2021年北京市平谷区中考英语一模试卷（含答案解析）

这是一份2021年北京市平谷区中考英语一模试卷（含答案解析），共21页。试卷主要包含了【答案】B，【答案】C，【答案】A，【答案】D等内容，欢迎下载使用。


2021年北京市平谷区中考英语一模试卷

1. Our new classmate David is very friendly. We all like ________ very much.
A. he B. him C. her D. she
2. We planted some small trees ________ the park last Sunday.
A. on B. of C. in D. to
3. He suffered from a serious leg problem, ________ he didn't give up his football dream.
A. but B. and C. or D. so
4. -________ you help me with my spoken English？
-No problem.
A. Should B. Could C. Must D. Need
5. - ________ do you volunteer in your community, Peter？
-Once a week.
A. How long B. How soon C. How much D. How often
6. Mid-Autumn Festival is one of ________ Chinese traditional festivals.
A. important B. more important
C. most important D. the most important
7. If it ________ tomorrow, we will have a picnic.
A. doesn't rain B. didn't rain C. won't rain D. hasn't rained
8. I ________ care of my little sister when you called me last night.
A. take B. will take C. am taking D. was taking
9. He ______ in Beijing since he left school.
A. has worked B. worked C. works D. will work
10. -Where is your father, David？
-He ________ the car in the garden.
A. will wash B. washed C. is washing D. was washing
11. The World Leisure Congress ________ successfully in Pinggu last week.
A. holds B. was held C. held D. will be held
12. -Could you tell me ________？
-Next Saturday.
A. when you will come to Beijing B. when did you come to Beijing
C. when you came to Beijing D. when will you come to Beijing
My father had a car accident and left us. My mother suddenly found herself alone to care for five boys. I（1） ______ about the situation, but my mother didn't, and she assured us that she would keep us together as a family and safe from harm. Although small in size, she could handle heavy horse-drawn plows. Besides, she even found time to help us with homework.
As Christmas approaching, my mother didn't seem to（2） ______ as much. I realized she had no money to buy us presents. Considering myself practically grown, I hid my disappointment.
One day, my mother took a saw into the forest and（3） ______ with some tree branches. She left them in the barn and didn't tell her curious children what they were for. She worked on her project while I was in school, but I looked （4） ______ into the barn when I had a chance. Several days later, I still couldn't figure out her purpose. When later I saw she used nails and paint, I concluded that she must be making presents.
By Christmas week,my mother was happy again as usual. Her（5） ______ was apparently （显然地） completed and she obviously kept it secret because I'd looked everywhere without success.
On Christmas Eve, I lay awake for a long time,（6） ______ Christmas morning.
The next morning, my mother handed out the handmade presents happily in front of her delighted kids.
Many（7） ______ years would follow that particular Christmas, but I never again（8） ______ my mother's ability to care for us. We were never hungry, and she made sure we got an education in school. She taught us to have faith in our own abilities. That faith still supports me.
13.  A. argued B. worried C. confused D. talked
14.  A. work B. cry C. smile D. care
15.  A. dug B. began C. left D. returned
16.  A. secretly B. nervously C. proudly D. seriously
17.  A. present B. paint C. project D. branch
18.  A. expecting B. remembering C. imagining D. designing
19.  A. happy B. difficult C. curious D. simple
20.  A. recognized B. improved C. doubted D. destroyed
N
We spend hours, days and years of our lives in education. But how perfect do you think your school is？ Imagine you could design your ideal school. What would it be like？ What would you be doing？ We want to find out what teenagers around the world think. Here is what they say：

My name is Wu Lei. I'm from China. My dream school would have an Olympic-size swimming pool, two football fields and a golf course. It would also have a cinema, a gym, a restaurant and a shopping center. My school has none of these and I think there should be more enjoyable things for pupils to do while they are studying.

My name is Richard. I'm from America. I think it would be great to have a day off every week, as well as the weekend. If that day was a Friday or a Monday, we would have a long weekend every week. What fun! I also think school should start later, at about 10 o'clock, and finish earlier. I'm sure we could learn just as much in fewer hours.

