2021-2022学年黑龙江省哈尔滨师范附属中学高一下学期开学考试英语试题试题含答案听力

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2021-2022学年黑龙江省哈尔滨师范附属中学高一下学期开学考试英语试题
满分150分
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30）
第一节(共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话仅读一遍。
1. When will the ship leave?
A. At 6:55. B. At 7:05. C. At 9:15.
2. What does the man mean?
A. He is a new driver. B. He is an old driver. C. He can’t drive in the street.
3. What’s the probable relationship between the two speakers?
A. Teacher and student. B. Workmates. C. Doctor and patient.
4. What do you think of the woman?
A. Careful. B. Patient. C. Forgetful.
5. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. In a museum. B. In a lab. C. In a store.
第二节(共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What are the two speakers doing recently?
A. Trying to find a job. B. Preparing for final exams. C. Finding a school to study in.
7. What will the woman probably do in the future?
A. Teach in a school. B. Study in a school. C. Work in a company.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What kind of book did Lily borrow?
A. Chinese culture. B. Chinese history. C. Chinese geography.
9. Why did Lily get angry?
A. She didn’t want to return the book.
B. She hasn’t finished reading the book.
C. She probably felt she wasn’t trusted.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What have Ben and the woman been busy doing?
A. Finding a place for their trip. B. Getting their work finished. C. Preparing for their wedding.
11. When will the woman be back to at work?
A. On 27th. B. On 29th. C. Seven days later.
12. Where will Judy and Ben go at last?
A. Taiwan. B. Tibet. C. Bangkok.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. How does the woman usually travel?
A. By car. B. By plane. C. By train.
14. What do we know about the man’s car?
A. It is new. B. It is being repaired. C. It is showed in a shop.
15. Why does the man go to travel?
A. To give a lecture. B. To go on a holiday. C. To look after her mother-in-law.
16. What’s wrong with the woman’s mother-in-law?
A. She is too old to walk. B. She coughs worse at night. C. She has a stomachache.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. Who picked up the children from school?
A. Mrs. Baker. B. Mr. Baker. C. Mrs. Smith.
18. What did the children probably do at seven?
A. They did their homework. B. They had their dinner. C. They watched TV.
19. What did Mrs. Baker do after the children went to bed?
A. She watched TV. B. She had dinner. C. She ironed the clothes.
20. What do we know about Peter?
A. He arrives at home at nine. B. He is Mrs. Baker’s husband. C. He irons clothes until midnight.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分60分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A
Essay Competition
The aim of this contest is to encourage great student writers and to give them a leg-up in their studies.
Prizes
One Grand Prize winner will receive: $1,000 in cash; the essay published in our magazine’s May 2022 issue; an interview with our magazine’s author.
Ten First Place winners will receive: $500 in cash; their names and essay titles listed in our magazine’s May 2022 issue.
Fifty Honorable Mention Winners will receive: a $50 gift card to our online shop.
Requirements
＊The length of the essay should be between 500-700 words.
＊Write an essay on the topic of: How Food Affects Our Mood.
＊Please write about three reasons for believing in your thesis (论点) statement in the form of body paragraphs and back up your reasons with practical evidence from respected sources.
＊Do not write about yourself and don’t explain why you deserve to win the prizes.
Deadlines
Early-Bird Deadline: May 4, 2022-Free for the entry.
Deadline: June 5, 2022-$5 for the entry.
Extended Deadline: July 22, 2022-$10 for the entry.
21. What will the First Place winners be rewarded with?
A. Getting their essays published in the magazine.
B. Having their essay titles listed in the magazine.
C. Receiving a gift card to the particular online shop.
D. Gaining an opportunity to meet the magazine’s author.
22. Which of the following meets the requirements?
A. Writing an essay of more than 800 words.
B. Submitting an essay about food nutrition.
C. Expressing your strong desire to get the award.
D. Supporting your reasons with credible evidence.
23. What are required to support your thesis statement?
A. By sharing your experience. B. By giving three reasons.
C. By listing statistics. D. By clarifying concepts.
24. When can you submit your essay for free?
A. April 30,2022. B. May 20. 2022. C. June 10. 2022. D. July 25,2022.

