外研版高考英语必修4二轮复习Module3BodyLanguageandNon_verbalCommunication课件+学案+训练

Module 3 Body Language and Non­verbal Communication

一、背单词与词块

(一)背阅读单词——会认就行

(背诵时遮住右侧汉语，先自主翻译，后比对词义)

1．weapon n．　　　　　　　　　 武器

2．gesture n.   姿势；姿态

3．forehead n.   前额

4．bow vi.  鞠躬

5．youth n.   年轻人

6．palm n.   手掌

(二)背重点单词——写对才行

1．formal adj.    正式的

2．aggressive adj.    攻击的；挑斗的；挑衅的

3．deal n.    协议；交易

4．involve vt.    包括

5．slightly adv.    轻微地；稍微

6．spread vi.    张开

7．hug vt.    紧抱；拥抱

8．stare vi.    凝视；盯着看

9．wipe v.    擦；抹；揩

10．religion n.    宗教

11．blank adj.    空白的

12．panic v.    恐慌；惊慌

13．rude adj.    粗鲁的；无礼的

14．invitation n.    邀请

15．request n.    请求；要求

16．live adj.    现场的

17．informal adj.    非正式的

18．social adj.   社会的

(三)背拓展单词——用准才行

1．communicate vi.(用语言、信号)传递信息；交流；传达→communication n．交流；沟通→communicative adj.乐意沟通的

2．vary vi.变化；(大小、形状等)相异→various adj.各种各样的→variety n．变化；多样化；种类→variable adj.易变的；变化的

3．tradition n．传统→traditional adj.传统的→traditionally adv.传统地

4．threat n．威胁→threaten vt.威胁→threatening adj.恐吓的；具有威胁的→threatened adj.受到威胁的

5．conscious adj.意识到的；自觉的→unconscious adj.无意识的；不知不觉的

6．favour n．恩惠；善意的行为；支持；赞同→favourable adj.赞同的；有利的→favourite n．特别喜爱的人(或事物) adj.特别受喜爱的

7．perform v．表演→performance n．表演→performer n．表演者

8．equal adj.平等的；相等的→equally adv.平等地；相等地→equality n．平等

[语境活用]

1．I asked your sister  to communicate my wishes to you because she was considered to be communicative_then. (communicate)

2．Because the products were various in shape and color, the charges varied from 5 yuan to 10 yuan. (vary)

3．The threatening skies seems to predict a fierce storm, which makes us threatened a lot. (threaten)

4．Although playing basketball is my favourite,_some of my classmates are in favour of it, and some others dislike it. (favour)

5．Men and women enjoy equal pay for they have equally conducted their work. (equal)

(四)背高频单词——先“记牢”再“用活”，不背绝对不行

1．vary vi.变化；不同；(大小、形状等)相异vt.变更；改变

2．request n．& vt.请求；要求

3．favour n．恩惠；善意的行为；赞同，支持；帮助；喜爱；偏爱，偏袒vt.较喜欢；偏袒；有利于

(五)背短语词块——表达出彩，需多积词块才行

单元短语再认再现

1．shake_hands_with　　　　 与……握手

2．make_a_deal    达成协议；做成交易

3．give_away    暴露(自己的情况)；捐赠

4．up_and_down    一上一下地；起起落落；来来回回

5．by_accident    偶然地

6．say_hello_to    向……问好

7．on_guard    (保持)警惕

8．hold_up   举起；阻碍；承受住

9．lift_up    举起；抬起

10．switch_on    打开(灯、无线电等)

重点短语拓展用活

1．hold up举起；拿起；支撑；承受住；延迟；耽搁；阻碍；举例

2．give away暴露(自己的情况)；泄露(秘密)；赠送；捐赠；颁发；丧失

二、背佳句与佳作

(一)背写作佳句——多“输入”才能巧“输出”

教材内句式举一反三

1．Although these are very important, we communicate with more than just spoken and written words.(“more than＋n.”表示“不仅仅是；不只是”)

尽管这些很重要，但我们并不只通过口头和书面语言交流。

2．One person then holds up his hand, palm outwards and five fingers spread. (独立主格结构作状语)

然后一个人举起他的手，手掌向外，五指展开。

同主题佳句熟读成诵

1．Not all cultures greet each other the same way, nor are they comfortable in the same way with touching or distance between people.各种文化背景下的人互致问候的方式不尽相同，身体接触和相互间距的程度也不尽相同。

2．Most people around the world now greet each other by shaking hands, but some cultures use other greetings as well, such as the Japanese, who prefer to bow.

