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高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 3 Sports and fitness优质导学案
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这是一份高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 3 Sports and fitness优质导学案，共33页。学案主要包含了巩固训练，12题详解，13题详解，14题详解，15题详解，16题详解，17题详解，18题详解等内容，欢迎下载使用。
Unit 3 SPORTS AND FITNESS
3.2 Discovering Useful Structures
附加疑问句
附加疑问句，又称反意疑问句，主要用于口语，其作用是说话人向对方验证自己的陈述或者判断，也可以用于祈使句表示请求或者建议。
一．附加疑问句的组成
附加疑问句由两部分组成：前一部分是陈述部分，后一部分是附加疑问部分，两部分的人称和时态应保持一致。附加疑问部分一般由助动词 、be动词或情态动词和表示主语的代词构成 。
（一）基本组成方法
1. 肯定式陈述部分+否定附加疑问部分（前肯后否）
You often play badminton ,don’t you? 你经常打羽毛球，是吗？
You are going to the gym with me, aren’t you?
你要和我一起去健身房，是吗？
She’s been to shanghai before, hasn’t she ? 她以前去过上海，是吗？
2. 否定式陈述部分+肯定附加疑问部分（前否后肯）
It isn't a beautiful flower, is it? 那不是美丽的花，是吗？
You didn't go skating yesterday, did you? 你昨天没去滑冰，是吗？
They can’t finish it by Friday, can they ?
他们不能在星期五之前完成，是吗？
3. 含有否定词的附加疑问句
（1）当陈述句中含有seldom, hardly, never, rarely, little, few, none, neither ，no, not, nowhere, nothing no one, nobody等否定意义的词时，后面的附加疑问句则为肯定形式。
He hardly goes to school by car, does he?
他几乎不开车去上学，是吗？
You have never been to Paris, have you ?
你从没去过巴黎，是吗？
They seldom come late, do they?
他们很少迟到，是吗？
Little has been done to prevent pollution, has it? 几乎没有做什么来防止污染，是吗？
（2）如果陈述句中仅含否定前缀的词unhappy, dislike, impossible等，则后面的附加疑问句仍为否定形式。
He is unfit for his job, isn’t he?
他不适合这项工作，是吗？
It is impossible, isn't it? 那不可能，是吗？
He dislikes his classmates, doesn’t he?
他不喜欢他的同学，是吗？
4. 祈使句的附加疑问句
（1）肯定的祈使句的附加疑问句在句末加“will you? /won’t you?/can you ?/ can’t you?”
（2）否定的祈使句的附加疑问句通常在句末加“will you?”
Come along with me , will you / won’t you ?/can you ?/ can’t you?
跟我来，好吗？
Don't make any noise, will you?
别出声，好吗？
（1）Let's 开头的祈使句，附加疑问句用shall we?
（2）Let us 开头的祈使句，附加疑问句用will you?
Let's go and listen to the music, shall we?
让我们去听音乐，好吗？
Let us wait for you in the reading-room, will you ? 我们在阅览室等你，好吗？
（二）附加疑问句注意几种特殊情况：
1. 当陈述部分主语是everyone/ everybody, someone/somebody, no one/ nobody, none等表示人的不定代词时， 附加疑问句部分的主语多用they，但也可用he；当陈述部分的主语是everything, anything, something, nothing等表示物的不定代词时， 附加疑问句部分的主语用it。
Nobody saw him walk into the room , did they? 没人看见他走进房间，是吗？
Everything has gone wrong today, hasn’t it?
今天什么都出了问题了，是不是？
2. 当陈述部分的主语是指示代词this, that, these, those时， 附加疑问句的主语不再用指示代词，而要用it或they。
That isn’t your dictionary, is it? 这不是你的字典，是吗？
These are interesting stories, aren’t they?
这些故事很有趣，不是吗？
3. 当陈述部分是“there be+主语+其他”结构时， 附加疑问句用“be (not) there”结构。
There is a book on the desk, isn’t there ?
桌子上有本书，是吗？
There are not any pens in the box, are there?
盒子里没笔了，是吗？
4. 当陈述句的谓语动词是have时，如果作“有”讲， 附加疑问句用have或助动词do的形式；如果表示其他意思时， 附加疑问句只用助动词do的形式。
You have a nice house, haven’t/ don’t you?
你有一所很漂亮的房子，是吗？
You often have headaches, don’t you?你经常头疼，是吗？
We have to finish the work now, don’t we?
我们必须现在完成工作，是吗？
They had a good time last night, didn’t they? 他们昨天晚上玩得很开心，是吗？
5. 当陈述句的谓语部分含有had better, would rather, would like, ought to时， 附加疑问句的谓语动词要用相应的助动词。
You’d better go now, hadn’t you?
你最好现在就走，是吗？
You’d rather go there early, wouldn’t you?
你宁可早点去那里，不是吗？
6. 当陈述句的谓语动词含有used to时， 附加疑问句的谓语部分用didn’t或usedn’t。
He used to get up early, didn’t/ usedn’t he?
他过去起床很早，是吗?
7.陈述句部分是主从复合句时， 附加疑问句部分的代词和助动词要与主句中的主语和动词保持一致。
He is not the man who gave us a talk, is he? 他不是给我们演讲的人，是吗？
He can hardly stay awake because he is so tired, can he? 由于很累，他几乎不能保持醒着。
This is the second time that he has been to Japan, isn’t it? 这是他第二次去日本，是吗？
He said that he would come to my birthday party, didn’t he? 他说他要来参加我的生日聚会，是吗？
8. 在宾语从句中，如果陈述句部分是“I (don’t) think/ believe/ suppose/ imagine/ expect等+宾语从句”， 附加疑问句部分要与宾语从句的主谓保持一致，并且要注意否定转移（前肯后否，前否后肯）。
We believe she can do it better, can't she?我们相信她能做得更好，是吗？
I don’t think you have heard of him before, have you?
我认为你以前没有听说过他，是吗？
二．附加疑问句的回答
附加疑问句的答语与一般疑问句类似 ，注意其与汉语表达习惯的差异 。回答附加疑问句通常应根据实际情况来确定，如果事实是肯定的，就用yes，事实是否定的，就要用no。
1. 附加疑问句的答语与汉语表达的差异：
（1）对于“前肯后否”的附加疑问句的回答，如果事实是肯定的，就用yes，译成“是的”，事实是否定的，就要用no，译成“不”。
（2）对于“前否后肯”的附加疑问句的回答，如果事实是肯定的，就用yes，译成“不”，事实是否定的，就要用no，译成“是的”。
一Tom is an honest boy, isn't he? 汤姆是个诚实的男孩，是吗？
一Yes, he is. We trust him all the time.
是的，我们一直相信他。
—He likes playing football, doesn’t he? 他喜欢踢足球，是吗？
—No, he doesn’t. 不，他不喜欢。
—You didn’t find the owner of the books, did you? 你没有找到书的主人，是吗？
—No, I didn’t. So I gave them to our teacher.
是的，我没有找到。因此我把书交给老师了。
—His sister didn’t attend the meeting, did she?
他妹妹没有参加会议，是吗？
—Yes, she did. She spoke at the meeting.
不，她参加了。她在会上讲话了。
2.祈使句的附加疑问句的肯定回答为“Yes, I will.” ，否定回答为“No, I won’t.”。
—Write to me when you get home, will you?
到家后给我写信好吗？
—Yes, I will. 好的，我会的。
—Don’t make a noise, will you?不要弄出响声，好吗？
—No, I won’t. 好的，我不会的。
三．附加疑问部分的读法
陈述部分一般用降调，而附加疑问部分既可用升调也可用降调 ，但含义有所不同 。
1. 用升调时，多表示疑问或请求
The school team have won the gold medal, ↘ haven't they? ↗
校队获得了金牌，是吗？
2. 用降调时，多表示求证或希望对方同意 。
The school team have won the gold medal, ↘ haven't they? ↘
校队获得了金牌，对吧？
【巩固训练】
一．单项选择
1.David never fights with his classmates, ______?
A. does he B. doesn’t he C. isn’t he
2.Let's go to Disneyland in Shanghai in August, _____ ?
A. shall we B. will you C. won't you
3. Nancy, sweep the classroom, _____?
A. don’t you B. do you C. will you D. doesn’t she
4. Thanks to the 2014 Winter Olympics, Sochi is well-known, ______?
A. isn’t it B. was it C. is it D. wasn’t it
5. Actually, I don't think Spiderman II is as interesting as the first, ______?
A. does it B. doesn’t it C. isn't it D. is it
6. — Judy’s never been late for school, ________ she?
— ________. She is always the first to get to school every morning.
A. is; Yes B. has; No C. isn’t; Yes D. hasn’t; No
7. —He's already come back to Australia，________?
—Yes. We watched a movie together last night.
A. isn't he B. doesn't he C. hasn't he D. has he
8. I don't think she will agree with us, _ ?[来源:学科网]
A. will she B. won't she C. don't you D. do you
9. I believe they can make everything good enough, _ ?[来
A. can they B. can’t they C. do I D. don’t I
10. — There is a beautiful park near your school, _ ?
— Yes. I often go walking there.
A. isn’t there B. is there C. is it D. isn’t it
11. It doesn’t matter if they want to come to your party, _______?
A. doesn’t it B. does it C. don’t they D. do they
12. It’s the first time that he has been to Australia, _______?
A. isn’t he B. hasn’t he C. isn’t it D. hasn’t it
13. Tom and Sally could hardly work together, ________?
A. could they B. couldn’t they C. couldn’t he D. could she
14. When you’ve finished with that book, don’t forget to put it back on the shelf,______?
A. do you B. don’t you C. will you D. have you
15. I told them that I could run as fast as you , ______ ?
A. could he B. didn’t I C. didn’t you D. could they
二．完成对话
1.－It’s Father’s Day today, ______? －______,______. let’s buy a gift for Dad.
2. －Don’t be late for school next time, ______?
－______, ______. I’ll try to be on time.
3. — There is a beautiful park near your school, ______?
—______, ______. I often go walking there.
4. —The 29th Olympic Games were held in Beijing, ______?
