2022届高考英语一轮复习课时练习（新教材外研版）Unit 3 Family matters

这是一份2022届高考英语一轮复习课时练习（新教材外研版）Unit 3 Family matters，共9页。

Unit 3　Family matters
阅读·提速练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Foods of the Future
We asked young scientists to write an advertisement that answers this question：How will food options，food availability，and individuals’ food choices change in the future? A selection of their suggested marketing campaigns is below.Read previous NextGen Voices survey results at http：//science.sciencemag.org/collection/nextgen-voices.—Jennifer Sills
Personalized Meal Plans
Send us your DNA，and we will predict your food preferences! Receive your personalized food basket，with a day-by-day diet program.We will send you full meals and personalized smoothies(水果奶昔) based on your genetic taste tendency.
Ada Gabriela Blidner
Twitter：@ adagbb
Fresh Fruit
If you miss sweet temperate fruits，welcome to our Moon Farm.Our fruit trees are planted in hybrid-soil and artificial air that reproduce Earth’s environment from 5,000 years ago.Pick fruits with your family or ship to your doorstep with MoonEx.Freshness guaranteed.
Yongsheng Ji
Email：jiyongshengkey@hotmail.com
Meat
Our steaks are sourced from natural grasslands，where cattle now fill the ecological roles.With FoodFootprint feeding system，we enhance natural grazing(放牧) to improve animal growth effectively while minimizing methane production and water consumption.At only $219.00/kg (including carbon taxes and ecological taxes)，our steaks are affordable for the whole family.
Falko Buschke
Email：falko.buschke@gmail.com
语篇解读　本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了未来个人食物选择新趋势。

1．Which of the following needs you to provide the information of your genes?
A．Meat.
B．Fresh Fruit.
C．NextGen Voices.
D．Personalized Meal Plans.
答案　D
解析　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Send us your DNA，and we will predict your food preferences！”可知，Personalized Meal Plans需要提供基因信息。故选D。
2．Who should you contact if you want to have fun with your family?
A．Jennifer Sills. B．Yongsheng Ji.
C．Falko Buschke. D．Ada Gabriela Blidner.
答案　B
解析　细节理解题。根据Fresh Fruit部分的“Pick fruits with your family...”以及后文给出的联系方式可知，你想和家人欢度时光时需要联系Yongsheng Ji。故选B。
3．Which of the following best describes the steaks in Meat?
A．Fresh. B．Green.
C．Expensive. D．Personalized.
答案　B
解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句可知，能最好描述牛排的是纯天然，无污染：green。故选B。
B
(2021·新高考八省第一次模拟)
In Old Town Alexandria，Virginia，you can find Jamey Turner playing an unusual musical instrument，the glass harp(竖琴)．A glass harp is made up of different-sized drinking glasses，each filled with water.
Turner makes music by running his fingers over the tops of the glasses.By doing so，each glass makes a different musical sound.Visitors to Alexandria like what they see and hear.They thank Turner by leaving a dollar or more in his box for donations.Jamey Turner is 78 years old.Turner became interested in playing the glass harp at the age of six，when he heard his father playing with a glass of water at the dinner table.He has been playing it for 50 years.
Today Turner puts together his instrument by placing 60 different glasses on a wooden soundboard.He holds the glasses in place with rubber bands，which keeps them from breaking.He then adds different amounts of water to each one to create different musical notes.Adding or taking away just a little water will change the sound.Adding water to a glass will make a lower sound.The smaller bowls of water produce a higher sound，while the larger ones produce a lower，deeper sound.
Turner always uses low-priced glass because it sounds better than costly crystal(水晶) and he has more control over the sound.Before buying new glasses，he will test them in stores.He decides if they produce the right sound by rubbing his finger over the top of them.
The glass harp was popular 300 years ago when composers like Wolfgang Mozart wrote music for the instrument.There have been about 400 pieces of music written just for the glass harp.But Turner plays all kinds of music，even popular music from China.Few people play the glass harp these days，but Turner says he sees videos of people experimenting with the instrument on YouTube.He hopes the next generation will continue making its music.
语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了弗吉尼亚的 Jamey Turner 用一种非同寻常的乐器——玻璃杯竖琴演奏出了美妙的音乐。

4．What do visitors think of Jamey Turner’s performance?
A．Boring. B．Attractive.
C．Strange. D．Common.
答案　B
解析　推理判断题。根据文章第二段中“Visitors to Alexandria like what they see and hear.They thank Turner by leaving a dollar or more in his box for donations.”可知，游客非常喜欢 Jamey Turner 的表演，他们往往会捐出一美元甚至更多以感谢他的表演。由此可推知，游客认为 Jamey Turner 的表演很吸引人。
5．How can Jamey Turner change the sounds of the glasses?
A．By beating the glasses in different parts.
B．By placing the glasses on a wooden board.
C．By holding different glasses with rubber bands.
D．By adding or reducing water in the glasses.
答案　D
解析　细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“Adding or taking away just a little water will change the sound.”可知，Jamey Turner 通过增加或者减少杯子中的水量来改变声音。
6．What may be Jamey Turner’s real worry about the glass harp?
A．Little music is written for the instrument.
B．People are trying to play the instrument online.
C．Few people are playing the instrument these days.
D．The instrument cannot produce some beautiful sounds.
答案　C
解析　细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中的 “Few people play the glass harp these days...He hopes the next generation will continue making its music.”可知，目前几乎没有人会演奏这种玻璃杯竖琴，这正是Jamey Turner所担心的。

