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2022届黑龙江省哈尔滨市高三上学期期中考试英语试题含解析
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这是一份2022届黑龙江省哈尔滨市高三上学期期中考试英语试题含解析，共20页。
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Guide t Stckhlm University Library
Our library ffers different types f studying places and prvides a gd studying envirnment.
Znes
The library is divided int different znes. The upper flr is a quiet zne with ver a thusand places fr silent reading and places where yu can sit and wrk with yur wn cmputer. The reading places cnsist mstly f tables and chairs. The grund flr is the zne where yu can talk. Here yu can find sfas and armchairs fr grup wrk.
Cmputers
Yu can use yur wn cmputer t cnnect t the wi-fi specially prepared fr ntebk cmputers; yu can als use library cmputers, which cntain the mst cmmnly used applicatins, such as Micrsft Office. They are situated in the area knwn as the Experimental Field n the grund flr.
Grup-study places
If yu want t discuss freely withut disturbing thers, yu can bk a study rm r sit at a table n the grund flr. Sme study rms are fr 2～3 peple and thers can hld up t 6～8 peple. All rms are marked n the library maps.
There are 40 grup-study rms that must be bked via the website. T bk, yu need an active University accunt and a valid University card. Yu can use a rm three hurs per day, nine hurs at mst per week.
Strage f Study Material
The library has lckers fr students t stre curse literature. When yu have btained at least 40 credits, yu may rent a lcker and pay 400 SEK fr a year’s rental perid.
Rules t be Fllwed
Mbile phne cnversatins are nt permitted anywhere in the library. Keep yur phne n silent as if yu were in a lecture and exit the library if yu need t receive calls.
Please nte that fd and fruit are frbidden in the library, but yu are allwed t have drinks and sweets with yu.
1. What is the library’s upper flr mainly fr students t d?
A. Read in a quiet place.B. Have grup discussins.
C. Take cmfrtable seats.D. Get their cmputers fixed.
2. What cnditin shuld be met t bk a grup-study rm?
A. A grup must cnsist f 8 peple.B. Three-hur use per day is the minimum.
C. One shuld first register at the university.D. Applicants must mark the rm n the map.
3. A student can rent a lcker in the library if he ________.
A. can affrd the rental feeB. attends certain curses
C. has nwhere t put his bksD. has earned the required credits
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇应用文。介绍了Stckhlm University Library这个图书馆的一些情况。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。题干中的the upper flr是有关地方的信息，这暗示我们可以在Znes(地带)这个段落里面去找。根据Znes中The upper flr is a quiet zne with ver a thusand places fr silent reading可知，上层是供阅读的地方，答案为A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。题干中的grup-study告诉读者答案应该出现在Grup-study Places中。A错在must，因为也可以是2-3 peple；B错在minimum(至少)，文中用了Yu can use a rm three hurs per day…；D错在不是applicants标注出来，而是这样的房间已经标注好了（All rms are marked n the library maps）。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。题干中的lcker出现在Strage f Study Material中，这里A、B、C、D中出现文中所提到信息有A和D，但和文中这句“When yu have btained at least 40 credits, yu may rent a lcker…”相匹配的只有D。故选D。
B
I nce cmplained t my friend Mike, “I ften cycle tw miles frm my huse t the twn center but unfrtunately there is a big hill n the rute.” He replied, “Yu mean frtunately.” He explained that I shuld be glad f the extra exercise that the hill prvided.
My attitude t the hill has nw changed. I used t cmplain as I apprached it but nw I tell myself the fllwing. This hill will exercise my heart and lungs. It will help me t lse weight and get fit. It will mean that I live lnger. This hill is my friend. Finally I cmfrt myself with the thught f all thse silly peple wh pay mney t g t a gym and sit n statinary exercise bicycles when I can get the same value fr free. I have a smile f satisfactin as I reach the tp f the hill.
Prblems are there t be faced and vercme. We cannt achieve anything with an easy life. Helen Keller was the first deaf and blind persn t gain a university degree. Her activism and writing prved inspiratinal. She wrte, “The character cannt be develped with ease. Only thrugh experiences f suffering can the sul be strengthened, visin cleared, ambitin inspired and success achieved.”
One f the main determinants f success in life is ur attitude twards adversity. Frm time t time we all face hardships，prblems，accidents and difficulties. Sme are f ur making but many are n fault f ur wn. While we cannt chse adversity, we can chse ur attitude twards it.
Duglas Bader was 21 when in 1931 he had bth legs cut ff fllwing a flying accident. He was determined t fly again and went n t becme ne f the leading flying aviatrs in the Battle f Britain with 22 aerial victries ver the Germans. He was an inspiratin t thers during the war. He said, “Dn’t listen t anyne wh tells yu that yu can’t d this r that. That’s nnsense. Make up yur mind, and yu’ll never use crutches r a stick, and then have a g at everything. G t schl, and jin in all the games yu can. G anywhere yu want t. But never, never let them persuade yu that things are t difficult r impssible.”
The bigraphies f great peple are full f examples f hw they tk steps t vercme the difficulties they faced. The cmmn thread is that they did nt becme depressed. They chse their attitude. They chse t be psitive. They tk n the challenge. They wn. Nevertheless, there is still the prblem f hw yu change yur attitude twards adversity.
4. Which f the fllwing is TRUE accrding t the authr f the passage?
A. One wh wants t achieve success can’t expect t live an easy life.
B. Climbing hills n bicycles is the best way t take exercise.
C. Ging t a gym is greatly beneficial t peple’s health.
D. Peple’s attitude t hardships is the nly factr f their success.
5. What des the authr intend t tell us by quting what Duglas Bader said?
A. Failure is the mther f success.
B. A bad wrkman quarrels with his tls.
C. If yu risk nthing, yu will have nthing.
D. Nthing is difficult t the man wh will try.
6. What will the authr further talk abut in the fllwing paragraph?
A. Hw his friend helped him t change his attitude twards the challenge he faced.
B. Why it is imprtant t keep ptimistic in the face f truble.
C. What steps t take t change yur attitude twards the difficulties yu face.
D. What great peple have in cmmn.
7. Which f the fllwing might be the best title f the passage?
A. Different attitudes twards misfrtune
B. Face difficulties with a smile
C. Nthing is impssible
D. Life is full f adversity
【答案】4. A 5. D 6. C 7. B
【解析】
【分析】本文为议论文。生活中，决定成败的主要因素之一是我们对待逆境的态度。虽然我们不能避免逆境，但是我们能选择面对它的态度。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中We cannt achieve anything with an easy life可知，一个想要成功的人不能期望过着轻松的生活，选项A符合题意。故选A。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据所引用的话“Dn t listen t anyne wh tells yu that yu can t d this r that. …Make up yur mind, and …G anywhere yu want t. But never, never let them persuade yu that things are t difficult r impssible.”可知Duglas Bader阐明了自己的观点，即“不要听任何人说你不能做这个或那个。…下定决心，去任何你想去的地方。…一切皆是有可能的”，这与D项“世上无难事，只要肯登攀”意境吻合，故选D。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段Nevertheless, there is still the prblem f hw yu change yur attitude twards adversity.可知，作者在接下来的段落中会谈论“如何改变对待逆境的态度”。故选C。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。本文通过名人对待逆境的例子，围绕面对逆境我们应持乐观的态度这一话题展开，所以B项“笑对逆境”适合做本文标题。
C
Wherever n the glbe she may be, humanitarian Nyamayar keeps clse t her native Africa by carrying a yellw dress. ''It reminds me f the bright, beautiful African sky I used t see in my small village,'' she tells Peple. Nyamayar's life path wasn't always s high-prfile. Grwing up, she assumed she'd spent her life cntributing t her village, and farming in the fields like the ther wmen arund her. But a chance encunter with a United Natins wrker that came amid a severe drught altered that path frever.
''I will never frget that day,'' Nyamayar says. ''A child dies frm hunger every five secnds, and I almst became ne f thse children. A severe drught had hit ur village when I turned 8 years ld and suddenly, my paradise changed vernight and there was nthing t eat r drink. I thught I was ging t die. It felt like there was n way f getting ut f this. But then this incredible thing happened, an African, wh was a United Natins humanitarian, fund me, and gave me a bwl f prridge that saved my life.'' The chance encunter prvided mre than just lifesaving nurishment-it pened the drs as t what culd be pssible fr her, wh immediately set her sights n wrking fr the United Natins just like her savir.
''I thught I want t be like her, s that ne day I can change the lives f thers. I'm s grateful fr that mment which was very devastating, because it gave my life s much meaning and purpse. The wman shwed me what was pssible. Smetimes ne mment can really change yur entire life.''
Just as the United Natins wrker pened her eyes t pprtunities previusly unknwn, Nyamayar hpes girls frm Africa can d the same fr children grwing up in villages just like her, as she knws her stry is nt unique.