—______, ______.
5. —Michael Jordan started to play basketball in college, ______ ?
—______, ______. He first played in a team at senior high school.
6. —David has been to a boxing match, ______?
—______, ______. He always watches boxing on TV.
7.---You can’t cook, ______
--- ______, ______. I’m good at cooking.
8. —You have a nice car, ______?
—___,______. I bought it last year.
9. —This is the first time that you have been to America, ______?
—______, ______. It is the second time that I’ve been there.
10. —According to my grandma, it is a good idea to eat chicken soup when you have a cold, ______?
—______, ______. Scientists agree with her.
答案：
（一）1-5 AACAD 6-10 BCABA 11-15 BCACB
（二）1. isn’t it; Yes, it is 2. will you; No, I won’t 3. isn’t there; Yes, there is 4. weren't they; Yes, they were 5. didn't he; No, he didn't 6. hasn't he; No, he hasn't 7. can you; Yes, I can 8. haven’t/ don’t you; Yes, I have/ do 9. isn’t it; No, it isn’t 10. isn’t it; Yes, it is
一、单词拼写
1. There were more than 5000 people in the s____________ when I got there.
2. B_________ is a sport in which two people fight each other with their hands.
3. A quick review of successes and f at the end of year will help draw up new plans for next year.
4. Once you have m a foreign language, you will have more chances to find a job.
5. Five other cities had been competing for the h__________ of staging the Games.
6. Moreover, with the stadium set up, a wide range of sports (比赛项目) are able to be held.
7. Tom and his classmates often take part in sports like tennis, (羽毛球运动) and swimming.
8. To be a world ____________(冠军) is his dream as an athlete.
9. The driver of the car received a serious __________(受伤) to the left leg.
10. He has been the ____________(队长) of national teams for many years.
二、单句填空
1.Visiting Canada had been our dream,but it was not until last year that we managed to make .
2.It is reported that there will be e-sports event in our city next week.
3.People bought water balloons filled blue paint and threw them at the runners.
4.Group exercise is one of the most effective ways to improve physical (fit).
5.If you want to lose weight,too,I recommend (do) exercise in the gym.
6.Running for about half an hour around the track made me really (tire).
7.Having been in the new school for two months,I still haven’t got used the life here.
8. (million) of people are suffering from starvation in many African countries.
9.Life is like a long race where we compete others to go beyond ourselves.
10.I must first try my best (pass) the college entrance examination.
三、完成句子
1.Doctor Brown (树立榜样) to all of us and we must learn from him.
2.The world’s transport systems would (崩溃) without a supply of electricity.
3.My brother (放弃) his present job and did some business himself.
4.Now I’d like to have my friend (与……分享) you this excitement.
5.Oxford (作为……而著名) one of the best universities in the world.
6.Make sure you have enough time to (为……做准备) the coming exam.
7.Although he didn’t pass the driving test last week,he didn’t (失去信心).
8.When she (面对困难) in her life,she always gets encouragement from you.
四、翻译句子
1.慢跑对身体有益。
_________________________________________________________________
2.我过去常常踢足球,但是现在我经常打篮球。
_________________________________________________________________
3.你能告诉我哪个国家要主办2020年奥运会吗?
_________________________________________________________________
4.直到所有的准备都做好了我们才开始工作。(not...until)
_________________________________________________________________
5.我真的很想知道如何改进我的英文发音。(疑问词+to do)
_________________________________________________________________
参考答案：
一、
1. stadium
2. Boxing
3. failures
4. mastered
5. honour
6. events
7. badminton
8. champion
9. injury
10. captain
二、
1.it
2.an
3.with
4.fitness
5.doing/to do
6.tired
7.to
8.Millions
9.with
10.to pass
三完成句子
1.set an example
2.fall apart
3. gave up
4.share with
5..is famous/known as
6.prepare for
或be prepared for
7.lose heart
8.faces difficulties
四、翻译句子
1. Jogging is beneficial to our health.
2. I used to play football/soccer, but now I often play basketball.
3. Can you tell me which country will host the 2020 Olympic Games?
4. We won’t start the work until all the preparations have been made.
5. I really want to know how to improve my English pronunciation.
一、单项填空
1.The sales manager was asked he should recommend to be the organizer of the next promotion plans.
A. what B. Whom C. how D. when
2.Thanks for your interesting ideas but we need ________ suggestions to get us out of the mess.
A. impressive B. similar C. practical D. traditional
3.He found another evidence, ________ of great importance to the case.
A. which I think is B. which I think it is C. which I think it D. I think which is
4.The engineer is reported the longest bridge of the country.
A. having designed B. have designed C. to have designed D. to design
5.I failed the games; I ________ it to be so difficult.
A. wouldn’t expect B. haven’t expected C. hadn’t expected D. wasn’t expecting
6.You should try to relax yourself much work you have to do.
A. however B. although C. whatever D. even if
7.He me that it was not worth buying and we went back with nothing.
A. tried to persuade B. persuaded C. preferred D. expected
8.Tom is nice and lovely, but he be very naughty at times.
A. can B. shall C. must D. should
9.With no one ________, Mary felt lonely.
A. talking to B. to talk to C. talked to D. to talk
10.—Hi, Jay, why do you look so upset?
—Well, I am today and I have broken 4 cups so far.
A. all thumbs B. all ears C. all D. all legs
二、完形填空
It is true that life is unpredictable. Disasters can ___11___ misfortune when faced with it is the true test of your character at any time. How you handle. A boy lost his arms in an accident. To take care of him, his younger brother became his ___12___, never leaving him alone for years. One late night, he suffered from diarrheal(腹泻). His younger brother ___13___ him into the toilet and then went back the dorm to wait. But being so ___14___, his younger brother fell asleep, leaving him on the toilet for two hours till the teacher on duty discovered him. Thus the two brothers grew up together. Then one day, his younger brother wanted to live his own ___15___. So the boy was heart-broken.
A similar misfortune befell a girl, too. One night alone at home, she tried to ___16___ meals for her parents, only to overturn the kerosene light(煤油灯) on the stove, resulting ___17___ a fire which took her hands away. Though her elder sister showed her willingness to ___18___ her, she was determined to be completely independent.
One day, the boy and the girl were both invited to appear on a television interview program. The boy expressed his fear for his uncertain future at being left on his own ___19___ the girl was full of enthusiasm for her life. They each were asked to write something on a piece of paper. The boy wrote: My younger brothers’ arms are my arms. The girl wrote: Broken wings, flying heart.
If you only complain about your suffering, it will always follow you wherever you go. But if you decide to be ____20____, the hardship will turn out to be a fortune on which new hopes will arise.
11. A. beat B. hit C. strike D. fight
12. A. adult B. educator C. shadow D. host
13. A. persuaded B. permitted C. allowed D. accompanied
14. A. enthusiastic B. optimistic C. tired D. disappointed
15. A. future B. fate C. life D. happiness
16. A. exchange B. buy C. order D. prepare
17. A. in B. from C. for D. upon
18. A. put away B. attend to C. pickup D. concentrate on
19. A. however B. besides C. while D. therefore
20. A. strong B. weak C. mild D. wild
三、阅读理解
A
Carl Lewis holds the record as the only man to capture the gold in the 100-meter, 200-meter, long jump, and 4×100-meter relay at the same Olympic Games. He has been a member of five Olympic teams, but it wasn’t until the 1984 Games in Los Angeles that he came into his own, winning the 100-meter, 200-meter, long jump, and 4×100-meter relay. He continued to create history at the 1988 Games in Seoul, where he won the 100-meter and the long jump for a second time. In 1992 in Barcelona, Carl won the long jump and 4×100-meter relay again. Carl Lewis finally finished competing in 1996 in Atlanta where he won the long jump.
He happens to live right down the street from me, so I decided to interview the greatest Olympian of all time.
1. When you started running, did you realize that you were going to be great?
No, I was awful when I started! I was 5’5" until the end of tenth grade, but by the time I graduated I was six feet. I’m sure I would have quit if it hadn’t been for my parents telling me not to give up.
2. What thoughts went through your mind before a race? What did you tell yourself?
Leading up to the race, I’d go over my race technique. But once I stepped into the block, I would try to relax and clear my mind so the only thing I could hear was the gun going off. While I was actually running, I had to be aware of what was happening, but I couldn’t let that affect my race. I had to run my own race.
3. What advice would you give athletes?
Never give up. I was supposed to give up, but because my mom was the best liar on earth, telling me I would grow and that I was good at running, I continued to run. And you know how people say, “You can be whatever you want to be.” You just have to be a leader, no a follower, choose to make a difference, and you will be whatever you aspire to be.
21. In which of the following did Carl Lewis win gold medals twice?
A. 100-meter and the long jump. B. 4×100-meter relay and 100-meter.
C. The long jump and 200-meter. D. 100-meter and 200-meter.
22. What can be learned about Carl Lewis from the passage?
A. He noticed nothing else but his running during the race.
B. He has altogether participated in four Olympic Games.
C. He was so determined that he never thought of quitting his sports.
D. He couldn’t have succeeded without his parents’ encouragement.
23. The underlined word “awful” in the passage is closest in meaning to ________.
A. terrible B. confident
C. great D. short
B
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CDU Bookshop will accept returns for books in new condition and provide credit notes/exchanges for incorrect orders for books purchased from the CDU Bookshop website. We cannot accept returns or exchange books if the book is purchased from another bookseller.
Trading hours
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A. the book No Easy Day describes the lives of the terrorists
B. the book DroppingAcid offers medical solutions to cure reflux
C. the book Almost Home tells us how to stop homelessness
D. the book Daring Greatly advises us to struggle for everything
25. All of the following are true EXCEPT ________.
A. Dr. Koufman uses tasty fats as flavorings in her recipes
B. Mark Owen speak highly of the men keeping America safe
C. some money from the sale of Almost Home is donated to Covenant House
D. Dr. Brown firmly holds a view that vulnerability is just weakness
26. According to the advertisement we can infer ________.
A. people can buy books on weekends at CDU Bookshop
B. some of the books at CDU Bookshop have a specific ISBN
C. people can buy books from both the CDU Bookshop and its website
D. books bought from other booksellers can be returned to the CDU Bookshop
C
Bullied(受欺凌的) kids face a high risk of mental health problems as teens and as young adults. Indeed, kids troubled by bullying may be worse off than those who had suffered physical abuse(虐待) or neglect, as the study found.
