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2021-2022学年北京一零一中学高二上学期期中考试英语试题含解析
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这是一份2021-2022学年北京一零一中学高二上学期期中考试英语试题含解析，共22页。
北京一零一中学2021-2022学年上学期高二期中考试
英语试卷
（考试时间：100分钟，试卷满分：120分）
第一部分：听力理解（共三节，共20分）
第一节（共5 小题；每小题1分，共5分）
听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话你将听一遍。
1. Who will go to China next month?
A. Lucy. B. Alice. C. Richard.
2. What does the woman mean?
A. The man shouldn't get annoyed.
B. The man is too forgetful.
C. The man has too many keys.
3. What does the woman mean?
A. She isn't in the mood to travel.
B. France is too far for family holiday.
C. Family holiday no longer interests her.
4. What is probably the man?
A. A shop assistant. B. A dentist. C. A customer.
5. What are the speakers talking about?
A. The exam score. B. The world news. C. A soccer match.
第二节（共10 小题；每小题1分，共10分）
听下面4段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白你将听两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
6. Why do they want to buy a present for their mother?
A. It’s her birthday. B. It’s Mother’s Day. C. It’s Women’s Day.
7. What are they going to buy?
A. Some flowers. B. A box of chocolates. C. A book.
听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
8. What is the woman going to do tonight?
A. Go to a concert. B. Phone her doctor. C. Prepare for an exam.
9. What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?
A. Teacher and student. B. Classmates. C. Doctor and patient.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What made seaside holiday possible for British families around the mid-19th century?
A. Better railway services.
B. The invention of the railways.
C. The fast growth of the railways.
11. Why couldn’t ordinary working people go on holiday before 1871?
A. They had very little time off work.
B. Banks were closed during holidays.
C. The government was not interested in holidays.
12. What was offered at the seaside to attract holidaymakers?
A. Free accommodation. B. Income rise. C. Cheap entertainment.
听第9段材料，回答第13至15题。
13. Where are the two speakers?
A. In a dining hall. B. In a hospital. C. In a lecture room.
14. What did the man do?
A. He saw a doctor.
B. He took some medicine.
C. He had vegetables for lunch.
15. What does the woman think the man should do?
A. Have meals regularly.
B. Pay attention to his health.
C. Go to Dr.Kevin’s office.
第三节（共5小题；每小题1分，共5分）
请听下面一段独白，完成第16至第20五道小题，每小题仅填写一个词。听对话前，你将有20秒钟的时间阅读试题，听完后你将有60秒钟的作答时间。这段对话你将听两遍。
Date & location
18th 16 ; Three Tree Show Ground
Displays
___17 cars and buses; cars of the future
Famous people
Jack Tyler: presenter of the Television Show;
Michael Boreman: top 18 driver
For ladies
Small shops selling 19 , jewelry and clothes
Price of a family ticket
£ 20
第二部分：知识运用 （共两节，共25分）
第一节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1分, 共10分）
A
阅读下列短文，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空
I love music. When I was 16, I formed my first band called “Frog”. At the beginning, we depended ____1____ playing instruments in the street to earn money. Then we wore false beards pretending to be famous musicians. In addition, we added humorous acts to our performances and played jokes on one another. Soon, our “funny jazz” became famous and we ____2____ (invite) to perform everywhere. Afterwards, we made a record in a studio. About one million ____3____ (copy) were sold and we became rich and popular.
【答案】1. on##upon
2. were invited
3. copies
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章回忆了作者曾经组建的一支名为“青蛙”的乐队，从最初的街头卖艺到后来名声大震的经历。
【1题详解】
考查介词。句意：起初，我们靠在街上演奏乐器来挣钱。空处填介词on或upon与动词depend构成动词短语搭配，表示“依靠，依赖”。故填on/upon。
【2题详解】
考查谓语动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：很快，我们的“滑稽爵士”就出名了，我们被邀请到各地表演。分析句子可知，并列连词and连接两个句子，时态保持一致，故空处应用谓语动词invite的一般过去时，又与主语we为复数，且为被动关系，所以谓语动词用复数、被动语态were invited。故填were invited。
【3题详解】
考查名词单复数。句意：大约卖了有一百万张，我们也变得富有和受欢迎。分析句子可知，空处填copy的名词复数形式copies，作介词about的宾语。故填copies。
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Voyages of people from England played ____4____ important part in spreading the English language. At present, English is frequently spoken as an official or common language in many countries. ____5____ (base) on British English, English spoken in these countries can be understood well by native English speakers. But actually, English has been changing ____6____ (gradual) in terms of accents, spellings, expressions and vocabulary usage. Because of these facts, you can recognize the differences and tell from which country a foreigner comes.
【答案】4. an 5. Based
6. gradually
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了英语这门语言的发展与变化。
【4题详解】
考查冠词。句意：英国人的航海在英语的传播中起了重要作用。Play an important part in为固定短语，意为“在……起重要作用”。故填an。
【5题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在英式英语的基础上，这些国家的英语可以被以英语为母语的人很好地理解。be based on为固定短语，意为“以……为基础”，句子已有谓语动词can be understood，空处需填过去分词作状语，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Based。
【6题详解】
考查副词。句意：但实际上，英语在口音、拼写、表达和词汇使用方面都在逐渐发生变化。修饰动词has been changing需用副词gradually作状语。故填gradually。
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Charlie Chaplin was an extraordinary performer ____7____ acted in and directed many outstanding comedies. Few were bored in ____8____ (watch) his moustache, his gestures or his entertaining reactions when chased by detectives. Being drunk, sliding on a banana peel or whispering his own failures to nobody, he made ____9____ (we) feel more satisfied with our life without even having to use one word. His unique sense of humor ____10____ (astonish) people across the world even till this day.
【答案】7. who##that
8 watching
9. us 10. has astonished
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了杰出喜剧演员查理·卓别林。
【7题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：查理·卓别林是一位杰出的演员，他演并导演了许多杰出的喜剧。空处引导定语从句，先行词performer，指人，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词who/that引导。故填who/that。
【8题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：当他被侦探追捕时，很少有人会对他的胡子、他的手势或他有趣的反应感到厌烦。in为介词，后面需加动名词作宾语。故填watching。
【9题详解】
考查代词。句意：他喝醉了，踩着香蕉皮滑倒了，或者对别人窃窃私语自己的失败，他不用说一个字，就能让我们对生活感到更满意。made后面需加宾语，空处需填宾格形式us。故填us。
【10题详解】
考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：直到今天，他那独特的幽默感仍然让全世界的人感到惊讶。根据时间状语“till this day”可知，使用现在完成时，主语为His unique sense of humor，助动词用has。故填has astonished。
第二节 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
Inspiration
“Mama, when I grow up, I’m going to be one of those!” I said this after seeing the Capital Dancing Company perform when I was three. It was the first time that my ___11___ took on a vivid form and acted as something important to start my training. As I grew older and was exposed to more, my interests in the world of dance ___12___ varied but that little girl’s dream of someday becoming a dancer in the company never left me. In the summer of 2005 when I was 18, I received the phone call which made that dream a reality: I became a member of the company dating back to 1925.
As I look back on that day now, it surely ___13___ any sense of reality. I believe I stayed in a state of pleasant disbelief ___14___ I was halfway through rehearsals (排练) on my first day. I never actually ___15___ to get the job. After being offered the position, I was completely ___16___. I remember shaking with excitement.
Though I was absolutely thrilled with the change, it did not come without its fair share of challenges. Through the strict rehearsal period of dancing six days a week, I found it vital to ___17___ up the material fast with every last bit of concentration. It is that extreme attention to detail and stress on practice that set us apart. To then follow those high-energy rehearsals with a busy show schedule of up to five performances a day, I discovered a new meaning of the words “hard work”. What I thought were my physical ___18___ were pushed much further than I thought possible. I learned to make each performance better than the last.
Today, when I look at the unbelievable company that I have the great ___19___ of being a part of, not only as a member, but as a dance captain, I see a ____20____ that has inspired not only generations of little girls but a splendid company that continues to develop and grow—and inspires people every day to follow their dreams.
