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2020-2021学年某校高三（上）期中英语试卷人教版
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这是一份2020-2021学年某校高三（上）期中英语试卷人教版，共10页。试卷主要包含了 buy改为buying， mneys改为mney， ffered改为ffer，an改为a等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2020-2021学年某校高三（上）期中英语试卷
阅读理解（本大题共 20 小题，每小题 2 分，共 40 分）第一节 （共4小题；每小题6分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
1. Explore the villages around Hartbridge
Many visitors came to Hartbridge to see wonderful art galleries, museums and fantastic parks. This brochure will tell you what you can see if you take a short bus ride out of the city.
Camberwell
The historic village of Camberwell was once the home of the wealthy Hugo family, who lived in a huge country house, Camberwell Court, and owned all the land in the area. You can spend a whole day walking around the house and gardens and there is a small exhibition about the family, a children's play area, a gift shop and a restaurant.
Hidcot
Hidcot is situated on the river Owell. Visitors should go to the Nature Park to the south of the village, where there are large numbers of rare birds and flowers. In Hidcot, you can take a two﹣hour river cruise to see the countryside and learn about the local wildlife from a guide, or hire a boat and explore the river at your leisure.
Tatterbridge
The village was home of the children's writer Jane Potter, whose stories of Benjamin Bear are loved by adults and children around the world. Jane Potter's home is now a museum and is well worth a visit just for its wonderful gardens. Lovers of Jane Potter's books should also walk to the Green Valley woods, which have not changed since Jane Potter wrote her stories there 100 years ago.
Moordale
It is the highest mountain in the area, where many industries grew up, including the coal industry, a paper factory and a cotton factory, all of which closed down in the 19th century. If you walk from the village center up the hill to the north, you can still see the paths where horses used to carry the coal. There is a four﹣mile walk around the village which has some amazing views.
（1）Which village may have greater attractions for bird lovers？________
A. Hidcot. B. Moordale. C. Camberwell. D. Tatterbridge.．
（2）What do Camberwell and Tatterbridge have in common？________
A. They run some wonderful children's bookshops.
B. They are the hometowns of some famous writers.
C. They provide visitors with views of historic houses.
D. They are well﹣known for their newly created gardens.．
（3）What do we know about Moordale？________
A. It used to be an industrial village.
B. It is the flattest village of the four.
C. It has won popularity for its cotton fields.
D. It is a perfect place for people to ride horses.．
2. If you like to spend your time up to your elbows in dirt and have the ability to grow plants that don't wither and die, you may have been told you have a green thumb. This is not a medical emergency, but a slang term meant to show one's natural talent for gardening. But where did the phrase come from?
Both green thumb and green fingers have been common expressions in England and the United States for well over a century, with the Oxford English Dictionary citing use of green fingers as early as 1906 from the novel The Misses make﹣believe by Mary Stuart Boyd. Green thumb, meanwhile, was used first in 1937 Ironwood Daily Globe newspaper article, which described the phrase as gardening slang.
There are several stories about its origins. Some believe it is a result of growing potted plants, which can often have green algae（藻）on the underside that coat hands. Others point to a story about King Edward I and his love of green peas, which were shelled by subservient workers ﹣one would be honoured for doing the most work and having the greenest thumb. There is also the fact that plants contain chorophyll（叶绿素）which can easily discolour your hands.
However the phrase was cultivated, we have a pretty good idea of how it caught on. In the 1940s, wartime Britain enjoyed a popular gardening radio show titled In Your Garden hosted by C.H. Middleton that made use of both green thumb and green fingers.
Why, then, is the phrase focused more on the thumb when all of your fingers are likely to get discoloured? It might have something to do with an old English proverb: "An honest miller（磨坊主）has a golden thumb." The quality of corn flour could be judged by rubbing it between the forefinger and thumb. Mixed together in the collective consciousness, these two expressions may have resulted in the green thumb we hear about today.
（1）What can we learn about the two slang terms from paragraph 2？________
A. They have different meanings at first.
B. Green thumb was preferred by Americans.
C. They were first included in English dictionaries.
D. Green fingers appeared earlier in written history.．
（2）The stories about the sources of green thumb are all related to________.
A. chlorophyll in plants
B. King Edward I's hobby
C. the green algae that grow on pots
D. King Edward I's skilled gardeners．
（3）Why is "thumb" used in the slang "green thumb" rather than other fingers？________
A. The thumb is raised to show praise.
B. "Thumb" is often used in English sayings.
C. People connect the phrase with the "golden thumb".
D. People think other fingers are useless in gardening.．
（4）What is the best title for the text？________
A. How did "green thumb" come to English？
B. Why do westerners prefer the finger "thumb"？
C. Why are gardeners said to have a "green thumb"？
D. Is there a relationship between "green thumb" and "thumb"？．
3. Galapagos Giant tortoises（巨型陆龟）, sometimes called Gardeners of the Galapagos, are creatures of habit. In the cold dry season, the highlands of the volcanoes are covered in cloud which allows plants to grow despite the absence of rain. In the lower areas, however, plants are not available all year round. Adult tortoises thus spend the dry season in the higher areas, and go back to the lower, relatively warmer areas where there are plentiful eatable plants when the rainy season begins. The tortoises often take the same migration routes over many years in order to find perfect plants and temperatures. The timing of this migration is important for keeping their energy levels high.
Researchers used GPS to track the timing and patterns of tortoise migration over many years. They expected the migration to be timed with current environmental conditions because many other migratory animals do it that way. However, tortoise migration is weakly related to current conditions such as rain and temperature. It is unclear at this point whether they are basing their migration decisions on memories of past conditions or if they are simply incorrectly assessing current local conditions.
Luckily, probably because of their long lives of up to 100 years and large body size, bad timing of migration has smaller effects on giant tortoises compared to small, short﹣lived animals. Giant tortoises can go up to a year without eating and survive, while other migratory animals might eat more often to keep their energy levels high.
Giant tortoises are important ecosystem engineers in the Galapagos, and their migration is key to the survival of many plants. How the difference in tortoises' migration time will affect the rest of the ecosystem is still unclear. It is quite possible that the mistiming of migration will keep increasing in the future. "One concern is that at some point in the future, " says Bastille﹣Rousseau, lead author of the study, "migration may not be a perfect strategy for tortoises. There may be a reduction in the number of tortoises doing these long travels. This would likely have great effects on the whole ecosystem."
（1）What do we know about Galapagos giant tortoises？________
A. They prefer low temperatures.
B. They like living in the highlands.
C. They always hate the rainy season.
D. They seldom change migration routes.．
（2）What have researchers found out about the timing of giant tortoise migration？________
A. The weather has much to do with it.
B. It disagrees with current conditions.
C. The research has strong effects on it.
D. It is decided by the tortoises' memories.．
（3）What might help giant tortoises survive the migration at the wrong time？________
A. Their restless energy.
B. Their different body shape.
C. Their habit of eating healthily.
D. Their ability to go without food.．
（4）What can we infer from Bastille﹣Rousseau's words？________
A. Migration is the only choice for giant tortoises in the future.
B. Damage to the ecosystem will reduce the number of giant tortoises.
C. Giant tortoise migration plays a major role in Galapagos' ecosystem.
D. Giant tortoises protect the ecosystem by their different migration time.．
4. Artificial Intelligence（AI）advice is as influential as humans', but positive crowd views still overpower.
In a study, researchers found that machines that make recommendations ﹣or AI experts ﹣ were as influential as human experts when the AI experts recommended which photo users should add to their online business profiles. However, both AI and human experts failed to ________ if their feedback was negative and went against popular views among other users, said S. Shyam Sundar, a professor of Media Effects.
Because people are increasingly using social media to look for feedback, studies suggest that expert opinions and the bandwagon effect（从众效应） may be important factors in influencing decisions. According to Jinping Wang, a doctoral candidate in mass communication and first author of the study. "Nowadays, we often turn to online platforms for opinions from other people ﹣like our peers and experts﹣ before making a decision, " said Wang. AI experts are often less expensive than human experts and they can also work 24 hours a day, which, Wang suggests, might make them appealing to online businesses.
The researchers also found that the AI's group status（群体地位） ﹣ in this case, national origin was pointed out ﹣ did not seem to affect a person's acceptance of its recommendation. Among human experts, however, an expert from a similar national origin who offered a negative opinion of a photograph tended to be more influential than a human expert from an unknown country who offered a similar negative rating of a photograph.
While findings that suggest group status may not affect whether a person values the view of AI experts sound like good news, Sundar suggests that the same cultural biases（偏见）might still be at work in AI experts for they could be hidden in the programming and training data.
"It can be both good ﹣ and bad ﹣ because it all depends on what you feed AI, " said Sundar. "While it is good to believe in AI's ability to transcend（超越）cultural biases, we have to keep in mind that if you train the AI on pictures from one culture, they could give misleading recommendations on pictures meant for use in other cultural contexts."
（1）What do the underlined words "budge them" in paragraph 2 mean？________
A. Raise their spirits. B. Satisfy their needs.
C. Change their ideas. D. Fire their imagination.．
（2）Why do users often turn to AI experts？________
A. AI experts are more knowledgeable.
B. AI experts are on hand and cost less.
C. AI experts are less influenced by feelings.
D. AI experts are so new as to be more attractive.．
（3）Which expert's negative assessments is a person more likely to believe？________
A. An expert who has great achievements in arts.
B. An expert with better personality and attitude.
C. A foreign expert who is very popular worldwide.
D. An expert from countries with similar cultures to his.．
（4）What did Sundar mean by the last paragraph？________
A. People should have a mind of their own.
B. People should be able to tell good from bad.
C. People should know AI's hidden cultural biases.
D. People should be trained how to use AI properly.．
第二节 （共1小题；每小题10分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Doctors have successfully kept a heart beating in a container for 24 hours，bringing hope to thousands of patients across the world in need of a life﹣saving transplant.
（1）_______However，the "game﹣changing" device can preserve a heart up to six times longer than existing methods. It provides the heart with oxygen and vital nutrients， allowing more time to transport it.
The device， named ULiSSES，fits into a carry﹣on box， so hearts can be flown around the world.（2）_______And it is expected to cost under ＄100，000. University of Texas researchers have successfully tested on pig hearts， which are similar to ours.（3）_______
Dr. Rafael Veraza presented the findings on pig hearts at the annual meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science in Seattle.
"（4）_______ Many years later，it is done much the same way，" Dr. Veraza said. "Donated hearts generally remain viable（可存活的）for around four hours using traditional preservation methods.（5）_______Being able to keep a heart viable for 24 hours means you could transport it almost anywhere in the world，and this could save many lives."
A.It is expected to come into use soon.
B.The extra time could bring more hope to patients.
C.Usually， a donated heart can only last about four hours.
D.It works without being affected by temperature or air pressure.
E.The pig hearts remained viable for 24 hours after they were removed.
F.The first heart was transported more than 50 years ago by putting it on ice.