Until recently, most studies of child victims focused not on bullying but on maltreatment(虐待), Dieter Wolke says. Maltreatment includes physical or emotional abuse, neglect or other behaviors that can harm a child.
Wolke’s team wanted to better understand bullying’s long-term effects compared to those due to maltreatment. They focused on 4,026 children in the United Kingdom and 1,420 more in the United States. Information about bullying and maltreatment was collected for American children to age 13. They collected the same information for British youth up to age 16. The researchers also gathered data on each individuals’ mental health as a young adult.
Among the Americans, 36 percent of bullied kids had mental problems later. Those problems included anxiety, which is a state of excessive worry. They also included depression. That is a feeling of hopelessness that can last a long time. Among kids who had been maltreated by adults, 17 percent later suffered mental health problems. That was less than half the rate seen in people who had been bullied as school kids.
In the U.K. group, the difference was less dramatic. Roughly 25 percent of the bullied kids reported mental health problems later, compared with about 17 percent who had been maltreated. But however you look at it, the findings are disturbing. And that’s why Wolke says schools,health services and other agencies must work together to end bullying.
Studies like this are important, says Corinna Jenkins Tucker. They bring attention to the lasting impacts of bullying. Tucker does, however, question the value of comparing bullying to other types of abuse. Such an approach can make it seem like one type of bad experience is worse than the other, she says. In fact, both types have short-term and long-term effects on health. She’d like to see researchers study the big picture. They should try to understand how all of these negative experiences together shape children—and sometimes harm them.
27. It can be inferred from the passage that ________.
A. researchers should pay less attention to maltreatment
B. more bullied kids have mental problems in the USA
C. a similar number of children are maltreated in America and Britain
D. either bullying or maltreatment has negative effects on children’s health
28. The purpose of the author’s writing this passage is to ________.
A. advertise B. inform
C. Compare D. Entertain
29. The passage is most probably taken from ________.
A. a news section B. a science section
C. a culture section D. an entertainment section
30. In Tucker’s opinion, Wolke’s study is ________.
A. disappointing B. Improvable
C. satisfactory D. nonsense
四、任务型阅读（认真阅读下面的短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入最恰当的单词。注意：每空一词。）
Focusing in class really proves to teachers that you are a capable student but it also shows that you have got a solid level of self-control, which will be very important in your future life.
Get a good night’s sleep. Students should get at least nine hours of sleep each night. However, it’s hard to maintain those good sleep habits. Set a bedtime routine, and go to bed at the same hour each night. Your mind will not be able to concentrate if it’s not rested...it needs a break!
Eat a healthy breakfast. Although this may seem irrelevant to focusing during class, eating a nutritious meal in the morning gives you fresh energy for the day. If you consume a big meal, you’ll feel better throughout the day.
Get involved in class discussions. This is a wonderful way to become a more focused, successful student. When a teacher asks a question, offer to answer it. This shows the teacher that you’re listening carefully during the class.
Do your best. When you walk into that classroom, put a smile on your face and some confidence in your pocket.
Listen to music during your break. It is very refreshing and it can clear your mind between subjects, which could improve your productivity. But don’t get too carried away with the music.
Warnings:
Keep away from your more talkative friends. They can often distract you from your work.
Don’t stare at the teacher for too long. This might not let you work properly. In short, look at the teacher, but don’t overdo it.
____31____ to focus more in class
___32___
Get a good sleep.
Although it’s a ___33___ to maintain those good sleep habits, you should make it a ___34___ to go to bed at the same hour each night.
Eat a healthy breakfast.
Eating a nutritious meal in the morning makes you ___35___ for the day.
___36___ yourself in class discussions.
This is a wonderful way to become a more focused, successful student.
Do your best.
Enter the classroom with smile and ___37___.
Listen to music.
Music is refreshing and makes you more ___38___.
Warnings
___39___ your more talkative friends.
Don’t ____40____ your eyes on the teacher for too long.
答案详解
一、单项选择
1【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：销售经理被问到他应该推荐谁作为下一次促销计划的组织者。 he should recommend to be the organizer of the next promotion plans.是一个宾语从句，引导词在从句中作宾语，指人，故选B。
2【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：谢谢你有趣的想法，但我们需要实际的建议来摆脱困境。A. impressive感人的；B. similar相似的；C. practical实际的；D. traditional传统的。根据to get us out of the mess.可知，这里指的是“实际的建议”，故选C。
3【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：他找到了另一个证据，我认为这对这个案子很重要。of great importance to the case是一个非限制性定语从句，关系词是evidence，I think是插入语，插入语要放在关系词的后面，故选A。
4【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查不定式的完成时。句意：据报道，这位工程师设计了全国最长的桥梁。be reported to据报道，该用法是固定用法，排除A和B。“设计了全国最长的桥梁”这个动作发生在“据报道”这个动作之前，用不定式的完成时，故选C。
5【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：我没有通过比赛；我没想到会这么难。根据I failed the games可知，“我没有通过比赛”是发生在过去的事情，而“我没想到”是发生在过去的过去，用过去完成时，故选C。
6【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：不管你有多少工作要做，你都应该尽量放松自己。根据前后文是让步关系，用however，however much无论多少，故选A。
7【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他劝说我那东西不值得买，我们什么也没带回去。A. tried to persuade表示“劝说”而不一定劝服；B. persuaded说服，通常表示劝说成功；C. preferred偏爱；D. expected盼望。根据and we went back with nothing可知，是劝说成功，故选B。
8【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：汤姆很好很可爱，但是他有时也很淘气。A. can可能；B. shall用于第三人称时，表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁；C. must必须，一定；D. should应该。根据题意，表示可能性，故选A。
9【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查with复合结构。句意：由于没有人说话，玛丽感到孤独。表示将要发生的事，用不定式，talk to sb.和某人说话，该用法是固定用法，故选B。
10【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查情景交际及习惯表达。句意：——嗨，杰，你为什么看起来这么沮丧?——嗯，我今天笨手笨脚的，到目前为止我已经打破了4个杯子。A. all thumbs笨手笨脚；B. all ears洗耳恭听；C. all全部；D. all legs又瘦又长。根据and I have broken 4 cups so far.可知，这里意思是“我今天笨手笨脚的”。故选A。
二、完型填空
【答案】11. C 12. C 13. D 14. C 15. C 16. D 17. A 18. B 19. C 20. A
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章通过讲述一个男孩和一个女孩不幸致残的故事，说明如果你只会抱怨你所遭受的痛苦，那么它将永远伴随着你。但如果你决心坚强，困难会变成财富，并带来新的希望。
11题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：灾难可以触发不幸，当面对它时，无论在任何时候，都是对你性格的真正考验。A. beat打败；B. hit打击；C. strike触发；D. fight与……斗争。灾难自然是“触发”不幸。故选C。
【12题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了照顾他，他的弟弟成了他的影子，多年来从未离开过他。A. adult成年人；B. educator教育家；C. shadow影子；D. host主人。根据下文never leaving him alone for years可知，他的弟弟成了他的影子。故选C。
【13题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的弟弟陪他进了厕所，然后回宿舍等他。A. persuaded说服；B. permitted允许；C. allowed允许；D. accompanied陪伴。上文说为了照顾他，他的弟弟成了他的影子，多年来从未离开过他。由此可知，这里意思是他的弟弟陪他进了厕所，然后回宿舍等他。故选D。
【14题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是因为太累了，他的弟弟睡着了，把他留在马桶上两个小时，直到值班老师发现他。A. enthusiastic热情的；B. optimistic乐观的；C. tired疲倦的；D. disappointed失望的。根据his younger brother fell asleep可知，他的弟弟太累了。故选C。
【15题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后有一天，他的弟弟想要过自己的生活。A. future未来；B. fate命运；C. life生活；D. happiness快乐。根据So the boy was heart-broken.可知，他的弟弟想要过自己的生活，所以他心碎了。故选C。
【16题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天晚上，她独自在家，试图为父母准备饭，却打翻了炉子上的煤油灯，结果导致火灾，她的手被烧没了。A. exchange交换；B. buy买；C. order命令；D. prepare准备。根据only to overturn the kerosene light(煤油灯) on the stove可知，她试图为父母准备饭。故选D。
