2020版高考英语新设计大一轮译林版讲义：第一部分模块四Unit3

Unit 3　Tomorrow’s world



Ⅰ.单词语境记忆
1.go sightseeing 　　去观光
2.in the neighbourhood 在邻近的地方
3.an outdated monitor 一个过时的显示器
4.be of great importance 非常重要
5.master English 精通英语
6.passive smoking 被动吸烟
7.social networks 社交网络
8.constant practice 不断的练习
9.function as a bed 用作床
10.the entrance and exit 入口和出口
Ⅱ.词性转换与派生记忆
1.amaze vt.使惊奇，使惊诧→amazement n.惊奇，惊愕，惊诧→amazed adj.惊奇的，吃惊的→amazing adj.令人吃惊的
2.confident adj.自信的；肯定的，有把握的→confidently adv.自信地→confidence n.信心，信任
3.disappointed adj.失望的，沮丧的→disappointing adj.令人失望的→disappoint vt.使失望→disappointment n.失望
4.impression n.印象，感想→impressive adj.印象深刻的→impress vt.给……以深刻印象；使铭记
5.presentation n.展示，介绍；颁发；提交，出示→present v.颁发
6.injure vt.伤害，损害→injury n.伤害，损害；负伤
7.social adj.社交的；社会的→society n.社会→socialism n.社会主义→socialist adj.社会主义的→socialize v.交友，社交
8.disadvantage n.缺点；不利因素，障碍→advantage n.优势
9.disabled adj.有残疾的→disable vt.使残疾→disability n.残疾
10.reality n.现实，事实→real adj.真实的→really adv.真正地→realize vt.实现；实行→realistic adj.现实主义的
11.electric adj.电的，电动的→electricity n.电
12.secure adj.安全的；有把握的 vt.获得；使安全→security n.安全
13.terror n.惊恐；恐惧→terrify vt.使恐惧→terrified adj.惊恐的→terrifying adj.令人惊恐的
14.printer n.打印机；印刷厂；印刷工人→print vt.打印
15.convenience n.方便，便利→convenient adj.方便的
『联想记忆』
1.“n.＋work”合成名词一览
①artwork　　艺术品
②network 网络
③paperwork 文书工作
④woodwork 木制品
⑤housework 家务
⑥homework 家庭作业
2.“-ology”学科名词集锦
①biology 生物学
②ecology 生态学
③geology 地质学
④psychology 心理学
⑤sociology 社会学
⑥zoology 动物学
⑦physiology 生理学
⑧archeology 考古学
3.“n.＋hood”名词荟萃
①neighbourhood 街坊
②childhood 童年
③boyhood 少年时代
④adulthood 成年
⑤manhood 男子气概
⑥brotherhood 手足之情
⑦parenthood 父母身份
4.“连续不断的”各种形容词表达
①continuous 连续的
②constant 连续不断的
③running 连续的
④successive 连续的
5.与“电”有关的词
①electricity n. 电，电流
②electric adj. 电的，电动的
③electrical adj. 有关电的
④electronic adj. 电子的
⑤wireless n. 无线电

1.We must balance the rural and urban development.我们必须平衡农村和城市的发展。
2.There are many advantages as well as disadvantages in his learning English.
他学习英语有很多优势，也有很多劣势。
3.You should tell the differences between active voice and passive voice.你应当区分主动语态和被动语态。

1.add to　　使增加，使增强
2.connect with/to 与……连接
3.give out/off 公布；发出(声、光、气等)
4.put forward 提出，提议
5.in the convenience of 在方便的时候
6.carry out 执行；实行；贯彻
7.compared with 与……比较起来
8.as to 至于，关于
9.set up 设立，建立
10.be concerned about 关心，挂念
11.speak of 说起，谈到
12.be filled with 充满
13.blow up 爆炸；使爆炸
14.hold on to 紧紧抓住
『词块记忆』
1.development in science and technology科技方面的发展
2.the surrounding environment周围的环境
3.virtual reality虚拟现实
4.take a trip去旅行
5.in a secure environment在安全的环境中
6.social problem社交问题
7.experience the world体验世界
8.make a profit获取利润
9.reduce the amount of rubbish减少垃圾数量
10.update the computers更新电脑
11.sit against a tree靠着一棵树坐着
12.travel into the future or the past穿越未来或过去
13.in the long term/run从长远来看
14.last but not least最后但同样重要的
15.in terror惊恐地
16.all of a sudden突然

1.Not only will he or she feel every step of climbing Mount Qomolangma，but the user will also experience the cold，smells，sights and sounds of the surrounding environment...
使用者不仅能感受到攀登珠穆朗玛峰的每一步的艰辛，还能体验到周围环境的寒冷、气味、景观和声音……
2.In scientific studies it has been shown that VR can be a good treatment for people who have social problems.
