高中英语外研版 (2019)选择性必修 第二册Unit 4 Breaking boundaries习题

Section B　Using language

课后篇巩固提升

基础夯实

Ⅰ.单句填空

1.There are 55　　　　　(minority)in our country and there are some minor differences between them. 

答案minorities

2.It is said that his grandparents 　　　　　(settle) down in the USA ever since 2002. 

答案have settled

3.When asked for the views about the volunteer job,Tom said he found it enjoyable and 　　　　　(reward). 

答案rewarding

4.The president addressed his remarks to the young people in the college,　　　　　(refer) to his notes frequently. 

答案referring

5.More TV programs,according 　　　　　government officials,will be produced to raise people’s concern over food safety. 

答案to

6.The government and individuals should make 　　　　　joint effort to crack down on them. 

答案a

7.As long as you join our club,you can enjoy all the 　　　　　(benefit)and privileges of club members. 

答案benefits

8.Besides,enough sleep can make us energetic and 　　　　　(enable) us to perform well in an exam. 

答案enable

9.　　　　　 particular I wonder if/whether you have considered the following things. 

答案In

10.Its aim is to encourage people worldwide who cannot read 　　　　　(enjoy) the mutual benefits of a book. 

答案to enjoy

Ⅱ.短语填空

no longer; all over the world; as well as; no wonder; as if; in particular; merge into

1.He is a famous scientist 　　　　　a well-known writer. 

答案as well as

2.He talked of other cultures　　　　　they were more familiar to him than his own. 

答案as if

3.One road,　　　　　which goes north from La Paz,is considered the most dangerous road in the world. 

答案in particular

4.We were forced to sign the agreement,which meant we could 　　　　　enjoy individual freedom. 

答案no longer

5.They are good friends,so it is 　　　　　that they know each other very well. 

答案no wonder

6.A large number of buses and cars 　　　　　the traffic in rush hours on workdays. 

答案merge into

7.Whitney Houston was one of the most famous artists　　　　　.Brandy was attracted by her beautiful singing. 

答案all over the world

Ⅲ.完成句子

1.在人工智能真正地开始与人的大脑相似之前,我们还有很长的路要走。

We have 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　before AI can truly begin to be similar to the human brain. 

答案a long way to go

2.中国在许多国际乒乓球比赛中和别的国际领域中发挥着主导作用。

China plays 　　　　　　　　　　in many international table tennis competitions and other international fields. 

答案leading roles

3.我们的英语老师尽她最大的努力让学习英语成为可能。

Our English teacher tried her best to　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. 

答案make it possible to learn English

4.在自愿指挥交通之后,他自己与路过的司机形成了紧密的联系。

After volunteering to direct the traffic,he himself 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　drivers passing by. 

答案formed close connections with

5.在世界另一边数百万的人们不能饮用干净的水。

Millions of people 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　have no access to clean drinking water. 

答案on the other side of the world

6.在阿姆斯特丹,多年来人们一直在享受着骑车给他们带来的好处。

People 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　of cycling in Amsterdam for years. 

答案have been enjoying the benefits

素养提升

Ⅳ.完形填空

I had my first job when I was thirteen.I was very 　1　 to earn my own pocket money and my parents never interfered with (干涉) 　2　 I spent it,even when I spent it foolishly.They 　3　 that by earning money,spending it,and learning from my mistakes,I would become more mature (成熟的) and responsible about how to 　4　 work,relationships with others,and money. 

My parents let me do things over which they 　5　 a great deal.When I was sixteen,　6　,after I finished high school and before I entered 　7　,I wanted to travel around Europe.My mother was against the idea of my travelling 　8　 at such a young age,but my father felt that it would be a great 　9　 for me.In the end,my father won the argument on the condition that I limited my travelling to France,my mother’s home,　10　 I had many relatives who could 　11　 shelter and help if I needed it. 

Such experiences are 　12　 rare for children in many countries,but in the US they are fairly 　13　.Most parents start pushing their children at a young age to do small things by themselves.　14　 they finish high school,many American kids have already had part-time jobs,travelled around the US or other countries on their own,　15　 a university and maybe even decided on their future career. 

