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2020-2021学年北京市朝阳区高三（上）期中英语试卷人教版
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这是一份2020-2021学年北京市朝阳区高三（上）期中英语试卷人教版，共9页。试卷主要包含了 希望提供更有效的学习方法；， 询问对方的意向等内容，欢迎下载使用。
1.
One Mther t Anther
On Wednesday evening, ur daughter, wh was at a barding schl ver 200 kilmeters away, tld us that she had lst her phne when she tk part in an activity ff campus. We realized that we had little chance f finding it.
The next mrning, my phne beeped（哔哔响）ludly. A kind vice annunced that she had smething that belnged t my daughter（1）_______that I lived a three﹣hur drive away, and tld her I wuld ask a friend t fetch the phne. My daughter had written my number n the inside f her phne's case ﹣ gd thinking!
After cntacting the peple I knw wh lived near the schl, I was ut f （2）_______n ne culd g and （3）_______the phne, nt surprisingly as it was the wrking day and everyne was busy. I decided t ask the lady t pst the phne t my daughter. But when I sent her a text t ask if this wuld be OK, she replied, "We will （4）_______it and we're ging t drive dwn t the barding schl tnight." T my （5）_______this wnderful cuple, wh had already spent a busy day at wrk, was making a rund trip n the night, （6）_______fr returning a phne t a cmplete stranger. Hw tuching it was!
I gave them directins and they （7）_______the phne int the hands f my daughter at her barding huse. The nly wrd f an explanatin was, "I've gt children f my wn, and I knw hw a mther （8）_______."
We had thught that the chance f getting back the phne was（9）_______but we gt it back in such a shrt time. It was a wnderful reminder f the gd in the wrld and hw the actins f ne persn can （10）_______the wrld t anther.
（1）
A.suggestedB.. reprtedC.. explainedD.. argued
（2）
A.dateB.. luckC.. wrkD.. cntrl
（3）
A.pick upB.. carry utC.. hand inD.. give away
（4）
A.findB.. shwC.. missD.. take
（5）
A.regretB.. surprise
C.. amusementD.. disappintment
（6）
A.especiallyB.. certainlyC.. definitelyD.. prbably
（7）
A.cnductedB.. arrangedC.. deliveredD.. identified
（8）
A.dubtsB.. interestsC.. predictsD.. wrries
（9）
A.freeB.. slimC.. hardD.. fair
（10）
A.tellB.. faceC.. meanD.. jin
第二节 语法填空（共1小题；每小题1.5分， 共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A
I lve my campus very much. It has a lt f buildings traditinal in Chinese style but mdern in equipment. Having classes in them always （1）________（make） me feel excited with the busy wrld and relaxed abut the lng histry f ur natin. Out f the huses are beautiful gardens（2）________（surrund） by trees. In the mrning， we read alud by the lake r behind the hill. The air is s fresh and sweet that very ften I think hw （3）________（luck） I am t study in such a beautiful campus.
B
Whales use sund t get infrmatin arund them. By cnstantly （4）________（send） ut sunds that hit underwater bjects and cme back， whales receive infrmatin. This way f using sund is called snar. Recently， scientists have fund that whales（5）________（harm） by the pwerful snar cming frm ships. This prblem is being studied， and peple's level f awareness f the prblem is （6）________（high） than ever befre. Nw ships arund the wrld are trying t be mre careful when using snar.
C
Rules help us live tgether in a cmmunity. At my lcal park， there is a sign that reads，"Keep ff the grass." Because ur cmmunity has a need fr a nice green space（7）________（relax）， we are expected t keep ur park clean and in gd cnditin fr everyne's enjyment. If ne persn breaks the rules， mre peple（8）________（fllw） him and d what they want. In a cmmunity， rules are in place t prtect everyne. What we d and （9）________we act affect everyne， nt just urselves. We need rules in rder t live （10）________（safe）.
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分）第一节（共4小题；每小题6分，共30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Arbeia Rman Frt （城堡） and Museum
Lcatin and Histry
Arbeia Rman Frt is situated n Hadrian's Wall. It was the mst imprtant structure built by the Rmans in Britain, and nw it has been a Wrld Heritage（遗产） Site. Built arund AD 160, Arbeia Rman Frt was the military supply base fr the sldiers wh were statined alng Hadrian's Wall. The frt has been gradually uncvered and sme riginal parts have been revealed. There are recnstructins that shw hw Arbeia Rman Frt wuld have lked.
The Recnstructins
The recnstructins f the Cmmanding Officer's huse and sldiers' quarters are strikingly different. The accmmdatin fr sldiers is dark and uncmfrtable, while the Cmmanding Officer's huse is spacius and luxurius, with curtyards with funtains fr him and his family t enjy.
The Museum
Visit the museum and see many bjects that were fund at Arbeia. They are histrically imprtant and shw what daily life was really like at that time. Yu will see weapns, tls, jewellery, and s n. Yu can als discver hw the Rmans buried their dead and see tmbstnes（墓碑） which survive t this day. There is a "hands﹣n" area allwing visitrs t dig n a certain site and study their findings with the help f museum staff. Yu can piece tgether pttery（陶器）, r try writing just as the Rmans wuld have dne. Fr children, they can build this ancient Rman frt with building blcks by themselves.
Opening Times and Getting There
April 1﹣Octber 31:
Mnday t Saturday 10: 00am﹣5: 00pm, Sunday 2: 00pm﹣5: 00pm.
Nvember 1﹣March 31:
Mnday t Saturday 11: 00am﹣4: 00pm, clsed Sunday. （Clsed December 25﹣26 and January 1）
Entry is free.
Arbeia is nly a ten﹣minute walk frm the bus statin at Suth Shields. Free car park nearby.
Website:
（1）Accrding t the passage， Arbeia Rman Frt________.
A. was related t the military
B. gt recnstructins arund AD 160
C. was built in a small area in Rme
D. prvided a cmfrtable life fr sldiers．
（2）What can visitrs d in the museum？________
A. See histrical bjects.
B. Build tmbstnes fr the dead.
C. Write t ancient Rmans.
D. Try using ld tls and weapns.．
（3）What time des Arbeia Rman Frt clse？________
A. On April 1.
B. On Octber 31.
C. On Nvember 1.
D. On December 26.．
Learning t say "yes, and"
When I first heard abut the imprvisatin （即兴交流） class, I was hesitating. As a quiet and shy girl, I feared imprvising in frnt f strangers. Hwever, I knew I wanted t wrk as a science cmmunicatr after finishing my Ph.D., s it seemed like a perfect pprtunity t learn hw t speak and cmmunicate with thers effectively. I signed up, knwing the experience wuld give me help.
During ur first class, we learned an imprtant cncept f imprvisatin: "yes, and." It means that, as imprvisers, we'd better accept what fellw perfrmers say. If smene says that rhins（犀牛）are librarians, fr example, then rhins are librarians. We d nt questin the lgic; we say "yes" and then cntinue with the scene as if nthing is wrng.
The first few scenes were hard, but as weeks turned int mnths, I became mre cmfrtable and even started t enjy ur classes. I became better at listening, relating t my cnversatin partners, and cmmunicating clearly in the mment. Once when I was giving a presentatin abut my science, an audience member surprised me with a questin that didn't grw ut f the infrmatin I'd presented. Instead f getting cnfused and nervus, I tk the "yes, and" apprach﹣accepting the questin and letting my mind fcus n why it was asked. That helped me find an apprpriate answer. I gt pretty excited abut it.
The benefits f imprvisatin g beynd cmmunicatin. Befre attending the class, I wuld get stuck when my experiments prduced unexpected data, thinking that I had made a mistake. But nw, instead f getting discuraged, I will stay pen t the pssibility that the results are real, keep explring the data and end up identifying a new type f cell﹣ne that isn't behaving as expected.
I think all scientists can benefit frm this lessn. If the data say rhins are librarians, then it's wrth finding ut whether rhins are, in fact, librarians. As scientists, ur jb isn't t challenge data that supprt a precnceived （先入为主的）stry, but t say "yes, and."
（1）Why did the authr attend the imprvisatin class？________
A. T get a different experience.
B. T finish her Ph.
D. T imprve her speaking and cmmunicating ability.．
C. T give up her jb as a science cmmunicatr.
（2）What was the authr's change after attending the imprvisatin class？________
A. She frmed her wn idea quickly.
B. She came up with lts f creative respnses.
C. She paid mre attentin t the lgic f answers.
D. She became a gd listener befre giving an pinin.．
（3）The authr mentins applying the "yes， and" apprach t her scientific experiments t________.
A. explain the prcess f using the methd
B. prve the benefits f the imprvisatin class
C. share her wn research experiences with readers
D. attract fellw scientists t attend the imprvisatin class．
（4）What can be inferred abut scientists frm the last paragraph？________
A. They shuld attend the imprvisatin class.
B. They shuld questin all precnceived ideas.
C. They shuld carry n research by admitting earlier data.
D. They shuld try t imprve their prfessinal knwledge.．
Success and Risk in Extreme Sprts
What is it that drives sme t take extreme risks, while the rest f us hurry fr the safety f the sidelines?
Lester Keller, sprts﹣psychlgy expert, says that nt everyne has the mental makeup t d well in extreme sprts. He ntes that mst f us hit a natural ceiling that limits ur appetite fr extreme risk in tricky cnditins. But thers have a much higher tlerance fr risk. Keller pints t a tp ski racer. He tld Keller that "the high element f risk makes yu feel alive, tests what yu are made f and hw far yu can take yurself". He said he wuld get nervus n sme f the curses, but that this wuld just make him fight mre.
Psychlgists nte that sme peple seem t have a strng desire fr adrenaline（肾上腺素）rushes as a behavir seeking excited feelings. Like many extreme athletes, Emily Ck's appetite fr risk appeared at a yung age. "I was a gymnast, " she said. "I was ne f thse kids wh enjyed and did well at anything where yu were upside dwn." As she started ding harder tricks, she was drawn t the challenge. "There are mments when yu're up there ding a new trick and it seems like an impssible thing. But vercming that is just the clest feeling in the wrld."
Shane Murphy, sprts prfessr, has wrked with grups climbing Everest. "T me, that just seems like the height f risk, " he said. "But t them it was the next step in an activity that they've prepared fr years." Murphy said the view f extreme athletes is different frm ur wn. "We lk at a risky situatin and knw that if we were in that situatin we wuld be ut f cntrl. But frm the athletes' view, they have a lt f cntrl, and there are many things that they d t minimize risk."
Anther aspect f risk perceptin （认知） may be smething referred t as "the flw", a state in which many athletes becme absrbed in the acts that fcus the mind cmpletely n the present. "Smething that makes yu try ding a tugher climb than usual, perhaps, is that yur adrenaline flws and yu becme very cncentrated n what yu're ding, " Murphy says. "After it's ver, there's great excitement."
