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广东省潮阳实验中学2021届高三上期期末英语试题
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这是一份广东省潮阳实验中学2021届高三上期期末英语试题，共21页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，用单词的适当形式完成短文，感谢信/祝贺信，读后续写等内容，欢迎下载使用。
广东省潮阳实验中学2021届高三上期期末英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、阅读理解
Summer
Author: Ali Smith
Price: ￡16. 99
Ali Smith’s Summer continues the interplay between the recent past and modern day society that marked out her works as insightful. The top of a hugely ambitious and fast paced literary project that aims to display the state of the nation with burning immediacy（直观性）, Summer is one of 2020’ s absolute must-reads.
Actress
Author: Anne Enright
Price: ￡16. 99
A beautifully realised novel of mother-daughter relationships and the dark side of fame and adulation（吹捧）, Actress skillfully unpacks the secrets and lies of a well known theatre performer and the effects of her bad fame on the child who admired her. With a sharp eye for female interaction and familial meaning, Actress finds the former Booker Prize-winner on excellent form.
Redhead by the Side of the Road
Author: Anne Tyler
Price: ￡ 14. 99
Redhead by the Side of the Road is both a deliciously perfect love story and a character study of a lovable eccentric（古怪的人）, stuck in his ways. Showing the emotional warmth that has made her both a critical darling and a beloved popular author, this is Anne Tyler at her winning best.
Grown Ups
Author: Marian Keyes
Price: ￡ 20. 00
There are few writers as capable of showing the frictions of family life with as much humour and accuracy as Marian Keyes and her latest sees her on flashing form. When one woman’s accident leads to an outpouring of long-contained complaints and secrets, it calls into question just how civilised and “ grown-up” any of us actually are.
1．What is special about Summer?
A．It is about the reflection of the country. B．It shows the bad side of the daily life.
C．It shows how a country grew stronger. D．It tells the fast pace of the present life.
2．What will you see in the book Actress?
A．The hard work of performance. B．The glory of the film star.
C．The bitter side of a mother. D．The growth of a rising star.
3．Which of the following shows the everyday life of a lovely couple?
A．Actress B．Summer C．Grown Ups D．Redhead by the Side of the Road
A one-armed 13-year-old basketball player in a video moves China. He is Zhang Jiacheng, from Guangdong Province. In the video, facing a taller, stronger, and older opponent (对手), he isn't afraid at all.
Attracted by his good skills in the video, many people even fail to know that Zhang Jiacheng has only one arm. Although the young boy lost one of his arms in an accident, he became crazy about playing basketball at 12. "Work hard or just give up," he always says. Thus, he spent all of his free time on it without considering his body condition.
People's attention has encouraged him to work harder towards his goal---to become a top basketball player. "I just keep practising every day to improve myself whether at home or in the playground," he says, "My biggest challenge is to control the ball much better." After only a year of hard practising, Zhang Jiacheng has improved his skills greatly. Through patience, confidence and determination, the young basketball player is getting closer to his life goal.
His effort and courage finally caught the attention of Yi Jianlian, a Chinese professional (职业的) basketball player, who shared the video on his own Weibo.
4．Why do people fail to know the boy has only one arm?
A．Because his good skills attract people.
B．Because his life goal encourages people.
C．Because he jumps to an amazing height.
D．Because he hides the other arm carefully.
5．What is the biggest challenge for the boy?
A．Controlling the ball better. B．Keeping his balance.
C．Making some more friends. D．Getting closer to his family.
6．What is the boy's goal according to the text?
A．To live a comfortable life. B．To become a top basketball player.
C．To set up a basketball team. D．To build a large gym for his school.
7．What will probably be talked about in the following paragraph?
A．Yi Jianlian's cute pets. B．Yi Jianlian's courage.
C．The video's influence. D．The video's quality.
The River Thames has some of the highest recorded levels of microplastics for any river in the world.
Scientists have estimated that 94,000 microplastics per second flow down the river in places. The quantity is larger than that measured in other European rivers, such as the Danube and Rhine. Tiny bits of plastic have been found inside the bodies of crabs living in the Thames.
Researchers at Royal Holloway, University of London, are calling for stricter regulations on the labelling and disposal of plastic products. They warn that careless disposal of plastic gloves and masks during the coronavirus pandemic might make the problem of plastic pollution worse.
“Taken together, these studies show how many different types of plastic, from microplastics in the water through to larger items of debris physically altering the foreshore, can potentially affect a wide range of organisms in the River Thames,” said Prof Dave Morritt from Royal Holloway, “The increased use of single- use plastic items, and the inappropriate disposal of such items, including masks and gloves, along with plastic- containing cleaning products, during the current COVID-19 pandemic, may well make this problem even worse.”
Many forms of microplastics were found in the Thames, including glitter, microbeads from cosmetics and plastic debris from larger items. Most of the microplastics came from the break-down of large plastics, with food packaging thought to be a significant source. “Flushable” wet wipes were found in high abundance on the shoreline forming “wet wipe reefs”.
Study researcher, Katherine McCoy, said, “Our study shows that stricter regulations are needed for the labelling and disposal of these products. There is great range to further research the impacts of microplastics and indeed microfibres on Thames organisms.”
8．What did the researchers mainly suggest?
A．Stricter regulations should be made.
B．People shouldn't eat crabs for a while.
C．People should cut the use of plastic gloves
D．Plastic masks shouldn't be thrown away carelessly.
9．Where did most microplastics found in the River Thames come from?
A．Wet wipes. B．Food packaging.
C．Cleaning products. D．Single-use plastic masks.
10．What is the best title for the text?
A．Wildlife Being Threatened by Microplastics.
B．Forms of Microplastics Found in the Thames.
C．River Thames Severely Polluted with Plastic.
D．Inappropriate Disposal of Single-use Plastics.
11．In which section of a newspaper may this text appear?
A．Science. B．Environment. C．Health. D．Education.
”Did you hear what happened to Adam last Friday?” Lindsey whispers to Tori.
With her eyes shining, Tori brags, “You bet I did. Sean told me two days ago.”
Who are Lindsey and Tori talking about? It just happens to be yours truly, Adam Freedman. I can tell you that what they are saying is (a) not nice and (b) not even true. Still, Lindsey and Tori aren’t very different from most students here at Linton High School, including me. Many of our conversations are gossip. I have noticed three effects of gossip: it can hurt people, it can give gossipers a strange kind of satisfaction, and it can cause social pressures in a group.
An important negative effect of gossip is that it can hurt the person being talked about. Usually, gossip spreads information about a topic — breakups, trouble at home, even dropping out — that a person would rather keep secret. The more embarrassing or shameful the secret is, the juicier the gossip it makes. Probably the worst type of gossip is the absolute lie. People often think of gossipers as harmless, but cruel lies can cause pain.
If we know that gossip can be harmful, then why do so many of us do it? The answer lies in another effect of gossip: the satisfaction it gives us. Sharing the latest rumor can make a person feel important because he or she knows something that others don’t. Similarly, hearing the latest rumor can make a person feel like part of the “in group.” In other words, gossip is satisfying because it gives people a sense of belonging or even superiority(优越感).
Gossip also can have a third effect: it strengthens unwritten, unspoken rules about how people should act. Professor David Wilson explains that gossip is important in policing behaviors in a group. Translated into high school terms, this means that if everybody you hang around with is laughing at what John wore or what Jane said, then you can bet that wearing or saying something similar will get you the same kind of negative attention. The do’s and don’ts conveyed through gossip will never show up in any student handbook.
The effects of gossip vary depending on the situation. The next time you feel the urge to spread the latest news, think about why you want to gossip and what effects your “juicy story” might have.
12．The author uses a conversation at the beginning of the passage to ________.
A．introduce a topic B．present an argument
C．describe the characters D．clarify his writing purpose
13．An important negative effect of gossip is that it ________.
A．breaks up relationships B．embarrasses the listener
C．spreads information around D．causes unpleasant experiences
14．In the author’s opinion, many people like to gossip because it ________.
A．gives them a feeling of pleasure B．helps them to make more friends
C．makes them better at telling stories D．enables them to meet important people
15．What advice does the author give in the passage?
A．Never become a gossiper. B．Stay away from gossipers.
C．Don’t let gossip turn into lies. D．Think twice before you gossip.
二、七选五
A Diet Without Enough Protein Can Cause Depression
Depression is a condition so common, the World Health Organization (WHO) calls it “a leading cause of disability.”
