（新人教版）浙江专用2022版高三一轮复习选修7Unit2Robots学案（教师版）

（新人教版）浙江专用2022版高三一轮复习选修7Unit2Robots学案

重点单词·巧记

Ⅰ. 核心单词

1. awful　　 　adj.  可怕的; 极坏的; 极讨厌的

2. desire   n.  渴望; 欲望; 渴求

     vt. 希望得到; 想要

3. favour   n. 喜爱; 恩惠 vt. 喜爱; 偏袒

4. sympathy  n.  同情(心)

5. accompany  vt. 陪伴; 伴奏

6. declare   vt.  宣称; 宣布; 声明; 表明

7. envy   vt. 忌妒; 羡慕

8. bonus   n. 红利; 额外津贴; 奖金

9. elegant   adj.  优雅的; 高雅的; 讲究的

10. clerk   n. 售货员; 职员; 旅馆接待员

11.  affair  n. 事务; 事情; 暧昧关系 

12. digital   adj.  数字的; 数码的; 手指的; 脚趾的

13. aside   adv. 在一边; 向一边

14. grand   adj. 大的; 豪华的; 雄伟的

15. junior   adj. 较年幼的; 资历较浅的; 地位较低的

n. 年少者; 晚辈; 等级较低者

16. chapter  n. (书中的) 章; 篇; 回

17.  thinking   n. 思考; 思想 

18. fiction   n. 小说; 虚构或想象出来的事

Ⅱ. 拓展单词

1. assess vt. 评估; 评定→assessment n. 评价; 评定

2. affect vt.  影响; 感动; 侵袭→affection n. 喜爱; 爱; 感情

3. talent n. 天才; 特殊能力; 才干→talented adj. 有天赋的

4. alarm vt. 使警觉; 使惊恐; 惊动→alarmed adj. 担心的; 害怕的

5. satisfy vt. 满足; 使满意→satisfied adj.  满足的; 满意的→satisfying adj. 令人满意的→satisfaction n.  满足; 满意; 令人满意的事物

核心短语·闪记

1. test out　　　　　 考验出; 检验完 

2. ring up     给……打电话 

3. turn around   转身; 翻转 

4. leave. . . alone   不管; 别惹; 让……一个人待着; 和……单独在一起

5. or rather    更确切地说 

6. a pile of     一堆 

7. prevent. . . from doing  阻止……做某事 

8. fall in love with. . .   爱上…… 

9. in favour of     支持; 赞成 

10. be bound to    一定做…… 

经典句式·速记

1. 【句型公式】: it作形式主语

It was disturbing and frightening that(这是令人心烦和恐惧的) he looked so human.  

2. 【句型公式】: 当there, here, up, down, in, out, now, then等表示方位或时间的副词位于句首时, 句子要完全倒装。

As she turned around, there stood(那里站着) Gladys Claffern.  

3. 【句型公式】: what引导的感叹句:  What+a(n)+adj. +n. +主语+谓语!

What a sweet victory(多么甜蜜的胜利) to be envied by those women!  

4. 【句型公式】: can’t have sb. /sth. doing不能容忍/不允许某人/某物做某事

But even though Tony had been so clever, he would have to be rebuilt—you cannot have women falling in love with machines(不能容忍女士爱上机器).  

1. -ment名词后缀

①movement　　　　运动; 动作

②achievement  成就; 成绩; 完成

③development  发展; 进化

④amusement   娱乐; 游戏

⑤argument   争论; 论据

2. 打电话相关短语

①ring/call up   给某人打电话

②give sb. a call  给某人打电话

③call/ring back  回电话

④hold on    等一下; 别挂断

⑤get through   接通电话

⑥ring off/ hang up 挂断

Ⅰ. 细品味经典文章

　　In China,  cash gifts are traditionally given in real red envelopes during weddings and the Chinese New Year.  The WeChat red envelope was launched during the Chinese New Year with a stipulation that the amount should be less than 200 yuan.  Figures from Tencent Holdings Ltd.  show that during that festival period,  about 8 million users snapped up 40 million red envelopes.