G.They plan to test it on human hearts in three months and put it on the market within a year.
第三部分 语言知识运用 （共两节，满分30分）第一节 完型填空 （共1小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Each of us struggles for self﹣respect and self﹣worth to some degree. I spent much time trying to achieve perfection in every aspect of my life.
I was a happy kid with a lot of friends and a supportive family. But growing up was really（1）_______and even scary sometimes.
During my childhood, I was constantly involved in something that included people's views about my achievements or my（2）_______. I wanted everyone's praise and acceptance, but I was my own toughest critic（挑剔的人）.
After I graduated from high school, my（3）_______to be "thin" began to trouble me. I began trying to diet by（4）_______ my food.
In the beginning, I felt great ﹣ attractive and successful, almost superhuman. I even thought that I was better than everyone else. What I didn't see was that I was slowly（5）_______myself.
People around me began to（6）_______my weight loss. They said with concern. "You're losing too much weight." "Elisa, you're so thin." All their words only suggested that I was getting closer to "（7）_______".
Sadly, I took my physical（8）_______as the first important thing in my life, （9）_______that it was the way to become successful and accepted.
Then I cut down on my（10）_______ more and more, until a（11）_______day consisting of half a teaspoon of nonfat yogurt in the morning and a cup of grape juice at night.
But my poor（12）_______ began to cause me to lose（13）_______. Then one night, like many nights before, I couldn't sleep, and felt as though my heart might beat out of my chest. I tried to（14）_______, but I couldn't. The beating became so rapid and so strong that I could no longer（15）_______. What I had done to diet nearly caused me to have a heart attack. I stood up, and immediately fell down. I was really（16）_______, and I knew I needed help. My roommate rushed me to the（17）_______, and then I began the long road to my（18）_______. It took a lot ﹣ doctors, nurses, nutritionists, food supplements…
And more importantly, a sense of what was true about myself got my life back on track with reality. I realized that, with my（19）_______ of trying to be "perfect" on the （20）_______, I had sacrificed who I was on the inside. What I know now is, we are ﹣ each and every one of us ﹣ already perfect.
（1）
A.natural B.. easy C.. hard D.. rapid
（2）
A.performances B.. backgrounds C.. scores D.. failures
（3）
A.problem B.. desire C.. way D.. promise
（4）
A.controlling B.. checking C.. collecting D.. balancing
（5）
A.killing B.. forgetting C.. asking D.. questioning
（6）
A.help B.. accept C.. reject D.. notice
（7）
A.perfection B.. devotion C.. ambition D.. attention
（8）
A.strength B.. exercise C.. appearance D.. examination
（9）
A.believing B.. realizing C.. pretending D.. declaring
（10）
A.expense B.. movement C.. food D.. travel
（11）
A.pleasant B.. difficult C.. typical D.. different
（12）
A.memory B.. nutrition C.. knowledge D.. taste
（13）
A.weight B.. hope C.. sleep D.. heart
（14）
A.relax B.. walk C.. cry D.. talk
（15）
A.breathe B.. resist C.. wake D.. remember
（16）
A.scared B.. annoyed C.. discouraged D.. disappointed
（17）
A.bed B.. hospital C.. school D.. office
（18）
A.glory B.. discovery C.. recovery D.. victory
（19）
A.skill B.. decision C.. experience D.. deal
（20）
A.whole B.. face C.. mind D.. outside
第二节 （共1小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Regular exercise can increase your body's energy consumption and it is also a great way（1）________（improve）your productivity and mental focus throughout the day. The increased energy levels that occur as a result of exercise（2）________（be）also likely to lead to more active habits throughout the day，such as taking the stairs rather than the lift，or（3）________（walk）to speak to workmates instead of emailing. This increased activity will then bring physical and mental benefits.
Physical activity can help us to improve the （4）________（long）and the quality of our sleep，which will in turn make further contributions（5）________our health and well being. While there is no absolute figure we should aim for in terms of sleep time，most people will find that they fall somewhere between six to nine hours a night. Quality is（6）________（sure）more important than quantity.
Regular physical activity can help us to manage life's stress much（7）________（well） as a distraction technique. As discussed，exercise can help you achieve a more positive outlook as well as improving sleep quality，both of（8）________ are important in managing stress. Also，（9）________ is thought that exercise can help to improve our ability to activate the control centers in our brain and the nervous system，which is very（10）________（help）when we are under stress.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分10分）第一节 短文改错（共1小题；每小题10分，满分10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
There are a lot researches showing that when we are kind to others，they become happier. In a sense， giving is much more better than receiving. If you spend time practice three acts of kindness each day， you will improve your level of happiness， especial if you practice such kindness often. An act of kindness can be as simple as holding the door open for someone， buy a classmate a favorite drink in the morning or giving moneys to charity. You can also call someone in need and offered a friendly ear. It is also an useful choice for you to cook a delicious meal for the family despite being tiring.
第二节 书面表达 （满分25分）
假定你是李华，想邀请你的交换生朋友Linda参加学校举办的中国民族舞培训班，请你给她写封邮件，内容包括：
1.写信目的；
2.活动介绍；
3.期待回复。
注意：
1.词数100左右；
2.开头和结尾已经给出，但不计入总词数；
3.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Linda，
_________
Yours，
Li Hua
参考答案与试题解析
2020-2021学年某校高三（上）期中英语试卷
阅读理解（本大题共 20 小题，每小题 2 分，共 40 分）第一节 （共4小题；每小题6分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
1.
【答案】
A
C
A
【考点】
应用文阅读
广告布告类阅读
【解析】
这是一篇应用文。文章详细介绍了哈特布里奇周围的村庄。
【解答】
（1）A. 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句"Visitors should go to the Nature Park to the south of the village， where there are large numbers of rare birds and flowers. "（游客应该去村子南边的自然公园，那里有大量的珍稀鸟类和花卉。）可知，Hidcot可能对鸟类爱好者有更大的吸引力。故选A.
（2）C. 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句"The historic village of Camberwell was once the home of the wealthy Hugo family， who lived in a huge country house， Camberwell Court， and owned all the land in the area. "（历史悠久的坎伯韦尔村曾经是富有的雨果家族的家，他们住在坎伯韦尔庄园的一幢巨大的乡间别墅里，拥有该地区所有的土地。）和第四段"The village was home of the children's writer Jane Potter， whose stories of Benjamin Bear are loved by adults and children around the world. Jane Potter's home is now a museum and is well worth a visit just for its wonderful gardens. Lovers of Jane Potter's books should also walk to the Green Valley woods， which have not changed since Jane Potter wrote her stories there 100 years ago."（这个村庄是儿童作家简•波特的家乡，她写的本杰明熊的故事深受全世界成年人和儿童的喜爱。简•波特的家现在是一个博物馆，光是它奇妙的花园就很值得一看。喜欢简•波特小说的人也应该去绿谷森林走走，自从100年前简•波特在那里写下她的故事以来，这里从未改变过。）可知，这两座山庄都有历史遗迹。故选C.
（3）A. 细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句"It is the highest mountain in the area， where many industries grew up， including the coal industry， a paper factory and a cotton factory， all of which closed down in the 19th century. "（这是该地区最高的山，许多工业都在这里发展起来，包括煤炭厂、造纸厂和棉纺厂，所有这些都在19世纪关闭了。）可知，Moordale曾经是一座工业村庄。故选A.
2.
【答案】
D
A
C
C
【考点】
历史文化类阅读
说明文阅读
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文，讲述了"green thumb"这一短语的由来，及园艺师被称为"green thumb"的原因。
【解答】
（1）D．细节理解题。根据文章第二段"with the Oxford English Dictionary citing use of green fingers as early as 1906 from the novel The Misses make﹣believe by Mary Stuart Boyd. Green thumb， meanwhile， was used first in 1937 Ironwood Daily Globe newspaper article，"（早在1906年，《牛津英语词典》就引用了玛丽•斯图尔特•博伊德的小说《假装小姐》中的"绿手指"一词。"绿拇指"一词最早出现在1937年《铁木日报环球报》的一篇文章中，）可知，在有文字记载的历史中，"绿手指"出现得更早。故选D项。
（2）A．细节理解题。根据文章第三段" Others point to a story about King Edward I and his love of green peas， which were shelled by subservient workers﹣one would be honoured for doing the most work and having the greenest thumb. There is also the fact that plants contain chorophyll which can easily discolour your hands."（还有人提到一个关于爱德华一世国王和他对绿豌豆的热爱的故事，这些豌豆被卑躬屈节的工人剥去了壳﹣﹣一个人会因为做了最多的工作和拥有最绿的拇指而被授予荣誉。还有一个事实是，植物含有叶绿素，很容易让你的手变色。）可知，关于"绿拇指"来源的故事都与植物中的叶绿素有关。故选A项。
（3）C．细节理解题。根据文章第五段"It might have something to do with an old English proverb： "An honest miller （磨坊主） has a golden thumb." "（这可能与一句古老的英国谚语有关："诚实的磨坊主拥有黄金拇指。"）可知，在俚语中"绿拇指"中拇指被使用而不是其他手指，是因为人们把这个词与金拇指联系在一起。故选C项。
（4）C．标题判断题。根据文章第一段If you like to spend your time up to your elbows in dirt and have the ability to grow plants that don't wither and die， you may have been told you have a green thumb."But where did the phrase come from？"（如果你喜欢把时间花在泥土中，并且有能力种植不会枯萎和死亡的植物，你可能会被告知你有特殊园艺才能，但是这个短语是从哪里来的呢？）及最后一段"Why， then， is the phrase focused more on the thumb when all of your fingers are likely to get discoloured？ It might have something to do with an old English proverb： "An honest miller has a golden thumb.""（那么，为什么当你所有的手指都有可能变色的时候，这个短语却更侧重于拇指呢？这可能与一句古老的英国谚语有关："诚实的磨坊主拥有黄金拇指。"）可知，文章主要讲述了园艺师被称为"绿拇指"的原因。所以短文的最佳标题为"为什么说园艺师被称为"green thumb"？故选C项。
3.
【答案】
D
B
D
C
【考点】
说明文阅读
科教类阅读
【解析】
本文是一篇科教类阅读，主要讲述了巨大的加拉帕戈斯陆龟是濒危动物的典型。它们濒临灭绝是因为野生山羊吃了它们食物，破坏了它们的栖息地。这促使自然资源保护者采取行动，帮助它们。
【解答】
（1）D.细节理解题。根据第一段The tortoises often take the same migration routes over many years in order to find perfect plants and temperatures. （多年来，为了找到完美的植物和温度，乌龟经常走同样的迁徙路线）可知，巨大的加拉帕戈斯陆龟很少改变迁徙路线，故选D.
（2）B.细节理解题。根据第二段However， tortoise migration is weakly related to current conditions such as rain and temperature. （然而，龟类的迁移与当前条件如降雨和温度的关系不大）可知，研究发现，巨大的加拉帕戈斯陆龟的迁徙时间和当前天气情况不一致，故选B.