【17题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：一天晚上，她独自在家，试图为父母准备饭，却打翻了炉子上的煤油灯，结果导致火灾，她的手被烧没了。result in导致，该短语是固定短语，故选A。
【18题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：虽然姐姐表示愿意照顾她，但她决心要完全独立。A. put away放好；B. attend to照顾；C. pick up捡起；D. concentrate on集中精力于。根据she was determined to be completely independent.可知，她的姐姐表示愿意照顾她。故选B。
【19题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：男孩表达了他对前途未卜的恐惧，因为他被一个人留下了，而女孩却对她的生活充满了热情。A. however然而；B. besides此外；C. while（对比两件事物）……而；D. therefore因此。文中把两个孩子对待生活的态度进行对比，故选C。
【20题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但如果你决心坚强，困难会变成财富，并带来新的希望。A. strong坚强的；B. weak虚弱的；C. mild温和的；D. wild狂热的。根据the hardship will turn out to be a fortune on which new hopes will arise.可知，这里意思是如果你决心坚强。故选A。
【点睛】完形填空的解题技巧之一就是要根据上下文来学会“推理”出最佳选项。同学们要遵循“上下求索”的原则来查找信息。例如，第2小题根据下文never leaving him alone for years，可知他的弟弟成了他的影子。故选C。比如：4小题根据his younger brother fell asleep,可知他的弟弟太累了。故选C。
三、阅读理解
A篇
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇人物采访。文章是对最伟大的田径选手之一卡尔·刘易斯的采访记录。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段Carl Lewis holds the record as the only man to capture the gold in the 100-meter, 200-meter, long jump, and 4×100-meter relay at the same Olympic Games. He has been a member of five Olympic teams, but it wasn’t until the 1984 Games in Los Angeles that he came into his own, winning the 100-meter, 200-meter, long jump, and 4×100-meter relay. He continued to create history at the 1988 Games in Seoul, where he won the 100-meter and the long jump for a second time. In 1992 in Barcelona, Carl won the long jump and 4×100-meter relay again.(卡尔·刘易斯是在同一届奥运会上获得100米、200米、跳远和4×100米接力金牌的唯一一人。他曾是五支奥运代表队的成员，但直到1984年洛杉矶奥运会他才崭露头角，赢得了100米、200米、跳远和4×100米接力赛的冠军。他在1988年汉城奥运会上继续创造历史，在那里他赢得了100米和跳远的第二次冠军。1992年巴塞罗那奥运会上，卡尔又赢得了跳远和4×100米接力赛的冠军。)可知，卡尔·刘易斯在4×100米接力赛和100米赛比赛中两次获得金牌，故选B。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一点提问的回答最后一句I’m sure I would have quit if it hadn’t been for my parents telling me not to give up.(如果不是我父母告诉我不要放弃，我肯定会放弃的。)可知，没有父母的鼓励，Carl Lewis不可能成功。故选D。
【23题详解】
词义猜测题。根据问题When you started running, did you realize that you were going to be great?(当你开始跑步的时候，你意识到你会变得很棒吗？)以及回答No, I was awful when I started!可知，刘易斯对变得很棒是否定的，所以“awful”的意思是“糟糕的”。A. terrible糟糕的；B. confident自信的；C. great伟大的；D. short短的。故选A。
【点睛】细节理解题大多是根据文章中的具体信息如事实、例证、原因、过程、论述等进行提问的。抓住文段中的事实和细节是做好该题型的关键，也是做好其它类型问题的基础。该题型几乎都可以在文章中直接找到与答案有关的信息，或是其变体。在一篇短文里大部分篇幅都属于这类围绕主体展开的细节。做这类题一般采用寻读法，即先读题，然后带着问题快速阅读短文，找出与问题和选项有关的词语或句子，再对相关部分进行分析对比，找出答案。正确选项虽然一般不是原文照搬，但是一般是原文的改写，意思不变。如换一个同义词，把否定改为肯定，把肯定改为否定等。如第2小题，根据I’m sure I would have quit if it hadn’t been for my parents telling me not to give up.（如果不是我父母告诉我不要放弃，我肯定会放弃的。）可知没有父母的鼓励，Carl Lewis不可能成功。故选D。
B篇
【答案】24. C 25. D 26. C
【解析】
【分析】
这是一则广告。文章主要讲了Charles Darwin大学书店关于书籍销售的一些情况。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据Almost Home部分Almost Home tells the stories of six remarkable young people from across the United States and Canada as they face life alone on the streets. and offers practical insights into how to prevent homelessness and help homeless youth move to a hopeful future.(Almost Home讲述了来自美国和加拿大的六个杰出的年轻人独自面对街头生活的故事。并就如何预防无家可归和帮助无家可归的年轻人走向充满希望的未来提供了实用的见解。)可知，从广告中我们得知Almost Home这本书告诉我们如何停止无家可归，故选C。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据Daring Greatly部分Based on twelve years of research, she argues that vulnerability is not weakness, but rather our clearest path to courage, engagement, and meaningful connection.(基于12年的研究，她认为，脆弱不是软弱，而是我们通向勇气、参与和有意义的联系的最清晰的道路。)可知，D选项的表述“布朗博士坚定地认为，脆弱就是软弱”错误，故选D。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据Please note部分CDU Bookshop will accept returns for books in new condition and provide credit notes/exchanges for incorrect orders for books purchased from the CDU Bookshop website.(CDU书店将接受新的书籍退货，并为从CDU书店网站购买的书籍提供信用券/兑换。)推知，人们可以从CDU书店及其网站上购买书籍，故选C。
【点睛】通过对关键词，关键短语或者是关键的句子的把握是解决推理判断题的重要解题方法之一，它们往往隐藏着深层的意思。小题3根据Please note部分CDU Bookshop will accept returns for books in new condition and provide credit notes/exchanges for incorrect orders for books purchased from the CDU Bookshop website.(CDU书店将接受新的书籍退货，并为从CDU书店网站购买的书籍提供信用券/兑换。)由此推断出，人们可以从CDU书店及其网站上购买书籍，故选C。
C篇
【答案】27. D 28. B 29. B 30. B
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了研究发现，受欺凌困扰的孩子的心理健康问题可能比那些遭受过身体虐待或忽视的孩子情况更糟。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段Bullied(受欺凌的) kids face a high risk of mental health problems as teens and as young adults. Indeed, kids troubled by bullying may be worse off than those who had suffered physical abuse(虐待) or neglect, as the study found.(被欺负的孩子在青少年和青年时期面临着很高的心理健康问题。事实上，研究发现，受欺凌困扰的孩子可能比那些遭受过身体虐待或忽视的孩子情况更糟。)可知，无论是欺凌还是虐待都会对儿童的健康产生负面影响，故选D。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。这篇文章主要讲了事实上，研究发现，受欺凌困扰的孩子可能比那些遭受过身体虐待或忽视的孩子情况更糟。由此推断出，作者写这篇文章的目的是为了报告最新研究发现，故选B。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。这篇文章主要讲了事实上，研究发现，受欺凌困扰的孩子可能比那些遭受过身体虐待或忽视的孩子情况更糟。由此推断出，这篇文章可能摘自科学部分，故选B。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段Studies like this are important, says Corinna Jenkins Tucker. They bring attention to the lasting impacts of bullying. Tucker does, however, question the value of comparing bullying to other types of abuse.(科琳娜·詹金斯·塔克说，这样的研究很重要。他们让人们注意到欺凌的持久影响。然而，塔克对将欺凌与其他类型的虐待进行比较的价值提出了质疑。)可知，在塔克看来，沃克的研究是可以改进的，故选B。
四、任务型阅读
【答案】31. Ways/How
32. Tips/Suggestions/Advice
33. challenge
34. routine/rule/principle
35. energetic
36. Involve
37. confidence
38. productive
39. Avoid 40. fix/concentrate/focus
【解析】
这是一篇议论文。文章对于如何在课堂上更专注，提出了一些建议。
【31题详解】
考查词义和语境理解。下文介绍了如何在课堂上更专注，这里表示“在课堂上更专注的方法”或“如何在课堂上更专注”，所以填Ways/How。
【32题详解】
考查词义和语境理解。表格中的内容，是对于如何在课堂上更专注，提出了一些建议，所以填Tips/Suggestions/Advice。
【33题详解】
考查词义和语境理解。根据However, it’s hard to maintain those good sleep habits. Set a bedtime routine, and go to bed at the same hour each night.（然而，要保持良好的睡眠习惯是很困难的。设定一个就寝时间，每晚在同一时间就寝。）可知，这里意思是保持良好的睡眠习惯是个挑战。冠词之后，用名词，所以填challenge。
【34题详解】
考查词义和语境理解。根据However, it’s hard to maintain those good sleep habits. Set a bedtime routine, and go to bed at the same hour each night.（然而，要保持良好的睡眠习惯是很困难的。设定一个就寝时间，每晚在同一时间就寝。）可知，这里意思是你应该养成每晚按时睡觉的习惯。冠词之后，用名词，所以填routine/rule/principle。
【35题详解】
考查词义和语境理解。根据Although this may seem irrelevant to focusing during class, eating a nutritious meal in the morning gives you fresh energy for the day.（虽然这似乎与上课时集中注意力无关，但早上吃一顿营养丰富的饭会给你一天的新鲜能量。）由此可知，这里意思是早上吃一顿营养丰富的饭会让你一整天都精力充沛。该空需要用形容词，所以填energetic。
【36题详解】
考查词义和语境理解。根据Get involved in class discussions.可知，这里意思是参与课堂讨论。祈使句用动词原形，所以填Involve。
【37题详解】
考查词义和语境理解。根据When you walk into that classroom, put a smile on your face and some confidence in your pocket.（当你走进那间教室时，请面带微笑，并在口袋里放一些自信。）可知，这里意思是带着微笑和自信走进教室。介词之后，用名词，所以填confidence。
【38题详解】
考查词义和语境理解。根据It is very refreshing and it can clear your mind between subjects, which could improve your productivity.（这是非常清新的，它可以清理你科目之间的思维，这可以提高你的生产力。）可知，这里意思是音乐让人精神焕发，让你更有效率。该空需要填形容词，所以填productive。
【39题详解】
考查词义和语境理解。根据Keep away from your more talkative friends.（离你那些多嘴的朋友远点。）可知，这里意思是避免和多嘴的朋友在一起。祈使句用动词原形，所以填Avoid。
【40题详解】
考查词义和语境理解。根据Don’t stare at the teacher for too long.可知，这里意思是不要盯着老师太久。祈使句用动词原形，所以填fix/concentrate/focus。
1. 【2018·北京卷】The night before my (马拉松赛跑),I dreamt that I couldn’t even find the finish line.
2.【2018·全国卷Ⅲ)】 Moreover, with the stadium set up, a wide range of sports (比赛项目)are able to be held.
7.【2018·全国卷Ⅲ】To my great joy, a famous new (体育场) has been built up, which has become the landmark in our school.
1.marathon
2.events
3.stadium
Unit 3 SPORTS AND FITNESS
3.2 Discovering Useful Structures
附加疑问句
附加疑问句，又称反意疑问句，主要用于口语，其作用是说话人向对方验证自己的陈述或者判断，也可以用于祈使句表示请求或者建议。
一．附加疑问句的组成
附加疑问句由两部分组成：前一部分是陈述部分，后一部分是附加疑问部分，两部分的人称和时态应保持一致。附加疑问部分一般由助动词 、be动词或情态动词和表示主语的代词构成 。
（一）基本组成方法
1. 肯定式陈述部分+否定附加疑问部分（前肯后否）
You often play badminton ,don’t you? 你经常打羽毛球，是吗？
You are going to the gym with me, aren’t you?
