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广东实验中学2020-2021学年高一上学期期末英语试题
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这是一份广东实验中学2020-2021学年高一上学期期末英语试题，共30页。试卷主要包含了单项选择，阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，用单词的适当形式完成短文，根据首字母填写单词，根据中英文提示填写单词，完成句子等内容，欢迎下载使用。
广东实验中学2020-2021学年高一上学期期末考试
英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、单项选择
1．For medium-sized cities in China, there is much room to spread out further, ________ Yancheng is an example.
A．for which B．in which C．of which D．from which
2．On AIDS Day, the minister of Health Department demanded that the problems ______ paid special attention to.
A．referred to being B．referred to be
C．refer to being D．refer to be
3．When I woke up, I found myself ______ in bed and _______ by doctors and nurses.
A．lying, surrounding B．laying, surrounding
C．lying, surrounded D．lain, surrounded
4．If the dictionary ______ you，put it where it ______.
A．doesn’t belong to; belongs to B．isn’t belong to; is belonged
C．doesn’t belong to; belongs D．isn’t belong to; is belonged to
5．Opinions on family education are divided, but most people tend to approve _______this. Only those parents ________ in their children's growth are considered to be qualified.
A．with; involved B．of; involving
C．with; involving D．of; involved
6．Without the Internet, they found themselves ______ from the outside world.
A．cut off B．cutting off
C．cut up D．cutting up
7．Universal ______ to education is the ability of all people to have equal opportunity in education, regardless of their social class, ethnicity, background or physical disabilities.
A．application B．access
C．admission D．attempt
8．The international agreement, ______ to encourage children not to smoke and help people kick the habit, was signed on February 27.
A．being intended B．intended
C．intending D．to intend
9．We had thought the examination would be difficult，but it________ easy.
A．considered B．made
C．kept D．proved
10．—Peter and I get equal pay for equal work, but he has bought a new Benz again! —Don’t be jealous. Peter is the man who ______.
A．goes with the flow B．makes hay while the sun is shining
C．crosses over to the dark side D．sees the handwriting on the wall
二、阅读理解
Give yourself a test. Which way is the wind blowing? How many kinds of wildflowers can be seen from your front door? If your awareness is as sharp as it could be, you’ll have no trouble answering these questions.
Most of us observed much more as children than we do as adults. A child’s day is filled with fascination, newness and wonder. Curiosity gave us all a natural awareness. But distinctions that were sharp to us as children become unclear; we are numb(麻木的）to new stimulation(刺激), new ideas. Relearning the art of seeing the world around us is quite simple, although it takes practice and requires breaking some bad habits.
The first step in awakening senses is to stop predicting what we are going to see and feel before it occurs. This blocks awareness. One chilly night when I was hiking in the Rocky Mountains with some students, I mentioned that we were going to cross a mountain stream. The students began complaining about how cold it would be. We reached the stream, and they unwillingly walked ahead. They were almost knee-deep when they realized it was a hot spring. Later they all admitted they’d felt cold water at first.
Another block to awareness is the obsession(痴迷) many of us have with naming things. I saw bird watchers who spotted a bird, immediately looked it up in field guides, and said, a "ruby-crowned kinglet" and checked it off. They no longer paid attention to the bird and never learned what it was doing.
The pressures of "time" and "destination" are further blocks to awareness. I encountered many hikers who were headed to a distant camp-ground with just enough time to get there before dark. It seldom occurred to them to wander a bit, to take a moment to see what’s around them. I asked them what they’d seen. "Oh, a few birds," they said. They seemed bent on their destinations.
Nature seems to unfold to people who watch and wait. Next time you take a walk, no matter where it is, take in all the sights, sounds and sensations. Wander in this frame of mind and you will open a new dimension to your life.
11．According to Paragraph 2, compared with adults, children are more ____________.
A．anxious to do wonders
B．sensitive to others’ feelings
C．likely to develop unpleasant habits
D．eager to explore the world around them
12．What idea does the author convey in Paragraph 3?
A．To avoid jumping to conclusions.
B．To stop complaining all the time.
C．To follow the teacher’s advice.
D．To admit mistakes honestly.
13．The bird watchers’ behavior shows that they __________.
A．are very patient in their observation
B．are really fascinated by nature
C．care only about the names of birds
D．question the accuracy of the field guides
14．Why do the hikers take no notice of the surroundings during the journey?
A．The natural beauty isn’t attractive to them.
B．They focus on arriving at the camp in time.
C．The forest in the dark is dangerous for them.
D．They are keen to see rare birds at the destination.
15．In the passage, the author intends to tell us we should __________.
A．fill our senses to feel the wonders of the world
B．get rid of some bad habits in our daily life
C．open our mind to new things and ideas
D．try our best to protect nature
This month, Germany’s transport minister, Alexander Dobrindt, proposed the first set of rules for autonomous vehicles(自主驾驶车辆). They would define the driver’s role in such cars and govern how such cars perform in crashes where lives might be lost.
The proposal attempts to deal with what some call the “death valley” of autonomous vehicles: the grey area between semi-autonomous and fully driverless cars that could delay the driverless future.
Dobrindt wants three things: that a car always chooses property(财产) damage over personal injury; that it never distinguishes between humans based on age or race; and that if a human removes his or her hands from the driving wheel — to check email, say — the car’s maker is responsible if there is a crash.
“The change to the road traffic law will permit fully automatic driving,” says Dobrindt. It will put fully driverless cars on an equal legal footing to human drivers, he says.
Who is responsible for the operation of such vehicles is not clear among car makers, consumers and lawyers. “The liability(法律责任) issue is the biggest one of them all,” says Natasha Merat at the University of Leeds, UK.
An assumption behind UK insurance for driverless cars, introduces earlier this year, insists that a human “ be watchful and monitoring the road” at every moment.
But that is not what many people have in mind when thinking of driverless cars. “When you say ‘driverless cars’, people expect driverless cars.”Merat says. “You know — no driver.”
Because of the confusion, Merat thinks some car makers will wait until vehicles can be fully automated without operation.
Driverless cars may end up being a form of public transport rather than vehicles you own, says Ryan Calo at Stanford University, California. That is happening in the UK and Singapore, where government-provided driverless vehicles are being launched.
That would go down poorly in the US, however. “The idea that the government would take over driverless cars and treat them as a public good would get absolutely nowhere here,” says Calo.
16．What does the phrase “death valley” in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A．A place where cars often break down.
B．A case where passing a law is impossible.
C．An area where no driving is permitted.
D．A situation where drivers’ role is not clear.
17．The proposal put forward by Dobrindt aims to __________.
A．stop people from breaking traffic rules
B．help promote fully automatic driving
C．protect drivers of all ages and races
D．prevent serious property damage
18．What do consumers think of the operation of driverless cars?
A．It should get the attention of insurance companies.
B．It should be the main concern of law makers.
C．It should not cause deadly traffic accidents.
D．It should involve no human responsibility.
19．Driverless vehicles in public transport see no bright future in __________.
A．Singapore
B．the UK
C．the US
D．Germany
20．What could be the best title for passage?
A．Autonomous Driving: Whose Liability?
B．Fully Automatic Cars: A New Breakthrough
C．Autonomous Vehicles: Driver Removed
D．Driverless Cars: Root of Road Accidents
I read somewhere that we spend a full third of our lives waiting. But where are we doing all of this waiting, and what does it mean to an impatient society like ours? To understand the issue, let’s take a look at three types of “waits”.
The very purest form of waiting is the Watched-Pot Wait. It is without doubt the most annoying of all. Take filling up the kitchen sink(洗碗池) as an example. There is absolutely nothing you can do while this is going on but keep both eyes fixed on the sink until it’s full. During these waits, the brain slips away from the body and wanders about until the water runs over the edge of the counter and onto your socks. This kind of wait makes the waiter helpless and mindless.
A cousin to the Watched-Pot Wait is the Forced Wait. This one requires a bit of discipline. Properly preparing packaged noodle soup required a Forced Wait. Directions are very specific. “Bring three cups of water to boil, add mix, simmer three minutes, remove from heat, let stand five minutes.”I have my doubts that anyone has actually followed the procedures strictly. After all, Forced Waiting requires patience.
Perhaps the most powerful type of waiting is the Lucky-Break Wait. This type of wait is unusual in that it is for the most part voluntary. Unlike the Forced Wait, which is also voluntary, waiting for your lucky break does not necessarily mean that it will happen.
Turning one’s life into a waiting game requires faith and hope, and is strictly for the optimists among us. On the surface it seems as ridiculous as following the directions on soup mixes, but the Lucky-Break Wait well serves those who are willing to do it. As long as one doesn’t come to rely on it, wishing for a few good things to happen never hurts anybody.
We certainly do spend a good deal of our time waiting. The next time you’re standing at the sink waiting for it to fill while cooking noodle soup that you’ll have to eat until a large bag of cash falls out of the sky, don’t be desperate. You’re probably just as busy as the next guy.
21．While doing a Watched-Pot Wait, we tend to ___________.
A．keep ourselves busy
B．get absent-minded
C．grow anxious
D．stay focused
22．What is the difference between the Forced Wait and the Watched-Pot Wait?\
A．The Forced Wait requires some self-control.
B．The Forced Wait makes people passive.
C．The Watched-Pot Wait needs directions.
D．The Watched-Pot Wait engages body and brain.
23．What can we learn about the Lucky-Break Wait?
A．It is less voluntary than the Forced Wait.
B．It doesn’t always bring the desired result.
C．It is more fruitful than the Forced Wait.
D．It doesn’t give people faith and hope.
24．What does the author advise us to do the next time we are waiting?
A．Take it seriously.
B．Don’t rely on others.
C．Do something else.
D．Don’t lose heart.
25．The author supports his view by _________.
A．exploring various causes of “waits”.
B．describing detailed processes of “waits”.
C．analyzing different categories of “waits”
D．revealing frustrating consequences of “waits”
三、七选五
Why Do We Get Angry?
Anger seems simple when we are feeling it, but the causes of anger are various. Knowing these causes can make us examine our behavior, and correct bad habits. The main reasons we get angry are triggering（触发）events, personality traits（特征）, and our assessment of situations. 26．
Triggering events for anger are so many that to describe them all would take hundreds of pages. However, here are some examples: being cut off in traffic, a deadline approaching, experiencing physical pain, and much more. 27． The reason why someone is triggered by something and others are not is often due to one’s personal history and psychological traits.
Each person, no matter who they are, has psychological imbalances. People who have personality traits that connect with competitiveness and low upset tolerance are much more likely to get angry. 28． Also, sometimes pre-anger does not have to do with a lasting condition, but rather a temporary state before a triggering event has occurred.
29．Sometimes even routine occurrences become sources of pre-anger, or anger itself. Sometimes ignorance and negative (消极的) outlooks on situations can create anger.
30．However, anger can easily turn violent, and it is best to know the reasons for anger to appear in order to prevent its presence. With these main reasons in mind, we can evaluate our level of anger throughout the day and prevent cases of outbursts by comprehending the reasons for our feelings.
A.Our attitude and viewpoint on situations can create anger within us as well.
B.But some types of situations can help us to get rid of the occurrence of anger.
C.Anger is rarely looked upon as a beneficial character trait, and is usually advised to reduce it.
D．Anger is a particularly strong feeling and maybe people think that they have reasons to feel angry.
E.Having these personality traits implies the pre-anger state, where anger is in the background of your mind.
F.Understanding these reasons will control our own anger if we are willing to evaluate ourselves with a critical eye.
G.Not everyone acts the same in response to events, and that is why what triggers one person may or may not trigger another.
四、完形填空
I’ve been farming sheep on a hillside for 54 years. I use a small tractor to get about. My dog Don always sits beside me in the passenger scat.
One morning I 31 a lost lamb when I was in the top field，near where a motorway cuts through my land. The lamb had become separated from its 32 , so I jumped out of the tractor to 33 it while Don stayed in his seat.
Lamb and mother 34 , I turned back to the tractor only to see it move suddenly away from me. This was so 35 because I had put the handbrake on when I jumped out. 36 Don had somehow made the 37 move.
