人教版 (新课标)选修7&8Unit 1 Living well教学设计

Period 3　Grammar

Teaching aims　　　

1．Students will be able to recognize the infinitives and know the exact meanings of them.

2．Students will be able to use these structures correctly.

Teaching procedures　　　

Step 1　Revision

Ask several students to retell Marty's story.Show Marty's mini biography on the PowerPoint.

Step 2　Discovering useful structures

1．基本概念

不定式是动词的一种非谓语形式，没有人称和数的变化，而且不能单独用作谓语，但仍旧有动词的特点，即可有自己的宾语和状语，构成不定式短语，使用频率较高。是一个考试经常考查的语法点。

2．基本形式

　　3.句法功能

不定式具有名词、形容词、副词的特征，在句中可以充当主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语和补足语，还可以有自己的逻辑主语，即for sb.to do sth.。

It is good to_help_others.(subject)

It is my ambition to_make_sure_that_the_disabled_people_in_our_neighbourhood_have_

access_to_all_public_buildings.(subject)

My ambition is_to_work_in the computer industry when I grow up.(predicative)

I don't have time to_sit_around feeling sorry for myself.(attributive)

I am the only student in my class to_have_a_pet_snake.(attributive)

A big company has decided to_buy_it_from_me.(object)

My fellow students have begun to_accept_me_for_who_I_am.(object)

I have had to work hard_to_live_a_normal_life.(adverbial)

Some days I am too tired to_get_out_of_bed.(adverbial)

We must call on local government_to_give_financial_assistance_to_disabled_people. (object complement)

4．不定式的时态与语态

根据需要，不定式可以有一般式(to do)，完成式(to have done)，完成进行式(to have been doing)，进行式(to be doing)等时态形式以及被动形式to be done和to have been done。

He didn't allow us to go home early.

他不允许我们早回家。

He seemed to have seen the film.

他好像看过这部电影。

She is said to have been living in the city for six years.

据说她住在该城市六年了。

The boy pretended to be reading when his mother came in.

当他母亲进来的时候，小男孩假装在读书。

He is said to have studied abroad a few years ago.

据说他几年前在国外学习过。

The book is said to have been translated into many languages.

据说此书已被译成了多种语言。

1．The following verbs are usually followed by the infinitive.

afford，agree，appear，arrange，ask，attempt，care，choose，claim，come，consent，dare，decide，demand，deserve，determine，elect，endeavor，expect，fail，get，guarantee，hate，help，hesitate，hope，hurry，intend，learn，long，manage，mean，need，offer，plan，prepare，pretend，promise，refuse，say，seem，tend，threaten，want，wish

For example：

I can't afford to_go to the pub.

He agreed to_practice_more.

You should learn to_express_yourself.

They managed_to_fix_the_problem.

2．Explanation of the gerund and the infinitive

Some words can be followed by either the infinitive or the －ing form.Please pay attention when there is no difference in meaning and when there is difference.

(1)The gerund and the  infinitive (no difference in meaning)

　　We use the following structures after the word recommend：

　　(2)Some verbs or verb phrases have different meanings when used with the gerund or the infinitive.

Step 3　Drilling

Ask students to do Exercise 2 on Page 5 and check with their partners then check together.

Keys：to have kept you waiting；to have forgotten；to have finished；

Ask students to do Exercise 3 and share their past experience in a group.

Keys：to have spent；To free；to see；to treat；to help pass；to abolish

Step 4　Using the infinitive

Ask students to translate the following sentences into English and pay attention to the use of the infinitive.

1．我忘了让你去社区服务中心了。

2．在检查机器之前关掉电源是很重要的。

3．我不知道哪儿能找到这种纽扣。

4．幸运的是，我们没有更多的活儿要做。

5．海伦很高兴到过中国20多个省、市。

6．她事业有成，现在最大的愿望就是结婚生子。

Suggested answers：

1．I forgot to ask you to go to the community service center.

2．It's very important to turn off the electricity before you check the machine.

3．I don't know where to find such a kind of button.

4．Luckily，we don't have much more work to do.

5．Helen is very pleased to have travelled in more than 20 provinces and cities in China.

6．She has been very successful in her work，and now her greatest wish is to get married and have some children.

Step 5　Homework

Finish off Exercises 2 and 3 on P49.