2021-2022学年高二英语上学期期中测试卷（地区专用）

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金卷：2021-2022学年上学期期中测试卷03  高二英语（考试时间：120分钟  试卷满分：150分） I. Listening Comprehension  (25分)  SectionADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you haveheard.A. Atarestaurant. B. At abank.Atagym. D. At asupermarket. A. Interviewerandinterviewee. B. Headmaster and chemistryteacher.Doctorandpatient. D. Receptionist and hotelguest. A. The man can find his talent byhimself.It’s impossible to find one’s hiddentalent.The book won’t be as good as it isintroduced.It’s ridiculous to judge a person by histalent. A. He hasn’t paidthemoney. B. He arrived late at theairport.C. There was a strike attheairport. D. He felt it a shame to travelalone. A. Both of them were late for school two weeksago.The man stayed up studying until the nextmorning.The man broke up with the woman several daysago.Their schedule was so tight that they studied in themorning. A. The boy’s homework is not as much as hedescribes.The boy should start doing homework rather thancomplain.The boy should have finished some homework atschool.The boy should complain to his teacher about too muchhomework. A. Jack’s father is abaseballfan. B. It’s winter in NewZealand.C. The match will be heldinEngland. D. The man wishes he could playbaseball. A. They divorced 20 yearsago.They often argue about where tolive.They’re used to the character of thepartner.They feel regretful for the arguments made duringmarriage. 9.  A. 600. B. 1200.C. 1800. D.2400. A. The correct way to wash asweater.The maintenance of amachine.The effect of cycling on coldweather.The special way to identify woolenproducts. SectionBDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked questions on each of them. The passages and conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you haveheard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the followingpassage. A.Futureresearchers. B. Collegestudents.C.Companyemployees. D. Successfulartists. A. To teach the listeners how to workhard.To enable the listeners to get bettersalaries.To prepare the listeners to get better jobs.To encourage the listeners to seize opportunities. A.Kindness. B.Diligence. C.Willingness. D.Interest. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the followingpassage. A. The benefitsofwalking. B. The importance of keepingfit.C. The way of formingahabit. D. The possibility of excisingregularly. A. Because it needsmuchthinking. B. Because people can improve theirmemory.C. Because it is suitableforeveryone. D.Becausepeopleneedn’tconcentrateonit. A. It is the easiest way toloseweight. B. It can be made part of people’slife.C. It can make people’sheartsstronger. D.Itpreventspeoplesufferingfromcancers. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the followingconversation. A. He has just been back from South America.     B. He has been burnt for a fewhours.C. He has been surfing the Internetforlong.   D. He has been doing school work allnight. A. To look for something interesting for pleasure.     B. To meet new friends in the netchat-room.C. To release pressure fromheavywork.   D. To look for information for hisproject. A. Quite a few sites are just old eventcalendars.It’s a waste of time to surf theInternet.A lot of information can befound.A lot of friends can be made on theInternet. A. People spend much time talking about otherinterests.It takes long to find things because of many uselesssites.It is hard to start chatting with others in thechat-room.It’s hardly the best source of informationavailable. II. Grammar and vocabulary  Section ADirections:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Chinese teachers in U.K . Spark Debate.Many people in Britain say the nation’s own education system needs to improve after a BBC documentary about Chinese teaching methods sparked fierce debate.The documentary , are our kids tough enough？chines school,(21)       (broadcast) on Tuesday evening, focused on Bohunt School in hemisphere. Southwest of London, (22)        five Chinese teachers were recruited to teach 50 ninth-graders for a month using the same teaching methods they apply in Chinese.The documentary also sparked fierce discussion online. Before and after it was broadcast, it had already become one of the top topics on twitter, with many education specialists(23)               （comment）.Many British Twitter users complained not about the Chinese teachers,(24)      about their own country’s education system.“They are right, British education has gone soft. Teachers are used and students have no discipline,” twitter user @dkenstone said.   One the BBC site, a debate（25）         (title) “what can British people learn from the Chinese education system?” became especially popular. One twitter user commented, “if British schools in the main, are places of constant supply entertainment to pupils (at break time and during lessons alike) then the name of these institutions (26)       be changed from schools to something else, maybe comedy clubs instead of schools---where the chief clown is normally the head teacher.”      Kathryn James, deputy general secretary of the national Association of head teachers in Britain, defended the British school system and said it had adventures（27）      over china’s. “it is always helpful for school leaders to learn from different systems.” she said.      However, student autonomy, questioning and the development of skills to allow students to think of themselves – key elements in British pedagogical approaches -do not appear to be part of the Chinese approach.