11. A. hobby B. plan C. dream D. word
12. A. rarely B. certainly C. probably D. consistently
13. A. lacks B. adds C. makes D. brings
14. A. while B. since C. until D. when
15. A. cared B. expected C. asked D. decided
16. A. motivated B. relaxed C. tired D. astonished
17. A. put B. mix C. build D. pick
18. A. boundaries B. problems C. barriers D. efforts
19. A. talent B. honor C. potential D. responsibility
20. A. victory B. trend C. tradition D. desire
【答案】11. C 12. B 13. A 14. C 15. B 16. D 17. D 18. A 19. B 20. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在3岁的时候，第一次找到了自己的梦想，渴望有一天能成为舞蹈公司的舞者，当她有幸成为其中一员时，看到了这家历史悠久的公司的一个传统——不断进步，激励人们每天去追逐梦想。
【11题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是我的梦想第一次以生动的形式出现，并作为重要的事情让我开始我的训练。A. hobby爱好；B. plan计划；C. dream梦想；D. word单词。根据下文“but that little girl’s dream of someday becoming a dancer in the company never left me”可知，此处是信息词dream的词汇复现。故选C。
【12题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：随着年龄的增长，接触到的事物越来越多，我对舞蹈世界的兴趣也一定会发生变化，但那个小女孩梦想有一天能成为舞蹈团的一名舞者的梦想从未离开过我。A. rarely罕见地；B. certainly确定地；C. probably可能地；D. consistently一贯地，始终如一地。根据上文“As I grew older and was exposed to more”可知，随着年龄的增长，接触到的事物越来越多，对于舞蹈世界的兴趣一定会发生变化。故选B。
【13题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我现在回头看那一天，它肯定缺乏任何现实感。A. lacks缺乏；B. adds增加；C. makes制作；D. brings带来。根据上文“when I was 18, I received the phone call which made that dream a reality: I became a member of the company dating back to 1925”可知，18岁的时候，作者从小想成为舞蹈团的一名舞者的梦想实现了，从现在看来，作者觉得缺乏真实感。故选A。
【14题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：我相信我一直沉浸在一种愉快的、难以置信的状态中，直到我第一天的排练进行到一半。A. while当……时候；B. since自从；C. until直到；D. when当……时候。根据下文“I was halfway through rehearsals (排练) on my first day”可知，作者从小想成为舞蹈团的一名舞者的梦想实现了，作者觉得缺乏真实感，一直处于难以置信的状态，直到第一天的排练进行到一半（才有这种真实感，自己的梦想实现了）。故选C。
【15题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我从没想过能得到这份工作。A. cared关心；B. expected期待；C. asked问；D. decided决定。根据“I believe I stayed in a state of pleasant disbelief”可知，作者从小想成为舞蹈团的一名舞者的梦想实现了，作者觉得缺乏真实感，一直处于难以置信的状态，可得出作者没有期望自己能得到这份工作。故选B。
【16题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：得到这份工作后，我完全惊呆了。A. motivated有动机的，有积极性的；B. relaxed放松的；C. tired劳累的；D. astonished惊讶的。根据上文“I never actually ___5___ to get the job.”可知，作者没有期望自己能得到这份工作，因此被告知得到这份工作以后，感到很惊讶。故选D。
【17题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：通过每周6天严格的舞蹈排练，我发现在每一点注意力都集中的情况下，快速掌握舞蹈内容是至关重要的。A. put up搭建，张贴；B. mix up混合；C. build up建立；D. pick up学会。根据下文“the material fast with every last bit of concentration”可知，作者发现快速学习舞蹈内容是至关重要的。故选D。
【18题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我所认为的我的生理界限被超越了我所认为的可能。A. boundaries界限；B. problems问题；C. barriers障碍；D. efforts努力。根据下文“were pushed much further than I thought possible. I learned to make each performance better than the last.”可知，作者的表演一场比一场好，所以作者认为自己的生理极限被超越了。故选A。
【19题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：今天，当我看到这个令人难以置信的公司，我很荣幸成为其中的一员，不仅仅是一名成员，而且作为一名舞蹈队长，我看到这个传统不仅激励了一代又一代的小女孩，而且还激励了一支不断发展壮大的优秀舞蹈团，激励着人们每天追寻自己的梦想。A. talent天赋；B. honor荣誉；C. potential潜力；D. responsibility责任。根据上文“the unbelievable company”可知，这个舞蹈公司很棒，作者感到成为这个舞蹈公司的一员很荣幸。故选B。
【20题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：今天，当我看到这个令人难以置信的公司，我很荣幸成为其中的一员，不仅仅是一名成员，而且作为一名舞蹈队长，我看到这个传统不仅激励了一代又一代的小女孩，而且还激励了一支不断发展壮大的优秀舞蹈团，激励着人们每天追寻自己的梦想。A. victory胜利；B. trend趋势；C. tradition传统；D. desire渴望，愿望。根据下文“that has inspired not only generations of little girls but a splendid company that continues to develop and grow-and inspires people every day to follow their dreams”可知，不仅激励了一代又一代的小女孩，而且还激励了一支不断发展壮大的优秀舞蹈团，激励着人们每天追寻自己的梦想，是这个公司的传统，符合语境。故选C。
第三部分：阅读理解（共两节，共34分）
第一节 （共12小题；每小题2分，共24分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
A
What Theresa Loe is doing proves that a large farm isn’t a prerequisite for a modern grow-your-own lifestyle. On a mere 1/10 of an acre in Los Angeles, Loe and her family grow, can (装罐) and preserve much of the food they consume.
Loe is a master food preserver, gardener and canning expert. She also operates a website, where she shares her tips and recipes, with the goal of demonstrating that everyone has the ability to control what’s on their plate.
Loe initially went to school to become an engineer, but she quickly learned that her enthusiasm was mainly about growing and preparing her own food. “ got into cooking my own food and started growing my own herbs(香草)and foods for that fresh flavor,” she said. Engineer by day, Loe learned cooking at night school. She ultimately purchased a small piece of land with her husband and began growing their own foods.
“I teach people how to live farm-fresh without a farm,” Loe said. Through her website Loe emphasizes that ‘‘anybody can do this anywhere.” Got an apartment with a balcony (阳台)? Plant some herbs. A window? Perfect spot for growing. Start with herbs, she recommends, because “they’re very forgiving.” Just a little of the herbs “can take your regular cooking to a whole new level,” she added. “I think it’s a great place to start.” Then? Try growing something from a seed, she said, like a tomato or some tea.
Canning is a natural extension of the planting she does. With every planted food, Loe noted, there’s a moment when it’s bursting with its absolute peak flavor. “I try and keep it in a time capsule in a canning jar,” Loe said. “Canning for me is about knowing what’s in your food, knowing where it comes from.”
In addition to being more in touch with the food she’s eating, another joy comes from passing this knowledge and this desire for good food to her children: “Influencing them and telling them your opinion on not only being careful what we eat but understanding the bigger picture,” she said, “that if we don’t take care of the earth, no one will.”
21. The underlined word “prerequisite” (Para. 1) is closest in meaning to“ ”.
A. recipe B. substitute
C. requirement D. challenge
22. Why does Loe suggest starting with herbs?
A. They are used daily. B. They are easy to grow.
C. They can grow very tall. D. They can be eaten uncooked.
23. According to Loe, what is the benefit of canning her planted foods?
A. It can preserve their best flavor. B. It can promote her online sales.
C. It can better her cooking skills. D. It can improve their nutrition.
24. What is the “the bigger picture” (Para. 6) that Loe wishes her children to understand?
A. The knowledge about good food. B. The way to live a grow-our-own life.
C. The joy of getting in touch with foods. D. The responsibility to protect our earth
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. A 24. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。Loe是“自己种植”现代生活方式的实践者，她热衷于自己种植香草和味道新鲜的食物，并将食物装入密封罐中保持以保持最佳的风味，更想通过自己的举动影响孩子们，让他们意识到保护地球的责任。
【21题详解】
词义猜测题。根据首段第二句“On a mere 1/10 of an acre … and preserve much of the food they consume”可知面积并不是硬要求。该句句意为：Loe在那里所做的一切证明，一个大农场对“自己种植”现代生活方式来说并不是一个硬要求。故选C项。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“Start with herbs, she recommends, because “they’re very forgiving.” Just a little of the herbs “can take your regular cooking to a whole new level,” she added. ”可知香草很容易生长。故选B项。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段中“there is a moment when it’s bursting with its absolute peak flavor. ‘I try to keep it in a time capsule in a canning jar,’”可知将种植的事物装入密封罐中保存的好处是能够保持最佳的风味。故选A项。
【24题详解】
词义猜测题。根据最后一段中尾句“that if we don’t take care of the earth, no one will”可知the bigger picture指的是保护地球的责任。故选D项。
B
During the rosy years of elementary school(小学), I enjoyed sharing my dolls and jokes, which allowed me to keep my high social status. I was the queen of the playground. Then came my tweens and teens, and mean girls and cool kids. They rose in the ranks not by being friendly but by smoking cigarettes, breaking rules and playing jokes on others, among whom I soon found myself.
Popularity is a well-explored subject in social psychology. Mitch Prinstein, a professor of clinical psychology sorts the popular into two categories: the likable and the status seekers. The likables’ plays-well-with-others qualities strengthen schoolyard friendships, jump-start interpersonal skills and, when tapped early, are employed ever after in life and work. Then there’s the kind of popularity that appears in adolescence: status born of power and even dishonorable behavior.
Enviable as the cool kids may have seemed, Dr. Prinstein’s studies show unpleasant consequences. Those who were highest in status in high school, as well as those least liked in elementary school, are “most likely to engage(从事) in dangerous and risky behavior.”
In one study, Dr. Prinstein examined the two types of popularity in 235 adolescents, scoring the least liked, the most liked and the highest in status based on student surveys(调查研究). “We found that the least well-liked teens had become more aggressive over time toward their classmates. But so had those who were high in status. It clearly showed that while likability can lead to healthy adjustment, high status has just the opposite effect on us.”
Dr. Prinstein has also found that the qualities that made the neighbors want you on a play date—sharing, kindness, openness—carry over to later years and make you better able to relate and connect with others.
In analyzing his and other research, Dr. Prinstein came to another conclusion: Not only is likability related to positive life outcomes, but it is also responsible for those outcomes, too. “Being liked creates opportunities for learning and for new kinds of life experiences that help somebody gain an advantage, ” he said.
25. What sort of girl was the author in her early years of elementary school?
A. Unkind. B. Lonely. C. Generous. D. Cool.
26. What is the second paragraph mainly about?
A. The classification of the popular.
B. The characteristics of adolescents.
C. The importance of interpersonal skills.
D. The causes of dishonorable behavior.
27. What did Dr. Prinstein’s study find about the most liked kids?
A. They appeared to be aggressive.
B. They tended to be more adaptable.
C. They enjoyed the highest status.
D. They performed well academically.
28. What is the best title for the text?
A. Be Nice—You Won’t Finish Last
B. The Higher the Status, the Better
C. Be the Best—You Can Make It
D. More Self-Control, Less Aggressiveness
【答案】25. C 26. A 27. B 28. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了受欢迎度对青少年的影响。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段During the rosy years of elementary school, I enjoyed sharing my dolls and jokes, which allowed me to keep my high social status.可知，在美好的小学时光里，作者喜欢分享她的娃娃和笑话，由此推断出，作者在早年的小学时期是一个慷慨的女孩。A. Unkind不友善的；B. Lonely寂寞的；C. Generous慷慨的；D. Cool冷静的。故选C。
【26题详解】
主旨大意题。第二段Mitch Prinstein, a professor of clinical psychology sorts the popular into two categories: the likable and the status seekers.（临床心理学教授Mitch Prinstein将受欢迎的人分为两类:讨人喜欢的人和追求地位的人。）是段落主题句，本段内容分别对the likable 和the status seekers做了解释，所以本段主要介绍了两种受欢迎的分类，故选A。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段It clearly showed that while likability can lead to healthy adjustment （它清楚地表明，讨人喜欢可以促使健全的调整）推断出，心理学教授Mitch Prinstein的研究表明，讨人喜欢的孩子适应性更强，故选B。
【28题详解】
主旨大意题。通过阅读全文内容，尤其是最后一段，可知这篇文章主要讲了受欢迎度对青少年的影响，讨人喜欢对青少年成长都有深远的有益影响。与选项A“友善一点——你将不会排在最后（你不会完蛋/你会笑到最后）”一致，故选A。
C
Success and Risk in Extreme Sports
What is it that drives some to take extreme risks, while the rest of us hurry for the safety of the sidelines?
Lester Keller, sports-psychology expert, says that not everyone has the mental makeup to do well in extreme sports. He notes that most of us hit a natural ceiling that limits our appetite for extreme risk in tricky conditions. But others have a much higher tolerance for risk. Keller points to a top ski racer. He told Keller that “the high element of risk makes you feel alive, tests what you are made of and how far you can take yourself”. He said he would get nervous on some of the courses, but that this would just make him fight more.
Psychologists note that some people seem to have a strong desire for adrenaline (肾上腺素) rushes as a behavior seeking excited feelings. Like many extreme athletes Emily Cook’s appetite for risk appeared at a young age. “I was a gymnast,” she said. “I was one of those kids who enjoyed and did well at anything where you were upside down.” As she started doing harder tricks, she was drawn to the challenge. “There are moments when you’re up there doing a new trick and it seems like an impossible thing. But overcoming that is just the coolest feeling in the world.”