I'm Yoko. I come from Japan. My dream school would be big and roomy with a laptop for every person in the school. I'd also like to have a music room where we can just go and play instruments when we want. We need a recording studio too.

I'm Hannah. I come from Australia. My school environment is great - especially the sports facilities. We've got a swimming pool and tennis courts. It's the teachers I'd change. I think they should give us more freedom and choice about how we study. I also think it's unnecessary that we have to wear a school uniform. It's very uncomfortable and the ugly color - purple and pink!
21. Who wants one more day off in a week？ ______
A. Wu Lei. B. Richard. C. Yoko. D. Hannah.
22. In Yoko's ideal school, she can ______ .
A. see movies B. play tennis
C. play instruments D. do some shopping
23. The four teenagers talk about their ______ .
A. dream schools B. favorite sports
C. hobbies D. teachers
O
For many American 10-year-olds, summer is always a time for goofing around （消磨时光）， hanging out with friends, and playing outside until the sun goes down. However, for Liam Hannon, the summer of 2017 was a bit different. That year, Liam did not want to go to summer camp, so he made a deal with his dad to stay busy and active. He joined a program to give back to the community. Specifically, he was given a task to help homeless people.
Liam pointed out to his dad that there were a lot of homeless people just outside their home in Cambridge,Massachusetts. These people were hungry and Liam thought he could do something to lift their spirits. Liam and his clad began making sandwiches. Together, they made 20 lunches that first week, which they then handed out to the homeless people. When the week was over, Liam realized he was not ready to put away his bread knife just yet, so Liam's Lunches of Love was born.
"No one should be hungry," Liam wrote on his GoFundMe page. He created the online page with his father as a way to help raise money for Lunches of Love. Donations that were received through GoFundMe have enabled Liam to buy a better cart （手推车） and make thousands of additional lunches. Liam also gets help from friends and volunteers to make and deliver the lunches. His friends love drawing pictures and writing encouraging messages on the brown paper bags that the lunches and healthy snacks are packed in. "I've seen people who are feeling really down. But when we hand them a lunch, their faces just light up," says Liam.
But he didn't stop there. Liam has another project called Legos （乐高） of Love. People send in their old toys, which are then sorted and given to children who are living at homeless shelters.
One thing is certain： This now 12-year-old knows how to pay it forward （让爱传播出去）. His Lunches of Love is an example of how even something as simple as a sandwich can change the world.

24. What did Liam Hannon do in the summer holiday of 2017？ ______
A. He went to summer camp.
B. He hung out with his friends.
C. He helped many homeless people with his father and friends.
D. He drew pictures and wrote encouraging messages on the paper bags.
25. How did Liam help the children at homeless shelters？ ______
A. By raising money for them.
B. By making sandwiches for them.
C. By buying old toys for them.
D. By creating a project called Legos of Love.
26. Liam's story mainly tells us ______ .
A. we should ask our friends for help
B. we should enjoy the summer holiday with our family
C. simple help can make a big difference
D. projects make a lot of fun
P
Do you remember your favorite toy growing up？ It didn't matter whether it was a dolla stuffed bear or a plastic soldier. That was your favorite toy and you loved it more than anything else in this world. What you probably don't know is how it influenced your education and how, over the years, toys continue to improve the abilities and skills children need to prepare them for life. Toys are quite important in childhood development.
All experts agree： children learn by playing and toys are the instruments that allow them to discover the world they live in. And this is precisely why they interact with their surroundings through toys. And toys provide plenty of enjoyment and happiness, both of which help build their self-confidence.
Toys get children engaged in physical activity, by exercising their fine and gross motor skills. Whether they are coloring or dressing and undressing a doll, for example, children are using their sense of touch and sight while walkers, tricycles or toy cars strengthen their arms and legs. Toys also help them discover balance and coordination and by being physically active, children avoid becoming fat and adopt a healthy life style.
Ever since they are born, toys motivate babies to use their feet and hands in order to discover forms, colors and sounds. Once babies know how to sit and crawl, toys incite them to be on the move. If their favorite toy is out of reach, the baby will use its muscles to try and grab it.
Toys boost children's creativity and help them express their emotions. Whether it's through role playing or dolls, children are given the space to imagine familiar situations or invent fantastical worlds that lead kids to abstraction.
Often times, adults tend to identify the word toy with "something they sell at the store" but children, on the other hand, see toys are the objects included in their playing. These objects can be something real like a set of keys, a pot and a roll of toilet paper, or things they can transform, such as play dough, paint. These tools all help teach kids how to make decisions as they help spark their imagination while creating a universe they can play in.
Aside from the above, toys give them an understanding of the society they live in. Toys invite children to interact, first with adults and then with other children of their age. The simple act of playing with another child challenges them to experience situations where important lessons are to be learned： respect, cooperation and sharing.
Did you know that toys were so important in childhood development？

