外研版高考英语选修6一轮复习Module5Cloning课件+学案+训练

Module 5 Cloning

一、背单词与词块

(一)背阅读单词——会认就行　

(背诵时遮住右侧汉语，先自主翻译，后比对词义)

1．wrinkled adj. 　　　　　　　 (皮肤等)布满皱纹的，

 具有皱褶的

2．wing n.    翅膀

3．vein n.    血管；静脉

4．nightmare n.    噩梦

5．incredible adj.   难以置信的

6．nonsense n.    胡说八道，胡扯

7．acid adj.    酸(性)的

8．bacteria n.    细菌

(二)背重点单词——写对才行　

1．clone v.   克隆

2．chase v.   追逐，追赶，追踪

3．emotion n.    感情；情绪

4．murder v.    谋杀

5．refuse v.   拒绝

6．contrast v.   对照

7．rush v.   冲，猛冲

8．upbringing n.    抚育，养育

9．make­up n.    构成，构造

10．cure v.   治愈

11．virtue n.   道德上的优点，善行

12．flexible adj.    易适应的

13．regulation n.    法规，条例

14．sow v.    播种

15．analyse v.    分析

16．suspect n.    嫌疑人

17．arise v.   (问题、困难等)发生，出现

18．head n.    头目，领导

(三)背拓展单词——用准才行　

1．terrify v．使惊恐，使受惊吓→terrified adj.感到恐惧的→terrifying adj.令人害怕的

2．disgust v．使觉得恶心；使厌烦→disgusted adj.厌恶的；反感的→disgusting adj.令人厌恶的

3．breath n．呼吸→breathe v．呼吸→breathless adj.上气不接下气的，令人窒息的

4．fear v．& n．害怕，恐惧→fearful adj.担心的，害怕的→fearless adj.无畏的

5．gene n．基因→genetic adj.基因的；遗传学的→genetics n．遗传学

6．identify v．确定，鉴定，识别，确定身份→identification n. 身份证明，鉴定，识别，认同→identical adj. 完全相同的，同一的

7．benefit n．& v．利益；有益于；受益→beneficial adj.有益的，有用的

8．imagine v．想象，设想→imaginary adj.假想的，虚构的→imagination n．想象力

9．resist v．抵抗，抗拒；忍住→resistant adj.有抵抗力的，抵制的→resistance n．抵抗，抗拒；抵抗力

10．company n．陪同，陪伴→accompany v．陪同，陪伴→companion n．伙伴，同伴

11．absorb v．吸收；吸引→absorbing adj.吸引人的→absorption n．吸收；全神贯注，专心致志

12．violent adj.暴力的；猛烈的→violence n．暴力

[语境活用]

1．Faced with this somewhat terrifying figure, the boys had lost their tongues, who were obviously terrified. (terrify)

2．I’m disgusted with what she said, which is rather disgusting. (disgust)

3．After the breathless days slipped by, he found it easier to breathe freely. (breath)

4．According to the genetics,_the animals of the same species is likely to change from each other, and the differences are not probably genetic. (gene)

5．Personal contact is beneficial to the promotion of understanding, which also has many other benefits than telephone contact. (benefit)

6．The book is absorbing and the absorption in one’s reading is quite necessary if he wants to gain success. (absorb)

(四)背高频单词——先“记牢”再“用活”，不背绝对不行

1．beneficial adj.有益的，有用的

2．absorb v．吸收；吸引(某人)注意力；使专心；理解，掌握

(五)背短语词块——表达出彩，需多积词块才行

单元短语再认再现

1．burn_out 　　　　　　　　　 (火)燃尽，烧完自灭，烧毁

2．break_down   分解，发生故障；(身体)垮掉

3．treat_...as   把……当成……对待

4．get_out_of_control   摆脱控制

5．rely_on   依靠，依赖

6．as_follows   如下

7．as_far_as_we_know   据我们所知

8．bring_...back_to_life   使……复活

9．be_beneficial_to   对……有益处

10．in_favor_of   支持，赞同，有利于

11．contrast_with   与……形成对照

12．throw_oneself_on_...   扑倒在……上

13．again_and_again   一再，屡次

14．by_mistake   错误地

重点短语拓展用活

1．get/run out of control摆脱控制，失去控制

2．break down分解；(机器等)出故障；(身体等)垮掉；(精神等)崩溃；消除；失败

二、背佳句与佳作

(一)背写作佳句——多“输入”才能巧“输出”

教材内句式举一反三

1．While studying at university, he discovers the secret of how to create life.(while引导的时间状语从句的省略)

还在上大学时，他就发现了怎样创造生命的秘密。

2．I wish I had not created this creature, I wish I was on the other side of the world, I wish I could disappear! (wish后接宾语从句，常用虚拟语气)

但愿我没有制造出那个家伙，但愿我身处世界的另一边，但愿我可以消失无踪！

同主题佳句熟读成诵

1．With the rapid development of science and technology, a variety of high­tech products have spilled over into each field in living.

