Summary of Unit 3 知识点总结2021-2022学年人教版七年级英语下册教案
展开Unit 3 How do you get to school?
I. Sentence Patterns (句型)
- How do you/Bob and Mary get to school?
答语：I/They take a/the train/subway/bus/plane every day.
I/They ride (my bike/their bikes)/drive (the car)/walk to school every day.
=I/They get to school by/on the bike/train/subway/bus every day.
I/They get to school by/in the car/plane every day.
I/They get to school on foot every day.
- How does John get to school?
答语：He takes the train/takes the subway/takes the bus/takes the plane/rides her bike/drives her car/walks to school.
- How long does it take you to get home from school by subway? (How long does it take sb. to do sth.)
答语：It takes me about ten minutes to get to school by subway. (It takes sb. some time to do sth.)
- How far is it from your home to school?=How far is your school from your home? (How far is it from A to B?=How far is B from A?)
答语：It’s about ten kilometers.
It’s about twenty minutes by bus.
It’s about twenty-minute bus ride./It’s about twenty minutes’ bus ride.
- The bus ride takes me/him/her about forty minutes to get to the supermarket by bus.
- It’s good exercise.
[U]
- Does your mother drive (the/her car) to work? =Does your mother get to work by car/in her car?
- Do your parents take the bus to work? =Do your parents get to work by/on the bus ?
- My grandparents live far (away) from my home.
- How far do your grandparents live from your home?
答语：My grandparents live about five kilometers from my home.
- How long do you need to get to school?
答语：I need about thirty minutes/half an hour to get to school.
- How long does he/she/Nancy need to get to school?
答语：He/She/Nancy needs about thirty minutes/half an hour to get to school.
- There is a big river between their school and the village.
- There is no bridge (=There is not a bridge) and the river runs too quickly for boats.
- These students go on a ropeway to cross the river to school.
- He is not afraid to go across the river on a ropeway.
- My teacher is like a father to me.
- Many of the villagers never leave the village.
- It is their dream to have a bridge.=Their dream is to have a bridge.
- Can their dream come true?=Can they achieve/realize their dream?
II. Phrases(短语)
- take the/a subway/train/bus/plane to sp. (go to sp. by subway/train/bus/plane) 乘地铁/火车/公交车/飞机去某地
- the subway/train/bus/plane ride 地铁旅程
2. ride a/the/one’s bike to sp. (go to sp. by bike/on the/a/one’s bike) 骑自行车
3. one hundred and eight 一百零八
4. nine hundred and ninety-nine 九百九十九
5. leave for Beijing 动身去北京
6. cross the river on a ropeway 乘索道过河
7. drive home 开车回家
8. drive a car to Xi’an 开车去西安 (go to Xi’an by car/in the car)
9. drive her to Xi’an 捎她去西安
10. live in a/the village 住在村里
11. a bus stop/station 公交车站
12. stop to read停下来读
13. stop reading 停止读
14. one hour and a half/one and a half hours 一个半小时/90分钟
15. cross/go across the bridge 过桥
16. cross the river to school 过河去上学
17. go on a ropeway to sp.=go to sp. by ropeway/on the ropeway乘索道去某地
18. be afraid of dogs 害怕狗
19. be afraid to take a boat 害怕去乘船
21. how far 多远
22. how long 多长时间
23. live/be far from your home 离你家远
24. live two kilometers from school 住得离学校两公里远
25. fifty minutes by bike骑车五十分钟
26. come true 成真；实现
27. dream a sweet dream 做个好梦
28. dream about(of) him 梦到他
29. dream her to take the train 梦到她去坐火车
30. dream of (being) a teacher 梦想成为老师
31. drive his car to work 开车去上班
32. take me half an hour to read 我花半小时读书
33. leave Xi’an for Beijing 离开西安去北京
34. leave my book at home 把书落在家里
35. need an hour to get to school 需要一个小时到学校
36. between me and him 在我和他之间(两者之间)
37. an eleven-year-old boy=a boy of eleven years old 一个十一岁的男孩
38. like a father to me 像爸爸一样对我(be like像)
39. look like her 看起来像她
40. run quickly for boats 对船来说水流太急
III. Grammar(语法)
how引导的特殊疑问句
1. how是疑问副词，表示“如何；怎样”，位于句首，引导特殊疑问句，其结构为：
How+助动词/情态动词+主语+谓语+其他？
How+be动词+主语+其他？
2. how引导的特殊疑问句的常见用法：
- 询问交通方式，回答有三种：
a. take+限定词+交通工具，位于主语后，作谓语
e.g. -How does your father get to work? -He takes the subway to work.
b. 介词短语作方式状语，位于句末：by+交通工具
on/in+限定词+交通工具
on foot 步行
e.g. He gets to work by subway/on the subway/by car/in his car.
c. 动词walk/ride/drive/fly+to+地点名词，位于主语后，作谓语
e.g. He rides/walks/drives/flies to Xi’an.
B. 询问身体状况
e.g. -How is your grandmother today? -She is well/fine/OK.
C. 询问方式、方法
e.g. -How do you learn English well? -I learn English by(通过) listening to the English songs.
D. 询问程度、看法
e.g. -How is your weekend? -It’s wonderful!
-How do you like(=What do you think of) the song? -It sounds good.
E. 询问天气状况
e.g. -How is the weather(=What is the weather like) in Xi’an? -It’s sunny and warm.
F. 询问事情的进展情况
e.g. -How is it going? -Everything goes well. 一切顺利。
G. 用于问候语
熟人之间：How are you?
生人之间：How do you do?
3. 与how有关的疑问短语
- how long
a. 询问时间的长短，意为“多长时间”，回答时常用表示一段时间的词或短语。
e.g. -How long does it take you to finish your homework? -It takes me about one hour to finish my homework.
b. 询问物体物体的长度，意为“多长”，回答时用表示长度的词或短语。
e.g. -How long is the river? -It’s five hundred kilometers.
- how far询问距离，意为“多远”，特殊疑问句答语分两种情况：
e.g. -How far is it from your home to the bus stop?=How far is the bus stop from your home?
- 用长度单位表示距离
答语：-It’s about twelve kilometers.
b. 用时间表示距离
答语：-It’s fifteen-minute/fifteen minutes’/three-hour/three hours’/half an hour’s ride/bus ride/drive/walk(均为名词).
答语：-It’s eighteen minutes by bus.
C. how often询问做某事的频率，意为“多久一次”，回答用表示次数的词或短语，也用频度副词来回答
e.g. -How often does Nancy visit her aunt and uncle? -About one or two times a year.
-How often does Lucy clean the classroom? -She never does it.
D. how soon意为“多久以后”，常用于一般将来时，回答用“in+时间段”
e.g. -How soon will she come back? -She will be back in three months.
E. How about sth./doing sth.? 意为“(做)......怎么样”, = What about sth./doing sth.?，表示请求或建议，相当于Why not do sth.?/Why don’t you do sth.?/Let’s do sth.！
e.g. -How/What about playing soccer after school? -Sounds relaxing!
F. how old询问年龄，意为“多大”
e.g. -How old is your cousin? -He is thirteen years old.
G. how many询问可数名词的数，how much询问不可数名词的数和价钱
e.g. -How many students are there in your class? -There are fifty-five students in my class.
-How much water do you need one day? -About one liter(公升).
-How much is the blue sweater? -It’s ninety yuan.