科学研究表明，观看VR电影还是社交障碍的有效治疗方法。
3.This kind of urban planning is in the long term cheaper and more practical，compared with the way most urban planning is done today.这种城市规划从长远来看与今天所做的多数城市规划相比更加经济、实用。
4.He managed to keep fruit and vegetables fresh for three weeks using only two clay pots and some wet sand.
只用了两个陶土罐和一些湿沙子他就将水果和蔬菜保鲜达三个星期。
5.In my opinion，it is about time we had new computers.在我看来，我们应该有新的电脑了。
6.At first，I thought that the Eloi had forced the Morlocks to do all of the work so that the Eloi could play.
开始，我以为是艾洛伊人强迫摩洛克人去做所有的工作，以便自己可以玩乐。

Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.A month before my first marathon，one of my ankles was injured (受伤) and this meant not running for two weeks.(2018·北京高考阅读A)
2.I hope my lack of experience won’t be to my disadvantage (不利因素).
3.We bought this house for convenience (便利); it’s near the shops and the railway station.
4.The function (功能) of an adjective is to describe or add to the meaning of a noun.
5.Information must be stored so that it is secure (安全的) from accidental deletion.
6.Passive (被动的) smoking means taking in someone else’s cigarette and it is also harmful to health.
7.Joe gathered the boys and girls of the neighbourhood (街区) for a picnic.
8.All of us should care more about the disabled (有残疾的) and give them as much help as we can.
9.The reality (现实) is that young people will not go into teaching unless salaries are higher.
10.Scott is quite confident (自信的) that there will be no problems in achieving this project on time.
Ⅱ.词性变化练习
1.Mail order is a convenience (convenient) for buyers who are too busy to shop.
2.One disadvantage (advantage)of living here is the lack of safe places for the children to play.
3.In particular，security (secure)must be taken into greater consideration.
4.With a firm vision we confidently (confidence) create our own future，and shape our own destiny.
5.I didn’t want to disappoint my father，but the disappointing exam result made him very disappointed.I found it hard to hide my disappointment when I saw my father was sad.(disappoint)
6.If it is difficult for you to digest the graphs I presented during the presentation，ask our market leader for more information.(present)
Ⅲ.选词填空
last but not least，set up，give out，compared with，in the long term，carry out，put forward，add to
1.The heavy rain added__to the difficulty in rescuing the buried people.
2.She put__forward a proposal which shocked the people present.
3.When Edison was only ten，he set__up a small chemistry lab of his own.
4.This is a very special flower and it can give__out a strong sweet perfume at night.
5.The investigation was carried__out under the direction of a senior police officer.
6.One should treat the relationship between wealth and health in__the__long__term instead of in the short term.
7.Last__but__not__least，our school has many good English teachers，who are willing to help us whenever we meet with difficulties.
8.Compared__with adults learning foreign languages children do not have good conditions，but they can master mother tongue completely.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.Not__only__can keeping diaries help you to form a good habit of studying English but__it__can__also improve your writing ability and skills.
写日记不仅可以帮助你养成一个学习英语的好习惯，而且它可以提高你的写作能力和技巧。
2.If your hands are cold，keep__them__in__your__pockets.
如果你觉得手冷，就把它们放在口袋里。
3.Obviously it’s (high) time that we took/should__take__some__measures to solve the problem.
很明显，我们现在应该采取一些措施来解决这个问题了。
4.Compared__with__learning__one’s__own__mother__tongue，the process of learning any foreign language well seems to be especially hard and long.
与学习母语相比，学好任何一门外语的过程都显得特别艰辛和漫长。
5.When I was a little boy，I wanted to be a soldier with a gun so__that__I__could__defend__my__country.
我小时候想当一名持枪的战士以便能保卫自己的祖国。

核心要点突破
1.amaze vt.使惊奇，使惊诧
(1)It amazes sb that...＝What amazes sb is that...
　　　　　　　　　　使某人惊奇的是……
(2)amazing adj. 令人惊奇的
(3)amazed adj. 吃惊的，惊奇的
be amazed at/by... 对……感到惊讶
be amazed to do sth 做某事感到惊讶
(4)amazement n. 惊奇，惊愕
to one’s amazement 令某人惊讶的是
单句语法填空/一句多译
①You will be amazed (amaze) at the progress we have made in such a short time.
②使我惊讶的是，他把这首诗从头到尾背诵了出来。
→To__my__amazement，he was able to recite the whole poem from memory.
→What__amazed__me was that he was able to recite the whole poem from memory.(what引导的主语从句)
[佳句背诵] Our school has an amazing gymnasium and playground with modern facilities，such as a lawn football field，plastic tracks.(2018·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)
我们学校有一个令人震惊的体育馆和操场，拥有现代化的设施，比如草皮足球场和橡胶跑道。
[名师指津] 可用于“to one’s＋n.”结构的抽象名词还有：delight，surprise，satisfaction，astonishment，disappointment等。
2.confident adj.自信的；肯定的，确信的，有把握的
(1)be/feel confident about...　对……自信、有信心
对……有把握
(2)confidence n. 自信心，自信
have/lack confidence in... 对……有/缺乏信心
一句多译
汤姆自信有能力为自己找到一份好工作。
→Tom is__confident__of his ability to get a good job for himself.