随着科学技术的迅速发展，各种各样的高科技产品渗透到生活中的各个领域。

2．In the last decades, it is advances in medical technology that have made it possible for people to live longer than in the past.

在过去的几十年间，是医疗技术的进步使得人们比过去活的时间更长成为可能。

3．When a new product comes into being, it must be tested out before it is put into use.

当有新产品问世时，在投入使用之前，一定要进行检验。

(二)背满分作文——好习作就靠“仿效”和“背诵”

本辑学点——新闻报道(一)

　　 　[题目要求]

(2020·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)假定你是李华，上周日你校举办了5公里越野赛跑活动。请你为校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括：

1．参加人员；

2．跑步路线：从校门口到南山脚下；

3．活动反响。

注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；

2．请按如下格式作答。

A Cross­Country Running Race

[背范文]

A Cross­Country Running Race

Last Sunday witnessed an extraordinary cross­country running race, which drew the attention of every student and teacher of our school. Many students selected from every class took part in the competition.

The route measures five kilometers, from our school gate to the foot of Nanshan Mountain. Runners tried their best to finish the competition, with their classmates along the way giving them necessary help as well as encouragement. At last, all the runners managed to arrive at the finish line, receiving cheers from all the directions.

The activity was highly spoken of, because not only did it provide a chance for us to exercise, but also made us more united.

[学亮点]

1．学谋篇布局

2．学亮丽开头

开头运用拟人化的写作手法，用动词witness形象地引出了越野赛这一主题，并用which引导的非限制性定语从句解释说明了此次越野赛的影响。运用过去分词作定语的结构说明参赛人员的身份。

3．学高级表达

(1)使用高级词汇和语块，如：witness, extraordinary, draw the attention of, as well as, be highly spoken of等。

(2)熟练使用高级句式，如：非限制性定语从句which drew the attention of ...；过去分词短语作定语selected from every class；with复合结构with their classmates along the way giving ...；现在分词短语作状语receiving cheers from all the directions；倒装句not only did it provide a chance ...等，这些也是文章的亮点之处。

4．学精彩结尾

结尾使用be highly spoken of，并结合以not only开头的倒装结构，充分说明了大家对这次越野赛的评价很高。

5．防微点失分

考生容易在“Many students selected from every class took part in the competition.”中的selected前加一个who或were，或把“The activity was highly spoken of, because ...”中的介词of漏掉，从而导致失分。

学案(一)　重点单词的查漏补缺——打牢必备知识

[全面练——练清易错微点]

Ⅰ.单词拼写

1．From the standpoint of technology, is it possible to clone (克隆) humans?

2.I hope her emotional (情绪的) wound will heal with the passing of time.

3．In contrast (对比，对照) to the surroundings, she was young, pretty and brisk.

4．It is inconvenient for us to ride the buses at rush  (交通拥挤时间) hours.

5．To be honest, it’s not a virtue (善行) to speak ill of others in private.

6．All the passengers, according to the new regulation (条例), are to be inspected before boarding the subway.

Ⅱ.根据语境写出加蓝部分的汉语意思

1．Some experts think reading is the fundamental  skill upon which school education depends.                                                                                    基本的

2．The operation itself is a brief, painless procedure, but the old man was rather nervous.                                                                                     过程，程序

3．In order to appear younger and more beautiful, millions of females use cosmetics, often called “make­up”．                                                                                    化妆品

4．In some countries grandparents play a big part in children’s upbringing.