现在世界上多数人见面要握手相互问候，但有些文化(背景的人)会采取另外一些问候方式，比如日本人更愿意鞠躬。

3．The most universal facial expression is, of course, the smile — its function is to show happiness and put people at ease.

微笑当然是最普遍通用的面部表情，它的作用是表示快乐和安人心境。

(二)背满分作文——好习作就靠“仿效”和“背诵”

本辑学点——投诉信(一)

[题目要求]

假定你是李华，在国外作为交换生学习的你最近在使用某付费学习网站时发现了一些令你不太满意的地方，因此，你要向网站的负责人写一封投诉信，内容包括：

1．投诉原因；　2.提出希望。

注意：1.词数100左右；

2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

[背范文]

Dear Sir/Madam，

I'm Li Hua, a member of your website. Recently I have met with some problems when using it. I'm writing to make a complaint.

To begin with, some contents aren't updated in time, which makes it impossible for me to learn about the latest materials related to my present lessons at school. To make matters worse, sometimes I'm given “404”， which means that it is impossible for me to visit the website.Much to my dissatisfaction, I find some reading materials improper for us high school students to read. Personally, I think your service needs to be improved to live up to the users' expectations.

I'm in the hope that you will take the matter seriously and make an effort to solve the problems. Your early reply will be appreciated.

Yours respectfully，

Li Hua

[学亮点]

1．学谋篇布局

2．学亮丽开头

开头先作了自我介绍，交代身份。然后交代要投诉的问题，最后点明写信的目的。语意层层递进，顺畅自然。

3．学高级表达

(1)使用高级语块，如：related to, to make matters worse, much to one's dissatisfaction, live up to the users' expectations, take the matter seriously, make an effort to等，提高了作文的档次。

(2)熟练使用高级句式，如：非限制性定语从句which makes it impossible ...和which means that it is impossible ...；过去分词短语作定语related to my present lessons at school；it作形式宾语which makes it impossible for me ...；it作形式主语it is impossible for me to visit the website等，为作文增色不少，也彰显了考生的语言功底。

4．学精彩结尾

结尾先使用I'm in the hope that you will ...表达了对问题解决的希望。然后以Your early reply will be appreciated.表达了对早日回复的期盼。表述简洁、实用。

5．学过渡衔接

衔接词recently, to begin with, to make matters worse, much to my dissatisfaction, personally等和过渡句I'm writing to make a complaint.的恰当运用，使得文章结构严谨，层层递进，读起来朗朗上口。

6．防微点失分

考生容易把“Recently I have met with some problems when using it.”中的when using it错误地表达为when used it，或在“...the latest materials related to my present lessons at school”中的related前加is，从而导致失分。

学案(一)　重点单词的查漏补缺——打牢必备知识

[全面练——练清易错微点]

Ⅰ.单词拼写

1．Wherever they are, without their weapons (武器) they were helpless.

2．This declaration was slightly (轻微的) ambiguous, which made the audience puzzled.

3．Although feeling rather angry, he made a bow (鞠躬) and left the room.

4．The little girl ran up to Santa and hugged (拥抱) him tightly.

5.He coloured a little, stared (盯着看) at her as if she had made a great mistake.

6．She stood up to wipe (擦去，揩去) the sweat off her face, and then carried on with her work.

Ⅱ.根据语境写出加黑部分的汉语意思

1．We attended their wedding with red packet, where all of us drank a toast to the bride and bridegroom.祝酒

2. What annoyed his parents was that he sprained his ankle when playing football._脚踝

3．West or east, laughing and joking are improper at a funeral.葬礼

4.They wrapped up the business deal in less than an hour, after which they had a golf game. 协议

5．He seems aggressive but at bottom he is kind and good­natured.好斗的，挑衅的

6．(熟词生义)She stared at me with a blank expression on her face.没表情的

7．(熟词生义)(2020·天津高考) Galileo was not merely ambitious when he dropped objects of varying weights from the Leaning Tower at Pisa and timed their fall to the ground.各种各样的

8．(熟词生义)(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)It is the program of the Summer Employment Opportunities that favors the disabled.对……有益

Ⅲ.单句语法填空

1．It is said that the conference will be opened formally (formal) on June 24.