Peple f different skill levels experience the flw at different times. Sme may always be driven t adventures that thers cnsider extreme. "I can enjy hitting a tennis ball arund, because that's my skill level, " Murphy says. "But thers might need the challenge f Olympic cmpetitin."
（1）By using the term "natural ceiling" in Paragraph 2， Lester Keller pints ut that________.
A. extreme athletes must learn special skills
B. extreme athletes have chances t take risks
C. many peple dn't want t d extreme sprts
D. many peple can't limit desire fr extreme sprts．
（2）What des Shane Murphy think abut the muntain climbers he mentins？________
A. They put in lts f preparatin fr challenges.
B. They are mre frtunate than ther sprtspeple.
C. They carry little risk when facing big challenges.
D. They have special reasns that thers can't easily understand.．
（3）What main pint is made in Paragraph 5？________
A. Extreme athletes use techniques ther peple dn't use.
B. Nn﹣athletes are prbably wise nt t try extreme sprts.
C. Mst peple lack the fcus required t take bigger risks.
D. A certain state f mind makes attempting an activity mre likely.．
（4）We can learn frm the passage that________.
A. risk﹣taking is smething yu either naturally d r avid
B. thse wh take risks are mre likely t be successful in life
C. extreme athletes are driven by a need t be better than thers
D. taking part in extreme sprts is nt as difficult as peple think．
Rund and Rund They G
Space is becming mre crwded. Quite a few lw﹣Earth﹣rbit（LEO）satellites have been launched int the sky, which are designed t mve arund the Earth nly a few hundred kilmetres abve its surface. SpaceX and OneWeb plan t launch LEO satellites in their thusands, nt hundreds, t duble the ttal number f satellites in rbit（轨道） by 2027.
That prmises t change things n Earth. LEO satellites can bring Internet cnnectivity t places where it is still unavailable. This will als be a surce f new demand fr the space ecnmy. Mrgan Stanley, a bank, prjects that the space industry will grw frm ﹩350 billin in 2016 t mre than ﹩1.1 trillin by 2040. New Internet satellites will accunt fr half this increase.
Fr that t happen, hwever, three wrries must be vercme. Debris（碎片）is the mst familiar cncern. When enugh satellites were packed int lw﹣Earth rbits, any cllisin（碰撞） culd cause a chain reactin which wuld eventually destry all spaceships. One slutin is t grab the satellites with prblems and pull them dwn int the Earth's atmsphere. Anther is t mnitr space mre clsely fr debris. But technlgy is nly part f the answer. Rules are needed t deal with ld satellites safely frm lw﹣Earth rbits.
Cyber（网络的）﹣security is a secnd, lng﹣standing wrry. Hackers（黑客） culd take cntrl f a satellite and steal intellectual prperty, redirect data flws r cause a cllisin. The satellite industry has been slw t respnd t such cncerns. But as mre f the wrld's ppulatin cmes t rely n the space fr access t the Internet, the need fr actin will ________. Measures will surely be taken t prtect netwrk security.
The third issue fllws frm the first tw. If there is a simple mistake r a cyber﹣attack, it may cause a chain reactin which wipes ut hundreds f billins f dllars f investment. Wh is respnsible fr that? Nw the plans f firms wishing t perate large numbers f satellites are being studied. But there is a lng way t g befre the risks are well understd, let alne priced.
As space becmes mre cmmercialized, mind﹣bending prspects pen up: packages mved acrss the planet in minutes by rcket rather than by plane, equipment sent t ther small planets, passengers launched int rbit and beynd. All that and mre may cme, ne day. But such activities wuld raise the same questins as LEO satellites d. They must be answered befre the space ecnmy can truly develp.
（1）What can we learn abut LEO satellites frm the passage？________
A. They are suppsed t limit the space ecnmy.
B. They are expected t increase in large numbers.
C. They are designed t mve beynd the Earth as far as pssible.
D. They are mainly intended t bring Internet cnnectivity t remte areas.．
（2）T deal with debris in space， the authr suggests________.
A. depending entirely n the mdern technlgy
B. mnitring the mvement f spaceships carefully
C. strengthening rules t remve ld satellites safely
D. destrying all the satellites with prblems instantly．
（3）What des the underlined wrd "intensify" in Paragraph 4 prbably mean？________
A. Measure.B. Increase.C. Spread.D. Repeat.．
（4）What is the authr's attitude tward the launch f LEO satellites？________
A. It shuld be further cnfirmed fr its wnership.
B. It shuld be cntinued because f its advantages.
C. It shuld be dne carefully t avid ptential risks.
D. It shuld be stpped in face f the space ecnmy.．
第二节（共1小题；每小题10分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Our Amazing Hands
The hand is where the mind meets the wrld. We use ur hands t build fires t fly airplanes， and t write. The human brain， with its pen﹣ended creativity， may be the thing that makes the human race unique. But withut hands， all the ideas we think up wuld cme t nthing.
（1）_______Study it carefully， yu will find smething interesting. The thumb（拇指） alne is cntrlled by nine separate muscles. The wrist is a grup f bnes and muscles cnnected with nerves（神经）. The nerves send branches int each fingertip， which makes the fingers extremely flexible. （2）_______
Early hands seemed mre unusual and interesting than any hand tday. Sme animals had seven fingers. Others had eight. But by the time vertebrates（脊椎动物） appeared 340 millin years ag，the hand had develped t nly five fingers. （3）_______
Nevertheless，there are still many different types f hands in living animals. After years f research， scientists are beginning t understand the mlecular （分子的） changes in hands. （4）_______This makes the hands f different animals very similar. There is a netwrk f many genes（基因） that builds a hand，and all hands are built n that netwrk.
The discvery has given scientists a deeper understanding f the develpment f hands. A bird's wing and a lin's paw（爪） may appear t have nthing in cmmn.（5）_______It may just be a little mre f ne prtein（蛋白） here， a little less f anther there. In the past， scientists culd recgnize nly the utward signs that hands had develped frm a cmmn ancestr. Tday scientists are uncvering the inward signs as well.
A. Hands can ften be used fr a number f different purpses.
B. They als see that all hands start ut in much the same way.
C. It has kept that number fr reasns scientists dn't yet knw.
D. N ne wuld dubt that the five fingers are different with each ther.
E. But the difference between them may cme dwn t a tiny change in frm.
F. The reasn we can use ur hands fr s many things is their special structure.
G. S yu can see a skilled watchmaker use his hands t set springs in place under a micrscpe.
第三部分：书面表达（共两节，35分）第一节 （共1小题；第1-3题每小题15分，第4题6分，共15分）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容在答题卡相应题号后的横线上写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答。
Fd as Cmmunicatin
We usually understand when smene speaks r writes t us， and many gestures（手势）and facial expressins have meaning，t. But have yu ever cnsidered what and hw we eat as a frm f cmmunicatin？In many cultures，peple sit tgether and share fd at mealtimes， which is a cmmn traditin that can prmte unity and trust. Fd can als play an imprtant rle in a family r culture's celebratins. The fds we eat﹣and when and hw we eat them﹣are ften unique t a particular culture r may even differ between areas within ne cuntry.
In mst cultures， bread represents delicius fd. It is als ne f the mst cmmnly shared fds in the wrld. Sharing bread is a cmmn symbl f cmpaninship and tgetherness. In fact，the wrd cmpanin cmes frm the Latin rts cm﹣（tgether） and panis（bread）. Many cultures als celebrate birthdays and marriages with decrated cakes that are cut and shared amng the guests. Early frms f cake were simply a kind f bread， s this traditin has its rts in the custm f sharing bread.
There are fds like bread in ther cultures. In Greece， peple share a special cake called vasilpita. A cin is baked int the cake， which stands fr success in the New Year fr the persn wh receives it. Mst f the fds eaten during the Chinese New Year have significance. Smetimes this is based n their shape； fr example， lng ndles symblize lng life. The symblism can als be based n the sund f the wrd in Chinese；fr example，peple give ut ranges because the wrd fr "range" sunds like the wrd fr "wealth". In many cultures，rund fds such as grapes，bread，and mn cakes are eaten at welcme celebratins t symblize family unity.
Fd is essential fr life， s it is nt surprising that it is such an imprtant part f different cultures arund the wrld. The fd peple eat during celebratins may have a lng histry and can symblize many things， but sharing fd is ne custm that almst all humans have in cmmn.
（1）Why des the authr regard eating fd as a frm f cmmunicatin？________
（2）Hw d peple celebrate birthdays and marriages in many cultures？________
（3）What des the authr mainly talk abut in Paragraph 3？________
（4）Many f the fd traditins mentined in the passage are very ld. Why are they still imprtant tday？________
第二节（20分）
假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。近期你班同学普遍加强了英语听说训练，但是仍然存在一些困惑。请你给外教Jim写封邮件，邀请他下周为大家做一次专题讲座。邮件内容包括：
1. 介绍同学们的听说训练情况；
2. 希望提供更有效的学习方法；
3. 询问对方的意向。
注意：1. 词数不少于80；
2. 邮件的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim，
_____________
Yurs，
Li Hua
参考答案与试题解析
2020-2021学年北京市朝阳区高三（上）期中英语试卷
第一部分：知识运用（共两节，25分）第一节 完形填空（共1小题；每小题10分，共10分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
1.
【答案】
C
B
A
D
B
A
C
D
B
C
【考点】
故事类阅读
【解析】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了远在寄宿学校的女儿丢了手机，一对好心的陌生夫妇特地来回奔波给她送手机的事情。作者从此事中感受到，人的善行能够影响到别人。.
