还剩24页未读，
继续阅读
上海市虹口区2021-2022学年高三上学期期终学生能力诊断测试（一模）英语试题
展开
这是一份上海市虹口区2021-2022学年高三上学期期终学生能力诊断测试（一模）英语试题，共27页。试卷主要包含了用单词的适当形式完成短文，选用适当的单词或短语补全短文，完形填空，阅读理解，六选四，概要写作，汉译英，推荐信等内容，欢迎下载使用。
上海市虹口区2021-2022学年高三上学期期终学生能力诊断测试
（一模）英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、用单词的适当形式完成短文
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Something to Boast about
Are your information data safe and reliable?
In an ideal world such data, however informative and exploratory they are, 1．a scientific study is based on should be, if not publicly available, then at least available to other researchers. Sadly, this is not always the case.
Many scientists are still quite unwilling to have their data revealed though attitudes are changing. This attitude, 2．selfish, is understandable.
But sometimes it can cover a darker secret. The statistics presented in a paper may have been controlled to achieve a desired result. The author may, in other words, have cheated. If he releases the data, that cheating will be obvious.
Now Sean Wilner and his colleagues 3．(come) up with a way of reconstructing all the possible data sets that could have given rise to that result, which includes 4． (release) the data. And they call the way CORVIDS (Complete Recovery of Values in Diophantine Systems).
5． (simplify) the task of spotting abnormal data, CORVIDS turns the possible data sets into a three-dimensional (三维的) chart. This makes any unusual patterns apparent. For example, every 6．(reconstruct) data set may be missing values at one end of the scale. That might make sense occasionally. Generally, though, such a gap would be a red flag. It would suggest either that the statistics were reported incorrectly or 7．there were problems with the fundamental data.
CORVIDS is likely to be 8．immediate value to editors and reviewers at academic journals, who will be able to spot problems with papers early, and so discuss them with the authors. If an unresolvable problem 9．show up, then the technique can be applied to previous work by the author in question, to see if anything systematic is going on.
But its speed makes it a useful first step. If the data sets 10．finds do not show any strange patterns, CORVIDS is unlikely to show oddness, either.
Anyway, the trustworthiness of scientific papers will take a step up with CORVIDS.
二、选用适当的单词或短语补全短文
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A．genuinely B．pocket C．mass-produced D．seemingly E. inspiration
F. familiarize G. group H. encounter I. customary J. symbolic K. motivation
A Deeper Meaning behind Souvenirs
“Nobody sits us down and tells us to collect objects when we’re young,” writes Rolf Potts, “it’s just something we do, as a way to11．ourselves with the world, its possibilities, and our place in it.”
Few of us would call ourselves collectors, but most travelers 12．a seashell from a vacation, or bring a keychain. As Mr. Potts notes in a book called “Souvenir,” there is more to this 13．simple practice than meets the eye. For one thing, it can date back to the oldest described journeys, so it’s a14．practice that goes back thousands of years. And academic researchers have classified souvenirs -- even15．items like “I Love New York” T-shirts and plastic miniatures of Michelangelo’s David -- into various categories, likely unknown to many travelers.
Which categories do the things we’ve bought or found in our travels fall into? Further, what’s 16．behind our need to bring home souvenirs?
Over time, intellectual curiosity became the driving17．for personal travel. Yet even as travelers began collecting historical and scientific souvenirs, not just religious items, the things they brought home stood for feelings for holy objects.
Scholars18．these souvenirs into different buckets, including “markers” (location branded items like T-shirts and teacups), “pictorial images” (postcards and posters), and “19．landmarks” (for example, Statue of Liberty key chains), with the latter two categories symbolizing, though not exclusive to, mass tourism.
In the end, “Souvenir” suggests that its meaning is not fixed because its importance to the owner can change over time and that its significance is closely related to the traveler’s identity. Mr. Potts himself has had plenty of souvenirs, things that remind him not merely of the places he’s been and the extraordinary 20．between him and local people, but of former life phases. “When we collect souvenirs,” he writes, “we do so not to evaluate the world, but to tell the self.”
三、完形填空
Researchers have found that urban heat island effect made worse by sunbaked roads can be relieved by a simple measure: Paint the streets gray.
A study by Arizona State University found that 21 a reflective, gray-colored material to black asphalt（柏油）resulted in a 10.5-to-12-degree Fahrenheit drop in average road surface temperatures. Meanwhile, sunrise temperatures 22 an average 2.4-degree drop.
“This is exactly what we were hoping for,” Phoenix Mayor Kate Gallego said. “It’s exciting to see a technology that has the potential to meet the demands of a growing desert city in a world where temperatures are 23 rising.”
Experts say road temperatures in the Phoenix area can rise to 180 degrees on a hot day. That 24 energy remains in paved surfaces for hours, radiating heat back into nighttime air. Higher overnight temperatures result in warmer mornings, creating a 25 of urban heat island effect.
Researchers found as well that the greatest temperature 26 was near the road surface, with less dramatic results 6 feet above the ground. Even so, the neighborhoods with streets reflecting light experienced air temperatures 0.3-to-0.5 degree cooler compared with neighborhoods with 27 roads.
But reflective pavements don’t affect all surfaces the same way. Researchers said that “the most meaningful measurement” was of radiant temperatures, a measure of how the body 28 heat. Those measurements showed that the “human experience of heat 29 at noon and the afternoon hours was higher due to surface reflectivity.” It’s been noted that the increase in 30 temperatures “may be a necessary trade-off（妥协）to reduce surface temperatures using a reflective surface.”
Heather Murphy, a spokesperson for the Transportation Department, said the response has been 31 from drivers and residents in neighborhoods where the material is applied. “We have had some people who don’t like the look of it, but generally the response has been very 32 ”.
Still, officials cautioned that reflective pavement is not a remedy for the urban heat island effect.
“If you’re standing over these surfaces on a hot day, 33 , you’re still going to be hot if you’re not in the shade,” said Jennifer Vanos, an assistant professor at Arizona State University. “So if we really want to 34 true solutions, it’s not going to be just painting all the streets gray.”
A second phase of the study will examine questions about how the material performs under different 35 , including changes in reflectivity, degradation and subsurface temperature over longer periods.
21．A．applying B．sticking C．approaching D．contributing
22．A．occurred B．proved C．turned D．saw
23．A．efficiently B．constantly C．technically D．specifically
24．A．generated B．heated C．absorbed D．calculated
25．A．cycle B．decline C．sample D．variety
26．A．balance B．control C．difference D．equality
27．A．gray-painted B．light-colored C．black-topped D．dry-surfaced
28．A．reflects B．transmits C．resists D．experiences
29．A．extent B．exposure C．absorption D．endurance
30．A．felt B．heated C．stored D．needed
31．A．instant B．all-sided C．objective D．mixed
32．A．optimistic B．positive C．pessimistic D．obvious
33．A．in fact B．as a result C．on the other hand D．for one thing
34．A．put down B．hold up C．push toward D．take back
35．A．variations B．conditions C．circulations D．investigations
四、阅读理解
All Miss Price had been told about the new boy was that he’d spent most of his life in some kind of orphanage, and that the gray-haired “aunt and uncle” with whom he now lived were really foster parents (养父母), paid by the Welfare Department of the City of New York. A less devoted teacher might have pressed for more details, but Miss Price was content with the rough outline. It was enough to fill her with a sense of mission that shone from her eyes, from the first morning he joined the fourth grade.
He arrived early and sat in the back row, his backbone very straight, his ankles crossed precisely under the desk and his hands folded on the center of its top, and while the other children were filling in, he received a long, expressionless stare from each of them.
“We have a new classmate this morning,” Miss Price said, “His name is Vincent Sabella, and he comes from New York City. I know we’ll all do our best to make him feel at home.”
This time they all swung around to stare at once, which caused him to duck his head slightly and shift his weight from one side to the other. Ordinarily, the fact of someone’s coming from New York might have held a certain status, for to most of the children the city was a frightening, adult place that swallowed up their fathers every day. But anyone could see at a glance that Vincent Sabella had nothing to do with it. Even if you could ignore his twisted black hair and gray skin, his clothes would have given him away: ridiculously new pants, ridiculously old sports shoes and a yellow sweatshirt, much too small, with the faded remains of a Mickey Mouse design stamped on its chest.
The girls decided that he wasn’t very nice and turned away, but the boys remained in their inspection, looking him up and down with faint smiles. This was the kind of kid they were accustomed to thinking of as “tough,” the kind whose stare has made all of them uncomfortable at one time or another in unfamiliar neighborhoods; here was a unique chance for revenge.
36．What can you learn about Miss Price and Vincent from the first two paragraphs?
A．Since nobody had ever seen Vincent’s parents, he now lived all by himself.
B．Miss Price knew Vincent so well that she’d like to focus every bit of attention on him.
C．Miss Price didn’t know much about Vincent, but that didn’t stop her wanting to care about him.
D．Vincent sat in the back row so as not to arouse any unnecessary attention caused by his late arrival.
37．Why does the author mention “New York” in the third and the fourth paragraphs?
A．To illustrate Vincent’s distant origin.
B．To demonstrate children’s desire to go to see their fathers.
C．To emphasize Vincent’s low social status from his shabby clothes.
D．To state a certain distinction between Vincent and people’s imagination.
38．Which of the following words can best describe Vincent?
A．Devoted but shy. B．Nervous and uneasy.
C．Untalkative and tough. D．Sensitive but unfortunate.
39．What can you infer from the text about Vincent’s new classmates?
A．They were either unconcerned or unfriendly toward him.
B．They used to consider people like Vincent to be very tough.
C．They barely noticed the new boy sitting in the back of the classroom.
D．They were very curious about the newcomer in a kind and considerate manner.
HARRY POTTER AND THE FORBIDDEN JOURNEY
Universal Studio Resort
Make your way through the classrooms and corridors of Hogwarts. Then rocket above the castle grounds on a groundbreaking new ride that lets you join Harry Potter and his friends on an unforgettably thrilling adventure.
Our goal is to ensure that everyone is able to make well informed decisions about their ability to safely, comfortably, and conveniently experience each of our attractions.
1. CAUTION:
This ride imitates dramatic aerobatics and includes sudden acceleration, stopping, turning, climbing, and dropping.
Failure to follow posted guidelines may result in serious injury or expulsion (驱逐) from the park.
● Attraction is not allowed for Guests with a history of heart conditions or abnormal blood pressure.
● Attraction is not allowed for Guests with back, neck, or similar physical conditions.
● Expectant mothers are not allowed on this attraction.
● Attraction is not recommended for Guests easily influenced to motion sickness or dizziness.
● Attraction is not recommended for Guests who have fear of enclosed spaces.
● Attraction is not allowed for Guests with recent surgery or other conditions that may be worsened by this ride.
● Prosthetic limbs (义肢) must be secured to prevent hazards or loss due to ride forces. Please see an attendant for assistance.
● Guests under 122cm may not ride.
● Weight not to exceed 136 kg.
● This attraction cannot accommodate guide dogs. A portable pet cage is available upon request.
2. TO AVOID SERIOUS INJURY:
● Remain seated with your head firmly against the headrest.
● Keep hands and feet inside the vehicle.
● Hold onto shoulder restraints at all times.
● No Photography or Video Recording.
● Maximum capacity 4 persons.
● Keep safely all loose articles (phones, hats, glasses, video-recording equipment, cameras, wallets, keys, etc.) in the lockers provided or leave with a non-rider.
● No eating, drinking, or smoking.
40．In the passage, the underlined word aerobatics is closest in meaning to “________”.
A．violent movements B．plunging activities
C．increasing rides D．rapid actions
41．What is a proper behavior during rides according to the given information?
A．Guests must keep cameras inside their pockets or bags.
B．Children who are under a certain age are not allowed on this ride.
C．People with prosthetic limbs should remove them before the ride so as not to lose them.
D．People with visual sickness need to keep their guide dogs with them all the way through the ride.
42．Where would this page most probably be found on the Universal Studio homepage?
A．Guest Services B．About Us C．Things to Do D．Plan Your Visit
Fewer than 400 North Atlantic right whales remain in the wild, and not even 100 of them are breeding females. Their biggest survival threats are boat strikes and getting caught in fishing gear. Protecting these whales, such as by turning boats from dangerous encounters, requires positioning them more reliably -- and new technology, described in the Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, could help make that possible.