2．(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)On reaching the farm, we were glad to see that the branches bent (bend) low with ripened fruits.

3．There is no such a country where complete religious (religion) toleration exists.

4．In society (social) he was a notable talker but in the classroom he is rather shy.

5.It is said that there are many infectious (infect) diseases in Africa in the past.

名师点拨“一站清”

(1)不同的“盯着看”：stare at表示“凝视，盯着看”；glare at表示“怒目而视”。

(2)deal可以用作名词，表示“交易，约定”，也可以用作动词，表示“买卖，对付，打交道”。其中表示“打交道”时，多与how搭配；而do with表示“打交道”时，多与what搭配。

(3)不同的“感染”：affect表示“影响，感染，感动”，更强调感情、情绪上的感动，其名词形式为effect，形容词形式为effective；infect表示“感染，传染”，更强调疾病的感染，其名词形式为infection，形容词形式为infectious。

[重点练——深化高频考点]

1．vary　

[明其义]

vi.变化；不同；(大小、形状等)相异 vt.变更；改变

[通其用]

单句语法填空

①One of the advantages is that we can find various (vary) topics, such as science, culture and history.

②The research team is made up of the pupils, whose ages vary from 10 to 15.

③There are varieties (variety) of reasons in favor of my opinion that a Chinese dictionary shouldn't include English words.

2．request

[明其义]

n．& vt.请求；要求

[通其用]

单句语法填空

①(2018·北京高考)At their request, I made a presentation to show them how to make tea.

②All the students are requested to_attend (attend) the annual school celebration.

③It is requested that all the visitors (should)_not_take (not, take) pictures of the exhibitions.

(2)句型转换

④All the articles are requested to be related to the students' life.

→It is requested that all the articles (should)_be_related_to the students' life.

[解其困]

request属于主观动词，其后跟that从句时，从句中需使用“should＋动词原形”构成的虚拟语气，其中should可以省略。

3．favour　

[明其义]

n．恩惠；善意的行为；赞同，支持；帮助；喜爱；偏爱，偏袒vt.较喜欢；偏袒；有利于

[通其用]

(1)写出下列各句中favour的含义

①We have to apply the same rules to everyone, showing no favour.偏爱，偏袒

②Chinese export commodities have enjoyed growing favour among buyers abroad.喜爱

③I want to ask a favour of you. Will you lend me your car？帮助

④I talked to Susie about travelling abroad, and she was all in favour of going abroad.赞同；支持

(2)单句语法填空

⑤Everyone present at the meeting was in favour of what he put forward.

⑥It used to be my favourite (favour) restaurant but the standard of cooking has fallen off recently.

⑦He made a favourable (favour) impression on his future colleagues.

学案(二)　词块、句式的活学活用——强化关键能力

[词块的验收盘点]

Ⅰ.词块点点练——选词填空

shake hands with， make a deal， give away， up and down， by accident， say hello to， on guard， lift up，  switch on， be rude to

1.In his spare time, he either listens to soft music to relax himself or switches_on the TV to watch news.

2．The salesgirl was_rude_to the customer, so the latter complained to the manager about it.

3.I think she hurt my feelings on purpose rather than by_accident as she claimed.

4．Don't mention that at the beginning of the story, or it may give_away the shocking ending.

5.To show our respect, we usually take our gloves off whoever we are to shake_hands_with.

6．The English teacher will stand at the school gate and say_hello_to every student as long as he is free in the morning.

7．Make_a_deal_with him, and then there is a chance that he could lead us to it.

8．A butterfly is flying up_and_down among the flowers.

9.At any time, we must be on_guard not to let the enemy spies worm in.

10．That scene is rather emergent when we'll have to lift_up the car to get her out.