7．What is the best title for this text?
A．Making Music by Playing Glasses
B．Special Sounds from Glasses
C．Devotion to Playing Glasses for Fun
D．Fingers over the Tops of the Glasses
答案　A
解析　标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了弗吉尼亚的Jamey Turner用一种非同寻常的乐器——玻璃杯竖琴演奏出了美妙的音乐。故选项A最适合作本文的标题。
C
(2021·江苏苏州四市五区调研)
I’m Jeff Logan，president of Logan Luxury Theaters Corporation.I’m very sorry to tell you many cinemas are at risk of closing permanently(永久)．That’s something we would hate to see happen.
Watching the newest box office movie and eating a big bucket of popcorn is an experience that many of us have enjoyed for a very long time.We all have fond memories of going to a theater of our first dates or the first movie we saw with our children.A movie theater is so important to the fabric of the local community.It’s a place where we all gather，no matter what our interests，and no matter what ages，young and old，rich and poor.
But how much longer will classic theaters remain open? Just like other industries，movie theaters have been hit hard by the pandemic(流行病)and are going dark.The entire industry is being controlled by the pandemic，because the studios don’t want to release their new movies until all the theaters can be open.As we all know，the theaters can’t do well and can’t get back to full 7-day a week at full speed operation without new movies to play.
Recently，the Logan Luxury 5 Cinema in Mitchell reopened for the weekends.However，like many theaters，it is only operating at about 10 percent capacity.Since opening，several new safety measures have been put in place.Block off every other row.People are asked to leave three seats between them and the next group.Staff spray the theater with disinfectant(消毒剂)after every show.And sanitizer stations can be found throughout the theater.
Even so，some people still aren’t comfortable going to a movie theater yet.I fully understand that.Anyhow，I just hope we must do something else to help out our local theaters，like taking part in a new national proposal called “Save Your Cinema.”
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。作者通过这篇文章讲述了电影院对当地社会的重要性，以及目前在疫情下电影院所面临的困难，并呼吁大家帮助电影院。


8．What does the underlined word “fabric” in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A．Typical feature. B．Basic structure.
C．Public support. D．Common vision.
答案　B
解析　词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句以及下一句可知，电影院是我们所有人聚集的地方，不论兴趣、年龄、长幼、贫富。由此可知，它对当地社区的基本结构很重要。故画线词意为“基本结构”。
9．Why are the film studios unwilling to release the new movies?
A．Cinemas don’t operate normally.
B．New movies aren’t welcomed.
C．People don’t like going to cinema.
D．Many cinemas go out of business.
答案　A
解析　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“the studios don’t want to release their new movies until all the theaters can be open”可知，电影工作室不希望在影院复工前上映影片。由此可知，电影院没有恢复正常运营。
10．What can we infer about the Logan Luxury 5 Cinema after its reopening?
A．It makes a lot of money.
B．It does well in disease prevention.
C．It receives a large audience every day.
D．It offers more enjoyable experience.
答案　B
解析　推理判断题。根据第四段的内容可知，影院减少了载客容量，隔开了观影者的位置，并常常消毒清理。由此可推知，他们在防疫这方面做得很好。故选B项。
11．What is the purpose of this text?
A．To share the good old days.
B．To explain a social problem.
C．To recommend a theater.
D．To ask for people’s help.
答案　D
解析　写作意图题。通读全文尤其根据最后一段的内容可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是呼吁大家帮助电影院摆脱困境。


D
(2021·河北唐山摸底考试)
The negative health impacts of plastic on both wildlife and humans have been well-documented.
However，plastics，which are used for everything from grocery bags to food packaging，are hard to avoid.
Now，French start-up Carbios wants to solve the world’s plastic pollution problem with a mutant bacterial enzyme(酶) that digests PET—the most abundant polyester plastic(聚酯塑料) used to produce packaging and plastic bottles—and turns it into its chemical building blocks.The resulting material can be used to create anything and，more importantly，can be endlessly recycled.
“Mechanical recycling is limited，” explains Carbios CEO Martin.“After 6 or 7 cycles of recycling，the plastic might only be good enough to use for something like the plastic on the backing of a carpet，and eventually，it will have to be thrown away.So it’s not a solution for the end of life of plastics，whereas our solution is an unlimited recycling solution.”
The company’s search for the best plastic-eating bacteria began about a decade ago，with 100,000 promising candidates.The list was soon reduced to one—a leaf compost bug.Once it had been identified，Carbios’ scientists introduced mutations(突变)．The new and improved enzyme was able to downgrade up to 90 percent of a ton of plastic in only 10 hours.To break down the plastic，the waste and the enzyme will be heated for 16 hours at 65℃.The resulting mix is then purified.This allows for the recovery of the chemical building blocks and removes any additives and colors that may be present.
“This technique will certainly help reduce plastic pollution，” Martin said.“But we can only win the battle if people do a better job of ensuring plastic waste ends up in a recycling bin.”
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了法国初创企业Carbios想要通过一种突变体的细菌酶来降解聚酯塑料从而解决塑料污染问题以及这项技术开发的过程和优势。

