2020版新一线高考英语（人教版）一轮复习教学案：第1部分必修5Unit1Greatscientists



Unit 1　Great scientists

[单词　拼写应用]
核心单词
1．defeat vt.打败；战胜；使受挫 n．失败
2．expert adj.熟练的；经验或知识丰富的
n．专家；行家
3．attend vt.照顾；护理；出席；参加
4．absorb vt.吸收；吸引；使专心
5．blame vt.责备；谴责
n．过失；责备
6．link vt.& n．连接；联系
7．positive adj.积极的；肯定的；确实的
8．enthusiastic adj.热情的；热心的
9．foresee vt.预见；预知
10．handle n．柄；把手
vt.处理；操纵
11．cure n．治愈；痊愈
vt.治愈；治疗
12．suspect vt.认为；怀疑
n．被怀疑者；嫌疑犯
[语境运用]　用所给词的适当形式填空。
1．Absorbed(absorb) in painting，John didn't notice evening approaching.
2．Not knowing what was wrong with his car，Martin decided to send for an experienced man to_handle(handle) the problem.
3．Blamed (blame) for the breakdown of the school computer network，Alice was in low spirits.
4．Our football team won the championship by defeating(defeat) all the other teams.
5．When linked (link) to the subway，the city will be easy to get access to.
6．Suspecting (suspect) the traveler of carrying drugs，the Customs official stopped him and let him open his suitcase，but found nothing at all.
7．Few analysts foresaw ( foresee) that oil prices would rise so quickly.
8．Knowing that you show great interest in Chinese culture，I'd like to invite you to_attend( attend)the exhibition with me.
拓展单词
1．challenge n．挑战 vt.向……挑战→challenging adj.挑战性的
2．cautious adj.小心的；谨慎的→caution n．小心；警告
3．pollute vt.污染；弄脏→pollution n．污染
4．instruct vt.命令；指示；教导→instruction n．说明；传授→instructions (pl.)用法说明；指示；命令
5．conclude vt.& vi.结束；推断出→conclusion n．结论；结束
6．contribute vt.& vi.捐献；贡献；捐助→contribution n．贡献
7．reject vt.拒绝；不接受；抛弃→rejection n．拒绝；抛弃
8．science n．科学→scientific adj.科学的→scientist n．科学家
9．announce vt.宣布；通告→announcement n．通知；宣告→announcer n．播音员；宣告者
10．construct vt.建设；修建→construction n．建设；建筑物
11．responsible adj.有责任的；负责的→responsibility n．责任；负责
12．paint v．绘画；涂→painter n．画家；油漆匠→painting n．油画；水彩画
13．universe n．宇宙；世界→universal adj.普遍的；宇宙的→universally adv.普遍地
[语境运用]　用所给词的适当形式填空。
1．The doctor instructed the patient to take medicine by the instructions．(instruct)
2．The workers are_constructing the bridge damaged by the flood，and the bridge under construction connects the road with the town.(construct)
3．It was concluded that he didn't tell us the truth.I came to the conclusion that he was lying.(conclude)
4．She has_contributed a lot of money to the school and she has made a great contribution to education.(contribute)
5．I want to be a scientist to discover a scientific breakthrough to save people's lives.(science)
6．We'll be responsible for your safety and you need to take responsibility for your actions.(responsible)
7．I was bored with my job and felt I needed a new challenge．Last week I got a new job in a big firm，and I found it very challenging．( challenge)
阅读词汇
1．characteristic n．特征；特性
2．analyse vt.分析
3．physician n．医生；内科医师
4．victim n．受害者
5．enquiry n．询问
6．neighbourhood n．附近；邻近
7．pump n．泵；抽水机
vt.(用泵)抽(水)
8．firework n．烟火(燃放)
9．chart n．图表
10．backward adv.& adj.向后地(的)；相反地(的)；退步地(的)
11．radium n．镭
12．outbreak n．爆发；发作(尤指疾病或战争)
拓展联想
1.后缀­sion构成的抽象名词集锦
①conclusion结论；结束
②confusion 混乱
③expression 词语；表达方式
④revision 修正；复习
⑤permission 允许
⑥profession 职业；专业
2.“观点；态度”的高频形容词
①positive积极的
②negative 消极的
③subjective 主观的
④objective 客观的
⑤doubtful 怀疑的
⑥critical 批评的
3.名词用作动词的高频词汇聚焦
①handle n．把手→vt.处理
②nurse n．护士→vt.护理
③face n．脸→vt.面对
④bridge n．桥→vt.沟通
⑤drink n．饮料→vt.喝；饮
⑥bike n．自行车→vi.骑自行车
熟词生义
你知道下面句子中黑体词的汉语意思吗？
1．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)His office is located at the Xiangshan campus of the university in Hangzhou，Zhejiang Province.Many buildings on the campus are his original creations. 作品；创作
2．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)On every single move you have to analyze a situation，process what your opponent is doing and evaluate the best move from among all your options.(棋子的)移动；走棋
3．(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)His constructions filled a shelf in the art classroom and a good part of his bedroom at home. 制成物；作品