To listen for marine life, researchers often install underwater microphones called hydrophones on buoys (浮标) and robotic gliders (滑翔机). The recorded audio is changed into spectrograms -- visual representations of sound used to precisely recognize, for instance, specific whale species’ calls. But those distinctive sounds are often drowned out by other noise. In recent years researchers have used a machine-learning technique called deep learning to automate this analysis, but background sounds still block reliability.
Now researchers have trained two deep-learning models specifically to cut through the noise. They started by giving the models thousands of “clean” spectrograms with only North Atlantic right whale calls. Then they slowly added in thousands of spectrograms mixed with typical background sounds, such as tanker engines. The program can successfully turn noisy spectrograms into clean ones, reducing false alarms and helping spot whales before they reach dangerous areas, the scientists say.
Shyam Madhusudhana, a Cornell University data engineer, who was not involved in the study, says he would want to see if such models could be used to locate other marine mammals (哺乳动物), too. “Humpback whales and dolphins have much more complex speech pathways than the right whale,” he notes. And University of East Anglia machine-learning researcher Ben Milner, one of the study’s authors, wants to take this technology above water as well -- to Ukrainian forests, where he hopes to identify animals near the site of the 1986 Chernobyl disaster.
University of St. Andrews behavioral ecologist Peter Tyack, who was not involved in the study, says this new system should be used to figure out where whales are throughout the year, so that these areas can be protected. “In terms of estimating the density and the number of these whales in places where it’s hard to see them,” Peter says, “this technology could be fantastic.”
But he warns that it should not be the only approach to preventing ship strikes. In his work, Tyack has found that North Atlantic right whales can be silent for hours at a time -- so passive sound monitoring could easily miss one. And killing just a few, he adds, “could lead to extinction of the population.”
43．What does the new technology do to help protect the North Atlantic right whales?
A．Locating the right whales precisely.
B．Turning boats to encounter the right whales.
C．Guiding the right whales away from fishing boats.
D．Positioning fishing boats reliably and thus deadly strikes.
44．What is a major contribution of deep-learning models to reducing background noises?
A．They turn off the nearby alarms that may create background noises.
B．They can eliminate disturbances shown on a spectrogram sheet.
C．They add thousands of mixed sounds such as vehicle engines.
D．They can prevent whales from reaching dangerous areas.
45．It can be learned from the passage that________.
A．Shyam and Ben are both scientists at different universities who know each other well
B．all of the three scientists consider the extended use of the technology could face challenges
C．Shyam and Ben both hope that the deep learning model can go beyond its current application
D．Peter thinks the technology should have been used to figure out where it’s hard to see the whales
46．Which one of the following might be the best title of the passage?
A．Latest Techs on Marine Lifesaving
B．Save the Right Whale by Noise-cutting
C．See Whales’ Noise through Human’s Eyes
D．Non-professional Scientists’ Role in Saving Whales
五、六选四
As China Puts on Weight, Type-2 Diabetes (糖尿病) Is Rapidly Rising
More than 30 years ago, doctors in the northern city of Daqing began a pioneering long-term study into the prevention of type-2 diabetes, a disease which was then thought to affect about 1% of Chinese. When doctors, academics and officials gathered there this autumn to discuss the conclusions and promote prevention work, they faced a very different reality.47．Type-2 diabetes is becoming more common globally, but in recent years the rate of the disease has been growing fastest in China.
Diabetes is a disfunction in the body’s regulation of blood-sugar levels. Type 1 is rare and usually shows up early in life, caused by factors that are not yet well understood. It can kill swiftly unless managed with daily injections of insulin (胰岛素).
48．It tends to develop in adults, especially if they are overweight or do not exercise much. It can usually be controlled with pills and lifestyle changes, and can sometimes be reversed. Both types, if not well-treated, can cause complications such as organ damage, blindness, strokes and heart attacks.
49．Twenty years ago, it had fewer than 25 million. The dramatic increase, almost entirely involving type 2s, worries the government. The study in Daqing showed how lifestyle changes can prevent type 2 among people with damaged glucose tolerance (糖耐量), which is sometimes a start of the condition. The country’s health-care system is trying to ensure symptoms are detected, and help people with them.
A big reason for the increase is that as people get richer, they often consume more processed foods and sugary drinks. One in seven Chinese adults is overfat, including a quarter of adults in Beijing, China’s fattest city. The urban proportion of the population has grown from less than 20% to about 60% since 1980.50．
There may be a genetic link, too. Research finds that ethnic-Han Chinese are acquiring type 2 diabetes while younger and thinner than Caucasians. Smoking is another factor. China has one-fifth of the world’s population but consumes one-third of its cigarettes, and most of the daily smokers are men.
A.Type 2 is far more common, accounting for more than 90% of cases worldwide.
B.However, urban residents are becoming more willing to exercise, with gyms and yoga classes on the rise.
C.China has an estimated 116 million diabetics, by far the highest number of any country.
D.About 11% of Chinese adults now have the condition, nearly the proportion in America and twice the level in Britain.
E.The other type, though more commonly diagnosed, is not relatively dangerous.
F.City inhabitants tend to be less physically active than people in rural areas.
六、概要写作
51．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Is Student-loan Forgiveness Unforgivable?
Roughly 45 million Americans currently hold $1.6 trillion in student debt, with the average student-loan receiver owing between $20,000 and $25,000, according to the Federal Reserve. Among those actively making payments on their debt, the average monthly installment is between $200 and $300. And with 5.3 million more people unemployed than in February, right before the U.S. fell into the economic depression caused by pandemic (流行病), some people say that student-debt forgiveness could be beneficial to the economy.
“Student-debt cancellation feels like one of the most accessible executive actions to stimulate the economy at the moment,” says Suzanne Kahn, director of the Education. Kahn says the move would also help close the wealth gap between white Americans and people of color. Some 90% of Black students and 72% of Latino students take out loans for college versus just 66% of white students, according to an analysis from the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau.
But others argue that sweeping student-loan forgiveness doesn’t help the people who need aid most. Americans with college degrees, as a whole, have been less influenced by the economic effects of COVID-19 than their non-college-educated counterparts. Besides, they raise concerns that if the government wipes out current student loans, future college students may have a motivator to take on debts, hoping they will also be forgiven. Colleges may in turn tend to raise their prices further.
What’s clear, according to the both sides of the aisle (过道), is that economic crises worsen the problem of student debt. The last time the U.S. dipped into a recession, state governments cut their investments in colleges and universities—which, in turn, raised their tuition prices and forced students to take on ever larger loans.
In recent weeks, the government has walked a fine line on the issue, offering support for a bill calling for $10,000 worth of student-loan forgiveness but turning down anything close to a plan to issue $50,000 per borrower through executive action.
That’s not sustainable in the long run. It remains to be seen if the government can arrive at a political solution that is.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
七、汉译英（整句）
52．秋高气爽，到郊野公园去远足是多么令人心驰神往啊！(it) (汉译英）
53．做任何事情只要我们坚持不懈，最终定然会收获满满。(persevere) (汉译英）
54．原生态的田园乡村正越来越成为在大城市打拼前程的年轻人抚慰焦虑和紧张的“诗和远方”。(strive) (汉译英）
55．尽管疑点重重，但他缜密分析，不放过任何蛛丝马迹，终于令这起社会广泛关注的盗窃案的真相大白于天下。(which) (汉译英）
八、推荐信
56．Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
假定你是明启中学的学生李华，你校交换生 Allen 打算在圣诞节为他的父母各送一件具有典型中国文化特色的礼物。他初步选出了四件礼物：旗袍(cheongsam)、紫砂茶具(purple clay tea set)、丝绸围巾(silk scarf)、书画折扇(calligraphy and painting folding fan)，现在发邮件向你咨询。请你给他写封邮件，谈谈你的意见。内容包括：
1. 为他父母分别推荐的一件礼物；
2. 推荐这两件礼物的理由；
3. 对 Allen 父母的问候。
注意：作文中不得出现你本人的姓名、班级和学校等真实信息。
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1．as
2．though/although
3．have come
4．releasing
5．To simplify
6．reconstructed
7．that
8．of
9．does
10．it
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。针对许多科研人员不愿意公开他们的数据从而容易导致发表的论文中的数据和结果不可靠的现象，肖恩·威尔纳和他的同事们想出了一种叫做CORVIDS的方法。文章对此方法进行了介绍和说明。
1．
考查定语从句。句意：在一个理想的世界里，这些数据，无论其信息量和探索性如何，作为一项科学研究的基础，如果不能公开获得，那么至少也可以提供给其他研究人员。定语从句“a scientific study is based on”中缺少介词on的宾语，且先行词data被such修饰，所以应用关系代词as引导。故填as。
2．
考查连词。句意：这种态度虽然自私，但可以理解。根据selfish和understandable可知，前后构成转折关系，所以此处应用连词though或although表示“尽管”引导让步状语从句，从句中省略了“it is”。故填though/although。
3．
考查现在完成时。句意：现在肖恩·威尔纳和他的同事们已经想出了一种方法来重建所有可能产生这种结果的数据集，包括发布数据。根据后文“And they call the way CORVIDS”(他们称之为CORVIDS)可知，此处是指已经想出了一种方法，表示动作发生在过去但对现在产生了影响或结果，所以应用现在完成时。故填have come。
4．
考查动名词。句意：现在肖恩·威尔纳和他的同事们已经想出了一种方法来重建所有可能产生这种结果的数据集，包括发布数据。在动词includes后作宾语应用release的动名词形式。故填releasing。
5．
考查动词不定式。句意：为了简化发现异常数据的任务，CORVIDS将可能的数据集转换为三维图表。CORVIDS将可能的数据集转换为三维图表的目的是简化发现异常数据的任务，所以此处应用to do不定式表目的。句首首字母应大写。故填To simplify。
6．
考查过去分词。句意：例如，每个重构数据集可能在标度的一端缺失值。名词data和动词reconstruct构成被动关系，且根据“may be missing values at one end of the scale”可知，动作已完成，所以应用过去分词作定语。故填reconstructed。
7．