（28         teachers involved in the program take lessons from the experiment, no doubt the Chinese teachers featured will also learn from the UK’s approach to（29）        (teach).    Richard Spencer, a correspondent for the daily Telegraph（30）      lived  in a china for six years with his children attending schools in the country, wrote in a column: “Chinese education is not, of course, perfect.one of the curiosities leaving a British where everyone worried about the state of our schools was to find the same is everywhere, even in China.”    Section B Directions:Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A.regardless    B.charged     C.option      D.mostly      E. transformative.  F.poweredG.connectivity  H.prospects    I.popularity   J.champions    K.invasionE-ScootersOver the past two years, electric scooters have become ever-present in many of Europe and America's biggest cities. Britain is the last major western European country to hold out against the___31___. E-scooters are not allowed on public roads, though people do ride them on cycle Lanes and pavements ___32___. But where they are permitted e-scooter sharing companies.3 up in large numbers. To their  ___33___, e-scooters are revolutionary: the "iPhone Of urban transport". To their critics, they are dangerous, anti-social and very annoying.As with a dock less(无桩) bike，scooters are fitted with GPS trackers and wireless ___34___Customers download an app and scan a QR code on the scooter to unlock it. They are then ___35___a small amount. Bird, which launched its e-scooter in Santa Monica, California in September 2017 charges $l plus 15 cents per minute, on average, in the US-to travel where they want to go, at a maximum speed of around 15mph. At night, the scooters are rounded up, charged and returned to ____36____.E-Scooters have the potential to solve some of the worlds biggest transport problems. Most cities are already dangerously polluted and heavily congested, and it is simply not a(n) ____37____to put more cars and taxis on the streets. Scooters are efficient; one kilowatt hour of energy carries on average a car ___38___by petrol less than a mile, and an e-scooter 80 miles.Scooters are clean, cheap, and they require little new infrastructure. For a country like car dependent America, they could be genuinely ___39___ roughly 60% of US journeys are under six miles, and most of the time drivers ride alone. Even in European cities, which _____40_____ have good public transport systems, they are very useful for travelling the"final mile". According to Bird, 40% of taxi-riding journeys in London are under two miles, so e-scooters could help take a lot of cars off the streets. III. Reading ComprehensionSection A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.The scent of coffee appears to enhance performance in mathDrinking coffee has benefits. _____41_____ the physical improvement, coffee may reduce our risk of heart disease. Coffee may even help us live longer. Now, research also reveals thatthe scent（气味）of coffee may help people perform better on the analytical portion of theGraduate Management Aptitude Test, or GMAT, a computer adaptive test _____42_____ by many business schools. The work, led by famous professor Adriana Madzharov, not only _____43_____ the hidden force of scent and the cognitive（认知）improvement it may provide on analytical tasks, but also expectation that students will perform better on those tasks. Madzharov, with his colleagues, recently published their findings. “It’s not just that the coffee-like scent helped people perform better on analytical tasks, which was already _____44_____,” says Madzharov. “But they also thought they would do better, and we demonstrated that this expectation was at least partly _____45_____ their improved performance.” _____46_____, smelling a coffee - like scent, which has no caffeine in it, has an effect similar to that of drinking coffee, suggesting a placebo（安慰剂）effect of coffee scent.Madzharov’s team tested 100 undergraduate business students, divided into two groups, with GMAT algebra questions. One group took the test in the _____47_____ of a coffee - like scent, while a control group took the same test - but in an unscented room. They found that the group in the coffee-smelling room scored significantly higher on the test. Madzharov’s team wanted to know more. Could the first group’s performance in quick thinking be explained, in part, by an expectation that a coffee scent would increase _____48_____ and consequently improve performance?The team designed a follow-up survey, conducted among more than 200 new participants, quizzing them on _____49_____ about various scents and their effects on human performance. Participants believed that they would feel more alert and energetic in the presence of a coffee scent, in contrast with a flower scent or no scent; and that _____50_____ to coffee scent would increase their performance on mental tasks. The results suggest that _____51_____ about performance can be explained by beliefs that coffee scent alone makes people more alert and energetic. Madzharov is now looking to explore whether coffee-like scents can have a(n) _____52_____ placebo effect on other types of performance, such as verbal reasoning. She also says that the finding - that coffee - like scent acts as a placebo for analytical reasoning performance - has many practical _____53_____, including several for business. “Sense of smelling is one of our most powerful senses,” says Madzharov. “Employers, architects, building developers, retail space managers and others, can use scents to help _____54_____ employees’ or occupants’ experience with their environment. It’s an area of great interest