My heart froze in my chest as I 38 the tractor heading towards the 39 .I ran desperately but failed to 40 . It crashed through a wooden fence and disappeared. The 41 thing I saw was Don’s face, looking calmly back at me.
Heart in mouth, I 42 the fence and looked over. The tractor was 43 against the crash barrier in the central reservation, having miraculously(奇迹般地) crossed the 44 road with fast-flowing traffic. I couldn’t see Don, but as I 45 the tractor he jumped out onto the road, apparently 46 , and dashed back to me.
The police 47 and the motorway ran normally again. I couldn't quite believe my 48 it turned out no one got badly hurt, but the outcome could have been 49 .Don was given a special 50 that night—I didn’t want him thinking I was angry with him.
31．A．dropped B．spotted C．carried D．returned
32．A．kids B．friends C．owner D．mother
33．A．ask about B．play with C．tend to D．run into
34．A．freed B．switched C．reunited D．examined
35．A．unexpected B．dangerous C．embarrassing D．difficult
36．A．Fortunately B．Generally C．Immediately D．Obviously
37．A．lamb B．vehicle C．seat D．fence
38．A．saw B．stopped C．remembered D．drove
39．A．crowd B．motorway C．field D．hill
40．A．take off B．catch up C．hold back D．get out
41．A．real B．best C．basic D．last
42．A．fixed B．noticed C．reached D．closed
43．A．resting B．running C．parking D．turning
44．A．sleep B．long C．rough D．busy
45．A．abandoned B．approached C．recognized D．repaired
46．A．unclean B．uncertain C．unhurt D．unhappy
47．A．arrived B．replied C．survived D．waited
48．A．ability B．dream C．luck D．idea
49．A．common B．confusing C．desirable D．awful
50．A．meal B．test C．job D．lesson
五、用单词的适当形式完成短文
Easy Ways to Build Vocabulary
It's not all that hard to build an advanced and large vocabulary. Like many things in life, it's 51．ongoing process, and the best part of the process is that there's enough room for improvement, 52．means you'll just keep getting better and better. Of course you have to work at it. You wouldn't think that a few 53．(month) of exercise in your teens would be enough 54． the rest of your life, and that's also true for building your vocabulary--you have to keep at it daily, and pretty soon you will find that you have an excellent vocabulary.
One of the 55．(effect) ways to build vocabulary is to read good books. You need to 56．(real) read at least one good book a week, preferably a classic. This isn't as hard as it 57．(sound), and it is far better than any other method because you improve your vocabulary while 58．(read) an interesting piece of literature. Another nice thing is that you learn both new words and 59．(they) use unconsciously, meaning that you will tend to use the words 60．(learn) this way in conversations almost automatically.
六、根据首字母填写单词
61．A professor at the Academy has proposed that a fund be e_________ to raise money.（根据首字母单词拼写）
62．Only when we learn to exist in h_________ with nature can we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet. （根据首字母单词拼写）
63．The group asked for c_________ from different departments and raised funds within the international community. （根据首字母单词拼写）
64．Though affected by gradual blindness, Henry was still capable of writing compositions and he found that creating music was a r_________ and cure for his disease. （根据首字母单词拼写）
65．The four countries belonging to the United Kingdom share the same currency and military d________.（根据首字母单词拼写）
七、根据中英文提示填写单词
66．If you swim in a river or lake, be sure to i_________(调查) what is below the water surface.（根据中英文提示填空）
67．How valuable you are is not m_________(衡量，估量) by how pretty you are on the outside. （根据中英文提示填空）
68．Schools should be lively places where i_________(个体) are encouraged to develop to their greatest potential. （根据中英文提示填空）
69．The unemployment problem tends to be a city p_________. (现象) （根据中英文提示填空）
70．In art criticism, you must a_________(假定) the artist has a secret message hidden within the work. （根据中英文提示填空）
八、完成句子
71．“绿宝石岛（爱尔兰）”风光宁静秀美，郡县草木葱茏，青山连绵起伏，牛羊点缀其中，堪称一场名副其实的视觉盛宴。
The peaceful landscape of the “Emerald Isle” and its many green counties is _________ _________ ________ ________ the eyes, with its rolling green hills _________ _________ sheep and cattle.
72．发明于中国，茶打破文化壁垒，在一天的辛苦劳作后给人们带来极大欣慰。
_________ in China, tea breaks through ________ ________ and ________ great relief after a hard day’s work.
73．为了提高人们保护濒危野生动物的意识，我们将于3月4日下午2点在第一会议室发起一项运动。
In order to _________ people’s _________ of _________ the endangered wildlife, we will start a campaign in NO. 1 meeting room at 2 pm on March 4.
74．通过在网络上分享大量电子照片，这些科学家和研究者希望在世界范围内促使人们对中国古代历史和文化习俗产生更广泛的兴趣。
By _________ so many digital photos over the Internet, the scientist and researchers hope to _________ even _________ _________ in China’s ancient history around the world.
75．线上学习能够帮助学生在网络世界里共同完成项目，在完成不同学习任务时彼此互动。(用定语从句)
Online learning can help students work together on projects in the online world ________ they can _________ _________ each other when completing different learning tasks.
九、汉译英（整句）
76．英国是历史与现代文化的神奇交融，新旧传统并存。如果你用心去观察，英国的过去与现在都将展现在你面前，令你叹为观止。（汉译英）
77．虚拟合唱团让他们能够把自己的声音与其他个体的声音融合，成为全球社区的一部分。事实证明，虚拟合唱团对许多人的生活产生了积极的影响。（汉译英）
十、推荐信
78．假如你是李华，你的美国笔友Alex在春节后将举家来广东旅游。对于即将开始的旅游，Alex很激动，请你写信推荐一处广东省内的美景。内容要点包括如下：
1. 写信目的；
2. 简要介绍其基本情况并对其美景进行描述；
3. 表达祝愿。
注意：1. 词数120左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Alex,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,
Li Hua
参考答案
1．C
【详解】
考查介词+关系代词引导的定语从句。句意：对中国的中等城市而言，还有很多往外扩展的空间，盐城就是这样一个例子。分析句子成分和句子结构可知，________ Yancheng is an example修饰前面的名词cities，所以这是一个非限制定语从句；根据句意可知，句中表达的意思为“盐城是中等城市的一个例子”，表示“……的”需要用到介词of。故选C项。
【点睛】
介词+关系代词引导的定语从句中，介词的选择方法之一是根据句意进行确定，如本题中需要表示“……的”，所以用到的介词是of。考生在遇到这个知识点的时候，要学会从句意出发确定介词。
2．B
【详解】
考查非谓语动词和虚拟语气。句意：在艾滋病日那天，卫生部部长要求被提到的那几个问题应该特别注意。分析句子结构可知，refer to 与the problems之间是逻辑动宾关系，应使用过去分词词组作后置定语，表被动；谓语动词demand后面的宾语从句的谓语动词要用“should+动词原形”，should可以省略。故选B。
3．C
【详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：当我醒过来的时候，发现自己躺在床上，被医生和护士包围着。myself与lie是主动关系，用现在分词lying表主动和进行。myself与surround是被动关系，用过去分词的形式作宾补。故选C。
4．C
【详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：如果这本词典不属于你，就把它放在该放的地方。由选项可知，本句时态用一般现在时，实义动词（词组）的否定形式的助动词用doesn’t，belong to sb.（属于某人）没有被动形式，主动表被动，第二空where 引导的地点状语从句缺乏谓语，belong是不及物动词，构成句型“主语+不及物动词”结构，从句主语 it是单数，谓语加s。故选C项。
5．D
【详解】
考查动词短语和非谓语动词。句意：关于家庭教育的观念有很多分歧，但是大多数人会倾向于同意下面这个事情。那就是只有那些参与到孩子成长过程中的父母，才被认为是合格的。第一个空考查固定短语，approve of表示赞同，同意。短语be involved in “参与，被卷入，被牵连”，分析可知，第二空需要过去分词短语involved in 作parents 的后置定语。故选D。
6．A
【详解】
考查动词短语辨析和过去分词。句意：没有互联网，他们发现自己与外界隔绝了。“cut off”表示“隔绝、隔断”；“cut up”表示“切碎”。根据句意可知，这里是表示“与外界隔绝了”，所以用cut off。这里是非谓语动词作宾补，宾语themselves和cut off之间为被动关系，用过去分词作宾补。故选A项。
7．B
【详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：普及教育是所有人都有平等的受教育机会的能力，不论其社会阶层、种族、背景或身体残疾。A. application申请；B. access通道、入径、(使用或见到的)机会/权利；C. admission准许加入；D. attempt尝试。由句意可知，此处指“受教育的机会”，access to...（使用……的机会/权利）。故选B项。
8．B
【详解】
考查过去分词。句意：这项国际协议于2月27日签署，旨在鼓励儿童戒烟，帮助人们戒烟。动词intend意为“设计，打算”，和逻辑主语The international agreement构成被动关系，且根据“was signed on February 27”可知，动作已经完成。所以应用过去分词作后置定语。故选B。
9．D
【详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：我们原以为考试会很难，结果却很容易。A.considered认为；B.made制作；C.kept保持；D.proved证明是。根据转折词but可知，此处是指结果证明考试很容易。故选D。
10．B
【详解】
考查习惯表达。句意：——彼得和我同工同酬，但他又买了一辆新奔驰！——不要嫉妒。彼得是把握机会、勿失良机的人。A. goes with the flow随波逐流；B. makes hay while the sun is shining把握机会、勿失良机；C. crosses over to the dark side堕落；D. sees the handwriting on the wall觉察到灾难降临前的不祥之兆。由上一句可知，彼得和我虽同工同酬，但彼得比我成功，下一句解释了彼得成功的原因，即他会把握机会、勿失良机。故选B项。
11．D
12．A
13．C
14．B
15．A
【分析】
本文是一篇散文。我们有多久没有仔细观察我们周围的世界了。作者通过此文要告诉我们：放慢脚步，带着我们所有的感官来感受周围世界的奇妙。
11．推理判断题。根据文章第二段Most of us observed much more as children than we do as adults. A child’s day is filled with fascination, newness and wonder.可知，与成人相比较，孩子观察得更多，孩子的一天充满了魔力、新奇和惊奇。从而可以推断出孩子更急于探索他们周围的世界。故选D。
12．推理判断题。根据文章第三段作者叙述在一个寒冷的夜晚，作者和学生徒步旅行穿过一条小溪的时候，学生们抱怨水太冷而不愿往前走，结果事实上那是一个温泉。作者举这样一个事例是为了向读者传递这样的观念：避免过早下结论。故选A。
13．细节理解题。根据文章第四段全段及首句Another block to awareness is the obsession(痴迷) many of us have with naming things.可知，鸟观察者发现鸟后只关心鸟的名字，并不关心它在做什么。故选C。
14．细节理解题。根据文章第五段I encountered many hikers who were headed to a distant camp-ground with just enough time to get there before dark. It seldom occurred to them to wander a bit, to take a moment to see what’s around them.可知，徒步旅行者只关心能够及时到达目的地，而很少关心周围的事物。故选B。
15．推理判断题。文章作者想要通过此文要告诉我们：大自然只展现给那些善于观察和等待的人，带着我们所有的感官来感受周围世界的奇妙吧。故选A。
点睛：本文是一篇散文阅读。整个文章行文自由，不拘一格，对考生来说阅读有一定的难度，但我们只需要抓住贯穿全文的主线：大自然只展现给那些善于观察和等待的人，就不难理解全文大意了。文章多考查细节理解题和推理判断题，考生需要根据文中事实和线索作出判断和推理。
16．D
17．B
18．D
19．C
20．A
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了德国交通部长对于自主驾驶车辆的规章制度的一个提议，引出了位于科技前沿的无人驾驶的自动化车辆在英国、新加坡和美国的不同前景。