考查宾语从句。句意：这可能表明统计数据报告不正确，或者基本数据存在问题。从句“there were problems with the fundamental data”作动词suggest宾语，为宾语从句，不缺少主语、宾语或表语，也不缺少意义，所以应用连接词that引导。故填that。
8．
考查介词。句意：CORVIDS可能对学术期刊的编辑和审稿人有直接的价值，他们将能够及早发现论文中的问题，并与作者进行讨论。根据“who will be able to spot problems with papers early, and so discuss them with the authors”可知，此处是指CORVIDS可能对学术期刊的编辑和审稿人有直接的价值，应用 “of+抽象名词”作表语，“of+抽象名词”相当于形容词，即“of value”相当于valuable。故填of。
9．
考查助动词。句意：如果一个无法解决的问题的确出现了，那么这项技术可以应用到有问题的作者之前的工作中，看看是否有任何系统性的东西正在进行。主语problem为第三人称单数，且根据“then the technique can be applied to previous work by the author in question”可知，此处为一般现在时，所以应用助动词does强调谓语。故填does。
10．
考查人称代词。句意：如果发现的数据集没有显示任何奇怪的模式，那么CORVIDS也不太可能显示奇怪的模式。根据“CORVIDS is unlikely to show oddness, either”可知，此处是指CORVIDS发现的数据集，所以应用人称代词it代指CORVIDS。“it finds”为定语从句，修饰先行词 “the data sets”，因为关系代词在从句中充当宾语，所以省略了关系代词。故填it。
11．F
12．B
13．D
14．I
15．C
16．A
17．K
18．G
19．J
20．H
【分析】
这是一篇议论文。文章主题是纪念品背后的深层含义。它的意义不是固定的，因为它对主人的重要性会随着时间的推移而改变，它的重要性与旅行者的身份密切相关。
11．
考查动词。句意：这只是我们做的事情，让我们自己熟悉这个世界，它的可能性，以及我们在其中的位置。分析句子，本句中涉及短语a way to do （一个做某事的方式），可知本空填动词原形。结合句意“让我们自己熟悉这个世界”可知familiarize（使…熟悉）符合句意。故选F项。
12．
考查动词。句意：我们中很少有人会自称为收藏家，但大多数旅行者都会在度假时带上一个贝壳，或者带上钥匙链。分析句子结构，but连接转折关系的并列句。本句主语是most travelers，设空处为本句谓语动词。根据前面的“call”可知句子时态是一般现在时态。主语是复数形式，谓语动词为动词原形。“pocket”把…放进衣袋，符合语境。故选B项。
13．
考查副词。句意：正如波茨先生在一本名为《纪念品》的书中所指出的那样，这种看似简单的做法远远不像人们初看到的那么简单。前面是As引导的定语从句，本句there be结构是主句，结合句意，这不仅仅是看似简单的做法。seemingly副词修饰形容词simple这个形容词作状语。故选D项。
14．
考查形容词。句意：首先，它可以追溯到最古老的旅程，因此这是一种可以追溯到几千年前的习惯做法。分析句子，so引导的句子中主语是it，be动词后面的名词practice（做法）是句子表语，设空处应填入形容词作定语修饰practice，结合句意“习惯做法”可知，customary（习惯的）符合语境。故选I项。
15．
考查形容词。句意：学术研究人员已经将纪念品——甚至是大规模生产的项目——比如“我爱纽约”T恤衫和米开朗基罗的大卫的塑料微缩画——分类为不同的类别，可能很多旅行者都不知道。分析句子，设空处后面的名词“items”（商品，项目）前面缺修饰词，根据句意“大规模生产的项目”可知mass-produced（大量生产的）符合语境。故选C项。
16．
考查副词。句意：此外，我们带纪念品回家的真正原因是什么？分析句子，本句是what引导的特殊疑问句，结合句意，设空处填genuinely（真正地）作状语修饰be动词。故选A项。
17．
考查名词。句意：随着时间的推移，好奇心成为个人旅行的动力。分析句子，intellectual curiosity是句子主语，此空在be动词之后作整个句子表语，driving（起推动作用的）作它的定语，结合句意“驱动力”，motivation（动机）符合语境。故选K项。
18．
考查动词。句意：学者们将这些纪念品分成不同的桶，包括“标记”（T恤衫和茶杯等带有地点标志的物品）、“图像”（明信片和海报）和“象征性地标”（如自由女神像钥匙链），后两类虽然不是唯一的象征性地标，大众旅游。分析句子，本句主语是Scholars，此空作谓语，根据后面的““markers” “pictorial images” and “____ ____landmarks””可知这是纪念品的分类。group将…分类，符合语境。故选G项。
19．
考查形容词。句意同上。分析句子，此空后的“landmarks”和“markers”以及“pictorial images”并列作介词into的宾语，本空修饰landmarks作定语，结合句意“象征性地标”可知，symbolic（象征性的）符合语境。故选J项。
20．
考查名词。句意；波茨先生自己也有很多纪念品，这些纪念品不仅让他想起他去过的地方和他与当地人之间不同寻常的邂逅，还让他想起以前的生活阶段。根据此空后面的“between him and local people,”，再结合句意“不同寻常的邂逅”，可知encounter（邂逅）符合语境。故选H项。
21．A
22．D
23．B
24．C
25．A
26．C
27．C
28．D
29．B
30．A
31．D
32．B
33．A
34．C
35．B
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。研究人员发现，一个简单的方法可以缓解因道路被晒伤而加剧的城市热岛效应——把街道涂成灰色。
21．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：亚利桑那州立大学的一项研究发现，在黑色沥青上涂上一种反光的灰色材料，会导致平均路面温度下降10.5到12华氏度。 A. applying涂，应用，申请；B. sticking刺入，粘住；C. approaching接近；D. contributing捐献。固定搭配：apply…to“把……涂到……上”。故选A。
22．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，日出时的温度平均下降了2.4度。A. occurred发生；B. proved证明；C. turned使变成；D. saw目睹，看见。此处指“目睹”了温度的下降。故选D。
23．
考查副词词义辨析。句意：在一个气温不断上升的世界里，看到一项有潜力满足日益增长的沙漠城市的需求的技术是令人兴奋的。A. efficiently高效地；B. constantly持续不断地；C. technically 技术上；D. specifically专门地。根据下文“Experts say road temperatures in the Phoenix area can rise to 180 degrees on a hot day.”可知，此处指温度“持续不断地”上升。故选B。
24．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：被吸收的能量会在铺好的地面上停留数小时，将热量辐射回夜间的空气中。A. generated产生，引发；B. heated加热；C. absorbed吸收；D. calculated计算，估计。根据下文“remains in paved surfaces for hours, radiating heat back into nighttime air”，可知此处指“被吸收的”能量。故选C。
25．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：夜间较高的温度会导致早晨更温暖，从而形成城市热岛效应的循环。A. cycle循环；B. decline减少，衰退；C. sample样品；D. variety种类。根据上文“Higher overnight temperatures result in warmer mornings”，可知，形成城市热岛效应的“循环”。故选A。
26．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：研究人员还发现，最大的温差发生在靠近路面的地方，距离地面6英尺的地方温差较小。A. balance平衡；B. control控制；C. difference区分，不同；D. equality平等。根据下文“near the road surface, with less dramatic results 6 feet above the ground.”可知，此处指最大“温差”。故选C。
27．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：即便如此，那些街道反光的社区的空气温度要比那些街道是黑漆漆的社区低0.3至0.5度。A. gray-painted灰漆；B. light-colored 颜色浅的；C. black-topped漆黑的；D. dry-surfaced表面干的。根据空前“the neighborhoods with streets reflecting light experienced air temperatures 0.3-to-0.5 degree cooler compared with neighborhoods”，可知此处是与黑漆漆社区温度的比较，也就是指黑色吸热。故选C。
28．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：研究人员表示，“最有意义的测量”是辐射温度，这是一种测量人体如何感受到热量的方法。A. reflects反射；B. transmits播送；C. resists抵制；D. experiences体验。根据下文“human experience of heat”，可知，此处指人体感受热量的方法。故选D。
29．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些测量结果表明，“由于地表反射率，人类在中午和下午几个小时暴露在高温下的体验更高。”A. extent 程度，范围；B. exposure暴露，接触；C. absorption吸收，吸纳；D. endurance持久力。根据下文“at noon and the afternoon hours was higher due to surface reflectivity”，可知，此处指“暴露”在高温下的体验。故选B。
30．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：有人指出，感觉温度的增加“可能是使用反射表面来降低表面温度的一种必要的权衡。A. felt感觉；B. heated 加热；C. stored储存；D. needed需要。根据下文“may be a necessary trade-off（妥协）to reduce surface temperatures using a reflective surface”可知，此处指对温度增加的“感觉”。故选A。
31．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：交通部发言人希瑟·墨菲(Heather Murphy)说，使用这种材料的社区的司机和居民对此反应不一。A. instant立刻的；B. all-sided全面的；C. objective客观的；D. mixed复杂的，混合的。根据下文“from drivers and residents in neighborhoods where the material is applied”，可知，此处指司机和居民对此反应“不一”。故选D。
32．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们有一些人不喜欢它的外观，但总的来说反应是非常积极的。A. optimistic乐观的；B. positive积极的；C. pessimistic悲观的；D. obvious明显的。根据上文的“We have had some people who don’t like the look of it, but…”，可知，句中的but表示转折，说明反应是“积极的”。故选B。
33．
考查短语辨析。句意：如果你在炎热的天气站在这些表面上，事实上，如果你不在阴凉处，你仍然会觉得热。A. in fact事实上；B. as a result结果；C. on the other hand另一方面；D. for one thing首先，一方面。根据空后“you’re still going to be hot if you’re not in the shade,”可知，此处指的是“事实”。故选A。
34．
考查动词短语辨析。句意：所以如果我们真的想要推动真正的解决方案，它不会只是把所有的街道涂成灰色。A. put down放下，记下；B. hold up 举起，阻挡；C. push toward推进；D. take back收回。根据下文“true solutions, it’s not going to be just painting all the streets gray.”可知，此处指“推进”解决方案。故选C。
35．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：研究的第二阶段将考察材料在不同条件下的性能，包括反射率、降解和地下温度在较长时间内的变化。A. variations变奏曲；B. conditions条件，状况；C. circulations流通，循环；D. investigations调查。根据下文“including changes in reflectivity, degradation and subsurface temperature over longer periods.”可知，此处指在不同的“条件下”。故选B。
36．C
37．D
38．B
39．A
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了Vincent Sabella来到一所新学校读书，他的老师和同学对他的看法和态度。
36．
推理判断题。根据第一段“A less devoted teacher might have pressed for more details, but Miss Price was content with the rough outline. It was enough to fill her with a sense of mission that shone from her eyes, from the first morning he joined the fourth grade.”（一个不那么认真的老师也许会要求了解更多的细节，但普赖斯小姐对这个粗略的提纲很满意。从他上四年级的第一天早上起，她的眼睛里就充满了使命感。）可知，普莱斯老师对文森特了解不多，但这并没有阻止她想关心他。故选C项。
37．
细节理解题。根据第三段““We have a new classmate this morning,” Miss Price said, “His name is Vincent Sabella, and he comes from New York City.”（“今天早上我们有一个新同学，”普莱斯小姐说，“他的名字叫文森特·萨贝拉，来自纽约市。）以及第四段“Ordinarily, the fact of someone’s coming from New York might have held a certain status, for to most of the children the city was a frightening, adult place that swallowed up their fathers every day. But anyone could see at a glance that Vincent Sabella had nothing to do with it.”（通常，有人从纽约来这一事实可能具有某种地位，因为对大多数孩子来说，这座城市是一个可怕的、成人的地方，每天吞噬着他们的父亲。但任何人一眼就能看出文森特·萨贝拉与此无关。）可知，作者在第三段和第四段提到“纽约”，是为了说明文森特和人们的想象中的形象之间有某些区别。故选D项。
38．
推理判断题。根据第四段“This time they all swung around to stare at once, which caused him to duck his head slightly and shift his weight from one side to the other.”（这一次，他们都转过身来盯着他看，这使他稍稍低下头，把重心从一边移到另一边。）可推知，文森特紧张不安。故选B项。
39．
推理判断题。根据最后一段“The girls decided that he wasn’t very nice and turned away, but the boys remained in their inspection, looking him up and down with faint smiles.”（女孩们觉得他不太好，就转身走开了，但男孩们仍在检查中，微笑着上下打量着他。）可知，文森特的新同学要么对他漠不关心，要么对他不友好。故选A项。
40．A
41．B
42．C
【分析】
本文是一篇应用文，主要讲的是环球影城度假村的模仿哈利波特飞行的项目。
40．
词句猜测题。根据1. CAUTION:部分的“This ride imitates dramatic aerobatics and and includes sudden acceleration, stopping, turning, climbing, and dropping.”（这种飞行模拟了剧烈的aerobatics，包括突然加速、停止、转弯、爬升和下降。）可知，这种飞行包括突然加速、停止、转弯、爬升和下降这些剧烈运动，因此划线词aerobatics的意思是“剧烈的活动”，即violent movements，故选A。
41．
细节理解题。根据1. CAUTION:部分的“Guests under 122cm may not ride.”（身高低于122厘米者不得乘坐。）可知，未满一定年龄的儿童不得乘坐此游乐设施。故选B。
42．
推理判断题。根据Universal Studio Resort部分的“Make your way through the classrooms and corridors of Hogwarts. Then rocket above the castle grounds on a groundbreaking new ride that lets you join Harry Potter and his friends on an unforgettably thrilling adventure.”（穿过霍格沃茨的教室和走廊。然后，你可以乘坐一辆突破性的新汽车，在城堡上空驰骋，加入哈利·波特和他的朋友们，进行一场令人难忘的惊心动魄的冒险。）可知，本文讲的是在环球影城度假村可以参加的项目，因此这篇文章最可能出现在环球影城的主页 的“要做的事情”部分，故选C。
43．A
44．B
45．C
46．B
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了为了拯救露脊鲸，科学家首先要定位鲸鱼的位置，但由于海洋噪音原因严重影响设备发挥作用，为此，科学家发明深度学习模型来消除噪音，最终尽可能地拯救露脊鲸。
43．
细节理解题。根据第一段“Protecting these whales, such as by turning boats from dangerous encounters, requires positioning them more reliably -- and new technology, described in the Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, could help make that possible.”（为了保护这些鲸鱼，比如让船只避开危险的遭遇，需要更可靠地定位它们——而《美国声学学会杂志》上描述的新技术可能有助于实现这一点。）说明新技术是精确定位露脊鲸，以帮助保护北大西洋露脊鲸。故选A项。
44．
细节理解题。根据第三段“The program can successfully turn noisy spectrograms into clean ones, reducing false alarms and helping spot whales before they reach dangerous areas, the scientists say.”（科学家们说，该项目可以成功地将嘈杂的光谱图转换为干净的光谱图，减少误报，并在鲸鱼到达危险区域之前帮助它们。）说明深度学习模型对减少背景噪声的一个主要贡献是，它们可以消除光谱图上显示的干扰。故选B项。
45．
推理判断题。根据第四段“Shyam Madhusudhana…says he would want to see if such models could be used to locate other marine mammals (哺乳动物), too. “Humpback whales and dolphins have much more complex speech pathways than the right whale,” he notes. And University of East Anglia machine-learning researcher Ben Milner…wants to take this technology above water as well -- to Ukrainian forests, where he hopes to identify animals near the site of the 1986 Chernobyl disaster.( Shyam Madhusudhana, 康奈尔大学的数据工程师,他并没有参与这项研究,他说他想看看这样的模型可以用于定位其他海洋哺乳动物。“座头鲸和海豚的语言通路比露脊鲸复杂得多，”他指出。东安格利亚大学的机器学习研究员本·米尔纳是这项研究的作者之一，他想把这项技术也带出水面——到乌克兰的森林中，他希望在那里识别1986年切尔诺贝利灾难现场附近的动物。)说明Shyam和Ben都希望深度学习模型能够超越目前的应用。故选C项。
46．