Shane Murphy, sports professor, has worked with groups climbing Everest. “To me, that just seems like the height of risk,” he said. “But to them it was the next step in an activity that they’ve prepared for years.” Murphy said the view of extreme athletes is different from our own. “We look at a risky situation and know that if we were in that situation we would be out of control. But from the athletes’ view, they have a lot of control, and there are many things that they do to minimize risk.”
Another aspect of risk perception (认知) may be something referred to as “the flow”, a state in which many athletes become absorbed in the acts that focus the mind completely on the present. “Something that makes you try doing a tougher climb than usual, perhaps, is that your adrenaline flows and you become very concentrated on what you’re doing,” Murphy says. “After it’s over, there’s great excitement.”
People of different skill levels experience the flow at different times. Some may always be driven to adventures that others consider extreme. “I can enjoy hitting a tennis ball around, because that’s my skill level,” Murphy says. “But others might need the challenge of Olympic competition.”
29. By using the term “natural ceiling” in Paragraph 2, Lester Keller points out that ______.
A. extreme athletes must learn special skills
B. extreme athletes have chances to take risks
C. many people don’t want to do extreme sports
D. many people can’t limit desire for extreme sports
30. What does Shane Murphy think about the mountain climbers he mentions?
A. They put in lots of preparation for challenges.
B. They are more fortunate than other sportspeople.
C. They carry little risk when facing big challenges.
D. They have special reasons that others can’t easily understand.
31. What main point is made in Paragraph 5?
A. Extreme athletes use techniques other people don’t use.
B. Non-athletes are probably wise not to try extreme sports.
C. Most people lack the focus required to take bigger risks.
D. A certain state of mind makes attempting an activity more likely.
32. We can learn from the passage that ______.
A. risk-taking is something you either naturally do or avoid
B. those who take risks are more likely to be successful in life
C. extreme athletes are driven by a need to be better than others
D. taking part in extreme sports is not as difficult as people think
【答案】29. C 30. A 31. D 32. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了极限运动的成功与风险。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。分析文章第二段第二句“He notes that most of us hit a natural ceiling that limits our appetite for extreme risk in tricky conditions.”（他指出，我们中的大多数人达到了一个自然的上限，这个（自然上限）限制了我们在复杂条件下对极端风险的欲望。）可知，这里含有一个定语从句，先行词为a natural ceiling，定语从句对a natural ceiling进行修饰，“限制了我们在复杂条件下对极端风险的欲望”说明许多人不想做极限运动。故选C项。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段开头提到的“groups climbing Everest”（攀登珠穆朗玛峰的团体）和第二句“To me, that just seems like the height of risk,” he said. “But to them it was the next step in an activity that they’ve prepared for years.”（“在我看来，这似乎是最大的风险，”他说。“但对他们来说，这是他们准备多年的一项活动的下一步。”）可知，登山者为挑战做了大量的准备。故选A项。
【31题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第五段第一句“Another aspect of risk perception (认知) may be something referred to as “the flow”, a state in which many athletes become absorbed in the acts that focus the mind completely on the present.”（ 风险认知的另一个方面可能是被称之为“心流”的东西 ，在这种状态下，许多运动员全神贯注于将精力完全集中在当下的行为。）以及后面的进一步解释可知，本段要点就是“the flow”这种特定的精神状态会使你更有可能去尝试一项活动。故选D项。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“People of different skill levels experience the flow at different times. Some may always be driven to adventures that others consider extreme.”（不同技能水平的人在不同的时间体验这种流动。一些人可能总是被驱使去冒险，而另一些人则认为是极端的。）以及后文所举的事例可知，不同的技能水平的人有自己不同的选择，所以冒险是你可以选择做或选择避免的事情。故选A项。
【点睛】概括主旨的方法是：先看首尾或各段开头再看全文找主题句，若无明显主题句，就通过关键词句来概括(如议论文中寻找表达作者观点态度的词句，记叙文寻找概括情节和中心的动词或反映人物特点的形容词)。文中出现两种或两种以上的不同观点时，务必牢记作者的观点才是体现全文中心的。例如本文第3题，第五段的要点，就在段落第一句上，准确理解了段落第一句，也就抓住了段落要点。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
You might have noticed how everyone is obsessed with their screen during family gatherings or bonding with friends. Disconnecting from devices might be challenging, but there are ways to spend time with your friends without using them. With the right activities you can connect more with them and have fun.
If you want to spend quality time with each other, you and your friends need to sacrifice your screen time. ___33___ It could also be one of the house rules when you are together. However, everyone in the group must be willing to cooperate or else the purpose might be defeated.
By turning off your devices it would focus the atmosphere more on your bonding. Everyone could feel more welcomed and invited. ___34___
So what are the alternatives other than staring at the screen? Before the trend of high-tech devices a board game had always been the source of entertainment when a group of friends wanted to have some fun, ___35___ Though they have digital versions you might not want to miss the opportunity to actually interact （互动）with your friends face to face.
Another helpful way to start a conversation with your friends is through playing question games. ___36___ But don't worry. There are many different versions of question games you can search online, such as Never Have I Ever questions.
___37___ While it is important to enjoy your get-together, going into a purposeful conversation is also necessary. You don't know what your friends are going through, and making room for a heart-to-heart talk might be what they need.
A. It is better for you all to agree on this matter.
B. So why not bring these classic activities back?
C. You and your friends could attend more to each other.
D. Being interactive is the key in bonding with your friends.
E. Turning off your devices could be the first step you can do.
F. Entertainment isn't the only way to interact with your friends.
G. The main idea of this kind of game is to take turns in involvement.
【答案】33. E 34. C 35. B 36. G 37. F
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。当和家人朋友聚会时，人们总是痴迷于手机。文章给出了一些方法，不使用手机，参与一些合适的活动，聚会更愉快。
【33题详解】
上文“If you want to spend quality time with each other, you and your friends need to sacrifice your screen time.( 如果你想把珍贵的时间花在彼此身上，你和你的朋友需要牺牲你们的屏幕时间)”可推断，建议关掉手机，E项中的“Turning off your devices”与之一致。故选E。
【34题详解】
上文“By turning off your devices it would focus the atmosphere more on your bonding. Everyone could feel more welcomed and invited.(关掉你的设备，气氛将会更多的集中在人与人的关系上。每个人都能感觉到更受欢迎和更被吸引)”可推断，此处讲述关掉手机后的好处，C项“你和你的朋友可以多关心对方。”与之相符。故选C。
【35题详解】
上文“Before the trend of high-tech devices a board game had always been the source of entertainment when a group of friends wanted to have some fun(在高科技设备的趋势之前, 当一群朋友想玩得开心的时候棋盘游戏一直是娱乐的来源)”可知，说明以前的有些活动也会让朋友们玩得高兴，B项的“these classic activities”与之相符，故B选项“那么，为什么不把这些经典活动带回来呢？”符合语境。故选B。
【36题详解】
上文“Another helpful way to start a conversation with your friends is through playing question games.( 另一个有用的方法，开始与你的朋友交谈是通过玩问题游戏。)”说到了问问题游戏，这种游戏应是轮流参与，G项中的“take turns in involvement.”与之相符。故选G。
【37题详解】
下文“While it is important to enjoy your get-together, going into a purposeful conversation is also necessary.( 虽然享受你们的聚会很重要，但进入有目的的谈话也是必要的。)”可知，聚会时娱乐固然重要，有目的的谈话也是必须的，因此推断空格处说的是娱乐，F项中的“Entertainment”与之相符。故选F。
第四部分：书面表达（共四节，共41分）
第一节 阅读表达（共4小题；第58至60小题，每小题各2分，第61小题4分，共10分）
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题
The Making of a Great Athlete
Not so long ago, most people didn’t know who Shelly-Ann-Francis-Pryce was going to become. She was just an average high school athlete. There was every indication that she was just another Jamaican teenager without much of a future. However, one person wanted to change this. Stephen Francis observed then eighteen-year-old Shelly Ann at a track meet and was sure that he had seen the beginnings of true greatness. Her times were not exactly impressive, but even so, he sensed there was something trying to get out, something the other coaches had overlooked when they had assessed her and found her lacking. He decided to offer Shelly-Ann a place in his very strict training sessions. Their cooperation quickly produced results, and a few years later at Jamaica’s Olympic games in early 2008, Shelly-Ann, who at that time only ranked number 70 in the world, beat Jamaica’s unchallenged queen of the sprint.
“Where did she come from?” asked an astonished sprinting world, before concluding that she must be one of those one-hit wonders that spring up from time to time, only to disappear again without signs. But Shelly-Ann was to prove that she was anything but a one-hit wonder. At the Beijing Olympic she swept away any doubts about her ability to perform consistently by becoming the first Jamaican woman ever to win the 100 meters Olympic gold. She did it again one year on at the World Championships in Berlin, becoming world champion with a time of 10.73--- the fourth fastest time ever.
Shelly-Ann is a little woman with a big smile. She has a mental toughness that did not come about by chance. Her journey to becoming the fastest woman on earth has been anything but smooth and effortless. She grew up in one of Jamaica’s toughest inner-city communities known as Waterhouse, where she lived in a one-room apartment, sleeping four in a bed with her mother and two brothers. Waterhouse, one of the poorest communities in Jamaica, is a really violent and overpopulated place. Several of Shelly-Ann's friends and family were caught up in the killings; one of her cousins was shot dead only a few streets away from where she lived. Sometimes her family didn’t have enough to eat. She ran at the school championships barefooted because she couldn’t afford shoes. Her mother Maxime, one of a family of fourteen, had been an athlete herself as a young girl but, like so many other girls in Waterhouse, had to stop after she had her first baby. Maxime’s early entry into the adult world with its responsibilities gave her the determination to ensure that her kids would not end up in Waterhouse's roundabout of poverty. One of the first things Maxime used to do with Shelly-Ann was taking her to the track, and she was ready to sacrifice everything.
It didn't take long for Shelly-Ann to realize that sports could be her way out of Waterhouse. On a summer evening in Beijing in 2008, all those long, hard hours of work and commitment finally bore fruit. The barefoot kid who just a few years previously had been living in poverty, surrounded by criminals and violence, had written a new chapter in the history of sports.
But Shelly-Ann’s victory was far greater than that. The night she won Olympic gold in Beijing, the routine murders in Waterhouse and the drug wars in the neighbouring streets stopped. The dark cloud above one of the world’s toughest criminal neighbourhoods simply disappeared for a few days. “I have so much fire burning for my country,” Shelly said. She plans to start a foundation for homeless children and wants to build a community centre in Waterhouse. She hopes to inspire the Jamaicans to lay down their weapons. She intends to fight to make it a woman’s as well as a man’s world.