16．猜测词义题。根据第二段内容The proposal attempts to deal with what some call the “death valley” of autonomous vehicles: the grey area between semi-autonomous and fully driverless cars that could delay the driverless future.注意冒号的作用，就是对死亡谷的解释说明：death valley指的是制约着无人驾驶汽车未来的半自动化和完全无人驾驶汽车之间的灰色地带即司机的角色不明朗的状况。A，B和C项内容文中根本就没有提到，故选D。
17．推理判断题。根据第二段的句子The proposal attempts to deal with what some call the “death valley” of autonomous vehicles:和第四段内容The change to the road traffic law will permit fully automatic driving,” says Dobrindt. It will put fully driverless cars on an equal legal footing to human drivers, he says.可以判断出这个提议被提出是为了推动完全自动化的驾驶。故选B。
18．细节理解题。根据第七段内容But that is not what many people have in mind when thinking of driverless cars. “When you say ‘driverless cars’, people expect driverless cars.”Merat says. “You know — no driver.” 可知消费者认为对于无人驾驶车辆的运行不应该牵涉到人的责任。故选D。
19．细节理解题。根据最后一段That would go down poorly in the US, however. “The idea that the government would take over driverless cars and treat them as a public good would get absolutely nowhere here,” says Calo.可知接管无人驾驶汽车并将其视为公共产品的想法在美国绝对行不通，即公共交通工具中无人驾驶车在美国看不到未来。故选C。
20．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了德国交通部长的提议是为了促进无人驾驶车运行，界定了汽车制造方负责，由此在第五段引出全文的主题句:Who is responsible for the operation of such vehicles is not clear among car makers, consumers and lawyers. 下面就此展开陈述。所以“自动化驾驶：谁的责任”可以概括全文，充当本文题目，故选A。
【点睛】
这篇文章内容和每个人生活密切相关，讲的是谁对这种新型交通工具：无人驾驶的全自动化的车辆负责各国意见不一，学生应该有兴趣阅读，涉及到科技前沿，文章篇幅适中。考查比较全面，除了理解细节题，还需要适当的推理，还有词义辨析类的题目，对学生能力考查比较全面。
做词义辨析类的题目，要仔细阅读这个词所在的前后的句子，发现有没有关联的同义词，反义词或是这个词的定义，分析这篇阅读的1题，要求对含有这个短语的整个句子的正确理解以及标点符号的作用。
21．B
22．A
23．B
24．D
25．C
【分析】
本文属于说明文阅读，作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了等待分为三种，我们不应该在等待时失去信心
21．细节理解题。根据第二段的句子During these waits, the brain slips away from the body and wanders about until the water runs over the edge of the counter and onto your socks. 可知，在等待的过程中，大脑从身体中溜走，四处游荡，直到水从柜台边缘流到你的袜子上。所以我们在等待一壶水煮开的时候我们总是心不在焉的。故选B。
22．细节理解题。根据第三段After all，Forced Waiting requires patience可知强迫等待需要耐心。所以强迫等待需与被监视的等待的区别是强迫等待需要自控。故选A。
23．细节理解题。根据第四段的句子waiting for your lucky break does not necessarily mean that it will happen.可知等待你的好运不一定意味着就会发生，即e Lucky-Break Wait不一定带来渴望的结果 。故选B。
24．细节理解题。根据第最后一段中The next time you’re standing at the sink waiting for it to fill while cooking noodle soup that you’ll have to eat until a large bag of cash falls out of the sky, don’t be desperate.可知，下次站在水槽边煮面时，一定不要灰心。所以作者建议我们下一次等待的时候，我们不要绝望，不要灰心。故选D。
25．推理判断题。根据第一段To understand the issue，let's take a look at three types of“waits”.可知，为了理解这个问题，让我们看看三种类型的“等待”。所以判断出作者是通过分析不同种类的等待来支持自己的观点的。故选C。
26．F
27．G
28．E
29．A
30．D
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章分析了导致人们生气的三个原因并指出如何防止愤怒爆发。
26．考查上下文理解和逻辑推理能力。上一句提到导致人们生气的三个主要原因： triggering（触发）events，personality traits（特征），our assessment of situations，下面的几段具体分析了这三个原因与生气的关系。故该句应该起承上启下的作用，故F选项（如果我们愿意用批判性的目光来评估自己的话，那么了解这些原因将会控制我们的愤怒。）承上启下，故选F。
27．考查上下文理解和逻辑推理能力。该空前面两句提到引发愤怒的事件很多，例如：堵车，截止日期临近，身体疼痛等。下一句提到：某件事会激发一个人的怒气，但其他人却不会为此而生气的原因是由于个人的历史和心理特征。该空承上启下，应当提到某件事会使某些人生气，但不会使别人生气这个现象，故G选项（人们对这些事情的反应不一样，这就导致使一个人生气的事情可能会让另一个人生气，也可能不会让另一个人生气。）承上启下，故选G。
28．考查上下文理解和逻辑推理能力。上一句提到：每个人都有自己的心里不平衡的地方。那些比较好强，气量比较小的人更容易生气。下一句提到：而且，有时候，pre-anger并不一定是一种持久的状态，而是一种触发事件发生前的暂时状态。该空承上启下，既要提到上一句中的那些性格特征，又要提到下一句中的pre-anger，故Having these personality traits implies the pre-anger state, where anger is in the background of your mind. （拥有这些个性特征意味着愤怒之前的状态，愤怒就在你的大脑背景中。）承上启下，故选E。
29．考查上下文理解和逻辑推理能力。下一句提到：有时候，甚至常规性的事件也会变成pre-anger或恼怒的来源。有时候对这些情况的无知和负面观点会产生愤怒。该空位于段首，引出下文，故A选项（我们的对情况的态度和看法也会在我们内心产生愤怒。）是本段的主题句，概括全段内容，故选A。
30．考查上下文理解和逻辑推理能力。下一句提到：但是生气很容易转变为暴力，所以最好了解一下愤怒的原因来阻止它的存在。该句和上一句之间是转折关系，结合剩余选项可知，D选项（愤怒是一种特别强烈的感情，或许人们认为他们有理由生气。）和下文构成转折关系，故选D。
点睛：七选五解题策略之一：词语复现
词语复现包括原词复现和同反义词复现，及正确选项和空格前后句子有相同的词或同反义词相互呼应。抓住这些复现线索，题目自然迎刃而解。在第一小题中，空前的the main reasons和G选项中的these reasons属于原词复现。第二小题空前文提到的trigger，G选项中的trigger，和空后一句中的trigger也属于原词复现。
31．B
32．D
33．C
34．C
35．A
36．D
37．B
38．A
39．B
40．B
41．D
42．C
43．A
44．D
45．B
46．C
47．A
48．C
49．D
50．A
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了作者开车带着它的狗去田地，路上发现了一只和它妈妈走散的小羊。作者下车去照看小羊，把自己的狗留在了车上。后来，作者帮助小羊找到了妈妈，谁知竟发现自己的狗开着拖拉机冲到了高速路上。作者赶紧沿途追赶，害怕造成严重的后果。幸运的是，最后没有人受伤。这真是一个奇迹！
31．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天早上，我在山顶的田野里发现了一只迷路的小羊，那里有一条高速公路穿过我的田地。A. dropped下降；B. spotted发现；C. carried搬； D. returned返回。下文说小羊和它的妈妈走散了，所以我是无意中发现了一只迷路的小羊。故选B。
32．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：小羊和它的妈妈走散了，所以我跳下拖拉机去照看它，而Don还坐在它的座位上。A. kids小孩；B. friends朋友；C. owner主人；D. mother妈妈。根据下文Lamb and mother，可知小羊是和它的妈妈走散了。故选D。
33．
考查动词短语辨析。句意：小羊和它的妈妈走散了，所以我跳下拖拉机去照看它，而Don还坐在它的座位上。A. ask about询问；B. play with同……一起玩；C. tend to照看；D. run into撞上。上文说小羊和它的妈妈走散了，所以可以推测出我跳下拖拉机去照看它。故选C。
34．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：小羊和它的妈妈重聚了，我转过身去看拖拉机，却看见它突然离开了我。A. freed使自由；B. switched转变；C. reunited重聚；D. examined检查。下文说我转过身去看拖拉机，因为小羊和它的妈妈重聚了，所以我才有心思去看我的拖拉机。故选C。
35．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这太出乎意料了，因为我跳下车时已经拉上了手刹。A. unexpected出乎意料的；B. dangerous危险的；C. embarrassing使人尴尬的；D. difficult困难的。上文说我看见拖拉机突然离开了我，下文说我跳下车时已经拉上了手刹，所以这是让人出乎意料的事情。故选A。
36．
考查副词词义辨析。句意：显然，Don以某种方式使车子动了起来。A. Fortunately幸运地；B. Generally通常；C. Immediately立即；D. Obviously显然。根据while Don stayed in his seat可知我跳下车，照顾小羊的时候，Don还坐在它的座位上。那么，很显然，是Don以某种方式使车子动了起来。故选D。
37．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：显然，Don以某种方式使车子动了起来。A. lamb小羊；B. vehicle车辆；C. seat座位；D. fence栅栏。根据I turned back to the tractor only to see it move suddenly away from me.可知我转过身去看拖拉机，却看见它突然离开了我。所以这里指的是Don开走了我的车。故选B。
38．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我看到拖拉机朝高速公路开去时，我的心都僵在胸口。A. saw看到；B. stopped停止；C. remembered记得；D. drove驾驶。下文说，我拼命地追，所以我是看到了拖拉机朝高速公路开去。故选A。
39．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我看到拖拉机朝高速公路开去时，我的心都僵在胸口。A. crowd人群；B. motorway高速公路；C. field旷野；D. hill小山。根据near where a motorway cuts through my land.和having miraculously (奇迹般地) crossed the…road with fast-flowing traffic.可知拖拉机是朝高速公路开去。故选B。
40．
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我拼命地跑，但没能追上。A. take off起飞； B. catch up追上； C. hold back阻止；D. get out出去。根据I ran desperately以及下文It crashed through a wooden fence and disappeared.可知我没有追上拖拉机。故选B。
41．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我最后看到的是Don的脸，它平静地看着我。A. real真实的；B. best最好的； C. basic基本的；D. last最后的。Don平静地看着我，这是我最后看到的事情。故选D。
42．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的心都提到嗓子眼了，我抵达栅栏，仔细检查。A. fixed固定；B. noticed注意； C. reached抵达；D. closed关。根据and looked over可知我是抵达了栅栏。故选C。
43．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：拖拉机正靠在路中间预留地带的防撞栏上，奇迹般地穿过了车流如水的繁忙道路。A. resting 倚靠；B. running跑； C. parking停车；D. turning转动。根据the crash barrier in the central reservation可知拖拉机是靠在路中间预留地带的防撞栏上。故选A。
44．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：拖拉机正靠在路中间预留地带的防撞栏上，奇迹般地穿过了车流如水的繁忙道路。A. steep陡峭的；B. long长的；C. rough粗糙的；D. busy繁忙的。根据fast-flowing traffic可知这条高速公路非常繁忙。故选D。
45．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我看不见Don，但当我接近拖拉机时，它跳上了马路，显然没有受伤，冲回我身边。A. abandoned抛弃； B. approached接近;C. recognized意识到；D. repaired修理。下文说我的狗冲回我身边，所以我必定是接近了拖拉机。故选B。
46．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我看不见Don，但当我接近拖拉机时，它跳上了马路，显然没有受伤，冲回我身边。A. unclean不洁的；B. uncertain不确定的；C. unhurt没有受伤的；D. unhappy不快乐的。根据下文no one got badly hurt可知我的狗没有受伤。故选C。
47．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：警察来了，高速公路的运行又恢复了正常。A. arrived到达；B. replied回答；C. survived幸存；D. waited等待。下文说高速公路的运行又恢复了正常，可知是警察到达，处理了情况。故选A。
48．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不能完全相信我的运气，结果没有人受重伤，但后果可能是可怕的。A. ability能力；B. dream梦想； C. luck运气；D. idea想法。我的狗驾驶着拖拉机上了车水马龙的高速路，结果却没有人受伤，所以我不相信我有这么好的运气。故选C。
49．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我不能完全相信我的运气，结果没有人受重伤，但后果可能是可怕的。A. common普通的；B. confusing混乱的；C. desirable令人向往的；D. awful可怕的。根据上文作者的极度担忧My heart froze in my chest和Heart in mouth以及生活常识，动物开车上了高速路，结果可能是非常可怕的。故选D。
50．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Don那天晚上被给予了一顿特别的晚餐——我不想让它认为我生它的气。A. meal一餐；B. test测验；C. job工作； D. lesson教训。根据下文I didn't want him thinking I was angry with him.可知我不想让它认为我生它的气，所以我给它提供了一顿特别的晚餐。故选A。
51．an
52．which
53．months
54．for
55．most effective
56．really
57．sounds
58．reading
59．their
60．learned
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。讲述了轻松积累词汇的几种方法。
51．考查冠词。句意：和生活中许多事情一样，积累词汇也是一个不断发展的过程。由语境可知填“一个”，欧宁以元音音素开头， “一个”用不定冠词an表示泛指。故填an。
52．考查定语从句关系词。句意：通过分析句子结构可知，_______means you'll just keep getting better and better.是定语从句，空白处所填的词指代逗号前的there’s enough room for improvement，which在句中为关系代词，引导非限定性定语从句，并在句中作主语。故填which。
53．考查名词单复数。句意：你认为青少年时期几个月的记忆锻炼不够。month为可数名词，且由a few可知month应用复数形式。故填months。
54．考查介词。句意：几个月的记忆锻炼对于余生是不够的。be enough for sth 对······已足够。故填介词for。
55．考查形容词最高级。句意：读好书是扩大词汇量最有效的方法之一。此处要表达的是“最有效的方法之一”，因此填most effective。
56．考查词性转换。句意：你需要一周至少真正读一本书。此处应用副词修饰动词 read，因此填really。
57．考查谓语动词。句意：这件事并不像听起来那么难。描述的是一般事实，而且主语为it，因此用sound的一般现在时第三人称单数形式。故填sounds.