27. Children may ______ by playing toys according to the writer.
A. tell different things B. improve their playing skills
C. discover the world D. find something real
28. Kids may learn how to join society by ______ according to the writer.
A. playing toys with another child
B. role playing
C. driving toy cars
D. coloring a piece of paper
29. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage？ ______
A. Why Are Toys Important in Childhood Development？
B. How Many Kinds of Toys Can You Choose for Children？
C. How Much Do Your Toys Influence You？
D. Why Can Toys Help Teach Kids to Make Decisions？
Q
Why We Need Each Other
John lives alone but is very social. He has many friends with whom he spends a lot of time and sees frequently. However, he feels sad and disappointed because his friendships don't seem to meet his needs.
Albert lives alone and has two close friends whom he sees occasionally. When he meets with them, he has a good time talking about current events and sports as well as each other's thoughts and feelings. When he is not at work or in the company of others, Albert does not feel lonely because he spends time engaging in activities that interest and energize him.
Generally, loneliness is a negative condition resulting from a state of aloneness. People who desire more interpersonal relationships than they actually have can develop feelings of loneliness. How much social connectedness a person needs influences how much aloneness they can accept.
However, it is not the number of social relationships that determines whether people feel lonely. Rather, it is the emotional and cognitive reactions （认知反映） the individual experiences in relation to these connections that play a role in experiencing loneliness. For example, social interactions where an individual feels the following are linked with loneliness： distrust, emotional conflict, lack of social support.
John and Albert both live alone and have friends； yet, the one with the more active social life feels lonely. Why？ Being alone can result in negative reactions related to loneliness （e.g.， sadness, hopelessness） or it can have positive reactions related to loneliness （e.g.， spiritual and creative growth, restoring one's health and energy）. John's relationships don't seem to provide him with what he needs or wants-enjoyment or meaning-and so he feels very lonely. On the other hand, Albert seems to benefit from the interactions he has with his friends, and also happens to enjoy his time alone. In addition, Albert doesn't seem to want more interpersonal connections.
Humans, because of necessity, evolved into social beings. Dependence on and cooperation with each other enhanced our ability to survive under such difficult environmental circumstances. Although the survival threats of these circumstances have lessened in today's world, people continue to have a need to connect with others. Indeed, the lack of such connections can lead to many problems, including loneliness.
In our advanced digital age, one of the common concerns regarding the increasing emergence of loneliness is how we have become less caring of others. At one time, our very survival depended on trusting and supportive relationships. Basically, it doesn't matter how technologically experienced we become； emotional connectivity remains a central part of being human. We need each other.

