专题06 完形填空之夹叙夹议-十年（2012-2021）高考英语真题分项详解（全国通用） 解析版

这是一份专题06 完形填空之夹叙夹议-十年（2012-2021）高考英语真题分项详解（全国通用） 解析版，共59页。

专题06 完形填空之夹叙夹议
【2021年】
1.（2021年全国乙卷）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Simply saying thank you doesn't seem enough in certain situations. I was considering this while working as a ___41___ just a few weeks ago. And it came to me then how much easier it would be if we had a range of words that express different ___42___ of gratitude(感谢).
My thoughts were soon ___43___. We had a woman patient who was ___44___ from a knee replacement operation. One afternoon, while ___45___ to get into bed she collapsed(倒下) from what was ___46___ discovered to be a heart attack. The collapse was disastrous, ___47___the emergency medical team and good teamwork. But she recovered, though ___48___, and was ready for discharge(出院)after four weeks.
She was ___49___ for everything that the medical and nursing team had done for her. On her day of discharge, we shared in her _____50_____ at her recovery. As she was _____51_____ she was eager to say _____52_____ to each of us in the nursing team. When she _____53_____ one nurse, she tried to press a five-pound note into her hand. My colleague _____54_____ to accept it, saying that we were all just _____55_____ our job. The patient looked puzzled, and then _____56_____:“Oh this isn't for the_____57_____ I had. I take that as a _____58_____. No, this is for setting my hair yesterday.”
And there you have it. To many people,_____59_____lives is part of the job but styling hair is an _____60_____ and should be rewarded.
41. A. cleaner B. chemist C. nurse D. doctor
42. A. grades B. meanings C. needs D. expectations
43. A. brushed aside B. put to the test C. brought under discussion D. taken into account
44. A. departing B. escaping C. retiring D. recovering
45. A. attempting B. choosing C. pausing D. promising
46. A. eventually B. fortunately C. casually D. secretly
47. A. assessing B. requiring C. forming D. proving
48. A. slightly B. accidentally C. slowly D. happily
49. A. grateful B. thoughtful C. sorrowful D. fearful
50 A. surprise B. delight C. curiosity D. disappointment
51. A. operating B. thinking C. hesitating D. leaving
52. A. sorry B. hello C. goodbye D. yes
53. A. reached B. consulted C. introduced D. persuaded
54. A. wished B. pretended C. failed D. refused
55. A. enjoying B. doing C. securing D. starting
56. A. repeated B. recited C. replied D. reported
57. A. courage B. patience C. duty D. care
58. A. goal B. given C. push D. greeting
59. A. risking B. changing C. saving D. building
60. A. honour B. ability C. opening D. extra
【答案】41. C 42. A 43. B 44. D 45. A 46. A 47. B 48. C 49. A 50. B 51. D 52. C 53. A 54. D 55. B 56. C 57. D 58. B 59. C 60. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章通过作者做护士期间遇到的一个女病人为例，表达了我们应该对别人的付出表示真诚的感谢，即使他们只是做了自己分内的事。
【41题】考查名词词义辨析。句意：几周前我在做护士的时候就在考虑这个问题。A. cleaner清洁工；B. chemist化学家，药剂师；C. nurse护士；D. doctor医生。根据下文的“as she was 11 she was eager to say 12 to each of us in the nursing team.”可知，当时作者是一名护士。故选C。
【42题】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我突然想到，如果我们有一系列表达不同程度感激之情的词语，那会容易得多。A. grades分数，级别，程度；B. meanings意思；C. needs需求；D. expectations期待。根据上文的“simply saying thank you doesn’t seem enough in certain situations”可知，作者认为如果有表达不同程度感谢的词，那么感谢就容易得多了。故选A。
【43题】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我的想法很快就进行了测验。A. brushed aside撇开；B. put to the test经受考验，接受……的考验；C. brought under discussion在讨论中；D. taken into account考虑。结合下文讲述女病人对护士们的所为，可知作者的想法立即接受了测验。故选B。
【44题】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们有一个病人膝盖置换手术后正在康复。A. departing出发，离开；B. escaping逃跑；C. retiring退休；D. recovering恢复。结合下文提到手术和病人从床上摔下来可知，病人正在恢复中。故选D。
【45题】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天下午，当她试图上床睡觉时，她因心脏病而摔倒了。A. attempting试图，尝试；B. choosing选择；C. pausing暂停；D. promising承诺。结合上文提到这是个膝盖有伤的病人，可推知她尝试着自己上床。故选A。
【46题】考查副词词义辨析。句意：一天下午，当她试图上床睡觉时，她因心脏病而摔倒了。A. eventually最后；B. fortunately幸运地；C. casually随意地；D. secretly秘密地。结合上文病人是因为膝盖置换手术而住院，由此可知，此处是指最终发现摔倒是因为心脏病。故选A。
【47题】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这次摔倒是灾难性的，需要紧急医疗队和良好的团队合作。A. assessing评估；B. requiring需要；C. forming形成；D. proving证明。根据“the collapse was disastrous”可知，要想把病人治好需要紧急医疗队和良好的团队合作。故选B。
【48题】考查副词词义辨析。句意：虽然很慢，但她恢复了，四周后就可以出院了。A. slightly轻微地；B. accidently意外地；C. slowly缓慢地；D. happily幸福地。根据上文的“the collapse was disastrous”可知，要从灾难性的病痛中恢复一定很慢。故选C。
【49题】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她对医疗及护士团队为她所作的一切都非常感激。A. grateful感激的；B. thoughtful体贴的；C. sorrowful伤心的，悲伤的；D. fearful恐惧的。结合下文女病人离开前和大家一一道别，推知她对大家的付出表示感激。故选A。
【50题】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在她出院那天，我们分享了她康复的喜悦。A. surprise惊喜；B. delight喜悦；C. curiosity好奇心；D. disappointment失望。根据下文的“her recovery”可知，此处是指分享她康复的喜悦。故选B。
【51题】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她要离开时，她急切地想和我们护理队的每一个人说再见。A. operating手术；B. thinking思考；C. hesitating犹豫；D. leaving离开。根据上文的“on her day of discharge”可知，女病人要出院了，所以此处是指当她即将离开医院时。故选D。
【52题】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当她要离开时，她急切地想和我们护理队的每一个人说再见。A. sorry抱歉；B. hello你好；C. goodbye再见；D. yes同意。根据上文的“on her day of discharge”可知，女病人要出院了，由此推知她对护理团队的人告别，say goodbye to sb.“和某人告别”符合语境。故选C。
【53题】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她走到一个护士身边时，她试图塞一张五英镑的钞票在她手里。A. reached到达；B. consulted咨询；C. introduced介绍；D. persuaded说服。结合上文提到女病人出院时要和护士们一一道别可知，此处是指她走到一个护士的身边，用“reach”符合语境。故选A。
【54题】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的同事拒绝接受，说我们只是做了自己的工作而已。A. wished希望；B. pretended假装；C. failed失败；D. refused拒绝。结合常识和下文的“we were all just 13 our job”可知，作者的同事拒绝收下女士给的钱。故选D。
【55题】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的同事拒绝接受，说我们只是做了自己的工作而已。A. enjoying享受；B. doing做；C. securing获得，保护；D. starting开始。根据上文提到作者的同事拒绝收下钱可推知，她认为照顾病人只是做了自己应该做的事情而已。故选B。
【56题】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个病人开起来很困惑，然后回复到：“噢，这不是因为我接受的照顾。我认为它是应该的。不，这是昨天给我做头发的。”A. repeated重复；B. recited背诵；C. replied回答，回应；D. reported报道。结合上文作者同事说照顾女士是自己的工作，不应该得到额外的礼物可知，此处是女病人对同事说的话的回应。故选C。
【57题】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个病人开起来很困惑，然后回复到：“噢，这不是因为我接受的照顾。我认为它是应该的。不，这是昨天给我做头发的。”A. courage勇气；B. patience耐心；C. duty职责；D. care照顾。根据下文的“No, this is for setting my hair yesterday”可知，女病人并不是因为护士的照顾才给的五英镑。故选D。
【58题】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个病人开起来很困惑，然后回复到：“噢，这不是因为我接受的照顾。我认为它是应该的。不，这是昨天给我做头发的。”A. goal目标；B. given该给的东西；C. push推力；D. greeting招呼。根据上文的“No, this is for setting my hair yesterday”推知，女病人认为她得到的照顾是护士们应该给她的（东西）。故选B。
【59题】考查动词词义辨析。句意：对许多人来说，拯救生命是工作的一部分，但发型是额外的，应该得到奖励。A. risking冒险；B. changing改变；C. saving拯救，挽救；D. building建设。根据上文内容可知，医生和护理团队拯救了女病人的生命可知，此处指很多人认为拯救生命是医生和护士工作的一部分。故选C。
【60题】考查名词词义辨析。句意：对许多人来说，拯救生命是工作的一部分，但做发型是额外的事情，应该得到奖励。A. honour荣誉；B. ability能力；C. opening开口处；D. extra额外的东西。根据下文的“To many people， lives is part of the job”和“but”可知，此处指做发型是本职工作以外的事情，即额外做的事情，应该得到奖励。故选D。
2.（2021年1月浙江卷）Last year I decided to do some volunteer work. I began to 6 on the Internet and discovered Volunteer USA．Three months later I 7 myself on a plane to Phoenix, Arizona. I was 8 at the thought of living with loads of new people for three months. However, within fifteen minutes of 9 , my worries had gone. Everyone was so 10 and like-minded that it was very 11 to feel at home.
I was sent to the Coronado National Forest for my first 8-day 12 . We had to 13 everything we needed and walk three miles to where we worked. It may not seem like a 14 way but in 35℃ heat and with a heavy pack, my legs were on fire.
My job was to 15 a stairway out of rock. This 16 climbing up and down the side of a mountain inhabited (栖息) by mountain lions, although I should say they were only heard,never 17 .
Three days later, a beautiful stairway came into being. The 18 of knowing that my 19 will be on that mountainside for years to come is massive.
But on the last night we were 20 in a thunderstorm. I woke up at midnight to find a swimming pool in my tent. The temperature was close to 21 . I had to spend the rest of the night trembling in the only 22 part of my tent.
23 , I suffered a lot. But I know whatever I have to face in my life I was there and I 24 . I think I am much 25 for having taken part in the project.
6．A．calculate B．negotiate C．advertise D．research
7．A．imagined B．introduced C．enjoyed D．found
8．A．annoyed B．surprised C．scared D．excited
9．A．arriving B．sleeping C．thinking D．walking
10．A．confident B．friendly C．energetic D．curious
11．A．funny B．good C．lucky D．easy
12．A．tour B．project C．campaign D．course
13．A．drop B．make C．carry D．buy
14．A．nice B．safe C．long D．quick
15．A．build B．test C．clean D．guard
16．A．helped B．ended C．allowed D．meant
17．A．hunted B．trained C．seen D．fed
18．A．Satisfaction B．ambition C．expectation D．intention
19．A．work B．memory C．record D．story
20．A．left B．caught C．attacked D．separated
21．A．boiling B．average C．normal D．freezing
22．A．tidy B．dry C．new D．soft
23．A．By the way B．Regardless of that C．Needless to say D．In either case
24．A．survived B．resisted C．escaped D．recovered
25．A．smarter B．stronger C．happier D．busier

【答案】
6．D
7．D
8．C
9．A
10．B
11．D
12．B
13．C
14．C
15．A
16．D
17．C
18．A
19．A
20．B
21．D
22．B
23．C
24．A
25．B
【分析】
这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者去年通过网上查询信息得到去科罗拉多国家森林当志愿者的机会，虽然期间作者经历了暴雨中帐篷漏水，为狮子上下山而搭建台阶的繁重工作等磨难，仍然感谢这个经历让自己变得更坚强。
6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我开始在网上查询并且发现“美国志愿者”。A. calculate计算；B. negotiate协商；C. advertise登广告；D. research研究。根据前文的“Last year I decided to do some volunteer work.”可知，作者在网上研究有哪些可以做志愿者的信息。故选D项。
7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：三个月后，我发现自己在飞往亚利桑那州凤凰城的飞机上。A. imagined想象；B. introduced介绍；C. enjoyed喜欢；D. found发现。根据前文的“I began to_1_on the Internet…”可知，作者之前还在网上查阅，三个月后自己就动身了。故选D项。
8．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一想到我要和一群陌生人一起住三个月，我很害怕。A. annoyed烦恼的；B. surprised惊讶的；C. scared害怕的；D. excited兴奋的。根据后面的“my worries had gone.”可知，我一开始很担忧。故选C项。
9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，到达15分钟里我的担忧就消失了。A. arriving到达；B. sleeping睡觉；C. thinking思考；D. walking行走。根据“feel at home”得知到达目的地不久，作者就不担心了。故选A项。
10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每个人都如此友好和志趣相投以至于很容易有宾至如家的感觉。A. confident自信的；B. friendly友好的；C. energetic活力的；D. curious好奇的。根据后文“and like-minded”可推断，作者感觉大家都很友好。故选B项。
11．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每个人都如此友好和志趣相投以至于很容易有宾至如家的感觉。A. funny搞笑的；B. good好的；C. lucky幸运的；D. easy容易的。根据 “that like-minded”和“feel at home”得知大家都很友好并且志趣相投，感觉到家的温暖很容易。故选D项。
12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我被派往科罗拉多国家森林开始头8天的项目。A. tour游览；B. project项目；C. campaign活动；D. course课程。根据下文“for having taken part in the project”可知，这是在说当志愿者的项目，原词复现。故选B项。
13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们必须带上需要的东西走到三英里外我们工作的地方。A. drop掉下；B. make制作；C. carry携带；D. buy购买。根据下文“with a heavy pack”可知，作者他们要背负着必需品走。故选C项。
14．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：可能看起来不远，但是在35度高温下，背着沉重的物品，我的腿像是着了火。A. nice好的；B. safe安全的；C. long长的；D. quick快的。根据前文“walk three miles”可知，作者他们走的路程不远。故选C项。
15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的工作是用岩石建一个阶梯。A. build建造；B. test测试；C. clean清洁；D. guard保卫。根据下文“climbing up and down the side of a mountain.”可知，作者在狮子栖息地建一个阶梯供狮子攀爬。故选A项。
16．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这意味着狮子能在山上栖息地通过阶梯爬上爬下。A. helped帮助；B. ended结束；C. allowed允许；D. meant意味。根据“climbing up and down”可知，台阶修好了意味着狮子可以爬上爬下。故选D项。
17．考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然我应该说他们只被听说过，从没被亲眼见过。A. hunted捕猎；B. trained训练；C. seen看到；D. fed喂养。根据前文“although I should say they were only heard”可知，作者以前没有见过。故选C项。
18．考查名词词义辨析。句意：知道我的作品将会在未来的几年里出现在那片山坡上，我的满足感是巨大的。A. satisfaction满意；B. ambition雄心；C. expectation期待；D. intention意图。根据上文的“a beautiful stairway came into being”可知，我修的台阶成型了，我很满意。故选A项。
19．考查名词词义辨析。句意：知道我的作品将会在未来的几年里出现在那片山坡上，我的满足感是巨大的。A. work工作，作品；B. memory回忆；C. record记录；D. story故事。根据上文的“My job was to”“a beautiful stairway came into being”可知，修台阶是我的工作。故选A项。
20．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是在最后一晚，我们被困在雷雨中。A. left离开；B. caught捉住；C. attacked袭击；D. separated分离。根据下文“I woke up at midnight to find a swimming pool in my tent”可知，作者他们被困在雷雨中。故选B项。
21．考查形容词短语辨析。句意：温度接近零度。A. boiling煮沸的的；B. average平均的；C. normal正常的；D. freezing冰冻的。根据下文“trembling”得知温度很低。故选D项。
22．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我不得不后半夜在帐篷干的那一块地方发抖。A. tidy干净的；B. dry干的；C. new新的；D. soft软的。根据上文的“thunderstorm”和后文的“part of my tent”可知，帐篷里进了水，作者蜷缩在帐篷干的地方。故选B项。
23．考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：不用说我受了很多苦。A. By the way顺便问一下；B. Regardless of that尽管这样；C. Needless to say 不用说；D. In either case在这两种情况下。根据前文给狮子栖息地建造台阶和下雨天帐篷漏水可知，作者当志愿者时受了很多苦。故选C项。
24．考查动词辨析。句意：但是我知道不论人生中面对什么，我都在这，我都活了下来。A. survived生存；B. resisted反抗；C. escaped逃离，抓牢；D. recovered恢复。根据上文“But I know whatever I have to face in my life I was there.”可知，作者认为再多苦都可以坚持下来，挺过去。故选A项。
25．考查形容词比较级词义辨析。句意：我认为因为参加这个项目我更强壮了。A. smarter更聪明的；B. stronger更强壮的；C. happier更快乐的；D. busier更忙碌的。根据前文“But I know whatever I have to face in my life I was there.可知作者感觉经历让他更强壮。故选B项。
【2020年】
1.（2020·新课标Ⅰ）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Since our twins began learning to walk， my wife and I have kept telling them that our sliding glass door is just a window. The ___41___ is obvious. If we ___42___ it is a door， they’ll want to go outside ___43___. It will drive us crazy. The kids apparently know the ___44___. But our insisting it’s ___45___ a window has kept them from ___46___ millions of requests to open the door.