　　For example,  if a person in a WeChat group of 10 sends 100 yuan as a gift and says anyone can have a maximum of 20 yuan,  the first five to “grab” get the money while the other four miss out.

　　Red envelopes add a sense of atmosphere and strengthen interaction.  The amount everybody gets could be different,  so it is funny to see the comparisons.

　　The WeChat red envelope is an innovative way for people to send greetings.  It also gets people into the habit of using WeChat payment,  because you need to link it to your bank account.

　　For Internet companies,  functions such as WeChat payment are an important part of the whole Internet ecosystem,  as many other functions such as hailing taxis or shopping are based on online payment.

Ⅱ. 按要求完成任务

1. 写出文章中表示“支付”的单词和短语。

cash,  red envelopes,  bank account,  payment 

2. 写出文章中的优美句式。

In China,  cash gifts are traditionally given in real red envelopes during weddings and the Chinese New Year.  

Ⅰ. 重点词汇

1. desire n. 渴望; 欲望; 渴求vt. 希望得到; 想要

【教材原句】

Do you think it is possible for a robot to have its own needs and desires?  (P10)

你认为机器人可能有它自己的需求和欲望吗?

【词块必记】

(1)have a strong desire

(2)desire to do sth. 　　　　　 渴望做某事

desire sb. to do sth.     想要某人做某事

desire that. . . (should)do sth.  渴望……

【语境速测】 一句多译

他希望赢得这场比赛。

①He desired to win the game. (desire v. ) 

②He had a desire to win the game. (desire n. ) 

③He desired that he(should)win the game. (desire that. . . ) 

【写作金句】

Reading satisfies my desire to keep learning.

阅读满足了我持续学习的愿望。

2. sympathy n. 同情(心)

【教材原句】

Claire thought it was ridiculous to be offered sympathy by a robot. (P11)

克莱尔觉得, 机器人会向她表示同情, 这有点荒唐可笑。

【词块必记】

express/feel/have sympathy for sb. 　　同情某人

win sympathy of. . .       博得……的同情

in sympathy with       支持; 赞同

out of sympathy       出于同情

【语境速测】 介、副词填空

①I have great sympathy for people in trouble.

②I’m sure she will be in sympathy with your proposal.

③He gave the poor child much help out of sympathy.

【写作金句】

If there were less sympathy in the world,  there would be less trouble in the world.

如果世界上少一些同情, 世界上也就少一些麻烦。

3. favour n. 喜爱; 恩惠vt.  喜爱; 偏袒

【教材原句】

As a favour Tony promised to help Claire make herself smarter and her home more elegant. (P11)作为好意, 托尼答应帮助克莱尔, 使她变得更聪明, 而且使她的家变得更高雅。

【词块必记】

(1)ask sb. a favour=ask a favour of sb.  请某人帮忙

do sb. a favour=do a favour for sb.   帮某人一个忙

owe sb. a favour       欠某人一个人情

(2)in favour of        赞成; 支持; 优先选择

【语境速测】 完成句子

①I’ve come to ask you to do me a favour.  

我来是想请你帮我个忙。

②I’ll raise both hands in favour of damming the river.  

我举双手赞成拦河筑坝。

翻译句子

③Hot climate and plentiful rainfall favour the growth of plants.

译: 炎热的气候和充足的雨水有助于植物生长。

4. accompany vt.  (accompanied—accompanying—accompanies) 陪伴; 陪同; 伴奏

【教材原句】

As he was not allowed to accompany her to the shops,  he wrote out a list of items for her. (P11)因为他不被允许陪她去商店, 所以他就为她写了一份购物清单。

【词块必记】

(1)accompany sb. =keep sb. company 陪伴某人

accompany sb. to someplace    陪伴/陪同某人到某地

(2)accompany sb. at/on sth.     用……为某人伴奏

be accompanied by      由……伴奏/伴随

【语境速测】 一句多译

如果你来北京旅游, 我很乐意陪同。

①If you travel around Beijing,  I am more than glad to accompany you.