      抚育，养育

5．This year I was chosen as the vice monitor of the class.    副的

6．(熟词生义)(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)To make sure you get enough Vitamin D — but still protect your skin — put on sunscreen right as you head outside.                                           朝(某方向)行进

Ⅲ.单句语法填空

1．When he climbed onto the top of the hill, he took a deep breath to breathe the fresh air. (breathe)

2．The little girl has a pet dog, and it is a good companion because it keeps her company all the time, and even accompanies her to school. (accompany)

3．The traffic accident that happened yesterday terrified Mary. It was really a terrifying experience to her, and now she is still terrified at the thought of taking a bus. (terrify)

4．“Oh！” Burns replied with a disgusted expression on her face, so we can know the matter disgusted her a lot. (disgust)

5．He had such a fearful appearance that one look at him would fill you with fear.(fear)

6.Analyse the maths problem carefully and your careful analysis will help you find the solution to it. (analyse)

名师点拨“一站清”

(1)emotion的形容词形式为emotional“情感的，情绪激动的，感动人心的”。名词后加­al变为形容词是一种常见的构词法，这样的词有：person→personal, profession→professional, form→formal, addition→additional, education→educational, nature→natural, music→musical。

(2)analyse还可以写成analyze，其名词为analysis，名词的复数形式为analyses。

[重点练——深化高频考点]

1．beneficial　

[明其义]

 adj.有益的，有用的

[通其用]

(1)单句语法填空

①There is no doubt that we have benefited a lot from the Internet in our daily life.

②The change is beneficial (benefit) in some ways but not in others.

(2)一句多译

一个和谐的家庭对于孩子的个人成长是有益的。

③A harmonious family is_of_benefit_to a child’s personal development.(benefit)

④A harmonious family is_beneficial_to a child’s personal development.(beneficial)

[解其困]

benefit既可以作动词(后常跟介词from)，也可以作名词使用。表示对某人有益时，后跟介词to。

2．absorb　

[明其义]

 v．吸收；吸引(某人)注意力；使专心；理解，掌握

[通其用]

(1)单句语法填空

①He sat down to study the article and became absorbed (absorb)．

②Certain chemicals are easily absorbed into the bloodstream, while others are not.

(2)句式升级

③Tom was so absorbed in his work that he forgot to inform me of the time of the meeting.

→So_absorbed_was_Tom_in_his_work_that he forgot to inform me of the time of the meeting.(用so ...that ...的倒装句)

→Absorbed_in_his_work,_Tom forgot to inform me of the time of the meeting.(分词作状语)

[解其困]

表示“全神贯注于……”的短语还有：focus on “集中于，关注”； concentrate on“集中于， 专心于”； fix one’s attention on “把注意力集中在”； devote oneself to “致力于”； bury oneself in “埋头于”； be addicted to “沉溺于；专注于”。

学案(二)　词块、句式的活学活用——强化关键能力

[词块的验收盘点]

Ⅰ.词块点点练——选词填空

burn out， break down， treat ...as， get out of control， rely on， as follows， as far as we know， bring ...back to life， be beneficial to，  in favor of

1.Generally speaking, charities rely_on voluntary donations/contributions.

2．Because of the influence of the virus, we are all in_favor_of an extension of the next term.

3．You’ll burn yourself out if you work too hard, so you should not be that worried.

4.The computer system broke_down suddenly while he was searching for information on the Internet.

5.Would you like to take notes? From now onwards my address will be as_follows.

6．Whether the plan would be_beneficial_to raising people’s living standard, we should carry it out.

7．At first they seemed to treat it as a passing phenomenon.

8．Many people want to get out of the country, where the situation of virus seems to be out_of_control.

9．As_far_as_we_know,_the earth is the only planet with life on it.

10.All knowledge and techniques of modern medicine cannot bring a dead person back_to_life.

名师点拨“一站清”

(1)rely on“依靠，依赖”，其同义短语还有：depend on “取决于，依赖，依靠”；count on “指望，依靠”。

(2)break down“出故障”，其他关于down的短语有：get down “下来”；slow down “减速，放慢速度”；fall down “跌倒，倒塌”；sit down “坐下”；look down upon “看不起”；turn down “调低声音，拒绝”；write down “写下，记下”。

(3)as follows“如下”，follow除了表示“跟随”之外，还可以表示“理解，明白”。

(4)bring ...back to life“使……复活”，其他表示“苏醒，醒来”的词块有：come to one’s life, come back to one’s life，wake up。

Ⅱ.易错对对碰——辨析比较

1．treat as VS treat with

2．under control VS out of control VS under the control of

Ⅲ.多义比比看——一词多义

(写出下列各句中break down的含义)

①His health broke down at last; I think it was because he had overworked.               垮掉

②The two countries are going to meet to break down some barriers to trade between them.                                                                                                  消除

③Sugar and starch are broken down in the stomach.      分解

④For example, if you were late because your car broke down, maybe you need to have your car examined more regularly.                                                                                                  出故障

[句式的验收盘点]

wish后的宾语从句，常用虚拟语气　

[通其用]

补全句子

①He wished he hadn’t_done it.