→Tom has__confidence__in his ability to get a good job for himself.
→Tom is__confident__that he has ability to get a good job for himself.
[佳句背诵] Having accumulated related experience by working part time，I’m confident that I’m well qualified for the job.(2018·浙江高考书面表达)
通过兼职积累了相关经验，我相信能很好地胜任这项工作。
3.injure vt.伤害，损害
(1)injury n.　　　　　　　伤害，伤口
do sb/oneself an injury＝do an injury to sb/oneself
使某人/自己受伤害
(2)injured adj. 受伤的
get injured 受伤
the injured 伤员
单句语法填空
①These chemicals come from the injured (injure) parts of the plant and seem to be an alarm.
②There’s no denying that the attack has done a severe injury (injure) to his reputation.
[佳句背诵] But now，because my left foot was injured in the football game，I cannot go with you as planned.(北京高考书面表达)
但现在，由于我的左脚在足球比赛中受伤了，我不能像计划的那样和你一起去。
4.disadvantage n.缺点；不利因素，障碍
(1)at a disadvantage　　　　　处于不利地位
advantages and disadvantages 利与弊
(2)advantage n. 优势；有利条件
take advantage of 利用
have an advantage over 胜过
单句语法填空/完成句子
①Men usually have an advantage over women when hunting for jobs.
②I’m going to take__advantage__of__this__tour to explore the history of the castle.(2016·天津高考单选)
我打算利用这次观光的机会来探究这座城堡的历史。
[佳句背诵] They should learn from each other so that they can have more advantages than disadvantages.(广东高考满分作文)
他们应该彼此学习，从而有更多的优点而不是缺点。
5.accuse vt.控诉，控告；指责；谴责
(1)accuse sb of (doing) sth＝charge sb with (doing) sth　　　　　　　　　　指责/控告某人(做)某事
accuse sb as... 控告/指责某人为……
(2)the accused 被告
单句语法填空
①He was charged with cheating in the examination.That is，he was accused of cheating in the examination.
②The accused (accuse) was accused as a murderer，but the judge found him innocent.
[佳句背诵] She was upset，for the teacher accused her of carelessness.(江西高考书面表达)
她很心烦，因为老师指责她粗心大意。
[名师指津] 动词accuse可构成accuse sb of sth结构，类似的动词短语还有：
①remind sb of sth　　　提醒某人某事
②rob sb of sth 抢劫某人某物
③rid sb of sth 使某人摆脱某物
④inform sb of sth 告知某人某事
⑤cure sb of sth 治愈某人的某种疾病
⑥suspect sb of sth 怀疑某人做某事
⑦warn sb of sth 警告某人某事
⑧convince sb of sth 使某人相信某事
6.function vi.起作用，充当，正常运转(工作)，活动 n.作用，功能；职能，职责
function as...　　担任/起……作用，具有……功能
function well (properly)/normally/efficiently
运转良好/正常/高效运转
单句语法填空/完成句子
①During the war，when London was bombed，many underground stations functioned as bomb shelters.
②The machine won’t function__properly if you don’t oil it well.
如果你不给机器好好加油的话，它就不会正常运转。
[佳句背诵] However，what amazes me most is the following new function.(湖南高考书面表达)
然而，最令我吃惊的是它的下列新功能。
7.escape vi.逃跑，逃离，逃脱；泄漏 vt.避开，避免；被遗忘，被忽视 n.逃离，逃脱
[一词多义] 写出下列句中escape的含义
①Without thinking he started to run and luckily escaped the cat’s paw.逃脱
②Seeing the poisonous gas escaping from the broken pipe，he sounded the alarm.漏出
③The two officers were extremely lucky to escape serious injury.避开
④I remembered seeing him somewhere before，but his name escaped me for the moment.被遗忘
escape from　　　　　　从……逃走/逃脱/逃跑
escape doing sth 逃脱做某事
have a narrow escape 侥幸逃脱，九死一生
单句语法填空/句型转换
⑤It’s reported that the driver tried to escape being__caught (catch) after knocking four people to death.
⑥It is said that he narrowly escaped being killed in the traffic accident the other day.
→It is said that he had__a__narrow__escape in the traffic accident the other day.
8.add to 使增强，使增加，使扩大，增添(多用于抽象意义)
(1)add up　　　　　　合计，相加
add up to 合计为，结果是
add...to... 把……加到……中
(2)in addition 另外；此外
in addition to 除……之外(还有)
单句语法填空/完成句子
①You will get the final result when you add up all the numbers.