你要和我一起去健身房，是吗？
She’s been to shanghai before, hasn’t she ? 她以前去过上海，是吗？
2. 否定式陈述部分+肯定附加疑问部分（前否后肯）
It isn't a beautiful flower, is it? 那不是美丽的花，是吗？
You didn't go skating yesterday, did you? 你昨天没去滑冰，是吗？
They can’t finish it by Friday, can they ?
他们不能在星期五之前完成，是吗？
3. 含有否定词的附加疑问句
（1）当陈述句中含有seldom, hardly, never, rarely, little, few, none, neither ，no, not, nowhere, nothing no one, nobody等否定意义的词时，后面的附加疑问句则为肯定形式。
He hardly goes to school by car, does he?
他几乎不开车去上学，是吗？
You have never been to Paris, have you ?
你从没去过巴黎，是吗？
They seldom come late, do they?
他们很少迟到，是吗？
Little has been done to prevent pollution, has it? 几乎没有做什么来防止污染，是吗？
（2）如果陈述句中仅含否定前缀的词unhappy, dislike, impossible等，则后面的附加疑问句仍为否定形式。
He is unfit for his job, isn’t he?
他不适合这项工作，是吗？
It is impossible, isn't it? 那不可能，是吗？
He dislikes his classmates, doesn’t he?
他不喜欢他的同学，是吗？
4. 祈使句的附加疑问句
（1）肯定的祈使句的附加疑问句在句末加“will you? /won’t you?/can you ?/ can’t you?”
（2）否定的祈使句的附加疑问句通常在句末加“will you?”
Come along with me , will you / won’t you ?/can you ?/ can’t you?
跟我来，好吗？
Don't make any noise, will you?
别出声，好吗？
（1）Let's 开头的祈使句，附加疑问句用shall we?
（2）Let us 开头的祈使句，附加疑问句用will you?
Let's go and listen to the music, shall we?
让我们去听音乐，好吗？
Let us wait for you in the reading-room, will you ? 我们在阅览室等你，好吗？
（二）附加疑问句注意几种特殊情况：
1. 当陈述部分主语是everyone/ everybody, someone/somebody, no one/ nobody, none等表示人的不定代词时， 附加疑问句部分的主语多用they，但也可用he；当陈述部分的主语是everything, anything, something, nothing等表示物的不定代词时， 附加疑问句部分的主语用it。
Nobody saw him walk into the room , did they? 没人看见他走进房间，是吗？
Everything has gone wrong today, hasn’t it?
今天什么都出了问题了，是不是？
2. 当陈述部分的主语是指示代词this, that, these, those时， 附加疑问句的主语不再用指示代词，而要用it或they。
That isn’t your dictionary, is it? 这不是你的字典，是吗？
These are interesting stories, aren’t they?
这些故事很有趣，不是吗？
3. 当陈述部分是“there be+主语+其他”结构时， 附加疑问句用“be (not) there”结构。
There is a book on the desk, isn’t there ?
桌子上有本书，是吗？
There are not any pens in the box, are there?
盒子里没笔了，是吗？
4. 当陈述句的谓语动词是have时，如果作“有”讲， 附加疑问句用have或助动词do的形式；如果表示其他意思时， 附加疑问句只用助动词do的形式。
You have a nice house, haven’t/ don’t you?
你有一所很漂亮的房子，是吗？
You often have headaches, don’t you?你经常头疼，是吗？
We have to finish the work now, don’t we?
我们必须现在完成工作，是吗？
They had a good time last night, didn’t they? 他们昨天晚上玩得很开心，是吗？
5. 当陈述句的谓语部分含有had better, would rather, would like, ought to时， 附加疑问句的谓语动词要用相应的助动词。
You’d better go now, hadn’t you?
你最好现在就走，是吗？
You’d rather go there early, wouldn’t you?
你宁可早点去那里，不是吗？
6. 当陈述句的谓语动词含有used to时， 附加疑问句的谓语部分用didn’t或usedn’t。
He used to get up early, didn’t/ usedn’t he?
他过去起床很早，是吗?
7.陈述句部分是主从复合句时， 附加疑问句部分的代词和助动词要与主句中的主语和动词保持一致。
He is not the man who gave us a talk, is he? 他不是给我们演讲的人，是吗？
He can hardly stay awake because he is so tired, can he? 由于很累，他几乎不能保持醒着。
This is the second time that he has been to Japan, isn’t it? 这是他第二次去日本，是吗？
He said that he would come to my birthday party, didn’t he? 他说他要来参加我的生日聚会，是吗？
8. 在宾语从句中，如果陈述句部分是“I (don’t) think/ believe/ suppose/ imagine/ expect等+宾语从句”， 附加疑问句部分要与宾语从句的主谓保持一致，并且要注意否定转移（前肯后否，前否后肯）。
We believe she can do it better, can't she?我们相信她能做得更好，是吗？
I don’t think you have heard of him before, have you?
我认为你以前没有听说过他，是吗？
二．附加疑问句的回答
附加疑问句的答语与一般疑问句类似 ，注意其与汉语表达习惯的差异 。回答附加疑问句通常应根据实际情况来确定，如果事实是肯定的，就用yes，事实是否定的，就要用no。
1. 附加疑问句的答语与汉语表达的差异：
（1）对于“前肯后否”的附加疑问句的回答，如果事实是肯定的，就用yes，译成“是的”，事实是否定的，就要用no，译成“不”。
（2）对于“前否后肯”的附加疑问句的回答，如果事实是肯定的，就用yes，译成“不”，事实是否定的，就要用no，译成“是的”。
一Tom is an honest boy, isn't he? 汤姆是个诚实的男孩，是吗？
一Yes, he is. We trust him all the time.
是的，我们一直相信他。
—He likes playing football, doesn’t he? 他喜欢踢足球，是吗？
—No, he doesn’t. 不，他不喜欢。
—You didn’t find the owner of the books, did you? 你没有找到书的主人，是吗？
—No, I didn’t. So I gave them to our teacher.
是的，我没有找到。因此我把书交给老师了。
—His sister didn’t attend the meeting, did she?
他妹妹没有参加会议，是吗？
—Yes, she did. She spoke at the meeting.
不，她参加了。她在会上讲话了。
2.祈使句的附加疑问句的肯定回答为“Yes, I will.” ，否定回答为“No, I won’t.”。
—Write to me when you get home, will you?
到家后给我写信好吗？
—Yes, I will. 好的，我会的。
—Don’t make a noise, will you?不要弄出响声，好吗？
—No, I won’t. 好的，我不会的。
三．附加疑问部分的读法
陈述部分一般用降调，而附加疑问部分既可用升调也可用降调 ，但含义有所不同 。
1. 用升调时，多表示疑问或请求
The school team have won the gold medal, ↘ haven't they? ↗
校队获得了金牌，是吗？
2. 用降调时，多表示求证或希望对方同意 。
The school team have won the gold medal, ↘ haven't they? ↘
校队获得了金牌，对吧？
【巩固训练】
一．单项选择
1.David never fights with his classmates, ______?
A. does he B. doesn’t he C. isn’t he
2.Let's go to Disneyland in Shanghai in August, _____ ?
A. shall we B. will you C. won't you
3. Nancy, sweep the classroom, _____?
A. don’t you B. do you C. will you D. doesn’t she
4. Thanks to the 2014 Winter Olympics, Sochi is well-known, ______?
A. isn’t it B. was it C. is it D. wasn’t it
5. Actually, I don't think Spiderman II is as interesting as the first, ______?
A. does it B. doesn’t it C. isn't it D. is it
6. — Judy’s never been late for school, ________ she?
— ________. She is always the first to get to school every morning.
A. is; Yes B. has; No C. isn’t; Yes D. hasn’t; No
7. —He's already come back to Australia，________?
—Yes. We watched a movie together last night.
A. isn't he B. doesn't he C. hasn't he D. has he
8. I don't think she will agree with us, _ ?[来源:学科网]
A. will she B. won't she C. don't you D. do you
9. I believe they can make everything good enough, _ ?[来
A. can they B. can’t they C. do I D. don’t I
10. — There is a beautiful park near your school, _ ?
— Yes. I often go walking there.
A. isn’t there B. is there C. is it D. isn’t it
11. It doesn’t matter if they want to come to your party, _______?
A. doesn’t it B. does it C. don’t they D. do they
12. It’s the first time that he has been to Australia, _______?
A. isn’t he B. hasn’t he C. isn’t it D. hasn’t it
13. Tom and Sally could hardly work together, ________?
A. could they B. couldn’t they C. couldn’t he D. could she
14. When you’ve finished with that book, don’t forget to put it back on the shelf,______?
A. do you B. don’t you C. will you D. have you
15. I told them that I could run as fast as you , ______ ?
A. could he B. didn’t I C. didn’t you D. could they
二．完成对话
1.－It’s Father’s Day today, ______? －______,______. let’s buy a gift for Dad.
2. －Don’t be late for school next time, ______?
－______, ______. I’ll try to be on time.
3. — There is a beautiful park near your school, ______?
—______, ______. I often go walking there.
4. —The 29th Olympic Games were held in Beijing, ______?
—______, ______.
5. —Michael Jordan started to play basketball in college, ______ ?
—______, ______. He first played in a team at senior high school.
6. —David has been to a boxing match, ______?
—______, ______. He always watches boxing on TV.
7.---You can’t cook, ______
--- ______, ______. I’m good at cooking.
8. —You have a nice car, ______?
—___,______. I bought it last year.
9. —This is the first time that you have been to America, ______?
—______, ______. It is the second time that I’ve been there.
10. —According to my grandma, it is a good idea to eat chicken soup when you have a cold, ______?
—______, ______. Scientists agree with her.