8. Why is a yellw dress mentined in paragraph 1?
A. It stands fr her bright future.
B. It highlights her persnal preference.
C. It is related t the scenery f her hmetwn.
D. It is the lucky clr f her hmetwn.
9. Why did Nyamayar want t be a humanitarian?
A. T get rid f the pverty as sn as pssible.
B. T shulder the respnsibility f helping thers.
C. T seek fr chances t braden her mind.
D. T set an example fr the whle cuntry.
10. What des Nyamayar's career stry tell us?
A. Fame is a great thirst f the yung.
B. Success means getting persn's desires satisfied.
C. Ups and dwns make ne strng.
D. Where there's a will there's a way.
11. Where is this passage mst likely frm?
A. A magazine.B. A nvel.
C. A brchure.D. A guidebk.
【答案】8. C 9. B 10. D 11. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述人道主义者Nyamayar小时候得到别人的帮助，这件事对她影响很大，让她下定决心以后去帮助别人的故事。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Wherever n the glbe she may be, humanitarian Nyamayar keeps clse t her native Africa by carrying a yellw dress. ''It reminds me f the bright, beautiful African sky I used t see in my small village,'' she tells Peple.(无论她身在世界的哪个角落，人道主义者Nyamayar都穿着一件黄色连衣裙，与她的祖国非洲保持着密切的联系。她告诉《人物》杂志：“这让我想起了我曾经在我的小村庄看到的明亮、美丽的非洲天空。”)”推断，Nyamayar穿的黄色连衣裙能联系到家乡的景色，故选C。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“But then this incredible thing happened, an African, wh was a United Natins humanitarian, fund me, and gave me a bwl f prridge that saved my life.(但后来发生了一件不可思议的事情，一个非洲人，一个联合国人道主义者，找到了我，给了我一碗粥，救了我的命)”和“The chance encunter prvided mre than just lifesaving nurishment-it pened the drs as t what culd be pssible fr her, wh immediately set her sights n wrking fr the United Natins just like her savir.(这次偶遇提供的不仅仅是拯救生命的营养，它为她打开了一扇门，让她知道自己可以做些什么。她立刻下定决心，要像她的救世主一样为联合国工作)”可知，因为一个人道主义者帮助了Nyamayar这件事让她先要去帮助别人，所以Nyamayar想成为人道主义者去帮助别人，故选B。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Just as the United Natins wrker pened her eyes t pprtunities previusly unknwn, Nyamayar hpes girls frm Africa can d the same fr children grwing up in villages just like her, as she knws her stry is nt unique.(正如这位联合国工作人员打开了她的眼界，看到了以前不为人知的机会，Nyamayar希望来自非洲的女孩也能为像她一样在农村长大的孩子们做同样的事情，因为她知道她的故事并非独一无二)”和文章的描述可知Nyamayar成为人道主义者帮助他人是因为受到帮助她的人的启发，下定决心要去做这件事，并且成功了，所以D选项“有志者事竟成”是这个故事要告诉我们的道理，故选D。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章描述可知，本文主要讲述人道主义者Nyamayar小时候得到别人的帮助，这件事对她影响很大，让她下定决心以后去帮助别人的故事，这种励志故事最有可能能出现在杂志上，故选A。
D
Metal-rganic framewrks (MOFs) are cmpunds(化合物;复合物) that are set t slve sme tugh challenges: prducing water in the desert, remving greenhuse gases frm the air and string dangerus gases mre safely.
The Arizna desert is really dry. Anyne stuck in it withut water wuld die frm dehydratin (脱水) within three days, unless he had ne f Omar Yaghi's next-generatin water harvesters, wh is a chemist at the University f Califrnia, Berkeley. Althugh daytime wetness is nly abut 10 percent, this rises t 40 percent at night, which means there's enugh water in the atmsphere t supprt life - if it can be transfrmed int liquid frm.
That's exactly what Yaghi's inventin des. It's abut the size f a small micrwave ven, designed t suck the water frm the air at night and turn it int drinking water the next day using nly the heat f the sun as its pwer surce. What makes it wrk is a special material called a MOF, which at nrmal temperatures attracts water mlecules (分子) nt the surface f its internal small hles. Warm it up and get the water, each harvest prducing ne-third f a cup f pure drinking water. "A device the size f a washing machine culd prduce enugh water fr the basic needs f a husehld," says Yaghi.
These crystalline (结晶的) grups f metals linked by rganic mlecules can be made int materials with an extremely high absrptin ability, attracting specific mlecules t their surfaces. In this way, MOFscling ta variety f liquids and gases.
MOFs wrk thanks t their distinctive structure. In fact, ne MOF the size f a sugar cube has s many small hles that they wuld cver an area as large as six ftball fields. MOFs are als extremely stable, light and have many different uses: their mlecular structure can be varied t attract specific mlecules. Adding a small amunt f heat r pressure causes the MOF t give what it's hlding. Mre than 70,000 different MOFs have been prduced t date fr varius applicatins.
12. Why is the Arizna desert mentined in the secnd paragraph?
A. T intrduce water harvesters.
B. T stress the imprtance f water.
C. T shw the severity f its cnditin.
D. T express the urgent need fr water there.
13. What plays a vital rle in water harvesters?
A. Slar energy.
B. Water mlecules.
C. Metal-rganic framewrks.
D. MOFs' internal small hles.
14. Which can explain the phrase "cling t" underlined in paragraph 4?
A. Give ff.
B. Tum int.
C. Hld nt.
D. Break dwn.
15. What will prbably be cvered in the fllwing paragraphs?
A. The future f the MOF technlgy.
B. Other uses f the MOF technlgy.
C. The imprvement t the MOF technlgy.
D. Pssible limitatins f the MOF technlgy.
【答案】12. A 13. C 14. C 15. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了金属有机骨架(MOFs)的用途，结构和性能。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。由第二段“The Arizna desert is really dry. Anyne stuck in it withut water wuld die frm dehydratin（脱水）within three days. Unless, that is, they had ne f Omar Yaghi’s next-generatin water harvesters.”可知，亚利桑那沙漠非常干燥。任何没有水的人都会在三天内死于脱水。除非他们有奥马尔·亚吉的下一代水收集器，所以奥马尔·亚吉的下一代水收集器可以解决沙漠中缺水的问题。故判断出第二段提到亚利桑那沙漠是为了介绍水收集器。故选A。
【13题详解】
.细节理解题。由第三段“What makes it wrk is a special material called a metal-rganic framewrk (MOF)...”可知，使它工作的是一种称为有机框架(MOF)的特殊的材料，所以金属有机框架在水收集器中起着至关重要的作用。故选C。
【14题详解】
词句猜测题。由第四段“These crystalline cluster（结晶群）f metals, such as aluminum r magnesium, linked by rganic mlecules can be made int materials with an extremely high absrptin ability, attracting specific mlecules t their surface. In this way, MOFs cling t a variety f liquids and gases.”可知，这些由有机分子连接的金属结晶群，例如铝或镁，可制成具有极高吸收能力的材料，将特定分子吸到其表面。可知划线词所在的句子意思是MOF就是通过这种方式紧紧吸附各种液体和气体。第四段中划线词"cling t"意思是hld nt“紧紧抓住”的意思。故选C。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。由最后一段“Mre than 70,000 different MOFs have been prduced t date fr varius applicatins.”可知迄今为止，已有七万多种不同的MOF被生产用于各类实际应用中，所以我们通过短文最后一段的内容可以判断出，接下来的段落可能会涉及MOF科技的其它用途。故选B。
【点睛】根据上一段的内容来判断下一段的内容是解决判断题的重要的切入点。这一般适用于推测短文最后一段之后段落的内容。在这样的判断出，短文最后一段通常会以问题的方式留下疑问，或者以陈述句的形式给读者留下一个悬而未决的问题。这个时候以问题的方式留下疑问或者以陈述句的形式给读者留下一个悬而未决的问题就是下一段要讨论的内容。由最后段“Mre than 70,000 different MOFs have been prduced t date fr varius applicatins.”可知迄今为止，已有七万多种不同的MOF被生产用于各类实际应用中。所以我们通过短文最后段的内容可以判断出，以下段落可能会涉及MOF科技的其它用途。故小题4的正确选项为B选项。
第二节 （共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Did yu knw that abut 90% f peple in the wrld are right-handed? Althugh this subject is rarely discussed, life is ften difficult fr lefties in a right-handed wrld.
Many cultures have nt been friendly t lefties ver the years. ____16____ In Latin, it was cnnected with smething “unlucky” and “evil”. In Old English, “left” meant “weak”. In Islamic culture, peple cmmnly use their left hand t clean themselves after they use the tilet, s many Muslims feel the left hand is unclean.
Because f these ideas, parents ften frce their left-handed children t write with their right hands. ____17____ Studies shw that frcing left-handed children t use the right hand can cause learning disrders and speech issues. Besides these challenges, lefties must use tls which aren’t made fr them. Mst scissrs, knives, and musical instruments are designed fr righties. Using these items can be difficult r even dangerus fr lefties.
____18____ Sme believe that it ccurs due t gene mvements in the spinal crd befre birth. Anther study has said that there are scial reasns why few peple are lefties. Peple may chse t becme right-handed t fit in with thers.
Thugh there are challenges, being left-handed can be gd in many ways. ____19____ This is because right-handers wh play against them are nt used t their mves. Sme studies have als fund that n average, left-handers are better at remembering things and dealing with difficult math prblems.
Tday, sciety’s ideas abut being left-handed have started t change. Mre and mre peple believe that being left-handed is a gift t a persn instead f a curse (诅咒). ____20____ It’s n August 13 and called Internatinal Lefthanders Day. Left-handed peple gather tgether t celebrate. This special day lets peple knw that it’s OK if things aren’t all right all the time.
A. Left-handers have sme disadvantages.
B. There’s even a special day fr left-handers.
C. Being a left-hander smetimes dcs better jbs.
D. Fr starters, left-handers might d better in sprts.
E. Scientists still aren’t sure why peple becme left-handed.
F. Unfrtunately this can cause prblems with their develpment.
G. The wrd was linked t negative ideas in several languages.
【答案】16 G 17. F 18. E 19. C 20. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍左撇子的优势和劣势。世界上90%的人都是右撇子，虽然这个话题很少被讨论，但左撇子在右撇子的世界里生活往往很艰难。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Many cultures have nt been friendly t lefties ver the years.(多年来，许多文化对左撇子并不友好)”，且空格下文内容在描述左撇子在拉丁语和古老英语中的不友好的含义。由此可知，设空处承接上、下文，G项The wrd was linked t negative ideas in several languages.(在几种语言中，这个词与消极的想法联系在一起)切题。故选G。
【17题详解】
根据下文“Studies shw that frcing left-handed children t use the right hand can cause learning disrders and speech issues.(研究表明，强迫左撇子儿童使用右手会导致学习障碍和语言障碍)”可知，此处顺承下文，F项Unfrtunately, this can cause prblems with their develpment.(不幸的是，这可能会导致他们的发展问题)切题。该项中的cause prblems与下文的cause learning disrders and speech issues相吻合。故选F。
【18题详解】
该空位于段落首句，是中心句；根据下文“Sme believe that it ccurs due t gene mvements in the spinal crd befre birth. Anther study has said that there are scial reasns why few peple are lefties.( 一些人认为这是由于出生前脊髓中的基因运动造成的。另一项研究表明很少人是左撇子是有社会原因的)”可知，此处在讲述变成左撇子的原因。由此可知，E项Scientists still aren’t sure why peple becme left-handed.(科学家们仍然不能确定为什么人们会变成左撇子)切题。故选E。
【19题详解】
根据上文“Thugh there are challenges, being left-handed can be gd in many ways.(虽然有挑战，但左撇子在很多方面都是好的)”可知，此处在讲述左撇子的好处。由此可知，C项Being a left-hander smetimes dcs better jbs.(作为一个左撇子有时会有更好的工作)切题。故选C。
【20题详解】
根据下文“It’s n August 13 and called Internatinal Lefthanders Day.(这一天是8月13日，被称为国际左撇子日)”可知，左撇子有专门的特殊节日。由此可知，B项There’s even a special day fr left-handers.(甚至还有一个左撇子的特殊日子)切题。故选B。
第二部分 语言知识运用 （共两节，满分 45 分）
第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）
My daughter is nly tw years ld and, like mst girls, already has a nurturing（培育）spirit grwing inside her. She tries t ____21____ everything that she has. She already has favrite suits, favrite tys, and even a favrite blanket.