B
An early morning winter storm had brought several inches of snow to my small town in the mountains. Schools were canceled, roads were dangerous and all I wanted to do was to stay in bed. Still, I knew I had to get the day started so I put on warm clothes and walked outside. The snow got all over my shoes. The cold wind dried my lips and my eyes. My 47-year-old back ached in anticipation (预想) of the shoveling (铲雪) I would have to do if the snow didn't stop soon.
Yet, when I looked out on the white blanket that covered the ground, I couldn't help but smile a bit. It was so beautiful. It softened the bare trees and hid the dead grass. In the distance I could hear the sound of the snowplow on the road, the barking of a happy dog and the laughter of children playing outside, enjoying their day off from school.
The sweet music of that laughter brought back a hundred memories of winters past. I remembered catching snowflakes (雪花) on my tongue, building snowmen, making snow angels, running down hills and always losing snowball fights with first my brothers and then my own children. Standing there in that warm coat of memories made the wind a little less cold and my back a little less sore. I turned up my head, stuck out my tongue and for the first time in years caught a snowflake on it. It tasted so fresh and clean. It tasted like youth, like joy and like love.
May you always feel young in spirit, no matter how old or achy your body may be. May you always delight in the simple joys of life. May you always share your happiness with the hearts of children. And may you always give your love, your light, your laughter and your warmth to others
even on the coldest days.
25. What was the author's first reaction when he knew it snowed heavily？
A. He felt worried. B. He was upset.
C. He was indifferent. D. He felt in danger.
26. From the underlined sentence in Paragraph l, we can know that the author______ .
A. felt too cold because the snow didn’t stop
B. didn't want to start his day on such a snowy day
C. ached in his back because of the cold weather
D. would make greater efforts to clear up the snow
27. From which senses did the author describe the joy of having snow？
A. Taste and smell. B. Sight and smell.
C. Sight, hearing and taste. D. Smell, hearing and taste.
28. What does the author mainly want to tell us with this article？
A. We should always stay young at heart.
B. Snow brings both fun and trouble to humans.
C. Memories can change our opinion in all aspects.
D. Appreciate every moment spent with your family.

C
An alarming scientific review has found human activity is driving insects to extinction (灭绝). When the bottom of the food chain is endangered, so is everything up the chain, including people. Insect reductions threaten birds, fish, reptiles and amphibians （两栖动物） that eat insects, as well as many plants that require them for pollination (授粉),Insects are also important to soil health, nutrient recycling
And ecosystem functioning.
Habitat loss from intensive agriculture and urbanization is the main cause of the reductions, according to the review of worldwide reduction of insects: A review of its drivers. Agricultural pesticide （杀虫剂） and fertilizer use, pathogens, invasive species and climate change are also major reasons.
A World Wildlife Fund study concluded that we’ve wiped out 60 percent of mammals, fish, birds and reptiles since 1970. Another study found people have destroyed 83 percent of wild mammals and half of all plants since the dawn of civilization. As frightening as that, the rate of insect extinction is eight times that of mammals, birds and reptiles. If these trends continue, most insects could be gone within a century, which
will severely affect all life.
Some solutions can be carried out quickly and relatively easily, such as banning the worst pesticides, carrying out many available and emerging solutions to pollution and global warming, and examining better ways to grow, produce and distribute food. Sanchez-Bayo argues that changes in agricultural methods are extremely important, noting organic farms and farms that used limited pesticide amounts in the past had more insects. Research also shows organic farms maintain healthier soils, use less energy, send out fewer greenhouse gas emissions and produce higher yields than conventional farms, especially during droughts.
Many people are frightened at the thought of bites and stings by insects. But whatever you think of them, there’s no doubt that they’re essential to all life. If insects die out, we won’t survive, from banning destructive pesticides to reforming agricultural methods to planting insect and pollinator-friendly gardens in
urban areas, there’s much we can and must do to help the creatures survive and develop.

