江苏省常州市部分学校2021-2022学年七年级上学期期中质量调研数学【试卷+答案】

2021~2022学年第一学期期中质量调研    2021.11

七 年 级 数 学 试 题

注意事项：

1．本场考试时间为90分钟，全卷100分。

2．考生应将答案全部填写在答题卡相应位置上，答在本试卷上无效。

一、选择题（本大题共8小题，每小题2分，共16分）

1．身份证号码32010619621118××××告诉我们很多信息，其中32、01、06所属的省（直辖市、自治区）、市、县（县级市、区）的编码，1962、11、18是出生的年、月、日；某人身份证号码是32110219810911××××，则此人出生的月份是（    ）   

A．8 B．10 C．9 D．11

2．在数，0，，9，－0.1，8844.43，－32％中，其中负数有（    ）

A．2个 B．3个 C．4个 D．5个

3．下列各数：－1，，0，3.14，，4.112112112…，其中无理数有（    ）

A．1个 B．2个 C．3个 D．4个

4．下列代数式中，单项式的是（　　）

A． B． C． D．

5．下列各组中的两项不属于同类项的是（　　）

A．和 B．和 C．和 D．和

6．下列计算正确的是（　　）

A．                     B．

C．                  D．

7．如图，在数轴上有a、b两数，式子：① ，② ，③，④ ，⑤，⑥；其中结果为正的式子有（    ）

A．1个 B．2个 C．3个 D．4个

8．古希腊著名的毕达哥拉斯学派把1、3、6、10 … 这样的数称为“三角形数”，而把1、4、9、16 … 这样的数称为“正方形数”． 从下图中可以发现，任何一个大于1的“正方形数”都可以看作两个相邻“三角形数”之和．下列等式中，符合这一规律的是（    ）

   A．13 = 3+10      B．25 = 9+16      C．36 = 15+21     D．49 = 18+31

二、填空题（本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分）

9．若将向东行驶3km，记作＋3km，则向西行驶2km应记作         ．

10．的倒数是　 　  　；的相反数是　  　 　．

11．单项式－ab2c3的系数是　　  　；多项式－2x3－3x＋1的次数是　  　 　．

12．比较大小：　   　；  　  　（填“＞”、“＜”、或“＝”符号）．

13．北京奥运会国家体育场“鸟巢”的建筑面积为258000平方米，那么258000平方米，用科学记数法可表示为                   平方米．

14．小明在电脑上每分钟录入汉字60个，小明的妈妈每分钟录入汉字50个，如果要录入个汉字，那么妈妈比小明多用                      分钟．

15．如图，是计算机程序计算，若开始输入x=－1，则最后输出的结果是         ．

16．在数轴上，点A表示数－1，A、B两点之间的距离为3，则点B表示数　      　．

17．若三个非零有理数a，b，c满足，则　     　．

18．已知在纸面上有一数轴，折叠纸面，数轴上－2表示的点与7表示的点重合．若数轴上A、B两点之间的距离为2021（A在B的左侧），且A、B两点经以上方法折叠后重合，则A点表示的数是                  ．

三、计算题（每小题4分，共16分）

19.（1）                   （2）

（3）                    （4）

四、计算与化简（20题每小题5分，21题6分，共16分）

20.（1）                         （2）

21. 先化简，再求值：，其中，．

五、解答题（本大题共4小题，22题6分，23题、24题各8分，25题10分，共32分）

22．已知一个多项式与的和是．

（1）求这个多项式？

（2）若代数式的值是5，求这个多项式的值？

23．有一批试剂，每瓶标准剂量为250毫升，现抽取8瓶样品进行检测，结果如下（单位：毫升）：256，248，253，260，244，255，235，242．

（1） 根据标准剂量，用正、负数记数填表；

（2）这8瓶样品试剂的总剂量是多少？

（3）若增加或者减少每瓶试剂剂量的人工费10元/毫升，问8瓶样品试剂再加工制作成标准剂量需要多少人工费？

24．如图，用三种大小不同的六个正方形和一个缺角的长方形拼成大长方形ABCD，其中 GH = 1， HM = 3，设BF= a.

（1）用含a的代数式表示CN=      cm，DN=       cm.