This blanket is a pink ne that was purchased fr her befre she was brn. It seems t be the ne she ____22____ the clsest. I always see her dragging that blanket arund frm upstairs t dwnstairs, dwnstairs t upstairs. She sits and eats with it, tries t brush her teeth with it, and ____23____ jumps right ut f the bath t run t it. Althugh it gets ____24____ many times in the curse f a week, it is almst always ____25____.
Nrmally I just laugh at the thing but recently my daughter has had a cld. Any parent will tell yu that germs（细菌）can get int the things the child has ____26____ with and cause them t stay sick
____27____ getting better. S，unwillingly, we ____28____ the blanket ut f my daughter’s daily life. Of curse, she wasn’t ____29____. It was smething that she lved and had established familiarity with and that she ____30____ was hers. Hwever, ____31____ the blanket is gne, she has a better ____32____ f getting ver her cld faster and nt getting sick again.
She desn’t knw it but the blanket is part f what was keeping her ____33____ in a state f sickness. We，as ____34____，knw a lt f things that are keeping us frm ur true purpse，r even，true happiness. But we wn’t let them ____35____.
We have friends, habits, and guilty pleasures that keep us caught in a state f sickness, disappintment, suffering r ____36____. We’d rather keep them____37____ because they are familiar.
____38____ smetimes change is beautiful.____39____ ur security blankets is a tugh chice but a ____40____step fr us t grw.
21. A. prtectB. cllectC. lveD. study
22. A. watchesB. keepsC. fllwsD. tuches
23. A. stillB. yetC. justD. even
24. A. washedB. repairedC. brkenD. changed
25. A. cleanB. dirtyC. gdD. bad
26. A. funB. patienceC. trubleD. cntact
27. A. instead fB. in favr fC. in spite fD. regardless f
28. A. wentB. ledC. frcedD. sent
29. A. excitedB. pleasedC. cnfusedD. ashamed
30. A. guessedB. prvedC. knewD. hped
31. A. sinceB. ifC. untilD. unless
32. A. ideaB. senseC. habitD. chance
33. A. relatedB. trappedC. disappintedD. inspired
34. A. researchersB. dctrsC. adultsD. friends
35. A. gB. hideC. happenD. develp
36. A. pityB. painC. curisityD. excitement
37. A. cmpleteB. safeC. clseD. pen
38. A. ButB. AndC. SD. Or
39. A. ObservingB. KeepingC. RepairingD. Drpping
40. A. pssibleB. perfectC. uniqueD. necessary
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. D 24. A 25. B 26. D 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. C 31. A 32. D 33. B 34. C 35. A 36. B 37. C 38. A 39. D 40. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过女儿和她最喜欢的毛毯的故事，说明了我们习惯于自己熟悉的事物。但是，很多时候我们对这种熟悉产生了一定的依赖，不愿放弃，从而阻碍了我们实现人生的目标或追寻真正的幸福。因此，作者提出我们要学会适时放手，有时改变也是美丽的。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她尽力去爱自己拥有的一切。A. prtect保护； B. cllect收集；C. lve 爱；D. study学习。根据下文多次提到的favrite以及第四段中的 “It was smething that she lved. （它是她所喜欢的东西。）”可知，作者的女儿尽力去爱自己拥有的物品。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：看起来毛毯是与她关系最紧密的东西。A. watches观看；B. keeps保持；C. fllws跟随；D. tuches触摸。根据下文的“I always see her dragging that blanket arund frm upstairs t dwnstairs, dwnstairs t upstairs.（我经常看见女儿楼上楼下来回拉着毯子。）”可知，她非常喜欢这个毯子，看得出她与毯子保持密切的关系。故选B项。
【23题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：她坐着吃东西和刷牙的时候都带着它甚至直接跳出浴室冲向它。A. still仍然；B. yet 但是；C. just只是；D. even甚至。分析语境可知，本句子中的“She sits and eats with it, tries t brush her teeth with it（坐着吃东西和刷牙的时候都带着它）”和“jumps right ut f the bath t run t it（跳出浴室冲向它）” 之间是递进关系，所以even是最佳答案。故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然毛毯一周之内经过好多次清洗，但它几乎一直都是脏的。A. washed清洗；B. repaired 修理；C. brken 打破；D. changed 改变。althugh引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然……”，再结合下一题的分析可知，本句是要表达“虽然每周清洗几次，但它依然还是脏的”。故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但它几乎一直都是脏的。A. clean干净的；B. dirty脏的；C. gd好的；D. bad 糟糕的。根据下一题的分析可知，孩子经常接触到的物品容易滋生细菌，引发疾病，这说明女儿经常玩耍用的毯子是很脏的。故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：任何一位家长都会告诉你细菌会进入孩子接触的东西并且让孩子们生病而不是变得更好。A. fun娱乐；B. patience耐心；C. truble麻烦； D. cntact接触。根据本句的“germs（细菌）”和“sick（生病）”可知，此处表示孩子经常“接触到”的物品容易滋生细菌，引发疾病，have cntact with：和……有接触。故选D项。
【27题详解】
考查短语辨析。句意：任何一位家长都会告诉你细菌会进入孩子接触的东西并且让孩子们生病而不是变得更好。A. instead f 代替，而不是；B. in favr f支持；C. in spite f 尽管，不管；D. regardless f不管。根据本句的“stay sick（病着）和getting better（好转）” 之间是转折关系，因此选择instead f符合语境。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，很不情愿地，我们将毛毯强迫带出孩子的生活。A. went去；B. led领导；C. frced强迫；D. sent发送。根据第2小题的分析可知，女儿很喜欢那条毛毯。但是弄脏的毛毯又容易引发疾病，再根据本句的“unwillingly（不情愿地）”可知，作者在不情愿的情况下，还是强行地拿走了女儿的毛毯。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当然她很不开心。A. excited兴奋的；B. pleased 快乐的；C. cnfused困惑的；D. ashamed惭愧的。根据上一题的分析可知，作者不让自己的女儿玩最喜欢的毛毯，她当然不高兴。故选B项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那是她喜欢和熟悉的东西，她知道那是属于她的东西。A. guessed猜测；B. prved证明；C. knew知道；D. hped希望。根据本句的“lved（喜爱）”和“had established（已经建立了）”可知，应该填入的词与它们形成意义上的递进，所以knew 为最佳答案，表示女儿知道她喜欢的东西是自己的。故选C项。
【31题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：然而，自从毛毯不见了，她有了更好的机会能够更快地战胜感冒并且不再生病。A. since自从；B. if如果；C. until直到；D. unless 除非。根据本句的“getting ver her cld faster and nt getting sick again（更快的战胜了感冒并且没有再次生病）” 并结合第8题的分析可知，作者的女儿从感冒中得以快速的痊愈是因为不再接触那个脏的毛毯，即快速的痊愈是自从离开那个脏兮兮的毛毯开始的。故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，自从毛毯不见了，她有了更好的机会能够更快地战胜感冒并且不再生病。A. idea想法；B. sense 意义；C. habit 习惯；D. chance 机会。根据上一题的分析可知，女儿不再经常接触那条毛毯为她更快地从感冒中痊愈和以后不再感冒提供了机会，所以chance为最佳答案。故选D项。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她并不知道这一点，但是这个毛毯是使她受困于疾病的一部分因素。A. related相关的；B. trapped受困的；C. disappinted失望的；D. inspired受鼓舞的。根据第11题的分析可知，脏的毛毯是女儿感冒的原因，即作者的女儿被毛毯带来的疾病所困扰，trapped合乎语境，下一段的caught也是提示词。故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为成年人的我们知道有许多东西正在阻止我们实现真正的目的，甚至真正的幸福。A. researchers研究人员；B. dctrs医生；C. adults 成年人；D. friends朋友。根据本句的“as（作为）”可知，we 与所填入的词指代的人物是一致的，再结合下文描述的“我们（一般人）的情况”可知，adults为最佳答案。故选C项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是我们却不愿意放手。A. g离去；B. hide 隐藏；C. happen发生；D. develp发展。根据前文“We knw a lt f things that are keeping us frm ur true purpse，r even，true happiness. （我们知道有许多事物阻碍我们实现真正的目的，甚至阻碍我们追寻真正的幸福。）和but表示转折可知，本句表达的是“对那些事物，我们却不愿意放手”。故选A项。
【36题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的朋友、习惯还有愧疚的愉悦使我们受困于一种疾病、失望、苦难或者是痛苦的状态中。A. pity遗憾； B. pain痛苦；C. curisity好奇心； D. excitement 兴奋；根据本句的“sickness, disappintment, suffering（疾病，沮丧，苦难）”可知，应该填入的词与它们在意思上相近，因此pain是符合语境的。故选B项。
【37题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们宁愿不放手因为我们对他们很熟悉。A. cmplete完整的；B. safe 安全的；C. clse紧密的；D. pen开放的。根据本句的“because they are familiar（因为我们熟悉他们）”并结合第15题的分析可知，我们熟悉他们，我们不愿意放手。因此，我们与他们的关系很是紧密。故选C项。
【38题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：但是改变有些时候是美好的。A. But但是；B. And并且；C. S因此；D. Or或者。根据上一题的分析可知，人们习惯于熟悉的事物，不愿意改变，不愿意放手，再结合本句中的“ smetimes change is beautiful（改变有时是美好的）”可知，本句与上文之间是转折关系。故选A项。
【39题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：放弃我们手里的“安全毯”是困难的选择，但是它是我们成长过程中必要的一步。A. Observing观察；B. Keeping保持；C. Repairing 修理；D. Drpping 放下，丢下；根据第17题的分析可知，我们对于熟悉的人和事物是不愿意放手的。由此可推知，放弃我们手里的“安全毯”是件困难的事情。故选D项。
【40题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：放弃我们手里“安全毯”是困难的选择，但是它是我们成长过程中必要的一步。A. pssible可能的；B. perfect完美的；C. unique 独一无二的；D. necessary 必要的。根据第18题的分析可知，作者强调学会改变。本句的but表示转折，因此虽然很难，但是学会适时放弃一些事情是人成长过程中重要的和必要的一步。故选D项。
第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A law amendment(修正案) that allws cuples in China t have three children ____41____(pass) n Friday. Supprtive measures aimed at encuraging births, such as prtecting wmen’s wrkplace rights and ____42____(lwer) educatin csts, als received legal backing in the revised Ppulatin and Family Planing Law.