（3）D.细节理解题。根据第三段Giant tortoises can go up to a year without eating and survive， while other migratory animals might eat more often to keep their energy levels high. （巨型陆龟可以在一年不进食的情况下生存下来，而其他迁徙动物可能会吃得更多，以保持较高的能量水平）可知，不吃食物的能力使巨大的加拉帕戈斯陆龟在错误的迁徙时间存活下来，故选D.
（4）C.推理判断题。根据最后一段migration may not be a perfect strategy for tortoises. There may be a reduction in the number of tortoises doing these long travels. This would likely have great effects on the whole ecosystem."（对陆龟来说，迁徙可能不是一个完美的策略。进行这些长途旅行的龟的数量可能会减少。这可能会对整个生态系统产生巨大的影响）可知，巨大陆龟的迁徙对加拉帕戈斯生态起到主要的作用，故选C.
4.
【答案】
C
B
D
C
【考点】
说明文阅读
科教类阅读
【解析】
本文是一篇科教类阅读，主要讲述了在进行推荐建议时，AI专家和人类专家的影响力一样有效。AI专家由于便捷性、低成本受到广泛欢迎，但我们不应该忘记其中隐藏的文化偏见，这取决于人类如何灌输和训练。
【解答】
（1）C.词义猜测题。根据文章第二段In a study， researchers found that machines that make recommendations﹣or AI experts﹣were as influential as human experts when the AI experts recommended which photo users should add to their online business profiles. （在一项研究中，研究人员发现，当人工智能专家建议哪些照片用户应该添加到他们的在线商业资料中时，提出建议的机器﹣﹣或人工智能专家﹣﹣的影响力与人类专家一样大）；以及However…if their feedback was negative and went against popular views among other users.（但是…如果他们的反馈是负面的，并且与其他用户的流行观点相悖）可推测，当反馈是负面的情况下，人工智能和人类专家都不能做出让步，即改变不了人们的观点，A. Raise their spirits振奋精神；B. Satisfy their needs满足需求；C. Change their ideas改变想法；D. Fire their imagination激发他们的想象力，故选C.
（2）B.细节理解题。根据文章第三段AI experts are often less expensive than human experts and they can also work 24 hours a day， which， Wang suggests， might make them appealing to online businesses.（王表示，人工智能专家通常比人类专家更便宜，而且他们可以一天24小时工作，这可能会让他们对在线企业有吸引力）可知，用户经常寻求AI专家的帮助是因为AI专家便捷并且花费少，故选B.
（3）D.细节理解题。根据文章第四段Among human experts， however， an expert from a similar national origin who offered a negative opinion of a photograph tended to be more influential than a human expert from an unknown country who offered a similar negative rating of a photograph.（然而，在人类专家中，来自相似国家的专家如果对照片给出负面评价，往往比来自未知国家的专家给出相似负面评价的照片更有影响力）可推测，来自相似文化背景的专家观点更有影响力，故选D.
（4）C.推理判断题。根据文章最后一段While it is good to believe in AI's ability to transcend cultural biases， we have to keep in mind that if you train the AI on pictures from one culture， they could give misleading recommendations on pictures meant for use in other cultural contexts.（虽然相信人工智能能够超越文化偏见是件好事，但我们必须记住，如果你用一种文化的图片来训练人工智能，它们可能会对其他文化背景下使用的图片给出误导性的建议）由此判断出，Sundar 的意思是人们应该知道人工智能隐藏的文化偏见，故选C.
第二节 （共1小题；每小题10分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
【答案】
C,D,G,F,E
【考点】
说明文七选五
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文，讲述了科学家发明的一种新型"改变游戏规则"的设备，能够使人类心脏存活更久，从而救世界各地需要的人。
【解答】
（1）C．推理判断题。根据下文" However， the "game﹣changing" device can preserve a heart up to six times longer than existing methods.（然而，这个"改变游戏规则"的设备保存心脏的时间是现有方法的6倍）"可知，此空与心脏保存时间有关。C选项"Usually， a donated heart can only last about four hours."表示通常情况下，一个捐献的心脏只能保持四个小时。与后一句形成对比关系，符合此处语境。故选C项。
（2）D．细节理解题。根据上一句"The device， named ULiSSES， fits into a carry﹣on box， so hearts can be flown around the world.（这个名为ULiSSES的装置可以装在一个随身携带的盒子里，这样心脏就可以飞到世界各地）"描述心脏是如何保存并捐献到世界各地的。D选项"It works without being affected by temperature or air pressure.（它不受温度或气压的影响）"说明了这个装置的优势，与前一句有意义上的联系，符合此处语境。故选D项。
（3）G．细节理解题。前一句"University of Texas researchers have successfully tested on pig hearts， which are similar to ours."讲述科学家在猪的心脏上进行测试，并且已经成功。G选项"They plan to test it on human hearts in three months and put it on the market within a year.（他们计划在三个月内在人类心脏上进行测试，并在一年内投放市场）"表示测试的下一步，符合此处语境。故选G项。
（4）F．细节理解题。后一句"Many years later， it is done much the same way（许多年后，还是这样做的）"可知，此处描述保存心脏的方式。F选项"The first heart was transported more than 50 years ago by putting it on ice.（第一个心脏是在50多年前被放在冰上运送的）"中的"50 years ago"与"Many years later"相互对应。故选F项。
（5）E．逻辑关系题。空处前文"Donated hearts generally remain viable for around four hours using traditional preservation methods."讲述人类捐献的心脏使用传统方法可以保持4个小时；空后"Being able to keep a heart viable for 24 hours means you could transport it almost anywhere in the world， and this could save many lives."说明心脏能够保存24小时将能救助更多的生命。E选项"The pig hearts remained viable for 24 hours after they were removed.（猪的心脏在被取出后还能存活24小时）"是上文中实验研究的成果，起到承上启下的作用，符合此处语境。故选E项。
第三部分 语言知识运用 （共两节，满分30分）第一节 完型填空 （共1小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
【答案】
C
D
D
A
A
D
A
C
A
A
C
B
C
A
A
A
B
C
C
D
【考点】
人生感悟类阅读
【解析】
每个人都会努力地去找到自尊自重，希望能够实现自我价值。作者也曾经费尽心思希望自己能够在生活的各个方面都实现完美。作者为了让自己看起来很苗条很瘦，曾经控制饮食，最终差点导致心脏病。由此，作者才知道自己做了多么愚蠢的事情，其实每个人是完美的。
【解答】
（1）C. 考查形容词及语境理解。 A. natural自然的；B. easy容易的；C.hard 艰难的； D.rapid 快的。 根据下文的evenscary可知，这里作者是指成长是艰难的，故选择C．
（2）D . 考查名词及语境理解。A. performances 表现； B. backgrounds 背景；C.scores 得分；D. failures 失败。根据上文的achievements以及连词or可知，这里应该和achievement相对，意为：我总是很在意别人对我的成就或失败的看法。故选择D．
（3）D. 考查名词及语境理解。A. problem 问题； B. desire 欲望、渴望；C. way 方式、方法；D. promise 承诺。根据下文的不定式to可知，这里所需要的单词应该可以和to构成搭配one's desire to do sth.，意为：某人渴望做某事．我总是很在意别人对我的成就或失败的看法。故选择D．
（4）A. 考查动词及语境理解。A. controlling 控制； B. checking 检查；C. collecting 收集、采集；D. balancing 平衡。根据上文的try to diet，以及下文内容可知作者只吃一点点东西。意思是我开始节食控制食物。故选择A.
（5）A. 考查动词及语境理解。A.killing 杀死；B. forgetting 忘记； C. asking 询问、要求；D. questioning 质疑。根据下文倒数第二段的内容可知，作者差点心脏病发作，可知作者这样节食无异于慢性自杀。故选择A．
（6）D. 考查动词及语境理解。A. help 帮助；B. accept 接受； C. reject 拒绝；D.notice 注意。根据下文的They said with concern."You're losing too much weight."可知周围的人们担心我，故他们是注意到了我的减肥。所以选择D．
（7）A. 考查名词及语境理解。A. perfection 完美；B. devotion 投入、奉献； C. ambition 野心； D. attention 注意力。根据第一段的I spent much time trying to achieve perfection in every aspect of my life以及上一段的I felt great﹣attractive and successful，almost superhuman.I even thought that I was better thaneveryone else.可知作者认为这样做会越来越完美，故选择A．
（8）C. 考查名词及语境理解。A. strength 力气； B. exercise 运动、练习；C. appearance 外表； D.examination 检查、考试。根据上文的In the beginning，I felt great﹣attractive and successful可知，作者觉得这样很吸引人。指作者认为外表是最重要的。故选择C．
（9）A. 考查动词及语境理解。A. believing 认为、相信；B. realizing 明白、意识；C.pretending 假装；D.declaring 宣称。根据上一句可知，作者认为外表是最重要的，也就是说作者认为这是走向成功的道路。故选择A．
（10）C. 考查名词及语境理解。A. expense 花费、费用；B. movement 运动；C.food 食物； D. travel 旅游。根据上文可知作者在控制食物的摄取，而且作者瘦了之后很迷人，故选择C，指作者减少了食物的摄取量。故选择C．
（11）C. 考查形容词及语境理解。A. pleasant 愉悦的； B. difficult困难的；C. typical 平常的、典型的；D.different 不同的。 根据上文可知，作者开始逐渐减少食物，直到每天早晨只吃半匙无脂酸奶和咖啡，晚上只吃一点葡萄。这是每天的食物，故选择C.
（12）B. 考查名词及语境理解。A. memory 记忆；B. nutrition 营养；C. knowledge知识； D. taste 味道。根据上文可知，每天只吃一点东西，由此判断作者的营养不良．故选择B.
（13）C．考查名词及语境理解。 A. weight重量； B. hope希望； C. sleep 睡眠；D. heart 心脏。根据下文的Then one night，like many nights before，I couldn't sleep可知，作者睡不着．意为缺少睡眠。故选择C.
（14）A. 考查动词及语境理解。 A. relax 休闲、放松；B.walk 走路；C. cry 哭泣；D. talk 谈话、交谈。根据上文可知，作者的心脏仿佛要跳了出来。故此时作者想要放松。所以选择A．
（15）A.考查动词及语境理解。A. breathe 呼吸；B. resist 抵制； C. wake 醒来；D. remember 记得、记住．根据上文的描述可知，作者心脏跳动加速，故根据常识判断，作者此时无法呼吸．所以选择A．
（16）A. 考查形容词及语境理解。A. scared 害怕的； B. annoyed 生气的；C. discouraged 灰心的、沮丧的；D.disappointed 失望的。根据上文内容可知，作者已经无法站立，故此时她心中感到害怕。所以选择A．
（17）B. 考查名词及语境理解。A. bed 床； B. hospital 医院；C. school 学校；D. office 办公室。根据下文的It took a lot﹣doctors，nurses，nutritionists，可知，作者被送到了医院，故选择B．
（18）C.考查名词及语境理解。A. glory 荣耀、光荣； B. discovery 发现； C. recovery 康复； D. victory 胜利。根据上文可知作者被送到了医院，再根据下文的It took a lot﹣doctors，nurses，nutritionists，food supplements…可知，作者在慢慢地康复。故选择C．
（19）C. 考查名词及语境理解。 A. skill 技能； B. decision 决定；C.experience 经历；D. deal 交易。根据上文内容可知，这是作者追求完美的一次经历，故选择C．
（20）D. 考查名词及语境理解。A. whole 整个；B. face 脸；C. mind 思想； D.outside 外在。根据下文的I had sacrificed who I was on the inside.可知，作者认为自己牺牲了内在，再根据上文可知，作者在追求外在美，意为：在我想去追求外在美的经历中，我牺牲了自己的内在。故选D.