【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过自己家庭所发生的事件来说明兼职工作的重要性。

1.A.anxious B.successful

C.disappointed D.proud

答案D

解析考查形容词辨析。句意:我为挣自己的零花钱感到很骄傲。故选D项。

2.A.how B.whether

C.when D.where

答案A

解析考查宾语从句引导词辨析。句意:我父母从不干涉我怎样花钱。

3.A.believed B.explained

C.suggested D.mentioned

答案A

解析考查动词辨析。句意:他们认为,通过挣钱、花钱和从错误中吸取教训,我会变得更加成熟。故选A项。

4.A.handle B.deal

C.make D.take

答案A

解析考查动词辨析。句意:……我会对如何处理工作、与他人的关系和金钱负责。工作是用来“处理”的,可知只有A项符合题意。故选A项。

5.A.panicked B.suffered

C.worried D.struggled

答案C

解析考查形容词辨析。句意:和许多美国父母一样,我的父母也让我做一些他们非常担心的事情。由下文作者的母亲反对作者去欧洲环游以及人情世故知,作者的父母应该非常担心。故选C项。

6.A.as a result B.in reality

C.on the whole D.for example

答案D

解析考查固定短语辨析。句意:例如,当我16岁的时候,在我高中毕业之后,进入大学之前,我想环游欧洲。as a result结果;in reality实际上;on the whole整体;for example例如。下文举了日常生活中的一个例子。故选D项。

7.A.politics B.business

C.university D.market

答案C

解析考查名词辨析。句意:例如,当我16岁的时候,高中毕业之后,进入大学之前,我想环游欧洲。作者高中毕业后当然是要进入大学。故选C项。

8.A.alone B.apart

C.along D.aboard

答案A

解析考查副词辨析。句意:我母亲反对我这么小就独自旅行的想法,但我父亲认为这对我来说是一次很好的经历。此处travel alone为固定搭配,意为 “独自旅行”。而且如果作者组团旅行的话,作者的父母也就不会担心。故选A项。

9.A.practice B.schedule

C.performance D.experience

答案D

解析考查名词辨析。句意:我母亲反对我这么小就独自旅行的想法,但我父亲认为这对我来说是一次很好的经历。旅行的主要收获当然是一次“经历”。故选D项。

10.A.which B.what

C.where D.that

答案C

解析考查定语从句引导词。句意:法国是我母亲的家,在那里我有很多亲戚。前面的先行词为地点,且后面的从句中缺少地点状语,故填where作从句的状语。故选C项。

11.A.support B.equip

C.provide D.take

答案C

解析考查动词辨析。句意:如果我需要,他们可以提供庇护和帮助。可知,作者的亲戚可以提供帮助。故选C项。

12.A.nearly B.probably

C.merely D.slightly

答案B

解析考查副词辨析。句意:在许多国家,这样的经历对孩子来说可能很少见。这是作者的一种推测的观点。故选B项。

13.A.special B.usual

C.common D.ordinary

答案C

解析考查形容词辨析。句意:但在美国却相当普遍。由“but”知前后对比,且前面有“rare”。故选C项。

14.A.At the moment B.On the occasion

C.To the point D.By the time

答案D

解析考查短语辨析。句意:当他们高中毕业时,许多美国孩子已经有了兼职工作。at the moment此刻;on the occasion在那时;to the point中肯;by the time到……时候。此处表示到高中毕业时,他们已经有兼职工作了。故选D项。

15.A.attended B.joined

C.finished D.selected

答案D

解析考查动词辨析。句意:很多美国孩子独自周游美国或其他国家,选择大学,甚至决定他们未来的职业。大学是他们自己选择的。故选D项。

Ⅴ.语法填空

People living in different countries made different kinds of words.Today there are about fifteen hundred 1.(language) in the world.Each contains many thousands of words.A very large dictionary,for example,contains four 2.　　　　　 five hundred thousand words.But we do not need 3.　　　　　these.To read short stories you need to know only about two thousand words.4.　　　　　you leave school,you will learn only one thousand or more.All these words 5.　　　　　 you learn are called your vocabulary.You should try to make your vocabulary 6.(big).Read as many books as we can.There are a lot of books 7.　　　　　(write) in easy English.You will enjoy them.When you meet 8.new word,look it 9.　　　　　in your dictionary.Your dictionary is your most 10.　　　　　(use) book. 