名师点拨“一站清”

(1)switch除了作动词外，还可以作名词，表示“开关”。

(2)by accident为固定搭配，意为“偶然，意外地”，相当于by chance。注意介词的使用。

(3)shake hands with意为“和……握手”，注意hand需用复数形式。

(4)“on＋名词”构成的常见短语：

on duty在值班；on the left在左边；on foot步行；on time准时；on watch值班；on the contrary相反，反之；on show在展出；on sale在售；on leave休假，在休假中。

Ⅱ.易错对对碰——辨析比较

1．more than VS less than VS other than VS rather than

2．hold up VS put up VS turn up VS go up VS take up

Ⅲ.多义比比看——一词多义

(写出下列各句中give away的含义)

①We must decide what to keep and what to give away.扔掉，抛弃

②Give away any food you have on hand, or lock it up and give the key to the neighbors.分发，分送，赠送

③In modern society, it is so easy for your mobile phones to give away your location.泄露

④We have invited a famous former student to give away the school prizes.颁发

⑤Although they were pretending hard to be young, grey hair and wrinkles gave away their true ages.暴露

[句式的验收盘点]

(一)“more than＋n.”表示“不仅仅是；不只是”

[通其用]

补全句子

①It was much more_than_we_could_afford,_but far less than the original asking price.

它大大超出了我们的承担能力，但是比原价格要便宜得多。

②He was more_sad_than_angry when his son lied again.

当他的儿子再次说谎时，他的悲伤甚于愤怒。

③For many wealthy folks, it is_no_more_than_an_investment,_I'm afraid.

对于许多富人来讲，恐怕这只不过是一种投资而已。

[解其困]

(1)more than＋基数词，表示“超过；多于”，相当于over。

(2)more than＋形容词，表示“很；非常”。

(3)more than与情态动词can/could连用时，表示“超过了……所能……”。

(4)more ...than ...表示“比……更；与其……不如说……”。

(5)no more than＋名词或基数词，表示“不过；仅仅；只有”(侧重数量少)。

(6)not more than＋基数词，表示“最多；不超过”。

(二)独立主格结构

[通其用]

单句语法填空/补全句子

①The guide leading (lead) the way, we had no trouble getting out of the forest.

②The task completed (complete), we had a global traveling.

③Such an able man to_help (help) you, you will surely succeed sooner or later.

④I heard that he got injured in the accident, my_heart_full_of_worry.

听说他在这起事故中受了伤，我内心充满了担心。

[解其困]

学案(三)　高考语篇的价值发掘——提升学科素养

2016全国卷Ⅰ·阅读理解D篇——对接课标主题：良好的人际关系与社会交往

(一)精读真题——拓展语言能力　(语篇中黑体词汇为主题词汇，请注意积累并揣摩其用法)

[1] Silences may be thoughtful, or they may be empty① when a person has nothing to say. A silence in a conversation may also show stubbornness, uneasiness②， or worry. Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable; therefore attempts may be made to fill every gap (间隙) with conversation. Persons in other cultural groups value silence and view it as necessary for understanding a person's needs.

[2]Many Native Americans value silence and feel it is a basic part of communicating among people, just as some traditional Chinese and Thai persons do. Therefore, when a person from one of these cultures is speaking and suddenly stops, what may be implied (暗示) is that the person wants the listener to consider what has been said before continuing. In these cultures, silence is a call for reflection.

[3]Other cultures may use silence in other ways, particularly when dealing with conflicts among people or in relationships of people with different amounts of power. For example, Russian, French, and Spanish persons may use silence to show agreement between parties about the topic under discussion③. However, Mexicans may use silence when instructions are given by a person in authority rather than be rude to that person by arguing with him or her. In still another use, persons in Asian cultures may view silence as a sign of respect, particularly to an elder or a person in authority.

[4]Nurses and other care­givers need to be aware of the possible meanings of silence when they come across the personal anxiety their patients may be experiencing. Nurses should recognize their own personal and cultural construction of silence so that a patient's silence is not interrupted too early or allowed to go on unnecessarily. A nurse who understands the healing (治愈) value of silence④ can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures.