The plicy shift addresses the challenge f declining birth rates. Accrding t the ____43____(late) natinal survey, the prprtin f thse aged 60 and abve rse t 18.7 percent last year, while the birth rate ____44____(drp) t 1.3 children per wman.
Zhang Guilng, ____45____ fficial frm the NPC, says that revisins made t the law are aimed at ensuring prgress can be made tward the gal f achieving ____46____(balance) ppulatin develpment in the lng run.
In particular, the revised law serves ____47____ a push fr establishing affrdable nursery care service systems. In ____48____(respnd) t cncerns that the third-child plicy will likely deepen gender discriminatin against wrking wmen, the law states that a wmen’s right t emplyment will be guaranteed and that emplyment services will be prvided fr thse ____49____ jbs are affected due t pregnancies.
The law als fr the first time addresses parental leave, making _____50_____ clear that supprt will be given t regins exercising the practice.
【答案】41. was passed
42. lwering
43. latest 44. drpped
45. an 46. balanced
47. as 48. respnse
49. whse 50. it
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了周五，中国通过了一项允许夫妇生育三个孩子的法律修正案。
【41题详解】
考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：周五，中国通过了一项允许夫妇生育三个孩子的法律修正案。本句有时间状语n Friday，结合下文received也使用了过去时，此处陈述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时，主语A law amendment和pass为被动关系，主语为单数名词，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填was passed。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：旨在鼓励生育的支持性措施，如保护妇女的工作场所权利和降低教育费用，也在修订后的《人口和计划生育法》中得到法律支持。此处为measures“措施”的两个例子，lwering和prtecting为并列结构，需填动名词作宾语。故填lwering。
【43题详解】
考查最高级。句意：根据最新的全国调查，去年60岁及以上的人口比例上升到18.7%，而出生率下降到每个妇女1.3个孩子。定冠词the修饰形容词最高级。故填latest。
【44题详解】
考查动词时态。句意同上。根据时间状语“last year”可知，此处使用一般过去时。故填drpped。
【45题详解】
考查冠词。句意：全国人大官员张贵龙表示，对该法律的修订旨在确保从长远来看能够朝着实现人口平衡发展的目标取得进展。fficial为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且fficial发音以元音音素开头，需用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。
【46题详解】
考查形容词。句意同上。空处需填形容词作定语，修饰名词ppulatin develpment。故填balanced。
【47题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：特别是，此次修改案是为了推进建立负担得起的保育服务体系。serve as...为固定短语，表示“充当”。故填as。
【48题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：针对“三胎”政策可能会加剧对职业女性的性别歧视的担忧，该法律表示，将保障女性的就业权利，并为那些因怀孕而工作受到影响的人提供就业服务。In respnse t…为固定短语，表示“回应”。故填respnse。
【49题详解】
考查定语从句。句意同上。空处引导定语从句，先行词thse，在定语从句中作定语，需用关系代词whse引导。故填whse。
【50题详解】
考查代词。句意：该法律还首次解决了育儿假问题，明确表示将给予实施育儿假的地区支持。“make it adj.+that…”为固定用法，it为形式宾语，that引导宾语从句。故填it。
第三部分 写作 （共两节，满分 35 分）
第一节 短文改错（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分）
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌的以下作文。文中共有 10处语言错误。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在其下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改 10处，多者（从第 11处起）不计分。
Dear Sir，
I have learned that vlunteers fr Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games is needed.I’m writing t apply t this psitin. As native f Beijing, I think it is a privilege and dutyfr me t ffer the best vluntary service t ur freign guests and meanwhile prmting Chinese culture. I believe I’m equally t the jb. I have a gd cmmand f English and I’m cnfident in giving players guidance and help as requiring. What’s mre, I have a knwledge f winter sprts, which they will prve helpful in cmmunicating with players. Additinally, I had been invlved in several internatinal exchange prgrams, but enjy spreading ur culture t freigners.
I wuld appreciate it if yu culd ffer me the pprtunities. Thank yu fr yur time and cnsideratin.
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】1. is→are
2.t→fr
3. as 后加a
4. prmting→prmte
5. equally→equal
6.requiring→required
7. 删除they
8. had→have
9. but →and
10.pprtunities→pprtunity
【解析】
【分析】本文是一封申请信。李华申请成为2022年冬奥会的志愿者。
【详解】1.考查主谓一致。句意：我听说北京2022年冬奥会需要志愿者。主语vlunteers是复数，谓语动词用复数，文章主时态是一般现在时，故将is改为are。
2.考查介词。句意：我写信想申请这个职位。固定短语：apply t的意思是“适用于”；apply fr的意思是“申请”，此处表示“申请这个职位”，故将t改为fr。
3.考查冠词。句意：作为北京人，我认为为外宾提供最好的志愿服务，同时弘扬中华文化，是我的荣幸和责任。native“本地人，当地人”为可数名词，此处指作者本人，所以应用单数，其前要加不定冠词。故as后加a。
4.考查非谓语动词。句意同上。It is + n.+fr sb. t d sth.是固定搭配，根据本句中and可知，此处的prmte和t ffer为并列关系，当不定式并列时，第一个动词前要加上t，其它的可以省略t。所以prmting改为prmte。
5.考查形容词。句意：我相信我能胜任这份工作。am是系动词，接形容词作表语，be equal t sth.“能够胜任某工作/职位”。故将equally改为equal。
6.考查状语从句的省略。句意：我有很好的英语能力，我有信心在需要的时候给球员指导和帮助。分析句子可知，此处是as(I am)required的省略，当主句主语和从句主语一致，且从句谓语动词有be时，从句主语和be可以省略，I和require是动宾关系，应该用被动语态，故将requiring改为required。
7.考查代词。句意：而且，我对冬季运动有一定的了解，这对于和运动员交流很有帮助。分析可知，which之后的内容为非限制性定语从句，which在从句中作主语，指代主句，所以此处they多余，故删除they。
8.考查时态。句意：此外，我还参加了几个国际交流项目，我喜欢向外国人传播我们的文化。根据前文内容可知，作者讲述了自己想作为一名申请人的优势，所以用了一般现在时。此处指自己在申请之前已经参加过一些国际的交流项目，表明这些项目带给自己的结果，所以时态要用现在完成时。故had改为have。
9.考查连词。句意同上。分析可知，逗号前后的两个分句是并列关系，并非转折，故将but改为and。
10.考查名词。句意：如果你能给我机会，我会很感激的。此处特指上文提到的这一次机会，名词用单数，故将pprtunities改为pprtunity。
第二节 书面表达（满分 25 分）
52. 假如你是校报编辑李华。今年是抗美援朝纪念七十周年，你校组织全体师生，于上周末前往烈士陵园参观，请你为此写一篇校内新闻，内容应包括：
1.活动过程；
2.活动意义。
注意：1.写作词数应为 100 词左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
抗美援朝：the War t Resist US Aggressin and Aid Krea.
A Visit t the Memrial Park
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 A Visit t the Memrial Park
A ne-day tur t the Memrial Park was scheduled last week under the arrangement f ur schl with students’ and teachers’ burning participatin.
This educatinal event featured ur cnstant respect fr dead sldiers under diverse mnuments alng tree-lined paths, facilitating an verall impressin with histric mments fr war heres. One f the highlights belnged t ur guide’s descriptin f a devted sldier lsing his life fr saving a drwning Krean kid, pushing all t tears.
In admiratin f the devted spirits, this remarkable pprtunity bsted ur awareness f the belved cuntry and ur respnsibility fr future cntributins.
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于记叙文。假如你是校报编辑李华。今年是抗美援朝纪念七十周年，你校组织全体师生，于上周末前往烈士陵园参观，请你为此写一篇校内新闻。
【详解】1.词汇积累
参加：attendance→participatin
促进：prmte→bst
教育的：instructinal→educatinal
忠诚的：cmmitted→devted
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：One f the highlights belnged t ur guide’s descriptin f a devted sldier lsing his life fr saving a drwning Krean kid, pushing all t tears.
拓展句：One f the highlights belnged t ur guide’s descriptin f a devted sldier lsing his life fr saving a drwning Krean kid, which pushed all t tears.
【点睛】[高分句型1] This educatinal event featured ur cnstant respect fr dead sldiers under diverse mnuments alng tree-lined paths, facilitating an verall impressin with histric mments fr war heres. (运用了现在分词作状语)
[高分句型2] One f the highlights belnged t ur guide’s descriptin f a devted sldier lsing his life fr saving a drwning Krean kid, pushing all t tears. (运用了动名词作宾语)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Guide t Stckhlm University Library
Our library ffers different types f studying places and prvides a gd studying envirnment.