第二节 （共1小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
【答案】
to improve,are,walking,length,to,surely,better,which,it,helpful
【考点】
说明文语法填空
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文，说明了规律的体育锻炼和运动带来的益处。
【解答】
（1）to improve.考查动词不定式。句意：有规律的锻炼可以增加身体的能量消耗，同时也是提高你一天工作效率和注意力的好方法。improve提高，是动词，此处缺少动词不定式结构to do作way"方法"的后置定语。故填to improve.
（2）are.考查主谓一致。句意：由于锻炼而产生的能量水平的增加也可能导致一整天都有更积极的习惯，比如走楼梯而不是电梯，或者走路和同事说话而不是发邮件。分析句子成分可知，空处为句子的谓语be动词。主语为levels，名词复数形式，全文用一般现在时陈述，be动词形式应该是are。故填are.
（3）walking.考查动名词。句意：由于锻炼而产生的能量水平的增加也可能导致一整天都有更积极的习惯，比如走楼梯而不是电梯，或者走路和同事说话而不是发邮件。or后一空与such as后taking为并列成分，此处也要用walk的动名词形式walking。故填walking.
（4）length.考查名词。句意：体育活动可以帮助我们改善睡眠的长度和质量，这将反过来有助于我们的健康和幸福。空处与quality作动词improve的并列宾语，用long的对应名词length"长度"。故填length.
（5）to.考查介词。句意：体育活动可以帮助我们改善睡眠的长度和质量，这将反过来有助于我们的健康和幸福。make contributions to…为固定搭配，意思为：有助于…，为…做出贡献。故填to.
（6）surely.考查副词。句意：质量当然比数量更重要。此空放在形容词比较级more important前要用副词进行修饰，sure的副词形式为surely。故填surely.
（7）better.考查副词比较级。句意：有规律的体育活动作为一种分散注意力的技巧，可以帮助我们更好地管理生活中的压力。此空放在much后且根据句意，要用副词well的比较级形式better。故填better.
（8）which.考查定语从句关系词。句意：正如所讨论的，运动可以帮助你获得一个更积极的前景和提高睡眠质量，这两者在管理压力方面都很重要。本句为非限制性定语从句，先行词为 a more positive outlook as well as improving sleep quality两种好处，作定语从句的主语，放在介词of后，用which引导。故填which.
（9）it.考查代词。句意：此外，人们认为运动可以帮助提高我们激活大脑和神经系统控制中心的能力，这在我们处于压力时非常有用。观察句子可知，"that exercise can help to improve our ability to activate the control centers in our brain and the nervous system"部分为主语从句部分，空处要用形式主语it指代。故填it.
（10）helpful.考查形容词。句意：此外，人们认为运动可以帮助提高我们激活大脑和神经系统控制中心的能力，这在我们处于压力时非常有用。空处放在is very后，用形容词作表语，help的对应形容词为helpful"有用的"。故填helpful.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分10分）第一节 短文改错（共1小题；每小题10分，满分10分）
【答案】
There are a lot ∧researches showing that when we are kind to others，they become happier. In a sense， giving is much more better than receiving. If you spend time practice three acts of kindness each day， you will improve your level of happiness， especial if you practice such kindness often. An act of kindness can be as simple as holding the door open for someone， buy a classmate a favorite drink in the morning or giving moneys to charity. You can also call someone in need and offered a friendly ear. It is also an useful choice for you to cook a delicious meal for the family despite being tiring.
详解
1. 1ot 后加of. 考查固定搭配。句意：有很多研究表明，当我们善待他人时，我们会变得更快乐。a lot of表示"许多…"， 修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词，故在lot后加of.
2. they改为we. 考查代词。句意：有很多研究表明，当我们善待他人时，我们会变得更快乐。when we are kind to others的主语是we，根据前后逻辑及语意，后面的主语也应该是we，故they改为we.
3.去掉more. 考查比较级。句意：在某种意义上，给予比接受更好。better 是good的比较级，要修饰better，用程度副词much即可，不用再在前面加more，故去掉more.
4. practice改为practicing. 考查动名词。句意：如果你每天花时间做三件善事，你就会提高自己的幸福水平，特别是如果你.经常做善事。spend some time （in） doing sth.表示"花时间做某事"，故practice改为practicing.
5. especial改为especially. 考查副词。句意：如果你每天花时间做三件善事，你就会提高自己的幸福水平，特别是如果你经常做善事。if引导的条件状语从句，修饰句子需要用副词作状语，故especial改为especially.
6. buy改为buying. 考查动名词。句意：善举可以很简单，比如为别人开门，早上给同学买一杯喜欢的饮料，或者给慈善机构捐钱。根据前面的holding和后面的giving可知，buy应该也用动名词作宾语，故buy改为buying.
7. moneys改为money. 考查名词。句意：善举可以很简单，比如为别人开门，早上给同学买一杯喜欢的饮料，或者给慈善机构捐钱。money是不可数名词，没有复数形式，故moneys改为money.
8. offered改为offer. 考查谓语动词。句意：你也可以给有需要的人打电话，友好地倾听。情态动词can后接动词原形，and连接的是两个并列动作，故offered改为offer.
9.an改为a. 考查冠词。句意：为家人做一顿美味的饭菜，即使很累，也是一个有用的选择。useful虽然是以元音字母u开头，但是这里的u是发辅音/ju：/，故an改为a.
10. tiring改为tired.考查形容词。句意：为家人做一顿美味的饭菜，即使很累，也是一个有用的选择。despite being…的主语是you，人作主语，用tired， 故tiring改为tired.
【考点】
记叙文短文改错
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。介绍了在某种意义上，给予比接受更好，并列举了三件可以做的善事以此来提高自己的幸福水平。
【解答】
There are a lot ∧researches showing that when we are kind to others，they become happier. In a sense， giving is much more better than receiving. If you spend time practice three acts of kindness each day， you will improve your level of happiness， especial if you practice such kindness often. An act of kindness can be as simple as holding the door open for someone， buy a classmate a favorite drink in the morning or giving moneys to charity. You can also call someone in need and offered a friendly ear. It is also an useful choice for you to cook a delicious meal for the family despite being tiring.
详解
1. 1ot 后加of. 考查固定搭配。句意：有很多研究表明，当我们善待他人时，我们会变得更快乐。a lot of表示"许多…"， 修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词，故在lot后加of.
2. they改为we. 考查代词。句意：有很多研究表明，当我们善待他人时，我们会变得更快乐。when we are kind to others的主语是we，根据前后逻辑及语意，后面的主语也应该是we，故they改为we.
3.去掉more. 考查比较级。句意：在某种意义上，给予比接受更好。better 是good的比较级，要修饰better，用程度副词much即可，不用再在前面加more，故去掉more.
4. practice改为practicing. 考查动名词。句意：如果你每天花时间做三件善事，你就会提高自己的幸福水平，特别是如果你.经常做善事。spend some time （in） doing sth.表示"花时间做某事"，故practice改为practicing.
5. especial改为especially. 考查副词。句意：如果你每天花时间做三件善事，你就会提高自己的幸福水平，特别是如果你经常做善事。if引导的条件状语从句，修饰句子需要用副词作状语，故especial改为especially.
6. buy改为buying. 考查动名词。句意：善举可以很简单，比如为别人开门，早上给同学买一杯喜欢的饮料，或者给慈善机构捐钱。根据前面的holding和后面的giving可知，buy应该也用动名词作宾语，故buy改为buying.
7. moneys改为money. 考查名词。句意：善举可以很简单，比如为别人开门，早上给同学买一杯喜欢的饮料，或者给慈善机构捐钱。money是不可数名词，没有复数形式，故moneys改为money.
8. offered改为offer. 考查谓语动词。句意：你也可以给有需要的人打电话，友好地倾听。情态动词can后接动词原形，and连接的是两个并列动作，故offered改为offer.
9.an改为a. 考查冠词。句意：为家人做一顿美味的饭菜，即使很累，也是一个有用的选择。useful虽然是以元音字母u开头，但是这里的u是发辅音/ju：/，故an改为a.
10. tiring改为tired.考查形容词。句意：为家人做一顿美味的饭菜，即使很累，也是一个有用的选择。despite being…的主语是you，人作主语，用tired， 故tiring改为tired.
第二节 书面表达 （满分25分）
【答案】
Dear Linda，
How is everything going？ I'm writing to sincerely invite you to participate in the training course of Chinese folk dance organized by our school. The details are as follows.（写信目的）
With the intention of adding fun to our school life， as well as arousing our interest in folk culture， this training course is offered as a perfect opportunity to experience the beauty of dance in person. 【高分句型一】By attending the course once a week， you will be able to not only shape your body， but also have a better understanding of Chinese culture. What's more， there will be various kinds of activities to enjoy， such as appreciating dance masters' performances， attending lectures themed folk dance， to name a few. I guarantee that once you come， you will never regret.【高分句型二】（活动介绍）
Your early reply will be highly appreciated.（期待回复）
Yours，
Li Hua
【考点】
提纲类
【解析】
高分句型一：With the intention of adding fun to our school life， as well as arousing our interest in folk culture， this training course is offered as a perfect opportunity to experience the beauty of dance in person.
译文：为了给我们的学校生活增添乐趣，同时激发我们对民间文化的兴趣，我们提供了一个亲身体验舞蹈之美的绝佳机会。
分析：这句话使用With the intention of意为"意图是"。
高分句型二：I guarantee that once you come， you will never regret.
译文：我保证一旦你来了，你永远不会后悔。
分析：这句话使用that引导宾语从句，once引导条件状语从句。
【解答】
Dear Linda，
How is everything going？ I'm writing to sincerely invite you to participate in the training course of Chinese folk dance organized by our school. The details are as follows.（写信目的）
With the intention of adding fun to our school life， as well as arousing our interest in folk culture， this training course is offered as a perfect opportunity to experience the beauty of dance in person. 【高分句型一】By attending the course once a week， you will be able to not only shape your body， but also have a better understanding of Chinese culture. What's more， there will be various kinds of activities to enjoy， such as appreciating dance masters' performances， attending lectures themed folk dance， to name a few. I guarantee that once you come， you will never regret.【高分句型二】（活动介绍）
Your early reply will be highly appreciated.（期待回复）
Yours，
Li Hua
2020-2021学年某校高三（上）期中英语试卷
阅读理解（本大题共 20 小题，每小题 2 分，共 40 分）第一节 （共4小题；每小题6分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
1. Explore the villages around Hartbridge
Many visitors came to Hartbridge to see wonderful art galleries, museums and fantastic parks. This brochure will tell you what you can see if you take a short bus ride out of the city.