I hate lying to the kids. One day they’ll ___47___ and discover that everything they’ve always known about windows is a ___48___.I wonder if ___49___ should always tell the truth no matter the ____50____. I have a very strong ____51____ that the lie we’re telling is doing ____52____ damage to our children. Windows and doors have ____53____ metaphorical(比喻) meanings. I’m telling them they can’t open what they absolutely know is a door. What if later in ____54____ they come to a metaphorical door， like an opportunity(机会) of some sort， and ____55____ opening the door and taking the opportunity， they just ____56____ it and wonder， ＂What if it isn’t a door?＂ That is， ＂What if it isn’t a ____57____ opportunity?＂
Maybe it’s an unreasonable fear. But the ____58____ is that I shouldn’t lie to my kids. I should just ____59____ repeatedly having to say， ＂No. We can’t go outside now.＂ Then when they come to other doors in life， be they real or metaphorical， they won’t ____60____ to open them and walk through.
41. A. relief B. target C. reason D. case
42. A. admit B. believe C. mean D. realize
43. A. gradually B. constantly C. temporarily D. casually
44. A. result B. danger C. method D. truth
45. A. merely B. slightly C. hardly D. partly
46. A. reviewing B. approving C. receiving D. attempting
47. A. win out B. give up C. wake up D. stand out
48. A. dream B. lie C. fantasy D. fact
49. A. parents B. twins C. colleagues D. teachers
50 A. restrictions B. explanations C. differences D. consequences
51. A. demand B. fear C. desire D. doubt
52. A. physical B. biological C. spiritual D. behavioral
53. A. traditional B. important C. double D. original
54. A. life B. time C. reply D. history
55. A. by comparison with B. in addition to C. regardless of D. instead of
56. A. get hold of B. stare at C. knock on D. make use of
57. A. real B. Typical C. similar D. limited
58. A. safety rule B. comfort zone C. bottom line D. top secret
59. A. delay B. regret C. enjoy D. accept
60. A. hurry B. decide C. hesitate D. intend
【答案】41. C 42. A 43. B 44. D 45. A 46. D 47. C 48. B 49. A 50. D 51. B 52. C 53. B 54. A 55. D 56. B 57. A 58. C 59. D 60. C
【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。作者以现实中的门，引申出生活中的“门”，从而探讨了一种教育理念。作者认为家长们不要害怕告诉孩子们真相，这样，孩子们才可以在生活的道路上，不再被各种“进退两难”所困扰，从而抓住机遇，勇往直前。
41.考查名词词义辨析。句意：原因是明显的。A. relief安慰； B. target目标；C. reason原因；D. case情况。根据下文If we 42 it is a door， they'll want to go outside_43.可知这里作者在解释把门说成窗户的原因。所以这里意思是“原因是明显的”。故选C。
42.考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我们承认它是一扇门，他们就会不断地想出去。A. admit 承认；B. believe相信；C. mean意味着；D. realize意识到。下文they'll want to go outside_43.说他们就会经常想出去，那必然是作者承认了它是一扇门。故选A。
43.考查副词词义辨析。句意：如果我们承认它是一扇门，他们就会不断地想出去。A. gradually逐步地；B. constantly不断地；C temporarily临时地；D casually随便地。根据下文I should just_59 repeatedly having to say， "No. We can't go outside now. "可推测出，孩子们会不断地想出去。故选B。
44.考查名词词义辨析。句意：孩子们显然知道这个真相。A. result结果；B. danger危险；C. method方法；D. truth真相。下文But our insisting it’s 45 a window has kept them from 46 millions of requests to open the door.说阻止了他们无数次要求打开这扇门的尝试，和下文的I hate lying to the kids.可知孩子们是知道真相的。故选D。
45.考查副词词义辨析。句意：但是，我们坚持说它只不过是一扇窗户，阻止了他们无数次要求打开这扇门的尝试。A. merely只不过；B. slightly轻微地；C. hardly几乎不；D. partly部分地。我在搪塞孩子们，所以轻描淡写地说，它不过是一扇窗户而已。故选A。
46.考查动名词词义辨析。句意：但是，我们坚持说它只是一扇窗户，阻止了他们无数次要求打开这扇门的尝试。A. reviewing回顾；B. approving赞成；C. receiving收到；D. attempting尝试。根据millions of requests to open the door可知孩子们是想尝试打开门。故选D。
47.考查动词短语辨析。句意：有一天，他们会开始了解真相，并且发现，一直以来，他们所知道的关于窗户的一切，是一个谎言。A. win out最后获得成功；B. give up放弃；C. wake up开始了解真相；D. stand out站出来。根据and discover that everything they've always known about windows is a 48.可知有一天，孩子们会开始了解真相。故选C。
48.考查名词词义辨析。句意：有一天，他们会开始了解真相，并且发现，一直以来，他们所知道的关于窗户的一切，是一个谎言。A. dream梦想；B. lie谎言；C. fantasy幻想；D. fact事实。根据I hate lying to the kids.以及结合前文作者把门说成窗户，可知这里意思是他们所知道的关于窗户的一切，是一个谎言。故选B。
49.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想知道父母是否应该说出真相，无论结果如何。A. parents父母；B. twins双胞胎；C. colleagues同事；D. teachers老师。根据下文to our children，可知这里意思是作者想知道父母是否应该说出真相。故选A。
50.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想知道父母是否应该说出真相，无论结果如何。A. restrictions限制；B. explanations解释；C. differences差异；D. consequences结果。根据they'll want to go outside_43.可知一旦我说出真相，孩子们就总想着打开门出去，这是一种说出真相的“后果”。故选D。
51.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我有一种强烈的害怕，害怕我们正在说的谎言会对孩子们造成心灵上的伤害。A. demand要求；B. fear害怕；C. desire欲望；D. doubt怀疑。根据that the lie we're telling is doing 52 damage to our children.和Maybe it's an unreasonable fear.可知这是让我强烈害怕的事情。故选B。
52.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我有一种强烈的害怕，害怕我们正在说的谎言会对孩子们造成心灵上的伤害。A. physical身体的；B biological生物的；C. spiritual心灵的；D. behavioral行为的。下文说家长们的撒谎行为会让孩子们面对机会时，犹豫不前。由此可知，这是对孩子们心灵上造成了伤害。故选C。
53.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：窗户和门有重要的比喻意义。A. traditional传统的； B. important重要的；C. double双重的；D. original原来的。下文说假如他们将来在生活中遇到比喻的门，将会怎么样，就像某种机会，他们不是打开门，抓住机会，而是凝视着它，想知道“假如它不是一扇门，将会怎么样”。由此可知，窗户和门的比喻意义是非常重要的。故选B。
54.考查名词词义辨析。句意：假如他们将来在生活中遇到比喻的门，将会怎么样，就像某种机会，他们不是打开门，抓住机会，而是凝视着它，想知道“假如它不是一扇门，将会怎么样”。A. life生活；B. time时间；C. reply回答；D. history历史。根据Then when
they come to other doors in life可知这里意思是在生活中遇到比喻的门。故选A。
55.考查短语辨析。句意：假如他们将来在生活中遇到比喻的门，将会怎么样，就像某种机会，他们不是打开门，抓住机会，而是凝视着它，想知道“假如它不是一扇门，将会怎么样”。 A. by comparison with与……相比；B. in addition to除……之外；C. regardless of不管；D. instead of而不是。对孩子们撒谎，今后，孩子们面对生活中的“门”时，会观望，而不是打开“门”。故选D。
56.考查动词短语辨析。句意：假如他们将来在生活中遇到比喻的门，将会怎么样，就像某种机会，他们不是打开门，抓住机会，而是凝视着它，想知道“假如它不是一扇门，将会怎么样”。A. get hold of抓住；B. stare at凝视；C. knock on敲击（门、窗）；D. make use of利用。孩子们遇到机会，不是马上抓住它，而是在考虑很多问题。由此可知，孩子们在凝视着“机会”。故选B。
57.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：也就是说，假如它不是一个真的机会，将会怎么样？A. real真的；B. typical典型的；C. similar相似的；D. limited有限的。孩子们面对机会，犹豫不前，是在质疑机会的真实性。故选A。
58.考查名词短语词义辨析。句意：但是，底线是我不应该对我的孩子们撒谎。A safety rule安全守则；B. comfort zone舒适带; C. bottom line底线；D. top secret绝密的。根据I shouldn't lie to my kids.可知这是我的底线。故选C。
59.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我应该只是接受重复的说：“不，我们现在不能去外面。”A. delay推迟；B. regret后悔；C. enjoy享受；D. accept接受。当我告知孩子们真相时，我也不得不重复的说：“不，我们现在不能去外面。”这是一个现实，我只能接受。故选D。
60.考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，当他们遇到生活中的其他门时，或真实或比喻，他们将毫不犹豫的打开它们，然后走过去。A. hurry匆忙；B. decide决定；C. hesitate犹豫；D. intend打算。根据and walk through.可知当告知孩子们真相时，孩子们将不再犹豫，大踏步向前走。故选C。
2.（2020·新课标Ⅲ）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
As s businesswoman， I care deeply about my customers. But like anyone for whom you feel affection， ___41___ can also drive you mad. They’ll come rushing in， ___42___their handbag’s been stolen. They’ll ___43___ that they left it in the changing room， create havoe (混乱) and then ___44___ it had been in their car all the time. They’ll have out half the ___45___ in the shop， and want the only style you don’t have left in a ___46___ colour. I do know how upset the shop staff can get， but I try to persuade them to keep ___47___.
I remember the first really ___48___ customer we had at Covent Garden. She was. ___49___ absolutely everything， nothing was right and I was rather ____50____ that she became a “regular”. After a while， she ____51____ for the way she behaved at the beginning. She had split up with her husband the week before， was living in a flat ____52____， and since she’d found it too much to cope with (应对)， she’d taken it out on ____53____ people.
That taught me a valuable ____54____ and I pass it on to the people who ____55____ in the market. Don’t take it ____56____. If a customer is rude or difficult， just think “Maybe she’s had a row with her husband. Maybe her child’s not ____57____.” Always water it down and don’t let your ego (自我) get ____58____. If you do， you won’ be able to ____59____ it and the whole thing develops into an unpleasant scene and that ____60____ everyone’s day.
41. A. shopkeepers B. customers C. salespersons D. receptionists
42. A. saying B. pretending C. guessing D. replying
43. A. agree B. promise C. imagine D. swear
44. A. forget B. decide C. discover D. assume
45. A. foods B. catalogues C. belongings D. goods
46. A. particular B. different C. matching D. natural
47. A. fighting B. smiling C. waiting D. changing
48. A. generous B. polite C. careless D. difficult
49. A. curious about B. displeased with C. patient with D. uncertain about
50. A. relaxed B. delighted C. surprised D. embarrassed
51. A. searched B. argued C. prayed D. apologized
52. A. by chance B. by herself C. on purpose D. on duty
53. A. rude B. such C. other D. lonely
54. A. lesson B. trick C. skill D. trade
55. A. work B. shop C. meet D. quarrel
56. A. kindly B. secretly C. personally D. casually
57. A. ready B. away C. up D. well
58. A. out of sight B. in the way C. behind the scene D. above the law
59. A. stress B. expect C. handle D. blame
60. A. ruins B. makes C. starts D. saves
【答案】41. B 42. A 43. D 44. C 45. D 46. A 47. B 48. D 49. B 50. C 51. D 52. B 53. C 54. A 55. A 56. C 57. D 58. B 59. C 60. A
【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者是一位生意人，遇到过各种各样让人抓狂的顾客，而有一个难缠的顾客，一开始对每件事都不满意，结果居然成了常客。最后顾客告诉作者，是因为自己和丈夫分居了，于是把气撒到其他人身上，这让作者学到了宝贵的一课，那就是要学会淡化和难缠顾客之间的矛盾，不然当事情发展成不愉快的场面时，结果只会毁了每个人的一天。
41.考查名词词义辨析。句意：但就像任何一个你喜欢的人一样，顾客也会让你抓狂。A. shopkeepers店主；B. customers顾客；C. salespersons售货员； D. receptionist接待员。根据上文I care deeply about my customers可知作者是生意人，因此此处指的是顾客让自己抓狂。故选B。
42.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们会冲进来，说手提包被偷了。A. saying说；B. pretending假装；C. guessing猜测；D. replying回答。结合后文their handbag’s been stolen可知此处是指说的内容应用say。故选A。
43.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们会发誓说他们把它忘在更衣室里了，搞得一团糟，然后发现它一直在他们的车里。A. agree同意；B. promise承诺；C. imagine想象；D. swear发誓。顾客冲进作者的店里，信誓旦旦地说自己的包是忘在了更衣室里。故选D。
44.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们会发誓说他们把它忘在更衣室里了，搞得一团糟，然后发现它一直在他们的车里。A. forget忘记；B. decide决定；C. discover发现；D. assume假设。结合后文it had been in their car all the time可知顾客一开始说包忘在了更衣室，结果最后发现包一直在他们自己的车里。故选C。
45.考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们会试用商店里一半的商品，只想要一种你没有那种特别颜色的存货。A. foods食物；B. catalogues目录；C. belongings所有物；D. goods商品。结合后文in the shops可知此处指的是商店里的商品。其它选项不符合语境。故选D。
46.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们会试用商店里一半的商品，只想要一种你没有那种特别颜色的存货。A. particular特别的；B. different不同的；C. matching相配的；D. natural自然的。结合上文the only style you don't have left in a可知顾客试了店里一半的商品，结果想要的只是那种有特别颜色（particular）没有存货的款式。其它选项带入不符合语境。故选A。
47.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我知道店员会有多沮丧，但我努力说服他们保持微笑。A. fighting打架；B. smiling微笑；C. waiting等待；D. changing改变。结合上文可知，一些顾客有一些很无厘头的要求和行为，面对这种情况，虽然店员会很沮丧，“但是”一词边是转折，与“沮丧”一词情感色彩相反，结合选项，B项“微笑”符合句意。故选B。
48.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我还记得我们在Covent Garden遇到的第一个难缠的顾客。A. generous慷慨的；B. polite礼貌的；C. careless粗心的；D. difficult难缠的，困难的。结合后文nothing was right可知这位顾客对一切都不满，很难缠。故选D。
49.考查动词短语辨析。句意：她对每件事都很不满意，没有什么是对的，令我相当惊讶的是，她居然成了“常客”。A. curious about好奇；B. displeased with对……不满意；C. patient with对……有耐心；D. uncertain about对……不能肯定。结合后文nothing was right可知这个顾客对一切都不满意。故选B。
50.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她对每件事都很不满意，没有什么是对的，令我相当惊讶的是，她居然成了“常客”。A. relaxed放松的；B. delighted高兴的；C. surprised惊讶的；D. embarrassed尴尬的。结合上下文可知这位顾客对每件事都不满意，但是居然成了“常客”，这让作者感到很惊讶才对。故选C。
51.考查动词词义辨析。句意：不久，她为自己一开始的行为道歉。A. searched搜索；B. argued争论；C. prayed祈祷；D. apologized道歉。顾客一开始很难缠，对一切都不满，结果后来成了常客，她开始为自己一开始的行为道歉。apologize for“为某事道歉”。故选D。
52.考查介词短语辨析。句意：她一周前和丈夫分居了，现在一个人住在一套公寓里，因为她觉得实在难以应付，就把气撒在别人身上。A. by chance偶然；B. by herself她独自地；C. on purpose故意地；D. on duty值班。结合上文She had split up with her husband the week before， was living in a flat可知女顾客和丈夫分居了，因此现在是独自住在一套公寓里。故选B。
53.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她一周前和丈夫分居了，现在一个人住在一套公寓里，因为她觉得实在难以应付，就把气撒在别人身上。A. rude粗鲁的；B. such这样的；C. other其他的；D. lonely寂寞的。结合上文since she'd found it too much to cope with， she'd taken it out on可知她难以应付这样压力，于是决定把气撒在其他人身上。other people“其他人”。故选C。
54.考查名词词义辨析。句意：这给我上了宝贵的一课，我把它传授给了在市场上工作的人。A. lesson课程，教训；B. trick诡计；C. skill技能；D. trade贸易。结合后文作者的感悟，可知这件事让作者学到了宝贵的一课。故选A。
55.考查动词词义辨析。句意：这给我上了宝贵的一课，我把它传授给了在市场上工作的人。A. work工作；B. shop购物；C. meet会面；D. quarrel争吵。结合后文in the market可知是指在市场上工作的人。故选A。
56.考查副词词义辨析。句意：别太在意。A. kindly亲切地；B. secretly秘密地；C. personally亲自地；D. casually随便地。结合后文作者指出不要让自我妨碍了你，要淡化这种情绪可知此处作者想说的是不要太在意这些事。短语take it personally“在意，把这些放在心上”。故选C。
57.考查副词词义辨析。句意：也许她的孩子不太好。A. ready迅速地；B. away离开；C. up向上；D. well好地。根据上文Maybe she’s had a row with her husband可知此处列举的是顾客家中有不好的事情发生的情况。故选D。
58.考查介词短语辨析。句意：一定要淡化它，不要让你的自我妨碍你。A. out of sight看不见；B. in the way妨碍，挡道；C. behind the scene幕后；D. above the law凌驾于法律之上。上文作者提到不要太在意这些顾客，要淡化这种不好的情绪，不要让自己的自我妨碍了自己。故选B。
59.考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你这样做了，你将无法处理它，整个事情发展成一个不愉快的场面，毁了每个人的一天。A. stress强调；B. expect期待；C. handle处理；D. blame责备。结合本段内容主要是在说明如何处理粗鲁难缠的顾客的问题。故选C。
60.考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你这样做了，你将无法处理它，整个事情发展成一个不愉快的场面，毁了每个人的一天。A. ruins毁灭；B. makes制作；C. starts开始；D. saves拯救。结合上文the whole thing develops into an unpleasant scene and that可知一旦事情发展成不愉快的场面，那么最终只会毁了每一个人的一天。故选A。
3.（2020·江苏卷）Being good at something and having a passion for it are not enough. Success ___36___ fundamentally on our view of ourselves and of the ____37____ in our lives.