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Fewer than 400 North Atlantic right whales remain in the wild, and not even 100 of them are breeding females. Their biggest survival threats are boat strikes and getting caught in fishing gear.”（只有不到400头北大西洋露脊鲸仍在野外生存，甚至没有100头露脊鲸是正在繁殖的雌性露脊鲸。他们最大的生存威胁是船只罢工和被渔具缠住。）和第三段”Now researchers have trained two deep-learning models specifically to cut through the noise. ”（现在，研究人员专门训练了两个深度学习模型来消除噪音。）说明本文主要讲述了减少噪音拯救露脊鲸。故选B项。
47．D
48．A
49．C
50．F
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是随着中国体重的增加，2型糖尿病正在迅速增加，并分析了原因。
47．
空格前说“When doctors, academics and officials gathered there this autumn to discuss the conclusions and promote prevention work, they faced a very different reality.”（今年秋天，当医生、学者和官员聚集在那里讨论结论和促进预防工作时，他们面临着一个截然不同的现实。） ，空格后说“Type-2 diabetes is becoming more common globally, but in recent years the rate of the disease has been growing fastest in China.”（2型糖尿病在全球越来越普遍，但近年来中国的发病率增长最快。），D选项 “About 11% of Chinese adults now have the condition, nearly the proportion in America and twice the level in Britain.”（目前，中国成年人中约有11%患有此病，这一比例接近美国，是英国的两倍。）说明了中国2型糖尿病的情况，其选项中“in America”和“in Britain ”与空格后的“globally”相呼应，因此D选项承上启下，故选D。
48．
第二段说“Type 1 is rare and usually shows up early in life, caused by factors that are not yet well understood. It can kill swiftly unless managed with daily injections of insulin (胰岛素). ”（1型糖尿病很少见，通常出现在生命早期，由一些尚未完全了解的因素引起。除非每天注射胰岛素，否则它能迅速致死。） ，空格后说“Both types, if not well-treated, can cause complications such as organ damage, blindness, strokes and heart attacks.”（如果治疗不当，这两种类型都可能导致器官损伤、失明、中风和心脏病发作等并发症。），说明空格处要介绍2型糖尿病，A选项 “Type 2 is far more common, accounting for more than 90% of cases worldwide.”（2型糖尿病更为常见，占全球病例的90%以上。）介绍的是2型糖尿病，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选A。
49．
空格后说“Twenty years ago, it had fewer than 25 million. The dramatic increase, almost entirely involving type 2s, worries the government.”（20年前，这个数字还不到2500万。这种剧烈的增长，几乎完全涉及到2型，令人担忧。），因此空格处会说到目前的数字，C选项 “China has an estimated 116 million diabetics, by far the highest number of any country.”（据估计，中国有1.16亿糖尿病患者，是世界上糖尿病患者最多的国家。）说明了中国现在的糖尿病患者的数目，因此C选项引起下文，符合语境，故选C。
50．
空格前说“The urban proportion of the population has grown from less than 20% to about 60% since 1980.”（自1980年以来，城市人口比例从不足20%增长到约60%。），空格处应解释为什么城市人口得糖尿病的更多，F选项 “City inhabitants tend to be less physically active than people in rural areas.”（城市居民的身体活动往往比农村地区的人少。）说明了更多城市人口得糖尿病的原因，因此F选项承接上文，符合语境，故选F。
51．One possible version:
With the problem of student loan worsened by pandemic-induced recession, people hold diverse attitudes towards student-debt forgiveness. Some argue it serves to stimulate economy and bridge the wealth gap while others maintain it can’t help those most in need and show the concern about setting the precedent. Despite the efforts made by the government, a sustainable solution hasn’t been reached.
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍由于大流行引发的经济衰退，学生贷款问题恶化，人们对学生债务减免持有不同的态度。一些人认为它有助于刺激经济和缩小贫富差距，而另一些人认为它不能帮助那些最需要帮助的人，并显示出对开创先例的担忧。尽管政府做出了努力，一个可持续的解决方案还没有达成。
【详解】
1.要点摘录
①Is Student-loan Forgiveness Unforgivable?
②Student-debt cancellation feels like one of the most accessible executive actions to stimulate the economy at the moment.
③But others argue that sweeping student-loan forgiveness doesn’t help the people who need aid most.
④What’s clear, according to the both sides of the aisle (过道), is that economic crises worsen the problem of student debt.
2.缜密构思
将第1、2两个要点进行归纳，将第3、4两个要点进行整合。
3.遣词造句
When the problem of student loan is worsened by pandemic-induced recession, people hold diverse attitudes towards student-debt forgiveness.
Some firmly hold the belief that it serves to stimulate economy and bridge the wealth gap while others think that it can’t help those most in need and show the concern about setting the precedent.
In spite of the efforts made by the government, a sustainable solution hasn’t been reached.
【点睛】
[高分句型1] With the problem of student loan worsened by pandemic-induced recession, people hold diverse attitudes towards student-debt forgiveness.运用with复合结构对原文第一段进行了概括。其中with复合结构作伴随状语表达高级。
[高分句型2]Some argue it serves to stimulate economy and bridge the wealth gap while others maintain it can’t help those most in need and show the concern about setting the precedent.用while引导比较状语从句对第三、四段进行了概括，表达非常高级。
52．How fascinating / What a fascinating thing it is to go hiking in the country park in (the) clear and fresh autumn (weather)!
【详解】
考查短语、时态、代词和感叹句。 go hiking去远足；in the park 在公园。句中用it作形式主语，真正的主语为不定式。感叹句的结构为：What+a/an+(形容词)+单数可数名词+主语+谓语! 或者How+形容词(副词)+主语+谓语!陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。根据句意，故翻译为How fascinating / What a fascinating thing it is to go hiking in the country park in (the) clear and fresh autumn (weather)!
53．As long as we persevere in doing anything, we will certainly gain a lot eventually.
【详解】
考查时间状语从句。“只要”可以翻译为as long as，引导条件状语从句，从句使用一般现在时表示将来，主句使用一般将来时；“我们”可以翻译为we，使用人称代词主格形式作从句主语；“坚持做任何事情”可以翻译为persevere in doing anything，从句主语为we，谓语persevere使用原形形式即可；主句中，“收获满满”可以翻译为gain a lot，谓语使用will gain；“最终”可以翻译为eventually，副词形式作状语，置于句末。故翻译为：As long as we persevere in doing anything, we will certainly gain a lot eventually.
54．The original countryside is increasingly becoming poetry and dreamland / poetry and distant field / poems and dreams / poems and distant lands for young people (who are) striving hard for the / their future in big cities / metropolises to comfort their anxiety and tension.
【详解】
考查定语从句和现在分词。“原生态的田园乡村”是the original countryside，“正越来越成为”用现在进行时，翻译为is increasingly becoming，“年轻人”是young people，“在大城市打拼前程的”用定语从句修饰young people，用who引导，翻译为who are striving hard for the /their future in big cities/metropolises，此部分也可直接用现在分词作后置定语，因此也可为striving hard for the /their future in big cities/metropolises；“抚慰焦虑和紧张的”是目的，用不定式，翻译为to comfort their anxiety and tension，““诗和远方””是“poetry and dreamland/poetry and distant field/poems and dreams/poems and distant lands”，因此整个句子翻译为“The original countryside is increasingly becoming poetry and dreamland/poetry and distant field/poems and dreams/poems and distant lands for young people (who are) striving hard for the /their future in big cities/metropolises to comfort their anxiety and tension.”。故答案为The original countryside is increasingly becoming poetry and dreamland/poetry and distant field/poems and dreams/poems and distant lands for young people (who are) striving hard for the /their future in big cities/metropolises to comfort their anxiety and tension.。
55．Although / Though / While there were many doubts / Despite / In spite of many doubts, he carefully analyzed / made careful analyses, and did not let go of / miss any clues, which made the truth of the theft arousing / causing / that has aroused / caused widespread social concern / widespread concern in society known to all / all the people / the whole nation.
【详解】
考查让步状语从句和定语从句。分析句意可知，句子描述过去的动作，时态用一般过去时，“尽管疑点重重”可翻译为让步状语从句Although/Though/While there were many doubts，或用Despite/In spite of many doubts，“他缜密分析”是he carefully analyzed/made careful analyses， “不放过任何蛛丝马迹”是did not let go of/miss any clues，“终于令这起社会广泛关注的盗窃案的真相大白于天下”是结果，可用which引导的非限制性定语从句，也可用现在分词表结果，“使......真相大白于天下”是made the truth known to all/all the people/the whole nation， “这起社会广泛关注的盗窃案”用that引导的定语从句或现在分词作后置定语，翻译为arousing/causing/that has aroused/caused widespread social concern/widespread concern in society，因此整个句子翻译为“Although/Though/While there were many doubts/Despite/In spite of many doubts, he carefully analyzed/made careful analyses, and did not let go of/miss any clues, which made the truth of the theft arousing/causing/that has aroused/caused widespread social concern/widespread concern in society known to all/all the people/the whole nation”，故答案为Although/Though/While there were many doubts/Despite/In spite of many doubts, he carefully analyzed/made careful analyses, and did not let go of/miss any clues, which made the truth of the theft arousing/causing/that has aroused/caused widespread social concern/widespread concern in society known to all/all the people/the whole nation.。
56．Dear Allen,
Glad to receive your letter, in which you asked me about the four gifts with typical Chinese cultural characteristics, including cheongsam, purple clay tea set, silk scarf and calligraphy and painting folding fan. I am writing to recommend a gift for your parents.
For your mother, I recommend the cheongsam. The cheongsam is a female dress with distinctive Chinese features and enjoys a growing popularity in the international world. The beauty of the cheongsam is that, made of different materials and to varying lengths, it can be worn either on casual or formal occasions. In either case, it creates an impression of simple and quiet charm, elegance and neatness. No wonder it is so much liked by women not only of China but those of foreign countries as well. So I think your mother will like it.
For your father, I recommend the calligraphy and painting folding fan. Several thousand years ago, the ancient Chinese invented the fan. People use it to bring cool wind in the summer. Moreover, because the fan also looks like a circle, so it also represents happiness and reunion. Usually, there are Chinese calligraphy and painting on the fan, which represent Chinese culture. I think it is suitable for your father.
Best regards to your parents.
Yours,
Li Hua
【分析】
本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给交换生Allen写封信，为他父母分别推荐的一件礼物，说明推荐这两件礼物的理由，表达对Allen 父母的问候。
【详解】
1. 词汇积累
高兴的：glad→delighted
独特的：distinctive→unique
不同的：disparate→different
另外：moreover→besides
2. 句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：For your father, I recommend the calligraphy and painting folding fan. Several thousand years ago, the ancient Chinese invented the fan.
拓展句：For your father, I recommend the calligraphy and painting folding fan, which was invented by the ancient Chinese several thousand years ago.
【点睛】
[高分句型1]Glad to receive your letter, in which you asked me about the four gifts with typical Chinese cultural characteristics, including cheongsam, purple clay tea set, silk scarf and calligraphy and painting folding fan. （运用了“介词+which ”引导的非限制性定语从句）
[高分句型2]The beauty of the cheongsam is that, made of different materials and to varying lengths, it can be worn either on casual or formal occasions. （运用了that引导的表语从句）
上海市虹口区2021-2022学年高三上学期期终学生能力诊断测试
（一模）英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、用单词的适当形式完成短文
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Something to Boast about
Are your information data safe and reliable?