②As is known to all，good friends add__happiness__and__value__to life.
众所周知，好朋友会给生活添加快乐，使生活更有意义。
[佳句背诵] In addition，by doing the part-time job I got some precious experience.(2018· 浙江高考满分作文)
此外，通过做兼职工作，我获得了一些宝贵经验。
[名师指津] 表示“此外”的短语还有：besides，what’s more，moreover。
9.put forward 提出，提议；推荐；将……提前；拨快(时钟指针)
[一词多义] 写出句中put forward的含义
①My watch was slow，so I put it forward three minutes.拨快
②They are to put forward the date of our meeting by one month.将……提前
③The proposal put forward by Dobrindt aims to help promote fully automatic driving.
(2017· 天津高考阅读C)提出
put away　　　把……收拾好，整理；储蓄
put aside 把……放到一边；暂不考虑
put down 放下；写下，记下；镇压
put on 穿上；上演；增加
put off 推迟，延期
put up 搭建；张贴；为……提供住宿
put through 接通电话；完成
put out 扑灭；熄(灯)
完成句子
④Encourage children to__put__aside some of their pocket-money to buy Christmas presents.
鼓励孩子们省下一部分零花钱来买圣诞礼物。
⑤Never put__off till tomorrow what you can do today.
今日事今日毕。
10.not only...but also....
Not only will he or she feel every step of climbing Mount Qomolangma，but the user will also experience the cold，smells，sights and sounds of the surrounding environment...(教材原句)
使用者不仅能感受到攀登珠穆朗玛峰的每一步的艰辛，还能体验到周围环境的寒冷、气味、景观和声音……
句中“not only...but also...”连接的是两个并列分句，意为“不仅……，而且……”。该结构的具体用法如下：
(1)not only...but also连接两个相同的句子成分
(2)but also可连用，也可分开；also还可以省略
(3)连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词的形式应与就近的一个保持一致
(4)not only后接句子放在句首时，它所在的分句要用部分倒装结构，但是but also所在的分句不倒装
①As you know，not only can playing ping-pong build up your body but it also shapes your character.(2017·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)
正如你知道的，打乒乓球不仅能增强你的体质，而且能塑造你的性格。
②By doing so，I can not__only__share__good__ideas__with__others__but__also learn to express myself clearly.
通过这种做法，我不但能和他人分享好的想法，而且还学会了清楚地表达自己的思想。
③Not only the students but also their teacher likes (like) playing football.
11.It’s (about/high) time (that) sb did/should do sth
In my opinion，it is about time we had new computers.(教材原句)
在我看来，我们应该有新的电脑了。
(1)It’s (about/high) time (that) sb did/should do sth是固定句型，意为“(现在)是某人做某事的时候了”，should通常不可省略。
①It’s high time the film industry should make greater efforts to attract more viewers.(2017·江苏高考满分作文)
到了电影产业作出更大努力来吸引更多观众的时候了。
(2)由time构成的其他句型：
·It’s time for sth是……的时候了
·It’s time for sb to do sth是某人做某事的时候了
·It/This/That is/was the first/second/...time＋that...这/那是某人第一/二/……次……(从句要用完成时)
②It is high time for us to__cheer (cheer) for our favorite football team.
→It is high time that we cheered/should__cheer (cheer) for our favorite football team.
该是我们为最喜欢的足球队呐喊加油的时候了。
③I was very nervous because it was the first time that I had__been__invited (invite) to such a banquet.
我非常紧张，因为我是第一次受邀参加这样的宴会。
考纲词汇专练
Ⅰ.多义词专练——选择语境中词汇的含义
1.monitor
A.n.监视器，显示器　B.n.班长　C.v.监视，监督
D.vt.监听
①They should either monitor their websites better so that children do not sign up too early，or they should adjust their websites to the needs of younger users.
(2018·江苏高考阅读D)C
②Please be quiet，the monitor has something important to say.B
③Some computers allow you to plug in two or more video cards，each connected to its own monitor.A
④He didn’t know the security police had monitored all of his phone calls.D
2.pack
A.n.纸盒，纸袋　B.n.一包，一捆　C.n.一群，一帮，一伙　D.vt.打包　E.v.收拾行李，(把……)装箱
①To avoid being caught，the Winns had to get their tent up late and packed it away early in the morning.
(2018·江苏高考完形)D
②He is a heavy smoker，who smokes two packs of cigarettes every day.B
③The police caught a pack of thieves on the train.C
④We’re off to England tomorrow but I haven’t even started packing yet.E
⑤We can put these small things into packs in order to look good.A
Ⅱ.微阅读——写出加黑词汇在语境中的意义
1.After countless interviews and presentations，I managed to stand out among the candidates and survive the test alone.(广东高考阅读C) 展示
2.Worn down by the demands of the new baby and perhaps the constant threat of starvation，she made the painful decision to give away her girl so that both of us might have a chance for a better life.