他希望他没做过这事。

②I wish she were_not_married.

我真希望她没结婚。

③(2020·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)“I wish we could_help him to earn money，” said Clara.

Clara说：“我希望我们能帮他挣钱。”

④How I wish they were_at_home at this moment.

此时我真希望他们能在家。

[解其困]

wish 后接宾语从句时，从句谓语通常要用虚拟语气：

(1)若表示与现在事实相反的愿望，从句谓语用一般过去时或过去进行时；

(2)若表示与过去相反的愿望，从句谓语用过去完成时或would/could＋have＋过去分词；

(3)若表示将来没有把握或不太可能实现的愿望，用would (could)＋动词原形。

学案(三)　高考语篇的价值发掘——提升学科素养

2018天津高考·阅读理解C篇——对接课标主题：社会热点问题

（一）精读真题——拓展语言能力　(语篇中蓝体词汇为主题词汇，请注意积累并揣摩其用法)

[1]There’s a new frontier① in 3D printing that’s beginning to come into focus: food. Recent development has made possible machines that print, cook, and serve foods on a mass scale. And the industry isn’t stopping there.

Food production

[2]With a 3D printer, a cook can print complicated chocolate sculptures and beautiful pieces for decoration on a wedding cake.   — it takes years of experience, but a printer makes it easy. A restaurant in Spain uses a Foodini to “re­create forms and pieces” of food that are “exactly the same，” freeing cooks to complete other tasks. In another restaurant, all of the dishes and desserts it serves② are 3D­printed, rather  than farm to table.

Sustainability (可持续性)

[3]The global population is expected to grow to 9.6 billion by 2050, and some analysts estimate that food production will need to be raised by 50 percent to maintain current③ levels. Sustainability is becoming a necessity. 3D food printing could probably contribute to the solution. Some experts believe printers could use hydrocolloids (水解胶体) from plentiful renewables④ like algae (藻类) and grass to replace the familiar ingredients (烹饪原料).3D printing can reduce fuel use and emissions. Grocery stores of the future might stock “food” that lasts years on end, freeing up shelf space and reducing transportation and storage requirements.

Nutrition

[4]Future 3D food printers could make processed food healthier. Hod Lipson, a professor at Columbia University, said, “Food printing could allow consumers to print food with customized nutritional content, like vitamins. So instead of eating a piece of yesterday’s bread from the supermarket, you’d eat something baked just for you on demand.”

Challenges

[5]Despite recent advancements in 3D food printing, the industry has many challenges to overcome. Currently, most ingredients must be changed to a paste (糊状物) before a printer can use them, and the printing process is quite time­consuming, because ingredients interact with each other in very complex ways. On top of that, most of the 3D food printers now are restricted⑤ to dry ingredients, because meat and milk products may easily go bad. Some experts are skeptical about 3D food printers, believing they are better suited for fast food restaurants than homes and high­end restaurants.

［析微点·厚积语言基础］

①微积累——词海拾贝

frontier n．　　　　 前沿；边界

词源：front  n.   前面

adj.   前面的

adv.   在前面

微语法——句子(1)not与everybody连用，构成部分否定句。

句意：并非所有人可以做到。

②微积累——熟词生义：serve

v．服务；可用作 (熟义)

v．(给客人)提供，端上 (生义)

serve as　可用作

③微积累——重难词汇

current adj.   流通的；最近的

current situation   现状，目前形势

④构词法——形容词后缀­able“能……的”

renewable adj.   可再生的；可更新的

movable adj.   可移动的

changeable adj.   可变化的

adaptable adj.   可适应的

微技法——概括文章主旨的方法：

先看首尾段或各段开头，再看全文找主题句，若无明显主题句，就通过关键词句来概括；文中出现两种或两种以上的不同观点时，务必牢记作者的观点才是体现全文中心的。

⑤微积累——restrict

restrict vt.   限制；限定

be restricted to   仅限于；局限于

[理脉络——内化读文规律]

（二）解析真题——感悟素养立意　

[考什么·怎么考——真题再做]

46．What benefit does 3D printing bring to food production?