Znes
The library is divided int different znes. The upper flr is a quiet zne with ver a thusand places fr silent reading and places where yu can sit and wrk with yur wn cmputer. The reading places cnsist mstly f tables and chairs. The grund flr is the zne where yu can talk. Here yu can find sfas and armchairs fr grup wrk.
Cmputers
Yu can use yur wn cmputer t cnnect t the wi-fi specially prepared fr ntebk cmputers; yu can als use library cmputers, which cntain the mst cmmnly used applicatins, such as Micrsft Office. They are situated in the area knwn as the Experimental Field n the grund flr.
Grup-study places
If yu want t discuss freely withut disturbing thers, yu can bk a study rm r sit at a table n the grund flr. Sme study rms are fr 2～3 peple and thers can hld up t 6～8 peple. All rms are marked n the library maps.
There are 40 grup-study rms that must be bked via the website. T bk, yu need an active University accunt and a valid University card. Yu can use a rm three hurs per day, nine hurs at mst per week.
Strage f Study Material
The library has lckers fr students t stre curse literature. When yu have btained at least 40 credits, yu may rent a lcker and pay 400 SEK fr a year’s rental perid.
Rules t be Fllwed
Mbile phne cnversatins are nt permitted anywhere in the library. Keep yur phne n silent as if yu were in a lecture and exit the library if yu need t receive calls.
Please nte that fd and fruit are frbidden in the library, but yu are allwed t have drinks and sweets with yu.
1. What is the library’s upper flr mainly fr students t d?
A. Read in a quiet place.B. Have grup discussins.
C. Take cmfrtable seats.D. Get their cmputers fixed.
2. What cnditin shuld be met t bk a grup-study rm?
A. A grup must cnsist f 8 peple.B. Three-hur use per day is the minimum.
C. One shuld first register at the university.D. Applicants must mark the rm n the map.
3. A student can rent a lcker in the library if he ________.
A. can affrd the rental feeB. attends certain curses
C. has nwhere t put his bksD. has earned the required credits
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇应用文。介绍了Stckhlm University Library这个图书馆的一些情况。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。题干中的the upper flr是有关地方的信息，这暗示我们可以在Znes(地带)这个段落里面去找。根据Znes中The upper flr is a quiet zne with ver a thusand places fr silent reading可知，上层是供阅读的地方，答案为A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。题干中的grup-study告诉读者答案应该出现在Grup-study Places中。A错在must，因为也可以是2-3 peple；B错在minimum(至少)，文中用了Yu can use a rm three hurs per day…；D错在不是applicants标注出来，而是这样的房间已经标注好了（All rms are marked n the library maps）。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。题干中的lcker出现在Strage f Study Material中，这里A、B、C、D中出现文中所提到信息有A和D，但和文中这句“When yu have btained at least 40 credits, yu may rent a lcker…”相匹配的只有D。故选D。
B
I nce cmplained t my friend Mike, “I ften cycle tw miles frm my huse t the twn center but unfrtunately there is a big hill n the rute.” He replied, “Yu mean frtunately.” He explained that I shuld be glad f the extra exercise that the hill prvided.
My attitude t the hill has nw changed. I used t cmplain as I apprached it but nw I tell myself the fllwing. This hill will exercise my heart and lungs. It will help me t lse weight and get fit. It will mean that I live lnger. This hill is my friend. Finally I cmfrt myself with the thught f all thse silly peple wh pay mney t g t a gym and sit n statinary exercise bicycles when I can get the same value fr free. I have a smile f satisfactin as I reach the tp f the hill.
Prblems are there t be faced and vercme. We cannt achieve anything with an easy life. Helen Keller was the first deaf and blind persn t gain a university degree. Her activism and writing prved inspiratinal. She wrte, “The character cannt be develped with ease. Only thrugh experiences f suffering can the sul be strengthened, visin cleared, ambitin inspired and success achieved.”
One f the main determinants f success in life is ur attitude twards adversity. Frm time t time we all face hardships，prblems，accidents and difficulties. Sme are f ur making but many are n fault f ur wn. While we cannt chse adversity, we can chse ur attitude twards it.
Duglas Bader was 21 when in 1931 he had bth legs cut ff fllwing a flying accident. He was determined t fly again and went n t becme ne f the leading flying aviatrs in the Battle f Britain with 22 aerial victries ver the Germans. He was an inspiratin t thers during the war. He said, “Dn’t listen t anyne wh tells yu that yu can’t d this r that. That’s nnsense. Make up yur mind, and yu’ll never use crutches r a stick, and then have a g at everything. G t schl, and jin in all the games yu can. G anywhere yu want t. But never, never let them persuade yu that things are t difficult r impssible.”
The bigraphies f great peple are full f examples f hw they tk steps t vercme the difficulties they faced. The cmmn thread is that they did nt becme depressed. They chse their attitude. They chse t be psitive. They tk n the challenge. They wn. Nevertheless, there is still the prblem f hw yu change yur attitude twards adversity.
4. Which f the fllwing is TRUE accrding t the authr f the passage?
A. One wh wants t achieve success can’t expect t live an easy life.
B. Climbing hills n bicycles is the best way t take exercise.
C. Ging t a gym is greatly beneficial t peple’s health.
D. Peple’s attitude t hardships is the nly factr f their success.
5. What des the authr intend t tell us by quting what Duglas Bader said?
A. Failure is the mther f success.
B. A bad wrkman quarrels with his tls.
C. If yu risk nthing, yu will have nthing.
D. Nthing is difficult t the man wh will try.
6. What will the authr further talk abut in the fllwing paragraph?
A. Hw his friend helped him t change his attitude twards the challenge he faced.
B. Why it is imprtant t keep ptimistic in the face f truble.
C. What steps t take t change yur attitude twards the difficulties yu face.
D. What great peple have in cmmn.
7. Which f the fllwing might be the best title f the passage?
A. Different attitudes twards misfrtune
B. Face difficulties with a smile
C. Nthing is impssible
D. Life is full f adversity
【答案】4. A 5. D 6. C 7. B
【解析】
【分析】本文为议论文。生活中，决定成败的主要因素之一是我们对待逆境的态度。虽然我们不能避免逆境，但是我们能选择面对它的态度。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中We cannt achieve anything with an easy life可知，一个想要成功的人不能期望过着轻松的生活，选项A符合题意。故选A。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据所引用的话“Dn t listen t anyne wh tells yu that yu can t d this r that. …Make up yur mind, and …G anywhere yu want t. But never, never let them persuade yu that things are t difficult r impssible.”可知Duglas Bader阐明了自己的观点，即“不要听任何人说你不能做这个或那个。…下定决心，去任何你想去的地方。…一切皆是有可能的”，这与D项“世上无难事，只要肯登攀”意境吻合，故选D。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段Nevertheless, there is still the prblem f hw yu change yur attitude twards adversity.可知，作者在接下来的段落中会谈论“如何改变对待逆境的态度”。故选C。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。本文通过名人对待逆境的例子，围绕面对逆境我们应持乐观的态度这一话题展开，所以B项“笑对逆境”适合做本文标题。
C
Wherever n the glbe she may be, humanitarian Nyamayar keeps clse t her native Africa by carrying a yellw dress. ''It reminds me f the bright, beautiful African sky I used t see in my small village,'' she tells Peple. Nyamayar's life path wasn't always s high-prfile. Grwing up, she assumed she'd spent her life cntributing t her village, and farming in the fields like the ther wmen arund her. But a chance encunter with a United Natins wrker that came amid a severe drught altered that path frever.
''I will never frget that day,'' Nyamayar says. ''A child dies frm hunger every five secnds, and I almst became ne f thse children. A severe drught had hit ur village when I turned 8 years ld and suddenly, my paradise changed vernight and there was nthing t eat r drink. I thught I was ging t die. It felt like there was n way f getting ut f this. But then this incredible thing happened, an African, wh was a United Natins humanitarian, fund me, and gave me a bwl f prridge that saved my life.'' The chance encunter prvided mre than just lifesaving nurishment-it pened the drs as t what culd be pssible fr her, wh immediately set her sights n wrking fr the United Natins just like her savir.
''I thught I want t be like her, s that ne day I can change the lives f thers. I'm s grateful fr that mment which was very devastating, because it gave my life s much meaning and purpse. The wman shwed me what was pssible. Smetimes ne mment can really change yur entire life.''
Just as the United Natins wrker pened her eyes t pprtunities previusly unknwn, Nyamayar hpes girls frm Africa can d the same fr children grwing up in villages just like her, as she knws her stry is nt unique.