②If you travel around Beijing,  I am more than glad to keep you company.  

句式升级(状语从句的省略)

③The school rules state that no child shall be allowed out of school if he isn’t accompanied by an adult.

→The school rules state that no child shall be allowed out of school,  unless accompanied by an adult.  

5. declare vt.  宣布; 宣告; 声明; 断言; 宣称

【典型例句】

The government has declared a state of emergency.

政府已宣布进入紧急状态。

【词块必记】

declare sb. /sth. (to be)　　　宣布某人或某事为……

declare for/against    声明支持/反对

declare war(on/against)  (向……)宣战

declare that. . .     宣告; 宣称……

【语境速测】 完成句子

①They declared him to be the winner.  

他们宣布他是胜利者。

②In 1939,  Hitler declared war on Poland,  which started the Second World War.  

1939年, 希特勒与波兰宣战, 引发了第二次世界大战。

③Many successful men declare that they owe their success to their good habits.  

很多成功人士宣称, 他们的成功归功于他们的好习惯。

Ⅱ. 核心短语

6. ring up给……打电话

【教材原句】

When the clerk at the counter was rude to her, she rang Tony up and told the clerk to speak to him. (P11)

当柜台的售货员粗鲁地对待她时, 她就给托尼打电话, 让售货员同他讲话。

【词块必记】

   打电话给某人

(2)call/ring back　　　　　　　  回电话

hold on        别挂断

ring off/hang up      挂断电话

【语境速测】 单句语法填空

①I’ll ring the manager up tomorrow.

②He rang off without giving his name.

③I told him you weren’t in, so he’d ring back later.

④Can you hold on? I will see if he is here.

一句多译

⑤他昨晚给我打电话请我帮忙。

He telephoned me last night to ask a favour of me.  

He rang me up last night to ask a favour of me.  

He gave me a call last night to ask a favour of me.  

7. leave. . . alone不管; 别惹; 让……一个人待着; 和……单独在一起

【教材原句】

She shouted “Leave me alone” and ran to her bed. (P12)

她喊道“让我独自待一会儿”, 然后向床跑去。

【词块必记】

leave behind　　 遗留; 把……抛在后面; 超过

leave aside   搁置一边

leave for. . .   动身到……

leave out   省略; 遗漏

【语境速测】 完成句子

①He’s in a bad mood right now. We’d better leave him alone(不要打扰他).  

②In class,  a child with poor eyesight can soon get left behind(落在别人的后面).  

③No wonder you couldn’t get through. You’ve left out (漏掉)a zero in this phone number.  

8. set aside将……放在一边; 为……节省或保留(钱或时间)

【典型例句】

He set aside one night to finish a paper.

他留出一天晚上把论文写完。

【词块必记】

set about doing sth. 　着手做某事

set out to do sth.   出发; 开始做某事

 set down    写下; 记下

 set off    动身; 出发; 引爆

set up     建立; 安排

【熟词生义】

The Appeal Court set aside the prisoner’s sentence.

上诉法院撤销了对刑事被告的判决。(撤销, 取消)

【误区释疑】

【语境速测】 单句语法填空

①We set out to find(find)the truth behind the mystery.  

②After supper Mary set about clearing(clear)the table.

③She listened attentively and set down every word he said.

④A great many boys were setting off fireworks in the street during the Spring Festival.

⑤For all three years I have been working for others,  so I’m hoping I’ll set up my own business someday.

⑥Set aside some time each day to practice speaking English,  even if it is only five minutes.

【备选要点】

1. alarm vt. 使警觉; 使惊恐; 惊动 n.  警报; 惊恐

【典型例句】

Set your alarm clock an hour early and push yourself to work out!  You will feel energized all day long. 提前一小时定好闹钟, 强迫自己去锻炼! 一整天你会感觉充满活力。

【词块必记】

(1)sound /give/raise the alarm　　　发出警报

(2)be alarmed at/by. . .     被……吓了一跳

in alarm        惊恐地

【语境速测】 单句语法填空

①We were much alarmed (alarm)by a fire in the neighborhood.