When twelve-year-old John Wilson walked into his chemistry class on a rainy day in 1931， he had no ___38___ of knowing that his life was to change ____39____. The class experiment that day was to ____40____ how heating a container of water would bring air bubbling (冒泡) to the surface. ____41____， the container the teacher gave Wilson to heat ____42____ held something more volatile (易挥发的) than water. When Wilson heated it， the container ___43___， leaving Wilson blinded in both eyes.
When Wilson returned home from hospital two months later， his parents ____44____ to find a way to deal with the catastrophe that had ______45______ their lives. But Wilson did not regard the accident as ______46______. He learned braille (盲文) quickly and continued his education at Worcester College for the Blind. There， he not only did well as a student but also became a(n)______47______ public speaker.
Later， he worked in Africa， where many people suffered from ______48______ for lack of proper treatment. For him， it was one thing to _____49_____ his own fate of being blind and quite another to allow something to continue _____50_____ it could be fixed so easily. This moved him to action. And tens of millions in Africa and Asia can see because of the ______51______ Wilson made to preventing the ______52______.
Wilson received several international ______53______ for his great contributions. He lost his sight but found a _____54_____. He proved that it’s not what happens to us that ______55______ our lives-it’s what we make of what happens.
36. A. depends B. holds C. keeps D. reflects
37. A. dilemmas B. accidents C. events D. steps
38. A. way B. hope C. plan D. measure
39. A. continually B. gradually C. gracefully D. completely
40. A. direct B. show C. advocate D. declare
41. A. Anyway B. Moreover C. Somehow D. Thus
42. A. mistakenly B. casually C. amazingly D. clumsily
43. A. erupted B. exploded C. emptied D. exposed
44. A. deserved B. attempted C. cared D. agreed
45. A. submitted to B. catered for C. impressed on D. happened to
46. A. fantastic B. extraordinary C. impressive D. catastrophic
47. A. accomplished B. crucial C. specific D. innocent
48. A. deafness B. depression C. blindness D. speechlessness
49. A. decide B. abandon C. control D. accept
50. A. until B. when C. unless D. before
51. A. opposition B. adjustments C. commitment D. limitations
52. A. preventable B. potential C. spreadable D. influential
53. A. scholarships B. rewards C. awards D. bonuses
54. A. fortune B. recipe C. dream D. vision
55. A. distinguishes B. determines C. claims D. limits
【答案】36. A 37. C 38. A 39. D 40. B 41. C 42. A 43. B 44. B 45. D 46. D 47. A 48. C 49. D 50. B 51. C 52. A 53. C 54. D 55. B
【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议类的文章。因为一次意外，威尔逊失明了。但是，他并没有抱怨命运的不公，而是努力地学习，接受教育。他通过自己的努力帮助很多人恢复了视力，获得了很多国际大奖。他的例子告诉我们：成功从根本上取决于我们对自己和对生活中发生的事情的看法。
36.考查动词词义辨析。句意：成功从根本上取决于我们对自己和对生活中所发生事情看法。A. depends依靠；B. holds握，持有；C. keeps保持；D. reflects反映。结合空后的介词on可知，仅仅擅长某件事并有激情是不够的。成功从根本上“取决于”我们对自己和对生活中所发生事情的看法。depend on：取决于。故选A。
37.考查名词词义辨析。句意：成功从根本上取决于我们对自己和对生活中所发生事情的看法。A. dilemmas进退两难的处境；B. accidents意外事故；C. events事，事件；D. steps脚步，步骤。结合文章最后一句“He proved that it’s not what happens to us that 55 our lives-it’s what we make of what happens”可知，我们对所发生的事情的看法决定了我们的生活。空处对应what happens(发生的事)。故选C。
38.考查名词词义辨析。句意：1931年的一个雨天，当12岁的约翰·威尔逊走进他的化学教室时，他根本不知道自己的生活将彻底改变。A. way方法，方式；B. hope希望；C. plan计划；D. measure措施。John Wilson“无法”预知将会发生的事情。故选A。
39.考查副词词义辨析。句意：1931年的一个雨天，当12岁的约翰·威尔逊走进他的化学教室时，他根本不知道自己的生活将彻底改变。A. continually不断地；B. gradually逐渐地；C. gracefully优雅地；D. completely完全地。结合下文可知，一场意外导致他失明，这“完全”改变了他的生活。故选D。
40.考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天的课堂实验是为了展示加热一个盛水的容器会如何使空气冒泡到表面。A. direct指导，引导；B. show展示；C. advocate提倡，倡导；D. declare宣布。那天的课堂实验的目的是“展示”加热一个盛水的容器会如何使空气冒泡到表面。故选B。
41.考查副词词义辨析。句意：不知怎么的，老师给威尔逊加热的容器误装了比水更容易挥发的东西。A. Anyway无论如何，不管怎样；B. Moreover而且；C. Somehow不知怎么地；D. Thus因此。不知怎么的，老师给威尔逊加热的容器误装了比水更容易挥发的东西。故选C。
42.考查副词词义辨析。句意：不知怎么的，老师给威尔逊加热的容器误装了比水更容易挥发的东西。A. mistakenly错误地；B. casually随意地；C. amazingly令人惊奇地；D. clumsily笨拙地。老师“误”在容器里装了更容易挥发的东西而没有装水，结果导致了爆炸的发生。故选A。
43.考查动词词义辨析。句意：当威尔逊把它加热时，容器爆炸了，导致威尔逊失明。A. erupted爆发，喷出；B. exploded爆炸；C. emptied腾空，掏空；D. exposed揭露，使暴露。因为容器内装的不是水，而是更容易挥发的物质，所以，当威尔逊把它加热时，容器“爆炸”了，导致Wilson失明。故选B。
44.考查动词词义辨析。句意：两个月后，当威尔逊出院回家时，他的父母试图找到一种方法来应对发生在他们生活中的灾难。A. deserved值得，应得，应受；B. attempted视图，尝试；C. cared关心，在乎； D. agreed同意。孩子失明了，身为父母，他们当然要“试图”找到一种方法来应对发生在他们生活中的灾难。故选B。
45.考查动词短语辨析。句意：两个月后，当威尔逊出院回家时，他的父母试图找到一种方法来应对发生在他们生活中的灾难。A. submitted to提交，服从……；B. catered for迎合；C. impressed on给……留下印象；D. happened to发生。这场事故“发生”在了威尔逊一家人的生活中。故选D。
46.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但威尔逊并不认为这次事故是灾难性的。A. fantastic极好的；B. extraordinary不同寻常的；C. impressive给人深刻印象的；D. catastrophic灾难性的，毁灭性的。根据上文his parents 44 to find a way to deal with the catastrophe that had 45 their lives.以及结合生活常识，失明对于任何一个人来说都是一场灾难。根据but转折可知，威尔逊并没有将这场事故看作是“灾难性的”。故选D。
47.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在那里，他不仅是一名出色的学生，而且成为了一名出色的演说家。A. accomplished才华高的，有成就的；B. crucial至关重要的，关键性的；C. specific特定的，具体的；D. innocent无辜的，天真的。前一句提到威尔逊很快学会了盲文，并在伍斯特盲人学院继续接受教育。结合该句中的not only…but also…可以推知，他不仅是个好学生，而且是个非常好的公共演说家。选项中只有A选项表达此意。故选A。
48.考查名词词义辨析。句意：后来，他在非洲工作，那里的许多人因为缺乏适当的治疗而失明。A. deafness聋，听力不佳；B. depression沮丧；C. blindness瞎；D. speechlessness哑口无言。结合后文中的“And tens of millions in Africa and Asia can see because of the 51 Wilson made to preventing the 52 ”可知，很多人因为威尔逊的努力而复明。由此推知，在非洲，有很多人因为缺乏适当的治疗而“失明”。故选C。
49.考查动词词义辨析。句意：对他来说，接受自己失明的命运是一回事，而在事情可以如此容易地解决的情况下，让事情继续下去则完全是另一回事。A. decide决定；B. abandon抛弃；C. control控制；D. accept接受。根据上文中的“But Wilson did not regard the accident as 46 . He learned braille(盲文)quickly and continued his education at Worcester College for the Blind. There， he not only did well as a student but also became a(n) 47 public speaker”可知，威尔逊失明之后，他没有抱怨命运的不公，反而努力进取，由此推知，他“接受”了自己失明的事实。故选D。
50.考查连接词词义辨析。句意：对他来说，接受自己失明的命运是一回事，而在事情可以如此容易地解决的情况下，让事情继续下去则完全是另一回事。A. until直到；B. when在……情况下，当……时候；C. unless如果不；D. before在……之前。在很容易解决那么多人失明的情况下，让他们继续失明下去完全是另一回事。when表示“在……情况下”。故选B。
51考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为威尔逊努力地去预防可预防的情况，在非洲和亚洲，数千万人都可以恢复视力了。A. opposition反对；B. adjustments调整，调节；C. commitment奉献，投入；D. limitations限制。根据前文中的“This moved him to action”可知，威尔逊行动起来，努力地去预防那些可以预防的情况。因为他的“奉献”，很多人恢复了视力。该空和53空后的great contributions呼应。故选C。
52.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因为威尔逊努力地去预防可预防的情况，在非洲和亚洲，数千万人都能够恢复视力了。A. preventable可预防的，可阻止的；B. potential潜在的，有潜力的；C. spreadable(黄油等)容易被涂开的；D. influential有影响力的。结合空前的prevent可知，威尔逊努力地去预防“可以预防的”情况。故选A。
53.考查名词词义辨析。句意：威尔逊因其巨大的贡献获得了几个国际奖项。A. scholarships奖学金；B. rewards奖励，回报；C. awards奖，奖品；D. bonuses红利，津贴。因为他的巨大贡献，威尔逊获得了几个国际“大奖”。故选C。
54.考查名词词义辨析。句意：他失明了，但找到了视野。A. fortune运气，财富；B. recipe食谱，秘诀；C. dream梦，梦想；D. vision视野。根据前文叙述可知，虽然威尔逊失明了，但是他却通过努力，帮助了很多人，为世界做出了巨大贡献。由此推知，他虽然看不见，但是他的“眼界”开阔，做到了很多人都做不到的事情。故选D。
55.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他证明了并不是发生在我们身上的事情决定了我们的生活，而是我们如何看待发生的事情。A. distinguishes区分，辨别；B. determines决定；C. claims宣称；D. limits限制。结合第一段中的“Success 36 fundamentally on our view of ourselves and of the 37 in our lives”可知，成功从根本上取决于我们对自己和对生活中发生的事情的看法。即：并不是发生的事情“决定”我们的生活，而是我们对发生的事情的看法“决定”了我们的生活。故选B。
4.（2020·天津卷）阅读下面短文， 掌握其大意， 然后从16~35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中， 选出最佳选项。
Detective Ashley Jones works at a police department in England. He has recently made a significant___16___- -loneliness is a serious social problem that can contribute to depression and even crimes， but it can be___17___in a clever way. The___18___? Chat benches.
Jones got the idea after he had talked with an elderly lady who had been cheated of her___19___. The lady would get a call from a stranger every morning who ___20___made her believe that he was her friend， and then she lent him about “f 31，000 . Jones was___21___ when she said that she didn’t actually___22___ being cheated. “Otherwise， 1would never speak to another person for weeks on end，” she said.
This led Jones to the conclusion that there are too many extremely ___23___ people in his community， who are easy targets of cheating. So he___24___ to do something about it. He_____25_____ the police department to allow him to _____26_____ a couple of “chat benches” in two of their local parks. Then he hung a colorful sign on each of the benches that_____27_____:”HAPPY TO CHAT. “Just a few days after the signs went up， he found people sitting there and engaging in active and_____28_____ conversations.
The idea is catching on_____29_____There are now over 40 chat benches throughout England. More new chat benches have sprung up across the UK and beyond. All who participated have gained a(n)_____30_____ outcome from getting involved. Jones’ idea has been fully _____31_____-the “HAPPY TO CHAT” benches help_____32_____ the invisible social barrier that keeps people from saying hello.
This effort is not just a(n) _____33_____ at being community minded- -it’s also a _____34_____ measure. It prevents people who are cut off from society falling victim to cheaters.
The Chat Bench is a fantastic new project that_____35_____ those of all ages to interact and get to know each other in the future.