Difficulty in falling asleep, loss of appetite, and loss of ability to concentrate are just a few of the other effects of depression. WHO estimates that worldwide, at any one time, 350 million people suffer from the condition. While life events such as the loss of a spouse or a job may create a happening of depression, many cases come from within and are not caused by a life event.
Now scientists are working on a new aspect of cure: nutrition. 16． The Indian Journal of Psychiartry reports that both before and during a happening of depression, those with the condition will show a “poor appetite…” 17． Many cases of depression, if not most cases, affect those who don’t eat properly.
So what does protein have to do with all this? It all comes down to amino acids (氨基酸). Proteins are made up of amino acids, chemicals known as the “building blocks of life.” There are 20 different amino acids. 18．
Both the human brain and nervous system use amino acids as a substance that creates a signal from one brain cell to another or one nerve cell to another, thus relaying information between the cells. What the final result then? 19．
Since amino acids make up protein, a diet which lacks in protein will cause weaker communication between the brain cells. This lessens the signal being sent from one brain cell to the next during a thought. 20． This is why depression can often express itself as anger or aggression.
A.The ultimate effect is how we think.
B.Don't ruin your appetite by eating between meals.
C.Skipping meals itself can create a depressed mood.
D.A new research suggests that nutrition can lessen some of the risks of depression.
E.India is perhaps the world’s leader in researching the connection between diet and depression.
F.Many of them are made by the human body, but nine others, the “essential” amino acids, must be eaten in one’s diet.
G.The process can lead to twisted signals, which can not only lead to depression, but also, according to many scientists, aggression.
三、完形填空
Tomorrow will be another day
On my way home from work every evening, there would be a homeless middle-aged man standing by the walkway. He was always 21 smiling, and sometimes almost dancing.
Every day after work I would remember to gather any spare 22 , and put it aside. If l saw him I’d give him the coins. A feeling of 23 would come over me every time I saw him as he looked to feel joyful. Sometimes we would ask each other about our day. His 24 would be the same, “I’m fine. Have a bright day.”
I knew what his reply was going to be every time, 25 I would still ask. It 26 me of how lucky me that even in his situation of being homeless, he was so cheerful. He 27 me how lucky I was, a single mother of four kids, with a good job to provide for them.
Then one day I was called into my boss’s office and was told that I was 28 due to the weak economy (经济). A feeling of worry filled my mind immediately, and for the rest of that day all I could think about was “how am I going to 29 my family, and how am I going to pay rent?”
That day I was very sad and upset on my way home. I 30 forgot to prepare some coins for the homeless man as usual. As I waited for the red light to turn, he walked over with a big smile and asked, “How is everything going?” I told him I lost my job and felt really bad. “OK, I will 31 you a dollar today. Tomorrow will be another day,” said the man.
I was deeply 32 and burst into tears. I wanted to hug him! That day what the man handed me was more than a dollar bill. He taught me a 33 lesson. Whatever material things are taken from you, no one can take away your 34 to be joyful. Tomorrow will be a bright day and full of 35 .
21．A．happy B．shy C．nervous D．careful
22．A．time B．food C．change D．water
23．A．pity B．pain C．anger D．joy
24．A．demand B．answer C．view D．reason
25．A．but B．for C．or D．so
26．A．satisfied B．frightened C．disappointed D．amazed
27．A．informed B．advised C．reminded D．warned
28．A．fired B．examined C．questioned D．invited
29．A．miss B．support C．trust D．check
30．A．still B．once C．even D．always
31．A．charge B．find C．show D．give
32．A．moved B．hurt C．lost D．relaxed
33．A．terrible B．valuable C．hard D．strange
34．A．cost B．secret C．stress D．choice
35．A．doubt B．regret C．hope D．praise
四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
I was nine years old when I leant to ride a bike. The bike was a birthday present from my uncle. You can imagine how excited I was when I saw the bike, and I 36． (beg) my uncle to teach me how to ride it right away. However, before I got on the bike, I felt 37． (extreme) nervous and I was afraid that I would fall off and hurt myself. My uncle held onto the seat and helped me to get on the bike. While I was riding, he was running along beside me, holding the seat 38． I would not fall over. I was so grateful to him for his help.
As I was practicing, I became more and more confident. Then, I heard my uncle 39． (shout), “You are riding it by 40． (you) now!” I was both excited and scared. I was really riding by myself, but what if I fell off? Could I use the brakes 41． (stop)? As I was wondering about this, my uncle ran after me and got hold of the bike. I slowed down and came to 42． stop. My heart was still beating fast when I got off the bike. 43． (late) that day, having learnt how to get on the bike and get off it, I felt like I was walking on air! I am still 44． (thank) to my uncle for teaching me to ride a bike 45． my ninth birthday.
五、感谢信/祝贺信
46．假设你是李华，两周前你从网上订购了一套英语书虫系列读物（Bookworm Series），昨天才收到货，且包装破损、数量不足。请就此向网点客服写邮件投诉。要点如下：
1．介绍购物情况；
2．反映存在问题；
3．提出解决方案。
注意：1．词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．开头语已为你写好，不计入总次数。
To whom it may concern,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Li Hua
六、读后续写
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
A light rain was falling as my sister Jill and I ran out of the shop, eager to get home and play with the presents that our parents had prepared for us and our baby sister, Sharon.Across the street from the shop was a gas station where the Greyhound bus stopped, which was closed for New Year, but I saw a family standing outside the locked door, gathering closely together under the narrow overhang in an attempt to keep dry.I wondered briefly why they were there but then forgot about them as I raced to keep up with Jill.
Once we got home, there was barely time to enjoy our presents.We had to go off to our grandparents’ house for our annual family dinner.As we drove down the highway through town, I noticed that the family was still there, standing outside the closed gas station.
My father was driving very slowly down the highway.The closer we got to the turnoff(岔道) for my grandparents’ house, the slower the car went.Suddenly, my father made a Uturn in the middle of the road and said that he couldn’t stand it.“What？” asked my mother.“It’s those people back there at the station, standing in the rain.They’ve got children.It’s New Year.I can’t stand it.”
When my father pulled into the service station, I saw that there were five of them: the parents and three children—two girls and a small boy, who were getting wet standing there. My father rolled down his window.“Happy New Year, ” he said.
“Thanks. You, too, ” the man replied. He was very tall and had to bend slightly to look into the car. Jill, Sharon, and I looked at the children, and they looked back at us.
“You waiting on the bus？” my father asked. The man said that they were. They were going to Birmingham, where he had a brother and chances of a job. Knowing the bus wouldn’t come along for several hours, my father invited them to our home to shelter from the rain.