A．It helps cooks to create new dishes.

B．It saves time and effort in cooking.

C．It improves the cooking conditions.

D．It contributes to restaurant decorations.

解析：选B　推理判断题。根据Food production标题下的第二句“it takes years of experience, but a printer makes it easy”可知，利用3D打印机打印食物省时省力，故答案为B。

47．What can we learn about 3D food printing from Paragraph 3?

A．It solves food shortages easily.

B．It quickens the transportation of food.

C．It needs no space for the storage of food.

D．It uses renewable materials as sources of food.

解析：选D　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Some experts believe printers could use hydrocolloids (水解胶体) from plentiful renewables like algae (藻类) and grass to replace the familiar ingredients (烹饪原料)．”可知，3D打印机可以使用可再生的原料作为食物来源。故选D。

48．According to Paragraph 4, 3D­printed food________.

A．is more available to consumers

B．can meet individual nutritional needs

C．is more tasty than food in supermarkets

D．can keep all the nutrition in raw materials

解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Food printing could allow consumers to print food with customized nutritional content, like vitamins.”可知，3D打印机打印食物可以满足个人的营养需求，故答案为B。

49．What is the main factor that prevents 3D food printing from spreading widely?

A．The printing process is complicated.

B．3D food printers are too expensive.

C．Food materials have to be dry.

D．Some experts doubt 3D food printing.

解析：选C　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“On top of that, most of the 3D food printers now are restricted to dry ingredients”可知，选项C正确。

50．What could be the best title of the passage?

A．3D Food Printing: Delicious New Technology

B．A New Way to Improve 3D Food Printing

C．The Challenges for 3D Food Production

D．3D Food Printing: From Farm to Table

解析：选A　标题归纳题。本文介绍了3D食物打印机的相关信息，谈到其发展现状，它使用的原料有利于食物的可持续发展，人们可以根据自己的营养需求来私人定制食物，但是其发展也受到某些限制。故应选A项“3D食物打印：美味的新技术”。

[为什么考·有何价值——导向解读]

一、发展思维品质

文中第50题主要考查学生的概括性思维。文章介绍了3D打印技术的新发展——打印食物，并围绕这个主题介绍了这一应用技术的优点，也提及了它面临的挑战。概括分析文章各段内容可知答案应为A项“3D食物打印：美味的新科技”。本文中没有提到B项“改善3D食物打印的新办法”；C项是本文的一部分内容，D项的“3D食物打印：从农场走向餐桌”不符合文章的内容。学生在做此类题目时，应从宏观着手，全面综合考虑文章的内容，而不能只看局部忽略了整体。

二、聚焦核心价值

本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了3D食物打印机的相关信息，旨在引领学生了解与生活息息相关的科技发明成果，关注科技发展形势，让学生意识到掌握科学技术对建设繁荣中国的重要性。当前，以信息科学、信息技术为主要标志的世界科技革命正在形成新的高潮，“知识经济”已经进入人类文明发展的历史进程当中，科学技术实力成为衡量国家综合国力强弱的重要标志。

（三）借力真题——发掘学习能力　

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1．He firmly believes that education and a country’s economic development (develop) are key factors to progress.

2．The situation is_more_complicated (complicate) than we had expected.

3．There are good opportunities for advancement (advance) if you have the right skills.

4．He has carried out a research into renewable (renew) energy sources.

5．Currently (current), over 500 students are enrolled on the course.

Ⅱ.补全句子

1．All_the_students_are_not/Not_all_the_students_are (并非所有学生) good at English.

2. The policy is_restricted_to (仅限于) help the developing countries.

3．The sofa will serve_as (充当) a bed for a night or two.

Ⅲ.分析长难句

　Recent development has made possible machines that print, cook, and serve foods on a mass scale.