16. A. choice B. discovery C. visit D. promise
17. A. experienced B. suffered C. prevented D. felt
18. A. solution B. puzzle C. excuse D. intention
19. A. pleasure B. prize C. credit D. money
20. A. eventually B. frequently C. previously D. occasionally
21. A. ashamed B. shocked C. excited D. amused
22. A. mind B. forgive C. risk D. enjoy
23. A. active B. lonely C. cautious D. stubborn
24. A. learned B. refused C. pretended D. decided
25. A. forced B. ordered C. convinced D. taught
26. A. put away B. make out C. tear apart D. set up
27. A. read B. claimed C. meant D. implied
28. A. formal B. joyful C. awkward D. crazy
29. A. randomly B. slowly C. quickly D. purposefully
30. A. positive B. disappointing C. correct D. embarrassing
31. A. realized B. examined C. discussed D. formed
32. A. break down B. put up C. keep off D. take out
33. A. glance B. attempt C. knock D. attack
34. A. heart-breaking B. risk-taking C. face-saving D. crime-cutting
35. A. forbids B. appoints C. encourages D. troubles
【答案】16. B 17. C 18. A 19. D 20. A 21. B 22. A 23. B 24. D 25. C 26. D 27. A 28. B 29. C 30. A 31. A 32. A 33. B 34. D 35. C
【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章主要讲了艾什莉·琼斯警探在英国的一个警察局工作。他最近有了一项重大发现--孤独是一个严重的社会问题，它会导致抑郁甚至犯罪，但它可以用一种聪明的方法加以阻止。琼斯警探通过设置”聊天长椅”，帮助打破了人们打招呼的无形的社会障碍。”聊天长椅”是一个很棒的新项目，它不仅仅是一种社区意识的尝试，也是一种减少犯罪的措施。
16.考查名词词义辨析。句意:他最近有了一项重大发现--孤独是一个严重的社会问题，它会导致抑郁甚至犯罪，但它可以用一种聪明的方法加以阻止。A. choice选择；B. discovery发现；C. visit参观；D. promise许诺。下文loneliness is a serious social problem that can contribute to depression and even crimes说孤独是一个严重的社会问题，它会导致抑郁甚至犯罪，但它可以用一种聪明的方法加以阻止。这是一项重大的发现。故选B。
17.考查动词词义辨析。句意:他最近有了一项重大发现--孤独是一个严重的社会问题，它会导致抑郁甚至犯罪，但它可以用一种聪明的方法加以阻止。A. experienced经历；B. suffered遭受；C. prevented阻止；D. felt 感觉。根据下文Chat benches.可知对于这一社会问题，有阻止的方法。故选C。
18.考查名词词义辨析。句意:解决方案？长椅上聊天。A. solution解决方案；B. puzzle谜；C. excuse借口；D. intention目的。根据下文的回答Chat benches可知这里是询问”解决方案是什么”。故选A。
19.考查名词词义辨析。句意:琼斯是在与一位被骗了钱的老妇人交谈后产生这个想法的。A. pleasure快乐；B. prize奖品；C. credit信用； D. money钱。根据下文and then she lent him about £31，000可知这位老妇人被骗了钱。故选D。
20.考查副词词义辨析。句意:这位女士每天早上都会接到一个陌生人的电话，他最终让她相信他是她的朋友，然后她就借给了他大约31万英镑。A. eventually 最后；B. frequently频繁地；C. previously先前；D. occasionally偶尔。下文说这位老妇人借给了这个陌生人大约31万英镑，由此可知，他最终让她相信他是她的朋友。故选A。
21.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:当这位老妇人说她实际上并不介意被骗时，琼斯很震惊。A. ashamed羞愧的；B. shocked震惊的；C. excited兴奋的；D. amused愉悦的。按照正常的逻辑，一个人被骗了很多钱，她一定会很生气。然而，这位老妇人却说她不介意。所以琼斯很震惊。故选B。
22.考查动词词义辨析。句意:当这位老妇人说她实际上并不介意被骗时，琼斯很震惊。A. mind介意；B. forgive原谅；C. risk冒险；D. enjoy享受。根据下文老妇人说的话 “Otherwise， 1would never speak to another person for weeks on end，” she said.可知她并不介意被骗。故选A。
23.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:这使琼斯得出结论，在他的社区中有太多极度孤独的人，他们很容易成为欺骗的目标。A. active积极的；B. lonely孤独的；C. cautious小心的； D. stubborn顽固的。上文老妇人说:“否则，我几个星期都不会跟别人说话”，结合下文，琼斯创建了“聊天长椅”可知在他的社区中，有太多极度孤独的人。故选B。
24.考查动词词义辨析。句意:所以他决定做点什么。A. learned学习；B. refused拒绝；C. pretended假装；D. decided决定。下文He…the police department to allow him to…a couple of “chat benches” in two of their local parks.描述了琼斯采取的实际行动，由此可知，琼斯决定做点什么。故选D。
25.考查动词词义辨析。句意:他说服了警察局允许他在当地的两个公园里设立几个”聊天长椅”。A. forced强迫；B. ordered命令；C. convinced说服；D. taught教。下文说他在当地的两个公园里设立了几个“聊天长椅”，由此可知，他是说服了警察局。故选C。
26.考查动词短语辨析。句意:他说服了警察局允许他在当地的两个公园里设立了几个“聊天长椅”。A. put away放好；B. make out辨认出；C. tear apart把……弄乱；D. set up设立。根据a couple of “chat benches” in two of their local parks.可知是在当地的两个公园里设立几个“聊天长椅”。故选D。
27.考查动词词义辨析。句意:然后，他在每张长椅上挂了一块彩色的牌子，上面写着:“聊天愉快。” A. read写着；B. claimed宣称；C. meant意味；D. implied暗示。根据”HAPPY TO CHAT. “可知这是牌子上写的内容。表示”牌子上写着……”应用动词read，故选A。
28.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:就在张贴告示几天后，他发现人们坐在那里，进行着积极愉快的交谈。A. formal正式的；B. joyful愉快的； C. awkward尴尬的；D. crazy疯狂的。下文说琼斯的想法已经完全实现了，结合琼斯创建“聊天长椅”的初衷以及牌子上所写的内容“快乐聊天”，可知人们坐在那里，进行着积极愉快的交谈。故选B。
29.考查副词词义辨析。句意:这个想法很快就流行起来了。A. randomly随便地；B. slowly缓慢地；C. quickly很快地；D. purposefully有目的地。根据There are now over 40 chat benches throughout England.可知这个想法很快就流行起来了。故选C。
30.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:所有参与的人都从参与中获得了积极的结果。A. positive积极的；B. disappointing令人失望的；C. correct正确的；D. embarrassing使人尴尬的。根据Jones' idea has been fully…-the “HAPPY TO CHAT” benches help…the invisible social barrier that keeps people from saying hello.可知琼斯的想法已经完全实现了，”聊天愉快”长椅帮助打破了人们打招呼的无形的社会障碍。因此，推断出所有参与的人都从参与中获得了积极的结果。故选A。
31.考查动词词义辨析。句意:琼斯的想法已经完全实现了。A. realized实现；B. examined检查；C. discussed讨论；D. formed形成。下文说”聊天愉快”长椅帮助打破了人们打招呼的无形的社会障碍。由此可知，琼斯的想法已经完全实现了。故选A。
32.考查动词短语辨析。句意:“聊天愉快”长椅帮助打破了人们打招呼的无形的社会障碍。A. break down打破； B. put up提供；C. keep off不接近；D. take out取出。上文说所有参与的人都从参与中获得了积极的结果。由此可知，“聊天愉快”长椅帮助打破了人们打招呼的无形的社会障碍。故选A。
33.考查名词词义辨析。句意:这不仅仅是一种社区意识的尝试，也是一种减少犯罪的措施。A. glance一瞥； B. attempt尝试；C. knock敲打；D. attack攻击。琼斯设置的“聊天长椅”是一个新颖且有趣的尝试。故选B。
34.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:这不仅仅是一种社区意识的尝试，也是一种减少犯罪的措施。A. heart-breaking令人心碎的；B. risk-taking冒险的；C face-saving顾全面子的；D. crime-cutting减少犯罪的。根据上文loneliness is a serious social problem that can contribute to depression and even crimes以及那位被骗了钱的老妇人的悲惨经历，可知这不仅仅是一种社区意识的尝试，也是一种减少犯罪的措施。故选D。
35.考查动词词义辨析。句意:“聊天长椅”是一个很棒的新项目，鼓励所有年龄段的人在未来相互交流和了解。A. forbids禁止；B. appoints任命；C. encourages鼓励；D. troubles麻烦。根据The Chat Bench is a fantastic new project 以及上文“聊天长椅”所产生的积极效果，可知“聊天长椅”，鼓励所有年龄段的人在未来相互交流和了解。故选C。
【2019年】
1. 【2019·全国卷I】
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Every year about 40，000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro， the highest mountain in Africa. They ___41___ with them lots of waste. The ___42___ might damage the beauty of the place. The glaciers(冰川)are disappearing， changing the ___43___ of Kilimanjaro.
Hearing these stories， I’m ___44___ about the place — other destinations are described as “purer” natural experiences.
However， I soon ___45___ that much has changed since the days of disturbing reports of ___46___ among tons of rubbish. I find a ___47___ mountain， with toilets at camps and along the paths. The environmental challenges are ___48___ but the efforts made by the Tanzania National Park Authority seem to be ___49___.
The best of a Kilimanjaro ___50___， in my opinion， isn’t reaching the top. Mountains are ___51___ as spiritual places by many cultures. This ___52___ is especially evident on Kilimanjaro as ___53___ go through five ecosystems(生态系统)in the space of a few kilometers. At the base is a rainforest. It ends abruptly at 3， 000 meters， ___54___ lands of low growing plants. Further up， the weather ___55___ — low clouds envelope the mountainsides， which are covered with thick grass. I ___56___ twelve shades of green from where I stand. Above 4， 000 meters is the highland ___57___: gravel(砾石)， stones and rocks. ___58___ you climb into an arctic-like zone with ___59___ snow and the glaciers that may soon disappear.
Does Kilimanjaro ___60___ its reputation as a crowded mountain with lines of tourists ruining the atmosphere of peace？I found the opposite to be true.
41. A. keep B. mix C. connect D. bring
42. A. stories B. buildings C. crowds D. reporters
43. A. position B. age C. face D. name
44. A. silent B. skeptical C. serious D. crazy
45. A. discover B. argue C. decide D. advocate
46. A. equipment B. grass C. camps D. stones
47. A. remote B. quiet C. all D. clean
48. A. new B. special C. significant D. necessary
49. A. paying off B. spreading out C. blowing up D. fading away
50. A. atmosphere B. experience C. experiment D. sight
51. A. studied B. observed C. explored D. regarded
52. A. view B. quality C. reason D. purpose
53. A. scientists B. climbers C. locals D. officials
54. A. holding on to B. going back to C. living up to D. giving way to
55. A. changes B. clears C. improves D. permits
56. A. match B. imagine C. count D. add
57. A. village B. desert C. road D. lake
58. A. Obviously B. Easily C. Consequently D. Finally
59. A. permanent B. little C. fresh D. artificial
60. A. enjoy B. deserve C. save D. acquire
【语篇解读】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。每年有4万登山者攀登非洲第一高峰乞力马扎罗山，他们带来了垃圾，破坏了这里的环境。再加上冰川的消失，改变着它的地貌。对此作者对这个地方很是怀疑，想一探究竟。当他来到这里，他发现当地环保措施很到位，同时作者发现乞力马扎罗山有多种生态系统。作者认为乞力马扎罗山不应该被誉为一座挤满了破坏宁静氛围的游客的拥挤的山峰。
41.D 【解析】考查动词辨析。A. keep保持；B. mix混合；C. connect联系；D. bring带来。句意：他们带来了很多的垃圾。由“lots of waste”可知，登山者带来了很多的垃圾。故D选项切题。
42.C 【解析】考查名词辨析。A. stories故事；B. buildings建筑物；C. crowds人群；D. reporters记者。句意：人群可能会破坏这个地方的美。由“40，000”可知，这是一个庞大的群体。故C选项切题。
43. C【解析】考查名词辨析。A.position位置；B.age年龄；C. face外貌；D. name名字。句意：冰川正在消失，改变着乞力马扎罗山的地貌。冰川是乞力马扎罗山地貌之一，所以冰山融化会改变它的地貌。故C选项切题。
44. B【解析】考查形容词辨析。A. silent 沉默的；B. skepetical怀疑的；C. serious严肃的；D. crazy疯狂的。句意：听到这些故事，我对这个地方产生了怀疑——其他旅游地被描述为“更纯粹”的自然体验。由下文可知，作者亲自来到了乞力马扎罗山，作者想解开这个怀疑。故be skepetical about“对……怀疑”符合句意。故B选项切题。
45. A【解析】考查动词辨析。A. discover发现；B. argue争论；C. decide决定；D. advocate提倡。句意：然而，我很快发现，自从那些令人不安的关于营地周围有成吨的垃圾的报道出现以来，情况发生了很大的变化。由“much has changed ”可知，作者发现了很大的变化。故A选项切题。
46. C【解析】考查名词辨析。A.equipment装备 ；B. grass 草C. camps 营地；D. stone石头。句意：我很快发现，自从那些令人不安的关于营地周围有成吨的垃圾的报道出现以来，情况发生了很大的变化。由下文“at camps ”可知，本句属于原词再现。故C选项切题。
47. D【解析】考查形容词辨析。A. remote遥远的；B. quiet安静的C. tall高的; D. clean干净的。句意：我发现了一座干净的山，营地里和路边都有厕所。由“with tolilet at camps and along the paths”可知，营地里和路边都有厕所。所以这是一座干净的山。故D选项切题。
48. C【解析】考查形容词辨析。A. new新的；B. special特殊的；C. significant相当大的；D. necessary必要的。句意：环境挑战是巨大的，但坦桑尼亚国家公园管理局所做的努力似乎正在得到回报。根据前文可知，很多的登山者来到乞力马扎罗山以及冰川可能会消失。这对于环境来说是一个巨大的挑战。故C选项切题。
49.A 【解析】考查动词短语辨析。A. paying off还清，报偿；B.spreading out伸展；C. blowing up爆炸；D. fading away；逐渐消退。句意：环境挑战是巨大的，但坦桑尼亚国家公园管理局所做的努力似乎正在得到回报。由“but”可知，前后表示转折关系，说明坦桑尼亚国家公园管理局所做的努力似乎正在得到回报。故A选项切题。
50.B 【解析】考查名词辨析。A. atmosphere氛围；B. experience经历；C. experiment实验；D.sight视力。句意：在我看来，来乞力马扎罗最好的经历并不是到达顶峰。登山就是人生的一种经历。故B选项切题。
51.D 【解析】考查动词辨析。A. studied学习；B. observed观察；C. explored探索；D. regarded认为。句意：山被许多文化视为精神场所。由“spiritual space ”，可知，山被许多文化视为精神场所。be regarded as“被视为......”符合句意。故D选项切题。
52. A【解析】考查名词辨析。A. view景色 ；B.quality质量 ；C. reason原因；D. purpose目的 句意：在乞力马扎罗，当登山者在几公里的空间里穿越五个生态系统时，景色差异尤为明显。有五个生态系统，所以景色也是明显的不同。故A选项切题。
53.B 【解析】考查名词辨析。A. scientists科学家；B. climbers 登山者；C. locals当地人； D. officials官员。句意：在乞力马扎罗，当登山者在几公里的空间里穿越五个生态系统时，景色尤为明显。故A选项切题。来到乞力马扎罗都是为了登山，也只有登山者能体验到五个生态系统。故B选项切题。
54.D 【解析】考查动词短语辨析。A.holding on to抓住；B. going back to回到（原来的话题）；C. living up to履行；D. giving way to向......让步。句意：热带雨林在海拔3000米处突然到了尽头，让位于大片的低矮植物。这里指热带雨林在海拔3000米处突然到了尽头，所以海拔3000米以上就是大片的低矮植物。 giving way to“向......让步”符合句意。故D选项切题。
55.A 【解析】考查动词辨析。A. changes改变；B. clears放晴；C. improves提高； D.permits允许。句意：再往上走，天气变了--低云笼罩着被厚厚的草覆盖的山腰。由“low clouds ”可知，生态系统不同，天气也是不同的，是变化的。故A选项切题。
56. C【解析】考查动词辨析。A. match匹配；B. imagine想象；C. count数；D.add增加。句意：我从站的地方数出了十二种绿色。由“twelve shades of green”可知，作者数出了十二种绿色。故C选项切题。
57.B 【解析】考查名词辨析。A. village村庄； B. desert 沙漠，荒地;C. road马路；D.lake湖 。句意：海拔4000米以上是高山寒漠:砾石、石头和岩石。由“grave，stones and rocks”可知，拔4000米以上是高山寒漠。故B选项切题。
58. D【解析】考查副词辨析。A.Obviously明显地;B.Easily容易地;C.Consequently结果；D.Finally最后地。句意：海拔4000米以上是高地沙漠:砾石、石头和岩石。生态系统最顶端也是最后一个生态系统是冰川地区。故D选项切题。
59. A【解析】考查形容词辨析。A. permanent.永久的；B.little小的；C.fresh新鲜的；D.artifical人造的。句意：很明显，你爬进了一个类似北极的地带，那里有着永久性的积雪和可能很快消失的冰川。由“arctic -like zone”可知，这是一个类似北极的地带，所以有永久性的积雪。故A选项切题。
60.B 【解析】考查动词辨析。A. enjoy享受；B.deserve值得；C. save挽救;D. acquire获得。句意：乞力马扎罗山是一座拥挤的山，挤满了成群的游客，破坏了宁静的气氛，它值得这样的名声吗？。这里作者在疑问乞力马扎罗山是不是应该被誉为一座挤满了破坏宁静氛围的游客的拥挤的山峰。以此在对后面的回答做好铺垫。故B选项切题。
2. 【2019·江苏卷】
请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Wildlife has been greatly threatened in the modem age. There are species(物种)that are ___36___ every day. The white-naped crane is a typical example. So scientists are trying their best to ___37___ the species from going out of existence.
Chris and Tim work at a zoo， helping endangered cranes with their ___38___. Emma， a female crane， has been in their ___39___ since she arrived in 2004.
Born at an international crane foundation， Emma was ___40___ by human caretakers. This led to an unexpected ___41___， though she had a wonderful time there. Emma had ___42___ taken herself as a crane and become deeply attached to humans. She ___43___ to live with male cranes， and even had a ___44___ for killing some of them， which made it ___45___ for her to become a mother.
___46___， the two zookeepers didn’t want to see the extinction(灭绝)of this precious species. With their patience and efforts， they successfully developed a ___47___ of artificial breeding(人工繁殖)and natural reproduction. This ___48___ Emma to give birth to five baby cranes.
The two keepers are proud of their productive work. But before they can be ___49___， more efforts must be made， because the population of the crane in the wild is on the ___50___， and many other species appear headed toward extinction. ___51___， not everyone has realized that wildlife has thoughts， feelings， and most importantly， equal rights to survive.
How can we ___52___ the ever-widening gap that separates us from other animals? Chris and Tim offered us the ___53___: human beings took it for granted that their ___54___ held all the solutions， but maybe their hearts can be a better ___55___.