Paragraph 1：
The man thought about it for a moment，but then refused.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph 2：
When we got out of the car at our house，the three children ran through the front door happily.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1．A
2．C
3．D
【分析】
这是一篇应用文。全文介绍了 2020 年畅销的四本书。
1．
细节理解题。根据文章Summer提及的内容“The top of a hugely ambitious and fast paced literary project that aims to display the state of the nation with burning immediacy（直观性）, Summer is one of 2020’ s absolute must-reads.”（《夏日》是一部雄心勃勃、节奏极快的文学作品的巅峰之作，其目的是用炽热的瞬间展现美国的现状，《夏日》是2020年的绝对必读读物之一。）可知， Summer是一本反映国家的书。故选A项。
2．
推理判断题。根据文章Actress提及的内容“A beautifully realized novel of mother-daughter relationships and the dark side of fame and adulation, Actress skillfully unpacks the secrets and lies of a well known theatre performer and the effects of her bad fame on the child who admired her.”（这是一部关于母女关系以及名声和奉承的阴暗面的小说，她巧妙地揭示了一位著名戏剧演员的秘密和谎言，以及她坏名声对崇拜她的孩子的影响。）可知，Actress这本书反应了作为一名母亲痛苦的一面。故选C项。
3．
推理判断题。根据文章Redhead by the Side of the Road提及的内容“Redhead by the Side of the Road is both a deliciously perfect love story and a character study of a lovable eccentric（古怪的人）, stuck in his ways.”（《路边的红头发》既是一部完美的爱情故事，也是对一个可爱的特立独行者的性格研究。）可知，Redhead by the Side of the Road是关于一部关于爱情的小说。体现了一对可爱夫妇的日常生活。选D项。
4．A
5．A
6．B
7．C
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了独臂篮球男孩张家城的故事。
4．
细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Attracted by his good skills in the video, many people even fail to know that Zhang Jiacheng has only one arm. (被他在视频中出色的技巧所吸引，很多人甚至不知道张家城只有一只胳膊)”可知，因为被张家城的出色的球技吸引，所以人们不知道他只有一只胳膊。故选A。
5．
细节理解题。根据第三段中“"I just keep practising every day to improve myself whether at home or in the playground," he says, "My biggest challenge is to control the ball much better."(“我只是每天坚持练习，提高自己，无论是在家里还是在操场上， ”他说，“我最大的挑战是更好地控制球”)”可知，张家城最大的挑战是如何更好地控制球。故选A。
6．
细节理解题。根据第三段中“People's attention has encouraged him to work harder towards his goal---to become a top basketball player. (人们的关注鼓励他朝着自己的目标努力——成为一名项尖的篮球运动员)”可知，张家城的目标是成为一名顶尖的篮球运动员。故选B。
7．
推理判断题。根据最后一段“His effort and courage finally caught the attention of Yi Jianlian, a Chinese professional (职业的) basketball player, who shared the video on his own Weibo. (他的努力和勇气终于引起了中国职业篮球运动员易建联的注意，他在自己的微博上分享了这段视频) ”可推知，视频被易建联分享后，会有更广泛的传播，会被更多的人看到，会产生更大的影响，所以接下来的段落可能将讲述这段视频的影响。故选C。
8．A
9．B
10．C
11．B
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了泰晤士河是世界上微塑料含量最高的河流之一，科学家估计，每秒有94000个微塑料顺流而下。对此研究人员建议制定更严格的规章制度，文章还介绍了这些微塑料的类型等情况。
8．
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Researchers at Royal Holloway, University of London, are calling for stricter regulations on the labelling and disposal of plastic products. (伦敦大学皇家霍洛威学院的研究人员呼吁对塑料产品的标签和处理采取更严格的规定)”可知，研究人员主要建议应该制定更严格的规章制度。故选A。
9．
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Most of the microplastics came from the break-down of large plastics, with food packaging thought to be a significant source. (大多数微塑料来自于大型塑料的分解，食品包装被认为是一个重要来源)”可知，泰晤士河中发现的大多数微塑料来自食品包装。故选B。
10．
主旨大意题。根据第一段“The River Thames has some of the highest recorded levels of microplastics for any river in the world. (泰晤士河是世界上微塑料含量最高的河流之一)”结合文章主要说明了泰晤士河是世界上微塑料含量最高的河流之一，科学家估计，每秒有94000个微塑料顺流而下。对此研究人员建议制定更严格的规章制度，文章还介绍了这些微塑料的类型等情况。可知，C选项“泰晤士河被塑料严重污染”最符合文章标题。故选C。
11．
推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要说明了泰晤士河是世界上微塑料含量最高的河流之一，科学家估计，每秒有94000个微塑料顺流而下。对此研究人员建议制定更严格的规章制度，文章还介绍了这些微塑料的类型等情况。可推知，文章可能选自报纸的“环境”版面。故选B。
12．A
13．D
14．A
15．D
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了人们为什么会喜欢说闲话的原因，说闲话的负面影响以及闲话对于监督一个群体的行为很重要。
12．
推理判断题。根据第三段中“Still, Lindsey and Tori aren't very different from most students here at Linton High School, including me. Many of our conversations are gossip. I have noticed three effects of gossip: it can hurt people, it can give gossipers a strange kind of satisfaction, and it can cause social pressures in a group.(不过，Lindsey和Tori和林顿高中的大多数学生，包括我，并没有太大的不同。我们的很多谈话都是闲话。我注意到闲话的三个影响：它会伤害别人，它会给说闲话者一种奇怪的满足感，它会在一个群体中造成社会压力)”可推知，作者使用对话的主要目的在于引出本文的话题“人们为什么喜欢说闲话”。故选A。
13．
推理判断题。根据第四段“An important negative effect of gossip is that it can hurt the person being talked about. Usually, gossip spreads information about a topic—breakups, trouble at home, even dropping out—that a person would rather keep secret. The more embarrassing or shameful the secret is, the juicier the gossip it makes. Probably the worst type of gossip is the absolute lie. People often think of gossipers as harmless, but cruel lies can cause pain.(闲话的一个重要负面影响是它会伤害被谈论的人。通常情况下，闲话会传播一些话题——分手、家里的麻烦，甚至是偶尔发生的事情——一个人宁愿保守秘密。秘密越令人尴尬或丢脸，闲话就越有价值。也许最糟糕的闲话是绝对的谎言。人们通常认为说闲话者无害，但残酷的谎言会造成痛苦)”可推知，闲话的一个重要的负面影响是它会带来不愉快的经历。故选D。
14．
细节理解题。根据第五段中“If we know that gossip can be harmful, then why do so many of us do it? That answer lies in another effect of gossip: the satisfaction it gives us.(既然我们都知道八卦是有害的，那为什么还有那么多人这么做呢？答案就在于闲话的另一种效果：它给我们带来的满足感)”可知，在作者看来，许多人喜欢闲话是因为它给他们一种快乐的感觉。故选A。
15．
细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“The next time you feel the urge to spread the latest news, think about why you want to gossip and what effects your “juicy story” might have.(下次你想要传播最新消息的时候，想想你为什么要说闲话，你的“有趣的故事”可能会有什么影响)”可知，作者在文章中给出的建议是：在你说闲话之前要三思。故选D。
16．E
17．C
18．F
19．A
20．G
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章表明：通过营养饮食可以在一定程度上治疗抑郁。文章详细介绍了“营养”和“抑郁”的关系。
16．前一句提到：科学家们正在致力于治疗抑郁症的一种方法：营养。下一句提到了印度精神病学杂志的报告。该空位于中间，选项中和前后句都有联系的只有E选项：在研究饮食和抑郁症之间的联系方面，印度也许是世界上领先的国家。故选E。
17．前一句提到：《印度精神病学杂志》报道，在抑郁症发生之前和期间，有这种情况的人将显示出一个“食欲减退......”后一句提到：许多抑郁症的病例，如果不是大多数的话，都会影响那些没有适当饮食的人。选项中只有C选项提到不当饮食：不吃饭本身就会造成抑郁情绪。
18．前一句提到：有20种不同的氨基酸。该空承接上文，应该提到和氨基酸有关的话题，故F选项切题：其中许多（氨基酸）是由人体制造的，但另外九种，即“必需的”氨基酸，必须在饮食中食用。
19．上文提到：人类大脑和神经系统都使用氨基酸作为一种物质，从一个脑细胞向另一个脑细胞或从一个神经细胞向另一个神经细胞发出信号，从而在细胞之间传递信息。最后的结果是什么？那么该句应该回答这个问题，提到最后的结果。故A选项正确：最终的效果是我们的思考方式。
20．上文提到：由于氨基酸构成了蛋白质，缺乏蛋白质的饮食会导致脑细胞间的交流减弱。这减少了思考过程中从一个脑细胞发送到另一个脑细胞的信号。G选项正确：这一过程可能导致信号扭曲，这不仅可能导致抑郁，而且，根据许多科学家的说法，攻击性。这就是为什么抑郁常常表现为愤怒或侵略。
21．A
22．C
23．D
24．B
25．A
26．D
27．C
28．A
29．B
30．C
31．D
32．A
33．B
34．D
35．C
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲了作者在每天下班之后都能碰到一个无家可归的中年男人，中年男人的乐观使作者非常感动，当作者得知自己被公司解雇时，沮丧的她得到了中年男人的鼓励，对生活有了另一层见解。
21．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每天晚上在我下班回家的路上，都会有一个无家可归的中年男子站在人行道旁。他总是面带微笑，有时几乎是在跳舞。A. happy开心的；B. shy害羞的；C. nervous紧张的；D. careful仔细的。根据空所在的句子和下文的as he looked to feel joyful可知，这个中年男人总是面带微笑，故选A。
22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：每天下班后，我都会记得把多余的零钱收起来放在一边。A. time时间；B. food食物；C. change零钱；D. water水。根据空后的If I saw him I’d give him the coins.可知，作者每天下班后，都会把多余的零钱（change）收起来放在一边，故选C。