In an ideal world such data, however informative and exploratory they are, 1．a scientific study is based on should be, if not publicly available, then at least available to other researchers. Sadly, this is not always the case.
Many scientists are still quite unwilling to have their data revealed though attitudes are changing. This attitude, 2．selfish, is understandable.
But sometimes it can cover a darker secret. The statistics presented in a paper may have been controlled to achieve a desired result. The author may, in other words, have cheated. If he releases the data, that cheating will be obvious.
Now Sean Wilner and his colleagues 3．(come) up with a way of reconstructing all the possible data sets that could have given rise to that result, which includes 4． (release) the data. And they call the way CORVIDS (Complete Recovery of Values in Diophantine Systems).
5． (simplify) the task of spotting abnormal data, CORVIDS turns the possible data sets into a three-dimensional (三维的) chart. This makes any unusual patterns apparent. For example, every 6．(reconstruct) data set may be missing values at one end of the scale. That might make sense occasionally. Generally, though, such a gap would be a red flag. It would suggest either that the statistics were reported incorrectly or 7．there were problems with the fundamental data.
CORVIDS is likely to be 8．immediate value to editors and reviewers at academic journals, who will be able to spot problems with papers early, and so discuss them with the authors. If an unresolvable problem 9．show up, then the technique can be applied to previous work by the author in question, to see if anything systematic is going on.
But its speed makes it a useful first step. If the data sets 10．finds do not show any strange patterns, CORVIDS is unlikely to show oddness, either.
Anyway, the trustworthiness of scientific papers will take a step up with CORVIDS.
二、选用适当的单词或短语补全短文
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A．genuinely B．pocket C．mass-produced D．seemingly E. inspiration
F. familiarize G. group H. encounter I. customary J. symbolic K. motivation
A Deeper Meaning behind Souvenirs
“Nobody sits us down and tells us to collect objects when we’re young,” writes Rolf Potts, “it’s just something we do, as a way to11．ourselves with the world, its possibilities, and our place in it.”
Few of us would call ourselves collectors, but most travelers 12．a seashell from a vacation, or bring a keychain. As Mr. Potts notes in a book called “Souvenir,” there is more to this 13．simple practice than meets the eye. For one thing, it can date back to the oldest described journeys, so it’s a14．practice that goes back thousands of years. And academic researchers have classified souvenirs -- even15．items like “I Love New York” T-shirts and plastic miniatures of Michelangelo’s David -- into various categories, likely unknown to many travelers.
Which categories do the things we’ve bought or found in our travels fall into? Further, what’s 16．behind our need to bring home souvenirs?
Over time, intellectual curiosity became the driving17．for personal travel. Yet even as travelers began collecting historical and scientific souvenirs, not just religious items, the things they brought home stood for feelings for holy objects.
Scholars18．these souvenirs into different buckets, including “markers” (location branded items like T-shirts and teacups), “pictorial images” (postcards and posters), and “19．landmarks” (for example, Statue of Liberty key chains), with the latter two categories symbolizing, though not exclusive to, mass tourism.
In the end, “Souvenir” suggests that its meaning is not fixed because its importance to the owner can change over time and that its significance is closely related to the traveler’s identity. Mr. Potts himself has had plenty of souvenirs, things that remind him not merely of the places he’s been and the extraordinary 20．between him and local people, but of former life phases. “When we collect souvenirs,” he writes, “we do so not to evaluate the world, but to tell the self.”
三、完形填空
Researchers have found that urban heat island effect made worse by sunbaked roads can be relieved by a simple measure: Paint the streets gray.
A study by Arizona State University found that 21 a reflective, gray-colored material to black asphalt（柏油）resulted in a 10.5-to-12-degree Fahrenheit drop in average road surface temperatures. Meanwhile, sunrise temperatures 22 an average 2.4-degree drop.
“This is exactly what we were hoping for,” Phoenix Mayor Kate Gallego said. “It’s exciting to see a technology that has the potential to meet the demands of a growing desert city in a world where temperatures are 23 rising.”
Experts say road temperatures in the Phoenix area can rise to 180 degrees on a hot day. That 24 energy remains in paved surfaces for hours, radiating heat back into nighttime air. Higher overnight temperatures result in warmer mornings, creating a 25 of urban heat island effect.
Researchers found as well that the greatest temperature 26 was near the road surface, with less dramatic results 6 feet above the ground. Even so, the neighborhoods with streets reflecting light experienced air temperatures 0.3-to-0.5 degree cooler compared with neighborhoods with 27 roads.
But reflective pavements don’t affect all surfaces the same way. Researchers said that “the most meaningful measurement” was of radiant temperatures, a measure of how the body 28 heat. Those measurements showed that the “human experience of heat 29 at noon and the afternoon hours was higher due to surface reflectivity.” It’s been noted that the increase in 30 temperatures “may be a necessary trade-off（妥协）to reduce surface temperatures using a reflective surface.”
Heather Murphy, a spokesperson for the Transportation Department, said the response has been 31 from drivers and residents in neighborhoods where the material is applied. “We have had some people who don’t like the look of it, but generally the response has been very 32 ”.
Still, officials cautioned that reflective pavement is not a remedy for the urban heat island effect.
“If you’re standing over these surfaces on a hot day, 33 , you’re still going to be hot if you’re not in the shade,” said Jennifer Vanos, an assistant professor at Arizona State University. “So if we really want to 34 true solutions, it’s not going to be just painting all the streets gray.”
A second phase of the study will examine questions about how the material performs under different 35 , including changes in reflectivity, degradation and subsurface temperature over longer periods.
21．A．applying B．sticking C．approaching D．contributing
22．A．occurred B．proved C．turned D．saw
23．A．efficiently B．constantly C．technically D．specifically
24．A．generated B．heated C．absorbed D．calculated
25．A．cycle B．decline C．sample D．variety
26．A．balance B．control C．difference D．equality
27．A．gray-painted B．light-colored C．black-topped D．dry-surfaced
28．A．reflects B．transmits C．resists D．experiences
29．A．extent B．exposure C．absorption D．endurance
30．A．felt B．heated C．stored D．needed
31．A．instant B．all-sided C．objective D．mixed
32．A．optimistic B．positive C．pessimistic D．obvious
33．A．in fact B．as a result C．on the other hand D．for one thing
34．A．put down B．hold up C．push toward D．take back
35．A．variations B．conditions C．circulations D．investigations
四、阅读理解
All Miss Price had been told about the new boy was that he’d spent most of his life in some kind of orphanage, and that the gray-haired “aunt and uncle” with whom he now lived were really foster parents (养父母), paid by the Welfare Department of the City of New York. A less devoted teacher might have pressed for more details, but Miss Price was content with the rough outline. It was enough to fill her with a sense of mission that shone from her eyes, from the first morning he joined the fourth grade.
He arrived early and sat in the back row, his backbone very straight, his ankles crossed precisely under the desk and his hands folded on the center of its top, and while the other children were filling in, he received a long, expressionless stare from each of them.
“We have a new classmate this morning,” Miss Price said, “His name is Vincent Sabella, and he comes from New York City. I know we’ll all do our best to make him feel at home.”
This time they all swung around to stare at once, which caused him to duck his head slightly and shift his weight from one side to the other. Ordinarily, the fact of someone’s coming from New York might have held a certain status, for to most of the children the city was a frightening, adult place that swallowed up their fathers every day. But anyone could see at a glance that Vincent Sabella had nothing to do with it. Even if you could ignore his twisted black hair and gray skin, his clothes would have given him away: ridiculously new pants, ridiculously old sports shoes and a yellow sweatshirt, much too small, with the faded remains of a Mickey Mouse design stamped on its chest.
The girls decided that he wasn’t very nice and turned away, but the boys remained in their inspection, looking him up and down with faint smiles. This was the kind of kid they were accustomed to thinking of as “tough,” the kind whose stare has made all of them uncomfortable at one time or another in unfamiliar neighborhoods; here was a unique chance for revenge.
36．What can you learn about Miss Price and Vincent from the first two paragraphs?
A．Since nobody had ever seen Vincent’s parents, he now lived all by himself.
B．Miss Price knew Vincent so well that she’d like to focus every bit of attention on him.
C．Miss Price didn’t know much about Vincent, but that didn’t stop her wanting to care about him.
D．Vincent sat in the back row so as not to arouse any unnecessary attention caused by his late arrival.
37．Why does the author mention “New York” in the third and the fourth paragraphs?
A．To illustrate Vincent’s distant origin.
B．To demonstrate children’s desire to go to see their fathers.
C．To emphasize Vincent’s low social status from his shabby clothes.
D．To state a certain distinction between Vincent and people’s imagination.
38．Which of the following words can best describe Vincent?
A．Devoted but shy. B．Nervous and uneasy.
C．Untalkative and tough. D．Sensitive but unfortunate.
39．What can you infer from the text about Vincent’s new classmates?
A．They were either unconcerned or unfriendly toward him.
B．They used to consider people like Vincent to be very tough.
C．They barely noticed the new boy sitting in the back of the classroom.
D．They were very curious about the newcomer in a kind and considerate manner.
HARRY POTTER AND THE FORBIDDEN JOURNEY
Universal Studio Resort
Make your way through the classrooms and corridors of Hogwarts. Then rocket above the castle grounds on a groundbreaking new ride that lets you join Harry Potter and his friends on an unforgettably thrilling adventure.
Our goal is to ensure that everyone is able to make well informed decisions about their ability to safely, comfortably, and conveniently experience each of our attractions.
1. CAUTION:
This ride imitates dramatic aerobatics and includes sudden acceleration, stopping, turning, climbing, and dropping.
Failure to follow posted guidelines may result in serious injury or expulsion (驱逐) from the park.
● Attraction is not allowed for Guests with a history of heart conditions or abnormal blood pressure.
● Attraction is not allowed for Guests with back, neck, or similar physical conditions.
● Expectant mothers are not allowed on this attraction.
● Attraction is not recommended for Guests easily influenced to motion sickness or dizziness.
● Attraction is not recommended for Guests who have fear of enclosed spaces.
● Attraction is not allowed for Guests with recent surgery or other conditions that may be worsened by this ride.
● Prosthetic limbs (义肢) must be secured to prevent hazards or loss due to ride forces. Please see an attendant for assistance.
● Guests under 122cm may not ride.
● Weight not to exceed 136 kg.
● This attraction cannot accommodate guide dogs. A portable pet cage is available upon request.
2. TO AVOID SERIOUS INJURY:
● Remain seated with your head firmly against the headrest.
● Keep hands and feet inside the vehicle.
● Hold onto shoulder restraints at all times.
● No Photography or Video Recording.
● Maximum capacity 4 persons.
● Keep safely all loose articles (phones, hats, glasses, video-recording equipment, cameras, wallets, keys, etc.) in the lockers provided or leave with a non-rider.
● No eating, drinking, or smoking.
40．In the passage, the underlined word aerobatics is closest in meaning to “________”.
A．violent movements B．plunging activities
C．increasing rides D．rapid actions
41．What is a proper behavior during rides according to the given information?
A．Guests must keep cameras inside their pockets or bags.
B．Children who are under a certain age are not allowed on this ride.
C．People with prosthetic limbs should remove them before the ride so as not to lose them.
D．People with visual sickness need to keep their guide dogs with them all the way through the ride.
42．Where would this page most probably be found on the Universal Studio homepage?
A．Guest Services B．About Us C．Things to Do D．Plan Your Visit
Fewer than 400 North Atlantic right whales remain in the wild, and not even 100 of them are breeding females. Their biggest survival threats are boat strikes and getting caught in fishing gear. Protecting these whales, such as by turning boats from dangerous encounters, requires positioning them more reliably -- and new technology, described in the Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, could help make that possible.
To listen for marine life, researchers often install underwater microphones called hydrophones on buoys (浮标) and robotic gliders (滑翔机). The recorded audio is changed into spectrograms -- visual representations of sound used to precisely recognize, for instance, specific whale species’ calls. But those distinctive sounds are often drowned out by other noise. In recent years researchers have used a machine-learning technique called deep learning to automate this analysis, but background sounds still block reliability.
Now researchers have trained two deep-learning models specifically to cut through the noise. They started by giving the models thousands of “clean” spectrograms with only North Atlantic right whale calls. Then they slowly added in thousands of spectrograms mixed with typical background sounds, such as tanker engines. The program can successfully turn noisy spectrograms into clean ones, reducing false alarms and helping spot whales before they reach dangerous areas, the scientists say.