30. From the passage, we can know that ______ .
A. when being alone, one must have negative reaction
B. much social connectedness leads to one's loneliness
C. continuous emotional connections with others are still needed
D. technological experiencing has replaced emotional connectivity
31. The writer wants to tell us ______ in writing the fourth paragraph.
A. what determines whether people feel lonely
B. what emotional and cognitive reaction are
C. what are linked with loneliness
D. what we experience in social interactions
32. What does the underlined word "enhanced" in Paragraph 6 probably mean？ ______
A. Improved. B. Showed. C. Kept. D. Questioned.
33. Why doesn't Albert feel lonely when he's alone？ ______
A. Because he talks about some popular topics with his friends.
B. Because he has the same thoughts with his friends.
C. Because he spends enough time with his friends.
D. Because he benefits from relationships and enjoys his time alone.
34. A young Dutch inventor is trying his best to clean up floating plastic from the Pacific Ocean. He has developed a floating device （设备） to stop plastic waste moving into rivers before it reaches the high seas.
Boyan Slat was just 18 years old when he invented a system for catching waste in the ocean. He also founded an environmental group called The Ocean Cleanup. Its purpose is to develop the system and move it to the right place, then get it ready for use.
Last Saturday, the 25-year-old Slat announced the next step in his fight： a floating device that he calls the "Interceptor.'' It removes plastic out of rivers. The device is powered by energy from the sun.
"We need to close the tap, which means preventing more plastic from reaching the ocean in the first place," Slat said. He added the trash from land to sea is carried mainly through rivers.
Experts say 8 million metric tons of waste flow into the ocean each year from rivers, creeks and seaside areas. The plastic endangers fish and other sea living things.
Three of the machines have already been moved to Indonesia, Malaysia and Vietnam. Slat said a fourth is going to the Dominican Republic.
Slat said he believes 1， 000 rivers are responsible for about 80% of the plastic going into the world's oceans. He said he wants to try to clean them all in the next five years.
He added, "This is not going to be easy, but imagine if we do get this done. We could truly make our oceans clean again."
Meanwhile Slat asked for support from countries which are interested in cleaning up their rivers. He also wants support from businesses that prepare to help him with money and the operation of the devices.
The Interceptor is designed to be safe in rivers. Its nose is shaped to turn away larger floating objects like tree trunks in different direction. The Interceptor works by guiding plastic waste into an opening in the front of the devices. The waste is then carried inside the machine where it is dropped into containers. The interceptor sends a text message to local operators that can come and empty it when it is full.
Slat showed how it worked by putting hundreds of yellow rubber ducks into the water at the launch event in the Dutch city of Rotterdam. The interceptor caught nearly all of them.
Jan van Franeker is with the Wageningen Marine Research Institute. He told the The Associated Press （AP）， "I am really happy they finally moved toward the source of the litter. The design, from what I can see, looks pretty good."
"Deploying interceptors is even cheaper than deploying nothing at all," Slat noted.


(1) How old was Slat when he founded "The Ocean Cleanup"？
______
(2) When did Slat announce his next step in his fight？
______
(3) Where is 8 million metric tons of waste in the ocean from？
______
(4) What does Slat want to do in the next five years？
______
(5) What do you think of Slat's invention？
______
35. 从下面两个题目中任选一题，根据中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于50词的文段写作。文中已给出内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。
（1）假如你是李华，你们学校将要举办"传承红色，牢记使命"的主题社会实践活动。你打算邀请你们班交换生Peter参加。请用英语写一封电子邮件，告诉他集合的时间、地点，你们在活动中将会看到或学到什么，以及需要做什么准备。
提示词语：gate, introduce, the Communist Party of China （中国共产党）， history, search, camera
提示问题：• When and where will you meet？
• What will you do in the social practice activity？
• What do you advise Peter to prepare for it？
Dear Peter,
How is it going？
I'm writing to invite you to take part in the social practice activity on the theme of "Inheriting the Red Spirit, Remembering Our Mission".


Li Hua
（二）天下无难事，唯有坚持才能使你赢得一切。
某英文网站正在开展以"成功源于坚持"为主题的征文活动。假如你是李华，请用英语写一篇短文投稿，谈谈你在学习或生活中曾经遇到过什么困难，坚持做了什么去克服困难，以及有什么收获。
提示词语：weak, keep, make progress, realize
提示问题：• What difficulty did you have？
• What did you keep doing to overcome it？
• What have you learned by doing so？
We can achieve everything if we never give up. _______
答案和解析

1.【答案】B

【解析】like喜欢，动词，动词后面要用代词宾格，大卫是男的，him是he的宾格，
故选：B。
我们的新同学大卫非常友好。我们都非常喜欢他。
主要考查的是对句子意思的理解和对人称代词主格宾格的使用。