[句式解构]　本句是含有一个定语从句的主从复合句。句子主语是Recent development，谓语动词是has_made。其中that 引导定语从句，修饰先行词machines，在从句中作主语。

[句意翻译]　最新的发展使可用于大规模打印、烹制和供应食品的机器出现了。

Ⅳ.主题语境写作

请你就科技发展的利弊写一篇小短文，发表一下自己的观点。

注意：1.词数100左右；

2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

参考范文：

With the development of science and technology, people’s lives have been greatly changed. There is no doubt that we benefit a lot in many different ways.For instance, the invention of computers dramatically increases efficiency and helps complete many difficult tasks. However, just like a double­edged sword，technology can cause problems too. It is known to all that the nuclear power can be developed into a deadly weapon. As a matter of fact, many improvements in technology have done great harm to our environment.

Therefore, how to deal with the progress of technology properly is worth our careful consideration.

课下主题训练社会热点问题

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A Dutch company has developed technology to follow the movements and activities of cows. The high­tech system, powered by AI and motion sensors, is called “the Intelligent Dairy Farmer’s Assistant”. The company, Connecterra, launched the system in the United States in December after several years of testing and operation in Europe.

A device is put around the neck of the cow to record its movements. This information is then processed by a computer that uses AI to learn about the animal’s behavior over time. The system can tell farmers what the cow is doing in real time. This information can help predict when cattle get sick, become less productive or are ready for mating.

Richard Watson owns the Seven Oaks Dairy in Waynesboro, Georgia. He was one of the first American farmers to use the high­tech system.

“It can pick up whether the cow is eating, whether it is walking, whether it is drinking, whether it is lying down, standing up.”

Richard said the system is a big help because it is impossible for farmers to keep up with the activities of each cow individually. He added that having a computer identify which of his 2,000 cattle need attention could help improve farm productivity by up to 10 percent. He estimated this difference could greatly increase his profits.

“Just a 10 percent or 5 percent increase or improvement in productivity means hundreds of thousands of dollars to us, aside from the fact that we just want happier, healthier and more welfare of our animals, anyway.”

The founder and head of Connecterra is Yasir Khokhar. He said the idea for the system came while he was living on a dairy farm in the south of Amsterdam.

“It turns out that the technology farmers use is really outdated in many aspects，” Yasir Khokhar told the Associated Press. “Most of the technology that does exist is difficult to use and modern agriculture greatly needs new technology like this，” he added.

The company says information about the cows can be collected and seen on a cellphone or other mobile devices. A text message can also inform farmers of concerns involving the animals.

语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。一家荷兰公司开发出了跟踪奶牛运动和活动的“智能奶农助手”的技术。文章说明了这个高科技系统的工作原理、人们对此的评价和看法，以及创始人开发这个高科技系统的原因。

1．How does “The Intelligent Dairy Farmer’s Assistant” help farmers?

A．By giving alarms to farmers.

B．By focusing farmers’ attention on cattle.

C．By sending real time information about cows to farmers.

D．By telling farmers which cow is less productive or ready to mate.

解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第二段前三句可知，“智能奶农助手”通过向农民发送关于奶牛的实时信息来帮助奶农。故选C项。

2．What’s Richard Watson’s attitude towards the high­tech system?

A．Indifferent.　　　　　　　　 B．Neutral.

C．Passive.   D．Confident.

解析：选D　推理判断题。根据第五段内容可推知，Richard Watson认为这个系统帮了很大的忙，他对其很有信心。故选D项。

3．Why did Yasir Khokhar come up with the idea of the high­tech system?

A．Because he once lived on a dairy farm.

B．Because some agricultural technologies were out of date.

C．Because he wanted to increase the income of farmers.

D．Because some farming systems turned out to be a failure.

解析：选B　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段内容可知，Yasir Khokhar提出了这个高科技系统的想法是因为一些农业技术已经过时了，并且大部分现有的技术很难使用。故选B项。

4．What does the passage mainly talk about?

A．Modern agriculture in America.

B．Ways of raising cows more efficiently.

C．A Dutch company known as a high­tech system.

D．“Smart Farm” technology tracking behavior of cows.

解析：选D　主旨大意题。根据第一段前两句内容可知，一家荷兰公司已经开发出跟踪奶牛的运动和活动的技术。这个由人工智能和运动传感器驱动的高科技系统被称为“智能奶农助手”。故选D项。

Ⅱ.完形填空

The Person Who Influenced Me the Most

I opened the box and took out the shining gold bracelet. “For me？” I could barely talk. “Yes, of course，” said my Aunt Estelle. I really shouldn’t have been __1__ because she was like that, unexpected and golden.