23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：每当我看到他时，一种喜悦的感觉就会油然而生，因为他看上去很快乐。A. pity遗憾；B. pain痛苦；C. anger生气；D. joy快乐。根据空后的I saw him as he looked to feel joyful可知，作者一种喜悦（joy）的感觉就会油然而生，故选D。
24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的回答是一样的:“我很好。祝你有美好的一天。A. demand要求；B. answer回答；C. view观点；D. reason原因。根据前文的we would ask及空后面引号句子里的那句话，可知指这个中年人回答说（answer），故选B。
25．考查连词词义辨析。句意：我每次都知道他会怎么回答，但我还是会问。A. but但是；B. for因为；C. or或者；D. so所以。根据空所在的句子可知，空前后句表示转折关系，故选A。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：令我惊讶的是，我是多么幸运，即使在他无家可归的情况下，他还是那么快乐。A. satisfied使满意；B. frightened使惊吓；C. disappointed使失望；D. amazed使惊讶。根据even in his situation of being homeless, he was so cheerful可知，作者知道即使中年人无家可归的情况下他还是那么快乐之后，感觉到非常惊讶（amazed），故选D。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他提醒我，我是多么幸运，一个有四个孩子的单身母亲，有一份好工作可以养活他们。A. informed通知；B. advised建议；C. reminded提醒；D. warned警告。根据空所在的句子可知，这个中年男人的乐观提醒（remind）作者自己是很幸运的，故选C。
28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来有一天，我被叫到老板的办公室，他告诉我说，由于经济不景气，我被解雇了。A. fired解雇；B. examined检查；C. questioned提问；D. invited邀请。根据前文的the weak economy和下文的how am I going to ____9____ my family, and how am I going to pay rent?可知，作者被解雇（fired）了，故选A。
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我满脑子想的都是“我怎么养家糊口，我怎么付房租?”A. miss想念；B. support支持；C. trust相信；D. check检查。根据下文的how am I going to pay rent?可知，作者得知自己被解雇以后，心里想着怎样支撑（support）自己的家，故选B。
30．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我甚至像往常一样忘了给那个无家可归的人准备一些硬币。A. still仍然；B. once曾经；C. even甚至；D. always总是。根据空前的That day I was very sad and upset on my way home可知，被解雇了之后作者非常沮丧，这里的even是程度的加深，作者把平日经常做的事情都忘记了，故选C。
31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“好的，今天我给你一美元。”A. charge负责；B. find找到；C. show显示；D. give给与。根据空所在的句子和下文的what the man handed me was more than a dollar bill可知，作者看到了那个无家可归的中年男人，中年男人说：“今天我给（give）你一美元”，故选D。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我被深深地感动了，哭了起来。A. moved感动；B. hurt伤害；C. lost丢失；D. relaxed使兴奋。根据前文中年男人的举动来看，作者因为中年男人的举动非常感动，故选A。
33．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他给了我宝贵的一课。A. terrible糟糕的；B. valuable有价值的；C. hard困难的；D. strange奇怪的。根据空所在的句子和前文内容可知，中年男人的话语和举动给作者上了宝贵的（valuable）一课，故选B。
34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：无论物质上的东西从你身上夺走了什么，没有人能夺走你快乐的选择。A. cost花费；B. secret秘密；C. stress压力；D. choice选择。根据空所在的句子可知，没有人能夺走你快乐的选择（choice）。故选D。
35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：明天将是晴朗的一天，充满了希望。A. doubt疑惑；B. regret遗憾；C. hope希望；D. praise表扬。根据全文的主旨Tomorrow will be another day可知，此处作者想要表述的是明天又是新的一天，充满了希望（hope）。故选C。
36．begged
37．extremely
38．so
39．shouting
40．yourself
41．to stop
42．a
43．Later
44．thankful
45．on
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者九岁生日那天叔叔教他骑自行车的故事。
36．考查时态。句意：我央求叔叔教我骑自行车。讲述的是过去的事情，应该用一般过去时，故填begged。
37．考查副词。句意：在上自行车之前，我感到非常紧张，怕会掉下来伤到自己。修饰形容词nervous用副词，故填extremely。
38．考查连词。句意：在我骑车的时候，他在我旁边跑着，扶着车座，所以我就不会摔倒。此处表示结果，故填so。
39．考查非谓语动词。句意：然后，我听到叔叔大喊“你现在正自己骑呢！”hear sb doing表示“听见某人正在……”，故填shouting。
40．考查固定搭配。句意参考上题解析，by oneself表示“独自”，故填yourself。
41．考查不定式。句意：我可以刹车么？use …to do…表示“用……做……”，故填to stop。
42．考查冠词。句意：我减速，停了下来。stop作名词“停止”时是可数名词，此处用不定冠词表泛指，故填a。
43．考查副词。句意：那天晚些时候，学会了如何上自行车和下自行车，我觉得自己像在空中漫步。later是副词，表示“晚些时候、后来”，故填Later。
44．考查形容词。句意：我仍然感激叔叔在我九岁生日时教我骑自行车，作表语用形容词，故填thankful。
45．考查介词。句意参考上题解析，on one’s birthday表示“在某人生日那天”，故填on。
46．To whom it may concern,
I’m one of your customers. I ordered a set of Bookworm Series on your website two weeks ago, but I didn’t receive them until yesterday. And much to my disappointment, the books were so poorly packed up that the cover of one book was torn. To make matters worse, it is not a complete set, as I found one book missing.
I’m sorry to have received such poor service, and I believe I have every right to ask you to deal with this problem. I hope that you either return my money or deliver a new set of books to me. Besides, I’d like to be informed of the process of your dealing with my complaint.
Looking forward to your reply.
Li Hua
【详解】
本文是写一篇投诉信，内容是向网点客服投诉自己所购书籍包装破损、数量不足。在写此类信件的时候，除了要明确的表述自己的不满，更重要的是要让对方明白并尽快解决自己的问题。本文要点已经给出，成文时要注意以下几点：反映的问题的内容一定要明确而具体；实事求是地说明此问题给自己所带来的不便、比如时间或精神上的损失等等；同时明确提出解决或赔偿方案，注意所提出的要求要合理；在提出自己的希望，表示希望尽快解决自己的问题的同时，要礼貌的表示感谢。
【范文亮点】
And much to my disappointment, the books were so poorly packed up that the cover of one book was torn.“so…that”结构。
I believe I have every right to ask you to deal with this problem.宾语从句。
I hope that you either return my money or deliver a new set of books to me.宾语从句。
47．参考范文
The man thought about it for a moment，but then refused. He said he didn’t want to put us to any bother.My father explained that the rain would last long and our house was near the station.After my parents’strong persuasion，he finally agreed and thanked us all the time. They climbed into the car.They had no luggage，only the clothes they were wearing.Once they settled in，my father looked back over his shoulder handing them some tissues to wipe the rainwater from their faces.
When we got out of the car at our house，the three children ran through the front door happily. My mother noticed all their clothes were wet，so she found some of ours for them to change. Jill and I decided to share our New Year presents with the children. One of the girls chose Jill’s doll and immediately hugged it to her breast. When the rain stopped，my father drove them to the station. As they drove away, I watched out the window as long as I could, looking back at their happy faces. That was the day when Jill and I learned the joy of making others happy.
【分析】
本篇书面表达是读后续写。
【详解】
通过阅读所给文章可知，天下着雨，长途汽车因为新年而关闭了，门外站着一家人在等长途汽车，长途汽车要几小时才来，我们一家人本已经在去祖父母家参加家庭聚会的高速路上，但父亲想到这一家人还在那里等待，就掉头回去邀请他们到我们家避雨。……
续写部分分为两段，第一段开头是：这个人想了一会儿，然后拒绝了。……，所以接下应该写这个人拒绝的原因以及父亲再次真诚的邀请。第二段开头是：当我们在我们家下车时，三个孩子高兴地从前门跑了进来。……，所以接下来应该写我们与孩子在家里发生的事情，比如为孩子换上干净的衣服（因为外面一直下雨，孩子的衣服有可能淋湿了），再比如分享新年礼物等。雨停了，爸爸开车送他们去车站。当他们开车离开时，我久久地望着窗外，回望着他们幸福的脸。就是在那一天，吉尔和我学会了如何让别人快乐。
续写时要求短文的词数应为150左右，故应提前构思，详略得当，避免长篇大论。
【点睛】
本文描写详略得当，使用了较多的主从复合句。如：.My father explained that the rain would last long and our house was near the station.这句话运用了that引导的宾语从句；如：As they drove away, I watched out the window as long as I could, looking back at their happy faces.这个句子中有as引导的时间状语从句
广东省潮阳实验中学2021届高三上期期末英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、阅读理解
Summer
Author: Ali Smith
Price: ￡16. 99
Ali Smith’s Summer continues the interplay between the recent past and modern day society that marked out her works as insightful. The top of a hugely ambitious and fast paced literary project that aims to display the state of the nation with burning immediacy（直观性）, Summer is one of 2020’ s absolute must-reads.