36. A. growing B. migrating C. competing D. disappearing
37. A. ban B. save C. split D. remove
38. A. abortion B. recreation C. reproduction D. administration
39. A. care B. eye C. mind D. story
40. A. found B. chosen C. raised D. seized
41. A. bonus B. consequence C. victory D. sacrifice
42. A. never B. always C. unluckily D. cheerfully
43. A. liked B. refused C. decided D. hesitated
44. A. gift B. skill C. concern D. reputation
45. A. illegal B. inspiring C. important D. impossible
46. A. Therefore B. Moreover C. However D. Instead
47. A. combination B. collection C. strategy D. system
48. A. forced B. forbade C. taught D. enabled
49. A. defeated B. grateful C. assured D. tolerant
50. A.list B. rise C. agenda D. decline
51. A. In contrast B. After all C. By the way D. On the contrary
52. A. leave B. bridge C. open D. identify
53. A. course B. excuse C. answer D. reward
54. A. brains B. behaviors C. services D. projects
55. A. guide B. treat C. example D. companion
【语篇解读】这是一篇夹叙夹议类的文章。在现代，野生动物正在遭受巨大威胁，每天都有一些物种灭绝。白鹤就是其中之一。但是，有很多人正在竭尽全力保护这些物种免于灭绝。Chris和Tim通过努力，帮助一只名叫Emma的雌鹤繁殖了五只幼鹤。
36.D 【解析】考查动词辨析。根据第一句“Wildlife has been greatly threatened in the modern age”和最后一句提到的“…the species from going out of existence”可以推知，野生动物正在遭受巨大威胁，每天都有一些物种灭绝，即：“消失”。D选项正确。
37.B 【解析】考查动词辨析。前文提到每天都有物种消失，那么该句应指科学家们正在竭尽全力保护这些物种，使它们免于灭绝。故B选项正确。
38.C 【解析】考查名词辨析。上文最后一句提到科学家们竭尽全力保护濒临灭绝的物种，由此推知，该处应指Chris和Tim帮助濒危物种繁殖，增加它们的数量，这样它们才不至于灭绝。故该空应指“繁殖”，C选项正确。
39.A 【解析】考查名词辨析。自从2004年，Emma一直由Chris和Tim照顾。该空和下一句中的“human caretaker”呼应。故选A。
40.C 【解析】考查动词辨析。根据空后的“human caretakers”可知，caretaker当然是照看Emma的。故该句应指：出生在一个国际鹤基地，Emma由人类抚养照看。故选C。
41.B 【解析】考查名词辨析。根据空后的though（尽管）可知，though前后的两个句子之间是转折关系。后面提到，她过得很开心。根据转折关系，那么前文应该表示“但是这导致了出乎意料的结果”。B选项正确。
42A 【解析】考查副词辨析。根据下文中的“become deeply attached to humans…even …killing some of them”等内容可知，因为Emma一直由人类照看，所以它没有将自己看作是一只鹤，而是深深的依恋上了人类。故选A。
43.B 【解析】考查动词辨析。根据上文，Emma不把自己当作鹤，所以它“拒绝”和雄鹤生活在一起。B选项正确。
44.D 【解析】考查名词辨析。根据even（甚至）这个递进关系可知，Emma不仅拒绝和雄鹤生活在一起，而且因为弄死了几只雄鹤而“臭名昭著”。故D选项正确。
45.D 【解析】考查形容词辨析。Emma拒绝和雄鹤生活，这当然使得她“不可能”生育小鹤，成为妈妈。D选项正确。
46.C 【解析】考查连词辨析。上文提到Emma拒绝和雄鹤生活，使得她不可能生育小鹤。下文提到两位动物园管理员不想看到这一物种的灭绝。由此推知，上下文之间是转折关系。C选项正确。
47.A 【解析】考查名词辨析。经过努力，Chris和Tim成功的将“人工繁殖”和“自然繁殖”结合在一起。A选项正确。
48.D 【解析】考查动词辨析。Chris和Tim成功的将“人工繁殖”和“自然繁殖”结合在一起，这使得Emma诞育了五只幼鹤。enable sb. to do sth.意为“使……能够做某事”，D选项正确。
49.C
【解析】考查形容词辨析。根据后文的more efforts must be made可以推知，尽管两个人为自己的成就感到骄傲，但是他们还需要付出更多努力，因为野生鹤的数量在减少。所以他们还不能完全放心（白鹤不会灭绝）。故选C。assured意为“确定的，有把握的，自信的”。
50.D 【解析】考查动词辨析。根据because可知，前后句之间是因果关系，根据more efforts must be made可以推知，野生白鹤数量在减少，所以，还要付出更多的努力（来挽救白鹤灭绝）。故D选项正确。
51.B 【解析】考查介词辨析。前文提到：野生白鹤数量正在减少，很多其他物种似乎也在逐渐灭绝。该句提到，并不是所有的人都意识到野生动物有思想，感情，以及平等生存的权利。很明显，该句是对前文出现野生动物濒临灭绝原因的一种解释。故B选项正确。after all：毕竟（用于解释和说明理由）。
52.B 【解析】考查动词辨析。针对上文提到的很多物种灭绝这种现象，作者提出一个问题：我们如何来消除将人类和动物隔开的不断扩大的鸿沟呢？B选项正确。
53.C 【解析】考查名词辨析。前文提出一个问题：我们如何来消除将人类和动物隔开的不断扩大的鸿沟呢？Chris和Tim的做法给我们提供了一个答案。C选项正确。
54.A 【解析】考查名词辨析。根据下文中的“hold all the solutions”可以推断出，人类认为自己的“大脑”掌握着所有的解决办法。即：人类认为自己的大脑可以想出所有的解决办法。A选项正确。
55.A 【解析】考查名词辨析。根据转折词but可以推知，人类想当然的认为自己的“大脑”掌握着所有的解决办法。但或许他们可以用“心”更好地“引领”他们去保护这些濒危的动物。故A选项正确。
3. 【2019·天津卷】
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16~35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
I was ready to pay for my bananas at the grocery one night，when fear seized me. My wallet was gone. I could only have left it on the G9 bus，which was now speeding in the dark to some______16______station.
The____17____moment was quickly followed by mental math. How much time and money would it cost to replace the_____18_____of that little wallet？The credit cards，the driver's license，the cash，all lost to the bus.
Two hours later，back at my house，I heard a knock on the door. My husband _____19_____it while I was on the phone in the dining room. "Does Jennifer live here？" I heard a lady say. In my husband's hand was my wallet，with not a penny_____20_____. She left before I could ____21____ make it to the door to offer my thanks.
After sharing the story online，I heard from someone，who ____22____ the lady as Erin Smith. Without ___23___ ，I called to thank her. She said she ____24____ my wallet on a bus seat. She_____25_____that going to a stranger's house was a ____26____ move，but she decided to take the chance. "If I were in that ____27____ I would want someone to try to find me，" she said.
This one stranger responded beautifully to my small ____28____ ，but she actually wasn't the only one. Right after Erin ____29____ my wallet on the bus，she posted a picture of my driver's license to an online forum（论坛），trying to see ____30____ anyone knew me. No sooner did she leave my doorstep than I had emails from two women whose kids go to my son's nursery and who recognized my face. I've never ____31____ words with those moms beyond small tall，but they wanted to help. I read that people are more divided than ever，but that's not how the people I_____32_____tend to act.
___33___，I feel blessed someone had wanted to help a stranger. Erin had gone ____34____what almost anyone would have done，finding my house on a bitterly cold night，and for that I was extremely ____35____ .
16. A. accessible B. hidden C. unknown D. convenient
17. A. face-saving B. brain-washing C. eye-catching D. heart-stopping
18. A. parts B. contents C. details D. ingredients
19. A. ignored B. answered C. examined D. interrupted
20. A. missing B. returned C. remaining D. abandoned
21. A. still B. ever C. yet D. even
22. A. selected B. appointed C. identified D. defined
23. A. delay B. alarm C. regret D. invitation
24. A. moved B. placed C. opened D. spotted
25. A. disagreed B. complained C. calculated D. recommended
26. A. selfless B. risky C. slow D. personal
27. A. site B. direction C. situation D. atmosphere
28. A. crisis B. danger C. threat D. failure
29. A. got rid of B. made use of C. had control of D. took possession of
30. A. if B. where C. how D. when
31. A. recalled B. exchanged C. repeated D. whispered
32. A. encounter B. follow C. consult D. accompany
33. A. Going away B. Turning around C. Looking back？ D. Coming along
34. A. into B. against C. over D. beyond
35. A. longing B. enthusiastic C. concerned D. grateful
【语篇解读】这是一篇夹叙夹议类的文章。作者将钱包落在了公共汽车上，Erin捡到了作者的钱包，在寒冷的黑夜亲自登门归还钱包。作者深受感动。文章叙述了事情的来龙去脉和作者的感受。
16. C【解析】考查形容词辨析。根据前文的“fear seized me. My wallet was gone.”可以推知，作者将钱包落在了公共汽车上，而汽车正在开往某个作者未知的地方，这使得找回钱包的希望渺茫，因此作者心生“恐惧”。故C选项(unknown)切题。
17. D【解析】考查形容词辨析。根据上一段中的“fear seized me”可以推知，作者在发现丢了钱包之后的第一感觉是“害怕”。之后，作者开始在内心计算找回钱包里的那些东西所需要的时间和钱数。故该空应和fear表达的意思相近，D选项（heart-stopping）切题：令人心跳停止的，惊心动魄的。
18. B【解析】考查名词辨析。该空指下文中提到的“the credit cards， the driver’s license， the cash”，这些都是钱包里装的东西。故选B(content)：所含之物，所容纳之物。
19.B 【解析】考查动词辨析。两小时后有人敲门，丈夫去应门。B选项（answer）切题：应（门）；接（电话）；应答。
20. D【解析】考查动词辨析。结合下文的陈述可知，那位女士捡到了作者的钱包，她拾金不昧，将钱包完璧归赵。由此可以推知，该处指“钱包里的钱一分也没有丢失”。故A选项（missing）切题：不见的，丢失的。
21. D【解析】考查副词辨析。作者甚至还没有来得及到门口感谢那位女士，她就离开了。该空表示“甚至”，故选D选项（even）：甚至。
22. C【解析】考查动词辨析。在网上分享了这个故事之后，作者收到了某个人的来信，这个人确认了那位女士是Erin Smith。C选项(identify)切题：确认，认出，识别。
23. A【解析】考查动词辨析。找到了那位拾金不昧的女士，作者当然要“马上，毫不耽搁地”打电话去感谢对方。A选项（delay）切题：耽搁，延迟。
24. D【解析】考查动词辨析。作者将钱包落在了公共汽车上，Erin是在一个座位上发现了它。该空表示“发现”，故选D选项(spot)：发现，认出。
25. C 【解析】考查动词辨析。根据文章最后一段中的“a bitterly cold night”可知，这件事发生在一个寒冷的晚上。同时，Erin又不认识作者。由此推知，该句应指：Erin估计去一个陌生人的家是一个冒险的举动。C选项（calculate）正确：估算，估计，预料。
26. B【解析】考查形容词辨析。根据下文中的转折词but可知，该句和she decided to take the chance（她决定冒险）是转折关系。那么该句应指去一个陌生人家是一个冒险的举动。故B选项（risky）正确：冒险的。
27. C【解析】考查名词辨析。该句叙述的是Erin当时的想法：“如果我处在那种情况下（指丢了钱包这种情形），我希望有个人努力地找到我”。该空表示“情况，情形”，故选C选项（situation）：情况，情形。
28.A 【解析】考查名词辨析。作者丢了钱包，对于作者来说，这是一个“危机，危难时刻”。故选A选项（crisis）：危机，危难时刻。
29. D【解析】考查动词短语辨析。Erin捡到了作者的钱包，在归还作者之前，钱包在Erin的手里，Erin暂时“拥有，占有”作者的钱包。故D选项正确。take possession of意为“拥有，占有”。
30. A【解析】考查连词辨析。Erin把作者的驾照图片发到一个论坛里，想看看是否有人认识作者。该空表示“是否”，故选A选项（if）：是否。
31. B【解析】考查动词辨析。根据后面的转折词but可知，该句和后面一句（她们想帮忙）转折关系，由此推知，该句指：除了闲聊，作者和那两位妈妈从来没有说过话，即：从未和她们“交换过词语”。B选项（exchange）正确：交换，互换。
32. A【解析】考查动词辨析。作者曾经读到这样的说法：人们比以往更加四分五裂，即：人们不像以前那样团结，不像以前那样互相帮助了。但是，作者遇到的这些人的行为方式不是那样的。上文中提到的Erin，two moms都是作者遇到的人。故A选项（encounter）正确：偶遇，遇到，邂逅。
33. C【解析】考查动词短语辨析。回顾发生的这件事，作者感到很幸运：有人想帮助一个陌生人。C选项（look back）正确：回顾，追忆。
34.D 【解析】考查介词辨析。根据倒数第二段中提到的“people are more divided”可以推知，一般人在捡到别人的钱包后，都不会像Erin那样亲自归还失主。因此该句指：Erin的所作所为远远超越了其他人的行为。该空表示“超过，超越”，故选D选项（beyond）：超过，超越。
35. D【解析】考查形容词辨析。Erin在寒冷的黑夜亲自登门归还作者的钱包，作者对此非常感激。D选项（grateful）正确：感激的。
【2018年】
1.【2018·全国卷I】
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
During my second year at the city college， I was told that the education department was offering a “free” course， called Thinking Chess， for three credits. I 41 the idea of taking the class because， after all， who doesn’t want to 42 a few dollars? More than that， I’d always wanted to learn chess. And， even if I weren’t 43 enough about free credits， news about our 44 was appealing enough to me. He was an international grandmaster， which 45 I would be learning from one of the game’s 46 . I could hardly wait to 47 him.
Maurice Ashley was kind and smart， a former graduate returning to teach， and this 48 was no game for him; he meant business. In his introduction， he made it 49 that our credits would be hard-earned. In order to 50 the class， among other criteria， we had to write a paper on how we plan to 51 what we would learn in class to our future professions and， 52 ， to our lives. I managed to get an A in that 53 and learned life lessons that have served me well beyond the 54 .
Ten years after my chess class with Ashley， I’m still putting to use what he 55 me: “The absolute most important 56 that you learn when you play chess is how to make good 57 . On every single move you have to 58 a situation， process what your opponent (对手) is doing and 59 the best move from among all your options.” These words still ring true today in my 60 as a journalist.
41. A. put forward B. jumped at C. tried out D. turned down
42. A. waste B. earn C. save D. pay
43. A. excited B. worried C. moved D. tired
44. A. title B. competitor C. textbook D. instructor
45. A. urged B. demanded C. held D. meant
46. A. fastest B. easiest C. best D. rarest
47. A. interview B. meet C. challenge D. beat
48. A. chance B. qualification C. honor D. job
49. A. real B. perfect C. clear D. possible
50. A. attend B. pass C. skip D. observe
51. A. add B. expose C. apply D. compare
52. A. eventually B. naturally C. directly D. normally
53. A. game B. presentation C. course D. experiment
54. A. criterion B. classroom C. department D. situation
55. A. taught B. wrote C. questioned D. promised
56. A. fact B. step C. manner D. skill
57. A. grades B. decisions C. impressions D. comments
58. A. analyze B. describe C. rebuild D. control
59. A. announce B. signal C. block D. evaluate
60. A. role B. desire C. concern D. behavior
【文章大意】本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章讲述了我在大二学的免费课程——下棋及它对我生活的指导意义。
41.B 【解析】考查动词短语辨析。我在大二时，学校教育处提供一种名叫思维象棋的免费课程，这个课程3个学分。我急于接收这个课程，是因为我想节省点钱。put forward提出； jumped at急于接收；tried out尝试；turned down拒绝。故选B。
42.C 【解析】考查动词辨析。我在大二时，学校教育处提供一种名叫思维象棋的免费课程，这个课程3个学分。我急于接收这个课程，是因为我想节省点钱。waste浪费；earn赚钱； save节省；pay付钱。故选C。
43.A 【解析】考查形容词辨析。我总是想学象棋，即便是我对免费的学分不激动，单是我们导师的信息就足以吸引我。excited激动的；兴奋的；worried担心的；moved感动的；tired劳累的。故选A。
44.D 【解析】考查名词辨析。我总是想学象棋，即便是我对免费的学分不激动，单是我们导师的消息就足以吸引我。title头衔；题目； competitor竞赛者；textbook教科书； instructor导师。故选D。
45.D 【解析】考查动词辨析。这意味着我将师从这个游戏最好的大师之一。Urged督促 ；demanded要求； held握住； meant意味着。故选D。
46.C 【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。这意味着我将师从这个游戏最好的大师之一。Fastest最快的；easiest最早的；best最好的；rarest最稀少的。故选C。
47.B 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。我迫不及待地想见到他。Interview面试； meet见面； challenge挑战；beat击败。故选B。
48.D 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。一位先前的毕业生回校教书，这项工作对他来说根本不是游戏。Chance机会；qualification合格；honor荣誉；job工作。故选D。
49.C 【解析】考查形容词辨析。在他的介绍中，他明确指出这些学分不容易得到。Real真实的；perfect完美的； clear清楚的； possible可能的。故选C。
50.B 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。为了通过考试，我们必须写一篇关于把我们在课堂里学到的东西应用于未来的职业中。Attend参加；pass通过； skip跳跃； observe遵守。故选B。
51.C 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。我们必须写一篇关于把我们在课堂里学到的知识应用于未来的职业中。apply把……运用于……
52.A 【解析】考查副词词义辨析。最终，把我们在课堂里学的知识应用到我们的生活中。eventually最终；naturally自然地； directly直接地；normally正常地。故选A。
53.C 【解析】考查名词辨析。我设法在这个课程中获得了个A。game游戏；presentation介绍；陈述；course课程；experiment实验。故选C。
54. B 【解析】考查名词辨析。我还学习了课堂之外对我很有用的生活课程。Criterion标准；classroom教室；department部门；系； situation情况。故选B。
55.A 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。和Ashley学了象棋课程之后10年里，我仍在应用他教我的东西。Taught教；wrote写；questioned提问；promised承诺。故选A。
56.D 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。你在学下棋的时候，学到的绝对重要的技能是如何做出好的决定。Fact事实；step步；manner方式；skill技能。故选D。
57.B 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。你在学下棋的时候，学到的绝对重要的技能是如何做出好的决定。Grades等级；decisions决定；impressions印象；comments评论。故选B。
58.A 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。每一步你都必须分析形势，审视对手要做什么。Analyze分析；describe描述；rebuild重建；control控制。故选A。
59.D 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。从你所有的选择中，评估出最好的一步。Announce宣布；signal发信号；block阻塞；evaluate评估。故选D。
60.A 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。现在这些话对我作为一名新闻记者的角色来说仍然是正确的。
2.【2018·浙江卷】
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
We have all heard how time is more valuable than money， but is it 36 to have too much?
