六年级下册英语素材-小学语法知识详解-译林版教案

     小升初总复习

1．              核心讲解

Ⅰ.考点，热点、难点

1.    动词的过去式

大多数动词___________,以哑e结尾___________,特殊的：catch→       

do→         become→        eat→        bring→        get→               can→        read→        fly→        write→        go→               buy→        see→        make→        take→        bite→             let→        wake→        say→        am→        is→        are→        give→        put→       

你还知道哪些过去式是特殊变化的动词么？

________________________(可以以后补充)

2.副词修饰动词（或形容词），形容词修饰名词。

将下列形容词变副词：excited→        quiet→        good→              

bad→        loud→        sad→        happy→        quick→               easy→         

形容词和副词同形的：fast （快的，快地）late（迟到的，迟地）early（早的）

Hard（努力地）

3.如何区分exciting和excited ___________________________________填空：an_________ movie.  He is ________ today.

4.be good at 意思________    后接（1）名词或（2）动词ing 请翻译：他擅长英语。他擅长打篮球。_____________________________.

______________________________.

5.wake up，pick up，try on，这三个词有什么共同特点，考试会怎么考？ _________________________________

6.like＋     动词ing  表示长期的爱好   (考试常考)

             to do    表示现在暂时喜欢做某事（了解）

7.would like to do= want to do想要做某事  would like 缩写形式___________

would like sth.= want sth.想要某物

e.g. Would you like some coffee?

肯定回答是： Yes,I'd love to.否定回答是： Sorry./No, thanks.

填空：He likes_______(run) on the road.

Would you like _______(come) here?

8.with: ①用 ②和 ③拥有

e.g .①  The man caught the lion with a net.②  play with, chat with, live with, come with,I go there with my family.  ③  I like girls with long hair

 9. let和make 是使役动词。他们后应接动词原型。e.g. Let us(=Let’s) go!  He makes me do housework (了解另一用法:make sth.＋adj,如I make her happy.)

10.祈使句 （没有主语的请求对方做某事的句子）肯定式：（直接用动词原型）

如：Stand up!Close the door!  Be careful！Keep quiet!

否定式：（直接在动词前加don't）:Don’t eat in the library!

Don't be afraid！ 别害怕!

11.助动词do后面用动词原型、

 ①He likes hamburgers.变否定：He ____  _____hamburgers.

变疑问： _____ he _____ hamburgers? Yes, he _____

②I went swimming yesterday. 变否定 I _____ ______ swimming yesterday.

变疑问： _____ you______ swimming yesterday?  No, I ______.

14. ①keep sth.＋adj.(形容词) 保持某物某种状态

     ②keep＋adj.= stay＋adj.（形容词） 保持某种状态

  如: keep healthy / quiet/tidy   stay healthy/clean/…

 15.动词和介词后面如果用人称代词的话用宾格形式、如：

  He likes（动词）me（宾格）.Don’t play with（介词）her(宾格).

16. 主格、宾格、形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。（会背会用）

形容词性物主代词＋名词=名词性物主代词

 17. 时间介词 at/on/in

  ⑴ in:年；季节；月；一天中的早中晚

    如：in 1964 ;in summer; in December; in the morning/afternoon/evening

  ⑵on：日期；星期；具体某一天的早中晚/带day

  on 24th July, on Sunday, on a winter evening, on a Monday morning

 ⑶at:钟表时刻；不带day的节日；夜里，中午

 如: at half past ten, at 8 o' clock, at Christmas/Chinese New Year/

    Spring Festival/Dragon Boat Festival/Halloween/Easter/Mid-autumn Festival/Qingming Festival…at noon/at night

   18.sleep和sleepy

sleepy: 困倦的 feel sleepy   sleep:①n.睡觉 ②v.睡觉 

e.g①I need a sleep. /You should have a sleep ②I want to sleep

  19. too和also._ ______放于句末，_______放于句中。填空：

  He likes Maths. I like it，＿____.He likes Maths. I ＿____like it.