Actress
Author: Anne Enright
Price: ￡16. 99
A beautifully realised novel of mother-daughter relationships and the dark side of fame and adulation（吹捧）, Actress skillfully unpacks the secrets and lies of a well known theatre performer and the effects of her bad fame on the child who admired her. With a sharp eye for female interaction and familial meaning, Actress finds the former Booker Prize-winner on excellent form.
Redhead by the Side of the Road
Author: Anne Tyler
Price: ￡ 14. 99
Redhead by the Side of the Road is both a deliciously perfect love story and a character study of a lovable eccentric（古怪的人）, stuck in his ways. Showing the emotional warmth that has made her both a critical darling and a beloved popular author, this is Anne Tyler at her winning best.
Grown Ups
Author: Marian Keyes
Price: ￡ 20. 00
There are few writers as capable of showing the frictions of family life with as much humour and accuracy as Marian Keyes and her latest sees her on flashing form. When one woman’s accident leads to an outpouring of long-contained complaints and secrets, it calls into question just how civilised and “ grown-up” any of us actually are.
1．What is special about Summer?
A．It is about the reflection of the country. B．It shows the bad side of the daily life.
C．It shows how a country grew stronger. D．It tells the fast pace of the present life.
2．What will you see in the book Actress?
A．The hard work of performance. B．The glory of the film star.
C．The bitter side of a mother. D．The growth of a rising star.
3．Which of the following shows the everyday life of a lovely couple?
A．Actress B．Summer C．Grown Ups D．Redhead by the Side of the Road
A one-armed 13-year-old basketball player in a video moves China. He is Zhang Jiacheng, from Guangdong Province. In the video, facing a taller, stronger, and older opponent (对手), he isn't afraid at all.
Attracted by his good skills in the video, many people even fail to know that Zhang Jiacheng has only one arm. Although the young boy lost one of his arms in an accident, he became crazy about playing basketball at 12. "Work hard or just give up," he always says. Thus, he spent all of his free time on it without considering his body condition.
People's attention has encouraged him to work harder towards his goal---to become a top basketball player. "I just keep practising every day to improve myself whether at home or in the playground," he says, "My biggest challenge is to control the ball much better." After only a year of hard practising, Zhang Jiacheng has improved his skills greatly. Through patience, confidence and determination, the young basketball player is getting closer to his life goal.
His effort and courage finally caught the attention of Yi Jianlian, a Chinese professional (职业的) basketball player, who shared the video on his own Weibo.
4．Why do people fail to know the boy has only one arm?
A．Because his good skills attract people.
B．Because his life goal encourages people.
C．Because he jumps to an amazing height.
D．Because he hides the other arm carefully.
5．What is the biggest challenge for the boy?
A．Controlling the ball better. B．Keeping his balance.
C．Making some more friends. D．Getting closer to his family.
6．What is the boy's goal according to the text?
A．To live a comfortable life. B．To become a top basketball player.
C．To set up a basketball team. D．To build a large gym for his school.
7．What will probably be talked about in the following paragraph?
A．Yi Jianlian's cute pets. B．Yi Jianlian's courage.
C．The video's influence. D．The video's quality.
The River Thames has some of the highest recorded levels of microplastics for any river in the world.
Scientists have estimated that 94,000 microplastics per second flow down the river in places. The quantity is larger than that measured in other European rivers, such as the Danube and Rhine. Tiny bits of plastic have been found inside the bodies of crabs living in the Thames.
Researchers at Royal Holloway, University of London, are calling for stricter regulations on the labelling and disposal of plastic products. They warn that careless disposal of plastic gloves and masks during the coronavirus pandemic might make the problem of plastic pollution worse.
“Taken together, these studies show how many different types of plastic, from microplastics in the water through to larger items of debris physically altering the foreshore, can potentially affect a wide range of organisms in the River Thames,” said Prof Dave Morritt from Royal Holloway, “The increased use of single- use plastic items, and the inappropriate disposal of such items, including masks and gloves, along with plastic- containing cleaning products, during the current COVID-19 pandemic, may well make this problem even worse.”
Many forms of microplastics were found in the Thames, including glitter, microbeads from cosmetics and plastic debris from larger items. Most of the microplastics came from the break-down of large plastics, with food packaging thought to be a significant source. “Flushable” wet wipes were found in high abundance on the shoreline forming “wet wipe reefs”.
Study researcher, Katherine McCoy, said, “Our study shows that stricter regulations are needed for the labelling and disposal of these products. There is great range to further research the impacts of microplastics and indeed microfibres on Thames organisms.”
8．What did the researchers mainly suggest?
A．Stricter regulations should be made.
B．People shouldn't eat crabs for a while.
C．People should cut the use of plastic gloves
D．Plastic masks shouldn't be thrown away carelessly.
9．Where did most microplastics found in the River Thames come from?
A．Wet wipes. B．Food packaging.
C．Cleaning products. D．Single-use plastic masks.
10．What is the best title for the text?
A．Wildlife Being Threatened by Microplastics.
B．Forms of Microplastics Found in the Thames.
C．River Thames Severely Polluted with Plastic.
D．Inappropriate Disposal of Single-use Plastics.
11．In which section of a newspaper may this text appear?
A．Science. B．Environment. C．Health. D．Education.
”Did you hear what happened to Adam last Friday?” Lindsey whispers to Tori.
With her eyes shining, Tori brags, “You bet I did. Sean told me two days ago.”
Who are Lindsey and Tori talking about? It just happens to be yours truly, Adam Freedman. I can tell you that what they are saying is (a) not nice and (b) not even true. Still, Lindsey and Tori aren’t very different from most students here at Linton High School, including me. Many of our conversations are gossip. I have noticed three effects of gossip: it can hurt people, it can give gossipers a strange kind of satisfaction, and it can cause social pressures in a group.
An important negative effect of gossip is that it can hurt the person being talked about. Usually, gossip spreads information about a topic — breakups, trouble at home, even dropping out — that a person would rather keep secret. The more embarrassing or shameful the secret is, the juicier the gossip it makes. Probably the worst type of gossip is the absolute lie. People often think of gossipers as harmless, but cruel lies can cause pain.
If we know that gossip can be harmful, then why do so many of us do it? The answer lies in another effect of gossip: the satisfaction it gives us. Sharing the latest rumor can make a person feel important because he or she knows something that others don’t. Similarly, hearing the latest rumor can make a person feel like part of the “in group.” In other words, gossip is satisfying because it gives people a sense of belonging or even superiority(优越感).
Gossip also can have a third effect: it strengthens unwritten, unspoken rules about how people should act. Professor David Wilson explains that gossip is important in policing behaviors in a group. Translated into high school terms, this means that if everybody you hang around with is laughing at what John wore or what Jane said, then you can bet that wearing or saying something similar will get you the same kind of negative attention. The do’s and don’ts conveyed through gossip will never show up in any student handbook.
The effects of gossip vary depending on the situation. The next time you feel the urge to spread the latest news, think about why you want to gossip and what effects your “juicy story” might have.
12．The author uses a conversation at the beginning of the passage to ________.
A．introduce a topic B．present an argument
C．describe the characters D．clarify his writing purpose
13．An important negative effect of gossip is that it ________.
A．breaks up relationships B．embarrasses the listener
C．spreads information around D．causes unpleasant experiences
14．In the author’s opinion, many people like to gossip because it ________.
A．gives them a feeling of pleasure B．helps them to make more friends
C．makes them better at telling stories D．enables them to meet important people
15．What advice does the author give in the passage?
A．Never become a gossiper. B．Stay away from gossipers.
C．Don’t let gossip turn into lies. D．Think twice before you gossip.
二、七选五
A Diet Without Enough Protein Can Cause Depression
Depression is a condition so common, the World Health Organization (WHO) calls it “a leading cause of disability.”