29. What may insect extinction result in?
A. Improving soil health.
B. Reducing human activities.
C. Increasing the varieties of plants and animals.
D. Threatening all up the food chain depending on them.
30. Which of the following creatures disappear most quickly according to paragraph 3?
A. Plants. B. Insects. C. Wild mammals. D. Birds and reptiles.
31. According to Sanchez-Bayo, what is an important method to prevent the insect reduction?
A. Allowing people to keep insects.
B. Banning destructive pesticides.
C. Improving the way of farming.
D. Planting insect-friendly gardens.
32. What would be the best title for the text?
A. Like Them Or Not, We Need Insects
B. Find Out Better Ways To Grow Food
C. Insects Are Developing Very Quickly
D. Agricultural Methods Need Changing

D
Please take a few seconds and think of your personal biggest goal. Imagine telling someone you meet today what you're going to do. Imagine their congratulations and their high opinions of you. Doesn't it feel good to say it out loud? Don't you feel one step closer already? Well, bad news: you should have kept your
mouth shut, because that good feeling will make you less likely to do it.
Any time you have a goal, there is some work that needs to be done to achieve it. Ideally, you would not be satisfied until you’d actually done the work. But when you tell someone your goal and he acknowledges（认可）it, psychologists have found it’s called a " social reality". The mind is kind of tricked into a feeling that it's already done. And then, because you’ve felt that satisfaction, you're less motivated to do the actual and necessary hard work. This goes against the traditional wisdom that we should
tell our friends our goals, right?
In 1982, Peter Gollwitzer, a professor of psychology, wrote a whole book about this. And in 2009, he did some new tests that were published. It goes like this: 163 people across four separate tests—everyone wrote down their personal goal. Then half of them announced their commitment（承诺）to this goal to the room, and half didn't. Then everyone was given 45 minutes of work that would directly lead them towards their goal, but they were told that they could stop at any time. Finally those who kept their mouths shut worked the entire 45 minutes on average, and when asked afterwards, said they felt they had a long way to go to achieve their goal. But those who had announced it quit after only 33 minutes on average, and when
asked afterwards, said that they felt much closer to achieving their goal.

33. What do the words “social reality” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A. Completion of the goal. B. Necessary hard work.
C. People's acknowledgement. D. A sense of satisfaction.
34. What does Peter Gollwitzer try to tell us?
A. Writing down the goal is very helpful.
B. Achieving personal goals needs more time.
C. Keeping the goal secret makes people work harder.
D. Making the goal public makes people less satisfied.
35. How did Peter Gollwitzer prove his idea about people's goal?
A. By giving figures. B. By giving examples.
C. By making a survey. D. By making comparison tests.
36. What will probably happen if you tell your friends your goal?
A. You will be more confident. B. You will not gain satisfaction.
C. You are less likely to realize it. D. You’ll be much more motivated.