【解答】
（1）C.考查动词及语境理解。A. suggested建议； B. reprted报道； C. explained解释； D. argued争论。句意：我解释道我住在三小时的车程开外，并且告诉她我会让一个朋友去拿这个手机。根据语境可知，此处母亲"我"接到来自对方的电话，应该是与对方解释自己路程较远。故选C项。
（2）B.考查名词及语境理解。A. date日期，B. luck运气； C. wrk工作； D. cntrl控制。句意：在联系了住在学校附近的熟人后，我很不走运﹣﹣﹣没人能去接电话，这并不奇怪，因为那天是工作日，大家都很忙。根据下文"nt surprisingly as it was the wrking day and everyne was busy"推测，因为那天是工作日，大家都很忙，"我"并没有找到可以拿手机的人，应该是不走运的。ut f luck"不走运的"。故选B项。
（3）A.考查动词短语及语境理解。 A. pick up捡起，获得； B. carry ut执行； C. hand in.上交； D. give away捐赠。根据上文语境可知，此处"我"找不到可以拿手机的人，pick up the phne"拿手机"，符合题意。故选A项。
（4）D.考查动词及语境理解。A. find找到； B. shw展示； C. miss错过，想念；D. take带走。句意：但当我给她发短信问她这样行不行时，她回答："我们将会带上它，并且我们今天晚上将会开车去寄宿学校。" 根据下文"drive dwn t the barding schl"判断，陌生人应该是要带上手机去找"我"的女儿，将手机还给她。故选D项。
（5）B.考查名词及语境理解。A. regret 遗憾； B. surprise 惊讶； C. amusement娱乐； D.disappintment失望。句意：令我惊讶的是，这对善良的夫妇，已经忙了一天的工作，却要在晚上来回奔波，尤其是为了把手机还给一个完全陌生的人。根据本句句意推测，"我" 应该对于这对陌生夫妇的表现非常吃惊。故选B项。
（6）A.考查副词及语境理解。 A. especially尤其； B. certainly当然； C. definitely肯定。根据语境判断，" 我"认为陌生夫妇的行为是让人惊讶的，尤其是为了陌生人。故选A项。
（7）C.考查动词及语境理解。A. cnducted执行； B. arranged安排； C. delivered递送； D. identified识别。句意：我给了他们地址，他们将手机快递到了公寓里我女儿的手上。根据上文可知，此处陌生夫妇将手机送到了"我"的女儿的手上。故选C项。
（8）D.考查动词及语境理解。A. dubts怀疑； B. interests感兴趣； C. predicets预测； D. wrries担心。句意：我有我自己的孩子，我知道一个妈妈有多担心。根据"I've gt my children f my wn"可知，这位送手机的也是一位母亲，也能体会到作为一个母亲的担心。故选D项。
（9）B.考查形容词及语境理解。A. free空闲的； B. slim小的，少的； C. hard困难的； D. fair 公平的。句意：我们原以为拿回手机的机会很渺茫，但是我们在这么短的时间内就把它拿了回来。根据后半句句意推测，原来对于拿回手机这件事已经不抱希望了，即希望很小。故选B项。
（10）C.考查动词及语境理解。A. tell告诉； B. face面对； C. mean意味； D. jin加入。句意：它很好地提醒我们世界上有善，并且一个人的行为对另一个人意味着整个世界。根据语境判断，"我" 从陌生夫妇的行为中知道了人的善行对于另外一个人的影响是如此之大，mean the wrld t anther"对另外一个人意味着世界"，符合语境。故选C项。
第二节 语法填空（共1小题；每小题1.5分， 共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
【答案】
makes,surrunded,lucky,sending,are harmed/are being harmed,higher,t relax,will fllw,hw,safely
【考点】
说明文语法填空
【解析】
第一段为记叙文，作者描述了自己的美丽校园；第二段为说明文，鲸鱼利用声音来获取周围的信息，最近科学家发现鲸鱼受到来自船只的强大声纳的伤害；第三段是议论文，规则帮助我们在一个社区中共同生活，为了安全地生活，我们需要规则。
【解答】
（1）makes. 考查主谓一致。句意：在这里上课总是让我对繁忙的世界感到兴奋，对我们国家悠久的历史感到放松。本段整体时态为一般现在时，分析句子可知，本句主语为动名词短语，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式，故填makes.
（2）surrunded. 考查过去分词。句意：房子外面是树木环绕的美丽花园。此处作定语修饰名词gardens，根据空格后by可知，gardens与动词surrund之间为被动关系，应用过去分词形式，故填surrunded.
（3）lucky. 考查形容词。句意：空气如此清新甜美，我常常想，在这样一个美丽的校园里学习是多么幸运。hw修饰形容词或副词，此处应用形容词lucky作表语，故填lucky.
（4）sending. 考查动名词。句意：通过不断发出撞击水下物体的声音，鲸鱼接收信息。介词by表示"通过（某种方式或手段）"，后面接动词的ing形式作宾语，故填sending.
（5）are harmed/are being harmed. 考查动词的时态语态及主谓一致。句意：最近，科学家发现鲸鱼受到来自船只的强大声纳的伤害。主语whales是复数名词，与动词harm之间为被动关系，结合语境可知，此处表示客观事实，应用一般现在时的被动语态；也可以表示目前正在进行的动作或状态，用现在进行时的被动语态，故填are harmed/are being harmed.
（6）higher. 考查形容词的比较级。句意：人们对这个问题的认识程度比以往任何时候都要高。根据后面连词than可知，此处应用形容词的比较级，故填higher.
（7）t relax. 考查不定式。句意：因为我们的社区需要一块宜人的绿地来放松，所以希望我们能够保持我们的公园干净，环境良好，让每个人都能享受。此处在句子中作目的状语，应用动词不定式，故填t relax.
（8）will fllw. 考查动词时态。句意：如果一个人违反了规则，更多的人会跟着他这样做并做他们想做的事。本句为复合句，条件状语从句中用了一般现在时，遵循"主将从现"原则，主句中通常用一般将来时，故填will fllw.
（9）hw. 考查主语从句。句意：我们做什么和我们怎样做会影响到每个人，而不仅仅是我们自己。and连接两个并列的主语从句，此处修饰动词act，表示"怎样；如何"，应用连接副词hw，故填hw.
（10）safely. 考查副词。句意：为了安全地生活，我们需要规则。此处作状语修饰动词live，应用副词safely，故填safely.
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分）第一节（共4小题；每小题6分，共30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
【答案】
A
A
D
【考点】
应用文阅读
广告布告类阅读
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。介绍了旅游景点Arbeia Rman Frt and Museum的位置、历史、重建及开放时间等信息。
【解答】
（1）A. 细节理解题。由第一段第三句"…Arbeia Rman Frt was the military supply base fr the sldiers…Arbeia Rman 堡垒是士兵们的军事补给基地。"可知，Arbeia Rman Frt城堡以前是一个为士兵们提供物资的军事供应基地，说明它以前与军事有关联。故选A项。
（2）A. 细节理解题。由第三段前两句"Visit the museum and see many bjects that were fund at Arbeia. They are histrically imprtant and shw what daily life was really like at that time（参观博物馆，看看许多在阿贝亚发现的物体。它们在历史上是重要的，并展示了当时的日常生活是什么样子）"可知，博物馆里展出的物件都是些历史文物。故选A项。
（3）D. 细节理解题。关于参观时间介绍的最后一句"Clsed December 25﹣26 and January 112月25日至26日和1月1日关闭。"可得出12月26日是关门的。故选D项。
【答案】
D
D
B
C
【考点】
记叙文阅读
故事类阅读
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲叙了作者参加一门即兴交流课程，想要提高自己的沟通能力，详细描写了参加课程后自身所发生的一些变化，以及这门课程带给自己的积极影响。
【解答】
（1）D. 细节理解题。根据第一段中"As a quiet and shy girl， I feared imprvising in frnt f strangers. Hwever， I knew I wanted t wrk as a science cmmunicatr after finishing my Ph.D.， s it seemed like a perfect pprtunity t learn hw t speak and cmmunicate with thers effectively. I signed up， knwing the experience wuld give me help.作为一个安静害羞的女孩，我害怕在陌生人面前即兴发挥。然而，我知道我想在完成博士学位后，成为一名科学传播者，所以这似乎是一个学习如何有效地与他人交流和沟通的绝佳机会。我报了名，因为我知道这种经历会给我帮助。"由此可知，作者参加即兴交流课是为了提高她的开口说话的沟通能力。故选D.
（2）D. 细节理解题。根据第三段中"The first few scenes were hard，but as weeks turned int mnths，I became mre cmfrtable and even started t enjy ur classes. I became better at listening，relating t my cnversatin partners，and cmmunicating clearly in the mment.开始的几场戏很难，但是几周变成了几个月，我变得更加舒服，甚至开始享受我们的课程。我变得更善于倾听，更善于与我的谈话伙伴交流，更善于在那一刻清晰地沟通。"由此可知，作者参加了即兴交流课之后所发生的变化是她在发表意见之前，先成为了一个好的倾听者。故选D.
（3）B. 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段"The benefits f imprvisatin g beynd cmmunicatin. Befre attending the class，I wuld get stuck when my experiments prduced unexpected data，thinking that I had made a mistake. But nw，instead f getting discuraged，I will stay pen t the pssibility that the results are real， keep explring the data and end up identifying a new type f cell﹣ne that isn't behaving as expected.即兴表演的好处不仅仅是沟通。在上课之前，当我的实验产生了意想不到的数据时，我会陷入困境，认为我犯了个错误。但是现在，我不会灰心丧气，我会接受结果是真实的这种可能性，继续探索数据，最终发现一种新的细胞，它的行为不像预期的那样。"由此可推知，作者提到在她的科学实验中运用"yes，and"的方法，是为了证明即兴交流课的好处。故选B.
（4）C. 推理判断题。根据最后一段"I think all scientists can benefit frm this lessn. If the data say rhins are librarians，then it's wrth finding ut whether rhins are， in fact， librarians. As scientists，ur jb isn't t challenge data that supprt a precnceived （先入为主的）stry， but t say "yes， and."我想所有的科学家都能从中受益。如果数据显示犀牛是图书管理员，那么很有必要弄清犀牛是否真的是图书管理员。作为科学家，我们的工作不是质疑那些支持预设故事的数据，而是说"是的，而且。"由此可推知，科学家应该通过承认早期数据来进行研究。故选C.
