist packed his bags and left.（用单词适当形式填空）3．Historical ____ (accurate) is important but so is entertainment.（用单词适当形式填空）4．But for tourists like me, pandas are its top_____________(attract) (所给词的适当形式填空)5．Then, handle the most important task first so you'll feel a sense of____________________(achieve).(所给词的适当形式填空)6．I filled in the______________(apply)form and sent it off. (所给词的适当形式填空)7．When they were free from work, they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting___________(compete)to watch, together with the story behind it. (所给词的适当形式填空)8．This book requires a great deal of_____________.(concentrate)(所给词的适当形式填空) 9．I was looking forward to working under her____________(guide).(所给词的适当形式填空)10．Besides having an impressive academic ________ (perform), I was actively involved in student activities. (所给词的适当形式填空）11．The sense of ______(responsible) for our country makes teenagers study harder than before. （所给单词适当形式填空）12．Her mother praised her good ________ (behave) in front of the guests. （所给单词适当形式填空）13．Doctors say her chances of ________ (survive) are good. （用所给单词适当形式填空）14．He showed great courage and_______ (determine). （用所给单词适当形式填空）15．After that, I will pay a visit to some tourist ________ (attract) to widen my horizons. （所给单词适当形式填空）16．Though the doctors did their best, the patient’s ________ (recover) was slow. （用所给单词适当形式填空）17．She has plenty of _______(imagine). （用所给单词适当形式填空）18．With________ (generous), he offered to pay for my education. （用所给单词适当形式填空）19．Mark has tried to find a simple ________(solve) to the drug problem. （所给单词适当形式填空）20．Many patients are not getting the medical __________ (treat) they need. (所给词的适当形式填空）21．We will go to Mount Huang, one of the most famous tourist ______（spot）in China. (所给词的适当形式填空）22．This programme was set up with an __________（intend）of providing help for homeless people. （用所给单词适当形式填空）23．His books are full of __________ (repeat) and useless information. (所给词的适当形式填空）24．If you can’t get any __________ (satisfy) , complain to the director. (所给词的适当形式填空）25．Later，they learned to work with the ___ (season)，planting at the right time and，in dry areas， _____ (make)use of annual floods to irrigate(灌溉)their fields.（用适当的单词填空）26．The children waited patiently in ____________ (expect) of the magician. (所给词的适当形式填空)27．Chinese New Year is a ______ (celebrate) marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring.（用单词适当形式填空）28．When he heard someone calling his name, he looked back in ________.(amaze) （用所给单词适当形式填空）29．It’s illegal to read people’s private letters without _______ (permit). (用单词适当形式填空)30．I don’t think I am ___ failure because I believe _______(fail) is the mother of success. （所给单词适当形式填空）31．Sharing with friends helped me bring back my ________ (confident) and fit in with others. （用单词的适当形式填空）32．Illness and age changed him beyond____ (recognize). (用单词适当形式填空)33．For many who made it to Dawson, however, the ___________(reward) were worth the difficult trip.34．It was a great ______________ (achieve) that only a month later a global agreement was reached.（所给词的适当形式填空）35．We appreciated his __________ (devote) of time and money to the project. （用单词适当形式填空）36．The job of the new director was to ensure that __________(perform) targets were met. (所给词的适当形式填空）37．