2018高考英语语法填空类阅读练习及答案：侧重形容词和副词

这是一份2018高考英语语法填空类阅读练习及答案：侧重形容词和副词，共8页。
 云南临沧市2018高考英语语法填空类阅读练习及答案：侧重形容词和副词 高考语法填空侧重形容词和副词形容词、副词（1）形容词、副词的用法形容词修饰名词和系动词副词在句中一般用作状语，修饰动词、形容词或其他副词，也可修饰整个句子Obviously you are wrong.注意：常用连接性副词的用法1．though用作副词时，常在句末，意为“然而，可是”，表示转折意义。2．therefore“因此，所以”，表示结果。3．meanwhile“与此同时，在此期间”，表示前后分句的动作同时发生。4．moreover“另外”，表示承接关系。5．however“然而”，表示让步、转折，常用逗号与句子的其他成分隔开。6．besides“另外；还有”，表示递进关系。7．instead“相反”，表示前后分句意义相反。（2）形容词、副词的比较级最高级以及衍生知识1．平级比较(1)as＋形容词/副词原级＋as像……一样(2)as＋adj.＋a/an＋名词＋as像……一样的……(3)as much＋a/an＋名词＋as和……一样是……(4)not as/so＋形容词/副词原级＋as...不如……那样……①Henry is a worker as good as Peter (is)．＝Henry is as good a worker as Peter (is)．Henry和Peter一样都是好工人。②It is generally believed that teaching is as much an art as it is a science.人们普遍认为，教学是一门科学，同时也是一门艺术。2．比较级(1)the＋比较级．..，the＋比较级．..越……，越……The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you'll make.你越仔细，你犯的错误越少。(2)the＋比较级＋of the two＋名词，表示“两个中较……的”。The taller of the two boys is my brother.这两个男孩中较高的是我哥哥。3．比较级的修饰词常见的修饰词有much，a lot，a great deal，far，even，a bit, a little, any(否定句、疑问句中)，具体的数据等。He is much taller than Yao Ming.他比姚明高多了。但是very/quite/fairly一般不用来修饰比较级；最高级常用by far/much或序数词作状语。如：The population of China is by far the largest in the world.Africa is the second largest continent.4．几种带有否定词的比较句型(1)no better than表示“和……一样；实际等于……”。例如：The patient is no better than he was yesterday.病人的情况和昨天一样(不好)。(2)no more...than表示“同……一样不”。例如：A whale is no more a fish than a horse is.鲸和马都不是鱼。(3)no less... than表示“和……一样；不逊于”。例如：The technique of writing is no less difficult than that of the   other arts.写作技巧和其他艺术技巧一样困难。5．比较级表达最高级含义(1)“否定词＋比较级”有最高级的含义。Your story is perfect；I've never heard a better one before。你的故事太完美了，我从来没有听到比这更好听的故事。(2)比较级在以下几种句式中均表示最高级含义。比较级＋than＋any other＋单数名词比较级＋than＋all the other＋复数名词比较级＋than＋anyone else比较级＋than＋any of the other＋复数名词比较级＋than＋the rest of＋复数名词或不可数名词例如：朱莉娅是她班上最高的女生。(一句多译)①Julia is taller than any other girl in her class.②Julia is taller than all the other girls in her class.③Julia is taller than any of the other girls in her class.④Julia is taller than the rest of girls in her class.⑤Julia is the tallest girl in her class.6. 倍数表达法（1）．A is＋倍数＋比较级＋than＋B（2）．A is＋倍数＋as＋原级＋as＋B（3）．A is＋倍数＋the＋名词(size，length，height等)＋of＋B长江是珠江的三倍长。(一句多译)①The Yangtze River is twice longer than the Pearl River.②The Yangtze River is three times as long as the Pearl River.③The Yangtze River is three times the length of the Pearl River. 形容词作定语时的位置（1）．通常置于所修饰的词之前，但不定代词的定语通常在后面。如：Someone strange is asking to see you.Something unexpected happened and we had to make some changes to our plan.（2）．else常放在不定代词和疑问代词后面作定语。如：No one else can answer the question.（3）．多个形容词作定语时的词序为：大小、长短、高低形状/年龄、新旧颜色/来源、国籍、地 区、出处/材料/用途。如：an expensive Japanese sports car, those three beautiful large square old brown wood table.（3）形容词、副词词性变化副词后缀ly，另外注意favourite没有最高级注意：形容词+ly变副词，如果本身不是形容词要先变成形容词再变副词，如：interest--interestingly（4）形容词、副词辨析  高考语法填空训练题 语法填空。 (2017·山东潍坊期末检测)While people in Western countries are busy 1.(prepare) Christmas gifts for their loved ones,Chinese people are looking forward to the Spring Festival,China’s most important annual event.What is children’s expected part of the Spring Festival?Chances are that they are longing 2.