  20.a little/a few/many/much/some/a lot of

  a lot of=＿＿_____后接_________  many后接_________much后接_________

some后接________a little后接__________a lew后接_______________

21.可数名词/不可数名

 不可数名词前面不能用数词（1,2,3…）,它没有复数形式，它都包含哪些词？

  ①                                      ②                                     

  ③                                     

可数名词前面可以用数词，有复数形式，怎么变复数？

①                ②                ③ 以y结尾的有两种             

      以O结尾的有两种

22.health和healthy 对比

   safety、 safe 和 safely对比

 23.some和any

Some用于__________, any 用于__________________. 但是当_________________, __________________我们用some.

填空： There isn’t ______ food in the fridge.

Can I have ______ grapes? 

Are there _____ apples on the tree?

24.too much 和too many  什么意思？_________如何区分________________________

25. have...for breakfast/lunch/dinner   写作文神句！一定要会用！

26.量化不可数名词或可数名词

 ①数词＋量词＋不可数名词单数(如果数词大于1，那么量词用复数)

 two bottles of juice，a bag of rice

 ②数词＋量词＋可数名词复数

  a basket of apples，two plates of vegetables

27.help(to)do 或help sb.

  I help my mother(to)do housework./I help him.

 28.情态动词can.must.should＋V原形

 can应该，可以；也表示能力 can't 不能 /mustn't 必须 ； mustn't 一定不要，千万别/should应该；shouldn't不应该.

变一般疑问句：He can swim. _____________? 

You must go to see the doctor._______________________________?

 29.there be.某地存在某物

there is＋可数名词单数/不可数名词    there are＋可数名词复数

There ____ a lot of fruit on the table. There_____ some drinks at the party.

 have 人拥有 （注意它的三单） I have a lot of apples/ He has a little dog.

30.look for/ look after/ look out/ look at 对比.意思分别是_____________________________________________________

31.look for/ find/ find out 对比。如何区分？______________________________

类似的，look/see, listen/hear区分方法____________________________________

32.look/read/watch/see对比_________________________________________________

33.say/talk/speak/tell对比________________________________________________

34.复习一般过去式，一般现在时，现在进行时和一般将来时。从标志，句子结构入手。

35.展示/给/带来/发送/买

show sb.sth.＝show sth.to sb. /give sb.sth.＝give sth. to sb.

  bring sb.sth＝bring sth.to sb. /send sb.sth.＝send sth. to sb.

buy sb.sth.＝buy sth.for sb.（特殊）

36.To＋V原 意思是“为了”如：To protect the earth, we should…

37.做某事的时间到了It’s time for ＋名词  e.g.: It’s time for lunch

                     It’s time to ＋V原   e.g.: It’s time to have lunch

38.for的用法

39.两个“将来”对比。可互换be going to强调1.计划做某事，2.很可能发生某事

40.如果动词要做主语必须变成ing形式（动名词）并且相当于第三人称单数！如：Doing sport makes people healthy. Running is healthy for us. 动名词还可以修饰名词，如dancing lessons舞蹈课,cooking school烹饪学校。

41.’s名词所有格“某人的”The dog is Helen’s.以s结尾的复数名词所有格只加’即可 如：Teachers’ Day, the students’ dreams, my friends’ letters

42.Who作主语相当于三单. Who wants to be a cook? Who is that?(是谁？)

43.all放在be动词后面.We are all students

   all放在实义动词前面. We all like watching TV （also/both同样用法）

44.两种物主代词

This is mine  ＝This is  my         pen

    名词性物主代词＝形容词性物主代词＋名词

解题思路：找所要填的空后面有没有名词(1)有名词说明缺形容词，那就填形容词性物主代词.(2)没名词说明缺名词，那就填名词性物主代词

如：This is not_____kite.  _____ is big and beautiful.解题思路是：第一个空后有名词，那就缺形容词放填my.第二个空后面没名词就缺名词放填mine.

45.主格和宾格（人称代词做主语用主格，做宾语用宾格，一般动词和介词后是宾语）

我      帮助      他                他      帮助     我

主语     谓语     宾语              主语     谓语    宾语

主格（I）            宾格（him）          主格（He）         宾格（me）

如：I play with_____（he）. He visited_____（they）last Sunday.