【答案】
C
A
D
A
【考点】
完形综合
说明文阅读
阅读理解综合
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了极限运动的成功与风险。
【解答】
（1）C. 推理判断题。分析文章第二段第二句"He ntes that mst f us hit a natural ceiling that limits ur appetite fr extreme risk in tricky cnditins."（他指出，我们中的大多数人达到了一个自然的上限，这个（自然上限）限制了我们在复杂条件下对极端风险的欲望。）可知，这里含有一个定语从句，先行词为a natural ceiling，定语从句对a natural ceiling进行修饰，"限制了我们在复杂条件下对极端风险的欲望"说明许多人不想做极限运动。故选C项。
（2）A. 细节理解题。根据第四段开头提到的"grups climbing Everest"（攀登珠穆朗玛峰的团体）和第二句"T me， that just seems like the height f risk，" he said. "But t them it was the next step in an activity that they've prepared fr years."（"在我看来，这似乎是最大的风险，"他说。"但对他们来说，这是他们准备多年的一项活动的下一步。"）可知，登山者为挑战做了大量的准备。故选A项。
（3）D. 段落大意题。根据第五段第一句"Anther aspect f risk perceptin （认知） may be smething referred t as "the flw"， a state in which many athletes becme absrbed in the acts that fcus the mind cmpletely n the present."（ 风险认知的另一个方面可能是被称之为"心流"的东西 ，在这种状态下，许多运动员全神贯注于将精力完全集中在当下的行为。）以及后面的进一步解释可知，本段要点就是"the flw"这种特定的精神状态会使你更有可能去尝试一项活动。故选D项。
（4）A. 推理判断题。根据最后一段"Peple f different skill levels experience the flw at different times. Sme may always be driven t adventures that thers cnsider extreme."（不同技能水平的人在不同的时间体验这种流动。一些人可能总是被驱使去冒险，而另一些人则认为是极端的。）以及后文所举的事例可知，不同的技能水平的人有自己不同的选择，所以冒险是你可以选择做或选择避免的事情。故选A项。
【答案】
B
C
B
C
【考点】
说明文阅读
科教类阅读
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。太空越来越拥挤，文章主要内容为一家名为SpaceX and OneWeb的公司计划在2027前发射数千上万颗近地轨道卫星之事，及对太空卫星数量剧增而带来的三个安全方面的担忧。
【解答】
（1）B．细节理解题。由第一段最后一句"SpaceX and OneWeb plan t launch LEO satellites in their thusands， nt hundreds， t duble the ttal number f satellites in rbit （轨道） by 2027（SpaceX and OneWeb计划发射数千上万颗近地轨道卫星将使轨道上卫星总数量增加一倍。）"可知， LEO卫星预计将大量增加。故选B项。
（2）C．细节理解题。由第二段最后一句"Rules are needed t deal with ld satellites safely frm lw﹣Earth rbits"可知，为了安全处理老旧的近地轨道卫星，需要制定一些规则。故选C项。
（3）B．词义猜测题。由第四段中句子"But as mre f the wrld's ppulatin cmes t rely n the space fr access t the Internet， the need fr actin willintensify"可知，因为世界上越来越多的人依赖太空卫星提供上因特网的通路，人们对于网络安全的需求将intensify。可推断，依赖太空卫星的人数增多，因此对网络安全的需求就增强了。故划线词与increase意思相近。A. Measure.测量；B. Increase.增加；C. Spread.扩展；D. Repeat.重复。故选B项。
（4）C．推理判断题。由第三段最后一句"Rules are needed t deal with ld satellites safely frm lw﹣Earth rbits.（需要有规则来安全地处理来自低地球轨道的旧卫星 ）"、第四段最后一句"Measures will surely be taken t prtect netwrk security（一定要采取措施保护网络安全）"及文末最后一句"They must be answered befre the space ecnmy can truly develp（在空间经济真正发展之前，必须回答这些问题）"可知，关于发射大量的近地轨道卫星，作者认为应该小心慎行，避免潜在的危险发生。故选C项。
第二节（共1小题；每小题10分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
【答案】
F,G,C,B,E
【考点】
说明文七选五
【解析】
本文是说明文。文章通过了分析科学家的研究介绍了我们神奇的手。手是心灵与世界相遇的地方。我们用手生火，飞飞机，写字。没有手，我们所想到的所有想法都将一事无成。
【解答】
（1）F. 细节理解题。上文"We use ur hands t build fires， t fly airplanes， and t write."说明我们用手生火，开飞机，和写字，空格处承上启下，下文"The thumb （拇指） alne is cntrlled by nine separate muscles. The wrist is a grup f bnes and muscles cnnected with nerves （神经）. The nerves send branches int each fingertip， which makes the fingers extremely flexible.（单是拇指就由九个独立的肌肉控制。手腕是一组用神经相连的骨骼和肌肉。这些神经向每个指尖发送分支，这使得手指非常灵活）"说明手的结构，F项前半句的"we can use ur hands fr s many things"与上文一致，their special structure与下文一致，故选F.
（2）G.逻辑关系题。上文"The thumb （拇指） alne is cntrlled by nine separate muscles. The wrist is a grup f bnes and muscles cnnected with nerves （神经）. The nerves send branches int each fingertip， which makes the fingers extremely flexible.（单是拇指就由九个独立的肌肉控制。手腕是一组用神经相连的骨骼和肌肉。这些神经向每个指尖发送分支，这使得手指非常灵活）"说明手的灵活，与空格处是因果关系，因此你可以看到一个熟练的钟表匠用他的手在显微镜下放置弹簧。故选G.
（3）C.细节理解题。上文"Sme animals had seven fingers. Others had eight. But by the time vertebrates （脊椎动物） appeared 340 millin years ag， the hand had develped t nly five fingers.（有些动物有七个手指。其他的有八个。但到脊椎动物（6）4亿年前出现时，手只发展到五个手指）"说明手指的个数，C项中的"that number"与上文一致，说明手指保持这个数的理由科学家不知道。故选C.
（6）B.逻辑关系题。上文"After years f research， scientists are beginning t understand the mlecular （分子的） changes in hands.（经过多年的研究，科学家们开始了解手的分子变化）"说明了科学家的研究， B项中的als是关键词，与上文是递进关系，they指代scientists，说明"科学家也看到所有的手都以完全一样的方式开始"，符合题意，引出下文"这使得不同动物的手非常相似"，"much the same"与"similar"意思一致。故选B.
（6）E. 逻辑关系题。上文"A bird's wing and a lin's paw （爪） may appear t have nthing in cmmn."说明鸟的翅膀和狮子的爪子似乎没有共同之处，E项中"But"说明与下文的转折关系，have nthing in cmmn与the difference是转折关系，E项"但它们之间的差异可能归结为形式上的微小变化"符合题意。故选E.
第三部分：书面表达（共两节，35分）第一节 （共1小题；第1-3题每小题15分，第4题6分，共15分）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容在答题卡相应题号后的横线上写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答。
【答案】
When eating fd， peple sit tgether and share fd with each ther， which prmtes unity and trust.,In many cultures， peple cut and share decrated cakes fr birthday and marriage celebratins.,Peple have different fds t symblise gdwill in different cultures.,，rundfdssymblizefamilyunity；acakewithacinstandsfrsuccess.Peplebelievethatthesecustmswillbringgdluck，andtheypassthemdwnfrmnegeneratintanther，frmingtheiruniquecultures.Thatisthereasnwhymanyfthemarestillimprtanttday.
【考点】
阅读表达
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍食物可以作为一种文化进行交流。
【解答】
（1）When eating fd， peple sit tgether and share fd with each ther， which prmtes unity and trust.细节理解题。由第一段的句子" In many cultures， peple sit tgether and share fd at mealtimes， which is a cmmn traditin that can prmte unity and trust. "（在许多文化中，人们在进餐时坐在一起分享食物，这是一个可以促进团结和信任的共同传统）可知，很多文化中，分享食物可以促进团结和信任。所以填：When eating fd， peple sit tgether and share fd with each ther， which prmtes unity and trust.
（2）In many cultures， peple cut and share decrated cakes fr birthday and marriage celebratins.细节理解题。由第二段的句子"Many cultures als celebrate birthdays and marriages with decrated cakes that are cut and shared amng the guests. "（许多文化也用装饰好的蛋糕来庆祝生日和结婚，蛋糕会被切割并在客人之间分享）可知，人们通过"切蛋糕并一同分享"来庆祝生日和结婚，所以填：In many cultures， peple cut and share decrated cakes fr birthday and marriage celebratins.
（3）Peple have different fds t symblise gdwill in different cultures.推理判断题。由第三段第一句话"There are fds like bread in ther cultures. "（在其他文化中也有像面包这样的食物）可知，本段主要还是说明食物被赋予了文化性，本段中通过举例说明食物象征着"成功、财富和家庭团结等"美好愿望。所以填：Peple have different fds t symblise gdwill in different cultures.
（4）These fd traditins have a lng histry. They usually represent gd meanings. Fr example， rund fds symblize family unity； a cake with a cin stands fr success. Peple believe that these custms will bring gd luck， and they pass them dwn frm ne generatin t anther， frming their unique cultures. That is the reasn why many f them are still imprtant tday.推理判断题。由文章最后一句话" The fd peple eat during celebratins may have a lng histry and can symblize many things， but sharing fd is ne custm that almst all humans have in cmmn. "（人们在庆祝活动中吃的食物可能有着悠久的历史，象征着很多东西，但分享食物是几乎所有人类的共同习俗。）可知，虽然历史悠久，但有很多象征意义，人们相信这些习俗能够带来好运（可以举一个例子），所以代代相传。所以填：These fd traditins have a lng histry. They usually represent gd meanings. Fr example， rund fds symblize family unity； a cake with a cin stands fr success. Peple believe that these custms will bring gd luck， and they pass them dwn frm ne generatin t anther， frming their unique cultures. That is the reasn why many f them are still imprtant tday.
第二节（20分）
【答案】
Dear Jim，
Hw is everything ging？ As yu knw， we've strengthened English listening and speaking training since this term， but we still have sme cnfusin. Knwing yu are an expert in it， I'm writing t invite yu t make a special lecture fr us.【高分句型一】（ 写信目的）
Nw many f us have been studying with the help f nline curses. We listen t the tape and d a simple fllw﹣up every day， trying t imitate the prnunciatin and intnatin. Besides， we have increased the awareness f speaking English prperly accrding t different ccasins.（介绍同学们的听说训练情况）
But sme f us still find it hard t imprve English within a limited time and wnder if there are sme better learning methds. 【高分句型二】As an experienced teacher， yu must have many views. We really hpe yu can put frward sme effective learning methds fr us. （希望提供更有效的学习方法）Culd yu cme and give us sme guidance？ Please let us knw by this weekend if yu culd accept the invitatin.（询问对方的意向）
Lking frward t yur reply.（盼望）
Yurs，
Li Hua
【考点】
提纲类
【解析】
高分句型一：Knwing yu are an expert in it， I'm writing t invite yu t make a special lecture fr us.
译文：我知道你是这方面的专家，所以写信邀请你为我们做一个特别的讲座。
分析：这句话使用现在分词作状语。
高分句型二：But sme f us still find it hard t imprve English within a limited time and wnder if there are sme better learning methds.
译文：但是我们中的一些人仍然发现很难在有限的时间内提高英语水平，并且怀疑是否有更好的学习方法。
分析：这句话使用it作为形式宾语，不定式内容是真正的宾语，if引导宾语从句。
【解答】
Dear Jim，
Hw is everything ging？ As yu knw， we've strengthened English listening and speaking training since this term， but we still have sme cnfusin. Knwing yu are an expert in it， I'm writing t invite yu t make a special lecture fr us.【高分句型一】（ 写信目的）
Nw many f us have been studying with the help f nline curses. We listen t the tape and d a simple fllw﹣up every day， trying t imitate the prnunciatin and intnatin. Besides， we have increased the awareness f speaking English prperly accrding t different ccasins.（介绍同学们的听说训练情况）
But sme f us still find it hard t imprve English within a limited time and wnder if there are sme better learning methds. 【高分句型二】As an experienced teacher， yu must have many views. We really hpe yu can put frward sme effective learning methds fr us. （希望提供更有效的学习方法）Culd yu cme and give us sme guidance？ Please let us knw by this weekend if yu culd accept the invitatin.（询问对方的意向）
Lking frward t yur reply.（盼望）
Yurs，
Li Hua
1.