［析微点·厚积语言基础］

①微积累——熟词生义：empty

adj.空的(熟义)

adj.空洞的；无意义的(生义)

②构词法——后缀­ness

词源：stubborn adj.固执的

stubborn＋­ness→stubbornness n．固执

词源：uneasy adj.不安的

uneasy＋­ness→uneasiness n．不安

③微积累——under＋n.“正在……中”

under discussion 　 正在讨论中

under construction  正在建设中

under consideration  正在考虑中

under repair  正在维修中

④微技法——根据定语从句解题：

文中第34题可以根据nurse 后的定语从句得出关键信息，从而得出正确答案。

[理脉络——内化读文规律]

(二)解析真题——感悟素养立意　

[考什么·怎么考——真题再做]

32．What does the author say about silence in conversations?

A．It implies anger.　　　 B．It promotes friendship.

C．It is culture­specific.  D．It is content­based.

解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第一段的第一句“The meaning of silence varies among cultural groups.”以及下文给出的不同文化里沉默代表不同含义的例子可知，选项C与之相符合。

33．Which of the following people might regard silence as a call for careful thought?

A．The Chinese.  B．The French.

C．The Mexicans.  D．The Russians.

解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Many Native Americans value silence and feel it is a basic part of communicating ... just as some traditional Chinese and Thai persons do.”以及“... silence is a call for reflection.”可知，许多美国本土人、一些传统的中国人以及泰国人都把沉默看作是仔细思考的象征，故选A项。

34．What does the author advise nurses to do about silence?

A．Let it continue as the patient pleases.

B．Break it while treating patients.

C．Evaluate its harm to patients.

D．Make use of its healing effects.

解析：选D　细节理解题。根据文中最后一段中的“A nurse who understands the healing (治愈) value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures.”可知，作者建议护士们利用沉默的治愈效果来关爱病人，D项与此吻合。

35．What may be the best title for the text?

A．Sound and Silence

B．What It Means to Be Silent

C．Silence to Native Americans

D．Speech Is Silver; Silence Is Gold

解析：选B　标题归纳题。整篇文章都在说，沉默在不同的文化和领域具有不同的含义，这与B项(沉默的含义)的表述相符。

[为什么考·有何价值——导向解读]

一、发展思维品质

文中第35题主要考查学生的概括性思维。纵观全文，文章采用了“总—分”结构，第一段总述了沉默在不同的文化和领域具有不同的含义，下面各段分别给出不同文化里沉默代表不同含义的例子，由此可以概括出B项为正确答案。

二、聚焦核心价值

本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了沉默在不同文化里的不同含义。沉默有时表示思考，有时表示尊重……不同的文化，人们对沉默有不同的理解，并引出跨文化交流这一主题，其目的是让学生增进对各地文化和习俗的了解，避免在跨文化交流沟通中，由于文化差异的存在，可能导致对对方信息理解的不准确，进而做出错误的判断和决策。

(三)借力真题——发掘学习能力　

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1．Our government are trying their best to protect the cultural (culture) relics.

2．It was very thoughtful (thought) of you to get me the ticket.

3．A scream broke the silence (silent) of the night.

4．They had an agreement (agree) never to talk about work at home.

5．They were having a meeting when they were_interrupted (interrupt) by a knock at the door.

Ⅱ.补全句子

1．At that time, no one knew how to deal_with (处理) the trouble.

2．The subject under_discussion/being_discussed (正在讨论中) now is about wildlife protection.

3．It's no use arguing_with (与……争论) him.You might as well argue with a stone wall.

Ⅲ.分析长难句

1．Therefore，when a person from one of these cultures is speaking and suddenly stops, what may be implied (暗示) is that the person wants the listener to consider what has been said before continuing.

[句式解构]　本句是一个主从复合句。主句整体为主系表结构。主语是what_may_be_implied。其中when在句中引导时间状语从句；what may be implied是what引导的主语从句；that引导表语从句；what has been said before continuing是what引导的宾语从句。

[句意翻译]　因此，当一个来自这些文化之一的人在讲话时突然停住了，这就可能暗示着那个人在继续(谈话)之前让听众去思考他之前所说的内容。

2．Nurses and other care­givers need to be aware of the possible meanings of silence when they come across the personal anxiety their patients may be experiencing.