2.【答案】C

【解析】on在……上面，of……的，in在……里面，to到……，这里指"在公园里"，in the park。
故选：C。
上星期天我们在公园里种了一些小树。
考查介词辨析时，首先理解句子的含义及介词之间的区别。其次要注意固定的搭配，注意语法现象。

3.【答案】A

【解析】but但是，表示转折关系，and和，表示并列关系，or否则，要不然，so因此，表示结果关系。结合句意：他的腿有严重的问题，但他没有放弃他的足球梦。联系前后两句，表示转折关系。
故选：A。
他的腿有严重的问题，但他没有放弃他的足球梦。
考查连词。要根据连词的含义和用法，进行比较，找出正确答案。

4.【答案】B

【解析】should应该；could能，可以，在疑问句中表示委婉语气；must必须，一定；need需要。根据预测句意"你能在英语口语方面帮我吗"可知，要用could表示委婉语气。
故选：B。
你能在英语口语方面帮我吗？
考查情态动词。要根据情态动词的含义和用法，进行比较，找出正确答案。

5.【答案】D

【解析】How long时间的长短；  How soon将要多久； How much多少；How often频率；根据Once a week.可知问的是频度。
故选：D。
-彼得，你多久在你的社区做一次志愿者？—一个星期一次。
仔细分析句子的结构，根据Once a week.结合选项作答。

6.【答案】D

【解析】中国的节日数量应为三个以上，所以三者或三者以上的比较应为最高级，important 为多音节单词，前面加most,最高级前一般加定冠词the。
故选：D。
中秋节是中国最重要的传统节日之一。
明确形容词最高级的变化规则。

7.【答案】A

【解析】主句是一般将来时，条件状语从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时，而且主语it是第三人称单数，谓语动词用doesn't rain。
故选：A。
如果明天不下雨，我们就去野餐。
考查主从复合句，要根据句意或提示词，判断时态，选用合适的引导词。

8.【答案】D

【解析】根据语境，题干关键信息是when you called me last night,表明语境是过去时，设空处谓语表在过去的时间里动作正在发生，因此应用过去进行时态，即was taking care of,表"正在照顾"。
故选：D。
你昨晚打电话给我时，我正在照顾我的小妹妹。
解答此题的关键，根据语境和题干关键信息词，来判断和选用合适的时态。

9.【答案】A

【解析】句意：他自从离开学校一直在北京工作。A.has worked现在完成时；B.worked一般过去时；C.works一般现在时；D.will work一般将来时。根据时间状语since he left school.可知，句子用现在完成时。故选A。

10.【答案】C

【解析】根据语境及题干关键信息Where is your father知，设空处谓语表此时此刻正在发生的动作，因此应用现在进行时态，即is washing the car,表"正在洗车"。
故选：C。
-David,你爸爸在哪里？
-他正在花园里洗车。
解答此题的关键，根据语境和题干关键信息词，来判断和选用合适的时态。

11.【答案】B

【解析】题干关键信息是last week,表明题干语境是过去时，主语congress（会议）和其谓语hold（举行）之间是被动关系，因此设空处应用一般过去时态的被动语态，即was held符合语境。
故选：B。
世界休闲大会上周在平谷成功召开。
英语题目中常常将时态和语态结合起来进行考查，学生在解答时，需判断主语和谓语之间的主被动关系，还应联系实际判断所用的时态。

12.【答案】A

【解析】根据题干 "Could you tell me  _________？"和选项可知，此题考查宾语从句，宾语从句要用陈述句语序，选项BD为疑问句语序，排除。根据答语"下个星期六"，可知宾语从句的时态为一般将来时态，选项C是一般过去时态，排除。
故选：A。
-你能告诉我你什么时候来北京吗？
-下个星期六。
考查宾语从句，做题时一般先观察是否使用陈述语序；结合语境确定句子的使时态；最后根据答句来确定最终答案。