Camberwell
The historic village of Camberwell was once the home of the wealthy Hugo family, who lived in a huge country house, Camberwell Court, and owned all the land in the area. You can spend a whole day walking around the house and gardens and there is a small exhibition about the family, a children's play area, a gift shop and a restaurant.
Hidcot
Hidcot is situated on the river Owell. Visitors should go to the Nature Park to the south of the village, where there are large numbers of rare birds and flowers. In Hidcot, you can take a two﹣hour river cruise to see the countryside and learn about the local wildlife from a guide, or hire a boat and explore the river at your leisure.
Tatterbridge
The village was home of the children's writer Jane Potter, whose stories of Benjamin Bear are loved by adults and children around the world. Jane Potter's home is now a museum and is well worth a visit just for its wonderful gardens. Lovers of Jane Potter's books should also walk to the Green Valley woods, which have not changed since Jane Potter wrote her stories there 100 years ago.
Moordale
It is the highest mountain in the area, where many industries grew up, including the coal industry, a paper factory and a cotton factory, all of which closed down in the 19th century. If you walk from the village center up the hill to the north, you can still see the paths where horses used to carry the coal. There is a four﹣mile walk around the village which has some amazing views.
（1）Which village may have greater attractions for bird lovers？________
A. Hidcot. B. Moordale. C. Camberwell. D. Tatterbridge.．
（2）What do Camberwell and Tatterbridge have in common？________
A. They run some wonderful children's bookshops.
B. They are the hometowns of some famous writers.
C. They provide visitors with views of historic houses.
D. They are well﹣known for their newly created gardens.．
（3）What do we know about Moordale？________
A. It used to be an industrial village.
B. It is the flattest village of the four.
C. It has won popularity for its cotton fields.
D. It is a perfect place for people to ride horses.．
2. If you like to spend your time up to your elbows in dirt and have the ability to grow plants that don't wither and die, you may have been told you have a green thumb. This is not a medical emergency, but a slang term meant to show one's natural talent for gardening. But where did the phrase come from?
Both green thumb and green fingers have been common expressions in England and the United States for well over a century, with the Oxford English Dictionary citing use of green fingers as early as 1906 from the novel The Misses make﹣believe by Mary Stuart Boyd. Green thumb, meanwhile, was used first in 1937 Ironwood Daily Globe newspaper article, which described the phrase as gardening slang.
There are several stories about its origins. Some believe it is a result of growing potted plants, which can often have green algae（藻）on the underside that coat hands. Others point to a story about King Edward I and his love of green peas, which were shelled by subservient workers ﹣one would be honoured for doing the most work and having the greenest thumb. There is also the fact that plants contain chorophyll（叶绿素）which can easily discolour your hands.
However the phrase was cultivated, we have a pretty good idea of how it caught on. In the 1940s, wartime Britain enjoyed a popular gardening radio show titled In Your Garden hosted by C.H. Middleton that made use of both green thumb and green fingers.
Why, then, is the phrase focused more on the thumb when all of your fingers are likely to get discoloured? It might have something to do with an old English proverb: "An honest miller（磨坊主）has a golden thumb." The quality of corn flour could be judged by rubbing it between the forefinger and thumb. Mixed together in the collective consciousness, these two expressions may have resulted in the green thumb we hear about today.
（1）What can we learn about the two slang terms from paragraph 2？________
A. They have different meanings at first.
B. Green thumb was preferred by Americans.
C. They were first included in English dictionaries.
D. Green fingers appeared earlier in written history.．
（2）The stories about the sources of green thumb are all related to________.
A. chlorophyll in plants
B. King Edward I's hobby
C. the green algae that grow on pots
D. King Edward I's skilled gardeners．
（3）Why is "thumb" used in the slang "green thumb" rather than other fingers？________
A. The thumb is raised to show praise.
B. "Thumb" is often used in English sayings.
C. People connect the phrase with the "golden thumb".
D. People think other fingers are useless in gardening.．
（4）What is the best title for the text？________
A. How did "green thumb" come to English？
B. Why do westerners prefer the finger "thumb"？
C. Why are gardeners said to have a "green thumb"？
D. Is there a relationship between "green thumb" and "thumb"？．
3. Galapagos Giant tortoises（巨型陆龟）, sometimes called Gardeners of the Galapagos, are creatures of habit. In the cold dry season, the highlands of the volcanoes are covered in cloud which allows plants to grow despite the absence of rain. In the lower areas, however, plants are not available all year round. Adult tortoises thus spend the dry season in the higher areas, and go back to the lower, relatively warmer areas where there are plentiful eatable plants when the rainy season begins. The tortoises often take the same migration routes over many years in order to find perfect plants and temperatures. The timing of this migration is important for keeping their energy levels high.
Researchers used GPS to track the timing and patterns of tortoise migration over many years. They expected the migration to be timed with current environmental conditions because many other migratory animals do it that way. However, tortoise migration is weakly related to current conditions such as rain and temperature. It is unclear at this point whether they are basing their migration decisions on memories of past conditions or if they are simply incorrectly assessing current local conditions.
Luckily, probably because of their long lives of up to 100 years and large body size, bad timing of migration has smaller effects on giant tortoises compared to small, short﹣lived animals. Giant tortoises can go up to a year without eating and survive, while other migratory animals might eat more often to keep their energy levels high.
Giant tortoises are important ecosystem engineers in the Galapagos, and their migration is key to the survival of many plants. How the difference in tortoises' migration time will affect the rest of the ecosystem is still unclear. It is quite possible that the mistiming of migration will keep increasing in the future. "One concern is that at some point in the future, " says Bastille﹣Rousseau, lead author of the study, "migration may not be a perfect strategy for tortoises. There may be a reduction in the number of tortoises doing these long travels. This would likely have great effects on the whole ecosystem."
（1）What do we know about Galapagos giant tortoises？________
A. They prefer low temperatures.
B. They like living in the highlands.
C. They always hate the rainy season.
D. They seldom change migration routes.．
（2）What have researchers found out about the timing of giant tortoise migration？________
A. The weather has much to do with it.
B. It disagrees with current conditions.
C. The research has strong effects on it.
D. It is decided by the tortoises' memories.．
（3）What might help giant tortoises survive the migration at the wrong time？________
A. Their restless energy.
B. Their different body shape.
C. Their habit of eating healthily.
D. Their ability to go without food.．
（4）What can we infer from Bastille﹣Rousseau's words？________
A. Migration is the only choice for giant tortoises in the future.
B. Damage to the ecosystem will reduce the number of giant tortoises.
C. Giant tortoise migration plays a major role in Galapagos' ecosystem.
D. Giant tortoises protect the ecosystem by their different migration time.．
4. Artificial Intelligence（AI）advice is as influential as humans', but positive crowd views still overpower.
In a study, researchers found that machines that make recommendations ﹣or AI experts ﹣ were as influential as human experts when the AI experts recommended which photo users should add to their online business profiles. However, both AI and human experts failed to ________ if their feedback was negative and went against popular views among other users, said S. Shyam Sundar, a professor of Media Effects.
Because people are increasingly using social media to look for feedback, studies suggest that expert opinions and the bandwagon effect（从众效应） may be important factors in influencing decisions. According to Jinping Wang, a doctoral candidate in mass communication and first author of the study. "Nowadays, we often turn to online platforms for opinions from other people ﹣like our peers and experts﹣ before making a decision, " said Wang. AI experts are often less expensive than human experts and they can also work 24 hours a day, which, Wang suggests, might make them appealing to online businesses.
The researchers also found that the AI's group status（群体地位） ﹣ in this case, national origin was pointed out ﹣ did not seem to affect a person's acceptance of its recommendation. Among human experts, however, an expert from a similar national origin who offered a negative opinion of a photograph tended to be more influential than a human expert from an unknown country who offered a similar negative rating of a photograph.
While findings that suggest group status may not affect whether a person values the view of AI experts sound like good news, Sundar suggests that the same cultural biases（偏见）might still be at work in AI experts for they could be hidden in the programming and training data.
"It can be both good ﹣ and bad ﹣ because it all depends on what you feed AI, " said Sundar. "While it is good to believe in AI's ability to transcend（超越）cultural biases, we have to keep in mind that if you train the AI on pictures from one culture, they could give misleading recommendations on pictures meant for use in other cultural contexts."
（1）What do the underlined words "budge them" in paragraph 2 mean？________
A. Raise their spirits. B. Satisfy their needs.
C. Change their ideas. D. Fire their imagination.．
（2）Why do users often turn to AI experts？________
A. AI experts are more knowledgeable.
B. AI experts are on hand and cost less.
C. AI experts are less influenced by feelings.
D. AI experts are so new as to be more attractive.．
（3）Which expert's negative assessments is a person more likely to believe？________
A. An expert who has great achievements in arts.
B. An expert with better personality and attitude.
C. A foreign expert who is very popular worldwide.
D. An expert from countries with similar cultures to his.．
（4）What did Sundar mean by the last paragraph？________
A. People should have a mind of their own.
B. People should be able to tell good from bad.
C. People should know AI's hidden cultural biases.
D. People should be trained how to use AI properly.．
第二节 （共1小题；每小题10分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Doctors have successfully kept a heart beating in a container for 24 hours，bringing hope to thousands of patients across the world in need of a life﹣saving transplant.
（1）_______However，the "game﹣changing" device can preserve a heart up to six times longer than existing methods. It provides the heart with oxygen and vital nutrients， allowing more time to transport it.
The device， named ULiSSES，fits into a carry﹣on box， so hearts can be flown around the world.（2）_______And it is expected to cost under ＄100，000. University of Texas researchers have successfully tested on pig hearts， which are similar to ours.（3）_______
Dr. Rafael Veraza presented the findings on pig hearts at the annual meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science in Seattle.
"（4）_______ Many years later，it is done much the same way，" Dr. Veraza said. "Donated hearts generally remain viable（可存活的）for around four hours using traditional preservation methods.（5）_______Being able to keep a heart viable for 24 hours means you could transport it almost anywhere in the world，and this could save many lives."
A.It is expected to come into use soon.
B.The extra time could bring more hope to patients.
C.Usually， a donated heart can only last about four hours.
D.It works without being affected by temperature or air pressure.
E.The pig hearts remained viable for 24 hours after they were removed.
F.The first heart was transported more than 50 years ago by putting it on ice.
G.They plan to test it on human hearts in three months and put it on the market within a year.