I 37 back in high school I spent most of my day at school since I also 38 a team sport. By the time I got home， I only had a few hours to do my homework， and I had to do it ___39____
When I got into college， things __40 . I suddenly found myself out of class before noon time. Because of all this ___41___ there was no sense of ___42____ to do my school work immediately. I was performing this action of waiting until it later became 43 .Once that happened， I just kept 44 my studying further and further back in my day. Then I got to the point where I was 45 really late at night to get my work alone.
One day I 46 a former classmate of mine who was 47 a lot of money running a sideline(副业).Since his regular job was 48 ，I asked him why he just didn't do his sideline full-time. He said without the job， he would 49 have too much time and would just do what I did back in 50 .He said that if he 51 the job， he would lose his 52 to work and succeed.
So， try 53 your time with other work. This is why there is a 54 that if you want something done， ask a 55 person to do it.
36. A. true B. fair C. strange D. possible
37. A. remember B. admit C. understand D. expect
38. A. watched B. loved. C. coached D. played
39.A. at last B. right away C. of course D. mattered
40.A. happened B. repeated C. changed D. mattered
41.A. extra B .difficult. C. valuable D. limited
42.A. duty B. achievement C .urgency D. direction
43.A. burden B. relief C. risk D. habit
44. A. pushing B. taking C. setting D. calling
45. A. hanging out B. staying up C. jogging round D. showing off
46. A. met B. helped C. treated D. hired
47. A. raising B. wasting C. demanding D. making
48. A. safe B. important C. boring D. rewarding
49.A. luckily B. hardly C. hopefully D. simply
50.A. childhood B. college C. town D. business
51.A. quit B. found C. accepted D. kept
52. A. heart B. chance C. drive D. way
53.A. saving B. filling up C. giving up D. trading
54. A. message B. story C. saying D. fact
55. A. careful B. busy C. reliable D. kind
【文章大意】作者通过亲身经历告诉我们：拥有太多时间就会拖延做事情，时间紧迫反而能合理安排时间把事情做好。
36.D 【解析】考查形容词。A. true真实的；B. fair公平的；C. strange奇怪的；D. possible可能的。句意：我们都听说过时间比金钱更有价值，但是拥有的时间太多可能会把事情做好吗?表示“可能的”，表示作者的疑问，故选D。
37.A 【解析】考查动词。A. remember记得；B. admit承认；C. understand理解；D. expect期望。此处表示回忆起高中时自己的生活，表示“回忆起”是remember back，故选A。
38.D 【解析】考查动词。A. watched观察；B. loved热爱；C. coached训练；D. played玩。此处指自从我进行团体体育锻炼后多数时间在学校，表示“进行体育锻炼”是play sport，故选D。
39.B 【解析】考查固定短语。A.at last最后；B. right away立刻，马上；C. of course当然；D. mattered因为在校时间多，在家做作业的时间就少了，所以在家时必须马上写作业。下文do my school work immediately给了提示，故选B。
40.C 【解析】考查动词。A. happened发生；B. repeated重复；C. changed改变；D. mattered要紧。大学生活和高中生活不一样，所以说发生了改变。根据常识选C。
41.A 【解析】考查形容词。A. extra额外的；B .difficult.困难的；C. valuable有价值的；D. limited有限的。此处指大学里有许多额外的时间，故选A。
42.C 【解析】考查名词。A. duty责任；B. achievement成就；C .urgency紧急；D. direction方向。大学里没有马上做作业的紧迫感，与高中时抓紧时间做作业形成对比，故选C。
43.D 【解析】考查名词。A. burden负担；B. relief救济；C. risk冒险；D. habit习惯。由于不急着写作业，所以后来就形成了等的习惯。故选D。
44.A 【解析】考查动词。A. pushing推；B. taking拿；C. setting放置；D. calling呼唤。与上文的waiting呼应，指形成等的习惯后，我就不断地把学习往后推，越推越远。根据常识也可知答案，故选A。
45.B 【解析】考查动词短语。A. hanging out挂出，常去某处；B. staying up熬夜； C. jogging round慢跑；D. showing off炫耀。根据late at night可知是熬夜，此处指作业等到最后熬夜完成，故选B。
46.A 【解析】考查动词。A. met遇见；B. helped帮助；C. treated治疗；D. hired雇用。此处指遇到了以前的同学，根据句意选A。
47.D 【解析】考查动词。A. raising举起；B. wasting浪费；C. demanding要求；D. making获得。此处指经营副业挣了许多钱，“挣钱”是make money，故选D。
48.C 【解析】考查形容词。A. safe安全的；B. important重要的；C. boring无聊的；D. rewarding有益的。因为他的常规工作是无聊的，所以作者建议他把副业作为全职工作。故选C。
49.D 【解析】考查副词。A. luckily幸运地；B. hardly几乎不；C. hopefully有希望地；D. simply简单地。朋友说如果没有这个工作，很简单他就会有太多无聊的时间。根据句意可知选D。
50.B 【解析】考查名词。A. childhood童年时期；B. college大学；C. town城镇；D. business商业。他就会像我大学时一样因为有太多的时间而不忙着做事，与上文内容呼应，故选B。
51.A 【解析】考查动词。A. quit放弃；B. found发现； C. accepted接受； D. kept保持。如果他放弃工作，就会失去工作和成功的动力。与作者的建议呼应，故选A。
52.C 【解析】考查名词。A. heart心脏；B. chance机会；C. drive驱动力；D. way方法。此处指如果他放弃工作，就失去了紧迫感，就会失去工作和成功的动力。表示“动力”，故选C。
53.B 【解析】考查动词。A. saving节约；B. filling up装满；C. giving up放弃；D. trading交易。句意：试着用其他工作装满你的时间，使自己忙起来。故选B。
54.C 【解析】考查名词。A. message消息；B. story故事；C. saying谚语；D. fact事实。此处指if you want something done， ask a 55 person to do it.这句谚语，故选C。
55.B 【解析】考查形容词。A. careful小心的；B. busy忙碌的；C. reliable可靠的；D. kind善良的。此处指如果你想做某事，请忙碌的人去做。忙碌的人会抓紧时间完成，不忙的人只会拖延时间。故选B。
【2017年】
【2017·天津卷】
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16～35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
At my heaviest I weighed 370 pounds. I had a very poor relationship with food: I used it to 16 bad feelings， to make myself feel better， and to celebrate. Worried about my health， I tried many different kinds of 17 but nothing worked. I came to believe that I could do nothing about my 18 .
When I was 50， my weight problem began to affect me 19 . I didn’t want to live the rest of my life with this 20 weight any more.
That year， I 21 a seminar where we were asked to create a project that would touch the world. A seminar leader shared her 22 story — she had not only 125 lost pounds， but also raised $25，000 for homeless children.
23 by her story， I created the As We Heal(痊愈)， the World Heals 24 . My goal was to lose 150 pounds in one year and raise $50，000 25 a movement founded 30 years ago to end hunger. This combination of healing myself and healing the world 26 me as the perfect solution.
27 I began my own personal weight program， I was filled with the fear that I would 28 the same difficulties that beat me before. While the 29 hung over my head， there were also signs that I was headed down the right 30 . I sent letters to everyone I knew， telling them about my project. It worked perfectly. Donations began 31 in from hundreds of people.
Of course， I also took some practical steps to lose weight. I consulted with a physician（内科医生）， I hired a fitness coach， and I began to eat small and 32 meals. My fund-raising focus also gave me new motivation to exercise 33 .
A year later， I 34 my goal: I lost 150 pounds and raised $50，000! I feel that I’ve been given a second life to devote to something that is 35 and enormous.
16. A. add B. mix C. kill D. share
17. A. diets B. drinks C. fruits D. dishes
18. A. height B. ability C. wisdom D. weight
19. A. temporarily B. recently C. seriously D. secretly
20. A. ideal B. extra C. normal D. low
21. A. attended B. organized C. recommended D. mentioned
22. A. folk B. success C. adventure D. science
23. A. Surprised B. Amused C. Influenced D. Disturbed
24. A. project B. business C. system D. custom
25. A. in search of B. in need of C. in place of D. in support of
26. A. scared B. considered C. confused D. struck
27. A. As B. Until C. If D. Unless
28. A. get over B. run into C. look for D. put aside
29. A. excitement B. joy C. anger D. fear
30. A. row B. hall C. path D. street
31. A. breaking B. flooding C. jumping D. stepping
32. A. heavy B. full C. expensive D. healthy
33. A. regularly B. limitlessly C. suddenly D. randomly
34. A. set B. reached C. missed D. dropped
35. A. stressful B. painful C. meaningful D. peaceful
这是一篇记叙文，作者讲述自己减肥成功的经历。作者通过给自己制定目标，然后坚持不懈地努力去战胜困难，不仅减肥成功，而且募集了50，000美元的资金，实现了自己的既定目标。通过这次经历作者也认识到自己投入到了意义巨大的事情上。
16.C【解析】考查动词辨析。根据下文的并列成分to make myself feel better(为了使我自己感觉更好)可以判断出前句是扼杀不好的感觉。A. 增加；B. 混合；C. 扼杀；D. 分享。故选C。
17.A【解析】考查名词辨析。根据At my heaviest I weighed 370 pounds. 和上文Worried about my health可知本句表示：我尝试了不同种类的饮食，但都没有起作用。A. 饮食；B. 饮料；C. 水果；D. 菜。根据句意可知，选A。
18.D【解析】考查名词辨析。根据上文I tried many different kinds of 17 but nothing worked.可知下文是：我开始觉得我对自己的体重无能为力。A. 身高；B. 能力；C. 聪明；D. 体重。根据可知选D。
19.C【解析】考查副词辨析。根据上文可知作者减肥没有成功，由此可知本句为：当我五十岁时，我的体重问题严重影响了我。A. 临时地；B. 近期；C. 严重地；D. 秘密地。故选C。
20.B【解析】考查形容词辨析。根据前句可知下文是：我不想我的余生带着这些额外的体重。A. 理想的；B. 额外的；C. 正常的；D. 低的。故选B。
21.A【解析】考查动词辨析。根据宾语a seminar(一个研讨班)可知，我参加了一个研讨班。A. 参加；B. 组织；C. 推荐；D. 提到。故选A。
22.B【解析】考查名词辨析。根据下文she had not only lost 125 pounds， but also raised $25，000 for homeless children.可知，研讨会的一个领导和我分享了她的成功故事。A. 民间；B. 成功；C. 探险；D. 科学。故选B。
23.C【解析】考查非谓语。根据上文的成功故事和下文I created the As We Heal(痊愈)， the World Heals 24 .可知，我被她的故事所影响。A. 感到惊讶；B. 感到高兴；C. 被影响；D. 被打扰。故选C。
24.A【解析】考查名词辨析。根据下文My goal was ...可知，我创建了这个As We Heal(痊愈)， the World Heals项目。A. 工程，项目；B. 生意；C. 系统；D. 风俗习惯。故选A。下文30空后的句子中的project是提示。
25.D【解析】考查介词短语辨析。根据上文raise $50，000可知，此处表示“为了支持三十年前为了结束饥饿而创办的一项活动”。A. 为了寻找；B. 需要；C. 代替；D. 为了支持。故选D。
26.D【解析】考查动词辨析。根据主语This combination of healing myself and healing the world可知，我认为这种既治愈自己又治愈世界的结合似乎是一个完美的解决方案。根据句意和关键词as判断出这是考查固定短语：sth strikes sb某人想到/认为……是……，故选D。
27.A【解析】考查连词辨析。根据主句：I was filled with the fear...(我充满了恐惧……)可知此处是“当我开始我的个人体重项目时”。A. 当……的时候；B. 直到；C. 如果；D. 除非。故选A。
28. B【解析】根据上文fear和下文the same difficulties that beat me before可知，我充满了恐惧，害怕遇到以前打败我的同样的困难。A. 克服，战胜；B. 遇到；C. 寻找；D. 把……放到一边。故选B。
29.D【解析】考查名词辨析。根据上文I was filled with the fear that ...可知，尽管恐惧围绕在我的脑海。A. 兴奋；B. 快乐，高兴；C. 生气；D. 恐惧。故选D。
30.C【解析】考查名词辨析。有迹象表明我正走向正确的道路。A. 排；B. 大厅；C. 路；D. 街道。故选C。
31.B【解析】考查动词辨析。根据上文It worked perfectly可知，捐款从几百人那里涌入。break in 闯入；flood in 大量涌入；jump in 跳进；step in 步入。故选B。
32.D【解析】考查形容词辨析。根据上文hired a fitness coach可知，我开始每餐吃少量且健康的食物。A. 重的；B. 满的；C. 贵的；D. 健康的。故选D。
33.A【解析】考查副词辨析。根据exercise可知，我的募集资金的中心也给了我新的激励，让我定期锻炼。A. 定期地；B. 无限度地；C. 突然地；D. 随意地。故选A。
34.B【解析】考查动词辨析。根据上文第四段第二句和下文I lost 150 pounds and raised $50，000! 可知，我实现了我的目标。A. 制定；B. 实现，达到；C. 错过；D. 使降低。故选B。
35.C【解析】考查形容词辨析。根据上文的成功可以判断出句意为“我感觉到我被给予了第二次生命来做有意义的大事”。A. 有压力的；B. 疼痛的；C. 有意义的；D. 和平的。故选C。
【2016年】
1.【2016·全国新课标II】阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Hundreds of people have formed impressions of you through that little device (装置) on your desk. And they’ve never actually 21 you. Everything they know about you 22 through this device, sometimes from hundreds of miles away. 23 they feel they can know you 24 from the sound of your voice. That’s how powerful the 25 is.
Powerful, yes, but not always 26 . For years I dealt with my travel agent only by phone. Rani, my faceless agent whom I’d never met 27 , got me rock-bottom prices on airfares, cars, and hotels. But her cold voice really 28 me. I sometimes wished to 29 another agent.
One morning, I had to 30 an immediate flight home for a family emergency. I ran into Rani’s office 31 . The woman sitting at the desk, 32 my madness, sympathetically jumped up. She gave me a 33 smile, nodded while listening patiently, and then printed out the 34 immediately. ＂What a wonderful lady! ＂ I thought.
Rushing out 35 I called out over my shoulder, ＂By the way, what’s your name?＂ ＂I’m Rani,＂ she said. I turned around and saw a 36 woman with a big smile on her face waving to wish me a safe trip. I was 37 ! Why had I thought she was cold? Rani was, well, so 38 .
Sitting back in the car on the way to the airport, I figured it all out. Rani’s 39 — her warm smile, her nods, her ‘I’m here for you’ 40 — were all silent signals that didn’t travel through wires.