58．考查非谓语动词。句意：你在阅读一篇有趣的文学故事时增长词汇量。逻辑主语you与动词read为主动关系，故用现在分词reading ... 作状语；也可视为状语从句while you are reading... 的省略形式。故填reading。
59．考查代词。句意：另一个好处是你不知不觉中学习到了新词和它们的用法。use在此处是名词，故用形容词性物主代词their作定语。故填their。
60．考查非谓语动词。句意：你自然会在对话中使用这些词汇。learned / learnt作后置定语修饰words，表示“已学过的词”， words与learn是被动的关系，因此用过去分词。故填learned/learnt。
【点睛】
语法填空分有提示词和无提示词两类。本篇语法填空题的设空有提示词的7个,无提示词的3个。因此,有提示词类是高考语法填空测试的重点。1.有提示词的都是实词,要求用括号里所给词的适当形式填空。所给词包括动词、形容词、名词和代词四类, 2.无提示词。包括（冠词、介词、连词、从句关系词）。例如：一. 动词的形态变化，即时态（重点考察一般过去时，一般现在时）、被动语态、虚拟语气、祈使句和非谓语动词（v-ing, v-ed, to do 作主语、状语、定语（前置、后置定语）等This isn’t as hard as it___7___(sound),根据前面的谓语isn’t得知描述的是一般事实，主语为第三人称it，因此用sound的一般现在时也要用第三人称单数形式。故填sounds.because you improve your vocabulary while___8___(read) an interesting piece of literature.前后主语一致，逻辑主语you与动词read为主动关系，故用现在分词reading ... 作状语；也可视为状语从句while you are reading... 的省略形式，省略主语和be动词。故填reading。you will tend to use the words___10___(learn)this way in conversations almost automatically.前面有谓语动词，划线动词和前一句没有连词，可以判定出填非谓语形式。learned / learnt作后置定语修饰words，表示“已学过的词”， words与learn是被动的关系，因此用过去分词。
61．established
【详解】
考查动词和被动语态。句意：该学院的一位教授提议建立一个基金来筹集资金。根据主语a fund和to raise money可知，此处应用动词“建立”，根据首字母e可知，此处应用动词establish。且此处主语a fund和动词establish构成被动关系。故填established。
62．harmony
【详解】
考查名词。句意：只有当我们学会与自然和谐相处时，我们才能停止对野生动物和地球的威胁。介词in 后接名词harmony作宾语，构成固定搭配in harmony with sth.（与某物和谐相处）。故填harmony。
63．contributions
【详解】
考查名词的数。句意：该小组要求各部门捐款，并在国际社会内筹集资金。介词for 后用名词作宾语，名词contribution意为“捐款”是可数的，由from different departments可知，此处用其复数形式。故填contributions。
64．relief
【详解】
考查名词的数。句意：尽管受到逐渐失明的影响，亨利仍然有写作的能力，他发现创作音乐是一种解脱和治愈疾病的方法。不定冠词a后接单数名词形式，用名词relief（解脱）表一种宽慰的感觉。故填relief。
65．defense/defence
【详解】
考查名词。句意：属于联合王国（英国）的四个国家拥有相同的货币和军事防御。形容词military后接名词defense/defence（防御），构成名词短语，和名词短语 the same currency 一样，作动词 share的宾语。故填defense/defence。
66．investigate
【详解】
考查动词。句意：如果你在河流或湖泊中游泳，一定要调查一下水面以下的情况。根据汉语提示和首字母i提示可知，investigate调查，动词，符合题意；be sure to do sth.一定做某事，固定搭配，所以空处需用动词原形。故填investigate。
67．measured
【详解】
考查被动语态。句意：你的价值不取决于你的外表有多漂亮。根据汉语提示和首字母m可知，,measure“衡量，估量”，动词，符合题意；由空后“by how pretty you are on the outside. ”可知，空处谓语动词需用一般现在时态的被动语态，所以空处需用过去分词measured。故填measured。
68．individuals
【详解】
考查名词的数。句意：学校应该是充满活力的地方，鼓励个人发挥他们的最大潜力。根据汉语提示“个体”，可知应填名词individual，作主语，结合后文are可知用复数。故填individuals。
69．phenomenon
【详解】
考查名词。句意：失业问题往往是一种城市现象。根据汉语和首字母p提示可知，phenomenon现象，名词，符合题意，不定冠词a后需接可数名词单数。故填phenomenon。
70．assume
【详解】
考查动词。句意：在艺术批评中，你必须假设艺术家在作品中隐藏着一个秘密信息。情态动词must +动词原形，此处用动词assume的动词原形形式。故填assume。
71．a true feast for dotted with
【详解】
考查固定短语和非谓语动词。根据句意表示“视觉盛宴”可知短语为be a true feast for；表示“点缀”应用短语dot with，此处为with的复合结构“with+宾语+宾补”，rolling green hills与dot构成被动，应用过去分词形式作宾补。故填①a；②true；③feast；④for；⑤dotted；⑥with。
72．Invented cultural barriers provides/offers/brings
【详解】
考查过去分词、形容词和时态。 ① in China, tea breaks through...已有谓语breaks through中间且无连词，结合句意可知，动词invent用非谓语形式，主语tea 和动词invent是逻辑上的动宾关系，用过去分词表被动作状语，首字母大写；用形容词cultural（文化的）作定语修饰名词barriers（壁垒，用复数形式表不止一处壁垒），本处and连接两个谓语动词，由谓语breaks through可知，时态用一般现在时，主语tea不可数名词，谓语用单数形式，填provides/offers/brings（带来）。故填①Invented②cultural③barriers④provides/offers/brings。
73．raise/promote/improve awareness protecting
【详解】
考查动词不定式、名词和动名词。固定搭配in order to do sth.（为了做某事），第一空用动词原形raise/promote/improve，意为“提高”，people’s ② 是名词所有格，第二空用名词awareness，意为“意识”，介词of 后接名词/动名词，第三空应用动词protect“保护”的动名词形式作介词of的宾语。故填①raise/promote/improve②awareness③protecting。
74．sharing promote/raise greater/wider interest
【详解】
根据句意可知，表示“分享”应用动词share，在介词by后应用动名词形式。表示“促使”可用动词promote（促进）或raise（引起），表示“更广泛的”可用形容词greater或者wider，表示“兴趣”可用名词interest。故填①sharing②promote/raise③greater/wider④interest。
75．where interact with
【详解】
考查定语从句和动词短语。分析句子可知，第一个空需要填连接词引导定语从句，关系词代替先行词online world在定语从句中做地点状语，应用关系副词where；“与某人互动”表达为interact with somebody，在情态动词can后动词用原形。故答案①where②interact③with。
76．The UK is a fascinating mix of history and modern culture, with both new and old traditions. If you keep your eyes open, you will be surprised to find that you can see both its past and its present.
【详解】
考查时态、状语从句和宾语从句。第一句讲的是事实，时态用一般现在时，相关词汇有“神奇的”fascinating ，“混合”mix ，“文化”culture，“传统” tradition，第二句由If 引导的条件状语从句，主句时态一般将来时，从句时态一般现在时，动词“发现”find 后接that引导的宾语从句，相关词汇有“用心去观察”keep your eyes open，“惊讶于做某事”be surprised to do sth.，“现在”present；再根据其他汉语提示，故翻译为The UK is a fascinating mix of history and modern culture, with both new and old traditions. If you keep your eyes open, you will be surprised to find that you can see both its past and its present.。
77．A virtual choir enables them to add their voices to those of other individuals and become part of the global community. It has proved to be a positive influence on the lives of many people.
【详解】
考查时态和固定搭配。由句意可知，第一句讲述了事实，时态用一般现在时，第二句表明过去对现在的影响，时态用现在完成时；固定搭配 enable sb. to do sth.（使某人有能力做某事），作第一句谓语动词；add sth. to sth.（把某物加入某物）；influence on sth.（对某物的影响）；“虚拟合唱团”A virtual choir，作第一句主语；“声音”voices；“个体”individuals，“全球社区”global community，“积极的”positive，“证明” prove，作第二句谓语动词；再根据其他汉语提示，故翻译为A virtual choir enables them to add their voices to those of other individuals and become part of the global community. It has proved to be a positive influence on the lives of many people.。
78．Dear Alex,
Thrilled to hear that you are coming to Guangdong with your family for a tour after Spring Festival, I am writing to introduce a must-see tourist destination for you as you have never been to Guangdong before.
As the landmark of Guangzhou, Canton Tower is famous for its unique design, offering you a bird's-eye view of the whole city and some entertainment activities inside as well. Over 600 metres in height, Canton Tower is like a modern-looking lady greeting visitors from home and abroad.
I am fully convinced that you will have a fabulous trip here in Guangdong. Please let me know in advance when you are setting off for your tour and wish you a fruitful and happy trip.
Yours,
Li Hua
【分析】
本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给在春节后将举家来广东旅游的美国笔友Alex写信，向他推荐一处广东省内的美景。
【详解】
第一步：审题
体裁：应用文
时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时,少量现在进行时和一般将来时。
结构：总分法
总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。
要求：
1. 写信目的；
2. 简要介绍其基本情况并对其美景进行描述；
3. 表达祝愿。
第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）
a must-see tourist destination; be famous for; offer sb. sth.; a bird's-eye view of; entertainment activities; in advance; set off
第三步：连词成句
1. I am writing to introduce a must-see tourist destination for you as you have never been to Guangdong before.
2. As the landmark of Guangzhou, Canton Tower is famous for its unique design, offering you a bird's-eye view of the whole city and some entertainment activities inside as well.
3. Please let me know in advance when you are setting off for your tour and wish you a fruitful and happy trip.
根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）
表因果关系：as
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。
【点睛】
[高分句型1] Thrilled to hear that you are coming to Guangdong with your family for a tour after Spring Festival, I am writing to introduce a must-see tourist destination for you as you have never been to Guangdong before.用了that引导的宾语从句。
[高分句型2] As the landmark of Guangzhou, Canton Tower is famous for its unique design, offering you a bird's-eye view of the whole city and some entertainment activities inside as well.用了现在分词短语作状语。
广东实验中学2020-2021学年高一上学期期末考试
英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、单项选择
1．For medium-sized cities in China, there is much room to spread out further, ________ Yancheng is an example.