答案：
（一）1-5 AACAD 6-10 BCABA 11-15 BCACB
（二）1. isn’t it; Yes, it is 2. will you; No, I won’t 3. isn’t there; Yes, there is 4. weren't they; Yes, they were 5. didn't he; No, he didn't 6. hasn't he; No, he hasn't 7. can you; Yes, I can 8. haven’t/ don’t you; Yes, I have/ do 9. isn’t it; No, it isn’t 10. isn’t it; Yes, it is
一、单词拼写
1. There were more than 5000 people in the s____________ when I got there.
2. B_________ is a sport in which two people fight each other with their hands.
3. A quick review of successes and f at the end of year will help draw up new plans for next year.
4. Once you have m a foreign language, you will have more chances to find a job.
5. Five other cities had been competing for the h__________ of staging the Games.
6. Moreover, with the stadium set up, a wide range of sports (比赛项目) are able to be held.
7. Tom and his classmates often take part in sports like tennis, (羽毛球运动) and swimming.
8. To be a world ____________(冠军) is his dream as an athlete.
9. The driver of the car received a serious __________(受伤) to the left leg.
10. He has been the ____________(队长) of national teams for many years.
二、单句填空
1.Visiting Canada had been our dream,but it was not until last year that we managed to make .
2.It is reported that there will be e-sports event in our city next week.
3.People bought water balloons filled blue paint and threw them at the runners.
4.Group exercise is one of the most effective ways to improve physical (fit).
5.If you want to lose weight,too,I recommend (do) exercise in the gym.
6.Running for about half an hour around the track made me really (tire).
7.Having been in the new school for two months,I still haven’t got used the life here.
8. (million) of people are suffering from starvation in many African countries.
9.Life is like a long race where we compete others to go beyond ourselves.
10.I must first try my best (pass) the college entrance examination.
三、完成句子
1.Doctor Brown (树立榜样) to all of us and we must learn from him.
2.The world’s transport systems would (崩溃) without a supply of electricity.
3.My brother (放弃) his present job and did some business himself.
4.Now I’d like to have my friend (与……分享) you this excitement.
5.Oxford (作为……而著名) one of the best universities in the world.
6.Make sure you have enough time to (为……做准备) the coming exam.
7.Although he didn’t pass the driving test last week,he didn’t (失去信心).
8.When she (面对困难) in her life,she always gets encouragement from you.
四、翻译句子
1.慢跑对身体有益。
_________________________________________________________________
2.我过去常常踢足球,但是现在我经常打篮球。
_________________________________________________________________
3.你能告诉我哪个国家要主办2020年奥运会吗?
_________________________________________________________________
4.直到所有的准备都做好了我们才开始工作。(not...until)
_________________________________________________________________
5.我真的很想知道如何改进我的英文发音。(疑问词+to do)
_________________________________________________________________
参考答案：
一、
1. stadium
2. Boxing
3. failures
4. mastered
5. honour
6. events
7. badminton
8. champion
9. injury
10. captain
二、
1.it
2.an
3.with
4.fitness
5.doing/to do
6.tired
7.to
8.Millions
9.with
10.to pass
三完成句子
1.set an example
2.fall apart
3. gave up
4.share with
5..is famous/known as
6.prepare for
或be prepared for
7.lose heart
8.faces difficulties
四、翻译句子
1. Jogging is beneficial to our health.
2. I used to play football/soccer, but now I often play basketball.
3. Can you tell me which country will host the 2020 Olympic Games?
4. We won’t start the work until all the preparations have been made.
5. I really want to know how to improve my English pronunciation.
一、单项填空
1.The sales manager was asked he should recommend to be the organizer of the next promotion plans.
A. what B. Whom C. how D. when
2.Thanks for your interesting ideas but we need ________ suggestions to get us out of the mess.
A. impressive B. similar C. practical D. traditional
3.He found another evidence, ________ of great importance to the case.
A. which I think is B. which I think it is C. which I think it D. I think which is
4.The engineer is reported the longest bridge of the country.
A. having designed B. have designed C. to have designed D. to design
5.I failed the games; I ________ it to be so difficult.
A. wouldn’t expect B. haven’t expected C. hadn’t expected D. wasn’t expecting
6.You should try to relax yourself much work you have to do.
A. however B. although C. whatever D. even if
7.He me that it was not worth buying and we went back with nothing.
A. tried to persuade B. persuaded C. preferred D. expected
8.Tom is nice and lovely, but he be very naughty at times.
A. can B. shall C. must D. should
9.With no one ________, Mary felt lonely.
A. talking to B. to talk to C. talked to D. to talk
10.—Hi, Jay, why do you look so upset?
—Well, I am today and I have broken 4 cups so far.
A. all thumbs B. all ears C. all D. all legs
二、完形填空
It is true that life is unpredictable. Disasters can ___11___ misfortune when faced with it is the true test of your character at any time. How you handle. A boy lost his arms in an accident. To take care of him, his younger brother became his ___12___, never leaving him alone for years. One late night, he suffered from diarrheal(腹泻). His younger brother ___13___ him into the toilet and then went back the dorm to wait. But being so ___14___, his younger brother fell asleep, leaving him on the toilet for two hours till the teacher on duty discovered him. Thus the two brothers grew up together. Then one day, his younger brother wanted to live his own ___15___. So the boy was heart-broken.
A similar misfortune befell a girl, too. One night alone at home, she tried to ___16___ meals for her parents, only to overturn the kerosene light(煤油灯) on the stove, resulting ___17___ a fire which took her hands away. Though her elder sister showed her willingness to ___18___ her, she was determined to be completely independent.
One day, the boy and the girl were both invited to appear on a television interview program. The boy expressed his fear for his uncertain future at being left on his own ___19___ the girl was full of enthusiasm for her life. They each were asked to write something on a piece of paper. The boy wrote: My younger brothers’ arms are my arms. The girl wrote: Broken wings, flying heart.
If you only complain about your suffering, it will always follow you wherever you go. But if you decide to be ____20____, the hardship will turn out to be a fortune on which new hopes will arise.
11. A. beat B. hit C. strike D. fight
12. A. adult B. educator C. shadow D. host
13. A. persuaded B. permitted C. allowed D. accompanied
14. A. enthusiastic B. optimistic C. tired D. disappointed
15. A. future B. fate C. life D. happiness
16. A. exchange B. buy C. order D. prepare
17. A. in B. from C. for D. upon
18. A. put away B. attend to C. pickup D. concentrate on
19. A. however B. besides C. while D. therefore
20. A. strong B. weak C. mild D. wild
三、阅读理解
A
Carl Lewis holds the record as the only man to capture the gold in the 100-meter, 200-meter, long jump, and 4×100-meter relay at the same Olympic Games. He has been a member of five Olympic teams, but it wasn’t until the 1984 Games in Los Angeles that he came into his own, winning the 100-meter, 200-meter, long jump, and 4×100-meter relay. He continued to create history at the 1988 Games in Seoul, where he won the 100-meter and the long jump for a second time. In 1992 in Barcelona, Carl won the long jump and 4×100-meter relay again. Carl Lewis finally finished competing in 1996 in Atlanta where he won the long jump.
He happens to live right down the street from me, so I decided to interview the greatest Olympian of all time.
1. When you started running, did you realize that you were going to be great?
No, I was awful when I started! I was 5’5" until the end of tenth grade, but by the time I graduated I was six feet. I’m sure I would have quit if it hadn’t been for my parents telling me not to give up.
2. What thoughts went through your mind before a race? What did you tell yourself?
Leading up to the race, I’d go over my race technique. But once I stepped into the block, I would try to relax and clear my mind so the only thing I could hear was the gun going off. While I was actually running, I had to be aware of what was happening, but I couldn’t let that affect my race. I had to run my own race.
3. What advice would you give athletes?
Never give up. I was supposed to give up, but because my mom was the best liar on earth, telling me I would grow and that I was good at running, I continued to run. And you know how people say, “You can be whatever you want to be.” You just have to be a leader, no a follower, choose to make a difference, and you will be whatever you aspire to be.
21. In which of the following did Carl Lewis win gold medals twice?
A. 100-meter and the long jump. B. 4×100-meter relay and 100-meter.
C. The long jump and 200-meter. D. 100-meter and 200-meter.
22. What can be learned about Carl Lewis from the passage?
A. He noticed nothing else but his running during the race.
B. He has altogether participated in four Olympic Games.
C. He was so determined that he never thought of quitting his sports.
D. He couldn’t have succeeded without his parents’ encouragement.
23. The underlined word “awful” in the passage is closest in meaning to ________.
A. terrible B. confident
C. great D. short
B
Charles Darwin University Bookshop
There are some new books in our shop:
No Easy Day
In No Easy Day, the author Mark Owen takes readers onto the field of battle in America’s ongoing War on Terror and details of the selection and training process in the military. Mark Owen honors the men risking everything for the country.
Dropping Acid
Dropping Acid is the first book to offer a nontraditional diet to help cure reflux(反酸). Using her extensive research, Dr. Koufman explains why a change in diet can reduce some of the most common symptoms. Her recipes use tasty fats as flavorings and include a variety of dishes that prove living with reflux doesn’t mean living without delicious food.
Almost Home
Almost Home tells the stories of six remarkable young people from across the United States and Canada as they face life alone on the streets, and offers practical insights into how to prevent homelessness and help homeless youth move to a hopeful future. All the stories inspire us with victories of the human spirit. Some money from the sale of each book will help support kids who benefit from Covenant House’s shelter and services.
Daring Greatly
In Daring Greatly, Dr. Brown questions everything traditional about vulnerability. Based on twelve years of research, she argues that vulnerability is not weakness, but rather our clearest path to courage, engagement, and meaningful connection. Daring Greatly will spark a new spirit of truth and trust in our organizations, families, schools and communities.
Please note:
Choose your books carefully. All books and packs have a specific ISBN.
CDU Bookshop will accept returns for books in new condition and provide credit notes/exchanges for incorrect orders for books purchased from the CDU Bookshop website. We cannot accept returns or exchange books if the book is purchased from another bookseller.