E
By the end of the century, if not sooner, the world’s oceans will be bluer and greener thanks to a
warming climate, according to a new study.
At the heart of the phenomenon lie tiny marine microorganisms (海洋微生物) called phytoplankton. Because of the way light reflects off the organisms, these phytoplankton create colourful patterns at the ocean surface. Ocean colour varies from green to blue, depending on the type and concentration of phytoplankton. Climate change will fuel the growth of phytoplankton in some areas, while reducing it in
other spots, leading to changes in the ocean’s appearance.
Phytoplankton live at the ocean surface, where they pull carbon dioxide (二氧化碳) into the ocean while giving off oxygen. When these organisms die, they bury carbon in the deep ocean, an important process that helps to regulate the global climate. But phytoplankton are vulnerable to the ocean’s warming trend. Warming changes key characteristics of the ocean and can affect phytoplankton growth, since they
need not only sunlight and carbon dioxide to grow, but also nutrients.
Stephanie Dutkiewicz, a scientist in MIT’s Center for Global Change Science, built a climate model that projects changes to the oceans throughout the century. In a world that warms up by 3℃, it found that multiple changes to the colour of the oceans would occur. The model projects that currently blue areas with little phytoplankton could become even bluer. But in some waters, such as those of the Arctic, a warming will make conditions ripe for phytoplankton, and these areas will turn greener. “Not only are the quantities
of phytoplankton in the ocean changing. ” she said, “but the type of phytoplankton is changing.”
And why does that matter? Phytoplankton are the base of the food web. If certain kinds begin to disappear from the ocean, Dutkiewicz said, “it will change the type of fish that will be able to survive.”
Those kinds of changes could affect the food chain.
Whatever colour changes the ocean experiences in the coming decades will probably be too gradual and unnoticeable, but they could mean significant changes. “It’ll be a while before we can statistically show that the changes are happening because of climate change,” Dutkiewicz said, “but the change in the colour of the ocean will be one of the early warning signals that we really have changed our planet.”
37. What are the first two paragraphs mainly about?
A. The various patterns at the ocean surface.
B. The cause of the changes in ocean colour.
C. The way light reflects off marine organisms.
D. The efforts to fuel the growth of phytoplankton.
38. What does the underlined word “vulnerable” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A. Sensitive (敏感的). B. Beneficial.
C. Significant. D. Unnoticeable (不明显的).
39. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Phytoplankton play a declining role in the marine ecosystem.
B. Dutkiewicz’s model aims to project phytoplankton changes.
C. Phytoplankton have been used to control global climate.
D. Oceans with more phytoplankton may appear greener.
40. What is the main purpose of the passage?
A. To assess the consequences of ocean colour changes.
B. To analyse the composition of the ocean food chain.
C. To explain the effects of climate change on oceans.
D. To introduce a new method to study phytoplankton.

第二节（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

A
Developing a good personality is good for you. How can you achieve it? Here are some
suggestions.
41 Most people see personality as the collection of spiritual and behavioral qualities that make you who you are. These are lasting along with you and you are easy to think, behave, and feel in
certain ways. Although some of your personality is decided by your genetics（基因）and your early
experiences, it is possible to change your beliefs and behaviors over time to a certain degree.
Keep happy and enjoyable. Try to see the joy in the world. Laugh with others, but not at them.
42 Smiling and laughing a lot is a large part of having a good personality.
Always stay calm in different situations. A lot of people seem like they have a good personality. However, when they are faced with a sudden or serious event, they may lose their head and panic. 43 If you are in a nervous situation, try to calm and relax yourself and think what you can do to deal with the
situation.
Keep your mind open. To have a good personality, you should be always ready to change your view. Listen to others and always be willing to open your mind. Don't judge other people just because they don't act in the same way as you do. Keeping an open mind will allow you to make many new
friends and certainly live a much more interesting life. 44___
Develop modesty（谦虚）. You could be the most talented, excellent person in the world, but if you don't have any modesty, then it's probably hard for you to have a good personality. 45___
Nobody likes those who are always arrogant（自大的）.

A. Don't let yourself be this person.
B. Learn to love other people around you.
C. Everyone wants to have a good personality
D. Figure out what "personality" means to you.
E. There's no need to close the door to the world.
F. Never act as if you are more important than others.
G. Everyone likes him or her who is happy and positive.

B
As we all know, health is more important than wealth. Almost all the people value health most. 46__ There are three things that a person can do to help stay in good shape: eat right food, get enough sleep, and
exercise on a regular basis.
47 Your body cannot work well unless it receives the proper kind of "fuel". Don't eat too much food with lots of sugar and fat. Instead，take in plenty of foods high in protein（蛋白质）,like meat, fish, eggs and nuts. Vegetables and fruits are very important because they provide necessary vitamins and
minerals.
Getting the proper amount of sleep is also important. If you don't get enough sleep, you feel tired and easily get angry. You have no energy. Over a long period of time a little amount of sleep may even result in
a change of character. Be sure to allow yourself seven to nine hours of sleep each night. 48_ _
Finally, get plenty of exercise. 49 It also improves your heart and lungs. If you follow a regular exercise program, you will probably live longer. 50 Basketball, swimming, bicycling, running are
good examples. Sports are not only good for your body, but they are enjoyable and interesting.
If you follow the tips above, you will probably live to be much older and wiser.