If the exercise causes __________ (comfort), stop immediately. （用单词适当形式填空）38．Columbus is one of the most famous ___________ (explore) in the world. （用单词适当形式填空）39．He was deep in conversation with his ___________ (account).（用所给单词适当形式填空）40．（2017新课标卷Ⅱ·语法填空）In 1863the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London. It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible __________ (crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and from work.41．Every language has its own special words and ____________(express). （用所给单词适当形式填空）42．…it can’t be better if you can tell us some ____________ (trick) about how to paint.（用所给单词适当形式填空）43．Activities all take place under the ____________ (guide) of an experienced teacher. （用所给单词适当形式填空）44．It may take a long time to find a _________ (solve) to the problem. (所给词的适当形式填空)45．The doctors had given her up but the made an excellent ___________(recover). （用所给单词适当形式填空）46．I have an ___________ (apologize) to you—I’m afraid I opened your letter by mistake. （用所给单词适当形式填空）47．The editor is short of ________ (contribute) for the May issue of the magazine. （所给单词适当形式填空）48．He likes beautiful ______ (surround) with green trees and colorful flowers. （用所给单词适当形式填空）49．Almost all job applicants are determined to leave a good ___________ (impress) on a potential employer. （用所给单词适当形式填空）50．No one knows how the world came into__________(exist). （所给词的适当形式填空）                             语法填空之名词专项解析版  用单词的适当形式完成句子1．The world needs all kinds of creatures---without____（vary）, our planet cannot survive. （所给词适当形式填空）【答案】variety【详解】考查名词。句意：世界需要各种各样的生物——没有多样性，我们的星球就无法生存。根据空格前的介词without可知，此处应用vary的名词形式variety“多样性”，为不可数名词，作介词宾语。故填variety。2．Filled with ___ (curious), the artist packed his bags and left.（用单词适当形式填空）【答案】curiosity【详解】考查名词。句意：怀着好奇心，艺术家收拾行囊离开了。with为介词，后跟名词curiosity作宾语，表示“好奇心”。故填curiosity。3．Historical ____ (accurate) is important but so is entertainment.（用单词适当形式填空）【答案】accuracy【详解】考查名词。句意:历史的准确性很重要，但娱乐也很重要。此处做主语，位于形容词historical之后，应使用名词，意为“历史的准确性”。故填accuracy。4．But for tourists like me, pandas are its top_____________(attract) (所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】attraction【详解】考查名词。句意：但对于像我这样的游客来说，大熊猫是巨大的吸引。分析句子可知，此处应填attract的名词attraction“吸引”作为句子表语，该词作为此义时是抽象意义，不可数，故填attraction。5．Then, handle the most important task first so you'll feel a sense of____________________(achieve).(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】achievement【详解】考查名词。句意：首先解决最重要的任务，这样你就会有成就感。分析句子可知，此处应用achieve的名词achievement作为介词of的宾语，且此处的“成就”是抽象意义，不可数，故填achievement。6．I filled in the______________(apply)form and sent it off. (所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】application【详解】考查名词。句意：我填好了申请表并寄了出去。分析句子结构可知，空处需用名词作定语修饰名词form，apply的名词application“申请”，符合题意；名词作定语时，需用单数。故填application。7．When they were free from work, they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting___________(compete)to watch, together with the story behind it. (所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】competition【详解】-考查名词。句意：当他们不上班时，他们就会邀请我们去看当地的赛事，领略一场有趣的竞赛，以及比赛后面的故事。分析句子结构可知，此处用compete的名词competition作为介词of的宾语，由an判断用单数名词，故填competition。8．This book requires a great deal of_____________.