(江苏高考阅读D)经常的
3.One crucial factor is secure access to land.Competition from investors，developers，and established large farmers makes owning one’s own land unattainable for many new farmers.(2018·江苏高考阅读C)安全的
Ⅲ.微完形——根据语境选出正确选项
1.We have been familiar with 3G mobile phone and 3D TV.Now let’s experience RealCine—__①__ reality film，which will __②__ you.RealCine works by making the users feel that they are really in a new world.
①A.passive B.virtual
C.social D.secure
②A.accuse B.monitor
C.amaze D.escape
答案　①B　②C
2.Although an argument has been __①__ that some users will be __②__ by RealCine because VR is not real，with VR we are able to do things that could never be achieved in real life.
①A.put on B.put up
C.put forward D.put out
②A.amazed B.disappointed
C.terrified D.hired
答案　①C　②B

Ⅰ.在空白处填入1个适当的单词或所给单词的正确形式——热考常考
1.We bought this house for its convenience (convenient)，it’s very near the shops and there is a good transport service.
2.Being tall makes him have an advantage over the other players.
3.On weekdays，one third of the room functions as workspace.
4.My wheelchair experiment was soon finished，which made a deep impression (impress) on me.
5.Amazed (amaze) at the wonder and the greatness of nature，we jumped and shouted like innocent children.
6.Disappointed (disappoint) at failing in the math exam，John wouldn’t like to talk about it to his parents.
7.Not only my parents but also I am (be) fond of sports.
8.It is time for the government to__take (take) effective measures to control the house prices.
9.The teacher wants the children to feel confident about/of asking questions when they don’t understand.
10.When I heard the sound of the motorboat fade away in the distance，I felt heartbroken.
Ⅱ.用所给词的正确形式填空——不规则变化
1.Bob hurried to join him，and they rode (ride) home together.
2.She grew (grow) many wonderful plants that were unfamiliar to me.
3.The photos taken (take) many years ago were__lost (lose) last week.
4.Even the leaves fallen (fall) on the ground have been blown (blow) away.It is really depressing.
5.But the findings do not apply to energy burnt/burned (burn) by exercise.
Ⅲ.改正下列句子中的唯一错误——易错易混
1.Not only the clerks but also the manager want to go climbing tomorrow.want→wants
2.It’s high time that he does something instead of just talking.does→did
3.Isn’t it amazed how the human body heals itself after an injury？amazed→amazing
4.All of sudden，a new car pulled up in front of me.第一个of后加a
5.It is said that he narrowly escaped drowned in the river yesterday afternoon.escaped后加being
6.The company was accused with using misleading advertisements in its promotion of the weight-loss pills.with→of或accused→charged
Ⅳ.根据语境判断加黑词的正确含义——熟词生义
A.逃跑　B.变弱　C.想不起来；被遗忘　D.监视
1.She became ill and slowly faded away.B
2.And these movements are monitored continuously as you move around inside the film.D
3.It was an actor whose name escaped me for the moment.C


Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
The first truly autonomous cars—vehicles that drive down the streets with no one behind the wheel—have finally arrived.

Waymo，which began life as Google’s self-driving car project，announced that it had let its driverless cars loose in parts of Phoenix，Arizona，with nobody in the front seats to take over in case of emergency.Members of the public taking part in a Waymo trial in the desert city in the south-west US will be able to order the vehicles to come through an app “in the next few months”，the group said.
Potentially one of the most revolutionary(革命性的) new technologies，as well as one of the most advertised，driverless cars have been at the centre of a race between big automakers and technology companies.But while a number of groups are testing the technology on the streets with back-up drivers behind the wheel，most believe the approach of full autonomy is at least two years away.
Google shocked the auto industry when it first showed a basic version of its driverless technology seven years ago，and it then invested more than $1bn in autonomous vehicle research.
Rivals(竞争对手) admit it still has a technology lead，though skeptics question whether the artificial intelligence is good enough to respond to the many unforeseen events that could occur on the road.
Waymo believes it is the first company to reach a standard known in the driverless car world as level 4，meaning its cars can drive under full autonomy in preset areas that have been carefully mapped out and tested.Uber，General Motors，Aptiv PLC，BMW and others have been conducting testing to reach level 4，but all of them still keep a human in the driver’s seat.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。无人驾驶汽车一直都是人们的梦想，如今这个梦想真的已经实现：源自Google自动驾驶汽车项目的Waymo研发的无人驾驶汽车已经开始在部分地区试行了。
1.What should people do in the driverless car test?
A.Take over in an emergency.
B.Call for a car without an app.
C.Let the car operate in full autonomy.
D.Test the car in a deserted place.