②“What have you done? ” Ellie cried in alarm.

完成句子

③His family raised the alarm when he had not come home by 9 pm.  

等到晚上9点他还未回家, 他的家人便报警了。

2. talent n. 天才; 才干; 特殊能力

【典型例句】

She showed considerable talent for getting what she wanted. 她很有天资, 能够心想事成。

【词块必记】

(1)have a talent for　　　 有……的天分

(2)talented= gifted adj.   有天赋的

be talented at/in    在……方面有天赋

【语境速测】 单句语法填空

①He has a talent for drawing and wins a prize in a newspaper competition.

②We’ll never know if we are interested or talented (talent) in a subject if we don’t try it.

完成句子

③She is proud that both her children have a talent for music. 她为自己的两个孩子都有音乐天赋而自豪。 

3. As she turned around, there stood Gladys Claffern. 她刚一转过身去, 就看见格拉迪丝·克拉芬站在那里。 

【句型公式】

当副词there, here, out, in, up, down, away, back, now, then等放在句首, 谓语动词是go, come, run, lie, stand等, 且主语是名词时, 用完全倒装。其中, 谓语动词多用一般现在时或者一般过去时, 而不能用进行时态。

【误区释疑】

当主语是人称代词时, 不用倒装语序。

如: In he came and the lesson began.

【语境速测】 完成句子

①The moment the bell rang,  out rushed the children.  

铃一响, 孩子们就冲了出来。

②Near our school there stands a high building.  

我们学校附近有一座高大的建筑。

【文化金句】

There stands an old temple which dates back to the Ming Dynasty. 那里矗立着一座明代的古寺。

Ⅰ. 单句语法填空

1. (2020·天津高考)We just follow the crowd. And the crowd desires(desire) only the calm and restful average.

2. (2020·天津高考)I’ve heard that you are a talented(talent) young woman,  and I have found you charming and intelligent as well.

3. (2019·江苏高考) Favorable(favor) policies are in effect to encourage employees’ professional development.

4. (2018·全国卷Ⅲ)Teresa posted a photo of the chance meeting on a social networking website accompanied (accompany) by the touching words:  “What a blessing this young man was to our family!

5. (2019·全国卷Ⅱ) Picking up her“Lifetime Achievement”award,  proud Irene declared(declare) she had no plans to retire from her 36-year-old business.

Ⅱ. 完成句子

1. She had words with her husband about what to do with the remaining money,  and eventually her husband slammed the door and left angrily, leaving her alone.  

她跟丈夫关于如何处置剩下的钱发生了争执, 最后丈夫摔门愤然离去, 留下她一个人。

2. With nobody accompanying her during the festival,  the old lady felt lonely.  She desires her children to visit her from time to time.  

没人陪她过节, 这位老太太感到非常孤独。她希望她的孩子们能时常来看望她。

3. With the approach of the listening test,  I won’t have any of you getting distracted when practising.  

随着听力考试的临近, 我不能容忍你们练习时分心。

4. If three men are walking together,  one of them is bound to be good enough to be my teacher.  

三人行, 必有我师焉。

5. I always have a great affection for sparrows due to the early experiences in my childhood when my mother used to feed them in the courtyard.  

由于我童年时妈妈常常在庭院里喂麻雀的这种早期经历, 我一直对麻雀有很深的感情。

Ⅲ. 语法填空(黑体词为本单元重点词汇)

　　Lisa is an 8-year-old girl who has 1. a talent for music. She desires 2. to be (be) a great musician and her parents are both 3. in favour of her life choice. Lisa takes her dream 4. seriously (serious) and every day she sets 5. aside 2 hours to practice. Her parents are 6. satisfied (satisfy) with her efforts. Last year,  she 7. was accompanied (accompany)by her parents to New York to take part in a 8. competition (compete). When the host 9. declared (declare) Lisa won the first prize,  the audience found there stood a little girl on the stage. What a 10. surprising (surprise) result it is!