12．What is special about the Carbios’ recycling technique?
A．It can reshape any plastic products.
B．It can produce more polyester plastic.
C．It makes plastic continuously recycled.
D．It changes the system of food packaging.
答案　C
解析　细节理解题。根据第二段的内容可知，Carbios的回收技术的特别之处在于它使塑料不断循环利用。
13．What does the underlined word “candidates” in Paragraph 4 refer to?
A．Plastic-eating bacteria.
B．Negative effects on health.
C．Chemical building blocks.
D．French companies.
答案　A
解析　词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“The company’s search for the best plastic-eating bacteria began about a decade ago，with 100,000 promising”可知，该公司大约从10年前开始寻找最适合食用塑料的细菌，当时有10万个有希望的候选食塑菌。由此可知，画线词指的是“食塑菌”。
14．Why were mutations introduced?
A．To purify the resulting mix.
B．To remove additives and color.
C．To keep the temperature at 65℃.
D．To improve plastic-digesting ability.
答案　D
解析　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Once it had been identified，Carbios’ scientists introduced mutations(突变)．The new and improved enzyme was able to downgrade up to 90 percent of a ton of plastic in only 10 hours.”可推知，引入突变是为了提高消化塑料的能力。
15．What is the author’s purpose in writing the text?
A．To record the development of Carbios.
B．To introduce a plastic recycling technique.
C．To persuade people to use fewer plastic products.
D．To explain how to identify plastic-eating bacteria.
答案　B
解析　写作意图题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了一项塑料回收技术以及这种技术的开发过程和优势。由此可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是介绍一项塑料回收技术。
Ⅱ.七选五
(2021·江苏苏州八校联考)
What will man be like in the future—in 5,000 or even 50,000 years from now? We can only make guesses，of course，but we can be sure that he will be different from what he is today，for man is slowly changing all the time.
1 Man，even five hundred years ago，was shorter than he is today.Now，on average，men are about three inches taller.Five hundred years is a relatively short period of time，so we may assume that man will continue to grow taller.Again，in the modern world we use our brains a great deal.Even so，we still make use of only about 20% of the brain’s capacity.As time goes on，however，we shall have to use our brains more and more，and eventually we shall need larger ones! This is likely to bring about a physical change too：the head，in particular the forehead，will grow larger.
2 In fact，we use them so much that very often they become weaker and we have to wear glasses.But over a very long period of time it is likely that man’s eyes will grow stronger.
On the other hand，we tend to make less use of our arms and legs. 3 At the same time，however，our fingers will grow more sensitive because they are used a great deal in modern life.But what about hair? This will probably disappear from the body altogether in course of time because it does not serve a useful purpose any longer. 4
Perhaps all this gives the impression that future man will not be a very attractive creature to look at！ 5 All the same，in spite of all these changes，future man will still have a lot in common with us.He will still be a human being，with thoughts and emotions similar to our own.
A．This may well be true.
B．Let us take an obvious example.
C．Nowadays our eyes are in constant use.
D．These，as a result，are likely to grow weaker.
E．Now how exactly will this great revolution occur?
F．In the future，then，both sexes are likely to be bald.
G．We’re all set to get much taller and thinner，if we want to survive.
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文，介绍了未来5 000年或更久以后人类的样子。

1．答案　B
解析　上文提到人类一直以来都在慢慢变化，下文从身高和脑力运用两方面举例对比五百年前人类与现在人类的区别，故此处起承上启下作用。B选项“让我们举一个明显的例子”符合语境。故选B。
2．答案　C
解析　根据下文“事实上，由于我们经常使用眼睛，视力变得越来越弱，我们不得不戴眼镜”可知，C选项“现在我们的眼睛经常被使用”引出下文，符合语境。故选C。
3．答案　D
解析　根据前一句“On the other hand，we tend to make less use of our arms and legs.”可知，空格处说明上一句所产生的结果。less use 对应D选项中的 grow weaker。故D选项“结果，这些很可能会越来越弱”切题。故选D。
4．答案　F
解析　根据上文“But what about hair? This will probably disappear from the body altogether in course of time because it does not serve a useful purpose any longer.”可知，头发的作用越来越小因而可能消失。由此可知，未来男女将很可能成为秃头。 disappear对应F选项中的 be bald。故选F。
5．答案　A
解析　根据前文的举例说明人类的外貌特征的改变，以及上文句子“Perhaps all this gives the impression that future man will not be a very attractive creature to look at！”可知，人类将不再像以前那样好看。该空对上文进行总结。故A选项“这很有可能成为事实”切题。故选A。