(receive) red envelopes which contain money.The red color of the envelope symbolizes wishing someone good luck.And the money in it is a symbol of wishing good fortune on children.One popular story of 3.　　　　　 the red envelopes came from is about a monster 4.　　　　　　 Sui appearing on Chinese New Year’s Eve.A sleeping child who was touched by it would develop a fever 5. then become a fool.But a couple prayed so 6.　　　　　　　　(sincere) that a god sent eight guards disguised as coins to protect their child.From then on,people placed eight coins on red string and 7.　　　　　(hide) them under children’s pillows. As the Chinese character for “year” has the same 8.　　　　　　　　(pronounce) as the monster’s name,people called the coins “ya sui qian”,meaning “9.　　　　　　(luck) money against the evil spirit”.10.　　　　　　 time passing,paper notes replaced the coins and the red envelope replaced the thread. 【解题导语】本文为一篇说明文。当西方国家的人们正在准备过圣诞节的时候,我们中国人正在期盼“春节”的到来。本文主要介绍了“春节”,尤其是孩子们最期盼的“红包”的来历。1.preparing　考查非谓语动词。be busy doing表示“忙于……”,busy后要用名词或动词-ing形式,故用preparing。2.to receive　考查非谓语动词。be longing to do sth.表示“渴望做某事”,故此处应用to receive。3.where　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,此处为定语从句,且从句中缺少地点状语,故用连接副词where。4.called　考查非谓语动词。此处为非谓语动词做后置定语,因与monster构成动宾关系,故此处应用called。5.and　考查连词。根据下文的then可知,前后句是并列关系,故应用and。6.sincerely　考查副词。根据上文的prayed可知,此处是修饰动词,应该用sincere的副词形式。7.hid　考查动词的时态。由空前的and可知,此处的时态应与placed一致,故应用过去式。hide是不规则动词,其过去式是hid。8.pronunciation　考查名词。由空前的the same可知,此处应用pronounce的名词形式,意为“与怪兽的名字有着相同的发音”,故填pronunciation。9.lucky　考查形容词。分析句子结构可知,空处修饰money做定语,故应填形容词形式lucky。10.With　考查介词。由后文的time passing可知,此处是with的复合结构,意为“随着时间的推移”。注意字母W要大写。  【2016·全国新课标II】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。  If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify (识别)those of   41  (great)and less importance. Then, handle the most important tasks first so you’ll feel a real sense of  42 (achieve). Leaving the less important things until tomorrow  43 (be) often acceptable.  Most of us are more focused  44  our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day. So, get an early start and try to be as productive  45 possible before lunch. This will give you the confidence you need to get you through the afternoon and go home feeling accomplished.  Recent  46  (study) show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks  47  (regular). Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for  48  while, exercising, or dong something you enjoy.  If you find something you love doing outside of the office, you’ll be less likely  49 (bring) your work home. It could be anything-gardening, cooking, music, sports—but whatever it is,  50 (make) sure it’s a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about.【答案】41. greater    42. achievement   43. is      44. on       45. as        46. studies    47. regularly      48. a     49. to bring    50. make45.as 考查固定搭配。短语as...as....和...一样；正是因为人们早晨的注意力更为集中，所以我们要早起，要和午饭之前一样的高效率。46.studies 考查名词单复数。本句的谓语动词是show，说明主语是复数名词studies。47.regualrly 考查副词。在英语副词通常做状语修饰形容词、副词或动词，形容词通常在句中做定语或表语修饰名词。所以本句中使用副词regularly做状语修饰动词take short breaks。