A．for which B．in which C．of which D．from which
2．On AIDS Day, the minister of Health Department demanded that the problems ______ paid special attention to.
A．referred to being B．referred to be
C．refer to being D．refer to be
3．When I woke up, I found myself ______ in bed and _______ by doctors and nurses.
A．lying, surrounding B．laying, surrounding
C．lying, surrounded D．lain, surrounded
4．If the dictionary ______ you，put it where it ______.
A．doesn’t belong to; belongs to B．isn’t belong to; is belonged
C．doesn’t belong to; belongs D．isn’t belong to; is belonged to
5．Opinions on family education are divided, but most people tend to approve _______this. Only those parents ________ in their children's growth are considered to be qualified.
A．with; involved B．of; involving
C．with; involving D．of; involved
6．Without the Internet, they found themselves ______ from the outside world.
A．cut off B．cutting off
C．cut up D．cutting up
7．Universal ______ to education is the ability of all people to have equal opportunity in education, regardless of their social class, ethnicity, background or physical disabilities.
A．application B．access
C．admission D．attempt
8．The international agreement, ______ to encourage children not to smoke and help people kick the habit, was signed on February 27.
A．being intended B．intended
C．intending D．to intend
9．We had thought the examination would be difficult，but it________ easy.
A．considered B．made
C．kept D．proved
10．—Peter and I get equal pay for equal work, but he has bought a new Benz again! —Don’t be jealous. Peter is the man who ______.
A．goes with the flow B．makes hay while the sun is shining
C．crosses over to the dark side D．sees the handwriting on the wall
二、阅读理解
Give yourself a test. Which way is the wind blowing? How many kinds of wildflowers can be seen from your front door? If your awareness is as sharp as it could be, you’ll have no trouble answering these questions.
Most of us observed much more as children than we do as adults. A child’s day is filled with fascination, newness and wonder. Curiosity gave us all a natural awareness. But distinctions that were sharp to us as children become unclear; we are numb(麻木的）to new stimulation(刺激), new ideas. Relearning the art of seeing the world around us is quite simple, although it takes practice and requires breaking some bad habits.
The first step in awakening senses is to stop predicting what we are going to see and feel before it occurs. This blocks awareness. One chilly night when I was hiking in the Rocky Mountains with some students, I mentioned that we were going to cross a mountain stream. The students began complaining about how cold it would be. We reached the stream, and they unwillingly walked ahead. They were almost knee-deep when they realized it was a hot spring. Later they all admitted they’d felt cold water at first.
Another block to awareness is the obsession(痴迷) many of us have with naming things. I saw bird watchers who spotted a bird, immediately looked it up in field guides, and said, a "ruby-crowned kinglet" and checked it off. They no longer paid attention to the bird and never learned what it was doing.
The pressures of "time" and "destination" are further blocks to awareness. I encountered many hikers who were headed to a distant camp-ground with just enough time to get there before dark. It seldom occurred to them to wander a bit, to take a moment to see what’s around them. I asked them what they’d seen. "Oh, a few birds," they said. They seemed bent on their destinations.
Nature seems to unfold to people who watch and wait. Next time you take a walk, no matter where it is, take in all the sights, sounds and sensations. Wander in this frame of mind and you will open a new dimension to your life.
11．According to Paragraph 2, compared with adults, children are more ____________.
A．anxious to do wonders
B．sensitive to others’ feelings
C．likely to develop unpleasant habits
D．eager to explore the world around them
12．What idea does the author convey in Paragraph 3?
A．To avoid jumping to conclusions.
B．To stop complaining all the time.
C．To follow the teacher’s advice.
D．To admit mistakes honestly.
13．The bird watchers’ behavior shows that they __________.
A．are very patient in their observation
B．are really fascinated by nature
C．care only about the names of birds
D．question the accuracy of the field guides
14．Why do the hikers take no notice of the surroundings during the journey?
A．The natural beauty isn’t attractive to them.
B．They focus on arriving at the camp in time.
C．The forest in the dark is dangerous for them.
D．They are keen to see rare birds at the destination.
15．In the passage, the author intends to tell us we should __________.
A．fill our senses to feel the wonders of the world
B．get rid of some bad habits in our daily life
C．open our mind to new things and ideas
D．try our best to protect nature
This month, Germany’s transport minister, Alexander Dobrindt, proposed the first set of rules for autonomous vehicles(自主驾驶车辆). They would define the driver’s role in such cars and govern how such cars perform in crashes where lives might be lost.
The proposal attempts to deal with what some call the “death valley” of autonomous vehicles: the grey area between semi-autonomous and fully driverless cars that could delay the driverless future.
Dobrindt wants three things: that a car always chooses property(财产) damage over personal injury; that it never distinguishes between humans based on age or race; and that if a human removes his or her hands from the driving wheel — to check email, say — the car’s maker is responsible if there is a crash.
“The change to the road traffic law will permit fully automatic driving,” says Dobrindt. It will put fully driverless cars on an equal legal footing to human drivers, he says.
Who is responsible for the operation of such vehicles is not clear among car makers, consumers and lawyers. “The liability(法律责任) issue is the biggest one of them all,” says Natasha Merat at the University of Leeds, UK.
An assumption behind UK insurance for driverless cars, introduces earlier this year, insists that a human “ be watchful and monitoring the road” at every moment.
But that is not what many people have in mind when thinking of driverless cars. “When you say ‘driverless cars’, people expect driverless cars.”Merat says. “You know — no driver.”
Because of the confusion, Merat thinks some car makers will wait until vehicles can be fully automated without operation.
Driverless cars may end up being a form of public transport rather than vehicles you own, says Ryan Calo at Stanford University, California. That is happening in the UK and Singapore, where government-provided driverless vehicles are being launched.
That would go down poorly in the US, however. “The idea that the government would take over driverless cars and treat them as a public good would get absolutely nowhere here,” says Calo.
16．What does the phrase “death valley” in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A．A place where cars often break down.
B．A case where passing a law is impossible.
C．An area where no driving is permitted.
D．A situation where drivers’ role is not clear.
17．The proposal put forward by Dobrindt aims to __________.
A．stop people from breaking traffic rules
B．help promote fully automatic driving
C．protect drivers of all ages and races
D．prevent serious property damage
18．What do consumers think of the operation of driverless cars?
A．It should get the attention of insurance companies.
B．It should be the main concern of law makers.
C．It should not cause deadly traffic accidents.
D．It should involve no human responsibility.
19．Driverless vehicles in public transport see no bright future in __________.
A．Singapore
B．the UK
C．the US
D．Germany
20．What could be the best title for passage?
A．Autonomous Driving: Whose Liability?
B．Fully Automatic Cars: A New Breakthrough
C．Autonomous Vehicles: Driver Removed
D．Driverless Cars: Root of Road Accidents
I read somewhere that we spend a full third of our lives waiting. But where are we doing all of this waiting, and what does it mean to an impatient society like ours? To understand the issue, let’s take a look at three types of “waits”.
The very purest form of waiting is the Watched-Pot Wait. It is without doubt the most annoying of all. Take filling up the kitchen sink(洗碗池) as an example. There is absolutely nothing you can do while this is going on but keep both eyes fixed on the sink until it’s full. During these waits, the brain slips away from the body and wanders about until the water runs over the edge of the counter and onto your socks. This kind of wait makes the waiter helpless and mindless.
A cousin to the Watched-Pot Wait is the Forced Wait. This one requires a bit of discipline. Properly preparing packaged noodle soup required a Forced Wait. Directions are very specific. “Bring three cups of water to boil, add mix, simmer three minutes, remove from heat, let stand five minutes.”I have my doubts that anyone has actually followed the procedures strictly. After all, Forced Waiting requires patience.
Perhaps the most powerful type of waiting is the Lucky-Break Wait. This type of wait is unusual in that it is for the most part voluntary. Unlike the Forced Wait, which is also voluntary, waiting for your lucky break does not necessarily mean that it will happen.
Turning one’s life into a waiting game requires faith and hope, and is strictly for the optimists among us. On the surface it seems as ridiculous as following the directions on soup mixes, but the Lucky-Break Wait well serves those who are willing to do it. As long as one doesn’t come to rely on it, wishing for a few good things to happen never hurts anybody.
We certainly do spend a good deal of our time waiting. The next time you’re standing at the sink waiting for it to fill while cooking noodle soup that you’ll have to eat until a large bag of cash falls out of the sky, don’t be desperate. You’re probably just as busy as the next guy.
21．While doing a Watched-Pot Wait, we tend to ___________.
A．keep ourselves busy
B．get absent-minded
C．grow anxious
D．stay focused
22．What is the difference between the Forced Wait and the Watched-Pot Wait?\
A．The Forced Wait requires some self-control.
B．The Forced Wait makes people passive.
C．The Watched-Pot Wait needs directions.
D．The Watched-Pot Wait engages body and brain.
23．What can we learn about the Lucky-Break Wait?
A．It is less voluntary than the Forced Wait.
B．It doesn’t always bring the desired result.
C．It is more fruitful than the Forced Wait.
D．It doesn’t give people faith and hope.
24．What does the author advise us to do the next time we are waiting?
A．Take it seriously.
B．Don’t rely on others.
C．Do something else.
D．Don’t lose heart.
25．The author supports his view by _________.
A．exploring various causes of “waits”.
B．describing detailed processes of “waits”.
C．analyzing different categories of “waits”
D．revealing frustrating consequences of “waits”
三、七选五
Why Do We Get Angry?
Anger seems simple when we are feeling it, but the causes of anger are various. Knowing these causes can make us examine our behavior, and correct bad habits. The main reasons we get angry are triggering（触发）events, personality traits（特征）, and our assessment of situations. 26．
Triggering events for anger are so many that to describe them all would take hundreds of pages. However, here are some examples: being cut off in traffic, a deadline approaching, experiencing physical pain, and much more. 27． The reason why someone is triggered by something and others are not is often due to one’s personal history and psychological traits.
Each person, no matter who they are, has psychological imbalances. People who have personality traits that connect with competitiveness and low upset tolerance are much more likely to get angry. 28． Also, sometimes pre-anger does not have to do with a lasting condition, but rather a temporary state before a triggering event has occurred.
29．Sometimes even routine occurrences become sources of pre-anger, or anger itself. Sometimes ignorance and negative (消极的) outlooks on situations can create anger.
30．However, anger can easily turn violent, and it is best to know the reasons for anger to appear in order to prevent its presence. With these main reasons in mind, we can evaluate our level of anger throughout the day and prevent cases of outbursts by comprehending the reasons for our feelings.
A.Our attitude and viewpoint on situations can create anger within us as well.
B.But some types of situations can help us to get rid of the occurrence of anger.
C.Anger is rarely looked upon as a beneficial character trait, and is usually advised to reduce it.
D．Anger is a particularly strong feeling and maybe people think that they have reasons to feel angry.
E.Having these personality traits implies the pre-anger state, where anger is in the background of your mind.
F.Understanding these reasons will control our own anger if we are willing to evaluate ourselves with a critical eye.
G.Not everyone acts the same in response to events, and that is why what triggers one person may or may not trigger another.
四、完形填空
I’ve been farming sheep on a hillside for 54 years. I use a small tractor to get about. My dog Don always sits beside me in the passenger scat.
One morning I 31 a lost lamb when I was in the top field，near where a motorway cuts through my land. The lamb had become separated from its 32 , so I jumped out of the tractor to 33 it while Don stayed in his seat.
Lamb and mother 34 , I turned back to the tractor only to see it move suddenly away from me. This was so 35 because I had put the handbrake on when I jumped out. 36 Don had somehow made the 37 move.