[短语　多维应用]
高
频
短
语
1.put_forward 提出
2．draw_a_conclusion 得出结论
3．expose_...to 使显露；暴露
4．link...to... 将……和……联系或连接起来
5．apart_from 除……之外；此外
[语境运用]　选用左边短语的适当形式填空。
From some cases，we ①drew_a_conclusion that we should close the window and lock the door in time.②Apart_from it，we also ③put_forward several suggestions，one of which was that you should not ④expose this information ⑤to anyone when out.These suggestions would certainly cure us of the bad habits so that we could prevent such cases happening again.
高
频
短
语
6.be_enthusiastic_about 热衷于；对……充满热情
7．make_sense 讲得通；有意义
8．(be)_strict_with... 对……严格的
9．contribute_to 有助于；捐献；导致
10．be_to_blame 应受责备
11．look_into 调查
[语境运用]　选用左边短语的适当形式填空。
As an astronomer，I ⑥am_enthusiastic_about your new theory about the solar system.The following reason ⑦contributed_to my suggestion.The present theory doesn't ⑧make_sense，for we cannot conclude it that the earth is the centre of the universe.So I sincerely hope you can publish your new theory.

拓
展
联
想
1.“动词＋...＋to”短语荟萃
①expose ...to使显露；暴露
②add ...to 增添；增加
③compare ...to 把……比作
④devote ...to 把……用于
⑤supply ...to 为……提供
2．由link ...to ...联想到的
①connect ...with ...把……和……连接起来
②tie ...to ...把……拴到……
③mix ...with ...把……和……混合起来
④combine ...with ...把……和……结合起来
⑤attach ...to ...把……系到/缚到……
[句式　结构仿写]
教材原句背诵
句式仿写应用
1.neither...nor...既不……也不……。
Neither its cause nor its cure was understood.
这种现象既不是很好也不是很差；它就是现实中的大学生活。
This phenomenon is neither_good_nor_bad；it is a fact of college life.
2.every time引导时间状语从句。
So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.
每当我听到这首歌，它就使我想起与祖母在一起的幸福时光。
Every_time_I_hear_the_song，it makes me think of the happy days when I was with Granny.
3.suggest后跟从句用虚拟语气。
To prevent this from happening again，John Snow suggested that the source of all the water supplies be examined.
(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)一些同学建议我们去附近的名胜古迹。
Some classmates suggest we should_go_to_places_of_interest nearby.
4.only＋状语从句位于句首时主句须倒装。
Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.
只有当你找到内心的安宁的时候，你才会与他人保持良好的关系。
Only when you can find peace in your heart will_you_keep_good_relationships with others.