(concentrate)(所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】concentration【详解】考查词性转换。句意：这本书需要集中注意力。分析句子可知，空中的词作介词of的宾语，应用名词形式，故填concentration。9．I was looking forward to working under her____________(guide).(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】guidance【详解】考查名词。句意：我期待在她的指导下工作。分析句子可知，此处应用名词作为介词under的宾语，该词是抽象名词，不可数，under one's guidance“在某人的指导下”。故填guidance。10．Besides having an impressive academic ________ (perform), I was actively involved in student activities. (所给词的适当形式填空）【答案】performance【详解】考查名词。句意：除了成绩优异之外，我还积极参与学生活动。根据句意及空前an impressive academic可知，此处使用名词performance的单数形式，作having的宾语。故填performance。11．The sense of ______(responsible) for our country makes teenagers study harder than before. （所给单词适当形式填空）【答案】responsibility【详解】考查名词。句意：对国家的责任感使青少年学习比以前更加努力。根据该空前的介词of 可知，该空应该填名词，responsible的名词形式是responsibility，意为“责任感”，在该句中作介词of的宾语，sense of responsibility是固定短语，意为“责任感”。故填responsibility。
 12．Her mother praised her good ________ (behave) in front of the guests. （所给单词适当形式填空）【答案】behavior【详解】考查名词。句意：她母亲表扬了她在客人面前的良好行为。分析句子可知，good为形容词，意为“好的”，后接名词，behave意为“表现”，动词词性，对应的名词为behavior，意为“行为”，此处表抽象意义，不可数，在句中作宾语。故填behavior。13．Doctors say her chances of ________ (survive) are good. （用所给单词适当形式填空）【答案】survival【详解】考查名词。句意：医生说她存活的机会很大。分析句子结构，结合空前的介词of可知这是一个名词所有格，所以需要填入名词形式，提示词survive（存活）为动词，名词形式为survival，survival是不可数名词，构成短语chances of survival表示“存活的机会”，作宾语从句的主语，故填survival。14．He showed great courage and_______ (determine). （用所给单词适当形式填空）【答案】determination【详解】考查名词。句意：他表现出极大的勇气和决心。分析句子可知，此处使用名词形式作宾语，因此使用determine的名词形式determination。故填determination。15．After that, I will pay a visit to some tourist ________ (attract) to widen my horizons. （所给单词适当形式填空）【答案】attractions【详解】考查名词。句意：之后，我将参观一些旅游景点，以开阔我的视野。分析句子可知，设空处应填名词作宾语，attract意为“吸引”，动词词性，attraction意为“向往的地方，有吸引力的事”，为可数名词，tourist attraction意为“旅游景点”，根据some可知，应用attraction的复数形式attractions。故填attractions。16．Though the doctors did their best, the patient’s ________ (recover) was slow. （用所给单词适当形式填空）【答案】recovery【详解】考查名词。句意：尽管医生们尽了最大的努力，病人的恢复还是很慢。根据名词的所有格可知，后接名词形式作主语。根据was可知，用名词的单数形式。故填recovery。17．She has plenty of _______(imagine). （用所给单词适当形式填空）【答案】imagination【详解】考查名词。句意：她有丰富的想象力。句中用名词作宾语，且名词imagination为不可数名词。根据句意，故填imagination。18．With________ (generous), he offered to pay for my education. （用所给单词适当形式填空）【答案】generosity【详解】考查名词。句意：他慷慨地提出支付我的学费。介词with后接名词作宾语。故填generosity。19．Mark has tried to find a simple ________(solve) to the drug problem. （所给单词适当形式填空）【答案】solution【详解】考查名词。句意：马克试图找到解决药物问题的简单方法。该空前的find是一个及物动词，后跟名词作宾语，solve的名词形式是solution，意为“方法”，由上文的a可知，应用单数名词。故填solution。20．Many patients are not getting the medical __________ (treat) they need. (所给词的适当形式填空）【答案】treatment【详解】考查名词。句意：许多病人没有得到他们所需的治疗。此处作宾语应用名词treatment，表示“治疗”为不可数名词。故填treatment。21．We will go to Mount Huang, one of the most famous tourist ______（spot）in China. (所给词的适当形式填空）【答案】spots【详解】考查名词的数。句意：我们将去黄山，中国最著名的旅游景点之一。one of the +最高级+可数名词复数，表“最……之一”，此空用可数名词复数形式，可数名词spot（景点）。故填spots。22．This programme was set up with an __________（intend）of providing help for homeless people. （用所给单词适当形式填空）【答案】intention【详解】考查名词。句意：创办这次活动的目的是为无家可归的人提供帮助。分析句子结构可知，此处应用名词作介词with的宾语，intend的名词形式是intention，故填intention。23．His books are full of __________ (repeat) and useless information. (所给词的适当形式填空）【答案】repetition【详解】考查名词。句意：他的书里尽是重复的话和无用的信息。