第三部分 语言知识运用 （共两节，满分30分）第一节 完型填空 （共1小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Each of us struggles for self﹣respect and self﹣worth to some degree. I spent much time trying to achieve perfection in every aspect of my life.
I was a happy kid with a lot of friends and a supportive family. But growing up was really（1）_______and even scary sometimes.
During my childhood, I was constantly involved in something that included people's views about my achievements or my（2）_______. I wanted everyone's praise and acceptance, but I was my own toughest critic（挑剔的人）.
After I graduated from high school, my（3）_______to be "thin" began to trouble me. I began trying to diet by（4）_______ my food.
In the beginning, I felt great ﹣ attractive and successful, almost superhuman. I even thought that I was better than everyone else. What I didn't see was that I was slowly（5）_______myself.
People around me began to（6）_______my weight loss. They said with concern. "You're losing too much weight." "Elisa, you're so thin." All their words only suggested that I was getting closer to "（7）_______".
Sadly, I took my physical（8）_______as the first important thing in my life, （9）_______that it was the way to become successful and accepted.
Then I cut down on my（10）_______ more and more, until a（11）_______day consisting of half a teaspoon of nonfat yogurt in the morning and a cup of grape juice at night.
But my poor（12）_______ began to cause me to lose（13）_______. Then one night, like many nights before, I couldn't sleep, and felt as though my heart might beat out of my chest. I tried to（14）_______, but I couldn't. The beating became so rapid and so strong that I could no longer（15）_______. What I had done to diet nearly caused me to have a heart attack. I stood up, and immediately fell down. I was really（16）_______, and I knew I needed help. My roommate rushed me to the（17）_______, and then I began the long road to my（18）_______. It took a lot ﹣ doctors, nurses, nutritionists, food supplements…
And more importantly, a sense of what was true about myself got my life back on track with reality. I realized that, with my（19）_______ of trying to be "perfect" on the （20）_______, I had sacrificed who I was on the inside. What I know now is, we are ﹣ each and every one of us ﹣ already perfect.
（1）
A.natural B.. easy C.. hard D.. rapid
（2）
A.performances B.. backgrounds C.. scores D.. failures
（3）
A.problem B.. desire C.. way D.. promise
（4）
A.controlling B.. checking C.. collecting D.. balancing
（5）
A.killing B.. forgetting C.. asking D.. questioning
（6）
A.help B.. accept C.. reject D.. notice
（7）
A.perfection B.. devotion C.. ambition D.. attention
（8）
A.strength B.. exercise C.. appearance D.. examination
（9）
A.believing B.. realizing C.. pretending D.. declaring
（10）
A.expense B.. movement C.. food D.. travel
（11）
A.pleasant B.. difficult C.. typical D.. different
（12）
A.memory B.. nutrition C.. knowledge D.. taste
（13）
A.weight B.. hope C.. sleep D.. heart
（14）
A.relax B.. walk C.. cry D.. talk
（15）
A.breathe B.. resist C.. wake D.. remember
（16）
A.scared B.. annoyed C.. discouraged D.. disappointed
（17）
A.bed B.. hospital C.. school D.. office
（18）
A.glory B.. discovery C.. recovery D.. victory
（19）
A.skill B.. decision C.. experience D.. deal
（20）
A.whole B.. face C.. mind D.. outside
第二节 （共1小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Regular exercise can increase your body's energy consumption and it is also a great way（1）________（improve）your productivity and mental focus throughout the day. The increased energy levels that occur as a result of exercise（2）________（be）also likely to lead to more active habits throughout the day，such as taking the stairs rather than the lift，or（3）________（walk）to speak to workmates instead of emailing. This increased activity will then bring physical and mental benefits.
Physical activity can help us to improve the （4）________（long）and the quality of our sleep，which will in turn make further contributions（5）________our health and well being. While there is no absolute figure we should aim for in terms of sleep time，most people will find that they fall somewhere between six to nine hours a night. Quality is（6）________（sure）more important than quantity.
Regular physical activity can help us to manage life's stress much（7）________（well） as a distraction technique. As discussed，exercise can help you achieve a more positive outlook as well as improving sleep quality，both of（8）________ are important in managing stress. Also，（9）________ is thought that exercise can help to improve our ability to activate the control centers in our brain and the nervous system，which is very（10）________（help）when we are under stress.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分10分）第一节 短文改错（共1小题；每小题10分，满分10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
There are a lot researches showing that when we are kind to others，they become happier. In a sense， giving is much more better than receiving. If you spend time practice three acts of kindness each day， you will improve your level of happiness， especial if you practice such kindness often. An act of kindness can be as simple as holding the door open for someone， buy a classmate a favorite drink in the morning or giving moneys to charity. You can also call someone in need and offered a friendly ear. It is also an useful choice for you to cook a delicious meal for the family despite being tiring.
第二节 书面表达 （满分25分）
假定你是李华，想邀请你的交换生朋友Linda参加学校举办的中国民族舞培训班，请你给她写封邮件，内容包括：
1.写信目的；
2.活动介绍；
3.期待回复。
注意：
1.词数100左右；
2.开头和结尾已经给出，但不计入总词数；
3.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Linda，
_________
Yours，
Li Hua
参考答案与试题解析
2020-2021学年某校高三（上）期中英语试卷
阅读理解（本大题共 20 小题，每小题 2 分，共 40 分）第一节 （共4小题；每小题6分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
1.
【答案】
A
C
A
【考点】
应用文阅读
广告布告类阅读
【解析】
这是一篇应用文。文章详细介绍了哈特布里奇周围的村庄。
【解答】
（1）A. 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句"Visitors should go to the Nature Park to the south of the village， where there are large numbers of rare birds and flowers. "（游客应该去村子南边的自然公园，那里有大量的珍稀鸟类和花卉。）可知，Hidcot可能对鸟类爱好者有更大的吸引力。故选A.
（2）C. 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句"The historic village of Camberwell was once the home of the wealthy Hugo family， who lived in a huge country house， Camberwell Court， and owned all the land in the area. "（历史悠久的坎伯韦尔村曾经是富有的雨果家族的家，他们住在坎伯韦尔庄园的一幢巨大的乡间别墅里，拥有该地区所有的土地。）和第四段"The village was home of the children's writer Jane Potter， whose stories of Benjamin Bear are loved by adults and children around the world. Jane Potter's home is now a museum and is well worth a visit just for its wonderful gardens. Lovers of Jane Potter's books should also walk to the Green Valley woods， which have not changed since Jane Potter wrote her stories there 100 years ago."（这个村庄是儿童作家简•波特的家乡，她写的本杰明熊的故事深受全世界成年人和儿童的喜爱。简•波特的家现在是一个博物馆，光是它奇妙的花园就很值得一看。喜欢简•波特小说的人也应该去绿谷森林走走，自从100年前简•波特在那里写下她的故事以来，这里从未改变过。）可知，这两座山庄都有历史遗迹。故选C.
（3）A. 细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句"It is the highest mountain in the area， where many industries grew up， including the coal industry， a paper factory and a cotton factory， all of which closed down in the 19th century. "（这是该地区最高的山，许多工业都在这里发展起来，包括煤炭厂、造纸厂和棉纺厂，所有这些都在19世纪关闭了。）可知，Moordale曾经是一座工业村庄。故选A.
2.
【答案】
D
A
C
C
【考点】
历史文化类阅读
说明文阅读
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文，讲述了"green thumb"这一短语的由来，及园艺师被称为"green thumb"的原因。
【解答】
（1）D．细节理解题。根据文章第二段"with the Oxford English Dictionary citing use of green fingers as early as 1906 from the novel The Misses make﹣believe by Mary Stuart Boyd. Green thumb， meanwhile， was used first in 1937 Ironwood Daily Globe newspaper article，"（早在1906年，《牛津英语词典》就引用了玛丽•斯图尔特•博伊德的小说《假装小姐》中的"绿手指"一词。"绿拇指"一词最早出现在1937年《铁木日报环球报》的一篇文章中，）可知，在有文字记载的历史中，"绿手指"出现得更早。故选D项。
（2）A．细节理解题。根据文章第三段" Others point to a story about King Edward I and his love of green peas， which were shelled by subservient workers﹣one would be honoured for doing the most work and having the greenest thumb. There is also the fact that plants contain chorophyll which can easily discolour your hands."（还有人提到一个关于爱德华一世国王和他对绿豌豆的热爱的故事，这些豌豆被卑躬屈节的工人剥去了壳﹣﹣一个人会因为做了最多的工作和拥有最绿的拇指而被授予荣誉。还有一个事实是，植物含有叶绿素，很容易让你的手变色。）可知，关于"绿拇指"来源的故事都与植物中的叶绿素有关。故选A项。
（3）C．细节理解题。根据文章第五段"It might have something to do with an old English proverb： "An honest miller （磨坊主） has a golden thumb." "（这可能与一句古老的英国谚语有关："诚实的磨坊主拥有黄金拇指。"）可知，在俚语中"绿拇指"中拇指被使用而不是其他手指，是因为人们把这个词与金拇指联系在一起。故选C项。
（4）C．标题判断题。根据文章第一段If you like to spend your time up to your elbows in dirt and have the ability to grow plants that don't wither and die， you may have been told you have a green thumb."But where did the phrase come from？"（如果你喜欢把时间花在泥土中，并且有能力种植不会枯萎和死亡的植物，你可能会被告知你有特殊园艺才能，但是这个短语是从哪里来的呢？）及最后一段"Why， then， is the phrase focused more on the thumb when all of your fingers are likely to get discoloured？ It might have something to do with an old English proverb： "An honest miller has a golden thumb.""（那么，为什么当你所有的手指都有可能变色的时候，这个短语却更侧重于拇指呢？这可能与一句古老的英国谚语有关："诚实的磨坊主拥有黄金拇指。"）可知，文章主要讲述了园艺师被称为"绿拇指"的原因。所以短文的最佳标题为"为什么说园艺师被称为"green thumb"？故选C项。
3.
【答案】
D
B
D
C
【考点】
说明文阅读
科教类阅读
【解析】
本文是一篇科教类阅读，主要讲述了巨大的加拉帕戈斯陆龟是濒危动物的典型。它们濒临灭绝是因为野生山羊吃了它们食物，破坏了它们的栖息地。这促使自然资源保护者采取行动，帮助它们。
【解答】
（1）D.细节理解题。根据第一段The tortoises often take the same migration routes over many years in order to find perfect plants and temperatures. （多年来，为了找到完美的植物和温度，乌龟经常走同样的迁徙路线）可知，巨大的加拉帕戈斯陆龟很少改变迁徙路线，故选D.
（2）B.细节理解题。根据第二段However， tortoise migration is weakly related to current conditions such as rain and temperature. （然而，龟类的迁移与当前条件如降雨和温度的关系不大）可知，研究发现，巨大的加拉帕戈斯陆龟的迁徙时间和当前天气情况不一致，故选B.