One Mther t Anther
On Wednesday evening, ur daughter, wh was at a barding schl ver 200 kilmeters away, tld us that she had lst her phne when she tk part in an activity ff campus. We realized that we had little chance f finding it.
The next mrning, my phne beeped（哔哔响）ludly. A kind vice annunced that she had smething that belnged t my daughter（1）_______that I lived a three﹣hur drive away, and tld her I wuld ask a friend t fetch the phne. My daughter had written my number n the inside f her phne's case ﹣ gd thinking!
After cntacting the peple I knw wh lived near the schl, I was ut f （2）_______n ne culd g and （3）_______the phne, nt surprisingly as it was the wrking day and everyne was busy. I decided t ask the lady t pst the phne t my daughter. But when I sent her a text t ask if this wuld be OK, she replied, "We will （4）_______it and we're ging t drive dwn t the barding schl tnight." T my （5）_______this wnderful cuple, wh had already spent a busy day at wrk, was making a rund trip n the night, （6）_______fr returning a phne t a cmplete stranger. Hw tuching it was!
I gave them directins and they （7）_______the phne int the hands f my daughter at her barding huse. The nly wrd f an explanatin was, "I've gt children f my wn, and I knw hw a mther （8）_______."
We had thught that the chance f getting back the phne was（9）_______but we gt it back in such a shrt time. It was a wnderful reminder f the gd in the wrld and hw the actins f ne persn can （10）_______the wrld t anther.
（1）
A.suggestedB.. reprtedC.. explainedD.. argued
（2）
A.dateB.. luckC.. wrkD.. cntrl
（3）
A.pick upB.. carry utC.. hand inD.. give away
（4）
A.findB.. shwC.. missD.. take
（5）
A.regretB.. surprise
C.. amusementD.. disappintment
（6）
A.especiallyB.. certainlyC.. definitelyD.. prbably
（7）
A.cnductedB.. arrangedC.. deliveredD.. identified
（8）
A.dubtsB.. interestsC.. predictsD.. wrries
（9）
A.freeB.. slimC.. hardD.. fair
（10）
A.tellB.. faceC.. meanD.. jin
第二节 语法填空（共1小题；每小题1.5分， 共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A
I lve my campus very much. It has a lt f buildings traditinal in Chinese style but mdern in equipment. Having classes in them always （1）________（make） me feel excited with the busy wrld and relaxed abut the lng histry f ur natin. Out f the huses are beautiful gardens（2）________（surrund） by trees. In the mrning， we read alud by the lake r behind the hill. The air is s fresh and sweet that very ften I think hw （3）________（luck） I am t study in such a beautiful campus.
B
Whales use sund t get infrmatin arund them. By cnstantly （4）________（send） ut sunds that hit underwater bjects and cme back， whales receive infrmatin. This way f using sund is called snar. Recently， scientists have fund that whales（5）________（harm） by the pwerful snar cming frm ships. This prblem is being studied， and peple's level f awareness f the prblem is （6）________（high） than ever befre. Nw ships arund the wrld are trying t be mre careful when using snar.
C
Rules help us live tgether in a cmmunity. At my lcal park， there is a sign that reads，"Keep ff the grass." Because ur cmmunity has a need fr a nice green space（7）________（relax）， we are expected t keep ur park clean and in gd cnditin fr everyne's enjyment. If ne persn breaks the rules， mre peple（8）________（fllw） him and d what they want. In a cmmunity， rules are in place t prtect everyne. What we d and （9）________we act affect everyne， nt just urselves. We need rules in rder t live （10）________（safe）.
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分）第一节（共4小题；每小题6分，共30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Arbeia Rman Frt （城堡） and Museum
Lcatin and Histry
Arbeia Rman Frt is situated n Hadrian's Wall. It was the mst imprtant structure built by the Rmans in Britain, and nw it has been a Wrld Heritage（遗产） Site. Built arund AD 160, Arbeia Rman Frt was the military supply base fr the sldiers wh were statined alng Hadrian's Wall. The frt has been gradually uncvered and sme riginal parts have been revealed. There are recnstructins that shw hw Arbeia Rman Frt wuld have lked.
The Recnstructins
The recnstructins f the Cmmanding Officer's huse and sldiers' quarters are strikingly different. The accmmdatin fr sldiers is dark and uncmfrtable, while the Cmmanding Officer's huse is spacius and luxurius, with curtyards with funtains fr him and his family t enjy.
The Museum
Visit the museum and see many bjects that were fund at Arbeia. They are histrically imprtant and shw what daily life was really like at that time. Yu will see weapns, tls, jewellery, and s n. Yu can als discver hw the Rmans buried their dead and see tmbstnes（墓碑） which survive t this day. There is a "hands﹣n" area allwing visitrs t dig n a certain site and study their findings with the help f museum staff. Yu can piece tgether pttery（陶器）, r try writing just as the Rmans wuld have dne. Fr children, they can build this ancient Rman frt with building blcks by themselves.
Opening Times and Getting There
April 1﹣Octber 31:
Mnday t Saturday 10: 00am﹣5: 00pm, Sunday 2: 00pm﹣5: 00pm.
Nvember 1﹣March 31:
Mnday t Saturday 11: 00am﹣4: 00pm, clsed Sunday. （Clsed December 25﹣26 and January 1）
Entry is free.
Arbeia is nly a ten﹣minute walk frm the bus statin at Suth Shields. Free car park nearby.
Website:
（1）Accrding t the passage， Arbeia Rman Frt________.
A. was related t the military
B. gt recnstructins arund AD 160
C. was built in a small area in Rme
D. prvided a cmfrtable life fr sldiers．
（2）What can visitrs d in the museum？________
A. See histrical bjects.
B. Build tmbstnes fr the dead.
C. Write t ancient Rmans.
D. Try using ld tls and weapns.．
（3）What time des Arbeia Rman Frt clse？________
A. On April 1.
B. On Octber 31.
C. On Nvember 1.
D. On December 26.．
Learning t say "yes, and"
When I first heard abut the imprvisatin （即兴交流） class, I was hesitating. As a quiet and shy girl, I feared imprvising in frnt f strangers. Hwever, I knew I wanted t wrk as a science cmmunicatr after finishing my Ph.D., s it seemed like a perfect pprtunity t learn hw t speak and cmmunicate with thers effectively. I signed up, knwing the experience wuld give me help.
During ur first class, we learned an imprtant cncept f imprvisatin: "yes, and." It means that, as imprvisers, we'd better accept what fellw perfrmers say. If smene says that rhins（犀牛）are librarians, fr example, then rhins are librarians. We d nt questin the lgic; we say "yes" and then cntinue with the scene as if nthing is wrng.
The first few scenes were hard, but as weeks turned int mnths, I became mre cmfrtable and even started t enjy ur classes. I became better at listening, relating t my cnversatin partners, and cmmunicating clearly in the mment. Once when I was giving a presentatin abut my science, an audience member surprised me with a questin that didn't grw ut f the infrmatin I'd presented. Instead f getting cnfused and nervus, I tk the "yes, and" apprach﹣accepting the questin and letting my mind fcus n why it was asked. That helped me find an apprpriate answer. I gt pretty excited abut it.
The benefits f imprvisatin g beynd cmmunicatin. Befre attending the class, I wuld get stuck when my experiments prduced unexpected data, thinking that I had made a mistake. But nw, instead f getting discuraged, I will stay pen t the pssibility that the results are real, keep explring the data and end up identifying a new type f cell﹣ne that isn't behaving as expected.
I think all scientists can benefit frm this lessn. If the data say rhins are librarians, then it's wrth finding ut whether rhins are, in fact, librarians. As scientists, ur jb isn't t challenge data that supprt a precnceived （先入为主的）stry, but t say "yes, and."
（1）Why did the authr attend the imprvisatin class？________
A. T get a different experience.
B. T finish her Ph.
D. T imprve her speaking and cmmunicating ability.．
C. T give up her jb as a science cmmunicatr.
（2）What was the authr's change after attending the imprvisatin class？________
A. She frmed her wn idea quickly.
B. She came up with lts f creative respnses.
C. She paid mre attentin t the lgic f answers.
D. She became a gd listener befre giving an pinin.．
（3）The authr mentins applying the "yes， and" apprach t her scientific experiments t________.
A. explain the prcess f using the methd
B. prve the benefits f the imprvisatin class
C. share her wn research experiences with readers
D. attract fellw scientists t attend the imprvisatin class．
（4）What can be inferred abut scientists frm the last paragraph？________
A. They shuld attend the imprvisatin class.
B. They shuld questin all precnceived ideas.
C. They shuld carry n research by admitting earlier data.
D. They shuld try t imprve their prfessinal knwledge.．
Success and Risk in Extreme Sprts
What is it that drives sme t take extreme risks, while the rest f us hurry fr the safety f the sidelines?
Lester Keller, sprts﹣psychlgy expert, says that nt everyne has the mental makeup t d well in extreme sprts. He ntes that mst f us hit a natural ceiling that limits ur appetite fr extreme risk in tricky cnditins. But thers have a much higher tlerance fr risk. Keller pints t a tp ski racer. He tld Keller that "the high element f risk makes yu feel alive, tests what yu are made f and hw far yu can take yurself". He said he wuld get nervus n sme f the curses, but that this wuld just make him fight mre.
Psychlgists nte that sme peple seem t have a strng desire fr adrenaline（肾上腺素）rushes as a behavir seeking excited feelings. Like many extreme athletes, Emily Ck's appetite fr risk appeared at a yung age. "I was a gymnast, " she said. "I was ne f thse kids wh enjyed and did well at anything where yu were upside dwn." As she started ding harder tricks, she was drawn t the challenge. "There are mments when yu're up there ding a new trick and it seems like an impssible thing. But vercming that is just the clest feeling in the wrld."
Shane Murphy, sprts prfessr, has wrked with grups climbing Everest. "T me, that just seems like the height f risk, " he said. "But t them it was the next step in an activity that they've prepared fr years." Murphy said the view f extreme athletes is different frm ur wn. "We lk at a risky situatin and knw that if we were in that situatin we wuld be ut f cntrl. But frm the athletes' view, they have a lt f cntrl, and there are many things that they d t minimize risk."
Anther aspect f risk perceptin （认知） may be smething referred t as "the flw", a state in which many athletes becme absrbed in the acts that fcus the mind cmpletely n the present. "Smething that makes yu try ding a tugher climb than usual, perhaps, is that yur adrenaline flws and yu becme very cncentrated n what yu're ding, " Murphy says. "After it's ver, there's great excitement."