and _____55_____.”41. A. In contrast to       B. Contrary to         C. In addition to       D. Equivalent to 42. A. acquired           B. required           C. justified           D. inquired 43. A. distributes         B. stimulates          C. dominates          D. highlights 44. A. encouraging        B. imposing          C. conflicting          D. challenging 45. A. characterized by     B. called for          C. responsible for      D. typical of 46. A. In short            B. By comparison     C. In particular         D. After all 47. A. lack               B. shift              C. withdrawal         D. presence48. A. comprehension      B. alertness           C. conscience         D. context 49. A. evidence           B. definition          C. symptom           D. belief 50. A. adaptation          B. commitment        C. exposure          D. alternative 51. A. implication         B. expectation         C. indication          D. illustration52. A. similar            B. concrete            C. modified           D. estimated 53. A. simplification       B. description         C. resignation          D. application 54. A. enhance           B. evaluate            C. exploit             D. prospect 55. A. negotiation         B. priority            C. potential            D. strategy Section B Directions:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Should parents send their freshmen off to campus armed with a debt or credit card to learn how to handle money? Or is it better to keep firm control through the Bank of Mom and Dad? The "correct" answer will vary by family and personal preference.The Credit Card Act that took effect 2.5 years ago made it much harder for anyone under 21 to get a card. Gone are the days of card issuers collecting plenty of new customers on campus by handing out free T-shirts or rewards points for spring break.Under-21s can still obtain a credit card if they have a qualified co-signer or proof of sufficient income to repay the debt. And card issuers still market aggressively to college students, targeting them with pre-screened mail offers. That makes parents, as the likeliest co-signers, more involved in the card-or-no-card decision.Robyn Kahn Federman of Rochester, N.Y., says there’s “no way” she’ll let either of her two daughters have a credit card at such a financially tender age. Her daughter Sarah, who’s 19 and about to start her second year of college, uses Robyn’s PayPal card instead. That lets her mom fund the balance and see how she spends her money.“I don’t think anything related to debt belongs in the hands of a college kid” says Federman, communications director of a marketing agency. “The vast majority are not experienced enough with money or aware enough of the risks.”Some students, though, have shown they’re disciplined enough to have their own card on campus.Scott Gamm, 20, a junior at New York University's Stern School of Business, used his income from freelance work and blogging to obtain a Visa card and then an American Express card. He charges $200 to $300 on them monthly and pays every bill in full.But he has friends who obtained three or four cards within a year and now have big debts.“The more credit you have access to, especially at that young age, the higher the probability you’ll use that card to finance fancy clothes, restaurants and entertainment.” says Gamm.56. According to the passage, which of the following statement is true?A. People hold different opinions about their kids using credit cards.B. Credit cards are useful in helping deal with money matters.C. It is better to have Mom and Dad who now run a bank.D. The new Act made it impossible to get a credit card for freshmen.47. To obtain a credit card, an under-21 has to _____.A. own a credit card of his own previouslyB. have someone to repay the possible debtC. turn to their parents to get their permissionD. ask their parents to write the application letter58. We may infer from the case of Sarah that PayPal card ____.A. is a kind of credit card B. funds the balance automaticallyC. has access to credit D. keeps records of money spent59. What is the passage mainly about?A. The Credit Card Act B. Students and credit cardsC. Card issuers and students D. Parents and choice of cards （B）Moving a GiantThe logistics of excavating(挖掘)and relocating a town's century-old, living sequoia(红杉)tree. Inhabitants of Boise, Idaho, watched with trepidation earlier this year as the city's oldest, tallest resident moved two blocks. The 105-year-old sequoia tree serves as a local landmark, not only for its longevity but also because renowned naturalist and Sierra Club cofounder John Muir provided the original seedling. So, when Saint Luke's Health System found that the 10-story-tall conifer(针叶树)stood stood in the way of its planned hospital expansion, officials called tree-moving firm Environmental Design.The Texas-based company has developed and patented scooping and lifting technology to move massive trees. Weighing in at more than 800,000 pounds, the Boise sequoia is its largest undertaking yet. "I (had) lost enough sleep over this," says David Cox, the company's Western region vice president—and that was before the hospital mentioned the tree's distinguished origin. Before the heavy lifting began, the team assessed the root system and dug a five-foot-deep cylinder, measuring 40 feet in diameter, around the trunk to protect all essential roots. After encapsulating the root ball in wire mesh, the movers allowed the tree to adapt to its new situation for seven months before relocating it. The illustration details what followed. —Leslie Nemo1. Mark A. Merit and his team