13~20.【答案】B、C、D、A、C、A、B、C

【解析】（1）B.考查动词。A. argued争论；B. worried担心；C. confused困惑；D. talked谈论；根据上文"My father had a car accident and left us."以及"My mother suddenly found herself alone to care for five boys."可知，父亲车祸离世，母亲突然要独自照顾五个孩子，这样的情况是很糟糕的，所以我很担心。故选B。
（2）C.考查动词。A. work工作；B. cry哭；C. smile微笑；D. care在乎；根据下文"I realized she had no money to buy us presents."可知圣诞节快到了，但是母亲没有钱给我们买礼物，所以母亲的笑容减少了，因此选smile。故选C。
（3）D.考查动词。A. dug挖；B. began开始；C. left D. returned根据"my mother took a saw into the forest...with some tree branches."可知，母亲从树林里带回了一些树枝，放在了畜棚了，应该选returned。故选D。
（4）A.考查副词。A. secretly秘密地；B. nervously紧张地；C. proudly骄傲地；D. seriously严肃地；根据"... and didn' t tell her curious children what they were for."以及"when I had a chance"可知，母亲没有告诉我们她在做什么，所以我一有机会，就偷偷地看，因此选secretly。故选A。
（5）C.考查名词。A. present礼物；B. paint油漆；C. project工程；D. branch树枝；根据"By Christmas week,my mother was happy again asusual."可知，母亲应该是完成了她的工作，所以选project。故选C。
（6）A.考查动词。A. expecting期待；B. remembering记得；C. imagining想象；D. designing设计；根据"On Christmas Eve,I lay awake for a long time"以及"The next morning... in front of her delighted kids."可知，我因为期待着第二天早上的礼物，所以久久不能入睡，因此选expecting。故选A。
（7）B.考查形容词。A. happy开心的；B. difficult困难的；C. curious好奇的；D. simple简单的；根据上文可知，因为母亲独自抚养五个孩子，生活过得很困难，所以尽管过了一个特殊的圣诞节，以后也还是会有困难的日子，所以选difficult。故选B。
（8）C.考查动词。A. recognized意识到；B. improved提高；C. doubted怀疑；D. destroyed毁坏；根据"We were never hungry,and she made sure we got an education in school.'可知，圣诞节之后，我明白了母亲的能力，母亲的确能照顾好我们，所以此处表达的是"我不再怀疑"，因此选doubted。故选C。
本文是一篇记叙文。作者的父亲因为车祸不幸离世，坚强的母亲便毅然担起独自抚养孩子的重任。圣诞节将至，母亲因为没有钱给孩子们买礼物，便偷偷地自己动手给他们做礼物。
考查完形填空，根据所给的短文对意思有所了解，然后根据短文的大体意思，选择每个符合题意的答案，使短文更通顺。

21~23.【答案】B、C、A

【解析】（1）B.细节理解题。根据My name is Richard. I'm from America. I think it would be great to have a day off every week, as well as the weekend. 我叫理查德。我来自美国。我想每周都有一天像周末那样的假期会很好。因此B选项符合题意，故选B.
（2）C.细节理解题。根据 I'd also like to have a music room where we can just go and play instruments when we want. 我还想有一个音乐室，我们可以随时去演奏乐器。可知在洋子理想的学校里，她可以演奏乐器。故选C.
（3）A.主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据 But how perfect do you think your school is？ Imagine you could design your ideal school. What would it be like？ What would you be doing？ We want to find out what teenagers around the world think. Here is what they say：但是你认为你的学校有多完美？想象一下你能设计出你理想的学校。会是什么样子？你在做什么？我们想知道全世界的青少年是怎么想的。他们是这么说的：同时结合下文可知本文主要是四个青少年介绍他们理想中的学校。故选A.
本文主要是四个青少年介绍他们理想中的学校。
做题时首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意．其次，细读题材，各个击破。掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。