Trading hours
Monday - Friday: 8:30am - 4:00pm (Wednesday: 8:30am - 6:00pm)
Contact us:
Building Red 1.1 - 05 Central Place, Casuarinas campus
T:(08) 8946 6497
F:(08) 8946 6656
Bookshop@cdu.edu.au
24. From the advertisement we learn that ________.
A. the book No Easy Day describes the lives of the terrorists
B. the book DroppingAcid offers medical solutions to cure reflux
C. the book Almost Home tells us how to stop homelessness
D. the book Daring Greatly advises us to struggle for everything
25. All of the following are true EXCEPT ________.
A. Dr. Koufman uses tasty fats as flavorings in her recipes
B. Mark Owen speak highly of the men keeping America safe
C. some money from the sale of Almost Home is donated to Covenant House
D. Dr. Brown firmly holds a view that vulnerability is just weakness
26. According to the advertisement we can infer ________.
A. people can buy books on weekends at CDU Bookshop
B. some of the books at CDU Bookshop have a specific ISBN
C. people can buy books from both the CDU Bookshop and its website
D. books bought from other booksellers can be returned to the CDU Bookshop
C
Bullied(受欺凌的) kids face a high risk of mental health problems as teens and as young adults. Indeed, kids troubled by bullying may be worse off than those who had suffered physical abuse(虐待) or neglect, as the study found.
Until recently, most studies of child victims focused not on bullying but on maltreatment(虐待), Dieter Wolke says. Maltreatment includes physical or emotional abuse, neglect or other behaviors that can harm a child.
Wolke’s team wanted to better understand bullying’s long-term effects compared to those due to maltreatment. They focused on 4,026 children in the United Kingdom and 1,420 more in the United States. Information about bullying and maltreatment was collected for American children to age 13. They collected the same information for British youth up to age 16. The researchers also gathered data on each individuals’ mental health as a young adult.
Among the Americans, 36 percent of bullied kids had mental problems later. Those problems included anxiety, which is a state of excessive worry. They also included depression. That is a feeling of hopelessness that can last a long time. Among kids who had been maltreated by adults, 17 percent later suffered mental health problems. That was less than half the rate seen in people who had been bullied as school kids.
In the U.K. group, the difference was less dramatic. Roughly 25 percent of the bullied kids reported mental health problems later, compared with about 17 percent who had been maltreated. But however you look at it, the findings are disturbing. And that’s why Wolke says schools,health services and other agencies must work together to end bullying.
Studies like this are important, says Corinna Jenkins Tucker. They bring attention to the lasting impacts of bullying. Tucker does, however, question the value of comparing bullying to other types of abuse. Such an approach can make it seem like one type of bad experience is worse than the other, she says. In fact, both types have short-term and long-term effects on health. She’d like to see researchers study the big picture. They should try to understand how all of these negative experiences together shape children—and sometimes harm them.
27. It can be inferred from the passage that ________.
A. researchers should pay less attention to maltreatment
B. more bullied kids have mental problems in the USA
C. a similar number of children are maltreated in America and Britain
D. either bullying or maltreatment has negative effects on children’s health
28. The purpose of the author’s writing this passage is to ________.
A. advertise B. inform
C. Compare D. Entertain
29. The passage is most probably taken from ________.
A. a news section B. a science section
C. a culture section D. an entertainment section
30. In Tucker’s opinion, Wolke’s study is ________.
A. disappointing B. Improvable
C. satisfactory D. nonsense
四、任务型阅读（认真阅读下面的短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入最恰当的单词。注意：每空一词。）
Focusing in class really proves to teachers that you are a capable student but it also shows that you have got a solid level of self-control, which will be very important in your future life.
Get a good night’s sleep. Students should get at least nine hours of sleep each night. However, it’s hard to maintain those good sleep habits. Set a bedtime routine, and go to bed at the same hour each night. Your mind will not be able to concentrate if it’s not rested...it needs a break!
Eat a healthy breakfast. Although this may seem irrelevant to focusing during class, eating a nutritious meal in the morning gives you fresh energy for the day. If you consume a big meal, you’ll feel better throughout the day.
Get involved in class discussions. This is a wonderful way to become a more focused, successful student. When a teacher asks a question, offer to answer it. This shows the teacher that you’re listening carefully during the class.
Do your best. When you walk into that classroom, put a smile on your face and some confidence in your pocket.
Listen to music during your break. It is very refreshing and it can clear your mind between subjects, which could improve your productivity. But don’t get too carried away with the music.
Warnings:
Keep away from your more talkative friends. They can often distract you from your work.
Don’t stare at the teacher for too long. This might not let you work properly. In short, look at the teacher, but don’t overdo it.
____31____ to focus more in class
___32___
Get a good sleep.
Although it’s a ___33___ to maintain those good sleep habits, you should make it a ___34___ to go to bed at the same hour each night.
Eat a healthy breakfast.
Eating a nutritious meal in the morning makes you ___35___ for the day.
___36___ yourself in class discussions.
This is a wonderful way to become a more focused, successful student.
Do your best.
Enter the classroom with smile and ___37___.
Listen to music.
Music is refreshing and makes you more ___38___.
Warnings
___39___ your more talkative friends.
Don’t ____40____ your eyes on the teacher for too long.
答案详解
一、单项选择
1【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：销售经理被问到他应该推荐谁作为下一次促销计划的组织者。 he should recommend to be the organizer of the next promotion plans.是一个宾语从句，引导词在从句中作宾语，指人，故选B。
2【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：谢谢你有趣的想法，但我们需要实际的建议来摆脱困境。A. impressive感人的；B. similar相似的；C. practical实际的；D. traditional传统的。根据to get us out of the mess.可知，这里指的是“实际的建议”，故选C。
3【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：他找到了另一个证据，我认为这对这个案子很重要。of great importance to the case是一个非限制性定语从句，关系词是evidence，I think是插入语，插入语要放在关系词的后面，故选A。
4【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查不定式的完成时。句意：据报道，这位工程师设计了全国最长的桥梁。be reported to据报道，该用法是固定用法，排除A和B。“设计了全国最长的桥梁”这个动作发生在“据报道”这个动作之前，用不定式的完成时，故选C。
5【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：我没有通过比赛；我没想到会这么难。根据I failed the games可知，“我没有通过比赛”是发生在过去的事情，而“我没想到”是发生在过去的过去，用过去完成时，故选C。
6【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：不管你有多少工作要做，你都应该尽量放松自己。根据前后文是让步关系，用however，however much无论多少，故选A。
7【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他劝说我那东西不值得买，我们什么也没带回去。A. tried to persuade表示“劝说”而不一定劝服；B. persuaded说服，通常表示劝说成功；C. preferred偏爱；D. expected盼望。根据and we went back with nothing可知，是劝说成功，故选B。
8【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：汤姆很好很可爱，但是他有时也很淘气。A. can可能；B. shall用于第三人称时，表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁；C. must必须，一定；D. should应该。根据题意，表示可能性，故选A。
9【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查with复合结构。句意：由于没有人说话，玛丽感到孤独。表示将要发生的事，用不定式，talk to sb.和某人说话，该用法是固定用法，故选B。
10【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查情景交际及习惯表达。句意：——嗨，杰，你为什么看起来这么沮丧?——嗯，我今天笨手笨脚的，到目前为止我已经打破了4个杯子。A. all thumbs笨手笨脚；B. all ears洗耳恭听；C. all全部；D. all legs又瘦又长。根据and I have broken 4 cups so far.可知，这里意思是“我今天笨手笨脚的”。故选A。
二、完型填空
【答案】11. C 12. C 13. D 14. C 15. C 16. D 17. A 18. B 19. C 20. A
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章通过讲述一个男孩和一个女孩不幸致残的故事，说明如果你只会抱怨你所遭受的痛苦，那么它将永远伴随着你。但如果你决心坚强，困难会变成财富，并带来新的希望。
11题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：灾难可以触发不幸，当面对它时，无论在任何时候，都是对你性格的真正考验。A. beat打败；B. hit打击；C. strike触发；D. fight与……斗争。灾难自然是“触发”不幸。故选C。