[句式解构]　本句是一个主从复合句。主句的主语是Nurses and other care­givers，谓语是need to be aware of。其中when前面的部分为主句，when在句中引导时间状语从句；定语从句their patients may be experiencing前面省略关系词that/which，修饰先行词the_personal_anxiety。

[句意翻译]　当护士和其他护理人员遇到他们的病人可能正在经历个人焦虑时，他们需要明白沉默的可能含义。

Ⅳ.主题语境写作

请根据下面提示，写一篇小短文，介绍“肢体语言”在不同文化中的差异及在交流中的重要性。

1．不同文化背景的人们对手势可能产生误会；

2．点头意思的不同；

3．直视别人意思的不同；

4．在国外生活必须了解当地的肢体语言。

注意：1.词数100左右；

2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

参考范文：

Body language is a way of communication.However, people from different cultures may misunderstand the gestures they use.For example, when we nod at somebody we mean we agree with his opinion.But in some countries nodding one's head means disagreement.We generally think looking at somebody in the eye shows that we are listening to him attentively, while in some nations, it is rude.People may have different body languages even if they live in the same country.Therefore it is very important for you to have a good understanding of the body language there if you are in a foreign country.

课下主题训练良好的人际关系与社会交往

Ⅰ.阅读理解

Good relationships are definitely good sources of happiness in life. We all want happy relationships but if we do not keep that relationship alive, it can also be one of the most upsetting things in life. There are no hard and fast rules in making good relationships, as each of us has different preferences and points of view as to what a great relationship is. The following are some key points in making relationships work.

It is often said that building good relationships is all about communication. Good communication indeed governs (影响) a good relationship — knowing the right thing to say, when to say it, how to say it, and accepting that some things are better left unsaid. I personally think communication must be broadened because relationships involve more decisions to make. From study to work, from money to entertainment and even things about yourself or about your friend that you do not know, communication is essential in these aspects of the relationships.

Of course, being with someone is not saying that you totally agree with him all the time. You and your friend come from different family backgrounds, raised in different environments so there may be disagreements here and there. However, it is important to express disagreements without pushing the relationship to an end. Again, good communication and learning to compromise at times are necessary.

As the relationship lasts longer, you may also discover things about you and your friend that you may not have known before. Therefore, supporting each other on both your “hidden selves” can also make a good relationship.

Love is an important aspect of building relationships and for me, I always believe that love needs open communication, respect, support and understanding in making relationships work.

语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了良好的人际关系建立的关键是交流、尊重、支持和理解，这一切的基础是“爱”。

1．Why are there no fixed rules in making good relationships?

A．It's difficult to build good relationships.

B．Good relationships can be affected easily.

C．Everyone has different opinions about good relationships.

D．Many factors should be considered to make good relationships.

解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“There are no hard ...a great relationship is.”可知，对于什么是良好的人际关系我们每个人都有不同的喜好和观点，因此对于建立良好的人际关系没有明确的规则，故选C。

2．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about?

A．The methods of communication.

B．The importance of communication.

C．The experience of making decisions.

D．The process of knowing about yourselves.

解析：选B　段落大意题。根据第二段的内容，尤其是“Good communication indeed governs (影响) a good relationship” “communication is essential in these aspects of the relationships”可知，本段主要说明了良好的交流对于建立良好的人际关系的重要性，故选B。

3．What does the underlined word “compromise” in Paragraph 3 mean?

A．Help out.　　　　　　 B．Pull your weight.

C．Let off steam.  D．Come to terms.

解析：选D　词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“being with someone is not saying that you totally agree with him all the time” “However, it is important to express disagreements without pushing the relationship to an end.”可知，和别人一起时，不需要完全同意别人，但是在表达分歧时也不要做到使关系结束的地步，因此良好的沟通和妥协有时是很重要的，故选D项。

4．Why does the author write the text?

A．To show the key to making relationships work.

B．To show different opinions on good relationships.

C．To show the importance of expressing disagreements.

D．To show forbidden rules in building good relationships.