8. Why is a yellw dress mentined in paragraph 1?
A. It stands fr her bright future.
B. It highlights her persnal preference.
C. It is related t the scenery f her hmetwn.
D. It is the lucky clr f her hmetwn.
9. Why did Nyamayar want t be a humanitarian?
A. T get rid f the pverty as sn as pssible.
B. T shulder the respnsibility f helping thers.
C. T seek fr chances t braden her mind.
D. T set an example fr the whle cuntry.
10. What des Nyamayar's career stry tell us?
A. Fame is a great thirst f the yung.
B. Success means getting persn's desires satisfied.
C. Ups and dwns make ne strng.
D. Where there's a will there's a way.
11. Where is this passage mst likely frm?
A. A magazine.B. A nvel.
C. A brchure.D. A guidebk.
【答案】8. C 9. B 10. D 11. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述人道主义者Nyamayar小时候得到别人的帮助，这件事对她影响很大，让她下定决心以后去帮助别人的故事。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Wherever n the glbe she may be, humanitarian Nyamayar keeps clse t her native Africa by carrying a yellw dress. ''It reminds me f the bright, beautiful African sky I used t see in my small village,'' she tells Peple.(无论她身在世界的哪个角落，人道主义者Nyamayar都穿着一件黄色连衣裙，与她的祖国非洲保持着密切的联系。她告诉《人物》杂志：“这让我想起了我曾经在我的小村庄看到的明亮、美丽的非洲天空。”)”推断，Nyamayar穿的黄色连衣裙能联系到家乡的景色，故选C。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“But then this incredible thing happened, an African, wh was a United Natins humanitarian, fund me, and gave me a bwl f prridge that saved my life.(但后来发生了一件不可思议的事情，一个非洲人，一个联合国人道主义者，找到了我，给了我一碗粥，救了我的命)”和“The chance encunter prvided mre than just lifesaving nurishment-it pened the drs as t what culd be pssible fr her, wh immediately set her sights n wrking fr the United Natins just like her savir.(这次偶遇提供的不仅仅是拯救生命的营养，它为她打开了一扇门，让她知道自己可以做些什么。她立刻下定决心，要像她的救世主一样为联合国工作)”可知，因为一个人道主义者帮助了Nyamayar这件事让她先要去帮助别人，所以Nyamayar想成为人道主义者去帮助别人，故选B。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Just as the United Natins wrker pened her eyes t pprtunities previusly unknwn, Nyamayar hpes girls frm Africa can d the same fr children grwing up in villages just like her, as she knws her stry is nt unique.(正如这位联合国工作人员打开了她的眼界，看到了以前不为人知的机会，Nyamayar希望来自非洲的女孩也能为像她一样在农村长大的孩子们做同样的事情，因为她知道她的故事并非独一无二)”和文章的描述可知Nyamayar成为人道主义者帮助他人是因为受到帮助她的人的启发，下定决心要去做这件事，并且成功了，所以D选项“有志者事竟成”是这个故事要告诉我们的道理，故选D。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章描述可知，本文主要讲述人道主义者Nyamayar小时候得到别人的帮助，这件事对她影响很大，让她下定决心以后去帮助别人的故事，这种励志故事最有可能能出现在杂志上，故选A。
D
Metal-rganic framewrks (MOFs) are cmpunds(化合物;复合物) that are set t slve sme tugh challenges: prducing water in the desert, remving greenhuse gases frm the air and string dangerus gases mre safely.
The Arizna desert is really dry. Anyne stuck in it withut water wuld die frm dehydratin (脱水) within three days, unless he had ne f Omar Yaghi's next-generatin water harvesters, wh is a chemist at the University f Califrnia, Berkeley. Althugh daytime wetness is nly abut 10 percent, this rises t 40 percent at night, which means there's enugh water in the atmsphere t supprt life - if it can be transfrmed int liquid frm.
That's exactly what Yaghi's inventin des. It's abut the size f a small micrwave ven, designed t suck the water frm the air at night and turn it int drinking water the next day using nly the heat f the sun as its pwer surce. What makes it wrk is a special material called a MOF, which at nrmal temperatures attracts water mlecules (分子) nt the surface f its internal small hles. Warm it up and get the water, each harvest prducing ne-third f a cup f pure drinking water. "A device the size f a washing machine culd prduce enugh water fr the basic needs f a husehld," says Yaghi.
These crystalline (结晶的) grups f metals linked by rganic mlecules can be made int materials with an extremely high absrptin ability, attracting specific mlecules t their surfaces. In this way, MOFscling ta variety f liquids and gases.
MOFs wrk thanks t their distinctive structure. In fact, ne MOF the size f a sugar cube has s many small hles that they wuld cver an area as large as six ftball fields. MOFs are als extremely stable, light and have many different uses: their mlecular structure can be varied t attract specific mlecules. Adding a small amunt f heat r pressure causes the MOF t give what it's hlding. Mre than 70,000 different MOFs have been prduced t date fr varius applicatins.
12. Why is the Arizna desert mentined in the secnd paragraph?
A. T intrduce water harvesters.
B. T stress the imprtance f water.
C. T shw the severity f its cnditin.
D. T express the urgent need fr water there.
13. What plays a vital rle in water harvesters?
A. Slar energy.
B. Water mlecules.
C. Metal-rganic framewrks.
D. MOFs' internal small hles.
14. Which can explain the phrase "cling t" underlined in paragraph 4?
A. Give ff.
B. Tum int.
C. Hld nt.
D. Break dwn.
15. What will prbably be cvered in the fllwing paragraphs?
A. The future f the MOF technlgy.
B. Other uses f the MOF technlgy.
C. The imprvement t the MOF technlgy.
D. Pssible limitatins f the MOF technlgy.
【答案】12. A 13. C 14. C 15. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了金属有机骨架(MOFs)的用途，结构和性能。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。由第二段“The Arizna desert is really dry. Anyne stuck in it withut water wuld die frm dehydratin（脱水）within three days. Unless, that is, they had ne f Omar Yaghi’s next-generatin water harvesters.”可知，亚利桑那沙漠非常干燥。任何没有水的人都会在三天内死于脱水。除非他们有奥马尔·亚吉的下一代水收集器，所以奥马尔·亚吉的下一代水收集器可以解决沙漠中缺水的问题。故判断出第二段提到亚利桑那沙漠是为了介绍水收集器。故选A。
【13题详解】
.细节理解题。由第三段“What makes it wrk is a special material called a metal-rganic framewrk (MOF)...”可知，使它工作的是一种称为有机框架(MOF)的特殊的材料，所以金属有机框架在水收集器中起着至关重要的作用。故选C。
【14题详解】
词句猜测题。由第四段“These crystalline cluster（结晶群）f metals, such as aluminum r magnesium, linked by rganic mlecules can be made int materials with an extremely high absrptin ability, attracting specific mlecules t their surface. In this way, MOFs cling t a variety f liquids and gases.”可知，这些由有机分子连接的金属结晶群，例如铝或镁，可制成具有极高吸收能力的材料，将特定分子吸到其表面。可知划线词所在的句子意思是MOF就是通过这种方式紧紧吸附各种液体和气体。第四段中划线词"cling t"意思是hld nt“紧紧抓住”的意思。故选C。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。由最后一段“Mre than 70,000 different MOFs have been prduced t date fr varius applicatins.”可知迄今为止，已有七万多种不同的MOF被生产用于各类实际应用中，所以我们通过短文最后一段的内容可以判断出，接下来的段落可能会涉及MOF科技的其它用途。故选B。
【点睛】根据上一段的内容来判断下一段的内容是解决判断题的重要的切入点。这一般适用于推测短文最后一段之后段落的内容。在这样的判断出，短文最后一段通常会以问题的方式留下疑问，或者以陈述句的形式给读者留下一个悬而未决的问题。这个时候以问题的方式留下疑问或者以陈述句的形式给读者留下一个悬而未决的问题就是下一段要讨论的内容。由最后段“Mre than 70,000 different MOFs have been prduced t date fr varius applicatins.”可知迄今为止，已有七万多种不同的MOF被生产用于各类实际应用中。所以我们通过短文最后段的内容可以判断出，以下段落可能会涉及MOF科技的其它用途。故小题4的正确选项为B选项。
第二节 （共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Did yu knw that abut 90% f peple in the wrld are right-handed? Althugh this subject is rarely discussed, life is ften difficult fr lefties in a right-handed wrld.
Many cultures have nt been friendly t lefties ver the years. ____16____ In Latin, it was cnnected with smething “unlucky” and “evil”. In Old English, “left” meant “weak”. In Islamic culture, peple cmmnly use their left hand t clean themselves after they use the tilet, s many Muslims feel the left hand is unclean.
Because f these ideas, parents ften frce their left-handed children t write with their right hands. ____17____ Studies shw that frcing left-handed children t use the right hand can cause learning disrders and speech issues. Besides these challenges, lefties must use tls which aren’t made fr them. Mst scissrs, knives, and musical instruments are designed fr righties. Using these items can be difficult r even dangerus fr lefties.
____18____ Sme believe that it ccurs due t gene mvements in the spinal crd befre birth. Anther study has said that there are scial reasns why few peple are lefties. Peple may chse t becme right-handed t fit in with thers.
Thugh there are challenges, being left-handed can be gd in many ways. ____19____ This is because right-handers wh play against them are nt used t their mves. Sme studies have als fund that n average, left-handers are better at remembering things and dealing with difficult math prblems.
Tday, sciety’s ideas abut being left-handed have started t change. Mre and mre peple believe that being left-handed is a gift t a persn instead f a curse (诅咒). ____20____ It’s n August 13 and called Internatinal Lefthanders Day. Left-handed peple gather tgether t celebrate. This special day lets peple knw that it’s OK if things aren’t all right all the time.
A. Left-handers have sme disadvantages.
B. There’s even a special day fr left-handers.
C. Being a left-hander smetimes dcs better jbs.
D. Fr starters, left-handers might d better in sprts.
E. Scientists still aren’t sure why peple becme left-handed.
F. Unfrtunately this can cause prblems with their develpment.
G. The wrd was linked t negative ideas in several languages.
【答案】16 G 17. F 18. E 19. C 20. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍左撇子的优势和劣势。世界上90%的人都是右撇子，虽然这个话题很少被讨论，但左撇子在右撇子的世界里生活往往很艰难。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Many cultures have nt been friendly t lefties ver the years.(多年来，许多文化对左撇子并不友好)”，且空格下文内容在描述左撇子在拉丁语和古老英语中的不友好的含义。由此可知，设空处承接上、下文，G项The wrd was linked t negative ideas in several languages.(在几种语言中，这个词与消极的想法联系在一起)切题。故选G。
【17题详解】
根据下文“Studies shw that frcing left-handed children t use the right hand can cause learning disrders and speech issues.(研究表明，强迫左撇子儿童使用右手会导致学习障碍和语言障碍)”可知，此处顺承下文，F项Unfrtunately, this can cause prblems with their develpment.(不幸的是，这可能会导致他们的发展问题)切题。该项中的cause prblems与下文的cause learning disrders and speech issues相吻合。故选F。
【18题详解】
该空位于段落首句，是中心句；根据下文“Sme believe that it ccurs due t gene mvements in the spinal crd befre birth. Anther study has said that there are scial reasns why few peple are lefties.( 一些人认为这是由于出生前脊髓中的基因运动造成的。另一项研究表明很少人是左撇子是有社会原因的)”可知，此处在讲述变成左撇子的原因。由此可知，E项Scientists still aren’t sure why peple becme left-handed.(科学家们仍然不能确定为什么人们会变成左撇子)切题。故选E。
【19题详解】
根据上文“Thugh there are challenges, being left-handed can be gd in many ways.(虽然有挑战，但左撇子在很多方面都是好的)”可知，此处在讲述左撇子的好处。由此可知，C项Being a left-hander smetimes dcs better jbs.(作为一个左撇子有时会有更好的工作)切题。故选C。
【20题详解】
根据下文“It’s n August 13 and called Internatinal Lefthanders Day.(这一天是8月13日，被称为国际左撇子日)”可知，左撇子有专门的特殊节日。由此可知，B项There’s even a special day fr left-handers.(甚至还有一个左撇子的特殊日子)切题。故选B。
第二部分 语言知识运用 （共两节，满分 45 分）
第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）
My daughter is nly tw years ld and, like mst girls, already has a nurturing（培育）spirit grwing inside her. She tries t ____21____ everything that she has. She already has favrite suits, favrite tys, and even a favrite blanket.