（3）D.细节理解题。根据第三段Giant tortoises can go up to a year without eating and survive， while other migratory animals might eat more often to keep their energy levels high. （巨型陆龟可以在一年不进食的情况下生存下来，而其他迁徙动物可能会吃得更多，以保持较高的能量水平）可知，不吃食物的能力使巨大的加拉帕戈斯陆龟在错误的迁徙时间存活下来，故选D.
（4）C.推理判断题。根据最后一段migration may not be a perfect strategy for tortoises. There may be a reduction in the number of tortoises doing these long travels. This would likely have great effects on the whole ecosystem."（对陆龟来说，迁徙可能不是一个完美的策略。进行这些长途旅行的龟的数量可能会减少。这可能会对整个生态系统产生巨大的影响）可知，巨大陆龟的迁徙对加拉帕戈斯生态起到主要的作用，故选C.
4.
【答案】
C
B
D
C
【考点】
说明文阅读
科教类阅读
【解析】
本文是一篇科教类阅读，主要讲述了在进行推荐建议时，AI专家和人类专家的影响力一样有效。AI专家由于便捷性、低成本受到广泛欢迎，但我们不应该忘记其中隐藏的文化偏见，这取决于人类如何灌输和训练。
【解答】
（1）C.词义猜测题。根据文章第二段In a study， researchers found that machines that make recommendations﹣or AI experts﹣were as influential as human experts when the AI experts recommended which photo users should add to their online business profiles. （在一项研究中，研究人员发现，当人工智能专家建议哪些照片用户应该添加到他们的在线商业资料中时，提出建议的机器﹣﹣或人工智能专家﹣﹣的影响力与人类专家一样大）；以及However…if their feedback was negative and went against popular views among other users.（但是…如果他们的反馈是负面的，并且与其他用户的流行观点相悖）可推测，当反馈是负面的情况下，人工智能和人类专家都不能做出让步，即改变不了人们的观点，A. Raise their spirits振奋精神；B. Satisfy their needs满足需求；C. Change their ideas改变想法；D. Fire their imagination激发他们的想象力，故选C.
（2）B.细节理解题。根据文章第三段AI experts are often less expensive than human experts and they can also work 24 hours a day， which， Wang suggests， might make them appealing to online businesses.（王表示，人工智能专家通常比人类专家更便宜，而且他们可以一天24小时工作，这可能会让他们对在线企业有吸引力）可知，用户经常寻求AI专家的帮助是因为AI专家便捷并且花费少，故选B.
（3）D.细节理解题。根据文章第四段Among human experts， however， an expert from a similar national origin who offered a negative opinion of a photograph tended to be more influential than a human expert from an unknown country who offered a similar negative rating of a photograph.（然而，在人类专家中，来自相似国家的专家如果对照片给出负面评价，往往比来自未知国家的专家给出相似负面评价的照片更有影响力）可推测，来自相似文化背景的专家观点更有影响力，故选D.
（4）C.推理判断题。根据文章最后一段While it is good to believe in AI's ability to transcend cultural biases， we have to keep in mind that if you train the AI on pictures from one culture， they could give misleading recommendations on pictures meant for use in other cultural contexts.（虽然相信人工智能能够超越文化偏见是件好事，但我们必须记住，如果你用一种文化的图片来训练人工智能，它们可能会对其他文化背景下使用的图片给出误导性的建议）由此判断出，Sundar 的意思是人们应该知道人工智能隐藏的文化偏见，故选C.
第二节 （共1小题；每小题10分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
【答案】
C,D,G,F,E
【考点】
说明文七选五
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文，讲述了科学家发明的一种新型"改变游戏规则"的设备，能够使人类心脏存活更久，从而救世界各地需要的人。
【解答】
（1）C．推理判断题。根据下文" However， the "game﹣changing" device can preserve a heart up to six times longer than existing methods.（然而，这个"改变游戏规则"的设备保存心脏的时间是现有方法的6倍）"可知，此空与心脏保存时间有关。C选项"Usually， a donated heart can only last about four hours."表示通常情况下，一个捐献的心脏只能保持四个小时。与后一句形成对比关系，符合此处语境。故选C项。
（2）D．细节理解题。根据上一句"The device， named ULiSSES， fits into a carry﹣on box， so hearts can be flown around the world.（这个名为ULiSSES的装置可以装在一个随身携带的盒子里，这样心脏就可以飞到世界各地）"描述心脏是如何保存并捐献到世界各地的。D选项"It works without being affected by temperature or air pressure.（它不受温度或气压的影响）"说明了这个装置的优势，与前一句有意义上的联系，符合此处语境。故选D项。
（3）G．细节理解题。前一句"University of Texas researchers have successfully tested on pig hearts， which are similar to ours."讲述科学家在猪的心脏上进行测试，并且已经成功。G选项"They plan to test it on human hearts in three months and put it on the market within a year.（他们计划在三个月内在人类心脏上进行测试，并在一年内投放市场）"表示测试的下一步，符合此处语境。故选G项。
（4）F．细节理解题。后一句"Many years later， it is done much the same way（许多年后，还是这样做的）"可知，此处描述保存心脏的方式。F选项"The first heart was transported more than 50 years ago by putting it on ice.（第一个心脏是在50多年前被放在冰上运送的）"中的"50 years ago"与"Many years later"相互对应。故选F项。
（5）E．逻辑关系题。空处前文"Donated hearts generally remain viable for around four hours using traditional preservation methods."讲述人类捐献的心脏使用传统方法可以保持4个小时；空后"Being able to keep a heart viable for 24 hours means you could transport it almost anywhere in the world， and this could save many lives."说明心脏能够保存24小时将能救助更多的生命。E选项"The pig hearts remained viable for 24 hours after they were removed.（猪的心脏在被取出后还能存活24小时）"是上文中实验研究的成果，起到承上启下的作用，符合此处语境。故选E项。
第三部分 语言知识运用 （共两节，满分30分）第一节 完型填空 （共1小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
【答案】
C
D
D
A
A
D
A
C
A
A
C
B
C
A
A
A
B
C
C
D
【考点】
人生感悟类阅读
【解析】
每个人都会努力地去找到自尊自重，希望能够实现自我价值。作者也曾经费尽心思希望自己能够在生活的各个方面都实现完美。作者为了让自己看起来很苗条很瘦，曾经控制饮食，最终差点导致心脏病。由此，作者才知道自己做了多么愚蠢的事情，其实每个人是完美的。
【解答】
（1）C. 考查形容词及语境理解。 A. natural自然的；B. easy容易的；C.hard 艰难的； D.rapid 快的。 根据下文的evenscary可知，这里作者是指成长是艰难的，故选择C．
（2）D . 考查名词及语境理解。A. performances 表现； B. backgrounds 背景；C.scores 得分；D. failures 失败。根据上文的achievements以及连词or可知，这里应该和achievement相对，意为：我总是很在意别人对我的成就或失败的看法。故选择D．
（3）D. 考查名词及语境理解。A. problem 问题； B. desire 欲望、渴望；C. way 方式、方法；D. promise 承诺。根据下文的不定式to可知，这里所需要的单词应该可以和to构成搭配one's desire to do sth.，意为：某人渴望做某事．我总是很在意别人对我的成就或失败的看法。故选择D．
（4）A. 考查动词及语境理解。A. controlling 控制； B. checking 检查；C. collecting 收集、采集；D. balancing 平衡。根据上文的try to diet，以及下文内容可知作者只吃一点点东西。意思是我开始节食控制食物。故选择A.
（5）A. 考查动词及语境理解。A.killing 杀死；B. forgetting 忘记； C. asking 询问、要求；D. questioning 质疑。根据下文倒数第二段的内容可知，作者差点心脏病发作，可知作者这样节食无异于慢性自杀。故选择A．
（6）D. 考查动词及语境理解。A. help 帮助；B. accept 接受； C. reject 拒绝；D.notice 注意。根据下文的They said with concern."You're losing too much weight."可知周围的人们担心我，故他们是注意到了我的减肥。所以选择D．
（7）A. 考查名词及语境理解。A. perfection 完美；B. devotion 投入、奉献； C. ambition 野心； D. attention 注意力。根据第一段的I spent much time trying to achieve perfection in every aspect of my life以及上一段的I felt great﹣attractive and successful，almost superhuman.I even thought that I was better thaneveryone else.可知作者认为这样做会越来越完美，故选择A．
（8）C. 考查名词及语境理解。A. strength 力气； B. exercise 运动、练习；C. appearance 外表； D.examination 检查、考试。根据上文的In the beginning，I felt great﹣attractive and successful可知，作者觉得这样很吸引人。指作者认为外表是最重要的。故选择C．
（9）A. 考查动词及语境理解。A. believing 认为、相信；B. realizing 明白、意识；C.pretending 假装；D.declaring 宣称。根据上一句可知，作者认为外表是最重要的，也就是说作者认为这是走向成功的道路。故选择A．
（10）C. 考查名词及语境理解。A. expense 花费、费用；B. movement 运动；C.food 食物； D. travel 旅游。根据上文可知作者在控制食物的摄取，而且作者瘦了之后很迷人，故选择C，指作者减少了食物的摄取量。故选择C．
（11）C. 考查形容词及语境理解。A. pleasant 愉悦的； B. difficult困难的；C. typical 平常的、典型的；D.different 不同的。 根据上文可知，作者开始逐渐减少食物，直到每天早晨只吃半匙无脂酸奶和咖啡，晚上只吃一点葡萄。这是每天的食物，故选择C.
（12）B. 考查名词及语境理解。A. memory 记忆；B. nutrition 营养；C. knowledge知识； D. taste 味道。根据上文可知，每天只吃一点东西，由此判断作者的营养不良．故选择B.
（13）C．考查名词及语境理解。 A. weight重量； B. hope希望； C. sleep 睡眠；D. heart 心脏。根据下文的Then one night，like many nights before，I couldn't sleep可知，作者睡不着．意为缺少睡眠。故选择C.
（14）A. 考查动词及语境理解。 A. relax 休闲、放松；B.walk 走路；C. cry 哭泣；D. talk 谈话、交谈。根据上文可知，作者的心脏仿佛要跳了出来。故此时作者想要放松。所以选择A．
（15）A.考查动词及语境理解。A. breathe 呼吸；B. resist 抵制； C. wake 醒来；D. remember 记得、记住．根据上文的描述可知，作者心脏跳动加速，故根据常识判断，作者此时无法呼吸．所以选择A．
（16）A. 考查形容词及语境理解。A. scared 害怕的； B. annoyed 生气的；C. discouraged 灰心的、沮丧的；D.disappointed 失望的。根据上文内容可知，作者已经无法站立，故此时她心中感到害怕。所以选择A．
（17）B. 考查名词及语境理解。A. bed 床； B. hospital 医院；C. school 学校；D. office 办公室。根据下文的It took a lot﹣doctors，nurses，nutritionists，可知，作者被送到了医院，故选择B．
（18）C.考查名词及语境理解。A. glory 荣耀、光荣； B. discovery 发现； C. recovery 康复； D. victory 胜利。根据上文可知作者被送到了医院，再根据下文的It took a lot﹣doctors，nurses，nutritionists，food supplements…可知，作者在慢慢地康复。故选择C．
（19）C. 考查名词及语境理解。 A. skill 技能； B. decision 决定；C.experience 经历；D. deal 交易。根据上文内容可知，这是作者追求完美的一次经历，故选择C．
（20）D. 考查名词及语境理解。A. whole 整个；B. face 脸；C. mind 思想； D.outside 外在。根据下文的I had sacrificed who I was on the inside.可知，作者认为自己牺牲了内在，再根据上文可知，作者在追求外在美，意为：在我想去追求外在美的经历中，我牺牲了自己的内在。故选D.