【12题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了照顾他，他的弟弟成了他的影子，多年来从未离开过他。A. adult成年人；B. educator教育家；C. shadow影子；D. host主人。根据下文never leaving him alone for years可知，他的弟弟成了他的影子。故选C。
【13题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的弟弟陪他进了厕所，然后回宿舍等他。A. persuaded说服；B. permitted允许；C. allowed允许；D. accompanied陪伴。上文说为了照顾他，他的弟弟成了他的影子，多年来从未离开过他。由此可知，这里意思是他的弟弟陪他进了厕所，然后回宿舍等他。故选D。
【14题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是因为太累了，他的弟弟睡着了，把他留在马桶上两个小时，直到值班老师发现他。A. enthusiastic热情的；B. optimistic乐观的；C. tired疲倦的；D. disappointed失望的。根据his younger brother fell asleep可知，他的弟弟太累了。故选C。
【15题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后有一天，他的弟弟想要过自己的生活。A. future未来；B. fate命运；C. life生活；D. happiness快乐。根据So the boy was heart-broken.可知，他的弟弟想要过自己的生活，所以他心碎了。故选C。
【16题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天晚上，她独自在家，试图为父母准备饭，却打翻了炉子上的煤油灯，结果导致火灾，她的手被烧没了。A. exchange交换；B. buy买；C. order命令；D. prepare准备。根据only to overturn the kerosene light(煤油灯) on the stove可知，她试图为父母准备饭。故选D。
【17题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：一天晚上，她独自在家，试图为父母准备饭，却打翻了炉子上的煤油灯，结果导致火灾，她的手被烧没了。result in导致，该短语是固定短语，故选A。
【18题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：虽然姐姐表示愿意照顾她，但她决心要完全独立。A. put away放好；B. attend to照顾；C. pick up捡起；D. concentrate on集中精力于。根据she was determined to be completely independent.可知，她的姐姐表示愿意照顾她。故选B。
【19题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：男孩表达了他对前途未卜的恐惧，因为他被一个人留下了，而女孩却对她的生活充满了热情。A. however然而；B. besides此外；C. while（对比两件事物）……而；D. therefore因此。文中把两个孩子对待生活的态度进行对比，故选C。
【20题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但如果你决心坚强，困难会变成财富，并带来新的希望。A. strong坚强的；B. weak虚弱的；C. mild温和的；D. wild狂热的。根据the hardship will turn out to be a fortune on which new hopes will arise.可知，这里意思是如果你决心坚强。故选A。
【点睛】完形填空的解题技巧之一就是要根据上下文来学会“推理”出最佳选项。同学们要遵循“上下求索”的原则来查找信息。例如，第2小题根据下文never leaving him alone for years，可知他的弟弟成了他的影子。故选C。比如：4小题根据his younger brother fell asleep,可知他的弟弟太累了。故选C。
三、阅读理解
A篇
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇人物采访。文章是对最伟大的田径选手之一卡尔·刘易斯的采访记录。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段Carl Lewis holds the record as the only man to capture the gold in the 100-meter, 200-meter, long jump, and 4×100-meter relay at the same Olympic Games. He has been a member of five Olympic teams, but it wasn’t until the 1984 Games in Los Angeles that he came into his own, winning the 100-meter, 200-meter, long jump, and 4×100-meter relay. He continued to create history at the 1988 Games in Seoul, where he won the 100-meter and the long jump for a second time. In 1992 in Barcelona, Carl won the long jump and 4×100-meter relay again.(卡尔·刘易斯是在同一届奥运会上获得100米、200米、跳远和4×100米接力金牌的唯一一人。他曾是五支奥运代表队的成员，但直到1984年洛杉矶奥运会他才崭露头角，赢得了100米、200米、跳远和4×100米接力赛的冠军。他在1988年汉城奥运会上继续创造历史，在那里他赢得了100米和跳远的第二次冠军。1992年巴塞罗那奥运会上，卡尔又赢得了跳远和4×100米接力赛的冠军。)可知，卡尔·刘易斯在4×100米接力赛和100米赛比赛中两次获得金牌，故选B。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一点提问的回答最后一句I’m sure I would have quit if it hadn’t been for my parents telling me not to give up.(如果不是我父母告诉我不要放弃，我肯定会放弃的。)可知，没有父母的鼓励，Carl Lewis不可能成功。故选D。
【23题详解】
词义猜测题。根据问题When you started running, did you realize that you were going to be great?(当你开始跑步的时候，你意识到你会变得很棒吗？)以及回答No, I was awful when I started!可知，刘易斯对变得很棒是否定的，所以“awful”的意思是“糟糕的”。A. terrible糟糕的；B. confident自信的；C. great伟大的；D. short短的。故选A。
【点睛】细节理解题大多是根据文章中的具体信息如事实、例证、原因、过程、论述等进行提问的。抓住文段中的事实和细节是做好该题型的关键，也是做好其它类型问题的基础。该题型几乎都可以在文章中直接找到与答案有关的信息，或是其变体。在一篇短文里大部分篇幅都属于这类围绕主体展开的细节。做这类题一般采用寻读法，即先读题，然后带着问题快速阅读短文，找出与问题和选项有关的词语或句子，再对相关部分进行分析对比，找出答案。正确选项虽然一般不是原文照搬，但是一般是原文的改写，意思不变。如换一个同义词，把否定改为肯定，把肯定改为否定等。如第2小题，根据I’m sure I would have quit if it hadn’t been for my parents telling me not to give up.（如果不是我父母告诉我不要放弃，我肯定会放弃的。）可知没有父母的鼓励，Carl Lewis不可能成功。故选D。
B篇
【答案】24. C 25. D 26. C
【解析】
【分析】
这是一则广告。文章主要讲了Charles Darwin大学书店关于书籍销售的一些情况。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据Almost Home部分Almost Home tells the stories of six remarkable young people from across the United States and Canada as they face life alone on the streets. and offers practical insights into how to prevent homelessness and help homeless youth move to a hopeful future.(Almost Home讲述了来自美国和加拿大的六个杰出的年轻人独自面对街头生活的故事。并就如何预防无家可归和帮助无家可归的年轻人走向充满希望的未来提供了实用的见解。)可知，从广告中我们得知Almost Home这本书告诉我们如何停止无家可归，故选C。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据Daring Greatly部分Based on twelve years of research, she argues that vulnerability is not weakness, but rather our clearest path to courage, engagement, and meaningful connection.(基于12年的研究，她认为，脆弱不是软弱，而是我们通向勇气、参与和有意义的联系的最清晰的道路。)可知，D选项的表述“布朗博士坚定地认为，脆弱就是软弱”错误，故选D。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据Please note部分CDU Bookshop will accept returns for books in new condition and provide credit notes/exchanges for incorrect orders for books purchased from the CDU Bookshop website.(CDU书店将接受新的书籍退货，并为从CDU书店网站购买的书籍提供信用券/兑换。)推知，人们可以从CDU书店及其网站上购买书籍，故选C。
【点睛】通过对关键词，关键短语或者是关键的句子的把握是解决推理判断题的重要解题方法之一，它们往往隐藏着深层的意思。小题3根据Please note部分CDU Bookshop will accept returns for books in new condition and provide credit notes/exchanges for incorrect orders for books purchased from the CDU Bookshop website.(CDU书店将接受新的书籍退货，并为从CDU书店网站购买的书籍提供信用券/兑换。)由此推断出，人们可以从CDU书店及其网站上购买书籍，故选C。
C篇
【答案】27. D 28. B 29. B 30. B
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了研究发现，受欺凌困扰的孩子的心理健康问题可能比那些遭受过身体虐待或忽视的孩子情况更糟。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段Bullied(受欺凌的) kids face a high risk of mental health problems as teens and as young adults. Indeed, kids troubled by bullying may be worse off than those who had suffered physical abuse(虐待) or neglect, as the study found.(被欺负的孩子在青少年和青年时期面临着很高的心理健康问题。事实上，研究发现，受欺凌困扰的孩子可能比那些遭受过身体虐待或忽视的孩子情况更糟。)可知，无论是欺凌还是虐待都会对儿童的健康产生负面影响，故选D。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。这篇文章主要讲了事实上，研究发现，受欺凌困扰的孩子可能比那些遭受过身体虐待或忽视的孩子情况更糟。由此推断出，作者写这篇文章的目的是为了报告最新研究发现，故选B。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。这篇文章主要讲了事实上，研究发现，受欺凌困扰的孩子可能比那些遭受过身体虐待或忽视的孩子情况更糟。由此推断出，这篇文章可能摘自科学部分，故选B。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段Studies like this are important, says Corinna Jenkins Tucker. They bring attention to the lasting impacts of bullying. Tucker does, however, question the value of comparing bullying to other types of abuse.(科琳娜·詹金斯·塔克说，这样的研究很重要。他们让人们注意到欺凌的持久影响。然而，塔克对将欺凌与其他类型的虐待进行比较的价值提出了质疑。)可知，在塔克看来，沃克的研究是可以改进的，故选B。
四、任务型阅读
【答案】31. Ways/How
32. Tips/Suggestions/Advice
33. challenge
34. routine/rule/principle
35. energetic
36. Involve
37. confidence
38. productive
39. Avoid 40. fix/concentrate/focus
【解析】
这是一篇议论文。文章对于如何在课堂上更专注，提出了一些建议。
【31题详解】
考查词义和语境理解。下文介绍了如何在课堂上更专注，这里表示“在课堂上更专注的方法”或“如何在课堂上更专注”，所以填Ways/How。
【32题详解】
考查词义和语境理解。表格中的内容，是对于如何在课堂上更专注，提出了一些建议，所以填Tips/Suggestions/Advice。
【33题详解】
考查词义和语境理解。根据However, it’s hard to maintain those good sleep habits. Set a bedtime routine, and go to bed at the same hour each night.（然而，要保持良好的睡眠习惯是很困难的。设定一个就寝时间，每晚在同一时间就寝。）可知，这里意思是保持良好的睡眠习惯是个挑战。冠词之后，用名词，所以填challenge。
【34题详解】
考查词义和语境理解。根据However, it’s hard to maintain those good sleep habits. Set a bedtime routine, and go to bed at the same hour each night.（然而，要保持良好的睡眠习惯是很困难的。设定一个就寝时间，每晚在同一时间就寝。）可知，这里意思是你应该养成每晚按时睡觉的习惯。冠词之后，用名词，所以填routine/rule/principle。
【35题详解】
考查词义和语境理解。根据Although this may seem irrelevant to focusing during class, eating a nutritious meal in the morning gives you fresh energy for the day.（虽然这似乎与上课时集中注意力无关，但早上吃一顿营养丰富的饭会给你一天的新鲜能量。）由此可知，这里意思是早上吃一顿营养丰富的饭会让你一整天都精力充沛。该空需要用形容词，所以填energetic。
【36题详解】
考查词义和语境理解。根据Get involved in class discussions.可知，这里意思是参与课堂讨论。祈使句用动词原形，所以填Involve。
【37题详解】
考查词义和语境理解。根据When you walk into that classroom, put a smile on your face and some confidence in your pocket.（当你走进那间教室时，请面带微笑，并在口袋里放一些自信。）可知，这里意思是带着微笑和自信走进教室。介词之后，用名词，所以填confidence。
【38题详解】
考查词义和语境理解。根据It is very refreshing and it can clear your mind between subjects, which could improve your productivity.（这是非常清新的，它可以清理你科目之间的思维，这可以提高你的生产力。）可知，这里意思是音乐让人精神焕发，让你更有效率。该空需要填形容词，所以填productive。
【39题详解】
考查词义和语境理解。根据Keep away from your more talkative friends.（离你那些多嘴的朋友远点。）可知，这里意思是避免和多嘴的朋友在一起。祈使句用动词原形，所以填Avoid。
【40题详解】
考查词义和语境理解。根据Don’t stare at the teacher for too long.可知，这里意思是不要盯着老师太久。祈使句用动词原形，所以填fix/concentrate/focus。
1. 【2018·北京卷】The night before my (马拉松赛跑),I dreamt that I couldn’t even find the finish line.
2.【2018·全国卷Ⅲ)】 Moreover, with the stadium set up, a wide range of sports (比赛项目)are able to be held.
7.【2018·全国卷Ⅲ】To my great joy, a famous new (体育场) has been built up, which has become the landmark in our school.
1.marathon
2.events
3.stadium
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