This blanket is a pink ne that was purchased fr her befre she was brn. It seems t be the ne she ____22____ the clsest. I always see her dragging that blanket arund frm upstairs t dwnstairs, dwnstairs t upstairs. She sits and eats with it, tries t brush her teeth with it, and ____23____ jumps right ut f the bath t run t it. Althugh it gets ____24____ many times in the curse f a week, it is almst always ____25____.
Nrmally I just laugh at the thing but recently my daughter has had a cld. Any parent will tell yu that germs（细菌）can get int the things the child has ____26____ with and cause them t stay sick
____27____ getting better. S，unwillingly, we ____28____ the blanket ut f my daughter’s daily life. Of curse, she wasn’t ____29____. It was smething that she lved and had established familiarity with and that she ____30____ was hers. Hwever, ____31____ the blanket is gne, she has a better ____32____ f getting ver her cld faster and nt getting sick again.
She desn’t knw it but the blanket is part f what was keeping her ____33____ in a state f sickness. We，as ____34____，knw a lt f things that are keeping us frm ur true purpse，r even，true happiness. But we wn’t let them ____35____.
We have friends, habits, and guilty pleasures that keep us caught in a state f sickness, disappintment, suffering r ____36____. We’d rather keep them____37____ because they are familiar.
____38____ smetimes change is beautiful.____39____ ur security blankets is a tugh chice but a ____40____step fr us t grw.
21. A. prtectB. cllectC. lveD. study
22. A. watchesB. keepsC. fllwsD. tuches
23. A. stillB. yetC. justD. even
24. A. washedB. repairedC. brkenD. changed
25. A. cleanB. dirtyC. gdD. bad
26. A. funB. patienceC. trubleD. cntact
27. A. instead fB. in favr fC. in spite fD. regardless f
28. A. wentB. ledC. frcedD. sent
29. A. excitedB. pleasedC. cnfusedD. ashamed
30. A. guessedB. prvedC. knewD. hped
31. A. sinceB. ifC. untilD. unless
32. A. ideaB. senseC. habitD. chance
33. A. relatedB. trappedC. disappintedD. inspired
34. A. researchersB. dctrsC. adultsD. friends
35. A. gB. hideC. happenD. develp
36. A. pityB. painC. curisityD. excitement
37. A. cmpleteB. safeC. clseD. pen
38. A. ButB. AndC. SD. Or
39. A. ObservingB. KeepingC. RepairingD. Drpping
40. A. pssibleB. perfectC. uniqueD. necessary
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. D 24. A 25. B 26. D 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. C 31. A 32. D 33. B 34. C 35. A 36. B 37. C 38. A 39. D 40. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过女儿和她最喜欢的毛毯的故事，说明了我们习惯于自己熟悉的事物。但是，很多时候我们对这种熟悉产生了一定的依赖，不愿放弃，从而阻碍了我们实现人生的目标或追寻真正的幸福。因此，作者提出我们要学会适时放手，有时改变也是美丽的。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她尽力去爱自己拥有的一切。A. prtect保护； B. cllect收集；C. lve 爱；D. study学习。根据下文多次提到的favrite以及第四段中的 “It was smething that she lved. （它是她所喜欢的东西。）”可知，作者的女儿尽力去爱自己拥有的物品。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：看起来毛毯是与她关系最紧密的东西。A. watches观看；B. keeps保持；C. fllws跟随；D. tuches触摸。根据下文的“I always see her dragging that blanket arund frm upstairs t dwnstairs, dwnstairs t upstairs.（我经常看见女儿楼上楼下来回拉着毯子。）”可知，她非常喜欢这个毯子，看得出她与毯子保持密切的关系。故选B项。
【23题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：她坐着吃东西和刷牙的时候都带着它甚至直接跳出浴室冲向它。A. still仍然；B. yet 但是；C. just只是；D. even甚至。分析语境可知，本句子中的“She sits and eats with it, tries t brush her teeth with it（坐着吃东西和刷牙的时候都带着它）”和“jumps right ut f the bath t run t it（跳出浴室冲向它）” 之间是递进关系，所以even是最佳答案。故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然毛毯一周之内经过好多次清洗，但它几乎一直都是脏的。A. washed清洗；B. repaired 修理；C. brken 打破；D. changed 改变。althugh引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然……”，再结合下一题的分析可知，本句是要表达“虽然每周清洗几次，但它依然还是脏的”。故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但它几乎一直都是脏的。A. clean干净的；B. dirty脏的；C. gd好的；D. bad 糟糕的。根据下一题的分析可知，孩子经常接触到的物品容易滋生细菌，引发疾病，这说明女儿经常玩耍用的毯子是很脏的。故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：任何一位家长都会告诉你细菌会进入孩子接触的东西并且让孩子们生病而不是变得更好。A. fun娱乐；B. patience耐心；C. truble麻烦； D. cntact接触。根据本句的“germs（细菌）”和“sick（生病）”可知，此处表示孩子经常“接触到”的物品容易滋生细菌，引发疾病，have cntact with：和……有接触。故选D项。
【27题详解】
考查短语辨析。句意：任何一位家长都会告诉你细菌会进入孩子接触的东西并且让孩子们生病而不是变得更好。A. instead f 代替，而不是；B. in favr f支持；C. in spite f 尽管，不管；D. regardless f不管。根据本句的“stay sick（病着）和getting better（好转）” 之间是转折关系，因此选择instead f符合语境。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，很不情愿地，我们将毛毯强迫带出孩子的生活。A. went去；B. led领导；C. frced强迫；D. sent发送。根据第2小题的分析可知，女儿很喜欢那条毛毯。但是弄脏的毛毯又容易引发疾病，再根据本句的“unwillingly（不情愿地）”可知，作者在不情愿的情况下，还是强行地拿走了女儿的毛毯。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当然她很不开心。A. excited兴奋的；B. pleased 快乐的；C. cnfused困惑的；D. ashamed惭愧的。根据上一题的分析可知，作者不让自己的女儿玩最喜欢的毛毯，她当然不高兴。故选B项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那是她喜欢和熟悉的东西，她知道那是属于她的东西。A. guessed猜测；B. prved证明；C. knew知道；D. hped希望。根据本句的“lved（喜爱）”和“had established（已经建立了）”可知，应该填入的词与它们形成意义上的递进，所以knew 为最佳答案，表示女儿知道她喜欢的东西是自己的。故选C项。
【31题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：然而，自从毛毯不见了，她有了更好的机会能够更快地战胜感冒并且不再生病。A. since自从；B. if如果；C. until直到；D. unless 除非。根据本句的“getting ver her cld faster and nt getting sick again（更快的战胜了感冒并且没有再次生病）” 并结合第8题的分析可知，作者的女儿从感冒中得以快速的痊愈是因为不再接触那个脏的毛毯，即快速的痊愈是自从离开那个脏兮兮的毛毯开始的。故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，自从毛毯不见了，她有了更好的机会能够更快地战胜感冒并且不再生病。A. idea想法；B. sense 意义；C. habit 习惯；D. chance 机会。根据上一题的分析可知，女儿不再经常接触那条毛毯为她更快地从感冒中痊愈和以后不再感冒提供了机会，所以chance为最佳答案。故选D项。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她并不知道这一点，但是这个毛毯是使她受困于疾病的一部分因素。A. related相关的；B. trapped受困的；C. disappinted失望的；D. inspired受鼓舞的。根据第11题的分析可知，脏的毛毯是女儿感冒的原因，即作者的女儿被毛毯带来的疾病所困扰，trapped合乎语境，下一段的caught也是提示词。故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为成年人的我们知道有许多东西正在阻止我们实现真正的目的，甚至真正的幸福。A. researchers研究人员；B. dctrs医生；C. adults 成年人；D. friends朋友。根据本句的“as（作为）”可知，we 与所填入的词指代的人物是一致的，再结合下文描述的“我们（一般人）的情况”可知，adults为最佳答案。故选C项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是我们却不愿意放手。A. g离去；B. hide 隐藏；C. happen发生；D. develp发展。根据前文“We knw a lt f things that are keeping us frm ur true purpse，r even，true happiness. （我们知道有许多事物阻碍我们实现真正的目的，甚至阻碍我们追寻真正的幸福。）和but表示转折可知，本句表达的是“对那些事物，我们却不愿意放手”。故选A项。
【36题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的朋友、习惯还有愧疚的愉悦使我们受困于一种疾病、失望、苦难或者是痛苦的状态中。A. pity遗憾； B. pain痛苦；C. curisity好奇心； D. excitement 兴奋；根据本句的“sickness, disappintment, suffering（疾病，沮丧，苦难）”可知，应该填入的词与它们在意思上相近，因此pain是符合语境的。故选B项。
【37题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们宁愿不放手因为我们对他们很熟悉。A. cmplete完整的；B. safe 安全的；C. clse紧密的；D. pen开放的。根据本句的“because they are familiar（因为我们熟悉他们）”并结合第15题的分析可知，我们熟悉他们，我们不愿意放手。因此，我们与他们的关系很是紧密。故选C项。
【38题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：但是改变有些时候是美好的。A. But但是；B. And并且；C. S因此；D. Or或者。根据上一题的分析可知，人们习惯于熟悉的事物，不愿意改变，不愿意放手，再结合本句中的“ smetimes change is beautiful（改变有时是美好的）”可知，本句与上文之间是转折关系。故选A项。
【39题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：放弃我们手里的“安全毯”是困难的选择，但是它是我们成长过程中必要的一步。A. Observing观察；B. Keeping保持；C. Repairing 修理；D. Drpping 放下，丢下；根据第17题的分析可知，我们对于熟悉的人和事物是不愿意放手的。由此可推知，放弃我们手里的“安全毯”是件困难的事情。故选D项。
【40题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：放弃我们手里“安全毯”是困难的选择，但是它是我们成长过程中必要的一步。A. pssible可能的；B. perfect完美的；C. unique 独一无二的；D. necessary 必要的。根据第18题的分析可知，作者强调学会改变。本句的but表示转折，因此虽然很难，但是学会适时放弃一些事情是人成长过程中重要的和必要的一步。故选D项。
第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A law amendment(修正案) that allws cuples in China t have three children ____41____(pass) n Friday. Supprtive measures aimed at encuraging births, such as prtecting wmen’s wrkplace rights and ____42____(lwer) educatin csts, als received legal backing in the revised Ppulatin and Family Planing Law.