Shyam Madhusudhana, a Cornell University data engineer, who was not involved in the study, says he would want to see if such models could be used to locate other marine mammals (哺乳动物), too. “Humpback whales and dolphins have much more complex speech pathways than the right whale,” he notes. And University of East Anglia machine-learning researcher Ben Milner, one of the study’s authors, wants to take this technology above water as well -- to Ukrainian forests, where he hopes to identify animals near the site of the 1986 Chernobyl disaster.
University of St. Andrews behavioral ecologist Peter Tyack, who was not involved in the study, says this new system should be used to figure out where whales are throughout the year, so that these areas can be protected. “In terms of estimating the density and the number of these whales in places where it’s hard to see them,” Peter says, “this technology could be fantastic.”
But he warns that it should not be the only approach to preventing ship strikes. In his work, Tyack has found that North Atlantic right whales can be silent for hours at a time -- so passive sound monitoring could easily miss one. And killing just a few, he adds, “could lead to extinction of the population.”
43．What does the new technology do to help protect the North Atlantic right whales?
A．Locating the right whales precisely.
B．Turning boats to encounter the right whales.
C．Guiding the right whales away from fishing boats.
D．Positioning fishing boats reliably and thus deadly strikes.
44．What is a major contribution of deep-learning models to reducing background noises?
A．They turn off the nearby alarms that may create background noises.
B．They can eliminate disturbances shown on a spectrogram sheet.
C．They add thousands of mixed sounds such as vehicle engines.
D．They can prevent whales from reaching dangerous areas.
45．It can be learned from the passage that________.
A．Shyam and Ben are both scientists at different universities who know each other well
B．all of the three scientists consider the extended use of the technology could face challenges
C．Shyam and Ben both hope that the deep learning model can go beyond its current application
D．Peter thinks the technology should have been used to figure out where it’s hard to see the whales
46．Which one of the following might be the best title of the passage?
A．Latest Techs on Marine Lifesaving
B．Save the Right Whale by Noise-cutting
C．See Whales’ Noise through Human’s Eyes
D．Non-professional Scientists’ Role in Saving Whales
五、六选四
As China Puts on Weight, Type-2 Diabetes (糖尿病) Is Rapidly Rising
More than 30 years ago, doctors in the northern city of Daqing began a pioneering long-term study into the prevention of type-2 diabetes, a disease which was then thought to affect about 1% of Chinese. When doctors, academics and officials gathered there this autumn to discuss the conclusions and promote prevention work, they faced a very different reality.47．Type-2 diabetes is becoming more common globally, but in recent years the rate of the disease has been growing fastest in China.
Diabetes is a disfunction in the body’s regulation of blood-sugar levels. Type 1 is rare and usually shows up early in life, caused by factors that are not yet well understood. It can kill swiftly unless managed with daily injections of insulin (胰岛素).
48．It tends to develop in adults, especially if they are overweight or do not exercise much. It can usually be controlled with pills and lifestyle changes, and can sometimes be reversed. Both types, if not well-treated, can cause complications such as organ damage, blindness, strokes and heart attacks.
49．Twenty years ago, it had fewer than 25 million. The dramatic increase, almost entirely involving type 2s, worries the government. The study in Daqing showed how lifestyle changes can prevent type 2 among people with damaged glucose tolerance (糖耐量), which is sometimes a start of the condition. The country’s health-care system is trying to ensure symptoms are detected, and help people with them.
A big reason for the increase is that as people get richer, they often consume more processed foods and sugary drinks. One in seven Chinese adults is overfat, including a quarter of adults in Beijing, China’s fattest city. The urban proportion of the population has grown from less than 20% to about 60% since 1980.50．
There may be a genetic link, too. Research finds that ethnic-Han Chinese are acquiring type 2 diabetes while younger and thinner than Caucasians. Smoking is another factor. China has one-fifth of the world’s population but consumes one-third of its cigarettes, and most of the daily smokers are men.
A.Type 2 is far more common, accounting for more than 90% of cases worldwide.
B.However, urban residents are becoming more willing to exercise, with gyms and yoga classes on the rise.
C.China has an estimated 116 million diabetics, by far the highest number of any country.
D.About 11% of Chinese adults now have the condition, nearly the proportion in America and twice the level in Britain.
E.The other type, though more commonly diagnosed, is not relatively dangerous.
F.City inhabitants tend to be less physically active than people in rural areas.
六、概要写作
51．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Is Student-loan Forgiveness Unforgivable?
Roughly 45 million Americans currently hold $1.6 trillion in student debt, with the average student-loan receiver owing between $20,000 and $25,000, according to the Federal Reserve. Among those actively making payments on their debt, the average monthly installment is between $200 and $300. And with 5.3 million more people unemployed than in February, right before the U.S. fell into the economic depression caused by pandemic (流行病), some people say that student-debt forgiveness could be beneficial to the economy.
“Student-debt cancellation feels like one of the most accessible executive actions to stimulate the economy at the moment,” says Suzanne Kahn, director of the Education. Kahn says the move would also help close the wealth gap between white Americans and people of color. Some 90% of Black students and 72% of Latino students take out loans for college versus just 66% of white students, according to an analysis from the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau.
But others argue that sweeping student-loan forgiveness doesn’t help the people who need aid most. Americans with college degrees, as a whole, have been less influenced by the economic effects of COVID-19 than their non-college-educated counterparts. Besides, they raise concerns that if the government wipes out current student loans, future college students may have a motivator to take on debts, hoping they will also be forgiven. Colleges may in turn tend to raise their prices further.
What’s clear, according to the both sides of the aisle (过道), is that economic crises worsen the problem of student debt. The last time the U.S. dipped into a recession, state governments cut their investments in colleges and universities—which, in turn, raised their tuition prices and forced students to take on ever larger loans.
In recent weeks, the government has walked a fine line on the issue, offering support for a bill calling for $10,000 worth of student-loan forgiveness but turning down anything close to a plan to issue $50,000 per borrower through executive action.
That’s not sustainable in the long run. It remains to be seen if the government can arrive at a political solution that is.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
七、汉译英（整句）
52．秋高气爽，到郊野公园去远足是多么令人心驰神往啊！(it) (汉译英）
53．做任何事情只要我们坚持不懈，最终定然会收获满满。(persevere) (汉译英）
54．原生态的田园乡村正越来越成为在大城市打拼前程的年轻人抚慰焦虑和紧张的“诗和远方”。(strive) (汉译英）
55．尽管疑点重重，但他缜密分析，不放过任何蛛丝马迹，终于令这起社会广泛关注的盗窃案的真相大白于天下。(which) (汉译英）
八、推荐信
56．Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
假定你是明启中学的学生李华，你校交换生 Allen 打算在圣诞节为他的父母各送一件具有典型中国文化特色的礼物。他初步选出了四件礼物：旗袍(cheongsam)、紫砂茶具(purple clay tea set)、丝绸围巾(silk scarf)、书画折扇(calligraphy and painting folding fan)，现在发邮件向你咨询。请你给他写封邮件，谈谈你的意见。内容包括：
1. 为他父母分别推荐的一件礼物；
2. 推荐这两件礼物的理由；
3. 对 Allen 父母的问候。
注意：作文中不得出现你本人的姓名、班级和学校等真实信息。
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1．as
2．though/although
3．have come
4．releasing
5．To simplify
6．reconstructed
7．that
8．of
9．does
10．it
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。针对许多科研人员不愿意公开他们的数据从而容易导致发表的论文中的数据和结果不可靠的现象，肖恩·威尔纳和他的同事们想出了一种叫做CORVIDS的方法。文章对此方法进行了介绍和说明。
1．
考查定语从句。句意：在一个理想的世界里，这些数据，无论其信息量和探索性如何，作为一项科学研究的基础，如果不能公开获得，那么至少也可以提供给其他研究人员。定语从句“a scientific study is based on”中缺少介词on的宾语，且先行词data被such修饰，所以应用关系代词as引导。故填as。
2．
考查连词。句意：这种态度虽然自私，但可以理解。根据selfish和understandable可知，前后构成转折关系，所以此处应用连词though或although表示“尽管”引导让步状语从句，从句中省略了“it is”。故填though/although。
3．
考查现在完成时。句意：现在肖恩·威尔纳和他的同事们已经想出了一种方法来重建所有可能产生这种结果的数据集，包括发布数据。根据后文“And they call the way CORVIDS”(他们称之为CORVIDS)可知，此处是指已经想出了一种方法，表示动作发生在过去但对现在产生了影响或结果，所以应用现在完成时。故填have come。
4．
考查动名词。句意：现在肖恩·威尔纳和他的同事们已经想出了一种方法来重建所有可能产生这种结果的数据集，包括发布数据。在动词includes后作宾语应用release的动名词形式。故填releasing。
5．
考查动词不定式。句意：为了简化发现异常数据的任务，CORVIDS将可能的数据集转换为三维图表。CORVIDS将可能的数据集转换为三维图表的目的是简化发现异常数据的任务，所以此处应用to do不定式表目的。句首首字母应大写。故填To simplify。
6．
考查过去分词。句意：例如，每个重构数据集可能在标度的一端缺失值。名词data和动词reconstruct构成被动关系，且根据“may be missing values at one end of the scale”可知，动作已完成，所以应用过去分词作定语。故填reconstructed。
7．
考查宾语从句。句意：这可能表明统计数据报告不正确，或者基本数据存在问题。从句“there were problems with the fundamental data”作动词suggest宾语，为宾语从句，不缺少主语、宾语或表语，也不缺少意义，所以应用连接词that引导。故填that。
8．
考查介词。句意：CORVIDS可能对学术期刊的编辑和审稿人有直接的价值，他们将能够及早发现论文中的问题，并与作者进行讨论。根据“who will be able to spot problems with papers early, and so discuss them with the authors”可知，此处是指CORVIDS可能对学术期刊的编辑和审稿人有直接的价值，应用 “of+抽象名词”作表语，“of+抽象名词”相当于形容词，即“of value”相当于valuable。故填of。
9．
考查助动词。句意：如果一个无法解决的问题的确出现了，那么这项技术可以应用到有问题的作者之前的工作中，看看是否有任何系统性的东西正在进行。主语problem为第三人称单数，且根据“then the technique can be applied to previous work by the author in question”可知，此处为一般现在时，所以应用助动词does强调谓语。故填does。
10．
考查人称代词。句意：如果发现的数据集没有显示任何奇怪的模式，那么CORVIDS也不太可能显示奇怪的模式。根据“CORVIDS is unlikely to show oddness, either”可知，此处是指CORVIDS发现的数据集，所以应用人称代词it代指CORVIDS。“it finds”为定语从句，修饰先行词 “the data sets”，因为关系代词在从句中充当宾语，所以省略了关系代词。故填it。