（2）用含a的代数式表示大长方形ABCD的周长.

25．【阅读理解】 

一般地，数轴上表示数m和数n的两点A、B之间的距离等于m、n两数差的绝对值，即AB=．例如，数轴上表示3和－1的两点A、B之间的距离是AB=；表示－3和2两点C、D之间的距离是CD=．

【知识运用】

（1）若数轴上表示数a的点位于－4与2之间，求+的值；

（2）数轴上一点表示数a，若+=8，求a的值；

（3）如图， A、B为数轴上两点，点 A所表示的数为－20，点 B所表示的数为 40．现有一只电子蚂蚁 P从点 B出发，以 5个单位每秒的速度向左运动，设P 运动时间为t秒，当  t为何值时， P、A、 B三点中恰有某两点距离是另两点距离的两倍？

2021学年第一学期期中质量调研七年级数学试卷参考答案

一、   选择题（本大题共8小题，每小题2分，共16分）

1．C  2．C  3．A  4．D  5．D  6．C  7．B  8．C

二、   填空题（本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分）

9．-2km     10．-3  3     11．-1  3      12．>  >     13．2.58×105  

14．（）    15．-11     16．-4或2     17．-1    18．-1008

三、计算题（每小题4分，共16分）

19．（1）=-10-4+8-3                ························ ························ ···············1分 

=-17+8                    ························ ························ ··············3分

=-9                       · ························ ············ ························ 4分 

（2）=2-2×2×2                ························ ························ ··············1分

=2-8                      ························ ························ ··············3分

        =-6                       ························ ························ ··············4分

   （3）=(1-5/6+1/4)×(-48)         ························ ························ ···············1分

=-48+5/6×48-1/4×48       ························ ························ ··············2分

=-48+40-12                ························ ························ ······· ·······3分

=-20                      ························ ························ ······ ········4分

（4）=-9×5-4÷4                 ························ ························ ······ ·······2分

=-45-1                     ························ ························ ······ ·······3分

=-46                       ························ ························ ···· ········4分

四、计算化简（第20题每小题5分，第21题6分共16分）

20．（1）=(-1+2-5)a                   ························ ························ ···········3分  

=-4a                        ························ ························ ··· ········5分

   （2）=2x+2y-3x+3y                ························ ························ ···· ······3分

        =-x+5y                      ························ ························ ···········5分

21．      =3x2-7xy-2x2+6xy             ························ ························ ········2分

=x2-xy                       ························ ························ ··········4分

   x2-xy = (-2)2-(-2)×1/2               ························ ························ ··········5分

        =4+1                                                 =5                           ························ ·································6分

五、解答题（第22题6分，第23、24题各8分，第25题10分）

22．（1）3b-2-(-2a-3b+1)               ························ ························ ···· ······1分

=3b-2+2a+3b-1                ························ ························ ··········2分

=2a+6b-3                     ························ ························ ··········3分 

（2）=2(a+3b)-3                   ························ ························ ·········4分

=2×5-3                       ························ ························ ········5分

        =7                            ························ ································6分

23．（1）+6  -2  +3  +10  -6  +5  -15  -8        ························ ···················2分

（2）=250×8+(+6-2+3+10-6+5-15-8) 

=2000-7

=1993(毫升)                    ························ ································4分

答：                               ························ ·······························5分

（3）|+6|+|-2|+|+3|+|+10|+|-6|+|+5|+|-15|+|-8|

=6+2+3+10+6+5+15+8

=55(毫升)                      ························ ································6分

50×10=550（元）              ························ ························ ········7分

答：                              ························ ·································8分

24．（1）（a+1）   3a                       ························ ·······························2分     

（2）DC=CN+DN=a+1+3a=4a+1        ························ ·······························3分

BC=a×2+(a+1)×3=2a+3a+3=5a+3    ························ ······························4分

C长ABCD=(4a+1+5a+3)*2           ························ ··································6分

=18a+8                       ························ ··································8分

25．（1） |a+4|+|a-2|=6                 ························ ····················· ·············2分

   （2）(8-6) ÷2=1                   

        a=-4-1=-5                     ························ ··································3分

a=2+1=3                       ························ ································4分

（3）4  6  8  18  24  36          ························ ·································10分