As Muhammad Ali puts it, “Champions aren't made in gyms. Champions are made from something they have deep inside them. A desire, a dream, a vision.” One of the things Shelly-Ann can be proud of is her understanding of this truth.
38. What did Stephen Francis do after he observed Shelly-Ann at a track meet?
39. What is the significance of Shelly-Ann’s victory?
40. Please underline the inappropriate part in the following statement and explain why.
Shelly-Ann has become the fastest woman in the world because she not only works hard but also lives in a secure environment.
41. In your opinion, what contributes to the making of a great athlete? Besides Shelly-Ann, please use another example to illustrate your point. (No more than 40 words)
【答案】38. He decided to offer her a place in his very strict training sessions.
39. First, her success in sports could be the way out of her tough and poor community and she has written a new chapter in the history of sports. Second, her victory not only brought honor to her country, but also helped stop the spread of violence and wars for a few days.
40. Shelly-Ann has become the fastest woman in the world because she not only works hard but also lives in a secure environment. 原因： According to the passage, her journey to becoming the fastest woman on earth has been anything but smooth and effortless. She grew up in one of Jamaica’s toughest inner-city communities instead of a secure environment.
41. It is not the envirnment but the dreams that make a great athlete. Muhammad Ali is another example. He was born into an age of severe racial discrimination, but he fought along with his dreams, earned his reputation and ended with glory. (言之有理即可)
【解析】
【分析】本文是记叙文。文章介绍了牙买加体育名将谢莉·安的成长经历和她在成功带来的影响。
【38题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第一段中“Stephen Francis observed then eighteen-year-old Shelly Ann at a track meet and was sure that he had seen the beginnings of true greatness. (斯蒂芬·弗朗西斯在一次田径运动会上观察到当时只有18岁的谢莉 ·安，他确信自己看到了真正伟大的开端) ”和“He decided to offer Shelly-Ann a place in his very strict training sessions.(他决定让雪莉·安参加他非常严格的训练课程)”可知，Stephen Francis在看到Shelly-Ann的表现 后，决定对她进行更为严格的训练。故答案为He decided to offer her a place in his very strict training sessions.
【39题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第四段中“It didn't take long for Shelly-Ann to realize that sports could be her way out of Waterhouse.(没过多久，谢莉·安就意识到，运动是她离开沃特豪斯的出路)”和“The barefoot kid who just a few years previously had been living in poverty, surrounded by criminals and violence, had written a new chapter in the history of sports.(这个几年前还生活在贫困中，被罪犯和暴力包围的赤脚孩子，在体育史上写下了新的一章)”，和第五段中“But Shelly-Ann’s victory was far greater than that. The night she won Olympic gold in Beijing, the routine murders in Waterhouse and the drug wars in the neighbouring streets stopped.(但谢莉·安的胜利远不止于此。就在她在北京赢得奥运金牌的当晚，沃特豪斯的例行谋杀和附近街道上的毒品战争停止了) ”可知，Shelly-Ann的夺冠让她摆脱了艰苦和贫穷的Waterhouse社区，在体育史上写下了新的篇章，给国家带来荣誉，同时让Waterhouse社区的暴力与冲突暂停了好几天。故答案为First, her success in sports could be the way out of her tough and poor community and she has written a new chapter in the history of sports. Second, her victory not only brought honor to her country, but also helped stop the spread of violence and wars for a few days.
【40题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第三段中“Her journey to becoming the fastest woman on earth has been anything but smooth and effortless.(她成为世界上速度最快的女性的过程绝不是一帆风顺的)”和“She grew up in one of Jamaica’s toughest inner-city communities known as Waterhouse, where she lived in a one-room apartment, sleeping four in a bed with her mother and two brothers. Waterhouse, one of the poorest communities in Jamaica, is a really violent and overpopulated place.(她在牙买加最艰苦的内城社区之一Waterhouse长大，她住在一套一居室公寓里，四个人睡一张床，还有母亲和两个兄弟。Waterhouse是牙买加最贫穷的社区之一，是一个暴力和人口过剩的地方) ”可知，谢莉·安的成长过程充满艰辛，她的成长环境充斥着暴力，并不安全。故答案为：Shelly-Ann has become the fastest woman in the world because she not only works hard but also lives in a secure environment. 原因：According to the passage, her journey to becoming the fastest woman on earth has been anything but smooth and effortless. She grew up in one of Jamaica’s toughest inner-city communities instead of a secure environment.
【41题详解】
考查语言表达能力。结合谢莉·安成长故事可知，环境在人的成长过程中不是决定性因素，重要的是要有梦想。故答案为：It is not the envirnment but the dreams that make a great athlete. Muhammad Ali is another example. He was born into an age of severe racial discrimination, but he fought along with his dreams, earned his reputation and ended with glory.
第二节 基础词汇 （共8小题；每小题1分，共8分）
请运用第一、第二单元所学单词，根据句意和所给的首字母或中文提示，用单词的适当形式填空，一空一词。
42. Every student in our school has a________ to the school library, which means that they are allowed to go into it.（根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】access##ccess
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：我们学校的每个学生都有机会去图书馆（学习），这意味着他们被允许进入。固定搭配have access to“使用，接近，可以利用”。故填access。
43. The job is extremely demanding and I am afraid I may have difficulty ________ (处理；应付) it.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】handling
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这份工作要求很高，我担心我在处理它时可能会有困难。根据汉语提示“处理，应付”可知，此处为动词handle，have difficulty (in) doing sth.为固定用法，意为“做某事有困难”。故填handling。
44. He tended to d________ the conversation by controlling the topic and influencing others in an unpleasant way. （根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】dominate##ominate
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：他常常会主导谈话，并且是以一种使人不舒服的控制话题和影响别人的方式。根据tend to do sth.“趋向于做某事”可知，空处用动词原形；根据首字母以及句意“控制，主导，支配”可知dominate符合题意，故填dominate。
45. The publisher persuaded the writers successfully and now they are c________ that they should accept his advice. （根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】convinced##onvinced
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：出版商成功说服了作者们，现在他们确信他应该接受他的建议。结合首字母提示和句意“确信”可知，形容词convinced符合题意，be convinced that...“确信……”。故填convinced。
46. Fashion is ________ (持续不断地) changing because no fashion can enjoy popularity all the time. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】constantly
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：时尚是不断变化的，因为没有一种时尚可以一直流行下去。根据汉语提示“持续不断地”和“is changing”可知，应填副词constantly修饰动词。故填constantly。
47. It's i________ that the big tame wolf is as mild as a lamb. （根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】incredible##ncredible
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：令人难以置信的是，驯服的大狼温顺得像羔羊。根据句意“难以置信的”和首字母提示“i”可知，应填形容词incredible作表语。故填incredible。
48. The president was a creature of habit and he would ________（拒绝） any idea of reforming the system. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】reject
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：总统是个墨守成规的人，他拒绝任何改革体制的想法。“would”是情态动词，其后跟动词原形，“拒绝”的动词是reject，故填reject。
49. Her ________（提升，晋升）to Sales Manager was not surprising at all since she has managed to bring in millions of dollars of sales income. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】promotion
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：她被提升为销售部经理一点也不惊奇，因为她设法取得了数百万美元的营销收入。空格处是主语，要用名词，根据汉语提示填promotion。
第三节 完成句子（共4小题；每小题2分，共8分）
请运用第一、第二单元所学短语完成下列句子。
50. ________ (代表) every teacher here, I wish you a pleasant journey back home and a great future.（根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】On behalf of
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：我代表在座的每一位老师，祝你们回国一路顺风，前程远大。表示“代表”应用固定短语on behalf of。故填On behalf of。
51. According to a research, dreaming ________ (占据) about one quarter of our sleeping time. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】takes up
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语和动词时态。句意：根据一项研究，做梦占据了我们睡眠时间的四分之一。根据汉语提示“占据”可知，此处为动词短语take up，陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，主语为dreaming，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填takes up。
52. It seemed that all these opinions ________ (有道理；解释得通), but later they proved to be absurd. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】made sense
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语和时态。句意：这些观点似乎都说得通，但后来被证明是荒谬的。“有道理；解释得通”是固定短语make sense，由前面的“seemed”可知，句子时态用一般过去时，故填made sense。
53. If you ________（努力；专心致志于）the job in hand, you’ll soon finish it. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】apply yourself to##are devoted to##devote yourself to
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语，时态和主谓一致。句意：如果你专心做手头的工作，你很快就会完成的。“努力；专心致志于”是固定短语apply oneself to/be devoted to/devote oneself to，句子主语是you，后面的时态是一般将来时，if从句中用一般现在时，因此空格处是apply yourself to/are devoted to/devote yourself to，故填apply yourself to/are devoted to/devote yourself to。
第四节 写作表达 （共15分）
54. 假设你是红星中学高二学生李华，你校在举办以“A successful person in my mind”为主题的系列活动，请你写一封邀请信，邀请一位你心目中的成功人士来做讲座，内容包括：
1. 时间、地点、内容；
2. 邀请她/他的原因；
3. 期待她/他的到来。
注意：词数100词左右
Dear_______________,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Sincerely Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Mr. Ma,
I’m Li Hua, a sophomore from Red Star Middle School. It is my honor to invite you to take part in our coming activities with the theme of A Successful Person in My Mind.
I'm writing to invite you to give us a lecture in the school hall. The lecture is to start at 9:00 am on October 15 and last about an hour. Since you are such a successful businessman, the students are eager to know your stories and experiences. As a great example of successful individual, your lecture will be of great importance to us. It will surely lighten the way ahead of us and prevent us from falling into traps and troubles. We would appreciate it if you could accept our invitation and participate in our activities.
Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。学校要举办以“A successful person in my mind”为主题的系列活动，要求考生以学生会的名义给心目中的成功人士写信，邀请她/他来做讲座。
【详解】1.词汇积累
参与：take part in→participate in
主题，话题：theme→subject/topic
演讲：lecture→speech
确定地：surely→certainly/definitely
2.句式拓展
原句：It is my honor to invite you to take part in our coming activities with the theme of A Successful Person in My Mind.