My heart froze in my chest as I 38 the tractor heading towards the 39 .I ran desperately but failed to 40 . It crashed through a wooden fence and disappeared. The 41 thing I saw was Don’s face, looking calmly back at me.
Heart in mouth, I 42 the fence and looked over. The tractor was 43 against the crash barrier in the central reservation, having miraculously(奇迹般地) crossed the 44 road with fast-flowing traffic. I couldn’t see Don, but as I 45 the tractor he jumped out onto the road, apparently 46 , and dashed back to me.
The police 47 and the motorway ran normally again. I couldn't quite believe my 48 it turned out no one got badly hurt, but the outcome could have been 49 .Don was given a special 50 that night—I didn’t want him thinking I was angry with him.
31．A．dropped B．spotted C．carried D．returned
32．A．kids B．friends C．owner D．mother
33．A．ask about B．play with C．tend to D．run into
34．A．freed B．switched C．reunited D．examined
35．A．unexpected B．dangerous C．embarrassing D．difficult
36．A．Fortunately B．Generally C．Immediately D．Obviously
37．A．lamb B．vehicle C．seat D．fence
38．A．saw B．stopped C．remembered D．drove
39．A．crowd B．motorway C．field D．hill
40．A．take off B．catch up C．hold back D．get out
41．A．real B．best C．basic D．last
42．A．fixed B．noticed C．reached D．closed
43．A．resting B．running C．parking D．turning
44．A．sleep B．long C．rough D．busy
45．A．abandoned B．approached C．recognized D．repaired
46．A．unclean B．uncertain C．unhurt D．unhappy
47．A．arrived B．replied C．survived D．waited
48．A．ability B．dream C．luck D．idea
49．A．common B．confusing C．desirable D．awful
50．A．meal B．test C．job D．lesson
五、用单词的适当形式完成短文
Easy Ways to Build Vocabulary
It's not all that hard to build an advanced and large vocabulary. Like many things in life, it's 51．ongoing process, and the best part of the process is that there's enough room for improvement, 52．means you'll just keep getting better and better. Of course you have to work at it. You wouldn't think that a few 53．(month) of exercise in your teens would be enough 54． the rest of your life, and that's also true for building your vocabulary--you have to keep at it daily, and pretty soon you will find that you have an excellent vocabulary.
One of the 55．(effect) ways to build vocabulary is to read good books. You need to 56．(real) read at least one good book a week, preferably a classic. This isn't as hard as it 57．(sound), and it is far better than any other method because you improve your vocabulary while 58．(read) an interesting piece of literature. Another nice thing is that you learn both new words and 59．(they) use unconsciously, meaning that you will tend to use the words 60．(learn) this way in conversations almost automatically.
六、根据首字母填写单词
61．A professor at the Academy has proposed that a fund be e_________ to raise money.（根据首字母单词拼写）
62．Only when we learn to exist in h_________ with nature can we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet. （根据首字母单词拼写）
63．The group asked for c_________ from different departments and raised funds within the international community. （根据首字母单词拼写）
64．Though affected by gradual blindness, Henry was still capable of writing compositions and he found that creating music was a r_________ and cure for his disease. （根据首字母单词拼写）
65．The four countries belonging to the United Kingdom share the same currency and military d________.（根据首字母单词拼写）
七、根据中英文提示填写单词
66．If you swim in a river or lake, be sure to i_________(调查) what is below the water surface.（根据中英文提示填空）
67．How valuable you are is not m_________(衡量，估量) by how pretty you are on the outside. （根据中英文提示填空）
68．Schools should be lively places where i_________(个体) are encouraged to develop to their greatest potential. （根据中英文提示填空）
69．The unemployment problem tends to be a city p_________. (现象) （根据中英文提示填空）
70．In art criticism, you must a_________(假定) the artist has a secret message hidden within the work. （根据中英文提示填空）
八、完成句子
71．“绿宝石岛（爱尔兰）”风光宁静秀美，郡县草木葱茏，青山连绵起伏，牛羊点缀其中，堪称一场名副其实的视觉盛宴。
The peaceful landscape of the “Emerald Isle” and its many green counties is _________ _________ ________ ________ the eyes, with its rolling green hills _________ _________ sheep and cattle.
72．发明于中国，茶打破文化壁垒，在一天的辛苦劳作后给人们带来极大欣慰。
_________ in China, tea breaks through ________ ________ and ________ great relief after a hard day’s work.
73．为了提高人们保护濒危野生动物的意识，我们将于3月4日下午2点在第一会议室发起一项运动。
In order to _________ people’s _________ of _________ the endangered wildlife, we will start a campaign in NO. 1 meeting room at 2 pm on March 4.
74．通过在网络上分享大量电子照片，这些科学家和研究者希望在世界范围内促使人们对中国古代历史和文化习俗产生更广泛的兴趣。
By _________ so many digital photos over the Internet, the scientist and researchers hope to _________ even _________ _________ in China’s ancient history around the world.
75．线上学习能够帮助学生在网络世界里共同完成项目，在完成不同学习任务时彼此互动。(用定语从句)
Online learning can help students work together on projects in the online world ________ they can _________ _________ each other when completing different learning tasks.
九、汉译英（整句）
76．英国是历史与现代文化的神奇交融，新旧传统并存。如果你用心去观察，英国的过去与现在都将展现在你面前，令你叹为观止。（汉译英）
77．虚拟合唱团让他们能够把自己的声音与其他个体的声音融合，成为全球社区的一部分。事实证明，虚拟合唱团对许多人的生活产生了积极的影响。（汉译英）
十、推荐信
78．假如你是李华，你的美国笔友Alex在春节后将举家来广东旅游。对于即将开始的旅游，Alex很激动，请你写信推荐一处广东省内的美景。内容要点包括如下：
1. 写信目的；
2. 简要介绍其基本情况并对其美景进行描述；
3. 表达祝愿。
注意：1. 词数120左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Alex,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,
Li Hua
参考答案
1．C
【详解】
考查介词+关系代词引导的定语从句。句意：对中国的中等城市而言，还有很多往外扩展的空间，盐城就是这样一个例子。分析句子成分和句子结构可知，________ Yancheng is an example修饰前面的名词cities，所以这是一个非限制定语从句；根据句意可知，句中表达的意思为“盐城是中等城市的一个例子”，表示“……的”需要用到介词of。故选C项。
【点睛】
介词+关系代词引导的定语从句中，介词的选择方法之一是根据句意进行确定，如本题中需要表示“……的”，所以用到的介词是of。考生在遇到这个知识点的时候，要学会从句意出发确定介词。
2．B
【详解】
考查非谓语动词和虚拟语气。句意：在艾滋病日那天，卫生部部长要求被提到的那几个问题应该特别注意。分析句子结构可知，refer to 与the problems之间是逻辑动宾关系，应使用过去分词词组作后置定语，表被动；谓语动词demand后面的宾语从句的谓语动词要用“should+动词原形”，should可以省略。故选B。
3．C
【详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：当我醒过来的时候，发现自己躺在床上，被医生和护士包围着。myself与lie是主动关系，用现在分词lying表主动和进行。myself与surround是被动关系，用过去分词的形式作宾补。故选C。
4．C
【详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：如果这本词典不属于你，就把它放在该放的地方。由选项可知，本句时态用一般现在时，实义动词（词组）的否定形式的助动词用doesn’t，belong to sb.（属于某人）没有被动形式，主动表被动，第二空where 引导的地点状语从句缺乏谓语，belong是不及物动词，构成句型“主语+不及物动词”结构，从句主语 it是单数，谓语加s。故选C项。
5．D
【详解】
考查动词短语和非谓语动词。句意：关于家庭教育的观念有很多分歧，但是大多数人会倾向于同意下面这个事情。那就是只有那些参与到孩子成长过程中的父母，才被认为是合格的。第一个空考查固定短语，approve of表示赞同，同意。短语be involved in “参与，被卷入，被牵连”，分析可知，第二空需要过去分词短语involved in 作parents 的后置定语。故选D。
6．A
【详解】
考查动词短语辨析和过去分词。句意：没有互联网，他们发现自己与外界隔绝了。“cut off”表示“隔绝、隔断”；“cut up”表示“切碎”。根据句意可知，这里是表示“与外界隔绝了”，所以用cut off。这里是非谓语动词作宾补，宾语themselves和cut off之间为被动关系，用过去分词作宾补。故选A项。
7．B
【详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：普及教育是所有人都有平等的受教育机会的能力，不论其社会阶层、种族、背景或身体残疾。A. application申请；B. access通道、入径、(使用或见到的)机会/权利；C. admission准许加入；D. attempt尝试。由句意可知，此处指“受教育的机会”，access to...（使用……的机会/权利）。故选B项。
8．B
【详解】
考查过去分词。句意：这项国际协议于2月27日签署，旨在鼓励儿童戒烟，帮助人们戒烟。动词intend意为“设计，打算”，和逻辑主语The international agreement构成被动关系，且根据“was signed on February 27”可知，动作已经完成。所以应用过去分词作后置定语。故选B。
9．D
【详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：我们原以为考试会很难，结果却很容易。A.considered认为；B.made制作；C.kept保持；D.proved证明是。根据转折词but可知，此处是指结果证明考试很容易。故选D。
10．B
【详解】
考查习惯表达。句意：——彼得和我同工同酬，但他又买了一辆新奔驰！——不要嫉妒。彼得是把握机会、勿失良机的人。A. goes with the flow随波逐流；B. makes hay while the sun is shining把握机会、勿失良机；C. crosses over to the dark side堕落；D. sees the handwriting on the wall觉察到灾难降临前的不祥之兆。由上一句可知，彼得和我虽同工同酬，但彼得比我成功，下一句解释了彼得成功的原因，即他会把握机会、勿失良机。故选B项。
11．D
12．A
13．C
14．B
15．A
【分析】
本文是一篇散文。我们有多久没有仔细观察我们周围的世界了。作者通过此文要告诉我们：放慢脚步，带着我们所有的感官来感受周围世界的奇妙。
11．推理判断题。根据文章第二段Most of us observed much more as children than we do as adults. A child’s day is filled with fascination, newness and wonder.可知，与成人相比较，孩子观察得更多，孩子的一天充满了魔力、新奇和惊奇。从而可以推断出孩子更急于探索他们周围的世界。故选D。
12．推理判断题。根据文章第三段作者叙述在一个寒冷的夜晚，作者和学生徒步旅行穿过一条小溪的时候，学生们抱怨水太冷而不愿往前走，结果事实上那是一个温泉。作者举这样一个事例是为了向读者传递这样的观念：避免过早下结论。故选A。
13．细节理解题。根据文章第四段全段及首句Another block to awareness is the obsession(痴迷) many of us have with naming things.可知，鸟观察者发现鸟后只关心鸟的名字，并不关心它在做什么。故选C。
14．细节理解题。根据文章第五段I encountered many hikers who were headed to a distant camp-ground with just enough time to get there before dark. It seldom occurred to them to wander a bit, to take a moment to see what’s around them.可知，徒步旅行者只关心能够及时到达目的地，而很少关心周围的事物。故选B。
15．推理判断题。文章作者想要通过此文要告诉我们：大自然只展现给那些善于观察和等待的人，带着我们所有的感官来感受周围世界的奇妙吧。故选A。
点睛：本文是一篇散文阅读。整个文章行文自由，不拘一格，对考生来说阅读有一定的难度，但我们只需要抓住贯穿全文的主线：大自然只展现给那些善于观察和等待的人，就不难理解全文大意了。文章多考查细节理解题和推理判断题，考生需要根据文中事实和线索作出判断和推理。
16．D
17．B
18．D
19．C
20．A
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了德国交通部长对于自主驾驶车辆的规章制度的一个提议，引出了位于科技前沿的无人驾驶的自动化车辆在英国、新加坡和美国的不同前景。