Difficulty in falling asleep, loss of appetite, and loss of ability to concentrate are just a few of the other effects of depression. WHO estimates that worldwide, at any one time, 350 million people suffer from the condition. While life events such as the loss of a spouse or a job may create a happening of depression, many cases come from within and are not caused by a life event.
Now scientists are working on a new aspect of cure: nutrition. 16． The Indian Journal of Psychiartry reports that both before and during a happening of depression, those with the condition will show a “poor appetite…” 17． Many cases of depression, if not most cases, affect those who don’t eat properly.
So what does protein have to do with all this? It all comes down to amino acids (氨基酸). Proteins are made up of amino acids, chemicals known as the “building blocks of life.” There are 20 different amino acids. 18．
Both the human brain and nervous system use amino acids as a substance that creates a signal from one brain cell to another or one nerve cell to another, thus relaying information between the cells. What the final result then? 19．
Since amino acids make up protein, a diet which lacks in protein will cause weaker communication between the brain cells. This lessens the signal being sent from one brain cell to the next during a thought. 20． This is why depression can often express itself as anger or aggression.
A.The ultimate effect is how we think.
B.Don't ruin your appetite by eating between meals.
C.Skipping meals itself can create a depressed mood.
D.A new research suggests that nutrition can lessen some of the risks of depression.
E.India is perhaps the world’s leader in researching the connection between diet and depression.
F.Many of them are made by the human body, but nine others, the “essential” amino acids, must be eaten in one’s diet.
G.The process can lead to twisted signals, which can not only lead to depression, but also, according to many scientists, aggression.
三、完形填空
Tomorrow will be another day
On my way home from work every evening, there would be a homeless middle-aged man standing by the walkway. He was always 21 smiling, and sometimes almost dancing.
Every day after work I would remember to gather any spare 22 , and put it aside. If l saw him I’d give him the coins. A feeling of 23 would come over me every time I saw him as he looked to feel joyful. Sometimes we would ask each other about our day. His 24 would be the same, “I’m fine. Have a bright day.”
I knew what his reply was going to be every time, 25 I would still ask. It 26 me of how lucky me that even in his situation of being homeless, he was so cheerful. He 27 me how lucky I was, a single mother of four kids, with a good job to provide for them.
Then one day I was called into my boss’s office and was told that I was 28 due to the weak economy (经济). A feeling of worry filled my mind immediately, and for the rest of that day all I could think about was “how am I going to 29 my family, and how am I going to pay rent?”
That day I was very sad and upset on my way home. I 30 forgot to prepare some coins for the homeless man as usual. As I waited for the red light to turn, he walked over with a big smile and asked, “How is everything going?” I told him I lost my job and felt really bad. “OK, I will 31 you a dollar today. Tomorrow will be another day,” said the man.
I was deeply 32 and burst into tears. I wanted to hug him! That day what the man handed me was more than a dollar bill. He taught me a 33 lesson. Whatever material things are taken from you, no one can take away your 34 to be joyful. Tomorrow will be a bright day and full of 35 .
21．A．happy B．shy C．nervous D．careful
22．A．time B．food C．change D．water
23．A．pity B．pain C．anger D．joy
24．A．demand B．answer C．view D．reason
25．A．but B．for C．or D．so
26．A．satisfied B．frightened C．disappointed D．amazed
27．A．informed B．advised C．reminded D．warned
28．A．fired B．examined C．questioned D．invited
29．A．miss B．support C．trust D．check
30．A．still B．once C．even D．always
31．A．charge B．find C．show D．give
32．A．moved B．hurt C．lost D．relaxed
33．A．terrible B．valuable C．hard D．strange
34．A．cost B．secret C．stress D．choice
35．A．doubt B．regret C．hope D．praise
四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
I was nine years old when I leant to ride a bike. The bike was a birthday present from my uncle. You can imagine how excited I was when I saw the bike, and I 36． (beg) my uncle to teach me how to ride it right away. However, before I got on the bike, I felt 37． (extreme) nervous and I was afraid that I would fall off and hurt myself. My uncle held onto the seat and helped me to get on the bike. While I was riding, he was running along beside me, holding the seat 38． I would not fall over. I was so grateful to him for his help.
As I was practicing, I became more and more confident. Then, I heard my uncle 39． (shout), “You are riding it by 40． (you) now!” I was both excited and scared. I was really riding by myself, but what if I fell off? Could I use the brakes 41． (stop)? As I was wondering about this, my uncle ran after me and got hold of the bike. I slowed down and came to 42． stop. My heart was still beating fast when I got off the bike. 43． (late) that day, having learnt how to get on the bike and get off it, I felt like I was walking on air! I am still 44． (thank) to my uncle for teaching me to ride a bike 45． my ninth birthday.
五、感谢信/祝贺信
46．假设你是李华，两周前你从网上订购了一套英语书虫系列读物（Bookworm Series），昨天才收到货，且包装破损、数量不足。请就此向网点客服写邮件投诉。要点如下：
1．介绍购物情况；
2．反映存在问题；
3．提出解决方案。
注意：1．词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．开头语已为你写好，不计入总次数。
To whom it may concern,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Li Hua
六、读后续写
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
A light rain was falling as my sister Jill and I ran out of the shop, eager to get home and play with the presents that our parents had prepared for us and our baby sister, Sharon.Across the street from the shop was a gas station where the Greyhound bus stopped, which was closed for New Year, but I saw a family standing outside the locked door, gathering closely together under the narrow overhang in an attempt to keep dry.I wondered briefly why they were there but then forgot about them as I raced to keep up with Jill.
Once we got home, there was barely time to enjoy our presents.We had to go off to our grandparents’ house for our annual family dinner.As we drove down the highway through town, I noticed that the family was still there, standing outside the closed gas station.
My father was driving very slowly down the highway.The closer we got to the turnoff(岔道) for my grandparents’ house, the slower the car went.Suddenly, my father made a Uturn in the middle of the road and said that he couldn’t stand it.“What？” asked my mother.“It’s those people back there at the station, standing in the rain.They’ve got children.It’s New Year.I can’t stand it.”
When my father pulled into the service station, I saw that there were five of them: the parents and three children—two girls and a small boy, who were getting wet standing there. My father rolled down his window.“Happy New Year, ” he said.
“Thanks. You, too, ” the man replied. He was very tall and had to bend slightly to look into the car. Jill, Sharon, and I looked at the children, and they looked back at us.
“You waiting on the bus？” my father asked. The man said that they were. They were going to Birmingham, where he had a brother and chances of a job. Knowing the bus wouldn’t come along for several hours, my father invited them to our home to shelter from the rain.