拓展句：It is my honor to invite you to take part in our coming activities the theme of which is A Successful Person in My Mind.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Since you are a great example of successful individual, your lecture will be of great importance to us. (运用了由since引导的原因状语从句)
[高分句型3] We would appreciate it if you could set aside some time for it. (运用了形容宾语it和if引导的宾语从句)
听力答案：1. A 2. B 3. C 4. A 5. C 6. A 7. C 8. C 9. B 10.B 11. A 12. C 13. A 14. B 15. B
16. July 17. Old 18. racing 19. gifts 20. 30
北京一零一中学2021-2022学年上学期高二期中考试
英语试卷
（考试时间：100分钟，试卷满分：120分）
第一部分：听力理解（共三节，共20分）
第一节（共5 小题；每小题1分，共5分）
听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话你将听一遍。
1. Who will go to China next month?
A. Lucy. B. Alice. C. Richard.
2. What does the woman mean?
A. The man shouldn't get annoyed.
B. The man is too forgetful.
C. The man has too many keys.
3. What does the woman mean?
A. She isn't in the mood to travel.
B. France is too far for family holiday.
C. Family holiday no longer interests her.
4. What is probably the man?
A. A shop assistant. B. A dentist. C. A customer.
5. What are the speakers talking about?
A. The exam score. B. The world news. C. A soccer match.
第二节（共10 小题；每小题1分，共10分）
听下面4段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白你将听两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
6. Why do they want to buy a present for their mother?
A. It’s her birthday. B. It’s Mother’s Day. C. It’s Women’s Day.
7. What are they going to buy?
A. Some flowers. B. A box of chocolates. C. A book.
听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
8. What is the woman going to do tonight?
A. Go to a concert. B. Phone her doctor. C. Prepare for an exam.
9. What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?
A. Teacher and student. B. Classmates. C. Doctor and patient.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What made seaside holiday possible for British families around the mid-19th century?
A. Better railway services.
B. The invention of the railways.
C. The fast growth of the railways.
11. Why couldn’t ordinary working people go on holiday before 1871?
A. They had very little time off work.
B. Banks were closed during holidays.
C. The government was not interested in holidays.
12. What was offered at the seaside to attract holidaymakers?
A. Free accommodation. B. Income rise. C. Cheap entertainment.
听第9段材料，回答第13至15题。
13. Where are the two speakers?
A. In a dining hall. B. In a hospital. C. In a lecture room.
14. What did the man do?
A. He saw a doctor.
B. He took some medicine.
C. He had vegetables for lunch.
15. What does the woman think the man should do?
A. Have meals regularly.
B. Pay attention to his health.
C. Go to Dr.Kevin’s office.
第三节（共5小题；每小题1分，共5分）
请听下面一段独白，完成第16至第20五道小题，每小题仅填写一个词。听对话前，你将有20秒钟的时间阅读试题，听完后你将有60秒钟的作答时间。这段对话你将听两遍。
Date & location
18th 16 ; Three Tree Show Ground
Displays
___17 cars and buses; cars of the future
Famous people
Jack Tyler: presenter of the Television Show;
Michael Boreman: top 18 driver
For ladies
Small shops selling 19 , jewelry and clothes
Price of a family ticket
£ 20
第二部分：知识运用 （共两节，共25分）
第一节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1分, 共10分）
A
阅读下列短文，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空
I love music. When I was 16, I formed my first band called “Frog”. At the beginning, we depended ____1____ playing instruments in the street to earn money. Then we wore false beards pretending to be famous musicians. In addition, we added humorous acts to our performances and played jokes on one another. Soon, our “funny jazz” became famous and we ____2____ (invite) to perform everywhere. Afterwards, we made a record in a studio. About one million ____3____ (copy) were sold and we became rich and popular.
【答案】1. on##upon
2. were invited
3. copies
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章回忆了作者曾经组建的一支名为“青蛙”的乐队，从最初的街头卖艺到后来名声大震的经历。
【1题详解】
考查介词。句意：起初，我们靠在街上演奏乐器来挣钱。空处填介词on或upon与动词depend构成动词短语搭配，表示“依靠，依赖”。故填on/upon。
【2题详解】
考查谓语动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：很快，我们的“滑稽爵士”就出名了，我们被邀请到各地表演。分析句子可知，并列连词and连接两个句子，时态保持一致，故空处应用谓语动词invite的一般过去时，又与主语we为复数，且为被动关系，所以谓语动词用复数、被动语态were invited。故填were invited。
【3题详解】
考查名词单复数。句意：大约卖了有一百万张，我们也变得富有和受欢迎。分析句子可知，空处填copy的名词复数形式copies，作介词about的宾语。故填copies。
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Voyages of people from England played ____4____ important part in spreading the English language. At present, English is frequently spoken as an official or common language in many countries. ____5____ (base) on British English, English spoken in these countries can be understood well by native English speakers. But actually, English has been changing ____6____ (gradual) in terms of accents, spellings, expressions and vocabulary usage. Because of these facts, you can recognize the differences and tell from which country a foreigner comes.
【答案】4. an 5. Based
6. gradually
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了英语这门语言的发展与变化。
【4题详解】
考查冠词。句意：英国人的航海在英语的传播中起了重要作用。Play an important part in为固定短语，意为“在……起重要作用”。故填an。
【5题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在英式英语的基础上，这些国家的英语可以被以英语为母语的人很好地理解。be based on为固定短语，意为“以……为基础”，句子已有谓语动词can be understood，空处需填过去分词作状语，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Based。
【6题详解】
考查副词。句意：但实际上，英语在口音、拼写、表达和词汇使用方面都在逐渐发生变化。修饰动词has been changing需用副词gradually作状语。故填gradually。
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Charlie Chaplin was an extraordinary performer ____7____ acted in and directed many outstanding comedies. Few were bored in ____8____ (watch) his moustache, his gestures or his entertaining reactions when chased by detectives. Being drunk, sliding on a banana peel or whispering his own failures to nobody, he made ____9____ (we) feel more satisfied with our life without even having to use one word. His unique sense of humor ____10____ (astonish) people across the world even till this day.
【答案】7. who##that
8 watching
9. us 10. has astonished
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了杰出喜剧演员查理·卓别林。
【7题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：查理·卓别林是一位杰出的演员，他演并导演了许多杰出的喜剧。空处引导定语从句，先行词performer，指人，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词who/that引导。故填who/that。
【8题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：当他被侦探追捕时，很少有人会对他的胡子、他的手势或他有趣的反应感到厌烦。in为介词，后面需加动名词作宾语。故填watching。
【9题详解】
考查代词。句意：他喝醉了，踩着香蕉皮滑倒了，或者对别人窃窃私语自己的失败，他不用说一个字，就能让我们对生活感到更满意。made后面需加宾语，空处需填宾格形式us。故填us。
【10题详解】
考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：直到今天，他那独特的幽默感仍然让全世界的人感到惊讶。根据时间状语“till this day”可知，使用现在完成时，主语为His unique sense of humor，助动词用has。故填has astonished。
第二节 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
Inspiration
“Mama, when I grow up, I’m going to be one of those!” I said this after seeing the Capital Dancing Company perform when I was three. It was the first time that my ___11___ took on a vivid form and acted as something important to start my training. As I grew older and was exposed to more, my interests in the world of dance ___12___ varied but that little girl’s dream of someday becoming a dancer in the company never left me. In the summer of 2005 when I was 18, I received the phone call which made that dream a reality: I became a member of the company dating back to 1925.
As I look back on that day now, it surely ___13___ any sense of reality. I believe I stayed in a state of pleasant disbelief ___14___ I was halfway through rehearsals (排练) on my first day. I never actually ___15___ to get the job. After being offered the position, I was completely ___16___. I remember shaking with excitement.
Though I was absolutely thrilled with the change, it did not come without its fair share of challenges. Through the strict rehearsal period of dancing six days a week, I found it vital to ___17___ up the material fast with every last bit of concentration. It is that extreme attention to detail and stress on practice that set us apart. To then follow those high-energy rehearsals with a busy show schedule of up to five performances a day, I discovered a new meaning of the words “hard work”. What I thought were my physical ___18___ were pushed much further than I thought possible. I learned to make each performance better than the last.
Today, when I look at the unbelievable company that I have the great ___19___ of being a part of, not only as a member, but as a dance captain, I see a ____20____ that has inspired not only generations of little girls but a splendid company that continues to develop and grow—and inspires people every day to follow their dreams.
11. A. hobby B. plan C. dream D. word
12. A. rarely B. certainly C. probably D. consistently
13. A. lacks B. adds C. makes D. brings
14. A. while B. since C. until D. when
15. A. cared B. expected C. asked D. decided
16. A. motivated B. relaxed C. tired D. astonished
17. A. put B. mix C. build D. pick
18. A. boundaries B. problems C. barriers D. efforts
19. A. talent B. honor C. potential D. responsibility
20. A. victory B. trend C. tradition D. desire
【答案】11. C 12. B 13. A 14. C 15. B 16. D 17. D 18. A 19. B 20. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在3岁的时候，第一次找到了自己的梦想，渴望有一天能成为舞蹈公司的舞者，当她有幸成为其中一员时，看到了这家历史悠久的公司的一个传统——不断进步，激励人们每天去追逐梦想。
【11题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是我的梦想第一次以生动的形式出现，并作为重要的事情让我开始我的训练。A. hobby爱好；B. plan计划；C. dream梦想；D. word单词。根据下文“but that little girl’s dream of someday becoming a dancer in the company never left me”可知，此处是信息词dream的词汇复现。故选C。
【12题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：随着年龄的增长，接触到的事物越来越多，我对舞蹈世界的兴趣也一定会发生变化，但那个小女孩梦想有一天能成为舞蹈团的一名舞者的梦想从未离开过我。A. rarely罕见地；B. certainly确定地；C. probably可能地；D. consistently一贯地，始终如一地。根据上文“As I grew older and was exposed to more”可知，随着年龄的增长，接触到的事物越来越多，对于舞蹈世界的兴趣一定会发生变化。故选B。
【13题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我现在回头看那一天，它肯定缺乏任何现实感。A. lacks缺乏；B. adds增加；C. makes制作；D. brings带来。根据上文“when I was 18, I received the phone call which made that dream a reality: I became a member of the company dating back to 1925”可知，18岁的时候，作者从小想成为舞蹈团的一名舞者的梦想实现了，从现在看来，作者觉得缺乏真实感。故选A。
【14题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：我相信我一直沉浸在一种愉快的、难以置信的状态中，直到我第一天的排练进行到一半。A. while当……时候；B. since自从；C. until直到；D. when当……时候。根据下文“I was halfway through rehearsals (排练) on my first day”可知，作者从小想成为舞蹈团的一名舞者的梦想实现了，作者觉得缺乏真实感，一直处于难以置信的状态，直到第一天的排练进行到一半（才有这种真实感，自己的梦想实现了）。故选C。
【15题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我从没想过能得到这份工作。A. cared关心；B. expected期待；C. asked问；D. decided决定。根据“I believe I stayed in a state of pleasant disbelief”可知，作者从小想成为舞蹈团的一名舞者的梦想实现了，作者觉得缺乏真实感，一直处于难以置信的状态，可得出作者没有期望自己能得到这份工作。故选B。
【16题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：得到这份工作后，我完全惊呆了。A. motivated有动机的，有积极性的；B. relaxed放松的；C. tired劳累的；D. astonished惊讶的。根据上文“I never actually ___5___ to get the job.”可知，作者没有期望自己能得到这份工作，因此被告知得到这份工作以后，感到很惊讶。故选D。
【17题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：通过每周6天严格的舞蹈排练，我发现在每一点注意力都集中的情况下，快速掌握舞蹈内容是至关重要的。A. put up搭建，张贴；B. mix up混合；C. build up建立；D. pick up学会。根据下文“the material fast with every last bit of concentration”可知，作者发现快速学习舞蹈内容是至关重要的。故选D。
【18题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我所认为的我的生理界限被超越了我所认为的可能。A. boundaries界限；B. problems问题；C. barriers障碍；D. efforts努力。根据下文“were pushed much further than I thought possible. I learned to make each performance better than the last.”可知，作者的表演一场比一场好，所以作者认为自己的生理极限被超越了。故选A。
【19题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：今天，当我看到这个令人难以置信的公司，我很荣幸成为其中的一员，不仅仅是一名成员，而且作为一名舞蹈队长，我看到这个传统不仅激励了一代又一代的小女孩，而且还激励了一支不断发展壮大的优秀舞蹈团，激励着人们每天追寻自己的梦想。A. talent天赋；B. honor荣誉；C. potential潜力；D. responsibility责任。根据上文“the unbelievable company”可知，这个舞蹈公司很棒，作者感到成为这个舞蹈公司的一员很荣幸。故选B。
【20题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：今天，当我看到这个令人难以置信的公司，我很荣幸成为其中的一员，不仅仅是一名成员，而且作为一名舞蹈队长，我看到这个传统不仅激励了一代又一代的小女孩，而且还激励了一支不断发展壮大的优秀舞蹈团，激励着人们每天追寻自己的梦想。A. victory胜利；B. trend趋势；C. tradition传统；D. desire渴望，愿望。根据下文“that has inspired not only generations of little girls but a splendid company that continues to develop and grow-and inspires people every day to follow their dreams”可知，不仅激励了一代又一代的小女孩，而且还激励了一支不断发展壮大的优秀舞蹈团，激励着人们每天追寻自己的梦想，是这个公司的传统，符合语境。故选C。
第三部分：阅读理解（共两节，共34分）
第一节 （共12小题；每小题2分，共24分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
A
What Theresa Loe is doing proves that a large farm isn’t a prerequisite for a modern grow-your-own lifestyle. On a mere 1/10 of an acre in Los Angeles, Loe and her family grow, can (装罐) and preserve much of the food they consume.