Peple f different skill levels experience the flw at different times. Sme may always be driven t adventures that thers cnsider extreme. "I can enjy hitting a tennis ball arund, because that's my skill level, " Murphy says. "But thers might need the challenge f Olympic cmpetitin."
（1）By using the term "natural ceiling" in Paragraph 2， Lester Keller pints ut that________.
A. extreme athletes must learn special skills
B. extreme athletes have chances t take risks
C. many peple dn't want t d extreme sprts
D. many peple can't limit desire fr extreme sprts．
（2）What des Shane Murphy think abut the muntain climbers he mentins？________
A. They put in lts f preparatin fr challenges.
B. They are mre frtunate than ther sprtspeple.
C. They carry little risk when facing big challenges.
D. They have special reasns that thers can't easily understand.．
（3）What main pint is made in Paragraph 5？________
A. Extreme athletes use techniques ther peple dn't use.
B. Nn﹣athletes are prbably wise nt t try extreme sprts.
C. Mst peple lack the fcus required t take bigger risks.
D. A certain state f mind makes attempting an activity mre likely.．
（4）We can learn frm the passage that________.
A. risk﹣taking is smething yu either naturally d r avid
B. thse wh take risks are mre likely t be successful in life
C. extreme athletes are driven by a need t be better than thers
D. taking part in extreme sprts is nt as difficult as peple think．
Rund and Rund They G
Space is becming mre crwded. Quite a few lw﹣Earth﹣rbit（LEO）satellites have been launched int the sky, which are designed t mve arund the Earth nly a few hundred kilmetres abve its surface. SpaceX and OneWeb plan t launch LEO satellites in their thusands, nt hundreds, t duble the ttal number f satellites in rbit（轨道） by 2027.
That prmises t change things n Earth. LEO satellites can bring Internet cnnectivity t places where it is still unavailable. This will als be a surce f new demand fr the space ecnmy. Mrgan Stanley, a bank, prjects that the space industry will grw frm ﹩350 billin in 2016 t mre than ﹩1.1 trillin by 2040. New Internet satellites will accunt fr half this increase.
Fr that t happen, hwever, three wrries must be vercme. Debris（碎片）is the mst familiar cncern. When enugh satellites were packed int lw﹣Earth rbits, any cllisin（碰撞） culd cause a chain reactin which wuld eventually destry all spaceships. One slutin is t grab the satellites with prblems and pull them dwn int the Earth's atmsphere. Anther is t mnitr space mre clsely fr debris. But technlgy is nly part f the answer. Rules are needed t deal with ld satellites safely frm lw﹣Earth rbits.
Cyber（网络的）﹣security is a secnd, lng﹣standing wrry. Hackers（黑客） culd take cntrl f a satellite and steal intellectual prperty, redirect data flws r cause a cllisin. The satellite industry has been slw t respnd t such cncerns. But as mre f the wrld's ppulatin cmes t rely n the space fr access t the Internet, the need fr actin will ________. Measures will surely be taken t prtect netwrk security.
The third issue fllws frm the first tw. If there is a simple mistake r a cyber﹣attack, it may cause a chain reactin which wipes ut hundreds f billins f dllars f investment. Wh is respnsible fr that? Nw the plans f firms wishing t perate large numbers f satellites are being studied. But there is a lng way t g befre the risks are well understd, let alne priced.
As space becmes mre cmmercialized, mind﹣bending prspects pen up: packages mved acrss the planet in minutes by rcket rather than by plane, equipment sent t ther small planets, passengers launched int rbit and beynd. All that and mre may cme, ne day. But such activities wuld raise the same questins as LEO satellites d. They must be answered befre the space ecnmy can truly develp.
（1）What can we learn abut LEO satellites frm the passage？________
A. They are suppsed t limit the space ecnmy.
B. They are expected t increase in large numbers.
C. They are designed t mve beynd the Earth as far as pssible.
D. They are mainly intended t bring Internet cnnectivity t remte areas.．
（2）T deal with debris in space， the authr suggests________.
A. depending entirely n the mdern technlgy
B. mnitring the mvement f spaceships carefully
C. strengthening rules t remve ld satellites safely
D. destrying all the satellites with prblems instantly．
（3）What des the underlined wrd "intensify" in Paragraph 4 prbably mean？________
A. Measure.B. Increase.C. Spread.D. Repeat.．
（4）What is the authr's attitude tward the launch f LEO satellites？________
A. It shuld be further cnfirmed fr its wnership.
B. It shuld be cntinued because f its advantages.
C. It shuld be dne carefully t avid ptential risks.
D. It shuld be stpped in face f the space ecnmy.．
第二节（共1小题；每小题10分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Our Amazing Hands
The hand is where the mind meets the wrld. We use ur hands t build fires t fly airplanes， and t write. The human brain， with its pen﹣ended creativity， may be the thing that makes the human race unique. But withut hands， all the ideas we think up wuld cme t nthing.
（1）_______Study it carefully， yu will find smething interesting. The thumb（拇指） alne is cntrlled by nine separate muscles. The wrist is a grup f bnes and muscles cnnected with nerves（神经）. The nerves send branches int each fingertip， which makes the fingers extremely flexible. （2）_______
Early hands seemed mre unusual and interesting than any hand tday. Sme animals had seven fingers. Others had eight. But by the time vertebrates（脊椎动物） appeared 340 millin years ag，the hand had develped t nly five fingers. （3）_______
Nevertheless，there are still many different types f hands in living animals. After years f research， scientists are beginning t understand the mlecular （分子的） changes in hands. （4）_______This makes the hands f different animals very similar. There is a netwrk f many genes（基因） that builds a hand，and all hands are built n that netwrk.
The discvery has given scientists a deeper understanding f the develpment f hands. A bird's wing and a lin's paw（爪） may appear t have nthing in cmmn.（5）_______It may just be a little mre f ne prtein（蛋白） here， a little less f anther there. In the past， scientists culd recgnize nly the utward signs that hands had develped frm a cmmn ancestr. Tday scientists are uncvering the inward signs as well.
A. Hands can ften be used fr a number f different purpses.
B. They als see that all hands start ut in much the same way.
C. It has kept that number fr reasns scientists dn't yet knw.
D. N ne wuld dubt that the five fingers are different with each ther.
E. But the difference between them may cme dwn t a tiny change in frm.
F. The reasn we can use ur hands fr s many things is their special structure.
G. S yu can see a skilled watchmaker use his hands t set springs in place under a micrscpe.
第三部分：书面表达（共两节，35分）第一节 （共1小题；第1-3题每小题15分，第4题6分，共15分）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容在答题卡相应题号后的横线上写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答。
Fd as Cmmunicatin
We usually understand when smene speaks r writes t us， and many gestures（手势）and facial expressins have meaning，t. But have yu ever cnsidered what and hw we eat as a frm f cmmunicatin？In many cultures，peple sit tgether and share fd at mealtimes， which is a cmmn traditin that can prmte unity and trust. Fd can als play an imprtant rle in a family r culture's celebratins. The fds we eat﹣and when and hw we eat them﹣are ften unique t a particular culture r may even differ between areas within ne cuntry.
In mst cultures， bread represents delicius fd. It is als ne f the mst cmmnly shared fds in the wrld. Sharing bread is a cmmn symbl f cmpaninship and tgetherness. In fact，the wrd cmpanin cmes frm the Latin rts cm﹣（tgether） and panis（bread）. Many cultures als celebrate birthdays and marriages with decrated cakes that are cut and shared amng the guests. Early frms f cake were simply a kind f bread， s this traditin has its rts in the custm f sharing bread.
There are fds like bread in ther cultures. In Greece， peple share a special cake called vasilpita. A cin is baked int the cake， which stands fr success in the New Year fr the persn wh receives it. Mst f the fds eaten during the Chinese New Year have significance. Smetimes this is based n their shape； fr example， lng ndles symblize lng life. The symblism can als be based n the sund f the wrd in Chinese；fr example，peple give ut ranges because the wrd fr "range" sunds like the wrd fr "wealth". In many cultures，rund fds such as grapes，bread，and mn cakes are eaten at welcme celebratins t symblize family unity.
Fd is essential fr life， s it is nt surprising that it is such an imprtant part f different cultures arund the wrld. The fd peple eat during celebratins may have a lng histry and can symblize many things， but sharing fd is ne custm that almst all humans have in cmmn.
（1）Why des the authr regard eating fd as a frm f cmmunicatin？________
（2）Hw d peple celebrate birthdays and marriages in many cultures？________
（3）What des the authr mainly talk abut in Paragraph 3？________
（4）Many f the fd traditins mentined in the passage are very ld. Why are they still imprtant tday？________
第二节（20分）
假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。近期你班同学普遍加强了英语听说训练，但是仍然存在一些困惑。请你给外教Jim写封邮件，邀请他下周为大家做一次专题讲座。邮件内容包括：
1. 介绍同学们的听说训练情况；
2. 希望提供更有效的学习方法；
3. 询问对方的意向。
注意：1. 词数不少于80；
2. 邮件的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim，
_____________
Yurs，
Li Hua
参考答案与试题解析
2020-2021学年北京市朝阳区高三（上）期中英语试卷
第一部分：知识运用（共两节，25分）第一节 完形填空（共1小题；每小题10分，共10分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
1.
【答案】
C
B
A
D
B
A
C
D
B
C
【考点】
故事类阅读
【解析】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了远在寄宿学校的女儿丢了手机，一对好心的陌生夫妇特地来回奔波给她送手机的事情。作者从此事中感受到，人的善行能够影响到别人。.