第二节 （共1小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
【答案】
to improve,are,walking,length,to,surely,better,which,it,helpful
【考点】
说明文语法填空
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文，说明了规律的体育锻炼和运动带来的益处。
【解答】
（1）to improve.考查动词不定式。句意：有规律的锻炼可以增加身体的能量消耗，同时也是提高你一天工作效率和注意力的好方法。improve提高，是动词，此处缺少动词不定式结构to do作way"方法"的后置定语。故填to improve.
（2）are.考查主谓一致。句意：由于锻炼而产生的能量水平的增加也可能导致一整天都有更积极的习惯，比如走楼梯而不是电梯，或者走路和同事说话而不是发邮件。分析句子成分可知，空处为句子的谓语be动词。主语为levels，名词复数形式，全文用一般现在时陈述，be动词形式应该是are。故填are.
（3）walking.考查动名词。句意：由于锻炼而产生的能量水平的增加也可能导致一整天都有更积极的习惯，比如走楼梯而不是电梯，或者走路和同事说话而不是发邮件。or后一空与such as后taking为并列成分，此处也要用walk的动名词形式walking。故填walking.
（4）length.考查名词。句意：体育活动可以帮助我们改善睡眠的长度和质量，这将反过来有助于我们的健康和幸福。空处与quality作动词improve的并列宾语，用long的对应名词length"长度"。故填length.
（5）to.考查介词。句意：体育活动可以帮助我们改善睡眠的长度和质量，这将反过来有助于我们的健康和幸福。make contributions to…为固定搭配，意思为：有助于…，为…做出贡献。故填to.
（6）surely.考查副词。句意：质量当然比数量更重要。此空放在形容词比较级more important前要用副词进行修饰，sure的副词形式为surely。故填surely.
（7）better.考查副词比较级。句意：有规律的体育活动作为一种分散注意力的技巧，可以帮助我们更好地管理生活中的压力。此空放在much后且根据句意，要用副词well的比较级形式better。故填better.
（8）which.考查定语从句关系词。句意：正如所讨论的，运动可以帮助你获得一个更积极的前景和提高睡眠质量，这两者在管理压力方面都很重要。本句为非限制性定语从句，先行词为 a more positive outlook as well as improving sleep quality两种好处，作定语从句的主语，放在介词of后，用which引导。故填which.
（9）it.考查代词。句意：此外，人们认为运动可以帮助提高我们激活大脑和神经系统控制中心的能力，这在我们处于压力时非常有用。观察句子可知，"that exercise can help to improve our ability to activate the control centers in our brain and the nervous system"部分为主语从句部分，空处要用形式主语it指代。故填it.
（10）helpful.考查形容词。句意：此外，人们认为运动可以帮助提高我们激活大脑和神经系统控制中心的能力，这在我们处于压力时非常有用。空处放在is very后，用形容词作表语，help的对应形容词为helpful"有用的"。故填helpful.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分10分）第一节 短文改错（共1小题；每小题10分，满分10分）
【答案】
There are a lot ∧researches showing that when we are kind to others，they become happier. In a sense， giving is much more better than receiving. If you spend time practice three acts of kindness each day， you will improve your level of happiness， especial if you practice such kindness often. An act of kindness can be as simple as holding the door open for someone， buy a classmate a favorite drink in the morning or giving moneys to charity. You can also call someone in need and offered a friendly ear. It is also an useful choice for you to cook a delicious meal for the family despite being tiring.
详解
1. 1ot 后加of. 考查固定搭配。句意：有很多研究表明，当我们善待他人时，我们会变得更快乐。a lot of表示"许多…"， 修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词，故在lot后加of.
2. they改为we. 考查代词。句意：有很多研究表明，当我们善待他人时，我们会变得更快乐。when we are kind to others的主语是we，根据前后逻辑及语意，后面的主语也应该是we，故they改为we.
3.去掉more. 考查比较级。句意：在某种意义上，给予比接受更好。better 是good的比较级，要修饰better，用程度副词much即可，不用再在前面加more，故去掉more.
4. practice改为practicing. 考查动名词。句意：如果你每天花时间做三件善事，你就会提高自己的幸福水平，特别是如果你.经常做善事。spend some time （in） doing sth.表示"花时间做某事"，故practice改为practicing.
5. especial改为especially. 考查副词。句意：如果你每天花时间做三件善事，你就会提高自己的幸福水平，特别是如果你经常做善事。if引导的条件状语从句，修饰句子需要用副词作状语，故especial改为especially.
6. buy改为buying. 考查动名词。句意：善举可以很简单，比如为别人开门，早上给同学买一杯喜欢的饮料，或者给慈善机构捐钱。根据前面的holding和后面的giving可知，buy应该也用动名词作宾语，故buy改为buying.
7. moneys改为money. 考查名词。句意：善举可以很简单，比如为别人开门，早上给同学买一杯喜欢的饮料，或者给慈善机构捐钱。money是不可数名词，没有复数形式，故moneys改为money.
8. offered改为offer. 考查谓语动词。句意：你也可以给有需要的人打电话，友好地倾听。情态动词can后接动词原形，and连接的是两个并列动作，故offered改为offer.
9.an改为a. 考查冠词。句意：为家人做一顿美味的饭菜，即使很累，也是一个有用的选择。useful虽然是以元音字母u开头，但是这里的u是发辅音/ju：/，故an改为a.
10. tiring改为tired.考查形容词。句意：为家人做一顿美味的饭菜，即使很累，也是一个有用的选择。despite being…的主语是you，人作主语，用tired， 故tiring改为tired.
【考点】
记叙文短文改错
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。介绍了在某种意义上，给予比接受更好，并列举了三件可以做的善事以此来提高自己的幸福水平。
【解答】
There are a lot ∧researches showing that when we are kind to others，they become happier. In a sense， giving is much more better than receiving. If you spend time practice three acts of kindness each day， you will improve your level of happiness， especial if you practice such kindness often. An act of kindness can be as simple as holding the door open for someone， buy a classmate a favorite drink in the morning or giving moneys to charity. You can also call someone in need and offered a friendly ear. It is also an useful choice for you to cook a delicious meal for the family despite being tiring.
详解
1. 1ot 后加of. 考查固定搭配。句意：有很多研究表明，当我们善待他人时，我们会变得更快乐。a lot of表示"许多…"， 修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词，故在lot后加of.
2. they改为we. 考查代词。句意：有很多研究表明，当我们善待他人时，我们会变得更快乐。when we are kind to others的主语是we，根据前后逻辑及语意，后面的主语也应该是we，故they改为we.
3.去掉more. 考查比较级。句意：在某种意义上，给予比接受更好。better 是good的比较级，要修饰better，用程度副词much即可，不用再在前面加more，故去掉more.
4. practice改为practicing. 考查动名词。句意：如果你每天花时间做三件善事，你就会提高自己的幸福水平，特别是如果你.经常做善事。spend some time （in） doing sth.表示"花时间做某事"，故practice改为practicing.
5. especial改为especially. 考查副词。句意：如果你每天花时间做三件善事，你就会提高自己的幸福水平，特别是如果你经常做善事。if引导的条件状语从句，修饰句子需要用副词作状语，故especial改为especially.
6. buy改为buying. 考查动名词。句意：善举可以很简单，比如为别人开门，早上给同学买一杯喜欢的饮料，或者给慈善机构捐钱。根据前面的holding和后面的giving可知，buy应该也用动名词作宾语，故buy改为buying.
7. moneys改为money. 考查名词。句意：善举可以很简单，比如为别人开门，早上给同学买一杯喜欢的饮料，或者给慈善机构捐钱。money是不可数名词，没有复数形式，故moneys改为money.
8. offered改为offer. 考查谓语动词。句意：你也可以给有需要的人打电话，友好地倾听。情态动词can后接动词原形，and连接的是两个并列动作，故offered改为offer.
9.an改为a. 考查冠词。句意：为家人做一顿美味的饭菜，即使很累，也是一个有用的选择。useful虽然是以元音字母u开头，但是这里的u是发辅音/ju：/，故an改为a.
10. tiring改为tired.考查形容词。句意：为家人做一顿美味的饭菜，即使很累，也是一个有用的选择。despite being…的主语是you，人作主语，用tired， 故tiring改为tired.
第二节 书面表达 （满分25分）
【答案】
Dear Linda，
How is everything going？ I'm writing to sincerely invite you to participate in the training course of Chinese folk dance organized by our school. The details are as follows.（写信目的）
With the intention of adding fun to our school life， as well as arousing our interest in folk culture， this training course is offered as a perfect opportunity to experience the beauty of dance in person. 【高分句型一】By attending the course once a week， you will be able to not only shape your body， but also have a better understanding of Chinese culture. What's more， there will be various kinds of activities to enjoy， such as appreciating dance masters' performances， attending lectures themed folk dance， to name a few. I guarantee that once you come， you will never regret.【高分句型二】（活动介绍）
Your early reply will be highly appreciated.（期待回复）
Yours，
Li Hua
【考点】
提纲类
【解析】
高分句型一：With the intention of adding fun to our school life， as well as arousing our interest in folk culture， this training course is offered as a perfect opportunity to experience the beauty of dance in person.
译文：为了给我们的学校生活增添乐趣，同时激发我们对民间文化的兴趣，我们提供了一个亲身体验舞蹈之美的绝佳机会。
分析：这句话使用With the intention of意为"意图是"。
高分句型二：I guarantee that once you come， you will never regret.
译文：我保证一旦你来了，你永远不会后悔。
分析：这句话使用that引导宾语从句，once引导条件状语从句。
【解答】
Dear Linda，
How is everything going？ I'm writing to sincerely invite you to participate in the training course of Chinese folk dance organized by our school. The details are as follows.（写信目的）
With the intention of adding fun to our school life， as well as arousing our interest in folk culture， this training course is offered as a perfect opportunity to experience the beauty of dance in person. 【高分句型一】By attending the course once a week， you will be able to not only shape your body， but also have a better understanding of Chinese culture. What's more， there will be various kinds of activities to enjoy， such as appreciating dance masters' performances， attending lectures themed folk dance， to name a few. I guarantee that once you come， you will never regret.【高分句型二】（活动介绍）
Your early reply will be highly appreciated.（期待回复）
Yours，
Li Hua
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