The plicy shift addresses the challenge f declining birth rates. Accrding t the ____43____(late) natinal survey, the prprtin f thse aged 60 and abve rse t 18.7 percent last year, while the birth rate ____44____(drp) t 1.3 children per wman.
Zhang Guilng, ____45____ fficial frm the NPC, says that revisins made t the law are aimed at ensuring prgress can be made tward the gal f achieving ____46____(balance) ppulatin develpment in the lng run.
In particular, the revised law serves ____47____ a push fr establishing affrdable nursery care service systems. In ____48____(respnd) t cncerns that the third-child plicy will likely deepen gender discriminatin against wrking wmen, the law states that a wmen’s right t emplyment will be guaranteed and that emplyment services will be prvided fr thse ____49____ jbs are affected due t pregnancies.
The law als fr the first time addresses parental leave, making _____50_____ clear that supprt will be given t regins exercising the practice.
【答案】41. was passed
42. lwering
43. latest 44. drpped
45. an 46. balanced
47. as 48. respnse
49. whse 50. it
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了周五，中国通过了一项允许夫妇生育三个孩子的法律修正案。
【41题详解】
考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：周五，中国通过了一项允许夫妇生育三个孩子的法律修正案。本句有时间状语n Friday，结合下文received也使用了过去时，此处陈述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时，主语A law amendment和pass为被动关系，主语为单数名词，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填was passed。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：旨在鼓励生育的支持性措施，如保护妇女的工作场所权利和降低教育费用，也在修订后的《人口和计划生育法》中得到法律支持。此处为measures“措施”的两个例子，lwering和prtecting为并列结构，需填动名词作宾语。故填lwering。
【43题详解】
考查最高级。句意：根据最新的全国调查，去年60岁及以上的人口比例上升到18.7%，而出生率下降到每个妇女1.3个孩子。定冠词the修饰形容词最高级。故填latest。
【44题详解】
考查动词时态。句意同上。根据时间状语“last year”可知，此处使用一般过去时。故填drpped。
【45题详解】
考查冠词。句意：全国人大官员张贵龙表示，对该法律的修订旨在确保从长远来看能够朝着实现人口平衡发展的目标取得进展。fficial为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且fficial发音以元音音素开头，需用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。
【46题详解】
考查形容词。句意同上。空处需填形容词作定语，修饰名词ppulatin develpment。故填balanced。
【47题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：特别是，此次修改案是为了推进建立负担得起的保育服务体系。serve as...为固定短语，表示“充当”。故填as。
【48题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：针对“三胎”政策可能会加剧对职业女性的性别歧视的担忧，该法律表示，将保障女性的就业权利，并为那些因怀孕而工作受到影响的人提供就业服务。In respnse t…为固定短语，表示“回应”。故填respnse。
【49题详解】
考查定语从句。句意同上。空处引导定语从句，先行词thse，在定语从句中作定语，需用关系代词whse引导。故填whse。
【50题详解】
考查代词。句意：该法律还首次解决了育儿假问题，明确表示将给予实施育儿假的地区支持。“make it adj.+that…”为固定用法，it为形式宾语，that引导宾语从句。故填it。
第三部分 写作 （共两节，满分 35 分）
第一节 短文改错（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分）
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌的以下作文。文中共有 10处语言错误。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在其下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改 10处，多者（从第 11处起）不计分。
Dear Sir，
I have learned that vlunteers fr Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games is needed.I’m writing t apply t this psitin. As native f Beijing, I think it is a privilege and dutyfr me t ffer the best vluntary service t ur freign guests and meanwhile prmting Chinese culture. I believe I’m equally t the jb. I have a gd cmmand f English and I’m cnfident in giving players guidance and help as requiring. What’s mre, I have a knwledge f winter sprts, which they will prve helpful in cmmunicating with players. Additinally, I had been invlved in several internatinal exchange prgrams, but enjy spreading ur culture t freigners.
I wuld appreciate it if yu culd ffer me the pprtunities. Thank yu fr yur time and cnsideratin.
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】1. is→are
2.t→fr
3. as 后加a
4. prmting→prmte
5. equally→equal
6.requiring→required
7. 删除they
8. had→have
9. but →and
10.pprtunities→pprtunity
【解析】
【分析】本文是一封申请信。李华申请成为2022年冬奥会的志愿者。
【详解】1.考查主谓一致。句意：我听说北京2022年冬奥会需要志愿者。主语vlunteers是复数，谓语动词用复数，文章主时态是一般现在时，故将is改为are。
2.考查介词。句意：我写信想申请这个职位。固定短语：apply t的意思是“适用于”；apply fr的意思是“申请”，此处表示“申请这个职位”，故将t改为fr。
3.考查冠词。句意：作为北京人，我认为为外宾提供最好的志愿服务，同时弘扬中华文化，是我的荣幸和责任。native“本地人，当地人”为可数名词，此处指作者本人，所以应用单数，其前要加不定冠词。故as后加a。
4.考查非谓语动词。句意同上。It is + n.+fr sb. t d sth.是固定搭配，根据本句中and可知，此处的prmte和t ffer为并列关系，当不定式并列时，第一个动词前要加上t，其它的可以省略t。所以prmting改为prmte。
5.考查形容词。句意：我相信我能胜任这份工作。am是系动词，接形容词作表语，be equal t sth.“能够胜任某工作/职位”。故将equally改为equal。
6.考查状语从句的省略。句意：我有很好的英语能力，我有信心在需要的时候给球员指导和帮助。分析句子可知，此处是as(I am)required的省略，当主句主语和从句主语一致，且从句谓语动词有be时，从句主语和be可以省略，I和require是动宾关系，应该用被动语态，故将requiring改为required。
7.考查代词。句意：而且，我对冬季运动有一定的了解，这对于和运动员交流很有帮助。分析可知，which之后的内容为非限制性定语从句，which在从句中作主语，指代主句，所以此处they多余，故删除they。
8.考查时态。句意：此外，我还参加了几个国际交流项目，我喜欢向外国人传播我们的文化。根据前文内容可知，作者讲述了自己想作为一名申请人的优势，所以用了一般现在时。此处指自己在申请之前已经参加过一些国际的交流项目，表明这些项目带给自己的结果，所以时态要用现在完成时。故had改为have。
9.考查连词。句意同上。分析可知，逗号前后的两个分句是并列关系，并非转折，故将but改为and。
10.考查名词。句意：如果你能给我机会，我会很感激的。此处特指上文提到的这一次机会，名词用单数，故将pprtunities改为pprtunity。
第二节 书面表达（满分 25 分）
52. 假如你是校报编辑李华。今年是抗美援朝纪念七十周年，你校组织全体师生，于上周末前往烈士陵园参观，请你为此写一篇校内新闻，内容应包括：
1.活动过程；
2.活动意义。
注意：1.写作词数应为 100 词左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
抗美援朝：the War t Resist US Aggressin and Aid Krea.
A Visit t the Memrial Park
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 A Visit t the Memrial Park
A ne-day tur t the Memrial Park was scheduled last week under the arrangement f ur schl with students’ and teachers’ burning participatin.
This educatinal event featured ur cnstant respect fr dead sldiers under diverse mnuments alng tree-lined paths, facilitating an verall impressin with histric mments fr war heres. One f the highlights belnged t ur guide’s descriptin f a devted sldier lsing his life fr saving a drwning Krean kid, pushing all t tears.
In admiratin f the devted spirits, this remarkable pprtunity bsted ur awareness f the belved cuntry and ur respnsibility fr future cntributins.
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于记叙文。假如你是校报编辑李华。今年是抗美援朝纪念七十周年，你校组织全体师生，于上周末前往烈士陵园参观，请你为此写一篇校内新闻。
【详解】1.词汇积累
参加：attendance→participatin
促进：prmte→bst
教育的：instructinal→educatinal
忠诚的：cmmitted→devted
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：One f the highlights belnged t ur guide’s descriptin f a devted sldier lsing his life fr saving a drwning Krean kid, pushing all t tears.
拓展句：One f the highlights belnged t ur guide’s descriptin f a devted sldier lsing his life fr saving a drwning Krean kid, which pushed all t tears.
【点睛】[高分句型1] This educatinal event featured ur cnstant respect fr dead sldiers under diverse mnuments alng tree-lined paths, facilitating an verall impressin with histric mments fr war heres. (运用了现在分词作状语)
[高分句型2] One f the highlights belnged t ur guide’s descriptin f a devted sldier lsing his life fr saving a drwning Krean kid, pushing all t tears. (运用了动名词作宾语)
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