When I was younger, I knew that I could always go to my Aunt Estelle for comfort, advice and __2__. She was my best friend and my guardian angel. I could always be __3__ with her and tell her anything that was on my mind. She also knew when I was trying to __4__ something. Aunt Estelle gave me advice when it was sought and guided me __5__ many difficulties.

Last December, I was faced with one of the most difficult __6__ I ever had to make in my life. She was dying of cancer and I was __7__ to go to Israel for two weeks for a research project.__8__， I sought Aunt Estelle’s advice but for the __9__ time I didn’t like her response.When I went to the hospital to visit her for what turned out to be the last time, she was waiting for me with a book about Israel on her bed and made it very clear that she __10__ me to go — that it was her greatest wish for me to go — how could I __11__ her. Aunt Estelle was the most unselfish person I ever knew and would not even consider my __12__ in going. She called me __13__ I left for Israel to tell me that she loved me and that she would always be with me.

I went to Israel and had the time of my life. When I returned, my parents __14__ me up. I told them I couldn’t wait to tell Aunt Estelle about my journey. They became __15__ and I knew before they said the words that she had died. Aunt Estelle’s unselfishness was her greatest __16__.

The gold bracelet she gave me for my sixteenth birthday was the one that I had always admired. Each time I look at it I am __17__ of an even greater gift from my aunt, the gift of her __18__.

Whenever I find myself becoming too self­centered and __19__ the needs of those around me, I recall her selflessness and __20__ to follow her example to make the needs of others a priority.

语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了我最亲近的姑姑在罹患癌症即将不久于人世之时，仍然支持我去以色列参加研究项目的故事。姑姑以她的无私影响着我，教会我要把他人的需求放在首位。

1．A.annoyed　　　　　　　　 B．puzzled

C．surprised   D．worried

解析：选C　根据上文可知，当我收到我姑姑送给我的金手镯的时候我很惊讶，而此空对应上文表达的意思，应该是我不应该那么“惊讶”， 因为我姑姑就是这样的，所以选C项。

2．A.support   B．fund

C．knowledge   D．pleasure

解析：选A　在我小的时候，我总可以从我姑姑那里寻求安慰、建议和“支持”。根据句意和and可知，本空应填与comfort, advice两词语义相近的词，故选A。

3．A.careful   B．content

C．familiar   D．honest

解析：选D　上一句说我姑姑是我最好的朋友，是我的守护天使。下一句说的是我可以告诉她我的一切想法，由此可推知我总是可以和我姑姑“坦诚相待”，故选D项。

4．A.avoid   B．hide

C．win   D．control

解析：选B　本段都在说明我和我姑姑关系亲密，可以无话不谈。本句从反面说明这一点，即当我试图“隐瞒”什么事的时候，我姑姑也能发觉，故选B。

5．A.through  B．with

C．off  D．over

解析：选A　本空的意思是我姑姑指引我渡过了很多难关。“指引某人渡过难关”为guide sb. through difficulties，故选A。

6．A.suggestions   B．choices

C．changes   D．plans

解析：选B　阅读下文可知，本句话的意思是：我面临着人生中最困难的“选择”之一，即是去以色列做研究项目还是留下来陪重病的姑姑。根据句意可知选B项。

7．A.guided   B．persuaded

C．determined   D．scheduled

解析：选D　我姑姑因为癌症即将不久于人世而我却原计划要在此时去以色列两周。schedule表示“排定，预定”，这个词最能体现作者为什么做决定如此困难。故选D。

8．A.Suddenly   B．Obviously

C．Naturally   D．Luckily

解析：选C　根据上文可知，我和姑姑的关系亲密，任何困难我都会征求她的意见。而当我面对这样一个困难的选择，“很自然地”，我也会去征求姑姑的意见，故选C。

9．A.first   B．only

C．next   D．last

解析：选A　根据上文描述可推知，我总去征求姑姑的意见，因为姑姑的意见每次都会让我满意。而由此空前的but可知，此空应体现语义上的转折，即我“第一次”不喜欢姑姑的回答，故选A。