Loe is a master food preserver, gardener and canning expert. She also operates a website, where she shares her tips and recipes, with the goal of demonstrating that everyone has the ability to control what’s on their plate.
Loe initially went to school to become an engineer, but she quickly learned that her enthusiasm was mainly about growing and preparing her own food. “ got into cooking my own food and started growing my own herbs(香草)and foods for that fresh flavor,” she said. Engineer by day, Loe learned cooking at night school. She ultimately purchased a small piece of land with her husband and began growing their own foods.
“I teach people how to live farm-fresh without a farm,” Loe said. Through her website Loe emphasizes that ‘‘anybody can do this anywhere.” Got an apartment with a balcony (阳台)? Plant some herbs. A window? Perfect spot for growing. Start with herbs, she recommends, because “they’re very forgiving.” Just a little of the herbs “can take your regular cooking to a whole new level,” she added. “I think it’s a great place to start.” Then? Try growing something from a seed, she said, like a tomato or some tea.
Canning is a natural extension of the planting she does. With every planted food, Loe noted, there’s a moment when it’s bursting with its absolute peak flavor. “I try and keep it in a time capsule in a canning jar,” Loe said. “Canning for me is about knowing what’s in your food, knowing where it comes from.”
In addition to being more in touch with the food she’s eating, another joy comes from passing this knowledge and this desire for good food to her children: “Influencing them and telling them your opinion on not only being careful what we eat but understanding the bigger picture,” she said, “that if we don’t take care of the earth, no one will.”
21. The underlined word “prerequisite” (Para. 1) is closest in meaning to“ ”.
A. recipe B. substitute
C. requirement D. challenge
22. Why does Loe suggest starting with herbs?
A. They are used daily. B. They are easy to grow.
C. They can grow very tall. D. They can be eaten uncooked.
23. According to Loe, what is the benefit of canning her planted foods?
A. It can preserve their best flavor. B. It can promote her online sales.
C. It can better her cooking skills. D. It can improve their nutrition.
24. What is the “the bigger picture” (Para. 6) that Loe wishes her children to understand?
A. The knowledge about good food. B. The way to live a grow-our-own life.
C. The joy of getting in touch with foods. D. The responsibility to protect our earth
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. A 24. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。Loe是“自己种植”现代生活方式的实践者，她热衷于自己种植香草和味道新鲜的食物，并将食物装入密封罐中保持以保持最佳的风味，更想通过自己的举动影响孩子们，让他们意识到保护地球的责任。
【21题详解】
词义猜测题。根据首段第二句“On a mere 1/10 of an acre … and preserve much of the food they consume”可知面积并不是硬要求。该句句意为：Loe在那里所做的一切证明，一个大农场对“自己种植”现代生活方式来说并不是一个硬要求。故选C项。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“Start with herbs, she recommends, because “they’re very forgiving.” Just a little of the herbs “can take your regular cooking to a whole new level,” she added. ”可知香草很容易生长。故选B项。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段中“there is a moment when it’s bursting with its absolute peak flavor. ‘I try to keep it in a time capsule in a canning jar,’”可知将种植的事物装入密封罐中保存的好处是能够保持最佳的风味。故选A项。
【24题详解】
词义猜测题。根据最后一段中尾句“that if we don’t take care of the earth, no one will”可知the bigger picture指的是保护地球的责任。故选D项。
B
During the rosy years of elementary school(小学), I enjoyed sharing my dolls and jokes, which allowed me to keep my high social status. I was the queen of the playground. Then came my tweens and teens, and mean girls and cool kids. They rose in the ranks not by being friendly but by smoking cigarettes, breaking rules and playing jokes on others, among whom I soon found myself.
Popularity is a well-explored subject in social psychology. Mitch Prinstein, a professor of clinical psychology sorts the popular into two categories: the likable and the status seekers. The likables’ plays-well-with-others qualities strengthen schoolyard friendships, jump-start interpersonal skills and, when tapped early, are employed ever after in life and work. Then there’s the kind of popularity that appears in adolescence: status born of power and even dishonorable behavior.
Enviable as the cool kids may have seemed, Dr. Prinstein’s studies show unpleasant consequences. Those who were highest in status in high school, as well as those least liked in elementary school, are “most likely to engage(从事) in dangerous and risky behavior.”
In one study, Dr. Prinstein examined the two types of popularity in 235 adolescents, scoring the least liked, the most liked and the highest in status based on student surveys(调查研究). “We found that the least well-liked teens had become more aggressive over time toward their classmates. But so had those who were high in status. It clearly showed that while likability can lead to healthy adjustment, high status has just the opposite effect on us.”
Dr. Prinstein has also found that the qualities that made the neighbors want you on a play date—sharing, kindness, openness—carry over to later years and make you better able to relate and connect with others.
In analyzing his and other research, Dr. Prinstein came to another conclusion: Not only is likability related to positive life outcomes, but it is also responsible for those outcomes, too. “Being liked creates opportunities for learning and for new kinds of life experiences that help somebody gain an advantage, ” he said.
25. What sort of girl was the author in her early years of elementary school?
A. Unkind. B. Lonely. C. Generous. D. Cool.
26. What is the second paragraph mainly about?
A. The classification of the popular.
B. The characteristics of adolescents.
C. The importance of interpersonal skills.
D. The causes of dishonorable behavior.
27. What did Dr. Prinstein’s study find about the most liked kids?
A. They appeared to be aggressive.
B. They tended to be more adaptable.
C. They enjoyed the highest status.
D. They performed well academically.
28. What is the best title for the text?
A. Be Nice—You Won’t Finish Last
B. The Higher the Status, the Better
C. Be the Best—You Can Make It
D. More Self-Control, Less Aggressiveness
【答案】25. C 26. A 27. B 28. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了受欢迎度对青少年的影响。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段During the rosy years of elementary school, I enjoyed sharing my dolls and jokes, which allowed me to keep my high social status.可知，在美好的小学时光里，作者喜欢分享她的娃娃和笑话，由此推断出，作者在早年的小学时期是一个慷慨的女孩。A. Unkind不友善的；B. Lonely寂寞的；C. Generous慷慨的；D. Cool冷静的。故选C。
【26题详解】
主旨大意题。第二段Mitch Prinstein, a professor of clinical psychology sorts the popular into two categories: the likable and the status seekers.（临床心理学教授Mitch Prinstein将受欢迎的人分为两类:讨人喜欢的人和追求地位的人。）是段落主题句，本段内容分别对the likable 和the status seekers做了解释，所以本段主要介绍了两种受欢迎的分类，故选A。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段It clearly showed that while likability can lead to healthy adjustment （它清楚地表明，讨人喜欢可以促使健全的调整）推断出，心理学教授Mitch Prinstein的研究表明，讨人喜欢的孩子适应性更强，故选B。
【28题详解】
主旨大意题。通过阅读全文内容，尤其是最后一段，可知这篇文章主要讲了受欢迎度对青少年的影响，讨人喜欢对青少年成长都有深远的有益影响。与选项A“友善一点——你将不会排在最后（你不会完蛋/你会笑到最后）”一致，故选A。
C
Success and Risk in Extreme Sports
What is it that drives some to take extreme risks, while the rest of us hurry for the safety of the sidelines?
Lester Keller, sports-psychology expert, says that not everyone has the mental makeup to do well in extreme sports. He notes that most of us hit a natural ceiling that limits our appetite for extreme risk in tricky conditions. But others have a much higher tolerance for risk. Keller points to a top ski racer. He told Keller that “the high element of risk makes you feel alive, tests what you are made of and how far you can take yourself”. He said he would get nervous on some of the courses, but that this would just make him fight more.
Psychologists note that some people seem to have a strong desire for adrenaline (肾上腺素) rushes as a behavior seeking excited feelings. Like many extreme athletes Emily Cook’s appetite for risk appeared at a young age. “I was a gymnast,” she said. “I was one of those kids who enjoyed and did well at anything where you were upside down.” As she started doing harder tricks, she was drawn to the challenge. “There are moments when you’re up there doing a new trick and it seems like an impossible thing. But overcoming that is just the coolest feeling in the world.”