11．F
12．B
13．D
14．I
15．C
16．A
17．K
18．G
19．J
20．H
【分析】
这是一篇议论文。文章主题是纪念品背后的深层含义。它的意义不是固定的，因为它对主人的重要性会随着时间的推移而改变，它的重要性与旅行者的身份密切相关。
11．
考查动词。句意：这只是我们做的事情，让我们自己熟悉这个世界，它的可能性，以及我们在其中的位置。分析句子，本句中涉及短语a way to do （一个做某事的方式），可知本空填动词原形。结合句意“让我们自己熟悉这个世界”可知familiarize（使…熟悉）符合句意。故选F项。
12．
考查动词。句意：我们中很少有人会自称为收藏家，但大多数旅行者都会在度假时带上一个贝壳，或者带上钥匙链。分析句子结构，but连接转折关系的并列句。本句主语是most travelers，设空处为本句谓语动词。根据前面的“call”可知句子时态是一般现在时态。主语是复数形式，谓语动词为动词原形。“pocket”把…放进衣袋，符合语境。故选B项。
13．
考查副词。句意：正如波茨先生在一本名为《纪念品》的书中所指出的那样，这种看似简单的做法远远不像人们初看到的那么简单。前面是As引导的定语从句，本句there be结构是主句，结合句意，这不仅仅是看似简单的做法。seemingly副词修饰形容词simple这个形容词作状语。故选D项。
14．
考查形容词。句意：首先，它可以追溯到最古老的旅程，因此这是一种可以追溯到几千年前的习惯做法。分析句子，so引导的句子中主语是it，be动词后面的名词practice（做法）是句子表语，设空处应填入形容词作定语修饰practice，结合句意“习惯做法”可知，customary（习惯的）符合语境。故选I项。
15．
考查形容词。句意：学术研究人员已经将纪念品——甚至是大规模生产的项目——比如“我爱纽约”T恤衫和米开朗基罗的大卫的塑料微缩画——分类为不同的类别，可能很多旅行者都不知道。分析句子，设空处后面的名词“items”（商品，项目）前面缺修饰词，根据句意“大规模生产的项目”可知mass-produced（大量生产的）符合语境。故选C项。
16．
考查副词。句意：此外，我们带纪念品回家的真正原因是什么？分析句子，本句是what引导的特殊疑问句，结合句意，设空处填genuinely（真正地）作状语修饰be动词。故选A项。
17．
考查名词。句意：随着时间的推移，好奇心成为个人旅行的动力。分析句子，intellectual curiosity是句子主语，此空在be动词之后作整个句子表语，driving（起推动作用的）作它的定语，结合句意“驱动力”，motivation（动机）符合语境。故选K项。
18．
考查动词。句意：学者们将这些纪念品分成不同的桶，包括“标记”（T恤衫和茶杯等带有地点标志的物品）、“图像”（明信片和海报）和“象征性地标”（如自由女神像钥匙链），后两类虽然不是唯一的象征性地标，大众旅游。分析句子，本句主语是Scholars，此空作谓语，根据后面的““markers” “pictorial images” and “____ ____landmarks””可知这是纪念品的分类。group将…分类，符合语境。故选G项。
19．
考查形容词。句意同上。分析句子，此空后的“landmarks”和“markers”以及“pictorial images”并列作介词into的宾语，本空修饰landmarks作定语，结合句意“象征性地标”可知，symbolic（象征性的）符合语境。故选J项。
20．
考查名词。句意；波茨先生自己也有很多纪念品，这些纪念品不仅让他想起他去过的地方和他与当地人之间不同寻常的邂逅，还让他想起以前的生活阶段。根据此空后面的“between him and local people,”，再结合句意“不同寻常的邂逅”，可知encounter（邂逅）符合语境。故选H项。
21．A
22．D
23．B
24．C
25．A
26．C
27．C
28．D
29．B
30．A
31．D
32．B
33．A
34．C
35．B
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。研究人员发现，一个简单的方法可以缓解因道路被晒伤而加剧的城市热岛效应——把街道涂成灰色。
21．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：亚利桑那州立大学的一项研究发现，在黑色沥青上涂上一种反光的灰色材料，会导致平均路面温度下降10.5到12华氏度。 A. applying涂，应用，申请；B. sticking刺入，粘住；C. approaching接近；D. contributing捐献。固定搭配：apply…to“把……涂到……上”。故选A。
22．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，日出时的温度平均下降了2.4度。A. occurred发生；B. proved证明；C. turned使变成；D. saw目睹，看见。此处指“目睹”了温度的下降。故选D。
23．
考查副词词义辨析。句意：在一个气温不断上升的世界里，看到一项有潜力满足日益增长的沙漠城市的需求的技术是令人兴奋的。A. efficiently高效地；B. constantly持续不断地；C. technically 技术上；D. specifically专门地。根据下文“Experts say road temperatures in the Phoenix area can rise to 180 degrees on a hot day.”可知，此处指温度“持续不断地”上升。故选B。
24．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：被吸收的能量会在铺好的地面上停留数小时，将热量辐射回夜间的空气中。A. generated产生，引发；B. heated加热；C. absorbed吸收；D. calculated计算，估计。根据下文“remains in paved surfaces for hours, radiating heat back into nighttime air”，可知此处指“被吸收的”能量。故选C。
25．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：夜间较高的温度会导致早晨更温暖，从而形成城市热岛效应的循环。A. cycle循环；B. decline减少，衰退；C. sample样品；D. variety种类。根据上文“Higher overnight temperatures result in warmer mornings”，可知，形成城市热岛效应的“循环”。故选A。
26．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：研究人员还发现，最大的温差发生在靠近路面的地方，距离地面6英尺的地方温差较小。A. balance平衡；B. control控制；C. difference区分，不同；D. equality平等。根据下文“near the road surface, with less dramatic results 6 feet above the ground.”可知，此处指最大“温差”。故选C。
27．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：即便如此，那些街道反光的社区的空气温度要比那些街道是黑漆漆的社区低0.3至0.5度。A. gray-painted灰漆；B. light-colored 颜色浅的；C. black-topped漆黑的；D. dry-surfaced表面干的。根据空前“the neighborhoods with streets reflecting light experienced air temperatures 0.3-to-0.5 degree cooler compared with neighborhoods”，可知此处是与黑漆漆社区温度的比较，也就是指黑色吸热。故选C。
28．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：研究人员表示，“最有意义的测量”是辐射温度，这是一种测量人体如何感受到热量的方法。A. reflects反射；B. transmits播送；C. resists抵制；D. experiences体验。根据下文“human experience of heat”，可知，此处指人体感受热量的方法。故选D。
29．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些测量结果表明，“由于地表反射率，人类在中午和下午几个小时暴露在高温下的体验更高。”A. extent 程度，范围；B. exposure暴露，接触；C. absorption吸收，吸纳；D. endurance持久力。根据下文“at noon and the afternoon hours was higher due to surface reflectivity”，可知，此处指“暴露”在高温下的体验。故选B。
30．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：有人指出，感觉温度的增加“可能是使用反射表面来降低表面温度的一种必要的权衡。A. felt感觉；B. heated 加热；C. stored储存；D. needed需要。根据下文“may be a necessary trade-off（妥协）to reduce surface temperatures using a reflective surface”可知，此处指对温度增加的“感觉”。故选A。
31．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：交通部发言人希瑟·墨菲(Heather Murphy)说，使用这种材料的社区的司机和居民对此反应不一。A. instant立刻的；B. all-sided全面的；C. objective客观的；D. mixed复杂的，混合的。根据下文“from drivers and residents in neighborhoods where the material is applied”，可知，此处指司机和居民对此反应“不一”。故选D。
32．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们有一些人不喜欢它的外观，但总的来说反应是非常积极的。A. optimistic乐观的；B. positive积极的；C. pessimistic悲观的；D. obvious明显的。根据上文的“We have had some people who don’t like the look of it, but…”，可知，句中的but表示转折，说明反应是“积极的”。故选B。
33．
考查短语辨析。句意：如果你在炎热的天气站在这些表面上，事实上，如果你不在阴凉处，你仍然会觉得热。A. in fact事实上；B. as a result结果；C. on the other hand另一方面；D. for one thing首先，一方面。根据空后“you’re still going to be hot if you’re not in the shade,”可知，此处指的是“事实”。故选A。
34．
考查动词短语辨析。句意：所以如果我们真的想要推动真正的解决方案，它不会只是把所有的街道涂成灰色。A. put down放下，记下；B. hold up 举起，阻挡；C. push toward推进；D. take back收回。根据下文“true solutions, it’s not going to be just painting all the streets gray.”可知，此处指“推进”解决方案。故选C。
35．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：研究的第二阶段将考察材料在不同条件下的性能，包括反射率、降解和地下温度在较长时间内的变化。A. variations变奏曲；B. conditions条件，状况；C. circulations流通，循环；D. investigations调查。根据下文“including changes in reflectivity, degradation and subsurface temperature over longer periods.”可知，此处指在不同的“条件下”。故选B。
36．C
37．D
38．B
39．A
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了Vincent Sabella来到一所新学校读书，他的老师和同学对他的看法和态度。
36．
推理判断题。根据第一段“A less devoted teacher might have pressed for more details, but Miss Price was content with the rough outline. It was enough to fill her with a sense of mission that shone from her eyes, from the first morning he joined the fourth grade.”（一个不那么认真的老师也许会要求了解更多的细节，但普赖斯小姐对这个粗略的提纲很满意。从他上四年级的第一天早上起，她的眼睛里就充满了使命感。）可知，普莱斯老师对文森特了解不多，但这并没有阻止她想关心他。故选C项。
37．
细节理解题。根据第三段““We have a new classmate this morning,” Miss Price said, “His name is Vincent Sabella, and he comes from New York City.”（“今天早上我们有一个新同学，”普莱斯小姐说，“他的名字叫文森特·萨贝拉，来自纽约市。）以及第四段“Ordinarily, the fact of someone’s coming from New York might have held a certain status, for to most of the children the city was a frightening, adult place that swallowed up their fathers every day. But anyone could see at a glance that Vincent Sabella had nothing to do with it.”（通常，有人从纽约来这一事实可能具有某种地位，因为对大多数孩子来说，这座城市是一个可怕的、成人的地方，每天吞噬着他们的父亲。但任何人一眼就能看出文森特·萨贝拉与此无关。）可知，作者在第三段和第四段提到“纽约”，是为了说明文森特和人们的想象中的形象之间有某些区别。故选D项。
38．
推理判断题。根据第四段“This time they all swung around to stare at once, which caused him to duck his head slightly and shift his weight from one side to the other.”（这一次，他们都转过身来盯着他看，这使他稍稍低下头，把重心从一边移到另一边。）可推知，文森特紧张不安。故选B项。
39．
推理判断题。根据最后一段“The girls decided that he wasn’t very nice and turned away, but the boys remained in their inspection, looking him up and down with faint smiles.”（女孩们觉得他不太好，就转身走开了，但男孩们仍在检查中，微笑着上下打量着他。）可知，文森特的新同学要么对他漠不关心，要么对他不友好。故选A项。
40．A
41．B
42．C
【分析】
本文是一篇应用文，主要讲的是环球影城度假村的模仿哈利波特飞行的项目。
40．
词句猜测题。根据1. CAUTION:部分的“This ride imitates dramatic aerobatics and and includes sudden acceleration, stopping, turning, climbing, and dropping.”（这种飞行模拟了剧烈的aerobatics，包括突然加速、停止、转弯、爬升和下降。）可知，这种飞行包括突然加速、停止、转弯、爬升和下降这些剧烈运动，因此划线词aerobatics的意思是“剧烈的活动”，即violent movements，故选A。
41．
细节理解题。根据1. CAUTION:部分的“Guests under 122cm may not ride.”（身高低于122厘米者不得乘坐。）可知，未满一定年龄的儿童不得乘坐此游乐设施。故选B。
42．
推理判断题。根据Universal Studio Resort部分的“Make your way through the classrooms and corridors of Hogwarts. Then rocket above the castle grounds on a groundbreaking new ride that lets you join Harry Potter and his friends on an unforgettably thrilling adventure.”（穿过霍格沃茨的教室和走廊。然后，你可以乘坐一辆突破性的新汽车，在城堡上空驰骋，加入哈利·波特和他的朋友们，进行一场令人难忘的惊心动魄的冒险。）可知，本文讲的是在环球影城度假村可以参加的项目，因此这篇文章最可能出现在环球影城的主页 的“要做的事情”部分，故选C。
43．A
44．B
45．C
46．B
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了为了拯救露脊鲸，科学家首先要定位鲸鱼的位置，但由于海洋噪音原因严重影响设备发挥作用，为此，科学家发明深度学习模型来消除噪音，最终尽可能地拯救露脊鲸。
43．
细节理解题。根据第一段“Protecting these whales, such as by turning boats from dangerous encounters, requires positioning them more reliably -- and new technology, described in the Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, could help make that possible.”（为了保护这些鲸鱼，比如让船只避开危险的遭遇，需要更可靠地定位它们——而《美国声学学会杂志》上描述的新技术可能有助于实现这一点。）说明新技术是精确定位露脊鲸，以帮助保护北大西洋露脊鲸。故选A项。
44．
细节理解题。根据第三段“The program can successfully turn noisy spectrograms into clean ones, reducing false alarms and helping spot whales before they reach dangerous areas, the scientists say.”（科学家们说，该项目可以成功地将嘈杂的光谱图转换为干净的光谱图，减少误报，并在鲸鱼到达危险区域之前帮助它们。）说明深度学习模型对减少背景噪声的一个主要贡献是，它们可以消除光谱图上显示的干扰。故选B项。
45．
推理判断题。根据第四段“Shyam Madhusudhana…says he would want to see if such models could be used to locate other marine mammals (哺乳动物), too. “Humpback whales and dolphins have much more complex speech pathways than the right whale,” he notes. And University of East Anglia machine-learning researcher Ben Milner…wants to take this technology above water as well -- to Ukrainian forests, where he hopes to identify animals near the site of the 1986 Chernobyl disaster.( Shyam Madhusudhana, 康奈尔大学的数据工程师,他并没有参与这项研究,他说他想看看这样的模型可以用于定位其他海洋哺乳动物。“座头鲸和海豚的语言通路比露脊鲸复杂得多，”他指出。东安格利亚大学的机器学习研究员本·米尔纳是这项研究的作者之一，他想把这项技术也带出水面——到乌克兰的森林中，他希望在那里识别1986年切尔诺贝利灾难现场附近的动物。)说明Shyam和Ben都希望深度学习模型能够超越目前的应用。故选C项。
46．
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Fewer than 400 North Atlantic right whales remain in the wild, and not even 100 of them are breeding females. Their biggest survival threats are boat strikes and getting caught in fishing gear.”（只有不到400头北大西洋露脊鲸仍在野外生存，甚至没有100头露脊鲸是正在繁殖的雌性露脊鲸。他们最大的生存威胁是船只罢工和被渔具缠住。）和第三段”Now researchers have trained two deep-learning models specifically to cut through the noise. ”（现在，研究人员专门训练了两个深度学习模型来消除噪音。）说明本文主要讲述了减少噪音拯救露脊鲸。故选B项。
47．D
48．A
49．C
50．F
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是随着中国体重的增加，2型糖尿病正在迅速增加，并分析了原因。
47．