Paragraph 1：
The man thought about it for a moment，but then refused.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph 2：
When we got out of the car at our house，the three children ran through the front door happily.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1．A
2．C
3．D
【分析】
这是一篇应用文。全文介绍了 2020 年畅销的四本书。
1．
细节理解题。根据文章Summer提及的内容“The top of a hugely ambitious and fast paced literary project that aims to display the state of the nation with burning immediacy（直观性）, Summer is one of 2020’ s absolute must-reads.”（《夏日》是一部雄心勃勃、节奏极快的文学作品的巅峰之作，其目的是用炽热的瞬间展现美国的现状，《夏日》是2020年的绝对必读读物之一。）可知， Summer是一本反映国家的书。故选A项。
2．
推理判断题。根据文章Actress提及的内容“A beautifully realized novel of mother-daughter relationships and the dark side of fame and adulation, Actress skillfully unpacks the secrets and lies of a well known theatre performer and the effects of her bad fame on the child who admired her.”（这是一部关于母女关系以及名声和奉承的阴暗面的小说，她巧妙地揭示了一位著名戏剧演员的秘密和谎言，以及她坏名声对崇拜她的孩子的影响。）可知，Actress这本书反应了作为一名母亲痛苦的一面。故选C项。
3．
推理判断题。根据文章Redhead by the Side of the Road提及的内容“Redhead by the Side of the Road is both a deliciously perfect love story and a character study of a lovable eccentric（古怪的人）, stuck in his ways.”（《路边的红头发》既是一部完美的爱情故事，也是对一个可爱的特立独行者的性格研究。）可知，Redhead by the Side of the Road是关于一部关于爱情的小说。体现了一对可爱夫妇的日常生活。选D项。
4．A
5．A
6．B
7．C
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了独臂篮球男孩张家城的故事。
4．
细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Attracted by his good skills in the video, many people even fail to know that Zhang Jiacheng has only one arm. (被他在视频中出色的技巧所吸引，很多人甚至不知道张家城只有一只胳膊)”可知，因为被张家城的出色的球技吸引，所以人们不知道他只有一只胳膊。故选A。
5．
细节理解题。根据第三段中“"I just keep practising every day to improve myself whether at home or in the playground," he says, "My biggest challenge is to control the ball much better."(“我只是每天坚持练习，提高自己，无论是在家里还是在操场上， ”他说，“我最大的挑战是更好地控制球”)”可知，张家城最大的挑战是如何更好地控制球。故选A。
6．
细节理解题。根据第三段中“People's attention has encouraged him to work harder towards his goal---to become a top basketball player. (人们的关注鼓励他朝着自己的目标努力——成为一名项尖的篮球运动员)”可知，张家城的目标是成为一名顶尖的篮球运动员。故选B。
7．
推理判断题。根据最后一段“His effort and courage finally caught the attention of Yi Jianlian, a Chinese professional (职业的) basketball player, who shared the video on his own Weibo. (他的努力和勇气终于引起了中国职业篮球运动员易建联的注意，他在自己的微博上分享了这段视频) ”可推知，视频被易建联分享后，会有更广泛的传播，会被更多的人看到，会产生更大的影响，所以接下来的段落可能将讲述这段视频的影响。故选C。
8．A
9．B
10．C
11．B
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了泰晤士河是世界上微塑料含量最高的河流之一，科学家估计，每秒有94000个微塑料顺流而下。对此研究人员建议制定更严格的规章制度，文章还介绍了这些微塑料的类型等情况。
8．
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Researchers at Royal Holloway, University of London, are calling for stricter regulations on the labelling and disposal of plastic products. (伦敦大学皇家霍洛威学院的研究人员呼吁对塑料产品的标签和处理采取更严格的规定)”可知，研究人员主要建议应该制定更严格的规章制度。故选A。
9．
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Most of the microplastics came from the break-down of large plastics, with food packaging thought to be a significant source. (大多数微塑料来自于大型塑料的分解，食品包装被认为是一个重要来源)”可知，泰晤士河中发现的大多数微塑料来自食品包装。故选B。
10．
主旨大意题。根据第一段“The River Thames has some of the highest recorded levels of microplastics for any river in the world. (泰晤士河是世界上微塑料含量最高的河流之一)”结合文章主要说明了泰晤士河是世界上微塑料含量最高的河流之一，科学家估计，每秒有94000个微塑料顺流而下。对此研究人员建议制定更严格的规章制度，文章还介绍了这些微塑料的类型等情况。可知，C选项“泰晤士河被塑料严重污染”最符合文章标题。故选C。
11．
推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要说明了泰晤士河是世界上微塑料含量最高的河流之一，科学家估计，每秒有94000个微塑料顺流而下。对此研究人员建议制定更严格的规章制度，文章还介绍了这些微塑料的类型等情况。可推知，文章可能选自报纸的“环境”版面。故选B。
12．A
13．D
14．A
15．D
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了人们为什么会喜欢说闲话的原因，说闲话的负面影响以及闲话对于监督一个群体的行为很重要。
12．
推理判断题。根据第三段中“Still, Lindsey and Tori aren't very different from most students here at Linton High School, including me. Many of our conversations are gossip. I have noticed three effects of gossip: it can hurt people, it can give gossipers a strange kind of satisfaction, and it can cause social pressures in a group.(不过，Lindsey和Tori和林顿高中的大多数学生，包括我，并没有太大的不同。我们的很多谈话都是闲话。我注意到闲话的三个影响：它会伤害别人，它会给说闲话者一种奇怪的满足感，它会在一个群体中造成社会压力)”可推知，作者使用对话的主要目的在于引出本文的话题“人们为什么喜欢说闲话”。故选A。
13．
推理判断题。根据第四段“An important negative effect of gossip is that it can hurt the person being talked about. Usually, gossip spreads information about a topic—breakups, trouble at home, even dropping out—that a person would rather keep secret. The more embarrassing or shameful the secret is, the juicier the gossip it makes. Probably the worst type of gossip is the absolute lie. People often think of gossipers as harmless, but cruel lies can cause pain.(闲话的一个重要负面影响是它会伤害被谈论的人。通常情况下，闲话会传播一些话题——分手、家里的麻烦，甚至是偶尔发生的事情——一个人宁愿保守秘密。秘密越令人尴尬或丢脸，闲话就越有价值。也许最糟糕的闲话是绝对的谎言。人们通常认为说闲话者无害，但残酷的谎言会造成痛苦)”可推知，闲话的一个重要的负面影响是它会带来不愉快的经历。故选D。
14．
细节理解题。根据第五段中“If we know that gossip can be harmful, then why do so many of us do it? That answer lies in another effect of gossip: the satisfaction it gives us.(既然我们都知道八卦是有害的，那为什么还有那么多人这么做呢？答案就在于闲话的另一种效果：它给我们带来的满足感)”可知，在作者看来，许多人喜欢闲话是因为它给他们一种快乐的感觉。故选A。
15．
细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“The next time you feel the urge to spread the latest news, think about why you want to gossip and what effects your “juicy story” might have.(下次你想要传播最新消息的时候，想想你为什么要说闲话，你的“有趣的故事”可能会有什么影响)”可知，作者在文章中给出的建议是：在你说闲话之前要三思。故选D。
16．E
17．C
18．F
19．A
20．G
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章表明：通过营养饮食可以在一定程度上治疗抑郁。文章详细介绍了“营养”和“抑郁”的关系。
16．前一句提到：科学家们正在致力于治疗抑郁症的一种方法：营养。下一句提到了印度精神病学杂志的报告。该空位于中间，选项中和前后句都有联系的只有E选项：在研究饮食和抑郁症之间的联系方面，印度也许是世界上领先的国家。故选E。
17．前一句提到：《印度精神病学杂志》报道，在抑郁症发生之前和期间，有这种情况的人将显示出一个“食欲减退......”后一句提到：许多抑郁症的病例，如果不是大多数的话，都会影响那些没有适当饮食的人。选项中只有C选项提到不当饮食：不吃饭本身就会造成抑郁情绪。
18．前一句提到：有20种不同的氨基酸。该空承接上文，应该提到和氨基酸有关的话题，故F选项切题：其中许多（氨基酸）是由人体制造的，但另外九种，即“必需的”氨基酸，必须在饮食中食用。
19．上文提到：人类大脑和神经系统都使用氨基酸作为一种物质，从一个脑细胞向另一个脑细胞或从一个神经细胞向另一个神经细胞发出信号，从而在细胞之间传递信息。最后的结果是什么？那么该句应该回答这个问题，提到最后的结果。故A选项正确：最终的效果是我们的思考方式。
20．上文提到：由于氨基酸构成了蛋白质，缺乏蛋白质的饮食会导致脑细胞间的交流减弱。这减少了思考过程中从一个脑细胞发送到另一个脑细胞的信号。G选项正确：这一过程可能导致信号扭曲，这不仅可能导致抑郁，而且，根据许多科学家的说法，攻击性。这就是为什么抑郁常常表现为愤怒或侵略。
21．A
22．C
23．D
24．B
25．A
26．D
27．C
28．A
29．B
30．C
31．D
32．A
33．B
34．D
35．C
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲了作者在每天下班之后都能碰到一个无家可归的中年男人，中年男人的乐观使作者非常感动，当作者得知自己被公司解雇时，沮丧的她得到了中年男人的鼓励，对生活有了另一层见解。
21．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每天晚上在我下班回家的路上，都会有一个无家可归的中年男子站在人行道旁。他总是面带微笑，有时几乎是在跳舞。A. happy开心的；B. shy害羞的；C. nervous紧张的；D. careful仔细的。根据空所在的句子和下文的as he looked to feel joyful可知，这个中年男人总是面带微笑，故选A。