21．A．accepted B．noticed C．heard D．met
22．A．came B．moved C．ran D．developed
23．A．Thus B．Yet C．Then D．Indeed
24．A．rather B．also C．just D．already
25．A．telephone B．voice C．connection D．impression
26．A．direct B．useful C．easy D．accurate
27．A．in person B．by myself C．in public D．on purpose
28．A．annoyed B．interested C．discouraged D．confused
29．A．promote B．train C．find D．know
30．A．arrange B．postpone C．confirm D．book
31．A．for the first time B．at any time C．from time to time D．in good time
32．A．expecting B．seeing C．testing D．avoiding
33．A．shy B．comforting C．familiar D．forced
34．A．bill B．form C．ticket D．list
35．A．hopefully B．disappointedly C．gratefully D．regretfully
36．A．careful B．serious C．nervous D．pleasant
37．A．amused B．worried C．helpless D．speechless
38．A．calm B．nice C．proud D．clever
39．A．forgiveness B．eagerness C．friendliness D．skillfulness
40．A．explanation B．attitude C．concept D．behavior
【答案】
21．D
22．A
23．B
24．C
25．A
26．D
27．A
28．A
29．C
30．D
31．A
32．B
33．B
34．C
35．C
36．D
37．D
38．B
39．C
40．B
【解析】本文属于夹叙夹议文。“我”通过电话与“我”的代理商Rani交流时发现，她比较“冷漠”，让我很生气，甚至有了换人的想法。后来实际生活中的一次接触让我发现原来“我”的看法完全是错误的。生活中的Rani是一个很善良体贴的人。以此告诉我们不要随意下结论，要全面思考问题。
21．考查动词辨析。句意：你们也许从来都没有见过面。A. accepted接受；B. noticed注意；C. heard听说；听见；D. met遇见。根据第一句可知很多人只是通过电话了解你，你们也许从来都没有见过面，只是通过电话交流。故D正确。
22．考查动词辨析。句意：他们对你的了解来自电话。A. came来；B. moved移动；C. ran奔跑；D. developed发展，开发。他们对你的了解来自电话，因为你们之间的距离通常非常遥远，甚至在千里之外。故A正确。
23．考查副词。句意：虽然你们之间的距离很远，但是他们觉得通过你的声音就可以了解你。上下文之间是转折关系，所以使用副词yet。故B正确。
24．考查副词辨析。句意：别人认为只是通过声音就可以了解你。A. rather相当地；B. also也；C. just只是；D. already已经。本句使用just表示强调，别人认为只是通过声音就可以了解你。故C正确。
25．考查名词辨析。句意：这就是电话的强大之处。根据6空后的“only by phone”可知这里说的是电话的强大之处，故A正确。
26．考查形容词辨析。句意：电话虽然很强大，但有时并不准确。A. direct直接的；B. useful有用的；C. easy容易的；D. accurate准确的。本空前的but说明上下文之间是转折关系，电话虽然很强大，但有时并不准确。故D正确。
27．考查介词短语辨析。A. in person亲自；B. by myself靠自己；C. in public当众；D. on purpose故意地。A项与空前的faceless相呼应，Rani是代理人，但是我们从来没有碰过面。故A正确。
28．考查动词辨析。句意：Rani在电话里的声音很冷漠，让我很烦恼。A. annoyed 使烦恼；B. interested 使感兴趣；C. discouraged 使气馁；D. confused使困惑。空前的cold voice可知Rani在电话里的声音很冷漠，让我很不高兴，甚至想过要另外找一个代理人。说明我对她冷漠的声音很恼怒。故A正确。
29．考查动词辨析。句意：我有时想另找代理人。A. promote促进；B. train训练；C. find寻找，找到；D. know知道。正是因为Rani的声音让我很不舒服，所以我曾经想过另找代理人。故C正确。
30．考查动词辨析。句意：因为家中的紧急事情我要立刻预订回家的航班。A. arrange安排；B. postpone推迟；C. confirm确认；D. book预订。表示预定机票，故D正确。
31．考查介词短语。句意：我第一次去了Rani的办公室。A. for the first time第一次；B. at any time随时；C. from time to time有时，不时；D. in good time及时地，迅速地。因为情况紧急，所以我第一次去了Rani的办公室。故A正确。
32．考查动词辨析。句意：她看见我很着急，Rani非常同情我，给了我安慰的笑容。A. expecting期待，预料；B. seeing看见；C. testing检测；D. avoiding避免。故选B。
33．考查形容词辨析。句意：她给了我安慰的微笑。A. shy害羞的；B. comforting安慰的；C. familiar熟悉的；D. forced被迫的。她看到我很着急，笑着安慰我。故B正确。
34．考查名词辨析。句意：Rani很快帮我把机票打印出来。A. bill账单；B. form表格；C. ticket票；D. list清单。由30空可知我要预订回家的机票，这里指Rani很快帮我把机票打印出来。故C正确。
35．考查副词辨析。A. hopefully充满希望地；B. disappointedly感到失望地；C. gratefully感激地；D. regretfully遗憾地。对方如此迅速地帮我把机票打印出来，而且一直面带微笑，这让我心存感激。故C项正确。
36．考查形容词辨析。句意：我转过身，看见一个令人愉快的女人脸上挂着灿烂的笑容，招手祝我一路平安。A. careful细心的；B. serious严肃的，认真的；C. nervous紧张的；D. pleasant令人愉快的。现实生活中的Rani富有同情心，待人热情大方，是一个令人愉快的相处对象。故D项正确。
37．考查形容词辨析。A. amused好笑的；B. worried担心的；C. helpless 无助的；D. speechless无语的。现实生活中的她是如此的体贴大方，而我之前却认为她很冷漠，我真是无话可说。故D项正确。
38．考查形容词辨析。之前我认为Rani很冷漠，但却没有想到实际生活中的Rani是如此的美好善良。A. calm 平静的；B. nice美好的； C. proud骄傲的； D. clever聪明的。故B项正确。
39．考查名词辨析。句意：Rani的友善——她温暖的微笑，她的点头，她“我在这里为你”的态度——都是无声的信号，没有通过电线传递。A. forgiveness谅解；B. eagerness急切；C. friendliness友好；D. skillfulness熟练。从上文内容可知Rani对我非常友好善良，并没有电话中的那种冷漠的感觉。故C项正确。
40．考查名词辨析。A. explanation解释；B. attitude态度；C. concept概念；D. behavior行为。Rani善良友好的态度并没有从电话线中传递过去。B项指Rani对我的友好态度。故B项正确。
【2015年】
1.(2015年，浙江卷）
Since finishing my studies at Harvard and Oxford, I’ve watched one friend after another land high-ranking, high-paying Wall Street jobs. As executives (高级管理人员) with banks, consulting firms, established law firms, and major corporations, many are now 161 on their way to impressive careers. By society’s 162 , they seem to have it made.
On the surface, these people seem to be very lucky in life. As they left student life behind, many had a 163 drink at their cheap but friendly local bar, shook hands with longtime roommates, and 164 out of small apartments into high buildings. They made reservations at restaurants where the cost of a bottle of wine 165 a college year’s monthly rent. They replaced their beloved old cars with expensive new sports cars.
The thing is, a number of them have 166 that despite their success, they aren’t happy. Some 167 of unfriendly coworkers and feel sad for eight-hour workweeks devoted to tasks they 168 . Some do not respect the companies they work for and talk of feeling tired and 169 . However, instead of devoting themselves to their work, they find themselves working to support the 170 to which they have so quickly become 171 .
People often speak of trying a more satisfying path, and 172 in the end the idea of leaving their jobs to work for something they 173 or finding a position that would give them more time with their families almost always leads them to the same conclusion: it’s 174 . They have loans, bills, a mortgage (抵押贷款) to 175 , retirement to save for. They recognize there’s something 176 in their lives, but it’s 177 to step off the track.
In a society that tends to 178 everything in terms of dollars and cents, we learn from a young age to consider the costs of our 179 in financial terms. But what about the personal and social costs 180 in pursuing money over meaning? These are exactly the kinds of costs many of us tend to ignore — and the very ones we need to consider most.
161.A.much B.never C.seldom D.well
162.A.policies B.standards C.experiments D.regulations
163.A.last B.least C.second D.best
164.A.cycled B.moved C.slid D.looked
165.A.shared B.paid C.equaled D.collected
166.A.advertised B.witnessed C.admitted D.demanded
167.A.complain B.dream C.hear D.approve
168.A.distribute B.hate C.applaud D.neglect
169.A.calm B.guilty C.warm D.empty
170.A.family B.government C.lifestyle D.project
171.A.accustomed B.appointed C.unique D.available
172.A.yet B.also C.instead D.rather
173.A.let out B.turn in C.give up D.believe in
174.A.fundamental B.practical C.impossible D.unforgettable
175.A.take off B.drop off C.put off D.pay off
176.A.missing B.inspiring C.sinking D.shining
177.A.harmful B.hard C.useful D.normal
178.A.measure B.suffer C.digest D.deliver
179.A.disasters B.motivations C.campaigns D.decisions
180.A.assessed B.involved C.covered D.reduced
【答案】DBABCCABDCAADCDABADB
【解析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。讲述作者大学毕业后在工作和生活体验中理解了成功的真正含义，指出“物质上的成功和享受并不代表精神的富足和幸福”这一价值趋向。
161.考查副词以及对语境的理解。 A. much意为许多，B. never意为绝不，C. seldom意为很少，D. well意为好。根据前一句话“I’ve watched one friend after another land high-ranking, high-paying Wall Street jobs. As executives(高级管理人员) with banks, consulting firms, established law firms, and major corporations,” 者的很多朋友已经成为“银行、咨询公司、法律事务所以及大公司等的高级管理人员”，此处表示“现在很多人在职业之路上是非常出色的”，well是“表现出色地，很好地”之意，符合语境。故选D。
162. 考查名词以及对语境的理解。 A. policies意为政策，B. standards意为标准，C. experiments意为实验，D. regulations意为规章制度。根据语境可知，从社会的标准来看，他们似乎已经创造了它。​根据空格前面的介词by及上下文语境可推知，此处表示“按照……标准”。故选B。
163. 考查形容词以及对语境的理解。A. last意为最后的，B. least 意为最少的，C. second意为第二，D. best意为最好的。根据前面的“As they left student life behind...”可知，当他们离开学校时，很多人去便宜且友好的当地酒吧喝最后一次酒。所以选A。
164. 考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. cycled意为骑车或循环，B. moved意为搬家，C. slid 意为滑落，D. looked意为看。根据上文不难得出生活好了，以后都不会去（这是最后一次去）这些廉价的酒吧了，也搬到好的地方住了。所以选B。
165.考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. shared意为分享，B. paid 意为支付，C. equaled意为等同，D. collected意为收集，They made reservations at restaurants where the cost of a bottle of wine a college year’s monthly rent.句意是：生活好了，预订的房间里的酒价格等同于大学一个月的房租。equal与……相等或相同，符合语境。故选C。
166.考查动词以及对语境的理解。 A. advertise意为广告，B. witnessed意为目击，C. admitted 意为承认，D. demanded意为要求。“The thing is, a number of them have that despite their success, they aren’t happy.” 意为很多人承认，尽管他们很成功，但是很不开心。admitted承认，表示人们的看法或想法，符合语境。故选C。
167. 考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. complain意为抱怨，B. dream意为梦想，C. hear 意为听到，D. approve意为证明。根据上一句的不开心，所以不难得出答案是抱怨。故选A。
168. 考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. distribute意为分发，B. hate意为厌恶，C. applaud意为鼓掌，D. neglect意为忽略。根据上文的不开心和抱怨，不能得出答案是厌恶。故选B。
169.考查形容词以及对语境的理解。A. calm意为平静，B. guilty意为有罪的，C. warm意为温暖，D. empty意为空的，累的。根据空格前后的语境，特别是feeling tired可推知，此处表示有些人并不尊重自己为之工作的公司，而且会感到厌倦和空虚，故此处答案为empty，意为“空虚的”与tired感情色彩一致。故选D。
170. 考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. family意为家庭，B. government意为政府，C. lifestyle意为生活方式，D. project意为项目。前文提到很多都是生活，如学校生活，工作生活，结合语境不能得出答案是生活方式。故选C。
171.考查形容词以及对语境的理解。A. accustomed意为习惯的，B. appointed意为指定的，C. unique意为独一无二的，D. available意为可利用的。“However, instead of devoting themselves to their work, they find themselves working to support the to which they have so quickly become . 意为“但是，不是全身心投入于工作，他们发现工作只是为了维持这种很快就习以为常的生活方式。”固定表达become accustomed to对……变得习以为常，习惯于。故选A。
172. 考查副词以及对语境的理解。A. yet意为但是，表转折，B. also 意为也，表递进，C. instead 意为代替，D. rather意为相反。此句是长难句。意为：人们总是说走一种满意的道路，离职去从事他们自己看好的事情，或者找到一个能让他们有更多时间和家人在一起的职位，几乎总是会让他们得出同样的结论，：这不可能。根据上下文可知，这里表示转折关系，故要用yet。所以选A。
173. 考查动词短语以及对语境的理解。A. let out 意为发出，B. turn in意为上交，归还，C. give up 意为放弃，D. believe in意为相信。然而，最后，离职去从事他们自己看好的事情，或者找到一个能让他们有更多时间和家人在一起的职位，几乎总是会让他们得出同样的结论：这不可能。。believe in相信，符合语境。故选D。
174.考查形容词以及对语境的理解。A. fundamental意为基本的，B. practical意为实践的，C. impossible意为不可能的，D. unforgettable意为难忘的。此句是长难句。意为：然而，最后，离职去从事他们自己看好的事情，或者找到一个能让他们有更多时间和家人在一起的职位，几乎总是会让他们得出同样的结论：这不可能。​联系下文可知，想法没有成为现实，impossible，意为“不可能的”。故选C。
175. 考查动词短语以及对语境的理解。A. take off 意为起飞，B. drop off 意为减少，C. put off意为推迟，D. pay off意为付清。句意：他们有借款、账单、抵押货款需要支付。​根据空格前面的loans，bills，a mortgage可知，此处表示“有借款、账单、抵押货款需要付清”。根据mortgage（抵押贷款）以及结合常识，不难得出答案。故选D。
176.考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. missing意为失去，B. inspiring意为鼓舞，C. sinking 意为沉没，D. shining意为闪亮。句意是为他们意识到，在生活中失去missing了一些什么，但是他们却很难离开这个轨迹。根据句意不难得出答案。故选A。
177.考查形容词以及对语境的理解。A. harmful 意为有害的，B. hard 意为困难的，C. useful意为有用的，D. normal意为正常的。句意是：他们意识到，在生活中失去了一些什么，但是他们却很难离开这个轨迹。根据句意不难得出答案。故选B。
178. 考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. measure 意为衡量，B. suffer意为遭受，C. digest意为消化，D. deliver意为运送。句意为：当前的社会，人们趋向于用钱来衡量measure所有的事情，我们在很小的时候就知道，应该考虑我们决定的经济代价。用金钱来衡量一切的社会，金钱是人们进行判断事情的倾向，故选A。
179.考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. disasters 意为灾难，B. motivations意为动机，C. campaigns意为战役，D. decisions意为决定。句意为：当前的社会，人们趋向于用钱来衡量所有的事情，我们在很小的时候就知道，应该考虑我们决定decisions的经济代价。故选D。
180.考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. assessed意为评估，B. involved意为涉及，C. covered意为覆盖，D. reduced意为减少。involved in 意为参与；涉及。句意为：我们参与追求钱高于意义的过程中，所涉及的个人以及社会代价呢？我们参与追求钱高于意义的活动过程。故选B。
【2014年】无
【2013年】
1.(2013年，上海卷）
Over the past few decades, more and more countries have opened up the markets, increasingly transforming the world economy into one free-flowing global market. The question is: Is economic globalization 1 for all?
According to the World Bank, one of its chief supporters, economic globalization has helped reduce 2 in a large number of developing countries. It quotes one study that shows increased wealth 3 to improved education and longer life in twenty-four developing countries as a result of integration (融合) of local economies into the world economy. Home to some three billion people, these twenty-four countries have seen incomes 4 at an average rate of five percent—compared to two percent in developed countries.
Those who 5 globalization claim that economies in developing countries will benefit from new opportunities for small and home-based businesses. 6 , small farmers in Brazil who produce nuts that would originally have sold only in 7 open-air markets can now promote their goods worldwide by the Internet.
Critics take a different view, believing that economic globalization is actually 8 the gap between the rich and poor. A study carried out by the U.N.-sponsored World Commission on the Social Dimension of Globalization shows that only a few developing countries have actually 9 from integration into the world economy and that the poor, the uneducated, unskilled workers, and native peoples have been left behind. 10 , they maintain that globalization may eventually threaten emerging businesses. For example, Indian craftsmen who currently seem to benefit from globalization because they are able to 11 their products may soon face fierce competition that could put them out of 12 . When large-scale manufacturers start to produce the same goods, or when superstores like Wal-Mart move in, these small businesses will not be able to 13 and will be crowded out.