答案　C　[细节理解题。根据前两段内容可知，Waymo研发的无人驾驶汽车是全自动的，不需要人坐在车里去处理紧急情况。故选C项。]
2.The third paragraph may be used to show________.
A.Google’s driverless technology is really advanced
B.Waymo will be widely acknowledged two years later
C.driverless cars will damage the entire automobile market
D.the technology of driverless cars is developing too fast
答案　A　[推理判断题。第三段主要说的是对大的汽车制造商和科技公司(Google除外)来说，无人驾驶汽车技术还在争分夺秒地开发和完善，虽然很多团体测试这项技术时还有驾驶员坐在车里，但是很多人认为全自动的驾驶技术出现还需要至少两年的时间。然而，文章开头提到Google已经研发出这种技术了，故本段旨在表明Google这项技术的先进性。]
3.Why is Waymo confident about trying out its first driverless cars?
A.Because it already invented a basic version.
B.Because it has a technology lead in this area.
C.Because it has reached full，level 4 autonomy.
D.Because its cars can drive wherever a person likes.
答案　C　[细节理解题。根据第一段内容以及最后一段中的“Waymo believes it is the first company to reach a standard known in the driverless car world as level 4，but...”可知，Waymo是第一个在全自动驾驶领域达到四级标准的公司，但这种车仍然需要叫人坐在驾驶的位子上。故选C。]
4.What’s the author’s attitude towards the self-driving car?
A.Supportive. B.Opposed.
C.Skeptical. D.Objective.
答案　D　[观点态度题。作者介绍了Waymo公司率先在美国部分地区试用无人驾驶汽车，同时也说明了部分人的担忧和Waymo对自己技术的信心，但是就无人驾驶汽车而言，作者并没有明确表明自己的观点是支持还是反对，故选D项“客观的”。]
B
Many of the world’s tallest buildings will make you dizzy if you reached their top.But these grand buildings could soon look like bungalows in comparison to a three-mile-high skyscraper which it is said could be built by 2062.
The skyscraper is the idea of Arconic，a materials science company based in New York，as part of its larger campaign called“The Jetsons”—a homage(致敬) to the 1962 cartoon，set in 2062.Arconic has imagined the skyscraper created using materials that are either in-development or have already been brought to market，including smog-eating surfaces and retractable(可伸缩的) balconies.
Sherri McCleary，one of Arconic’s chief materials scientists，says one of the most exciting and immediate projects is EcoClean，a special coating that helps buildings self-clean and purify the surrounding air.It was first released in 2011 and offers a number of benefits over traditional glass windows.The functional coating provides beauty and a benefit to the surrounding environment by reducing the content of pollutants around it.
EcoClean uses a mix of chemicals，which use both light and water vapour(蒸汽) to produce atoms known as free radicals.These free radicals draw in pollutants in the air，breaking them down before they fall off the side of the building.
Another innovation(创新) is in the windows themselves，which Arconic also hopes could be a part of the three-mile-high tower.The new design is called Bloomframe.Essentially，it’s a motorized window that changes into an all-glass balcony in under a minute.The firm has already showcased the Bloomframe technology at several trade shows，and hopes it will become available to buy in the near future.
Fitting in with“The Jetsons” theme，the firm is also working on flying cars，featuring ultra-lightweight car bodies and airplane wings.In the meantime，it continues working to push the limits of what modern-day skyscrapers can look like and do.Thanks to 3D printing，McCleary says many structures that aren’t currently feasible(可行的)could withstand high winds and unique climates.“We’re looking at improving materials that can be 3D-printed to give more and more options to designers and architects，”she says.
【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。按美国材料科学公司Arconic的设想，到2062年，人类就可以利用3D打印技术制造出能抗霾、净化空气的超级摩天大楼。
5.What can we learn about the skyscraper?
A.It is now in development.
B.It has many futuristic features.
C.It was first put forward in 1962.
D.It will be the tallest building in 2062.
答案　B　[推理判断题。根据第二段中的including smog-eating surfaces and retractable balconies可知，Arconic公司提出的是未来主义摩天大楼的概念。]
6.What is EcoClean supposed to achieve?
A.A tidier coating.
B.A quieter environment.
C.A cleaner building surrounded by cleaner air.
D.A more beautiful view through glass windows.
答案　C　[细节理解题。根据第三段中的EcoClean，a special coating...purify the surrounding air可知，EcoClean是一种能帮助建筑物自我清洁并净化周围空气的特殊涂料。]
7.What does Paragraph 4 mainly talk about?
A.How EcoClean works.
B.How we can avoid pollution.
C.What free radicals are.
D.Where EcoClean comes from.
答案　A　[段落大意题。第四段具体介绍了EcoClean借助于光和水汽发挥作用，因此该段主要说明其工作原理。]
8.What is McCleary’s attitude towards the skyscraper?
A.Cautious. B.Disapproving.
C.Optimistic. D.Doubtful.