A. Proper nutrition is important for good health.
B. The body needs proper care in order to be healthy.
C. Eating a balanced diet helps to make your mind active.
D. It is beneficial to your health to take exercise every day.
E. Then your body will feel strong and your mind will be sharp.
F. Most sports are very good for keeping the body in good shape.
G. It makes the body strong and prevents you from putting on weight.
第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共30小题；每小题1分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A
My daughter and I were swimming in our pool one summer day. This day was like any of the other days, so I had no way of knowing that this one would go down in our family history as a 51 we
cherish (珍惜) and still 52 from time to time.  
The sun was setting and the night was 53 approaching. My daughter 54 it first—a spider was spinning her web at the bottom of the freshly painted blue fence that 55 our pool. It surprised me that she saw this, and it surprised me even more that she wasn’t 56 of the spider. Instead, she 57__ watched as the spider busied herself in the cycle of life. As we both watched this wonder of nature, a very simple thought 58 me. I had lost the track of 59 . I honestly didn’t know how long we had been just staying there and 60 that spider making her web. But, regardless of whatever amount of time had
passed, the truth was that we were 61 having fun.  
What we had done was to spend time together and 62 the simple things in life. We talked about how precious our 63 amount of time is on this planet and how we should 64 to enjoy the simple things in life like the flight of a bird. The simple things are the 65 things in life, even when they
include spiders and webs.
51．A. memory B. freedom C. response D. conflict
52．A. hear of B. talk about C. argue about D. complain of
53．A. cautiously B. incredibly C. directly D. quickly
54．A. remembered B. imagined C. watched D. noticed
55．A. constructed B. decorated C. surrounded D. reached
56．A. tired B. afraid C. content D. fond
57．A. originally B. anxiously C. typically D. delightfully
58．A. knocked B. moved C. hit D. hurt
59．A. event B. data C. spider D. time
60．A. winding up B. picking up C. pointing at D. staring at
61．A. normally B. simply
C. slightly D. independently
62．A. do B. appreciate C. handle D. discuss
63．A. limited B. former C. extra D. distant
64．A. forget B. want C. stop D. choose
65．A. unusual B. best C. easiest D. rare

B
Two years ago, my friend and I were at college. With his birthday approaching, he came to me with an unusual 66 : instead of receiving presents, he wanted to do some acts of kindness.
I was 67 with such an idea. 68 instead of taking for the birthday was really different. I asked him how he could come up with such a 69 idea. He told me about a TED talk he had watched on
generosity, which had 70 him. So we started to 71 creative things we could do.
Our university employed some security guards to protect its students. They have to work 72 , keeping watch on every corner throughout the university. For the most part it's a thankless job as most people grow 73 to seeing the guards all around and eventually 74 notice their presence, let alone
acknowledging their efforts. How could we show them our appreciation?
We decided to make a large pot of hot chocolate. We hired a car and asked the driver to take us around the campus where we knew the guards would be and we poured them each a cup of hot chocolate. The driver was 75 a bit doubtful about the entire plan but after a while he was helping us 76 the guards and our lively spirit had 77 to him as well. We met with many 78 and appreciative words. It was
amazing to see how a small act or even an intention of generosity can lift everyone's spirit.
I now realize that special energy is created when you choose to think bigger than yourself and act in __79 of others. You'll find it's actually the greatest 80 you've never got, especially when it's your
birthday.