解析：选A　写作意图题。文章说明了良好的人际关系的建立需要交流、尊重、支持和理解，故选A。

Ⅱ.阅读七选五

How many times have you started to make changes in your life, study a certain topic, or start a certain project, only to stop after a short while? It is mainly due to lack of an inner driving force. __1__ So how to get it? Here are a few tips that can help you.

Start with small goals.

It is easier to display motivation (动力) in connection with short­term goals. When it comes to long­term goals, it is always hard to keep the motivation for a long period of time, unless you have strong determination. __2__ After learning to awaken motivation and increase the ambition (抱负), you can proceed to bigger goals.

__3__

Writing it down will help you describe it in clear and brief words. The more specific it is, the easier it would be to focus on it and awaken the necessary motivation.

Make workable plans.

With small steps that are easy to follow, insist on taking at least one step a day. __4__ When you see a goal as doable (可做), it would be easier to become motivated and energetic.

Read encouraging quotes.

I suggest that you read a few in the morning and again at night, before you go to sleep. You may also read them at any other time of the day. __5__

So, what are you waiting for? If you want to make changes in your life you need to start them now, this very moment, and not tomorrow.

A．Awaken the motivation.

B．Make your goal very clear.

C．You can write down a few or save them in your phone.

D．What is an inner driving force, and why do we need it?

E．In order to achieve something, you need the driving force.

F．This is why it is wiser to start with small goals, which you can finish quite fast.

G．This will give you confidence, making you believe the goal is within your reach.

语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了如何激发动力的几条建议。

1．选E　根据空前的“It is mainly due to lack of an inner driving force.”和空后的“So how to get it？”可知，空处指出为了实现目的，需要这种动力。故选E项。

2．选F　根据本段的小标题“Start with small goals.”和空前介绍长期目标的弊端可知，空处是说为什么选择小目标是明智的，且F项和空后一句相承接。故选F项。

3．选B　根据本段中的“in clear and brief words”“The more specific it is”可知，本段内容是建议把目标用简单明了的词写出来，所以本段标题应该是：“让你的目标很清楚”。故选B项。

4．选G　根据空后的“When you see a goal as doable (可做)”可知，这里是说每天前进一步会给你信心，使你相信目标是可以完成的。故选G项。

5．选C　根据空前一句可知，这里是说可以把那些激励性的话写下来或是存在手机里，以便随时随地能拿出来读它们。故选C项。

Ⅲ.短文改错

Dear Li Hua，

In your last e­mail, you mentioned you felt frustrating at your small vocabulary. Now, I'd like to share you my ideas.

In fact, it's not such hard to build a large vocabulary — you have to keep at it daily, but pretty soon you will find you have an excellent vocabulary. One of the effective ways are to read good books and you'd better to read at least one good book a week. It's far good than any other method because you can improve your vocabulary while read an interesting piece of literature. Another nice thing is that you can learn new words and its usages unconsciously, which will help enlarge your vocabulary natural.

Yours，

Peter

答案：第一句：frustrating→frustrated

第二句：share后加with

第三句：such→so; but→and

第四句：are→is; 去掉better后面的to

第五句：good→better; read→reading

第六句：its→their; natural→naturally

Ⅳ.书面表达

假定你是李华，是开封市某中学学生。最近你校在为一批来自英国的学生征询住宿家庭，你有意申请。请根据下表提供的信息用英语给校长写封信，说明你的理由。

注意：1.词数100左右，短文开头已给出，不计入总词数；

2．所写短文需包括已提供的所有信息；

3．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Dear Sir，

I'm writing to request a valuable chance to be one of the host families of the British students.

参考范文：

Dear Sir，

I'm writing to request a valuable chance to be one of the host families of the British students.

We have a large and clean house, which lies in a beautiful area of the city. I'm good at English and my parents are both professors of English, so I'm sure we won't have any difficulty communicating with English speakers.My father is an excellent driver and we will be very glad to show foreign students around some nearby places of interest in our own car.Last month，we received two American students.We had a good time.Besides, my mother cooks well, so the students will be able to enjoy delicious Chinese food.I would greatly appreciate it if I have the chance to make friends with them.

Looking forward to your reply.

Yours，

Li Hua