答案　C　[推理判断题。McCleary在最后一段中谈到：我们正在考虑优化各种可以被3D打印的材料，从而为设计师和建筑师提供越来越多的选择。由此可知，她对摩天大楼的建设很乐观。]
Ⅱ.完形填空
On my way back home I was stopped at traffic lights by some people who asked for help.A woman—in her attempt to give __1__ to an ambulance—had driven her car over stony obstacles that separated the bike line from the street, and, as a result, had gotten her car __2__.She couldn’t move the car in any __3__ without damaging it.A couple of people tried to __4__ the car back but the obstacles were too high.Seeing that they couldn’t do much about it, they left.The woman in the car tried to __5__ some service, and was told that it would take about 45 minutes for someone to get there.
While watching the other people __6__.I realized the woman would be on her own and I imagined how __7__ that would be if I were in her shoes.After some talking, she __8__ me to sit inside her car.
I wasn’t in a hurry, so I __9__ my family that I would be later and then tried to __10__ the woman who seemed to feel stressed about causing others __11__.But actually it wasn’t too much trouble __12__ they could still pass, and also there wasn’t anything she could do about it __13__.We laughed and __14__ that all we needed was some tea for our picnic.
Finally __15__ came and helped her back on the street.She __16__ me and asked for my phone number so she could return the __17__， but I told her it was okay.She seemed to feel much __18__ when we said our goodbyes.I believe that not having to face a difficult situation __19__ can make a lot of __20__.
【语篇解读】　该文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者安慰并帮助一位在马路上因为给救护车让行而陷入困境的女士的故事。
1.A.signal B.way
C.time D.help
答案　B　[一位女士试图给一辆救护车让行。give way to...“让行”，为固定搭配。故选B。]
2.A.stuck B.broken
C.dirty D.abandoned
答案　A　[根据下文“She couldn’t move the car”可推知，因为给救护车让行，这位女士的车卡(stuck)在那里不能动弹。]
3.A.sense B.minute
C.direction D.line
答案　C　[在不损坏车的情况下，无论往哪个方向(direction)都无法移动。]
4.A.lift B.hold
C.pull D.drive
答案　A　[根据上文“She couldn’t move the car”以及下文“but the obstacles were too high”可推知，车子卡在那里，障碍物太高，不能被抬(lift)回来。]
5.A.offer B.seek
C.refuse D.take
答案　B　[那位女士在车里试图寻求(seek)一些服务。]
6.A.shout B.discuss
C.stand D.leave
答案　D　[根据上文中的“Seeing that they couldn’t do much about it，they left”可知，当时其他人因为帮不了什么忙，都走开(leave)了。]
7.A.amazing B.pleasant
C.uneasy D.incredible
答案　C　[根据上文可知，那位女士的车被卡在障碍物上，其他人又帮不上忙，作者将心比心，觉得此情此景，那位女士一定不舒服(uneasy)，与下文“the woman who seemed to feel stressed about causing others __11__”呼应。]
8.A.forced B.invited
C.ordered D.allowed
答案　B　[根据语境可推知，那位女士邀请(invited)作者坐进她的车里。]
9.A.consulted B.warned
C.advised D.informed
答案　D　[根据语境及下文“I would be later”可推知，作者是知会(informed)家人一些情况。]
10.A.persuade B.comfort
C.frighten D.satisfy
答案　B　[根据空后的“the woman who seemed to feel stressed about causing others __11__”可推知，那位女士似乎感到焦虑不安，作者试图宽慰(comfort)她，这与下文“We laughed and __14__ that all we needed was some tea for our picnic”呼应。]
11.A.trouble B.disbelief
C.anxiety D.embarrassment
答案　A　[根据下文中的“But actually it wasn’t too much trouble __12__ they could still pass”可推知，那位女士认为给他人带来麻烦(trouble)而感到焦虑不安。]
12.A.though B.until
C.since D.unless
答案　C　[根据语境可推知，此处前后内容表示逻辑上的因果关系。故since“因为”符合语境。]
13.A.anyway B.therefore
C.still D.somehow
答案　A　[根据上文“She couldn’t move the car in any __3__ without damaging it”可推知，无论如何(anyway)，那位女士对当时那种情况也是无能为力的。]
14.A.remembered B.realized
C.thought D.joked
答案　D　[由空前的“We laughed”可推知，作者和那位女士当时都笑了，并且开着玩笑(joked)。]
15.A.news B.my partner
C.assistance D.an ambulance
答案　C　[根据空后的“helped her back on the street”可推知，最终援助(assistance)到了，帮那位女士回到了路上。]
16.A.greeted B.thanked
C.accepted D.attracted
答案　B　[根据语境可知，作者去安慰那位受困的女士，那位女士在最终解困后应是感谢(thanked)作者。]
17.A.car B.company
C.favor D.picnic
答案　C　[根据语境可推知，那位女士想要作者的电话号码，以回报作者的帮助(favor)。]
18.A.nervous B.unwilling
C.disappointed D.better
答案　D　[根据语境可知，那位女士从困境中解脱出来，感觉比之前好了许多。故D项符合语境。]
19.A.alone B.bravely
C.bitterly D.directly
答案　A　[根据上文可知，由于作者的帮助和安慰，那位女士最终心情变得好了许多，由此可推知，她当时不是独自(alone)面对困境。]
20.A.decision B.fortune
C.choice D.difference
答案　D　[作者认为不用独自面对困境可以产生很大影响(difference)。]

Ⅰ.语法填空
Etiquette (礼仪) to society is 1.________ clothing is to the individual.Without clothes men would go in shameful nudity which would 2.________ (certain) lead to the corruption of morals；and without etiquette society would be in a pitiable state and the necessary 3.________ (communicate) between its members would be disturbed by needless offences and troubles.