Shane Murphy, sports professor, has worked with groups climbing Everest. “To me, that just seems like the height of risk,” he said. “But to them it was the next step in an activity that they’ve prepared for years.” Murphy said the view of extreme athletes is different from our own. “We look at a risky situation and know that if we were in that situation we would be out of control. But from the athletes’ view, they have a lot of control, and there are many things that they do to minimize risk.”
Another aspect of risk perception (认知) may be something referred to as “the flow”, a state in which many athletes become absorbed in the acts that focus the mind completely on the present. “Something that makes you try doing a tougher climb than usual, perhaps, is that your adrenaline flows and you become very concentrated on what you’re doing,” Murphy says. “After it’s over, there’s great excitement.”
People of different skill levels experience the flow at different times. Some may always be driven to adventures that others consider extreme. “I can enjoy hitting a tennis ball around, because that’s my skill level,” Murphy says. “But others might need the challenge of Olympic competition.”
29. By using the term “natural ceiling” in Paragraph 2, Lester Keller points out that ______.
A. extreme athletes must learn special skills
B. extreme athletes have chances to take risks
C. many people don’t want to do extreme sports
D. many people can’t limit desire for extreme sports
30. What does Shane Murphy think about the mountain climbers he mentions?
A. They put in lots of preparation for challenges.
B. They are more fortunate than other sportspeople.
C. They carry little risk when facing big challenges.
D. They have special reasons that others can’t easily understand.
31. What main point is made in Paragraph 5?
A. Extreme athletes use techniques other people don’t use.
B. Non-athletes are probably wise not to try extreme sports.
C. Most people lack the focus required to take bigger risks.
D. A certain state of mind makes attempting an activity more likely.
32. We can learn from the passage that ______.
A. risk-taking is something you either naturally do or avoid
B. those who take risks are more likely to be successful in life
C. extreme athletes are driven by a need to be better than others
D. taking part in extreme sports is not as difficult as people think
【答案】29. C 30. A 31. D 32. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了极限运动的成功与风险。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。分析文章第二段第二句“He notes that most of us hit a natural ceiling that limits our appetite for extreme risk in tricky conditions.”（他指出，我们中的大多数人达到了一个自然的上限，这个（自然上限）限制了我们在复杂条件下对极端风险的欲望。）可知，这里含有一个定语从句，先行词为a natural ceiling，定语从句对a natural ceiling进行修饰，“限制了我们在复杂条件下对极端风险的欲望”说明许多人不想做极限运动。故选C项。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段开头提到的“groups climbing Everest”（攀登珠穆朗玛峰的团体）和第二句“To me, that just seems like the height of risk,” he said. “But to them it was the next step in an activity that they’ve prepared for years.”（“在我看来，这似乎是最大的风险，”他说。“但对他们来说，这是他们准备多年的一项活动的下一步。”）可知，登山者为挑战做了大量的准备。故选A项。
【31题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第五段第一句“Another aspect of risk perception (认知) may be something referred to as “the flow”, a state in which many athletes become absorbed in the acts that focus the mind completely on the present.”（ 风险认知的另一个方面可能是被称之为“心流”的东西 ，在这种状态下，许多运动员全神贯注于将精力完全集中在当下的行为。）以及后面的进一步解释可知，本段要点就是“the flow”这种特定的精神状态会使你更有可能去尝试一项活动。故选D项。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“People of different skill levels experience the flow at different times. Some may always be driven to adventures that others consider extreme.”（不同技能水平的人在不同的时间体验这种流动。一些人可能总是被驱使去冒险，而另一些人则认为是极端的。）以及后文所举的事例可知，不同的技能水平的人有自己不同的选择，所以冒险是你可以选择做或选择避免的事情。故选A项。
【点睛】概括主旨的方法是：先看首尾或各段开头再看全文找主题句，若无明显主题句，就通过关键词句来概括(如议论文中寻找表达作者观点态度的词句，记叙文寻找概括情节和中心的动词或反映人物特点的形容词)。文中出现两种或两种以上的不同观点时，务必牢记作者的观点才是体现全文中心的。例如本文第3题，第五段的要点，就在段落第一句上，准确理解了段落第一句，也就抓住了段落要点。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
You might have noticed how everyone is obsessed with their screen during family gatherings or bonding with friends. Disconnecting from devices might be challenging, but there are ways to spend time with your friends without using them. With the right activities you can connect more with them and have fun.
If you want to spend quality time with each other, you and your friends need to sacrifice your screen time. ___33___ It could also be one of the house rules when you are together. However, everyone in the group must be willing to cooperate or else the purpose might be defeated.
By turning off your devices it would focus the atmosphere more on your bonding. Everyone could feel more welcomed and invited. ___34___
So what are the alternatives other than staring at the screen? Before the trend of high-tech devices a board game had always been the source of entertainment when a group of friends wanted to have some fun, ___35___ Though they have digital versions you might not want to miss the opportunity to actually interact （互动）with your friends face to face.
Another helpful way to start a conversation with your friends is through playing question games. ___36___ But don't worry. There are many different versions of question games you can search online, such as Never Have I Ever questions.
___37___ While it is important to enjoy your get-together, going into a purposeful conversation is also necessary. You don't know what your friends are going through, and making room for a heart-to-heart talk might be what they need.
A. It is better for you all to agree on this matter.
B. So why not bring these classic activities back?
C. You and your friends could attend more to each other.
D. Being interactive is the key in bonding with your friends.
E. Turning off your devices could be the first step you can do.
F. Entertainment isn't the only way to interact with your friends.
G. The main idea of this kind of game is to take turns in involvement.
【答案】33. E 34. C 35. B 36. G 37. F
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。当和家人朋友聚会时，人们总是痴迷于手机。文章给出了一些方法，不使用手机，参与一些合适的活动，聚会更愉快。
【33题详解】
上文“If you want to spend quality time with each other, you and your friends need to sacrifice your screen time.( 如果你想把珍贵的时间花在彼此身上，你和你的朋友需要牺牲你们的屏幕时间)”可推断，建议关掉手机，E项中的“Turning off your devices”与之一致。故选E。
【34题详解】
上文“By turning off your devices it would focus the atmosphere more on your bonding. Everyone could feel more welcomed and invited.(关掉你的设备，气氛将会更多的集中在人与人的关系上。每个人都能感觉到更受欢迎和更被吸引)”可推断，此处讲述关掉手机后的好处，C项“你和你的朋友可以多关心对方。”与之相符。故选C。
【35题详解】
上文“Before the trend of high-tech devices a board game had always been the source of entertainment when a group of friends wanted to have some fun(在高科技设备的趋势之前, 当一群朋友想玩得开心的时候棋盘游戏一直是娱乐的来源)”可知，说明以前的有些活动也会让朋友们玩得高兴，B项的“these classic activities”与之相符，故B选项“那么，为什么不把这些经典活动带回来呢？”符合语境。故选B。
【36题详解】
上文“Another helpful way to start a conversation with your friends is through playing question games.( 另一个有用的方法，开始与你的朋友交谈是通过玩问题游戏。)”说到了问问题游戏，这种游戏应是轮流参与，G项中的“take turns in involvement.”与之相符。故选G。
【37题详解】
下文“While it is important to enjoy your get-together, going into a purposeful conversation is also necessary.( 虽然享受你们的聚会很重要，但进入有目的的谈话也是必要的。)”可知，聚会时娱乐固然重要，有目的的谈话也是必须的，因此推断空格处说的是娱乐，F项中的“Entertainment”与之相符。故选F。
第四部分：书面表达（共四节，共41分）
第一节 阅读表达（共4小题；第58至60小题，每小题各2分，第61小题4分，共10分）
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题
The Making of a Great Athlete
Not so long ago, most people didn’t know who Shelly-Ann-Francis-Pryce was going to become. She was just an average high school athlete. There was every indication that she was just another Jamaican teenager without much of a future. However, one person wanted to change this. Stephen Francis observed then eighteen-year-old Shelly Ann at a track meet and was sure that he had seen the beginnings of true greatness. Her times were not exactly impressive, but even so, he sensed there was something trying to get out, something the other coaches had overlooked when they had assessed her and found her lacking. He decided to offer Shelly-Ann a place in his very strict training sessions. Their cooperation quickly produced results, and a few years later at Jamaica’s Olympic games in early 2008, Shelly-Ann, who at that time only ranked number 70 in the world, beat Jamaica’s unchallenged queen of the sprint.
“Where did she come from?” asked an astonished sprinting world, before concluding that she must be one of those one-hit wonders that spring up from time to time, only to disappear again without signs. But Shelly-Ann was to prove that she was anything but a one-hit wonder. At the Beijing Olympic she swept away any doubts about her ability to perform consistently by becoming the first Jamaican woman ever to win the 100 meters Olympic gold. She did it again one year on at the World Championships in Berlin, becoming world champion with a time of 10.73--- the fourth fastest time ever.
Shelly-Ann is a little woman with a big smile. She has a mental toughness that did not come about by chance. Her journey to becoming the fastest woman on earth has been anything but smooth and effortless. She grew up in one of Jamaica’s toughest inner-city communities known as Waterhouse, where she lived in a one-room apartment, sleeping four in a bed with her mother and two brothers. Waterhouse, one of the poorest communities in Jamaica, is a really violent and overpopulated place. Several of Shelly-Ann's friends and family were caught up in the killings; one of her cousins was shot dead only a few streets away from where she lived. Sometimes her family didn’t have enough to eat. She ran at the school championships barefooted because she couldn’t afford shoes. Her mother Maxime, one of a family of fourteen, had been an athlete herself as a young girl but, like so many other girls in Waterhouse, had to stop after she had her first baby. Maxime’s early entry into the adult world with its responsibilities gave her the determination to ensure that her kids would not end up in Waterhouse's roundabout of poverty. One of the first things Maxime used to do with Shelly-Ann was taking her to the track, and she was ready to sacrifice everything.
It didn't take long for Shelly-Ann to realize that sports could be her way out of Waterhouse. On a summer evening in Beijing in 2008, all those long, hard hours of work and commitment finally bore fruit. The barefoot kid who just a few years previously had been living in poverty, surrounded by criminals and violence, had written a new chapter in the history of sports.
But Shelly-Ann’s victory was far greater than that. The night she won Olympic gold in Beijing, the routine murders in Waterhouse and the drug wars in the neighbouring streets stopped. The dark cloud above one of the world’s toughest criminal neighbourhoods simply disappeared for a few days. “I have so much fire burning for my country,” Shelly said. She plans to start a foundation for homeless children and wants to build a community centre in Waterhouse. She hopes to inspire the Jamaicans to lay down their weapons. She intends to fight to make it a woman’s as well as a man’s world.