分析句子结构可知，跟在介词of后需接名词，作宾语，再结合句意“重复”为repetition，为不可数名词。故填repetition。24．If you can’t get any __________ (satisfy) , complain to the director. (所给词的适当形式填空）【答案】satisfaction【详解】考查名词。句意：如果你有任何不满，就向主任投诉。分析句子可知，该处“any（任何的）”修饰名词，作宾语，并且根据语境可知，该处为抽象意义的满意，应用不可数名词。故填satisfaction。25．Later，they learned to work with the ___ (season)，planting at the right time and，in dry areas， _____ (make)use of annual floods to irrigate(灌溉)their fields.（用适当的单词填空）【答案】seasons    making    【详解】考查名词复数。句意：后来，他们学会了因地制宜，在适当的时间播种，在干旱地区，利用每年的洪水来灌溉农田。分析句子，提示词的词性为为可数名词，应用复数形式。故填seasons。26．The children waited patiently in ____________ (expect) of the magician. (所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】expectation【详解】考查名词。句意：孩子们耐心等待期待着奇迹。in是介词，后面接名词作宾语，in expectation of期望……。故填expectation。27．Chinese New Year is a ______ (celebrate) marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring.（用单词适当形式填空）【答案】celebration【详解】考查名词。句意：中国新年是一个庆祝冬天的结束和春天的开始。不定冠词a后接名词形式。故填celebration。28．When he heard someone calling his name, he looked back in ________.(amaze) （用所给单词适当形式填空）【答案】amazement【详解】考查名词。句意：当他听到有人叫他的名字，他惊讶地回头看。in amazement表示“惊讶地”，是固定短语，故填amazement。29．It’s illegal to read people’s private letters without _______ (permit). (用单词适当形式填空)【答案】permission【分析】本题考查词汇的语法语境应用能力。【详解】考查名词。句意：未经允许看别人的私人信件是不合法的。根据空前without为介词，所填空应是名词。permit，动词，意为“允许；许可”，其名词形式为permission。故填permission。30．I don’t think I am ___ failure because I believe _______(fail) is the mother of success. （所给单词适当形式填空）【答案】a    failure    【详解】考查冠词和名词。句意：我不认为我是一个失败者，因为我相信失败是成功之母。第一空中，failure表示“失败者”，为可数名词，此处为泛指应用不定冠词，且failure是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，应用a；第二空，believe后跟省略了关系词的宾语从句，从句中作主语，表示“失败”应用名词failure，为不可数名词。故填①a；②failure。31．Sharing with friends helped me bring back my ________ (confident) and fit in with others. （用单词的适当形式填空）【答案】confidence【详解】考查名词。句意：与朋友分享帮我找回了自信，并与他人相处融洽。分析句子可知，此处应用名词confidence“信心”作动词短语bring back的宾语，该词是抽象名词，不可数。故填confidence。32．Illness and age changed him beyond____ (recognize). (用单词适当形式填空)【答案】recognition【详解】考查固定短语。句意：疾病和年龄使他认不出来了。分析句子可知，空中的词放在介词beyond的后面，作宾语，应用名词形式，beyond recognition认不出来，该短语是固定短语，故填recognition。33．For many who made it to Dawson, however, the ___________(reward) were worth the difficult trip.【答案】rewards【详解】考查名词。句意：然而，对许多到过Dawson的人来说，这些报酬是值得这样艰难的旅行的。分析句子可知，本空缺少主语，报酬( rewards)要用复数，因为有许多人，所以有许多报酬，要填名词rewards。34．It was a great ______________ (achieve) that only a month later a global agreement was reached.（所给词的适当形式填空）【答案】achievement【详解】考查名词。句意：仅仅一个月后就达成了一项全球协议，这是一项伟大的成就。该句中，it是形式主语，后面that引导的主语从句是句子真正的主语，该空作句子表语，用名词，前面有不定冠词修饰，用名词单数，所以填achievement。35．We appreciated his __________ (devote) of time and money to the project. （用单词适当形式填空）【答案】devotion【详解】考查名词。句意：我们感谢他为这个项目投入的时间和金钱。his为形容词性物主代词后接名词devotion作宾语；devote的名词为devotion“投入，奉献”，不可数名词。故填devotion。36．The job of the new director was to ensure that __________(perform) targets were met. (所给词的适当形式填空）【答案】performance【详解】考查名词。句意：新主管的工作是确保达到业绩目标。 根据句意，所填词应该是名词，修饰名词target；perform是动词，名词形式为performance。故填performance。37．If the exercise causes __________ (comfort), stop immediately. （用单词适当形式填空）【答案】discomfort【详解】考查名词。句意：如果运动引起不适，立即停止。分析句子结构可知，空处填名词作宾语，再结合句意可知，discomfort意为“不适”，与题意相符，故填discomfort。38．