If society moved like a train，the etiquette would be the 4.________ (track)，along which only the train could go forth; if society 5.________ (be) a state coach，the etiquette would be the wheels，on which only the coach could roll forward.
The lack of etiquette would make 6.________ best friends turn to be the most decided enemies and the 7.________ (friend) countries declare war against each other.We can find many examples in the history of mankind.Therefore I 8.________ (advice) you to stand on ceremony before anyone else and to take pains not 9.________ (do) anything against etiquette 10.________ case you give offences or make enemies.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇议论文。文章主要谈论了礼仪的重要性。
1.what　[固定句型A to B is what C is to D意为“A对于B就像C对于D”，此处连接代词what用来比较说明两种事物相同或相似的关系，起比喻作用，意为“正好，好比，像……一样”。]
2.certainly　[修饰动词短语lead to作状语应该用副词certainly。 ]
3.communication　[形容词necessary修饰名词，communicate的名词形式为communication。]
4.tracks　[track意为“轨道”，根据常识可知，一辆火车可能经过很多条轨道。所以此处应用复数形式。故填tracks。]
5.were　[根据语境可知，假定社会是一辆贵宾车，礼仪就好比轮子与轴，马车只有靠它们才能向前滚动。根据语境以及主句中的谓语动词would be可知，if引导的条件句是与现在事实相反的虚拟，所以谓语动词应用一般过去时，be动词一律用were。]
6.the　[形容词最高级前通常用定冠词the。]
7.friendly　[名词countries前应用形容词修饰，friend的形容词形式为friendly。]
8.advise　[主语I后面应用动词作谓语，advice的动词形式为advise；根据上下文可知，此处应用一般现在时。故填advise。]
9.to do　[take pains to do sth意为“努力做某事”，是固定搭配。]
10.in　[in case意为“以防，万一”，是固定搭配。]
Ⅱ.短文改错
(2019·烟台二模)There was an art festival in our school last weekend.A majority of students take an active part in it.I was so excited，for it was first time for me to join in such a festival.
Early in the morning，there were such many people coming to our school，make the art festival so lively.We gave a warmly welcome to the guests.I walked around and appreciated the painting.All the works were from the students and I was so impressing by them.There were also some handcrafts，which was so creative.Though we were busy with our studies most of the time，but some students still managed to developing their hobbies.I should learn from them and develop a hobby as well.
答案　
There was an art festival in our school last weekend.A majority of students an active part in it.I was so excited，for it was first time for me to join in such a festival.
Early in the morning，there were many people coming to our school， the art festival so lively.We gave a welcome to the guests.I walked around and appreciated the .All the works were from the students and I was so by them.There were also some handcrafts，which so creative.Though we were busy with our studies most of the time， some students still managed to their hobbies.I should learn from them and develop a hobby as well.
Ⅲ.书面表达
假定你是李华，你校将迎接英国学生代表团，作为学校书法团部长，请你写一篇发言稿，要点如下：
1.介绍书法用具；
2.阐述书法学习的好处；
3.邀请英国同学参与。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.开头已为你写好。
参考词汇：书法calligraphy　文房四宝the Four Treasures of the Study (writing brush，ink stick，paper，ink slab)
Dear friends，
We’d like to share our culture with you by introducing you to the art of Chinese calligraphy.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
【参考范文】
Dear__friends，
We’d__like__to__share__our__culture__with__you__by__introducing__you__to__the__art__of__Chinese__calligraphy.
As you can see，all the Chinese characters hanging here are written with the Four Treasures of the study—writing brush，ink stick，paper and ink slab，which enjoy a long history and a good reputation as well.
For Chinese，calligraphy serves the purpose of conveying thoughts and showing the beauty of the lines.Not only is it a practical technique for writing Chinese characters，but also a unique art which can help purify our souls.
Afterwards，we’ll break into groups so that you can join us.I promise you can feel the beauty and power of Chinese calligraphy.Please enjoy yourselves!
Thank you!