22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：每天下班后，我都会记得把多余的零钱收起来放在一边。A. time时间；B. food食物；C. change零钱；D. water水。根据空后的If I saw him I’d give him the coins.可知，作者每天下班后，都会把多余的零钱（change）收起来放在一边，故选C。
23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：每当我看到他时，一种喜悦的感觉就会油然而生，因为他看上去很快乐。A. pity遗憾；B. pain痛苦；C. anger生气；D. joy快乐。根据空后的I saw him as he looked to feel joyful可知，作者一种喜悦（joy）的感觉就会油然而生，故选D。
24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的回答是一样的:“我很好。祝你有美好的一天。A. demand要求；B. answer回答；C. view观点；D. reason原因。根据前文的we would ask及空后面引号句子里的那句话，可知指这个中年人回答说（answer），故选B。
25．考查连词词义辨析。句意：我每次都知道他会怎么回答，但我还是会问。A. but但是；B. for因为；C. or或者；D. so所以。根据空所在的句子可知，空前后句表示转折关系，故选A。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：令我惊讶的是，我是多么幸运，即使在他无家可归的情况下，他还是那么快乐。A. satisfied使满意；B. frightened使惊吓；C. disappointed使失望；D. amazed使惊讶。根据even in his situation of being homeless, he was so cheerful可知，作者知道即使中年人无家可归的情况下他还是那么快乐之后，感觉到非常惊讶（amazed），故选D。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他提醒我，我是多么幸运，一个有四个孩子的单身母亲，有一份好工作可以养活他们。A. informed通知；B. advised建议；C. reminded提醒；D. warned警告。根据空所在的句子可知，这个中年男人的乐观提醒（remind）作者自己是很幸运的，故选C。
28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来有一天，我被叫到老板的办公室，他告诉我说，由于经济不景气，我被解雇了。A. fired解雇；B. examined检查；C. questioned提问；D. invited邀请。根据前文的the weak economy和下文的how am I going to ____9____ my family, and how am I going to pay rent?可知，作者被解雇（fired）了，故选A。
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我满脑子想的都是“我怎么养家糊口，我怎么付房租?”A. miss想念；B. support支持；C. trust相信；D. check检查。根据下文的how am I going to pay rent?可知，作者得知自己被解雇以后，心里想着怎样支撑（support）自己的家，故选B。
30．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我甚至像往常一样忘了给那个无家可归的人准备一些硬币。A. still仍然；B. once曾经；C. even甚至；D. always总是。根据空前的That day I was very sad and upset on my way home可知，被解雇了之后作者非常沮丧，这里的even是程度的加深，作者把平日经常做的事情都忘记了，故选C。
31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“好的，今天我给你一美元。”A. charge负责；B. find找到；C. show显示；D. give给与。根据空所在的句子和下文的what the man handed me was more than a dollar bill可知，作者看到了那个无家可归的中年男人，中年男人说：“今天我给（give）你一美元”，故选D。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我被深深地感动了，哭了起来。A. moved感动；B. hurt伤害；C. lost丢失；D. relaxed使兴奋。根据前文中年男人的举动来看，作者因为中年男人的举动非常感动，故选A。
33．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他给了我宝贵的一课。A. terrible糟糕的；B. valuable有价值的；C. hard困难的；D. strange奇怪的。根据空所在的句子和前文内容可知，中年男人的话语和举动给作者上了宝贵的（valuable）一课，故选B。
34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：无论物质上的东西从你身上夺走了什么，没有人能夺走你快乐的选择。A. cost花费；B. secret秘密；C. stress压力；D. choice选择。根据空所在的句子可知，没有人能夺走你快乐的选择（choice）。故选D。
35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：明天将是晴朗的一天，充满了希望。A. doubt疑惑；B. regret遗憾；C. hope希望；D. praise表扬。根据全文的主旨Tomorrow will be another day可知，此处作者想要表述的是明天又是新的一天，充满了希望（hope）。故选C。
36．begged
37．extremely
38．so
39．shouting
40．yourself
41．to stop
42．a
43．Later
44．thankful
45．on
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者九岁生日那天叔叔教他骑自行车的故事。
36．考查时态。句意：我央求叔叔教我骑自行车。讲述的是过去的事情，应该用一般过去时，故填begged。
37．考查副词。句意：在上自行车之前，我感到非常紧张，怕会掉下来伤到自己。修饰形容词nervous用副词，故填extremely。
38．考查连词。句意：在我骑车的时候，他在我旁边跑着，扶着车座，所以我就不会摔倒。此处表示结果，故填so。
39．考查非谓语动词。句意：然后，我听到叔叔大喊“你现在正自己骑呢！”hear sb doing表示“听见某人正在……”，故填shouting。
40．考查固定搭配。句意参考上题解析，by oneself表示“独自”，故填yourself。
41．考查不定式。句意：我可以刹车么？use …to do…表示“用……做……”，故填to stop。
42．考查冠词。句意：我减速，停了下来。stop作名词“停止”时是可数名词，此处用不定冠词表泛指，故填a。
43．考查副词。句意：那天晚些时候，学会了如何上自行车和下自行车，我觉得自己像在空中漫步。later是副词，表示“晚些时候、后来”，故填Later。
44．考查形容词。句意：我仍然感激叔叔在我九岁生日时教我骑自行车，作表语用形容词，故填thankful。
45．考查介词。句意参考上题解析，on one’s birthday表示“在某人生日那天”，故填on。
46．To whom it may concern,
I’m one of your customers. I ordered a set of Bookworm Series on your website two weeks ago, but I didn’t receive them until yesterday. And much to my disappointment, the books were so poorly packed up that the cover of one book was torn. To make matters worse, it is not a complete set, as I found one book missing.
I’m sorry to have received such poor service, and I believe I have every right to ask you to deal with this problem. I hope that you either return my money or deliver a new set of books to me. Besides, I’d like to be informed of the process of your dealing with my complaint.
Looking forward to your reply.
Li Hua
【详解】
本文是写一篇投诉信，内容是向网点客服投诉自己所购书籍包装破损、数量不足。在写此类信件的时候，除了要明确的表述自己的不满，更重要的是要让对方明白并尽快解决自己的问题。本文要点已经给出，成文时要注意以下几点：反映的问题的内容一定要明确而具体；实事求是地说明此问题给自己所带来的不便、比如时间或精神上的损失等等；同时明确提出解决或赔偿方案，注意所提出的要求要合理；在提出自己的希望，表示希望尽快解决自己的问题的同时，要礼貌的表示感谢。
【范文亮点】
And much to my disappointment, the books were so poorly packed up that the cover of one book was torn.“so…that”结构。
I believe I have every right to ask you to deal with this problem.宾语从句。
I hope that you either return my money or deliver a new set of books to me.宾语从句。
47．参考范文
The man thought about it for a moment，but then refused. He said he didn’t want to put us to any bother.My father explained that the rain would last long and our house was near the station.After my parents’strong persuasion，he finally agreed and thanked us all the time. They climbed into the car.They had no luggage，only the clothes they were wearing.Once they settled in，my father looked back over his shoulder handing them some tissues to wipe the rainwater from their faces.
When we got out of the car at our house，the three children ran through the front door happily. My mother noticed all their clothes were wet，so she found some of ours for them to change. Jill and I decided to share our New Year presents with the children. One of the girls chose Jill’s doll and immediately hugged it to her breast. When the rain stopped，my father drove them to the station. As they drove away, I watched out the window as long as I could, looking back at their happy faces. That was the day when Jill and I learned the joy of making others happy.
【分析】
本篇书面表达是读后续写。
【详解】
通过阅读所给文章可知，天下着雨，长途汽车因为新年而关闭了，门外站着一家人在等长途汽车，长途汽车要几小时才来，我们一家人本已经在去祖父母家参加家庭聚会的高速路上，但父亲想到这一家人还在那里等待，就掉头回去邀请他们到我们家避雨。……
续写部分分为两段，第一段开头是：这个人想了一会儿，然后拒绝了。……，所以接下应该写这个人拒绝的原因以及父亲再次真诚的邀请。第二段开头是：当我们在我们家下车时，三个孩子高兴地从前门跑了进来。……，所以接下来应该写我们与孩子在家里发生的事情，比如为孩子换上干净的衣服（因为外面一直下雨，孩子的衣服有可能淋湿了），再比如分享新年礼物等。雨停了，爸爸开车送他们去车站。当他们开车离开时，我久久地望着窗外，回望着他们幸福的脸。就是在那一天，吉尔和我学会了如何让别人快乐。
续写时要求短文的词数应为150左右，故应提前构思，详略得当，避免长篇大论。
【点睛】
本文描写详略得当，使用了较多的主从复合句。如：.My father explained that the rain would last long and our house was near the station.这句话运用了that引导的宾语从句；如：As they drove away, I watched out the window as long as I could, looking back at their happy faces.这个句子中有as引导的时间状语从句
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