16．猜测词义题。根据第二段内容The proposal attempts to deal with what some call the “death valley” of autonomous vehicles: the grey area between semi-autonomous and fully driverless cars that could delay the driverless future.注意冒号的作用，就是对死亡谷的解释说明：death valley指的是制约着无人驾驶汽车未来的半自动化和完全无人驾驶汽车之间的灰色地带即司机的角色不明朗的状况。A，B和C项内容文中根本就没有提到，故选D。
17．推理判断题。根据第二段的句子The proposal attempts to deal with what some call the “death valley” of autonomous vehicles:和第四段内容The change to the road traffic law will permit fully automatic driving,” says Dobrindt. It will put fully driverless cars on an equal legal footing to human drivers, he says.可以判断出这个提议被提出是为了推动完全自动化的驾驶。故选B。
18．细节理解题。根据第七段内容But that is not what many people have in mind when thinking of driverless cars. “When you say ‘driverless cars’, people expect driverless cars.”Merat says. “You know — no driver.” 可知消费者认为对于无人驾驶车辆的运行不应该牵涉到人的责任。故选D。
19．细节理解题。根据最后一段That would go down poorly in the US, however. “The idea that the government would take over driverless cars and treat them as a public good would get absolutely nowhere here,” says Calo.可知接管无人驾驶汽车并将其视为公共产品的想法在美国绝对行不通，即公共交通工具中无人驾驶车在美国看不到未来。故选C。
20．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了德国交通部长的提议是为了促进无人驾驶车运行，界定了汽车制造方负责，由此在第五段引出全文的主题句:Who is responsible for the operation of such vehicles is not clear among car makers, consumers and lawyers. 下面就此展开陈述。所以“自动化驾驶：谁的责任”可以概括全文，充当本文题目，故选A。
【点睛】
这篇文章内容和每个人生活密切相关，讲的是谁对这种新型交通工具：无人驾驶的全自动化的车辆负责各国意见不一，学生应该有兴趣阅读，涉及到科技前沿，文章篇幅适中。考查比较全面，除了理解细节题，还需要适当的推理，还有词义辨析类的题目，对学生能力考查比较全面。
做词义辨析类的题目，要仔细阅读这个词所在的前后的句子，发现有没有关联的同义词，反义词或是这个词的定义，分析这篇阅读的1题，要求对含有这个短语的整个句子的正确理解以及标点符号的作用。
21．B
22．A
23．B
24．D
25．C
【分析】
本文属于说明文阅读，作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了等待分为三种，我们不应该在等待时失去信心
21．细节理解题。根据第二段的句子During these waits, the brain slips away from the body and wanders about until the water runs over the edge of the counter and onto your socks. 可知，在等待的过程中，大脑从身体中溜走，四处游荡，直到水从柜台边缘流到你的袜子上。所以我们在等待一壶水煮开的时候我们总是心不在焉的。故选B。
22．细节理解题。根据第三段After all，Forced Waiting requires patience可知强迫等待需要耐心。所以强迫等待需与被监视的等待的区别是强迫等待需要自控。故选A。
23．细节理解题。根据第四段的句子waiting for your lucky break does not necessarily mean that it will happen.可知等待你的好运不一定意味着就会发生，即e Lucky-Break Wait不一定带来渴望的结果 。故选B。
24．细节理解题。根据第最后一段中The next time you’re standing at the sink waiting for it to fill while cooking noodle soup that you’ll have to eat until a large bag of cash falls out of the sky, don’t be desperate.可知，下次站在水槽边煮面时，一定不要灰心。所以作者建议我们下一次等待的时候，我们不要绝望，不要灰心。故选D。
25．推理判断题。根据第一段To understand the issue，let's take a look at three types of“waits”.可知，为了理解这个问题，让我们看看三种类型的“等待”。所以判断出作者是通过分析不同种类的等待来支持自己的观点的。故选C。
26．F
27．G
28．E
29．A
30．D
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章分析了导致人们生气的三个原因并指出如何防止愤怒爆发。
26．考查上下文理解和逻辑推理能力。上一句提到导致人们生气的三个主要原因： triggering（触发）events，personality traits（特征），our assessment of situations，下面的几段具体分析了这三个原因与生气的关系。故该句应该起承上启下的作用，故F选项（如果我们愿意用批判性的目光来评估自己的话，那么了解这些原因将会控制我们的愤怒。）承上启下，故选F。
27．考查上下文理解和逻辑推理能力。该空前面两句提到引发愤怒的事件很多，例如：堵车，截止日期临近，身体疼痛等。下一句提到：某件事会激发一个人的怒气，但其他人却不会为此而生气的原因是由于个人的历史和心理特征。该空承上启下，应当提到某件事会使某些人生气，但不会使别人生气这个现象，故G选项（人们对这些事情的反应不一样，这就导致使一个人生气的事情可能会让另一个人生气，也可能不会让另一个人生气。）承上启下，故选G。
28．考查上下文理解和逻辑推理能力。上一句提到：每个人都有自己的心里不平衡的地方。那些比较好强，气量比较小的人更容易生气。下一句提到：而且，有时候，pre-anger并不一定是一种持久的状态，而是一种触发事件发生前的暂时状态。该空承上启下，既要提到上一句中的那些性格特征，又要提到下一句中的pre-anger，故Having these personality traits implies the pre-anger state, where anger is in the background of your mind. （拥有这些个性特征意味着愤怒之前的状态，愤怒就在你的大脑背景中。）承上启下，故选E。
29．考查上下文理解和逻辑推理能力。下一句提到：有时候，甚至常规性的事件也会变成pre-anger或恼怒的来源。有时候对这些情况的无知和负面观点会产生愤怒。该空位于段首，引出下文，故A选项（我们的对情况的态度和看法也会在我们内心产生愤怒。）是本段的主题句，概括全段内容，故选A。
30．考查上下文理解和逻辑推理能力。下一句提到：但是生气很容易转变为暴力，所以最好了解一下愤怒的原因来阻止它的存在。该句和上一句之间是转折关系，结合剩余选项可知，D选项（愤怒是一种特别强烈的感情，或许人们认为他们有理由生气。）和下文构成转折关系，故选D。
点睛：七选五解题策略之一：词语复现
词语复现包括原词复现和同反义词复现，及正确选项和空格前后句子有相同的词或同反义词相互呼应。抓住这些复现线索，题目自然迎刃而解。在第一小题中，空前的the main reasons和G选项中的these reasons属于原词复现。第二小题空前文提到的trigger，G选项中的trigger，和空后一句中的trigger也属于原词复现。
31．B
32．D
33．C
34．C
35．A
36．D
37．B
38．A
39．B
40．B
41．D
42．C
43．A
44．D
45．B
46．C
47．A
48．C
49．D
50．A
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了作者开车带着它的狗去田地，路上发现了一只和它妈妈走散的小羊。作者下车去照看小羊，把自己的狗留在了车上。后来，作者帮助小羊找到了妈妈，谁知竟发现自己的狗开着拖拉机冲到了高速路上。作者赶紧沿途追赶，害怕造成严重的后果。幸运的是，最后没有人受伤。这真是一个奇迹！
31．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天早上，我在山顶的田野里发现了一只迷路的小羊，那里有一条高速公路穿过我的田地。A. dropped下降；B. spotted发现；C. carried搬； D. returned返回。下文说小羊和它的妈妈走散了，所以我是无意中发现了一只迷路的小羊。故选B。
32．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：小羊和它的妈妈走散了，所以我跳下拖拉机去照看它，而Don还坐在它的座位上。A. kids小孩；B. friends朋友；C. owner主人；D. mother妈妈。根据下文Lamb and mother，可知小羊是和它的妈妈走散了。故选D。
33．
考查动词短语辨析。句意：小羊和它的妈妈走散了，所以我跳下拖拉机去照看它，而Don还坐在它的座位上。A. ask about询问；B. play with同……一起玩；C. tend to照看；D. run into撞上。上文说小羊和它的妈妈走散了，所以可以推测出我跳下拖拉机去照看它。故选C。
34．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：小羊和它的妈妈重聚了，我转过身去看拖拉机，却看见它突然离开了我。A. freed使自由；B. switched转变；C. reunited重聚；D. examined检查。下文说我转过身去看拖拉机，因为小羊和它的妈妈重聚了，所以我才有心思去看我的拖拉机。故选C。
35．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这太出乎意料了，因为我跳下车时已经拉上了手刹。A. unexpected出乎意料的；B. dangerous危险的；C. embarrassing使人尴尬的；D. difficult困难的。上文说我看见拖拉机突然离开了我，下文说我跳下车时已经拉上了手刹，所以这是让人出乎意料的事情。故选A。
36．
考查副词词义辨析。句意：显然，Don以某种方式使车子动了起来。A. Fortunately幸运地；B. Generally通常；C. Immediately立即；D. Obviously显然。根据while Don stayed in his seat可知我跳下车，照顾小羊的时候，Don还坐在它的座位上。那么，很显然，是Don以某种方式使车子动了起来。故选D。
37．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：显然，Don以某种方式使车子动了起来。A. lamb小羊；B. vehicle车辆；C. seat座位；D. fence栅栏。根据I turned back to the tractor only to see it move suddenly away from me.可知我转过身去看拖拉机，却看见它突然离开了我。所以这里指的是Don开走了我的车。故选B。
38．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我看到拖拉机朝高速公路开去时，我的心都僵在胸口。A. saw看到；B. stopped停止；C. remembered记得；D. drove驾驶。下文说，我拼命地追，所以我是看到了拖拉机朝高速公路开去。故选A。
39．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我看到拖拉机朝高速公路开去时，我的心都僵在胸口。A. crowd人群；B. motorway高速公路；C. field旷野；D. hill小山。根据near where a motorway cuts through my land.和having miraculously (奇迹般地) crossed the…road with fast-flowing traffic.可知拖拉机是朝高速公路开去。故选B。
40．
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我拼命地跑，但没能追上。A. take off起飞； B. catch up追上； C. hold back阻止；D. get out出去。根据I ran desperately以及下文It crashed through a wooden fence and disappeared.可知我没有追上拖拉机。故选B。
41．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我最后看到的是Don的脸，它平静地看着我。A. real真实的；B. best最好的； C. basic基本的；D. last最后的。Don平静地看着我，这是我最后看到的事情。故选D。
42．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的心都提到嗓子眼了，我抵达栅栏，仔细检查。A. fixed固定；B. noticed注意； C. reached抵达；D. closed关。根据and looked over可知我是抵达了栅栏。故选C。
43．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：拖拉机正靠在路中间预留地带的防撞栏上，奇迹般地穿过了车流如水的繁忙道路。A. resting 倚靠；B. running跑； C. parking停车；D. turning转动。根据the crash barrier in the central reservation可知拖拉机是靠在路中间预留地带的防撞栏上。故选A。
44．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：拖拉机正靠在路中间预留地带的防撞栏上，奇迹般地穿过了车流如水的繁忙道路。A. steep陡峭的；B. long长的；C. rough粗糙的；D. busy繁忙的。根据fast-flowing traffic可知这条高速公路非常繁忙。故选D。
45．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我看不见Don，但当我接近拖拉机时，它跳上了马路，显然没有受伤，冲回我身边。A. abandoned抛弃； B. approached接近;C. recognized意识到；D. repaired修理。下文说我的狗冲回我身边，所以我必定是接近了拖拉机。故选B。
46．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我看不见Don，但当我接近拖拉机时，它跳上了马路，显然没有受伤，冲回我身边。A. unclean不洁的；B. uncertain不确定的；C. unhurt没有受伤的；D. unhappy不快乐的。根据下文no one got badly hurt可知我的狗没有受伤。故选C。
47．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：警察来了，高速公路的运行又恢复了正常。A. arrived到达；B. replied回答；C. survived幸存；D. waited等待。下文说高速公路的运行又恢复了正常，可知是警察到达，处理了情况。故选A。
48．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不能完全相信我的运气，结果没有人受重伤，但后果可能是可怕的。A. ability能力；B. dream梦想； C. luck运气；D. idea想法。我的狗驾驶着拖拉机上了车水马龙的高速路，结果却没有人受伤，所以我不相信我有这么好的运气。故选C。
49．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我不能完全相信我的运气，结果没有人受重伤，但后果可能是可怕的。A. common普通的；B. confusing混乱的；C. desirable令人向往的；D. awful可怕的。根据上文作者的极度担忧My heart froze in my chest和Heart in mouth以及生活常识，动物开车上了高速路，结果可能是非常可怕的。故选D。
50．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Don那天晚上被给予了一顿特别的晚餐——我不想让它认为我生它的气。A. meal一餐；B. test测验；C. job工作； D. lesson教训。根据下文I didn't want him thinking I was angry with him.可知我不想让它认为我生它的气，所以我给它提供了一顿特别的晚餐。故选A。
51．an
52．which
53．months
54．for
55．most effective
56．really
57．sounds
58．reading
59．their
60．learned
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。讲述了轻松积累词汇的几种方法。
51．考查冠词。句意：和生活中许多事情一样，积累词汇也是一个不断发展的过程。由语境可知填“一个”，欧宁以元音音素开头， “一个”用不定冠词an表示泛指。故填an。
52．考查定语从句关系词。句意：通过分析句子结构可知，_______means you'll just keep getting better and better.是定语从句，空白处所填的词指代逗号前的there’s enough room for improvement，which在句中为关系代词，引导非限定性定语从句，并在句中作主语。故填which。
53．考查名词单复数。句意：你认为青少年时期几个月的记忆锻炼不够。month为可数名词，且由a few可知month应用复数形式。故填months。
54．考查介词。句意：几个月的记忆锻炼对于余生是不够的。be enough for sth 对······已足够。故填介词for。
55．考查形容词最高级。句意：读好书是扩大词汇量最有效的方法之一。此处要表达的是“最有效的方法之一”，因此填most effective。
56．考查词性转换。句意：你需要一周至少真正读一本书。此处应用副词修饰动词 read，因此填really。
57．考查谓语动词。句意：这件事并不像听起来那么难。描述的是一般事实，而且主语为it，因此用sound的一般现在时第三人称单数形式。故填sounds.