One thing is certain about globalization—there is no 14 . Advances in technology combined with more open policies have already created an interconnected world. The 15 now is finding a way to create a kind of globalization that works for the benefit of all.
1.A.possible B.smooth C.good D.easy
2.A.crime B.poverty C.conflict D.population
3.A.contributing B.responding C.turning D.owing
4.A.remain B.drop C.shift D.increase
5.A.doubt B.define C.advocate D.ignore
6.A.In addition B.For instance C.In other words D.All in all
7.A.mature B.new C.local D.foreign
8.A.finding B.exploring C.bridging D.widening
9.A.suffered B.profited C.learned D.withdrawn
10.A.Furthermore B.Therefore C.However D.Otherwise
11.A.consume B.deliver C.export D.advertise
12.A.trouble B.business C.power D.mind
13.A.keep up B.come in C.go around D.help out
14.A.taking off B.getting along C.holding out D.turning back
15.A.agreement B.prediction C.outcome D.challenge
【答案】CBADC BCDBA CBADD
【解析】本文是说明文，文章主要讲述的是市场开放，即全球化给人们带来的影响。文章中包含两种相反的观点，一种观点陈述的是全球化带来的好处，一种观点陈述的是全球化带来的问题，各有充足的论点和论据。文章最后得出结论：全球化不可避免、无回头路可走，只有想办法找到一条最好的全球化的道路。
1.考查形容词。句意：问题是，经济全球化对所有人都好吗（有好处吗）?A.possible可能的；B.smooth顺利的，光滑的，平稳的；C.good好的；D.easy简单的。根据上一句的“increasingly transforming the world economy into one free-flowing global market可知，逐渐地把世界经济转变为了一个自由流动的全球大市场，很明显这是讲市场开放的好处，这里是针对这种情况进行发问，故选C。
2.考查名词。句意：经济全球化帮助减少贫困。A.crime 犯罪；B.poverty贫困；C.conflict冲突；D.population人口。根据后文的“It quotes one study that shows increased wealth 52 to improved education and longer life in twenty-four developing countries ”中的increased wealth(增加的财富)可知，市场开放给这些国家带来了财富的增加，财富增加了，那么就是减少了贫困问题。故选B。
3.考查动词短语。句意：增加的财富使教育得到了改善，人的寿命得到了延长。A.contributing促成，导致；B.responding对……做出反应；C.turning转向，向某人求助；D.owing to由于。根据后面的improved education and longer life可知，教育得到了改善，人的寿命得到了延长，因此是产生了好的促进作用，故选A。
4.考查动词。句意：这24个国家的人的收入增加了平均百分之五。A.remain仍然；B.drop下降；C.shift转移，变换；D.increase增加。根据上文中的It quotes one study that shows increased wealth 52 to improved education and longer life in twenty-four developing countries可知，这24个国家的财富增加了，也就是说他们的收入增加了，即increase。故选D。
5.考查动词。句意：发展中国家的经济会收益，源于小型的、家庭型生意获得的新机会。A.doubt怀疑；B.define定义、规定、明确；C.advocate提倡，拥护；D.ignore忽视。根据后面的 economies in developing countries will benefit from new opportunities for small and home-based businesses可知，发展中国家的经济会收益，源于小型的、家庭型生意获得的新机会，尤其是其中的“benefit from”可知，该观点的those（人们）是支持，提倡市场开放的，故选C项。
6.考查介词短语。句意：例如，巴西的小农场主，他们生产的坚果原本只在当地市场销售。上一句讲到了小型的、家庭型的生意会获得更多的机会，该句讲的是他们具体是得到怎样的机会，因此属于具体说明、举例说明，故选择B项的for instance，意为“例如”。In addition意为“此外”，表递进关系。In other words换句话说。All in all总而言之。故选B。
7.考查形容词。句意：例如，巴西的小农场主，他们生产的坚果原本只在当地市场销售。A.mature成熟的；B.new新的；C.local当地的；D.foreign国外的。根据后面的“can now promote their goods worldwide by the Internet.”中的now, worldwide与前半句的originally和 in 56 open-air markets 是对比关系，即过去是当地市场，现在市场开放后是全球市场。故选C。
8.考查动词。句意：经济全球化加大了穷人和富人之间的差距。A.finding找到；B.exploring探索；C.bridging架桥、度过；D.widening变宽。根据前面的“Critics take a different view”可知，该部分陈述的是反对市场开放的观点，因此他们认为市场开放会加大（widen）穷人和富人之间的差距。故选D。
9.考查动词。句意：只有少部分发展中国家是从中（市场开放）收益的。A.suffered遭受；B.profited获益、盈利；C.learned学习；D.withdrawn撤退、收回。根据后面的“the poor, the uneducated, unskilled workers, and native peoples have been left behind”可知，穷人、未受教育的人、没有技术的工人和当地人都被丢在了后面，也就是说只有少部分人是从中（市场开放）收益的，故选B。
10.考查连词。句意：而且全球化会逐渐威胁到新兴企业。A.Furthermore此外，表递进关系；B.Therefore因此，因果关系；C.However然而，转折关系；D.Otherwise否则，转折关系。根据下文的“globalization may eventually threaten emerging businesses.”可知，该观点与上面几句的观点类似，都是属于反对市场开放的，但是该观点与上面的加大贫富差距不一样，因此跟上一观点是递进关系，故选A。
11.考查动词。句意：例如，印度的手艺人目前看起来是从全球化中收益了，因为他们可以出口他们的商品，但是他们很快就会面对激烈的竞争，这可能会让他们破产。A.consume消耗、消费；B.deliver递送，发表；C.export出口；D.advertise做广告。根据上文中的“small farmers in Brazil who produce nuts that would originally have sold only in 56 open-air markets can now promote their goods worldwide by the Internet”可知，当地人可以通过互联网把商品卖到世界各地，即向国外出口（export)商品，故选C。
12.考查介词短语。句意：但是他们很快就会面对激烈的竞争，这可能会让他们破产。根据前文face fierce competition可知，激烈的竞争可能会导致他们破产，即out of business。Out of trouble 脱离困境；out of power丧失权力；out of mind心不在焉。故选B。
13.考查动词短语。句意：小手艺人的生意将不能继续下去。A.keep up保持、继续、不落后；B.come in进来；C.go around四处走动、供应；D.help out帮助……摆脱困境。根据上文的out of business和下文的be crowded out可知，此处指的是小手艺人的生意将不能继续下去。故选A。
14.考查动词短语。句意：全球化是必然的，是没有回头路可走的。A.taking off起飞，脱掉；B.getting along相处、进展；C.holding out伸出、坚持；D.turning back往回走。根据下文可知，随着科技的发展，还会有更多的开放政策，将会出现更好的全球化，因此可知，全球化是必然的，是没有回头路可走的，故选D。
15.考查名词。句意：目前最大的挑战就是找到一个方法，来创造出一个能够对每一个人都有好处的全球化。A.agreement同意、一致；B.prediction预测、预计；C.outcome后果；D.challenge挑战。创造出对每个人都有好处的全球化是一个挑战。故选D。
【2012年】
1.(2012年，湖南卷）
"What's it like to have a gap between your teeth?" a girl asked me one day.
Nobody had ever 181 before. My hand unconsciously rose to cover my mouth. But, as she looked at me, sincerely waiting for 182 , 1 realized she was not trying to be rude. "I never think about it," I truthfully replied. She nodded and turned away. I was left wondering if people 183 me and saw only gappy teeth.
Later that day at home, I began to 184 my teeth again. I felt upset. I thought my life would be somehow better if my teeth were not gappy. How I wanted the perfect teeth that everyone else seemed to have!
Of course, Mom 185 everything . She has lived her entire life with gappy teeth, and tried to convince me that there was nothing to 186 When I refused to listen, she told me I could get the surgery to close the gap if it was that important. "Let's be 187 though," she said. "If everyone got surgeries to become pretty, everyone would be exactly the same. There is beauty in differences."
Her 188 made me consider my teeth seriously. The thought of losing my gap was more terrible than the reality that people were going to notice it. I realized how important it was to me. It is part of my 189 .
Nowadays many people do ridiculous things to realize their dream of "perfection." The 190 is that no one is perfect. When all potential for ugliness is removed, so is all of the potential for 191 .
So if that girl ever asked about my teeth 192 I would truthfully answer. "You know? It's really cute."
181.A.faced B.guessed C.asked D.imagined
182.A.an offer B.an answer C.a suggestion D.a result
183.A.heard of B.thought of C.talked about D.looked at
184.A.consider B.brush C.cover D.appreciate
185.A.admitted B.noticed C.controlled D.changed
186.A.worry about B.put off C.give up D.wipe out
187.A.friendly B.lovely C.honest D.helpful
188.A.words B.jokes C.dreams D.acts
189.A.ability B.decision C.goal D.identity
190.A.possibility B.purpose C.truth D.choice
191.A.courage B.wisdom C.kindness D.beauty
192.A.once B.again C.too D.instead
【答案】CBDAC ACADB DB
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了我和妈妈对于自己牙齿缝隙不同看法的一则小故事。
181.从前没有人这么“问过”。指上文的问题。
182.小女孩问完之后，看着我，正真诚地等我“回答”。
183.本题干扰选项难排除。重点把握文中and逻辑，空格和saw必定有关，答案looked at；句意为：只剩下我一个人在那里想，是否有人看我时只注意到我的豁牙子呢？look at指看的动作；see指看的结果。
184.因后有again提示，故往前搜索，会发现对应wondering解题，答案consider为最佳；
185.妈妈“注意到”了这一切。这里指妈妈发现了我的变化。
186.她想让我相信长个豁牙子没有什么可担忧的
187.让我们诚实点。这里指不必刻意地追求美，有个豁牙子没什么，不必掩饰，要诚实点。
188.这里指上一段妈妈说的话。
189.它是我独特性的一部分。长个豁牙子正显示了我的独特。
190.事实上没有人是完美的。“事实真相”相当于their dream of “perfection”而言。
191.答案为beauty。有however，为转折逻辑。解题关键是要认识ugliness。一旦失去了丑的可能，美的可能也会失去。此处beauty和ugliness是对立的概念。
192.asked about之前出现过，因而答案为again；文章开头提到小女孩问问题，所以这里说如果这个小女孩“再次”问的话，我会如实回答。
2.(2012年，江苏卷）
The concept of solitude (独处) in the digital world is almost non-existent. In the world of digital technology, e-mail, social networking and online video games, information is meant to be____36___. Solitude can be hard to discover ___37____it has been given up. In this respect, new technologies have ___38____our culture.
The desire to be connected has brought solitude to a(n) ___39____as we’ve known it. People have become so ___40____in the world of networks and connections that one can often be contacted ____41___they’d rather not be. Today we can talk, text, e-mail, chat and blog (写博客), not only from our ___42____, but from our mobile phones as well.
Most developed nations have become ___43____on digital technology simply because they’ve grown accustomed to it, and at this point not ___44____it would make them an outsider. ___45____, many jobs and careers require people to be ___46____. From this point of view, technology has changed the culture of work. Being reachable might feel like a ___47____to those who may not want to be able to be contacted at all times.
I suppose the positive side is that solitude is still possible for anyone who ___48____wants it. Computers can be shut ___49____and mobile phones can be turned off. The ability to be “connected”and “ on”has many ___50____, as well as disadvantages. Travelers have ended up ___51____on mountains, and mobile phones have saved countless lives. They can also make people feel ___52____and forced to answer unwanted calls or___53____to unwanted texts.
Attitudes towards our connectedness as a society ___54____ across generations. Some find today’s technology a gift. Others consider it a curse. Regardless of anyone’s view on the subject, it’s hard to imagine what life would be like ___55____daily advancements in technology.
16.A.updated B.received C.shared D.collected
17.A.though B.until C.once D.before
18.A.respected B.shaped C.ignored D.preserved
19.A.edge B.stage C.end D.balance
20.A.sensitive B.intelligent C.considerate D.reachable
21.A.even if B.only if C.as if D.if only
22.A.media B.computers C.databases D.monitors
23.A.bent B.hard C.keen D.dependent
24.A.finding B.using C.protecting D.changing
25.A.Also B.Instead C.Otherwise D.Somehow
26.A.connected B.trained C.recommended D.interested
27.A.pleasure B.benefit C.burden D.disappointment
28.A.slightly B.hardly C.merely D.really
29.A.out B.down C.up D.in
30.A.aspects B.weaknesses C.advantages D.exceptions
31.A.hidden B.lost C.relaxed D.deserted
32.A.trapped B.excited C.confused D.amused
33.A.turn B.submit C.object D.reply
34.A.vary B.arise C.spread D.exist
35.A.beyond B.within C.despite D.without
【答案】CCBCD ABDBA ACDBC BADAD
【解析】这是一篇议论文。独处理念在当今数码世界几乎不复存在，新技术使我们连接成了一个社会，并塑造了我们的文化。能够被连接在一起既有优势也有弊端。不管人们对这一话题持何种态度，如果没有日常技术进步，很难想象生活会是什么样子。
16.考查动词。根据上一句可知，独处理念在数码世界几乎不存在，因此信息的意义在于分享。update“更新”；receive“接收”；share“分享”；collect“收集”。
17.考查连词。句意：“独处一旦被放弃就很难发现。”though“尽管”，表让步；until“直到”，表时间；once“一旦”，表条件；before“在……之前”，表时间。
18.考查动词。句意：“从这方面来说，新技术塑造了我们的文化。”respect“尊重”；shape“塑造”（跟46空后changed一致）；ignore“忽视”；preserve“保存”。
19.考查名词。句意：“被联系的渴望使独处消亡。”edge“边缘”；stage“舞台，阶段”；end“结束”，bring an end to“使……结束”；balance“平衡”。
20.考查形容词。句意“在网络交织的世界里，人们已经变得如此随处可及。”sensitive“敏感的”；intelligent“有才智的”；considerate“体贴的”；reachable“可到达的”。
21.考查连词。句意：“即使他们不情愿也能经常被联系上。”even if“即使”，表让步；only if“只要，只有”，表条件；as if“似乎，好像”，表方式；if only“要是….就好了”，表虚拟。
22.考查名词。句意：“今天，我们不仅可以通过电脑，也可以通过手机谈话，编辑短信，发邮件，聊天和写博客。”media“媒体”（包括手机，种属矛盾）；computer“电脑”（与手机并列）；database“数据库”；monitor“监视器”。
23.考查形容词。句意：“大多数发达国家已经依赖于数码技术，仅仅因为习惯于此。”be bent on“热衷于，专心致志于……”；be hard on“对……苛刻”；be keen on“热衷于，喜欢……”be dependent on“对……依赖”。
24.考查动名词。句意：“这个时候，不使用数码技术将会使他们成为局外人。”find“发现”；use“使用”；protect“保护”；change“保护”。
25.考查副词。句意：“而且，许多工作和职业需要人们联系在一起。”also“而且”；instead“相反”；otherwise“否则”；somehow“不知何故，不知怎地”。
26.考查动词。句意同上。connect“连接，联系”；train“训练”；recommend“推荐”；interest“使感兴趣”。
27.考查名词。句意：“对那些可能不想总是能够被联系上的人来说，随处可及可能感觉像个负担”。pleasure“乐事”；benefit“益事”；burden“负担”；disappointment“令人失望的事”。
28.考查副词。句意：“我认为，积极的一面是—对任何真的想要独处的人来说仍然是可能的。”slightly“稍微低”；hardly“几乎不”；merely“仅仅”；really“真正地”。
29.考查副词。句意：“电脑可以被关机，手机也是。”shut out“把......关在外面”shut down“关闭”（与该空后turn off一致）；shut up“使闭嘴”；shut in“围住”
30.考查名词。句意：“能够被联系上既有优势也有弊端”。aspect“方面”；weakness“弱点”；advantage“优势”（与该空后disadvantage相对）；exception“例外”。
31.考查分词。句意“旅行者最后迷失在大山上，手机挽救了无数的生命。”hidden“藏起来”；lost“迷路”；relaxed“放松的”；deserted“被遗弃，空无一人的”。end up done/adj/doing“以……告终（为结局）”。
32.考查分词。句意：“手机也会使人们感到受限制……”trapped“被困的，受限制的”；excited“激动兴奋的”；confused“困惑的”；amused“愉快的，开心的”。
33.考查名词。句意：“……被迫接骚扰电话，回复骚扰短信。”turn to“转向”；submit to“屈从于”；object to“反对”；reply to“回复”。
34.考查动词。句意：“对于我们被连接成一个社会，不同代的人态度不一。”vary“变化，呈多样化”；arise“（问题）出现”；spread“散步，蔓延”；exist“存在”。
35.考查介词。句意：“不管人们对这一话题持何种态度，如果没有日常技术进步，很难想象生活会是什么样子。”beyond“超出”；within“在……范围内”；despite“尽管”；without“没有”。