24~26.【答案】C、D、C

【解析】（1）C.细节理解题。根据However, for Liam Hannon, the summer of 2017 was a bit different. That year, Liam did not want to go to summer camp, so he made a deal with his dad to stay busy and active. He joined a program to give back to the community. Specifically, he was given a task to help homeless people.然而，对于利亚姆•汉农来说，2017年的夏天有点不同。那一年，利亚姆不想去夏令营，所以他和爸爸达成协议，让他保持忙碌和活跃。他参加了一个回馈社会的计划。具体来说，他被赋予了帮助无家可归者的任务。可知利亚姆•汉农在2017年暑假与父亲和朋友一起帮助许多无家可归的人。故选C.
（2）D.细节理解题。根据Liam has another project called Legos （乐高） of Love. People send in their old toys, which are then sorted and given to children who are living at homeless shelters.利亚姆还有一个项目叫"爱的乐高"。人们把他们的旧玩具送进来，然后分类送给住在无家可归者收容所的儿童。可知利亚姆是通过创建一个名为"爱的乐高"的项目来帮助无家可归者收容所的孩子们的。故选D.
（3）C.主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据 One thing is certain： This now 12-year-old knows how to pay it forward （让爱传播出去）. His Lunches of Love is an example of how even something as simple as a sandwich can change the world.有一点是肯定的：这个现在12岁的孩子知道如何向前支付（让爱传播出去）. 他的爱心午餐就是一个例子，说明即使是三明治这样简单的东西也能改变世界。可知利亚姆的故事主要告诉我们简单的帮助可以带来很大的不同。故选C.
本文主要介绍了利亚姆•汉农的爱心故事，通过他的故事主要告诉我们简单的帮助可以带来很大的不同。
做题时首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意．其次，细读题材，各个击破。掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。

27~29.【答案】C、A、A

【解析】（1）C.细节理解题。根据children learn by playing and toys are the instruments that allow them to discover the world they live in.孩子们通过游戏学习，玩具是让他们发现自己生活的世界的工具。可知孩子们通过玩来学习，并且玩具是能够使他们认识所居住世界的工具。故选C.
（2）A.细节理解题。根据Aside from the above, toys give them an understanding of the society they live in. 除此之外，玩具能让他们了解自己所处的社会。可知加入社会是通过和另外的孩子玩玩具。故选A.
（3）A.标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是根据What you probably don't know is how it influenced your education and how, over the years, toys continue to improve the abilities and skills children need to prepare them for life. Toys are quite important in childhood development.你可能不知道的是它是如何影响你的教育，以及这些年来，玩具是如何不断提高孩子们的能力和技能，使他们为生活做好准备的。玩具在儿童发展中是非常重要的。可知本文主要讲述了玩具对童年时期的发展很重要的原因，因此A选项作为标题最为合适。故选A.
文章主要讲述了玩具对孩子童年发展的影响。
做题时首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意．其次，细读题材，各个击破。掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。

30~33.【答案】C、A、A、D

【解析】（1）C.细节理解题。根据 emotional connectivity remains a central part of being human. We need each other.可知情感连接仍然是人类的核心部分。我们需要彼此。因此C选项表述正确，故选C.
（2）A.段落大意题。根据第四段中However, it is not the number of social relationships that determines whether people feel lonely. Rather, it is the emotional and cognitive reactions （认知反映） the individual experiences in relation to these connections that play a role in experiencing loneliness. 然而，决定人们是否感到孤独的不是社会关系的数量。相反，这是情绪和认知反映与这些关系相关的个人经历，这些联系在体验孤独中起作用。可知第四段主要介绍了是什么决定了人们是孤独的，故选A.
（3）A.词义猜测题。根据Dependence on and cooperation with each other  enhanced our ability to survive under such difficult environmental circumstances.可知相互依赖和合作__了我们在这种艰难环境下的生存能力。根据前后文含义以及结合选项可知，此处enhanced意为"增强，提高"，与improved同义。故选A.
（4）D.细节理解题。根据On the other hand, Albert seems to benefit from the interactions he has with his friends, and also happens to enjoy his time alone. In addition, Albert doesn't seem to want more interpersonal connections.另一方面，阿尔伯特似乎受益于与朋友的互动，也恰好享受独处的时光。此外，艾伯特似乎不希望有更多的人际关系。可知阿尔伯特似乎受益于他与朋友的互动，也碰巧享受他的独处时间。故选D.
本文主要剖析了人类感到孤独的深层次原因。
做题时首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意．其次，细读题材，各个击破。掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。