48.a 考查固定短语。介词短语for a while一会；本句是指通过锻炼或做一些你喜欢的事情，让你的身体和思维休息一会。49.to bring 考查形容词短语。形容词短语be likely to do sth可能做某事；你就不太可能把工作带回家去做，因为你找到了你喜欢做的事情。50.make 考查祈使句。本句中动词短语make sure放在句首，构成祈使句。句意：要保证它是让你释放压力，而不是让你担忧的事。【名师点睛】  在语法填空中，我们要特别注意词性转换题。如本文的，横线前面有介词of，横线上要使用名词achievement作为of的宾语。，在英语副词通常做状语修饰形容词、副词或动词，形容词通常在句中做定语或表语修饰名词。所以本句中使用副词regularly做状语修饰动词take short breaks。  词类转换题要先确定所要填的单词在句中的成分。技巧1：作表语、定语或补语，通常用形容词形式。技巧2：作主语，或在及物动词或介词后作宾语，用名词形式。技巧3：修饰动词、形容词、副词，或整个句子，作状语，用副词形式。技巧4：括号中所给词为动词时，也不一定是考动词的时态语态或非谓语动词， 有可能考词类转换；若是考点：考查语法填空     阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。 【2016高考训练】Plan ahead to make your family trip run smoothlyFamily vacations are cherished memories. Keeping children entertained on the road or during a flight, however, can be challenging. The best way to cut down on anxiety? Plan ahead. Avoid giving children snacks that contain sugar and caffeine. Sweet treats keep them happy and quiet for five minutes, as it fills them with unusable energy that will turn into crankiness (脾气坏) when the sugar wears off. Bring fun, small snacks like flavored baked chips, apple sauce, raisins, granola bars—and top it off with a little protein like and cheese sticks to keep the blood sugar levels nice and steady. Bring plenty of plastic or paper bags. This is the perfect time to put those spare bags around the house to use. Store them in your purse or pocket, as well as in the car. This is a quick solution for garbage, diaper wrapping or motion sickness. Avoid extra costs on bulk items you will need during the trip. When flying, purchase bulk items like diapers, formula, wipes at your destination. In the past it was convenient and free to check these items. Now each checked luggage item costs $25 or more on average. When driving, do the opposite; take your bulk items to avoid extra trips to the store when you arrive, which can help you avoid impulse travel purchases. Bring a full change of clothing for each child. Keep these items within fairly easy reach. When a spill or mess happens, this will help parents avoid unexpected (and unbudgeted) clothing purchases. Travel planning can help make family vacations what they are supposed to be: Fun!1．Which of the following can keep the blood sugar levels nice and steady?  A．Coffee.  B．Apple pie with sugar in it.  C．Candies.  D．Cheese sticks. 2．Why should you bring plenty of plastic or paper bags during vacation? A．Because you can use them to keep garbage, vomit (呕吐物) and wrap diaper. B．Because they can prevent you from being stolen. C．Because big bags can hold more items, which brings you much convenience.D．Because they can save you $25. 3．Which is the proper place for you to buy bulk items when driving? A．At the destination. B．At wherever you can buy cheaper ones. C．At the place you just go out of the things you need. D．In the stores near your house.4．What should parents do to avoid unexpected clothing purchases during their vacation? A．Do not let children make their clothes dirty. B．Bring a full change of clothing for each child. C．Wash the dirty clothes frequently. D．Do not allow children eat during their vacation. 参考答案、1—4 DADB