at Environmental Design installed underneath the root ball a platform of seven-inch-diameter, 44-foot-long steelbars and, just below the rods, a first set of uninflated airbags (shown in gray). The team also dug a shallow ramp.2. In roughly 15 minutes, the movers inflated the airbags to about three feet in diameter to raise the root ball to the surface of the hole.3. By underinflating the front bags, the team allowed the platform carrying the tree to roll up the ramp and out of the hole while staying level. A trailer hauled the tree along as team members removed the airbags from the back of the platform and replaced them in the front. They repeated the process until the tree arrived at the edge of its new home.4. There a second set of partially inflated bags (shown in white) waited inside the hole. Soil surrounding the sequoia in its original location was relocated as well, because trees are more likely to survive a transplant when they move with their original soil.5. Using the first set of airbags, the movers rolled the platform into the new hole.6. The bags waiting there were then inflated further to take the weight of the sequoia while the transportation bags were deflated and removed from under the tree.7. The white bags were then deflated in about half an hour to lower the sequoia's root ball to the bottom of its hole. The bags were removed, but the metal bars were left with the tree because they rust and degrade over a number of years.8. For the next five years the local park service will monitor and maintain the tree in its new home.60. Which of the following words can be used to replace the words underlined " stood in the way of" ?A. Resisted. B. Balanced.C. Blocked. D. Promoted.61. What is the reason for the relocation of Sequoia trees?A. Because the Scooping and lifting technology should be put into use.BBecause it blocks local hospital expansion plans.C. Because it corresponds to government’s plan of Environmental Design.D. Because sequoia trees are over a hundred years old.62. How will the migrated sequoia trees be dealt with?A. They will be given new soil in the new living environment.B. Metal rods used to move sequoia trees will not be left on the trees.C. They will be kept in transport bags all the time.D. They will be managed by specialists in the next five years.  (C)Open data-sharers are still in the minority in many fields. Although many researchers broadly agree that public access to raw data would accelerate science, because other scientists might be able to make advances not foreseen by the data's producers, most are reluctant to post the results of their own labours online (see Nature 461, 160-163; 2009). When Wolkovich, for instance, went hunting for the data from the 50 studies in her meta-analysis, only 8 data sets were available online, and many of the researchers whom she e-mailed refused to share their work. Forced to extract data from tables or figures in publications, Wolkovich's team could conduct only limited analysesSome communities have agreed to share online - geneticists, for example, post DNA sequences at the GenBank repository, and astronomers are accustomed to accessing images of galaxies and stars from, say, the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, a telescope that has observed some 500 million objects - but these remain the exception, not the rule. Historically, scientists have objected to sharing for many reasons: it is a lot of work; until recently, good databases did not exist; grant funders were not pushing for sharing; it has been difficult to agree on standards for formatting data and the contextual information called metadata; and there is no agreed way to assign credit for data.But the barriers are disappearing in part because journals and funding agencies worldwide are encouraging scientists to make their data public. Last year, the Royal Society in London said in its report Science as an Open Enterprise that scientists need to shift away from a research culture where data is viewed as private preserve. Funding agencies note that data paid for with public money should be public information, and the scientific community is recognizing that data can now be shared digitally in ways that were not possible before. To match the growing demand, services are springing up to make it easier to publish research products online and enable other researchers to discover and cite them.Although exhortations to share data often concentrate on the moral advantages of sharing, the practice is not purely altruistic. Researchers who share get plenty of personal benefits, including more connections with colleagues, improved visibility and increased citations. The most successful sharers - those whose data are downloaded and cited the most often - get noticed, and their work gets used. For example, one of the most popular data sets on multidisciplinary repository Dryad is about wood density around the world; it has been downloaded 5,700 times. Co-author Amy Zanne, a biologist at George Washington University in Washington DC, thinks that users probably range from climate-change researchers wanting to estimate how much carbon is stored in biomass, to foresters looking for information on different grades of' timber. "I would much prefer to have my data used by the maximum number of people to ask their own questions," she says "It's important to allow readers and reviewers to see exactly how you arrive at your results. Publishing data and code allows your science to be reproducible ".63. What do many researchers generally accept?A. It is imperative to protest scientist' patentsB. Repositories are essential to scientific researchC. Open data sharing is most important to medical scienceD. Open data sharing is conducive to scientific advancement64. What is the attitude of most researchers towards making their own data public?A. Opposed           B. Ambiguous          C. Liberal           D. Neutral65. According to the passage, what might hinder open data sharing？