空格前说“When doctors, academics and officials gathered there this autumn to discuss the conclusions and promote prevention work, they faced a very different reality.”（今年秋天，当医生、学者和官员聚集在那里讨论结论和促进预防工作时，他们面临着一个截然不同的现实。） ，空格后说“Type-2 diabetes is becoming more common globally, but in recent years the rate of the disease has been growing fastest in China.”（2型糖尿病在全球越来越普遍，但近年来中国的发病率增长最快。），D选项 “About 11% of Chinese adults now have the condition, nearly the proportion in America and twice the level in Britain.”（目前，中国成年人中约有11%患有此病，这一比例接近美国，是英国的两倍。）说明了中国2型糖尿病的情况，其选项中“in America”和“in Britain ”与空格后的“globally”相呼应，因此D选项承上启下，故选D。
48．
第二段说“Type 1 is rare and usually shows up early in life, caused by factors that are not yet well understood. It can kill swiftly unless managed with daily injections of insulin (胰岛素). ”（1型糖尿病很少见，通常出现在生命早期，由一些尚未完全了解的因素引起。除非每天注射胰岛素，否则它能迅速致死。） ，空格后说“Both types, if not well-treated, can cause complications such as organ damage, blindness, strokes and heart attacks.”（如果治疗不当，这两种类型都可能导致器官损伤、失明、中风和心脏病发作等并发症。），说明空格处要介绍2型糖尿病，A选项 “Type 2 is far more common, accounting for more than 90% of cases worldwide.”（2型糖尿病更为常见，占全球病例的90%以上。）介绍的是2型糖尿病，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选A。
49．
空格后说“Twenty years ago, it had fewer than 25 million. The dramatic increase, almost entirely involving type 2s, worries the government.”（20年前，这个数字还不到2500万。这种剧烈的增长，几乎完全涉及到2型，令人担忧。），因此空格处会说到目前的数字，C选项 “China has an estimated 116 million diabetics, by far the highest number of any country.”（据估计，中国有1.16亿糖尿病患者，是世界上糖尿病患者最多的国家。）说明了中国现在的糖尿病患者的数目，因此C选项引起下文，符合语境，故选C。
50．
空格前说“The urban proportion of the population has grown from less than 20% to about 60% since 1980.”（自1980年以来，城市人口比例从不足20%增长到约60%。），空格处应解释为什么城市人口得糖尿病的更多，F选项 “City inhabitants tend to be less physically active than people in rural areas.”（城市居民的身体活动往往比农村地区的人少。）说明了更多城市人口得糖尿病的原因，因此F选项承接上文，符合语境，故选F。
51．One possible version:
With the problem of student loan worsened by pandemic-induced recession, people hold diverse attitudes towards student-debt forgiveness. Some argue it serves to stimulate economy and bridge the wealth gap while others maintain it can’t help those most in need and show the concern about setting the precedent. Despite the efforts made by the government, a sustainable solution hasn’t been reached.
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍由于大流行引发的经济衰退，学生贷款问题恶化，人们对学生债务减免持有不同的态度。一些人认为它有助于刺激经济和缩小贫富差距，而另一些人认为它不能帮助那些最需要帮助的人，并显示出对开创先例的担忧。尽管政府做出了努力，一个可持续的解决方案还没有达成。
【详解】
1.要点摘录
①Is Student-loan Forgiveness Unforgivable?
②Student-debt cancellation feels like one of the most accessible executive actions to stimulate the economy at the moment.
③But others argue that sweeping student-loan forgiveness doesn’t help the people who need aid most.
④What’s clear, according to the both sides of the aisle (过道), is that economic crises worsen the problem of student debt.
2.缜密构思
将第1、2两个要点进行归纳，将第3、4两个要点进行整合。
3.遣词造句
When the problem of student loan is worsened by pandemic-induced recession, people hold diverse attitudes towards student-debt forgiveness.
Some firmly hold the belief that it serves to stimulate economy and bridge the wealth gap while others think that it can’t help those most in need and show the concern about setting the precedent.
In spite of the efforts made by the government, a sustainable solution hasn’t been reached.
【点睛】
[高分句型1] With the problem of student loan worsened by pandemic-induced recession, people hold diverse attitudes towards student-debt forgiveness.运用with复合结构对原文第一段进行了概括。其中with复合结构作伴随状语表达高级。
[高分句型2]Some argue it serves to stimulate economy and bridge the wealth gap while others maintain it can’t help those most in need and show the concern about setting the precedent.用while引导比较状语从句对第三、四段进行了概括，表达非常高级。
52．How fascinating / What a fascinating thing it is to go hiking in the country park in (the) clear and fresh autumn (weather)!
【详解】
考查短语、时态、代词和感叹句。 go hiking去远足；in the park 在公园。句中用it作形式主语，真正的主语为不定式。感叹句的结构为：What+a/an+(形容词)+单数可数名词+主语+谓语! 或者How+形容词(副词)+主语+谓语!陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。根据句意，故翻译为How fascinating / What a fascinating thing it is to go hiking in the country park in (the) clear and fresh autumn (weather)!
53．As long as we persevere in doing anything, we will certainly gain a lot eventually.
【详解】
考查时间状语从句。“只要”可以翻译为as long as，引导条件状语从句，从句使用一般现在时表示将来，主句使用一般将来时；“我们”可以翻译为we，使用人称代词主格形式作从句主语；“坚持做任何事情”可以翻译为persevere in doing anything，从句主语为we，谓语persevere使用原形形式即可；主句中，“收获满满”可以翻译为gain a lot，谓语使用will gain；“最终”可以翻译为eventually，副词形式作状语，置于句末。故翻译为：As long as we persevere in doing anything, we will certainly gain a lot eventually.
54．The original countryside is increasingly becoming poetry and dreamland / poetry and distant field / poems and dreams / poems and distant lands for young people (who are) striving hard for the / their future in big cities / metropolises to comfort their anxiety and tension.
【详解】
考查定语从句和现在分词。“原生态的田园乡村”是the original countryside，“正越来越成为”用现在进行时，翻译为is increasingly becoming，“年轻人”是young people，“在大城市打拼前程的”用定语从句修饰young people，用who引导，翻译为who are striving hard for the /their future in big cities/metropolises，此部分也可直接用现在分词作后置定语，因此也可为striving hard for the /their future in big cities/metropolises；“抚慰焦虑和紧张的”是目的，用不定式，翻译为to comfort their anxiety and tension，““诗和远方””是“poetry and dreamland/poetry and distant field/poems and dreams/poems and distant lands”，因此整个句子翻译为“The original countryside is increasingly becoming poetry and dreamland/poetry and distant field/poems and dreams/poems and distant lands for young people (who are) striving hard for the /their future in big cities/metropolises to comfort their anxiety and tension.”。故答案为The original countryside is increasingly becoming poetry and dreamland/poetry and distant field/poems and dreams/poems and distant lands for young people (who are) striving hard for the /their future in big cities/metropolises to comfort their anxiety and tension.。
55．Although / Though / While there were many doubts / Despite / In spite of many doubts, he carefully analyzed / made careful analyses, and did not let go of / miss any clues, which made the truth of the theft arousing / causing / that has aroused / caused widespread social concern / widespread concern in society known to all / all the people / the whole nation.
【详解】
考查让步状语从句和定语从句。分析句意可知，句子描述过去的动作，时态用一般过去时，“尽管疑点重重”可翻译为让步状语从句Although/Though/While there were many doubts，或用Despite/In spite of many doubts，“他缜密分析”是he carefully analyzed/made careful analyses， “不放过任何蛛丝马迹”是did not let go of/miss any clues，“终于令这起社会广泛关注的盗窃案的真相大白于天下”是结果，可用which引导的非限制性定语从句，也可用现在分词表结果，“使......真相大白于天下”是made the truth known to all/all the people/the whole nation， “这起社会广泛关注的盗窃案”用that引导的定语从句或现在分词作后置定语，翻译为arousing/causing/that has aroused/caused widespread social concern/widespread concern in society，因此整个句子翻译为“Although/Though/While there were many doubts/Despite/In spite of many doubts, he carefully analyzed/made careful analyses, and did not let go of/miss any clues, which made the truth of the theft arousing/causing/that has aroused/caused widespread social concern/widespread concern in society known to all/all the people/the whole nation”，故答案为Although/Though/While there were many doubts/Despite/In spite of many doubts, he carefully analyzed/made careful analyses, and did not let go of/miss any clues, which made the truth of the theft arousing/causing/that has aroused/caused widespread social concern/widespread concern in society known to all/all the people/the whole nation.。
56．Dear Allen,
Glad to receive your letter, in which you asked me about the four gifts with typical Chinese cultural characteristics, including cheongsam, purple clay tea set, silk scarf and calligraphy and painting folding fan. I am writing to recommend a gift for your parents.
For your mother, I recommend the cheongsam. The cheongsam is a female dress with distinctive Chinese features and enjoys a growing popularity in the international world. The beauty of the cheongsam is that, made of different materials and to varying lengths, it can be worn either on casual or formal occasions. In either case, it creates an impression of simple and quiet charm, elegance and neatness. No wonder it is so much liked by women not only of China but those of foreign countries as well. So I think your mother will like it.
For your father, I recommend the calligraphy and painting folding fan. Several thousand years ago, the ancient Chinese invented the fan. People use it to bring cool wind in the summer. Moreover, because the fan also looks like a circle, so it also represents happiness and reunion. Usually, there are Chinese calligraphy and painting on the fan, which represent Chinese culture. I think it is suitable for your father.
Best regards to your parents.
Yours,
Li Hua
【分析】
本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给交换生Allen写封信，为他父母分别推荐的一件礼物，说明推荐这两件礼物的理由，表达对Allen 父母的问候。
【详解】
1. 词汇积累
高兴的：glad→delighted
独特的：distinctive→unique
不同的：disparate→different
另外：moreover→besides
2. 句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：For your father, I recommend the calligraphy and painting folding fan. Several thousand years ago, the ancient Chinese invented the fan.
拓展句：For your father, I recommend the calligraphy and painting folding fan, which was invented by the ancient Chinese several thousand years ago.
【点睛】
[高分句型1]Glad to receive your letter, in which you asked me about the four gifts with typical Chinese cultural characteristics, including cheongsam, purple clay tea set, silk scarf and calligraphy and painting folding fan. （运用了“介词+which ”引导的非限制性定语从句）
[高分句型2]The beauty of the cheongsam is that, made of different materials and to varying lengths, it can be worn either on casual or formal occasions. （运用了that引导的表语从句）
相关试卷
2020上海虹口区高三学生学习能力诊断测试（二模）英语试题含答案： 这是一份2020上海虹口区高三学生学习能力诊断测试（二模）英语试题含答案
2020上海虹口区高三学生学习能力诊断测试（二模）英语听力： 这是一份2020上海虹口区高三学生学习能力诊断测试（二模）英语听力
上海市青浦区2021-2022学年高三上学期期终学业质量调研测试（一模）英语试题： 这是一份上海市青浦区2021-2022学年高三上学期期终学业质量调研测试（一模）英语试题，共27页。试卷主要包含了用单词的适当形式完成短文，选用适当的单词或短语补全短文，完形填空，阅读理解，六选四，概要写作，汉译英，图画作文等内容，欢迎下载使用。