【解答】
（1）C.考查动词及语境理解。A. suggested建议； B. reprted报道； C. explained解释； D. argued争论。句意：我解释道我住在三小时的车程开外，并且告诉她我会让一个朋友去拿这个手机。根据语境可知，此处母亲"我"接到来自对方的电话，应该是与对方解释自己路程较远。故选C项。
（2）B.考查名词及语境理解。A. date日期，B. luck运气； C. wrk工作； D. cntrl控制。句意：在联系了住在学校附近的熟人后，我很不走运﹣﹣﹣没人能去接电话，这并不奇怪，因为那天是工作日，大家都很忙。根据下文"nt surprisingly as it was the wrking day and everyne was busy"推测，因为那天是工作日，大家都很忙，"我"并没有找到可以拿手机的人，应该是不走运的。ut f luck"不走运的"。故选B项。
（3）A.考查动词短语及语境理解。 A. pick up捡起，获得； B. carry ut执行； C. hand in.上交； D. give away捐赠。根据上文语境可知，此处"我"找不到可以拿手机的人，pick up the phne"拿手机"，符合题意。故选A项。
（4）D.考查动词及语境理解。A. find找到； B. shw展示； C. miss错过，想念；D. take带走。句意：但当我给她发短信问她这样行不行时，她回答："我们将会带上它，并且我们今天晚上将会开车去寄宿学校。" 根据下文"drive dwn t the barding schl"判断，陌生人应该是要带上手机去找"我"的女儿，将手机还给她。故选D项。
（5）B.考查名词及语境理解。A. regret 遗憾； B. surprise 惊讶； C. amusement娱乐； D.disappintment失望。句意：令我惊讶的是，这对善良的夫妇，已经忙了一天的工作，却要在晚上来回奔波，尤其是为了把手机还给一个完全陌生的人。根据本句句意推测，"我" 应该对于这对陌生夫妇的表现非常吃惊。故选B项。
（6）A.考查副词及语境理解。 A. especially尤其； B. certainly当然； C. definitely肯定。根据语境判断，" 我"认为陌生夫妇的行为是让人惊讶的，尤其是为了陌生人。故选A项。
（7）C.考查动词及语境理解。A. cnducted执行； B. arranged安排； C. delivered递送； D. identified识别。句意：我给了他们地址，他们将手机快递到了公寓里我女儿的手上。根据上文可知，此处陌生夫妇将手机送到了"我"的女儿的手上。故选C项。
（8）D.考查动词及语境理解。A. dubts怀疑； B. interests感兴趣； C. predicets预测； D. wrries担心。句意：我有我自己的孩子，我知道一个妈妈有多担心。根据"I've gt my children f my wn"可知，这位送手机的也是一位母亲，也能体会到作为一个母亲的担心。故选D项。
（9）B.考查形容词及语境理解。A. free空闲的； B. slim小的，少的； C. hard困难的； D. fair 公平的。句意：我们原以为拿回手机的机会很渺茫，但是我们在这么短的时间内就把它拿了回来。根据后半句句意推测，原来对于拿回手机这件事已经不抱希望了，即希望很小。故选B项。
（10）C.考查动词及语境理解。A. tell告诉； B. face面对； C. mean意味； D. jin加入。句意：它很好地提醒我们世界上有善，并且一个人的行为对另一个人意味着整个世界。根据语境判断，"我" 从陌生夫妇的行为中知道了人的善行对于另外一个人的影响是如此之大，mean the wrld t anther"对另外一个人意味着世界"，符合语境。故选C项。
第二节 语法填空（共1小题；每小题1.5分， 共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
【答案】
makes,surrunded,lucky,sending,are harmed/are being harmed,higher,t relax,will fllw,hw,safely
【考点】
说明文语法填空
【解析】
第一段为记叙文，作者描述了自己的美丽校园；第二段为说明文，鲸鱼利用声音来获取周围的信息，最近科学家发现鲸鱼受到来自船只的强大声纳的伤害；第三段是议论文，规则帮助我们在一个社区中共同生活，为了安全地生活，我们需要规则。
【解答】
（1）makes. 考查主谓一致。句意：在这里上课总是让我对繁忙的世界感到兴奋，对我们国家悠久的历史感到放松。本段整体时态为一般现在时，分析句子可知，本句主语为动名词短语，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式，故填makes.
（2）surrunded. 考查过去分词。句意：房子外面是树木环绕的美丽花园。此处作定语修饰名词gardens，根据空格后by可知，gardens与动词surrund之间为被动关系，应用过去分词形式，故填surrunded.
（3）lucky. 考查形容词。句意：空气如此清新甜美，我常常想，在这样一个美丽的校园里学习是多么幸运。hw修饰形容词或副词，此处应用形容词lucky作表语，故填lucky.
（4）sending. 考查动名词。句意：通过不断发出撞击水下物体的声音，鲸鱼接收信息。介词by表示"通过（某种方式或手段）"，后面接动词的ing形式作宾语，故填sending.
（5）are harmed/are being harmed. 考查动词的时态语态及主谓一致。句意：最近，科学家发现鲸鱼受到来自船只的强大声纳的伤害。主语whales是复数名词，与动词harm之间为被动关系，结合语境可知，此处表示客观事实，应用一般现在时的被动语态；也可以表示目前正在进行的动作或状态，用现在进行时的被动语态，故填are harmed/are being harmed.
（6）higher. 考查形容词的比较级。句意：人们对这个问题的认识程度比以往任何时候都要高。根据后面连词than可知，此处应用形容词的比较级，故填higher.
（7）t relax. 考查不定式。句意：因为我们的社区需要一块宜人的绿地来放松，所以希望我们能够保持我们的公园干净，环境良好，让每个人都能享受。此处在句子中作目的状语，应用动词不定式，故填t relax.
（8）will fllw. 考查动词时态。句意：如果一个人违反了规则，更多的人会跟着他这样做并做他们想做的事。本句为复合句，条件状语从句中用了一般现在时，遵循"主将从现"原则，主句中通常用一般将来时，故填will fllw.
（9）hw. 考查主语从句。句意：我们做什么和我们怎样做会影响到每个人，而不仅仅是我们自己。and连接两个并列的主语从句，此处修饰动词act，表示"怎样；如何"，应用连接副词hw，故填hw.
（10）safely. 考查副词。句意：为了安全地生活，我们需要规则。此处作状语修饰动词live，应用副词safely，故填safely.
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分）第一节（共4小题；每小题6分，共30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
【答案】
A
A
D
【考点】
应用文阅读
广告布告类阅读
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。介绍了旅游景点Arbeia Rman Frt and Museum的位置、历史、重建及开放时间等信息。
【解答】
（1）A. 细节理解题。由第一段第三句"…Arbeia Rman Frt was the military supply base fr the sldiers…Arbeia Rman 堡垒是士兵们的军事补给基地。"可知，Arbeia Rman Frt城堡以前是一个为士兵们提供物资的军事供应基地，说明它以前与军事有关联。故选A项。
（2）A. 细节理解题。由第三段前两句"Visit the museum and see many bjects that were fund at Arbeia. They are histrically imprtant and shw what daily life was really like at that time（参观博物馆，看看许多在阿贝亚发现的物体。它们在历史上是重要的，并展示了当时的日常生活是什么样子）"可知，博物馆里展出的物件都是些历史文物。故选A项。
（3）D. 细节理解题。关于参观时间介绍的最后一句"Clsed December 25﹣26 and January 112月25日至26日和1月1日关闭。"可得出12月26日是关门的。故选D项。
【答案】
D
D
B
C
【考点】
记叙文阅读
故事类阅读
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲叙了作者参加一门即兴交流课程，想要提高自己的沟通能力，详细描写了参加课程后自身所发生的一些变化，以及这门课程带给自己的积极影响。
【解答】
（1）D. 细节理解题。根据第一段中"As a quiet and shy girl， I feared imprvising in frnt f strangers. Hwever， I knew I wanted t wrk as a science cmmunicatr after finishing my Ph.D.， s it seemed like a perfect pprtunity t learn hw t speak and cmmunicate with thers effectively. I signed up， knwing the experience wuld give me help.作为一个安静害羞的女孩，我害怕在陌生人面前即兴发挥。然而，我知道我想在完成博士学位后，成为一名科学传播者，所以这似乎是一个学习如何有效地与他人交流和沟通的绝佳机会。我报了名，因为我知道这种经历会给我帮助。"由此可知，作者参加即兴交流课是为了提高她的开口说话的沟通能力。故选D.
（2）D. 细节理解题。根据第三段中"The first few scenes were hard，but as weeks turned int mnths，I became mre cmfrtable and even started t enjy ur classes. I became better at listening，relating t my cnversatin partners，and cmmunicating clearly in the mment.开始的几场戏很难，但是几周变成了几个月，我变得更加舒服，甚至开始享受我们的课程。我变得更善于倾听，更善于与我的谈话伙伴交流，更善于在那一刻清晰地沟通。"由此可知，作者参加了即兴交流课之后所发生的变化是她在发表意见之前，先成为了一个好的倾听者。故选D.
（3）B. 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段"The benefits f imprvisatin g beynd cmmunicatin. Befre attending the class，I wuld get stuck when my experiments prduced unexpected data，thinking that I had made a mistake. But nw，instead f getting discuraged，I will stay pen t the pssibility that the results are real， keep explring the data and end up identifying a new type f cell﹣ne that isn't behaving as expected.即兴表演的好处不仅仅是沟通。在上课之前，当我的实验产生了意想不到的数据时，我会陷入困境，认为我犯了个错误。但是现在，我不会灰心丧气，我会接受结果是真实的这种可能性，继续探索数据，最终发现一种新的细胞，它的行为不像预期的那样。"由此可推知，作者提到在她的科学实验中运用"yes，and"的方法，是为了证明即兴交流课的好处。故选B.
（4）C. 推理判断题。根据最后一段"I think all scientists can benefit frm this lessn. If the data say rhins are librarians，then it's wrth finding ut whether rhins are， in fact， librarians. As scientists，ur jb isn't t challenge data that supprt a precnceived （先入为主的）stry， but t say "yes， and."我想所有的科学家都能从中受益。如果数据显示犀牛是图书管理员，那么很有必要弄清犀牛是否真的是图书管理员。作为科学家，我们的工作不是质疑那些支持预设故事的数据，而是说"是的，而且。"由此可推知，科学家应该通过承认早期数据来进行研究。故选C.