Columbus is one of the most famous ___________ (explore) in the world. （用单词适当形式填空）【答案】explorers【详解】考查名词复数。句意：哥伦布是世界上最著名的探险家之一。one of + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数，该用法是固定用法，所以填explorers。39．He was deep in conversation with his ___________ (account).（用所给单词适当形式填空）【答案】accountant【详解】考查名词。句意：他正和他的会计深入交谈。分析句子可知，his意为“他的”，为形容词性物主代词，后应接名词，account意为“账户”，名词词性，但不符合句意，accountant意为“会计”，名词词性，句中指他和他的会计交谈，符合句意。故填accountant。40．（2017新课标卷Ⅱ·语法填空）In 1863the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London. It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible __________ (crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and from work.【答案】crowds【详解】考查名词。句意：1863年，世界上第一条地下客运铁路在伦敦开通。它的长度不到7公里，人们上下班时可以避开路上可怕的人群。根据句意可知，此处表示复数概念“许多人”，用crowds。故填crowds。41．Every language has its own special words and ____________(express). （用所给单词适当形式填空）【答案】expressions【详解】考查名词。句意：每种语言都有其特殊的词汇和表达。空处应填一个名词作动词has的宾语，表示具体的表达时，expression是可数名词，此处和words并列，应用复数形式，故填expressions。42．…it can’t be better if you can tell us some ____________ (trick) about how to paint.（用所给单词适当形式填空）【答案】tricks【详解】考查名词。句意：如果你能告诉我们一些绘画的诀窍，那就再好不过了。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定短语“tell sb. sth.”，意为“告诉某人某事”，trick意为“诀窍”，为可数名词，空格前有some修饰，故空格处应用trick的复数形式tricks，作tell的直接宾语。故填tricks。43．Activities all take place under the ____________ (guide) of an experienced teacher. （用所给单词适当形式填空）【答案】guidance【详解】考查名词。句意：所有的活动都在有经验的老师的指导下进行。根据空格前的冠词 the可知空格处填名词guidance“指导”，是不可数名词，此处作介词 under 的宾语。故答案为guidance。44．It may take a long time to find a _________ (solve) to the problem. (所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】solution【详解】考查名词。句意：找到问题的解决方法可能会花费很长时间。a solution to sth.解决……的办法。solve的名词是solution；设空处前为a，应用单数形式；故填solution。45．The doctors had given her up but the made an excellent ___________(recover). （用所给单词适当形式填空）【答案】recovery【详解】考查名词。句意：医生们已放弃了对她的希望，但她恢复得很好。根据上文an excellent 可知应填单数名词recovery，作宾语，故填recovery。46．I have an ___________ (apologize) to you—I’m afraid I opened your letter by mistake. （用所给单词适当形式填空）【答案】apology【详解】考查名词。句意：我向你道歉，恐怕我错开了你的信。分析句子可知，空格前有不定冠词an修饰，故空格处应填名词，apologize意为“道歉”，动词词性，对应的名词为apology，意为“道歉”，在句中作宾语，符合句意。故填apology。47．The editor is short of ________ (contribute) for the May issue of the magazine. （所给单词适当形式填空）【答案】contributions【详解】考查名词。句意：这个编辑缺少该杂志五月号的稿件。contribute是动词，意为：投稿。前面有短语“is short of”意为：缺乏，缺少。后面需接名词形式做宾语。而contribution做“稿件”讲时是可数名词，故填contributions.【点睛】contribution做“贡献”讲时，是不可数名词，常用于短语“make contribution to…”中，意为：为……做出贡献。contribution做“稿件”讲时，是可数名词。48．He likes beautiful ______ (surround) with green trees and colorful flowers. （用所给单词适当形式填空）【答案】surroundings【详解】考查名词。句意：他喜欢有绿树和五颜六色的花的美丽的环境。分析句子可知，surround意为“围绕”，动词词性，beautiful意为“美丽的”，形容词词性，后应接名词作句子宾语，surround对应的名词为surrounding意为“环境”，为可数名词，句中无不定冠词修饰，故应用复数形式surroundings，表示美丽的环境，符合句意。故填surroundings。49．Almost all job applicants are determined to leave a good ___________ (impress) on a potential employer. （用所给单词适当形式填空）【答案】impression【详解】考查固定短语。句意：几乎所有求职者都决定对潜在的雇主留下一个好印象。短语 leave a good impression 意为“留下好印象”。前有冠词a ,后应为名词，impress的名词形式为 impression，故填 impression。50．No one knows how the world came into__________(exist). （所给词的适当形式填空）【答案】existence【详解】考查名词。句意：没有人知道世界是怎样形成的。分析句子可知，该空需要填名词作介词into的宾语，所给词是动词exist（存在），其名词existence是抽象名词，不可数。固定短语come into existence（形成），符合句意和句法。故填existence。