10．A.ordered   B．allowed

C．expected   D．inspired

解析：选C　姑姑的床上有一本关于以色列的书，这就清楚地表明姑姑“希望”我去。故选C。

11．A.stop   B．refuse

C．blame   D．surprise

解析：选B　姑姑的举动表明我去以色列是她最大的愿望，我怎么能够“拒绝”她。故选B。

12．A.confusion   B．thought

C．project   D．hesitation

解析：选D　我姑姑是我知道的最无私的人，甚至不会顾忌我在“犹豫”要不要去，故选D。

13．A.before   B．until

C．after   D．since

解析：选A　根据下文“I went to Israel and had the time of my life.”可推知，上文所述应该是作者还没有去以色列的事，所以应该是去“之前”给我打电话，故选A。

14．A.lifted   B．picked

C．cheered   D．brought

解析：选B　当我回来时，我父母来接我。pick sb. up“接某人”，故选B。

15．A.silent   B．nervous

C．relaxed   D．shocked

解析：选A　由后文“I knew before they said the words that she had died”可推知，当我迫不及待地想要向姑姑讲述旅途经历时，父母“沉默”了，他们还没来得及说话我就意识到姑姑已经去世了，故选A。

16．A.dream   B．reward

C．gift   D．honor

解析：选C　根据倒数第二段中的“an even greater gift from my aunt”可知选C。姑姑的无私是她(留下的)最好的“礼物”。

17．A.convinced   B．reminded

C．informed   D．told

解析：选B　每当我看到姑姑送给我的金手镯时，我就会想起姑姑给我的更好的礼物。remind“使想起”。

18．A.interest   B．patience

C．love   D．effort

解析：选C　由上文所述可知，姑姑留给我的更好的礼物是她的“爱”。故选C。

19．A.feeling   B．discovering

C．satisfying   D．overlooking

解析：选D　根据此空前的and可知， 此处应与self­centered语义相近，即“忽视”周围人的需求，故选D。

20．A.demand   B．agree

C．prefer   D．attempt

解析：选D　我会回想起我姑姑的无私并“尝试”以她为榜样，把他人的需求放在首位，故选D。

Ⅲ.语法填空

COVID­19 is a new __1__ (ill) and scientists are still studying the best ways to control it. Defeating COVID­19, __2__， is not only the job of scientists and doctors. People have an important role to play in the battle. The best way to help prevent the virus __3__ (spread) is by protecting yourself and staying healthy.

Scientists are now sure that COVID­19 is passed between people through coughing and sneezing. The virus travels through the air and can be breathed in by people nearby. It may also land __4__ surfaces of tables or chairs. If these surfaces __5__ (touch), the virus may be on your hands. Touching your eyes or mouth with __6__ (wash) hands can let the virus enter your body.

__7__ (protect) yourself and others, wear a mask at all times when out in public. This stops healthy people from breathing in COVID­19 and __8__ (reduce) the amount of the virus ill people send into the air. Most importantly, wash your hands carefully and frequently, especially __9__ you are outside your home.

COVID­19 is undoubtedly a serious social challenge, but if we all contribute and behave __10__ (responsible), it is one that we can overcome.

语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。新型冠状病毒肺炎是一种新的疾病，现在被正式命名为COVID­19，科学家们仍在研究控制它的最佳方法。文章介绍了一些有助于预防病毒传播的方法。

1．illness　考查名词。根据a new 可知，此处应用单数名词illness，表示“疾病”，故填illness。

2．however　考查副词。结合语境可知，此处上下文之间构成转折关系，故填副词however。

3．spreading　考查非谓语动词。固定短语prevent ... (from) doing sth. 意为“阻止……做某事”，介词from后跟动名词作宾语，from可以省略。

4．on　考查介词。land on为固定搭配，意为“降落在……上”。

5．are touched　考查动词的时态、语态及主谓一致。本句中主语these surfaces与动词touch构成被动关系，故用被动语态，描述客观事实用一般现在时，又因为主语为these surfaces，谓语动词应用复数形式，故填are touched。

6．unwashed　考查形容词。修饰名词hands且表示“未洗的”应用形容词unwashed。

7. To protect　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处应用不定式作目的状语，且句首字母要大写，故填To protect。

8．reduces　考查主谓一致。此处and连接两个并列谓语，根据上文“This stops healthy people from breathing in COVID­19”可知，此处应用一般现在时，且主语为This，谓语动词应使用第三人称单数形式，故填reduces。

9．when　考查状语从句。此处引导时间状语从句，表示“当……的时候”，故应用when。

10．responsibly　考查副词。修饰动词behave应用副词responsibly，表示“负责地”。