【答案】
C
A
D
A
【考点】
完形综合
说明文阅读
阅读理解综合
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了极限运动的成功与风险。
【解答】
（1）C. 推理判断题。分析文章第二段第二句"He ntes that mst f us hit a natural ceiling that limits ur appetite fr extreme risk in tricky cnditins."（他指出，我们中的大多数人达到了一个自然的上限，这个（自然上限）限制了我们在复杂条件下对极端风险的欲望。）可知，这里含有一个定语从句，先行词为a natural ceiling，定语从句对a natural ceiling进行修饰，"限制了我们在复杂条件下对极端风险的欲望"说明许多人不想做极限运动。故选C项。
（2）A. 细节理解题。根据第四段开头提到的"grups climbing Everest"（攀登珠穆朗玛峰的团体）和第二句"T me， that just seems like the height f risk，" he said. "But t them it was the next step in an activity that they've prepared fr years."（"在我看来，这似乎是最大的风险，"他说。"但对他们来说，这是他们准备多年的一项活动的下一步。"）可知，登山者为挑战做了大量的准备。故选A项。
（3）D. 段落大意题。根据第五段第一句"Anther aspect f risk perceptin （认知） may be smething referred t as "the flw"， a state in which many athletes becme absrbed in the acts that fcus the mind cmpletely n the present."（ 风险认知的另一个方面可能是被称之为"心流"的东西 ，在这种状态下，许多运动员全神贯注于将精力完全集中在当下的行为。）以及后面的进一步解释可知，本段要点就是"the flw"这种特定的精神状态会使你更有可能去尝试一项活动。故选D项。
（4）A. 推理判断题。根据最后一段"Peple f different skill levels experience the flw at different times. Sme may always be driven t adventures that thers cnsider extreme."（不同技能水平的人在不同的时间体验这种流动。一些人可能总是被驱使去冒险，而另一些人则认为是极端的。）以及后文所举的事例可知，不同的技能水平的人有自己不同的选择，所以冒险是你可以选择做或选择避免的事情。故选A项。
【答案】
B
C
B
C
【考点】
说明文阅读
科教类阅读
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。太空越来越拥挤，文章主要内容为一家名为SpaceX and OneWeb的公司计划在2027前发射数千上万颗近地轨道卫星之事，及对太空卫星数量剧增而带来的三个安全方面的担忧。
【解答】
（1）B．细节理解题。由第一段最后一句"SpaceX and OneWeb plan t launch LEO satellites in their thusands， nt hundreds， t duble the ttal number f satellites in rbit （轨道） by 2027（SpaceX and OneWeb计划发射数千上万颗近地轨道卫星将使轨道上卫星总数量增加一倍。）"可知， LEO卫星预计将大量增加。故选B项。
（2）C．细节理解题。由第二段最后一句"Rules are needed t deal with ld satellites safely frm lw﹣Earth rbits"可知，为了安全处理老旧的近地轨道卫星，需要制定一些规则。故选C项。
（3）B．词义猜测题。由第四段中句子"But as mre f the wrld's ppulatin cmes t rely n the space fr access t the Internet， the need fr actin willintensify"可知，因为世界上越来越多的人依赖太空卫星提供上因特网的通路，人们对于网络安全的需求将intensify。可推断，依赖太空卫星的人数增多，因此对网络安全的需求就增强了。故划线词与increase意思相近。A. Measure.测量；B. Increase.增加；C. Spread.扩展；D. Repeat.重复。故选B项。
（4）C．推理判断题。由第三段最后一句"Rules are needed t deal with ld satellites safely frm lw﹣Earth rbits.（需要有规则来安全地处理来自低地球轨道的旧卫星 ）"、第四段最后一句"Measures will surely be taken t prtect netwrk security（一定要采取措施保护网络安全）"及文末最后一句"They must be answered befre the space ecnmy can truly develp（在空间经济真正发展之前，必须回答这些问题）"可知，关于发射大量的近地轨道卫星，作者认为应该小心慎行，避免潜在的危险发生。故选C项。
第二节（共1小题；每小题10分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
【答案】
F,G,C,B,E
【考点】
说明文七选五
【解析】
本文是说明文。文章通过了分析科学家的研究介绍了我们神奇的手。手是心灵与世界相遇的地方。我们用手生火，飞飞机，写字。没有手，我们所想到的所有想法都将一事无成。
【解答】
（1）F. 细节理解题。上文"We use ur hands t build fires， t fly airplanes， and t write."说明我们用手生火，开飞机，和写字，空格处承上启下，下文"The thumb （拇指） alne is cntrlled by nine separate muscles. The wrist is a grup f bnes and muscles cnnected with nerves （神经）. The nerves send branches int each fingertip， which makes the fingers extremely flexible.（单是拇指就由九个独立的肌肉控制。手腕是一组用神经相连的骨骼和肌肉。这些神经向每个指尖发送分支，这使得手指非常灵活）"说明手的结构，F项前半句的"we can use ur hands fr s many things"与上文一致，their special structure与下文一致，故选F.
（2）G.逻辑关系题。上文"The thumb （拇指） alne is cntrlled by nine separate muscles. The wrist is a grup f bnes and muscles cnnected with nerves （神经）. The nerves send branches int each fingertip， which makes the fingers extremely flexible.（单是拇指就由九个独立的肌肉控制。手腕是一组用神经相连的骨骼和肌肉。这些神经向每个指尖发送分支，这使得手指非常灵活）"说明手的灵活，与空格处是因果关系，因此你可以看到一个熟练的钟表匠用他的手在显微镜下放置弹簧。故选G.
（3）C.细节理解题。上文"Sme animals had seven fingers. Others had eight. But by the time vertebrates （脊椎动物） appeared 340 millin years ag， the hand had develped t nly five fingers.（有些动物有七个手指。其他的有八个。但到脊椎动物（6）4亿年前出现时，手只发展到五个手指）"说明手指的个数，C项中的"that number"与上文一致，说明手指保持这个数的理由科学家不知道。故选C.
（6）B.逻辑关系题。上文"After years f research， scientists are beginning t understand the mlecular （分子的） changes in hands.（经过多年的研究，科学家们开始了解手的分子变化）"说明了科学家的研究， B项中的als是关键词，与上文是递进关系，they指代scientists，说明"科学家也看到所有的手都以完全一样的方式开始"，符合题意，引出下文"这使得不同动物的手非常相似"，"much the same"与"similar"意思一致。故选B.
（6）E. 逻辑关系题。上文"A bird's wing and a lin's paw （爪） may appear t have nthing in cmmn."说明鸟的翅膀和狮子的爪子似乎没有共同之处，E项中"But"说明与下文的转折关系，have nthing in cmmn与the difference是转折关系，E项"但它们之间的差异可能归结为形式上的微小变化"符合题意。故选E.
第三部分：书面表达（共两节，35分）第一节 （共1小题；第1-3题每小题15分，第4题6分，共15分）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容在答题卡相应题号后的横线上写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答。
【答案】
When eating fd， peple sit tgether and share fd with each ther， which prmtes unity and trust.,In many cultures， peple cut and share decrated cakes fr birthday and marriage celebratins.,Peple have different fds t symblise gdwill in different cultures.,，rundfdssymblizefamilyunity；acakewithacinstandsfrsuccess.Peplebelievethatthesecustmswillbringgdluck，andtheypassthemdwnfrmnegeneratintanther，frmingtheiruniquecultures.Thatisthereasnwhymanyfthemarestillimprtanttday.
【考点】
阅读表达
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍食物可以作为一种文化进行交流。
【解答】
（1）When eating fd， peple sit tgether and share fd with each ther， which prmtes unity and trust.细节理解题。由第一段的句子" In many cultures， peple sit tgether and share fd at mealtimes， which is a cmmn traditin that can prmte unity and trust. "（在许多文化中，人们在进餐时坐在一起分享食物，这是一个可以促进团结和信任的共同传统）可知，很多文化中，分享食物可以促进团结和信任。所以填：When eating fd， peple sit tgether and share fd with each ther， which prmtes unity and trust.
（2）In many cultures， peple cut and share decrated cakes fr birthday and marriage celebratins.细节理解题。由第二段的句子"Many cultures als celebrate birthdays and marriages with decrated cakes that are cut and shared amng the guests. "（许多文化也用装饰好的蛋糕来庆祝生日和结婚，蛋糕会被切割并在客人之间分享）可知，人们通过"切蛋糕并一同分享"来庆祝生日和结婚，所以填：In many cultures， peple cut and share decrated cakes fr birthday and marriage celebratins.
（3）Peple have different fds t symblise gdwill in different cultures.推理判断题。由第三段第一句话"There are fds like bread in ther cultures. "（在其他文化中也有像面包这样的食物）可知，本段主要还是说明食物被赋予了文化性，本段中通过举例说明食物象征着"成功、财富和家庭团结等"美好愿望。所以填：Peple have different fds t symblise gdwill in different cultures.
（4）These fd traditins have a lng histry. They usually represent gd meanings. Fr example， rund fds symblize family unity； a cake with a cin stands fr success. Peple believe that these custms will bring gd luck， and they pass them dwn frm ne generatin t anther， frming their unique cultures. That is the reasn why many f them are still imprtant tday.推理判断题。由文章最后一句话" The fd peple eat during celebratins may have a lng histry and can symblize many things， but sharing fd is ne custm that almst all humans have in cmmn. "（人们在庆祝活动中吃的食物可能有着悠久的历史，象征着很多东西，但分享食物是几乎所有人类的共同习俗。）可知，虽然历史悠久，但有很多象征意义，人们相信这些习俗能够带来好运（可以举一个例子），所以代代相传。所以填：These fd traditins have a lng histry. They usually represent gd meanings. Fr example， rund fds symblize family unity； a cake with a cin stands fr success. Peple believe that these custms will bring gd luck， and they pass them dwn frm ne generatin t anther， frming their unique cultures. That is the reasn why many f them are still imprtant tday.
第二节（20分）
【答案】
Dear Jim，
Hw is everything ging？ As yu knw， we've strengthened English listening and speaking training since this term， but we still have sme cnfusin. Knwing yu are an expert in it， I'm writing t invite yu t make a special lecture fr us.【高分句型一】（ 写信目的）
Nw many f us have been studying with the help f nline curses. We listen t the tape and d a simple fllw﹣up every day， trying t imitate the prnunciatin and intnatin. Besides， we have increased the awareness f speaking English prperly accrding t different ccasins.（介绍同学们的听说训练情况）
But sme f us still find it hard t imprve English within a limited time and wnder if there are sme better learning methds. 【高分句型二】As an experienced teacher， yu must have many views. We really hpe yu can put frward sme effective learning methds fr us. （希望提供更有效的学习方法）Culd yu cme and give us sme guidance？ Please let us knw by this weekend if yu culd accept the invitatin.（询问对方的意向）
Lking frward t yur reply.（盼望）
Yurs，
Li Hua
【考点】
提纲类
【解析】
高分句型一：Knwing yu are an expert in it， I'm writing t invite yu t make a special lecture fr us.
译文：我知道你是这方面的专家，所以写信邀请你为我们做一个特别的讲座。
分析：这句话使用现在分词作状语。
高分句型二：But sme f us still find it hard t imprve English within a limited time and wnder if there are sme better learning methds.
译文：但是我们中的一些人仍然发现很难在有限的时间内提高英语水平，并且怀疑是否有更好的学习方法。
分析：这句话使用it作为形式宾语，不定式内容是真正的宾语，if引导宾语从句。
【解答】
Dear Jim，
Hw is everything ging？ As yu knw， we've strengthened English listening and speaking training since this term， but we still have sme cnfusin. Knwing yu are an expert in it， I'm writing t invite yu t make a special lecture fr us.【高分句型一】（ 写信目的）
Nw many f us have been studying with the help f nline curses. We listen t the tape and d a simple fllw﹣up every day， trying t imitate the prnunciatin and intnatin. Besides， we have increased the awareness f speaking English prperly accrding t different ccasins.（介绍同学们的听说训练情况）
But sme f us still find it hard t imprve English within a limited time and wnder if there are sme better learning methds. 【高分句型二】As an experienced teacher， yu must have many views. We really hpe yu can put frward sme effective learning methds fr us. （希望提供更有效的学习方法）Culd yu cme and give us sme guidance？ Please let us knw by this weekend if yu culd accept the invitatin.（询问对方的意向）
Lking frward t yur reply.（盼望）
Yurs，
Li Hua
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