66. A. order B. request C. problem D. story
67. A. struck B. blessed C. burdened D. bored
68. A. Refusing B. Earning C. Giving D. Donating
69. A. complex B. novel C. familiar D. traditional
70. A. controlled B. supported C. inspired D. rewarded
71. A. plan out B. take over C. watch for D. hold back
72. A. step by step B. around the clock C. more or less D. now and then
73. A. addicted B. devoted C. attached D. accustomed
74. A. barely B. just C. always D. generally
75. A. finally B. initially C. occasionally D. frequently
76. A. remind B. track C. spot D. recognize
77. A. spread B. moved C. happened D. returned
78. A. friends B. difficulties C. greetings D. smiles
79. A. memory B. place C. charge D. service
80. A. lesson B. attention C. gift D. care
第二节（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

A
Amsterdam has decided to remove gas vehicles (机动车) from the roads. By 2030 only non-polluting vehicles will be allowed in the streets. The Netherlands 81 （make）great efforts to protect the environment since the 90s.The Clean Air Action Plan, 82 is aimed at removing polluting vehicles from the city, is the newest measure. The new policy is important because air pollution in the Netherlands is above European standards, 83 （cause）risks for respiratory（呼吸的）illnesses. "Pollution is often a
silent 84 （kill）,”said Ms. Sharon Dijksma, who is responsible 85 the city's traffic.
The city will stop using gas vehicles gradually and increase the use of cleaner vehicles. Charging stations
86 （offer）to those who buy electric vehicles. Fund and special parking permits will 87__
（probable） be provided to encourage the use of environmentally friendly cars. In Netherland, 30percent of commuter（通勤者） travel by bike. 88 , cars are still major sources of particle matter pollution.
That is 89 they plan to ban all polluting cars.
Hopefully, this policy will encourage other cities to ban polluting vehicles as well. In fact, Brussels is
already considering 90 （adopt）the policy.
B
China's online food delivery platform Ele.me has carried out a new service of picking up garbage from its users in Shanghai 91 July 2019.
The service comes after 92 recently-released regulation on waste management in Shanghai. Individuals 93 throw away their garbage without sorting it can be fined up to 200 yuan, while
companies and 94 (organize) can face fines up to 5,000 yuan.
The trash taking service requires residents to sort 95 (they) own garbage before it 96 (pick)
up by workers from Ele.me, who will ensure the waste is disposed of in the correct garbage bins.
It's obvious that this service is 97 (convenience) to the old, especially to the disabled customers.
However, many netizens on Sina Weibo don't think Ele.me is providing a wonderful service, saying it just wants 98 (make) money. They think 12 yuan for an order is too much. 99 , many more people
doubt if these collectors will wash their hands after dealing 100 the trash.

第四部分 写作（共20小题；每小题0.5分，满分10分）
根据句意或汉意，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
101. He is also a manager, but senior ________ me.
102. ________ (face) with so much pressure, she pretended to be calm.
103. That the sculpture is ________ (独一无二的) has made a deep impression on us.
104. This reflects how you use your ________ (create) to explore the unknown world.
105. These dinosaur fossils are beyond ________ (recognize) without signs.
106. I came with the _______ (intend) of joining the debate, but now I’ve decided to leave.
107. As a _______ (influence) player, Yao Ming is respected by many people.
108. This is the first time I ________ (come) to Rizhao and the delicious seafood makes an impression on me.
109. We were about _______ (leave) when the alarm went off.
110. Wi-fi _______ (able) us to surf the Internet anytime, anywhere.
111. She has a ________ (prefer) for the novels written by the famous writer.
112. I managed to ________ (fold) this pack and found a beautiful gift in it.
113. Whenever we need to be indoors, we want our ________ (surround) to be as attractive and comfortable as possible.
114. The scientists are trying to learn about he harmful effects of ________(化学品) on humans and on the world’s lakes and the ocean.
115. After the crash, 80 percent of the passengers recovered from shock, ________ (stare) at each other.
116. The wildfires, melting icebergs and rising sea level are all warnings about the ________ (destroy) impact of human activities on the fragile ecosystem.
117. In order to build a ________ (harmony) society, we must concentrate on solving various social problems.
118. People marched to prevent the authority ________ (publish) the tax increase bill.
119. The professor will continue in his present job until a ________ (replace) can be found.
120. Even today, he still does not easily take to ________ (eat) things like chicken feet.