34.【答案】【小题1】Slat was 18 years old.
【小题2】Last Saturday.
【小题3】8 million metric tons of waste flow into the ocean each year from rivers, creeks and seaside areas.
【小题4】He wants to try to clean plastic bottles and all the rubbish in the next five years.
【小题5】Energy-saving, environmental, technological, acceptable, economical, useful, great, good, cheap…


【解析】（1）Slat was 18 years old.细节理解题。根据 Boyan Slat was just 18 years old when he invented a system for catching waste in the ocean. He also founded an environmental group called The Ocean Cleanup.可知博扬•斯莱特在18岁时发明了一种在海洋中收集废物的系统。他还成立了一个名为"海洋清理"的环保组织。故答案为 Slat was 18 years old。
（2）Last Saturday.细节理解题。根据 Last Saturday, the 25-year-old Slat announced the next step in his fight： a floating device that he calls the "Interceptor.''可知上周六，这位25岁的斯莱特宣布了他战斗的下一步：他称之为"拦截器"的浮动装置，它可以清除河流中的塑料。故答案为Last Saturday。
（3）8 million metric tons of waste flow into the ocean each year from rivers, creeks and seaside areas.细节理解题。根据  Experts say 8 million metric tons of waste flow into the ocean each year from rivers, creeks and seaside areas.可知专家说，每年有800万公吨的废物从河流、小溪和海滨地区流入海洋。故答案为8 million metric tons of waste flow into the ocean each year from rivers, creeks and seaside areas。
（4）He wants to try to clean plastic bottles and all the rubbish in the next five years.细节理解题。根据   Slat said he believes 1， 000 rivers are responsible for about 80% of the plastic going into the world's oceans. He said he wants to try to clean them all in the next five years.可知斯莱特说，他相信1000条河流造成了世界上80%的塑料流入海洋。他说他想在未来五年内把它们全部清理干净。故答案为He wants to try to clean plastic bottles and all the rubbish in the next five years。
（5）Energy-saving, environmental, technological, acceptable, economical, useful, great, good, cheap....推理判断题。根据The device is powered by energy from the sun.  "Deploying interceptors is even cheaper than deploying nothing at all," Slat noted.可知这个装置由太阳提供能量。斯莱特指出："部署拦截器甚至比什么都不部署还要便宜。"。所以我们可推理斯莱特的发明具有节能、环保、科技、可接受、经济、实用、好、好、便宜等的优点。。故答案为Energy-saving, environmental, technological, acceptable, economical, useful, great, good, cheap...。
文章讲了一位年轻的荷兰发明家正在尽力清理太平洋上漂浮的塑料。他发明了一种浮动装置阻止塑料垃圾在到达公海之前流入河流。斯莱特发明了他称之为"拦截器"的浮动装置，它可以清除河流中的塑料。
阅读表达题往往从不同的角度命题，既考查学生的阅读理解能力，也考查他们的英语表达能力和概括能力，另外，对回答的拼写、语法的正确性的也有较高的要求。

35.【答案】Dear Peter,
How is it going？
I'm writing to invite you to take part in the social practice activity on the theme of "Inheriting the Red Spirit, Remembering Our Mission". （写信目的）We are going to organize the activity in the community near our school next Friday afternoon. We'll meet at school gate.（什么时候在哪里见面） I will introduce the history of the Communist Party of China, then will introduce the advantages and meaning of garbage sorting to people so that they know the importance of it in our life. Then we will show how to sort the garbage.（在社会实践活动中做什么） Besides, there will be a talent show at the activity, and you should take a camera to take pictures. I hope you can learn more about garbage sorting by having this kind of activity.【高分句型一】（建议）
 I'm looking forward to your early reply.【高分句型二】

                                                                        Yours,
Li Hua


【解析】【高分句型一】
 I hope you can learn more about garbage sorting by having this kind of activity.我希望通过这个活动，你可以学到更多关于垃圾分类的知识。
I hope+宾语从句。
by doing sth通过做某事。
【高分句型二】
 I'm looking forward to your early reply.我期待您的早日回复。
look forward to期待……
能够根据提示进行书面表达，能够围绕主题准确使用一定的语法、词汇、短语和句型等，清楚连贯地表达自己的思想，进而完成写作任务。