46.名词单复数。如果填空题应该填一个名词解题思路如下：

不可数名词————直接填

（判断）          单数————直接填

可数名词  （判断）

                 复数———注意怎样变复数（参看21条）

47.a/an/the 只有可数名词才能用a/an,区别是什么？ ____________________________, the（1）用来修饰特指的东西，如the US, the UK, the Earth(首字母大写), the Moon,(注意：国家，城镇前面什么也不加！如go to Beijing, come back to China)(2)上文提到过的，如： I have a dog. The dog is lovely.第一次出现用a/an,第二次出现用the.

二. 课堂练习。

一、    辨音，判断画线字母读音是（S）否(D)相同（5分）

(   ) 1. clothes  off  (   ) 2. future  use (   ) 3. A.number  but  

(   ) 4. thin   there  (   ) 5. chair     school    

二、    单项选择（10分）

(     )1. I can see _______ orange on the table.

A. a       B. an       C. the

(     )2.We’re going to _______ a party this Sunday.

A. having     B. has         C. have

(     )3. Too much plastic is bad ________ our Earth.

A. for      B. at                C. to

(     )4. How many ________ are there in your school ?

A. a teacher     B. teachers                C. teacher

(     )5. Don’t have _______ meat and cola.

A. too many     B. too much           C. much too

(     )6. Su Yang _______ a museum last weekend.

A. visits             B. visited               C. will visit

(     )7. He likes ___________ in summer.

A. swim               B. swim                  C. swimming

(     )8.-- What do you have ________ lunch?

       -- I have ______ fish.

A. for, a few           B. with, many              C. for, a little

(     )9. You shouldn’t ____________ cold water.

A. drink              B. drinking                 C. to drink  

(     )10.It’s __________ in summer.

A. rains              B. rain                     C. rainy

三、    选词填空，将其序号填在括号内。(5分)

(     )1.Jim goes to school _______________.

(     )2.We can get red packets on _________________.

(     )3.He has a good habit. He always ________ his things __________.

(     )4.We will ____________ a play at the party.        

(     )5.Nancy eats a little sweet food _____________。

四、词汇（7分）

   根据句意及括号提示完成句子。

1. My father is her uncle, so she is my_______ ________.

2. _______ you ready for breakfast?

3. I ________（放）the kite under the bed yesterday.

4. One of his _______（child）is my friend.。

5. I want to be an ________ (art). It’s my dream.

6. My uncle is a cook. He’s good at _______. (cook)

7. She always takes c______ of her baby. She’s a good mother.

三、课后练习。

五、句型转换。（10分）

1. There are some apples on the desk (改为一般疑问句)  

           there          apples on the desk？

2. The signs mean “No smoking”and “Be quiet”.  (对划线部分提问)

What __________ the signs ____________ ?

3. The lion hurt badly. （改为否定句）

The lion                 badly.

4. Nancy often sweeps the floor at home.  (用now 改写句子)

Nancy ___________ ______________ the floor at home now.

5. do , what , think , you  (?)  （连词成句）

六、用所给词的适当形式填空。（8分，每空一分）

1. There _______(be) a lot of vegetables and fruit on Mrs. Zhao’s list.

2. My sister            (have) some good habits.

3.We must keep __________(quietly) in class. We can talk with each other ___________(loud) after class.

4.I am good at ____________  (skate).

5.         you        (finish)your homework last night?

6. Can you show _________ (she) around your factory?

七、完形填空。（8分）

I want to be a teacher when I listen to my teacher__1__. I think I can help many __2__ learn things well. I want to be a doctor when I see doctors __3__ their patients(病人). I think I can help them __4__ danger. I would like to be a reporter(记者). I can learn a lot about China and the other __5__ around the world. I have __6__ of dreams. I think my dreams can __7__ one day. There’s an  8   saying, “Where there is a will, there is a way.”

(     ) 1. A. fast              B. sadly                  C. carefully

(     ) 2. A. students         B. animals                C. workers

(     ) 3. A. watch           B. save                   C. find

(     ) 4. A. out of           B. in                    C. around

(     ) 5. A. houses          B. cities                  C. countries

(     ) 6. A. some           B. lot                    C. lots

(     ) 7. A. turn red        B. come true              C. come back

(     ) 8. A. old            B. true                   C. beautiful