A. The fear of massive copyingB. The lack of a research cultureC. The belief that research is private intellectual propertyD. The concern that certain agencies may make a profit out of it66. Dryad serves as an example to show how open data sharing ___A. is becoming increasingly popularB. benefits sharers and users alikeC. makes researchers successfulD. saves both money and labor Section C Directions:Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A. One reason that it’s urgent is that countries are sending more and more objects into space.B. There are also millions of smaller pieces of junk that we can’t see.C. Blowing up older satellites with a missile may create thousands of smaller pieces!D. In the upper parts of the atmosphere, it will burn up.E. When two objects in space collide, the two objects break into many smaller pieces.F. Years of space exploration have left tons of “space junk” in orbit around the planet.Many people know that trash is a big problem on planet Earth. What many people don’t know is that trash has become a problem in outer space too. ___67___Statistically, there are more than 22,000 pieces of junk in space around the earth. And these are just the items that we can see from the surface of the earth by telescopes or radars. ___68___Objects, like bits of old space rockets or satellites, move around the planet at very high speeds, so fast that even a very small piece can break important satellites or become dangerous to people, particularly astronauts. If the tiniest piece of junk crashed into a spacecraft, it could damage the vehicle. That’s because the faster an object moves, the greater the impact if the object collides with something else.To help minimize additional space junk, countries around the world have agreed to limit the time their space tools stay in orbit to 25 years. Each tool must be built to fall safely into the earth’s atmosphere, or the mass of gases that surround the earth, after that.  ___69___Many scientists are also proposing different ways to clean up space junk. The Germans have been planning a space mission with robots that would collect pieces of space trash and bring them back to Earth so that they can be safely destroyed."In our opinion the problem is very challenging, and it's quite urgent as well," said Marco Castronuovo, an Italian Space Agency researcher who is working to solve the problem.  ___70___ Many of these objects are tools that help people use their cell phones or computers."The time to act is now; as we go farther in time we will need to remove more and more fragments," he says. IV. Summary Writing （10分）Directions:Read the following three passages. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Classroom PetsWatching duck eggs hatch in a classroom was a “wow” experience that brought the topic to life, says Sarah Holmes, teacher in Derby High School’s primary department. Classrooms across the UK house a wide range of school pets: hamsters, fish, guinea pigs and even tortoises. But though they teach children about nature, it is not always a happy story, animal charities say, and it might be teaching children the wrong lessons.In some schools, animals die because the school cannot afford vets’ fees. The eggs at Derby High came from a company that provided detailed instructions on how to care or the ducklings and took them back to rear, but the service costs money not all schools can afford. The Potteries Guinea Pig Rescue based in Stoke-on-trent, has taken in a number of guinea pigs from schools in North Stafforshire that have found themselves unable to care for the animals. The schools thought it was a good idea until the animal experienced health issues and they had to pay for vet treatment.Many teachers who keep classroom pets do so with good intentions. But as a matter of fact, a classroom simply isn’t a suitable home for an animal. The sleep-wake cycles of nocturnal(夜间活动的) animals such as mice and hamsters are disturbed by bright classroom lights and by pupils taking them out of their cages and handling them.  Peta (People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals) says it hears complaints that animals have died after being over-handled or through accidents occurring when being played with. “I can’t imagine many things worse than being limited to a cage stuck in a noisy classroom all day,” one citizen said.Nevertheless, Debs Howe, a former biology teacher who now runs an egg hatching company, says that done responsibly, looking after animals can be an experience children don’t forget. For children who may have issues accessing the curriculum often due to autism (自闭症) or emotional or behavioral issues, the hatching of chicks has an incredible effect. It’s also particularly appealing to those who always live in cities with little access to farms or nature.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ V. Translation （15分）Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 回家路上突遇大雨，没多久他就成了落汤鸡。（it） 2. 即使他已经意识到达目标是困难的，他也没中途放弃。(even though)  3. 人们绝不该追逐这种时尚潮流，它会导致一些濒危动物的灭绝。(By no means)  4. 无论你是打算自主创业还是拓展业务，都应该关心员工、设备等成本问题。（range） VI. Guided Writing （25分）Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese学校图书馆优美的学习环境和丰富的文献资源为学生们综合素质的提升提供了良好的平台。为了更好地为同学们服务，图书馆现向大家征集建议。假设你是李华，写信给图书馆负责人对图书馆的现状进行分析，并就此提出一些实用性的改进建议。