As Muhammad Ali puts it, “Champions aren't made in gyms. Champions are made from something they have deep inside them. A desire, a dream, a vision.” One of the things Shelly-Ann can be proud of is her understanding of this truth.
38. What did Stephen Francis do after he observed Shelly-Ann at a track meet?
39. What is the significance of Shelly-Ann’s victory?
40. Please underline the inappropriate part in the following statement and explain why.
Shelly-Ann has become the fastest woman in the world because she not only works hard but also lives in a secure environment.
41. In your opinion, what contributes to the making of a great athlete? Besides Shelly-Ann, please use another example to illustrate your point. (No more than 40 words)
【答案】38. He decided to offer her a place in his very strict training sessions.
39. First, her success in sports could be the way out of her tough and poor community and she has written a new chapter in the history of sports. Second, her victory not only brought honor to her country, but also helped stop the spread of violence and wars for a few days.
40. Shelly-Ann has become the fastest woman in the world because she not only works hard but also lives in a secure environment. 原因： According to the passage, her journey to becoming the fastest woman on earth has been anything but smooth and effortless. She grew up in one of Jamaica’s toughest inner-city communities instead of a secure environment.
41. It is not the envirnment but the dreams that make a great athlete. Muhammad Ali is another example. He was born into an age of severe racial discrimination, but he fought along with his dreams, earned his reputation and ended with glory. (言之有理即可)
【解析】
【分析】本文是记叙文。文章介绍了牙买加体育名将谢莉·安的成长经历和她在成功带来的影响。
【38题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第一段中“Stephen Francis observed then eighteen-year-old Shelly Ann at a track meet and was sure that he had seen the beginnings of true greatness. (斯蒂芬·弗朗西斯在一次田径运动会上观察到当时只有18岁的谢莉 ·安，他确信自己看到了真正伟大的开端) ”和“He decided to offer Shelly-Ann a place in his very strict training sessions.(他决定让雪莉·安参加他非常严格的训练课程)”可知，Stephen Francis在看到Shelly-Ann的表现 后，决定对她进行更为严格的训练。故答案为He decided to offer her a place in his very strict training sessions.
【39题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第四段中“It didn't take long for Shelly-Ann to realize that sports could be her way out of Waterhouse.(没过多久，谢莉·安就意识到，运动是她离开沃特豪斯的出路)”和“The barefoot kid who just a few years previously had been living in poverty, surrounded by criminals and violence, had written a new chapter in the history of sports.(这个几年前还生活在贫困中，被罪犯和暴力包围的赤脚孩子，在体育史上写下了新的一章)”，和第五段中“But Shelly-Ann’s victory was far greater than that. The night she won Olympic gold in Beijing, the routine murders in Waterhouse and the drug wars in the neighbouring streets stopped.(但谢莉·安的胜利远不止于此。就在她在北京赢得奥运金牌的当晚，沃特豪斯的例行谋杀和附近街道上的毒品战争停止了) ”可知，Shelly-Ann的夺冠让她摆脱了艰苦和贫穷的Waterhouse社区，在体育史上写下了新的篇章，给国家带来荣誉，同时让Waterhouse社区的暴力与冲突暂停了好几天。故答案为First, her success in sports could be the way out of her tough and poor community and she has written a new chapter in the history of sports. Second, her victory not only brought honor to her country, but also helped stop the spread of violence and wars for a few days.
【40题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第三段中“Her journey to becoming the fastest woman on earth has been anything but smooth and effortless.(她成为世界上速度最快的女性的过程绝不是一帆风顺的)”和“She grew up in one of Jamaica’s toughest inner-city communities known as Waterhouse, where she lived in a one-room apartment, sleeping four in a bed with her mother and two brothers. Waterhouse, one of the poorest communities in Jamaica, is a really violent and overpopulated place.(她在牙买加最艰苦的内城社区之一Waterhouse长大，她住在一套一居室公寓里，四个人睡一张床，还有母亲和两个兄弟。Waterhouse是牙买加最贫穷的社区之一，是一个暴力和人口过剩的地方) ”可知，谢莉·安的成长过程充满艰辛，她的成长环境充斥着暴力，并不安全。故答案为：Shelly-Ann has become the fastest woman in the world because she not only works hard but also lives in a secure environment. 原因：According to the passage, her journey to becoming the fastest woman on earth has been anything but smooth and effortless. She grew up in one of Jamaica’s toughest inner-city communities instead of a secure environment.
【41题详解】
考查语言表达能力。结合谢莉·安成长故事可知，环境在人的成长过程中不是决定性因素，重要的是要有梦想。故答案为：It is not the envirnment but the dreams that make a great athlete. Muhammad Ali is another example. He was born into an age of severe racial discrimination, but he fought along with his dreams, earned his reputation and ended with glory.
第二节 基础词汇 （共8小题；每小题1分，共8分）
请运用第一、第二单元所学单词，根据句意和所给的首字母或中文提示，用单词的适当形式填空，一空一词。
42. Every student in our school has a________ to the school library, which means that they are allowed to go into it.（根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】access##ccess
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：我们学校的每个学生都有机会去图书馆（学习），这意味着他们被允许进入。固定搭配have access to“使用，接近，可以利用”。故填access。
43. The job is extremely demanding and I am afraid I may have difficulty ________ (处理；应付) it.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】handling
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这份工作要求很高，我担心我在处理它时可能会有困难。根据汉语提示“处理，应付”可知，此处为动词handle，have difficulty (in) doing sth.为固定用法，意为“做某事有困难”。故填handling。
44. He tended to d________ the conversation by controlling the topic and influencing others in an unpleasant way. （根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】dominate##ominate
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：他常常会主导谈话，并且是以一种使人不舒服的控制话题和影响别人的方式。根据tend to do sth.“趋向于做某事”可知，空处用动词原形；根据首字母以及句意“控制，主导，支配”可知dominate符合题意，故填dominate。
45. The publisher persuaded the writers successfully and now they are c________ that they should accept his advice. （根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】convinced##onvinced
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：出版商成功说服了作者们，现在他们确信他应该接受他的建议。结合首字母提示和句意“确信”可知，形容词convinced符合题意，be convinced that...“确信……”。故填convinced。
46. Fashion is ________ (持续不断地) changing because no fashion can enjoy popularity all the time. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】constantly
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：时尚是不断变化的，因为没有一种时尚可以一直流行下去。根据汉语提示“持续不断地”和“is changing”可知，应填副词constantly修饰动词。故填constantly。
47. It's i________ that the big tame wolf is as mild as a lamb. （根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】incredible##ncredible
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：令人难以置信的是，驯服的大狼温顺得像羔羊。根据句意“难以置信的”和首字母提示“i”可知，应填形容词incredible作表语。故填incredible。
48. The president was a creature of habit and he would ________（拒绝） any idea of reforming the system. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】reject
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：总统是个墨守成规的人，他拒绝任何改革体制的想法。“would”是情态动词，其后跟动词原形，“拒绝”的动词是reject，故填reject。
49. Her ________（提升，晋升）to Sales Manager was not surprising at all since she has managed to bring in millions of dollars of sales income. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】promotion
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：她被提升为销售部经理一点也不惊奇，因为她设法取得了数百万美元的营销收入。空格处是主语，要用名词，根据汉语提示填promotion。
第三节 完成句子（共4小题；每小题2分，共8分）
请运用第一、第二单元所学短语完成下列句子。
50. ________ (代表) every teacher here, I wish you a pleasant journey back home and a great future.（根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】On behalf of
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：我代表在座的每一位老师，祝你们回国一路顺风，前程远大。表示“代表”应用固定短语on behalf of。故填On behalf of。
51. According to a research, dreaming ________ (占据) about one quarter of our sleeping time. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】takes up
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语和动词时态。句意：根据一项研究，做梦占据了我们睡眠时间的四分之一。根据汉语提示“占据”可知，此处为动词短语take up，陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，主语为dreaming，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填takes up。
52. It seemed that all these opinions ________ (有道理；解释得通), but later they proved to be absurd. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】made sense
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语和时态。句意：这些观点似乎都说得通，但后来被证明是荒谬的。“有道理；解释得通”是固定短语make sense，由前面的“seemed”可知，句子时态用一般过去时，故填made sense。
53. If you ________（努力；专心致志于）the job in hand, you’ll soon finish it. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】apply yourself to##are devoted to##devote yourself to
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语，时态和主谓一致。句意：如果你专心做手头的工作，你很快就会完成的。“努力；专心致志于”是固定短语apply oneself to/be devoted to/devote oneself to，句子主语是you，后面的时态是一般将来时，if从句中用一般现在时，因此空格处是apply yourself to/are devoted to/devote yourself to，故填apply yourself to/are devoted to/devote yourself to。
第四节 写作表达 （共15分）
54. 假设你是红星中学高二学生李华，你校在举办以“A successful person in my mind”为主题的系列活动，请你写一封邀请信，邀请一位你心目中的成功人士来做讲座，内容包括：
1. 时间、地点、内容；
2. 邀请她/他的原因；
3. 期待她/他的到来。
注意：词数100词左右
Dear_______________,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Sincerely Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Mr. Ma,
I’m Li Hua, a sophomore from Red Star Middle School. It is my honor to invite you to take part in our coming activities with the theme of A Successful Person in My Mind.
I'm writing to invite you to give us a lecture in the school hall. The lecture is to start at 9:00 am on October 15 and last about an hour. Since you are such a successful businessman, the students are eager to know your stories and experiences. As a great example of successful individual, your lecture will be of great importance to us. It will surely lighten the way ahead of us and prevent us from falling into traps and troubles. We would appreciate it if you could accept our invitation and participate in our activities.
Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。学校要举办以“A successful person in my mind”为主题的系列活动，要求考生以学生会的名义给心目中的成功人士写信，邀请她/他来做讲座。
【详解】1.词汇积累
参与：take part in→participate in
主题，话题：theme→subject/topic
演讲：lecture→speech
确定地：surely→certainly/definitely
2.句式拓展
原句：It is my honor to invite you to take part in our coming activities with the theme of A Successful Person in My Mind.
拓展句：It is my honor to invite you to take part in our coming activities the theme of which is A Successful Person in My Mind.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Since you are a great example of successful individual, your lecture will be of great importance to us. (运用了由since引导的原因状语从句)
[高分句型3] We would appreciate it if you could set aside some time for it. (运用了形容宾语it和if引导的宾语从句)
听力答案：1. A 2. B 3. C 4. A 5. C 6. A 7. C 8. C 9. B 10.B 11. A 12. C 13. A 14. B 15. B
16. July 17. Old 18. racing 19. gifts 20. 30
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