答案与解析

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了世界上的语言。如今世界上有大约一千五百种语言,包含数千单词。词典中包含许多单词,我们无须知道所有的单词。但是你应该努力丰富你的词汇。

1.languages　考查名词复数。language“语言”是可数名词,由空前about fifteen hundred可知,此处使用复数形式,故填languages。

2.to/or　考查介词或连词。根据语境可知,此处表示“四十万到五十万单词”或者“四十万或者五十万单词”,故填to/or。

3.all　考查形容词。句意:但是我不需要所有这些单词。all“所有的,全部的”,符合语境,故填all。

4.Before　考查状语从句。句意:在你离开学校之前,你只会学到一千或更多一点单词。before“在……前面”,符合语境,置句首单词首字母大写。故填Before。

5.that　考查定语从句。分析句子可知,“　　　 you learn”是定语从句,先行词是words,在从句中作宾语,指物,且前由All修饰,故用关系代词that不用which,故填that。 

6.bigger　考查形容词的比较级。根据下文“尽可能多读书”可知,你应该努力让你的词汇量更大,应使用比较级。故填bigger。

7.written　考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知,write作定语,修饰books,books与write是被动关系,用过去分词作定语表示被动,故填written。

8.a　考查冠词。此处的word“单词”是可数名词单数形式,空后new又是以辅音音素开头的词,应使用不定冠词a,表泛指“一个新单词”。故填a。

9.up　考查固定短语。look up“查阅”是固定短语,故填up。

10.useful　考查形容词。修饰名词book应使用形容词。句意:你的词典是你最有用的书籍。故填useful。

Ⅵ.七选五

Some people describe American society as a salad bowl while others think of it as a melting pot.In a bowl of salad,all the ingredients are mixed together.　1　 Together,however,the ingredients make up a unity.All the ingredients of a salad contribute to the finished product.They may be covered with the same dressing(调味酱),but the green vegetables,tomatoes and cooked corn can all be seen for what they are. 

From this point of view,America is very much like a salad bowl where individual ethnic groups mix together,yet maintain their cultural uniqueness.People may work together during the day at similar jobs and in the same companies,but at night they may return to their ethnic groups where their own individual culture directs their way of life.　2　 Each ethnic group has its own special customs,language,food and traditions to protect and defend.This idea of the salad bowl is referred to as cultural diversity;that is,American society is a collection of various cultures living together in harmony within one country. 

　3　 Here,society is like one large pot of soup.All cultural aspects are mixed together,sacrificing their original identity and keeping a bit of what they were to become a new reality.The longer the soup is cooked,the better the taste and the more likely it will be for the mixture to dissolve.In this sense,America can surely be seen as a melting pot where people from all over the world come to live and work together forming one nation.There are dozens of shared symbols. 　4　 In such a culture,symbols like the flag and the nation’s official song serve to break down the walls which separate ethnic groups. 

Whether a salad bowl or a melting pot,America can be best described as a mixture of both.　5　 

A.Both are correct depending on one’s point of view.

B.They never lose their shapes,colours or tastes.

C.This is why there is so much diversity within America.

D.In other words,America is a nation where there is unity in diversity.

E.Thus,one needs to abandon one’s culture to be considered “American”.

F.They serve to develop the various ethnic groups to create a new American culture.

G.The other theory,which is also used to describe American society,is the melting pot.

答案与解析

【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。主要谈论了美国就像一个沙拉碗或熔炉,来自世界各地的人们构成了美国多元化的社会。

1.B　根据下文中的“the ingredients make up a unity”和“can all be seen for what they are”可推测出,此段主要论述虽然美国社会就像一碗沙拉,所有的原料都混合在一起,但各种原料却没有因此失去自己的特色,即我们能看到不同种类的文化组成了现在的美国社会。所以B项符合上下文语境。故选B项。

2.C　根据下文中的“Each ethnic group has its own special...and defend.”可知,每个民族都有自己要保护和保卫的特殊文化、语言、食物和传统。由此可推断出,此处解释了美国多元文化存在的原因。C项符合上下文语境。故选C项。

3.G　根据第一段中的两种观点“a salad bowl”和“a melting pot”及空格后的“one large pot of soup”可知,本段要介绍另外一种观点。G项说法和第一段中的第二种观点一致。故选G项。

4.F　根据下文中的“In such a culture,symbols like...serve to...groups.”可知,共同拥有的符号有助于消除不同民族之间的隔阂,创造出一种新文化。F项符合上下文语境,且“They”指代上文中的“symbols”。故选F项。

5.D　该段是对全文内容的总结。即美国是一个具有多样性和统一性的国家。D项符合语境,是对前面一句内容的另一种表述。故选D项。