58．考查非谓语动词。句意：你在阅读一篇有趣的文学故事时增长词汇量。逻辑主语you与动词read为主动关系，故用现在分词reading ... 作状语；也可视为状语从句while you are reading... 的省略形式。故填reading。
59．考查代词。句意：另一个好处是你不知不觉中学习到了新词和它们的用法。use在此处是名词，故用形容词性物主代词their作定语。故填their。
60．考查非谓语动词。句意：你自然会在对话中使用这些词汇。learned / learnt作后置定语修饰words，表示“已学过的词”， words与learn是被动的关系，因此用过去分词。故填learned/learnt。
【点睛】
语法填空分有提示词和无提示词两类。本篇语法填空题的设空有提示词的7个,无提示词的3个。因此,有提示词类是高考语法填空测试的重点。1.有提示词的都是实词,要求用括号里所给词的适当形式填空。所给词包括动词、形容词、名词和代词四类, 2.无提示词。包括（冠词、介词、连词、从句关系词）。例如：一. 动词的形态变化，即时态（重点考察一般过去时，一般现在时）、被动语态、虚拟语气、祈使句和非谓语动词（v-ing, v-ed, to do 作主语、状语、定语（前置、后置定语）等This isn’t as hard as it___7___(sound),根据前面的谓语isn’t得知描述的是一般事实，主语为第三人称it，因此用sound的一般现在时也要用第三人称单数形式。故填sounds.because you improve your vocabulary while___8___(read) an interesting piece of literature.前后主语一致，逻辑主语you与动词read为主动关系，故用现在分词reading ... 作状语；也可视为状语从句while you are reading... 的省略形式，省略主语和be动词。故填reading。you will tend to use the words___10___(learn)this way in conversations almost automatically.前面有谓语动词，划线动词和前一句没有连词，可以判定出填非谓语形式。learned / learnt作后置定语修饰words，表示“已学过的词”， words与learn是被动的关系，因此用过去分词。
61．established
【详解】
考查动词和被动语态。句意：该学院的一位教授提议建立一个基金来筹集资金。根据主语a fund和to raise money可知，此处应用动词“建立”，根据首字母e可知，此处应用动词establish。且此处主语a fund和动词establish构成被动关系。故填established。
62．harmony
【详解】
考查名词。句意：只有当我们学会与自然和谐相处时，我们才能停止对野生动物和地球的威胁。介词in 后接名词harmony作宾语，构成固定搭配in harmony with sth.（与某物和谐相处）。故填harmony。
63．contributions
【详解】
考查名词的数。句意：该小组要求各部门捐款，并在国际社会内筹集资金。介词for 后用名词作宾语，名词contribution意为“捐款”是可数的，由from different departments可知，此处用其复数形式。故填contributions。
64．relief
【详解】
考查名词的数。句意：尽管受到逐渐失明的影响，亨利仍然有写作的能力，他发现创作音乐是一种解脱和治愈疾病的方法。不定冠词a后接单数名词形式，用名词relief（解脱）表一种宽慰的感觉。故填relief。
65．defense/defence
【详解】
考查名词。句意：属于联合王国（英国）的四个国家拥有相同的货币和军事防御。形容词military后接名词defense/defence（防御），构成名词短语，和名词短语 the same currency 一样，作动词 share的宾语。故填defense/defence。
66．investigate
【详解】
考查动词。句意：如果你在河流或湖泊中游泳，一定要调查一下水面以下的情况。根据汉语提示和首字母i提示可知，investigate调查，动词，符合题意；be sure to do sth.一定做某事，固定搭配，所以空处需用动词原形。故填investigate。
67．measured
【详解】
考查被动语态。句意：你的价值不取决于你的外表有多漂亮。根据汉语提示和首字母m可知，,measure“衡量，估量”，动词，符合题意；由空后“by how pretty you are on the outside. ”可知，空处谓语动词需用一般现在时态的被动语态，所以空处需用过去分词measured。故填measured。
68．individuals
【详解】
考查名词的数。句意：学校应该是充满活力的地方，鼓励个人发挥他们的最大潜力。根据汉语提示“个体”，可知应填名词individual，作主语，结合后文are可知用复数。故填individuals。
69．phenomenon
【详解】
考查名词。句意：失业问题往往是一种城市现象。根据汉语和首字母p提示可知，phenomenon现象，名词，符合题意，不定冠词a后需接可数名词单数。故填phenomenon。
70．assume
【详解】
考查动词。句意：在艺术批评中，你必须假设艺术家在作品中隐藏着一个秘密信息。情态动词must +动词原形，此处用动词assume的动词原形形式。故填assume。
71．a true feast for dotted with
【详解】
考查固定短语和非谓语动词。根据句意表示“视觉盛宴”可知短语为be a true feast for；表示“点缀”应用短语dot with，此处为with的复合结构“with+宾语+宾补”，rolling green hills与dot构成被动，应用过去分词形式作宾补。故填①a；②true；③feast；④for；⑤dotted；⑥with。
72．Invented cultural barriers provides/offers/brings
【详解】
考查过去分词、形容词和时态。 ① in China, tea breaks through...已有谓语breaks through中间且无连词，结合句意可知，动词invent用非谓语形式，主语tea 和动词invent是逻辑上的动宾关系，用过去分词表被动作状语，首字母大写；用形容词cultural（文化的）作定语修饰名词barriers（壁垒，用复数形式表不止一处壁垒），本处and连接两个谓语动词，由谓语breaks through可知，时态用一般现在时，主语tea不可数名词，谓语用单数形式，填provides/offers/brings（带来）。故填①Invented②cultural③barriers④provides/offers/brings。
73．raise/promote/improve awareness protecting
【详解】
考查动词不定式、名词和动名词。固定搭配in order to do sth.（为了做某事），第一空用动词原形raise/promote/improve，意为“提高”，people’s ② 是名词所有格，第二空用名词awareness，意为“意识”，介词of 后接名词/动名词，第三空应用动词protect“保护”的动名词形式作介词of的宾语。故填①raise/promote/improve②awareness③protecting。
74．sharing promote/raise greater/wider interest
【详解】
根据句意可知，表示“分享”应用动词share，在介词by后应用动名词形式。表示“促使”可用动词promote（促进）或raise（引起），表示“更广泛的”可用形容词greater或者wider，表示“兴趣”可用名词interest。故填①sharing②promote/raise③greater/wider④interest。
75．where interact with
【详解】
考查定语从句和动词短语。分析句子可知，第一个空需要填连接词引导定语从句，关系词代替先行词online world在定语从句中做地点状语，应用关系副词where；“与某人互动”表达为interact with somebody，在情态动词can后动词用原形。故答案①where②interact③with。
76．The UK is a fascinating mix of history and modern culture, with both new and old traditions. If you keep your eyes open, you will be surprised to find that you can see both its past and its present.
【详解】
考查时态、状语从句和宾语从句。第一句讲的是事实，时态用一般现在时，相关词汇有“神奇的”fascinating ，“混合”mix ，“文化”culture，“传统” tradition，第二句由If 引导的条件状语从句，主句时态一般将来时，从句时态一般现在时，动词“发现”find 后接that引导的宾语从句，相关词汇有“用心去观察”keep your eyes open，“惊讶于做某事”be surprised to do sth.，“现在”present；再根据其他汉语提示，故翻译为The UK is a fascinating mix of history and modern culture, with both new and old traditions. If you keep your eyes open, you will be surprised to find that you can see both its past and its present.。
77．A virtual choir enables them to add their voices to those of other individuals and become part of the global community. It has proved to be a positive influence on the lives of many people.
【详解】
考查时态和固定搭配。由句意可知，第一句讲述了事实，时态用一般现在时，第二句表明过去对现在的影响，时态用现在完成时；固定搭配 enable sb. to do sth.（使某人有能力做某事），作第一句谓语动词；add sth. to sth.（把某物加入某物）；influence on sth.（对某物的影响）；“虚拟合唱团”A virtual choir，作第一句主语；“声音”voices；“个体”individuals，“全球社区”global community，“积极的”positive，“证明” prove，作第二句谓语动词；再根据其他汉语提示，故翻译为A virtual choir enables them to add their voices to those of other individuals and become part of the global community. It has proved to be a positive influence on the lives of many people.。
78．Dear Alex,
Thrilled to hear that you are coming to Guangdong with your family for a tour after Spring Festival, I am writing to introduce a must-see tourist destination for you as you have never been to Guangdong before.
As the landmark of Guangzhou, Canton Tower is famous for its unique design, offering you a bird's-eye view of the whole city and some entertainment activities inside as well. Over 600 metres in height, Canton Tower is like a modern-looking lady greeting visitors from home and abroad.
I am fully convinced that you will have a fabulous trip here in Guangdong. Please let me know in advance when you are setting off for your tour and wish you a fruitful and happy trip.
Yours,
Li Hua
【分析】
本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给在春节后将举家来广东旅游的美国笔友Alex写信，向他推荐一处广东省内的美景。
【详解】
第一步：审题
体裁：应用文
时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时,少量现在进行时和一般将来时。
结构：总分法
总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。
要求：
1. 写信目的；
2. 简要介绍其基本情况并对其美景进行描述；
3. 表达祝愿。
第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）
a must-see tourist destination; be famous for; offer sb. sth.; a bird's-eye view of; entertainment activities; in advance; set off
第三步：连词成句
1. I am writing to introduce a must-see tourist destination for you as you have never been to Guangdong before.
2. As the landmark of Guangzhou, Canton Tower is famous for its unique design, offering you a bird's-eye view of the whole city and some entertainment activities inside as well.
3. Please let me know in advance when you are setting off for your tour and wish you a fruitful and happy trip.
根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）
表因果关系：as
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。
【点睛】
[高分句型1] Thrilled to hear that you are coming to Guangdong with your family for a tour after Spring Festival, I am writing to introduce a must-see tourist destination for you as you have never been to Guangdong before.用了that引导的宾语从句。
[高分句型2] As the landmark of Guangzhou, Canton Tower is famous for its unique design, offering you a bird's-eye view of the whole city and some entertainment activities inside as well.用了现在分词短语作状语。
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