精讲5个考纲单词
1．conclude vt.& vi.推断出；结束；达成
(1)单句语法填空
①He concluded from their remarks that they were not in favour of the plan.
②I've come to the conclusion(conclude) that he's not the right person for the job.
③In conclusion，walking is a cheap，safe，enjoyable and readily available form of exercise.
(2)[链接写作]——一句多译
我从我自己的经历中得出结论：患难见真情。
①I drew_the_conclusion_from_my_own_experiences_that a friend in need is a friend indeed.(conclusion)
②I concluded_from_my_own_experiences_that a friend in need is a friend indeed.(conclude)
先理解再牢记
(1)conclude
conclude sth. 以……结束……
to conclude 最后
(2)come to/reach/draw a conclusion 得出结论
in conclusion 总而言之
[佳句背诵]　He concluded his speech with a famous saying：Where there is a will，there is a way.
2.attend vt.出席；参加；照顾；护理 vi.专心；留意
(1)单句语法填空
①When I got there，he was attending(attend) a wedding party.
②As a daughter，I feel it is my duty to attend on my sick mother.
③As far as I know，the patients are well attended (attend) in the hospital.
(2)[链接写作]——一句多译
因为我有重要的事情要处理，今晚我不能与你一起外出。
①I can't go out with you tonight because I have an important thing to deal_with．
②I can't go out with you tonight because I have an urgent thing to attend_to．
先理解再牢记
(1)attend a meeting/a lecture/a wedding/class参加会议/听讲座/参加婚礼/上课
(2)attend (on/upon) sb.伺候某人；照顾某人
attend to 处理；倾听；专心于；照顾
[联想发散]　“照顾某人”表达荟萃：attend (on ) sb.；look after sb.；take care of sb.；watch over sb.。
3.expose vt.暴露；揭露；使曝光；使面临
(1)单句语法填空
①Some people think we shouldn't expose the children to playing (play) computer games.
②Being_exposed (expose) to strong sunlight will do harm to your skin.
(2)[链接写作]——句式升级
(普通表达)Children are exposed to difficult situations.They are better at handling challenging situations.
(高级表达)Exposed_to_difficult_situations，children are better at handling challenging situations.(分词作状语)
先理解再牢记
(1)expose...to使……接触，使……体验
be exposed to 暴露于……；处于……危险中
(2)expose sth.to sb.向某人揭发某事
[名师点津]　及物动词expose后若无宾语，则常常使用它的被动形式；在expose ...to ...以及be exposed to结构中，to为介词，其后要用名词、代词或动名词作宾语。
4.absorb vt.吸收；吸引；使专心；吞并；理解；掌握
(1)写出下列句中absorb的含义
①Most little shops have been absorbed into big businesses due to the influence of the global financial crisis.吞并
②After absorbing enough water，the plants grow well.吸收
③I keep the lesson simple because the students can't absorb that much.理解
(2)[链接写作]——句式升级
(普通表达)Tom was so absorbed in his work that he forgot to inform her of it.
①(高级表达)So_absorbed_was_Tom_in_his_work that he forgot to inform her of it.(用so...that...的倒装句)
②(高级表达)Absorbed_in_his_work，Tom forgot to inform her of it.(分词作状语)
先理解再牢记
(1)absorb one's attention吸引某人的注意
absorb...into...把……吸收进……
(2)absorbed adj.全神贯注的
(be)absorbed in...全神贯注于……
[联想发散]　be absorbed in (doing) sth.结构在句中作状语、定语时，常用其过去分词形式absorbed in...。类似的结构还有：
①be lost in...陷入……；专心致志于……
②be caught in...被困在……
③be buried in...埋头于……
④be devoted to...致力于……；专心于……
⑤be occupied in...忙于……
⑥be involved in...专注于……
5.blame vt.责备；谴责；把……归咎于 n．过失；责备
(1)单句语法填空
①She blamed her husband for the failure of their marriage.
②She blamed the failure of their marriage on her husband.
(2)[链接写作]——一句多译
诚实地说，李华应该为这次冲突负责。
①To be honest，Li Hua is_to_blame_for the conflict.(blame vi.)
②Honestly speaking，Li Hua should_take_the_blame_for the conflict.(blame n．)
先理解再牢记
(1)blame sb.for sth.因某事而责备某人
blame sth.on sb.把某事归咎于某人身上
be to blame (for...) 应承担责任；该受责备
(2)take/bear the blame for...
＝be responsible for...对……负责
[名师点津]　be to blame 不能用于被动语态，该短语主动语态表被动含义。
诠释2个核心短语
1．put forward提出(建议)；推荐；将……提前；将(钟表等)向前拨
(1)写出下列句中put forward的含义
①The manager put forward a suggestion that we should have an assistant.There is too much work to do.提出
②I think he is fit for the position；therefore，I'll put him forward as a candidate.推荐
③They have put forward the date of their wedding by one week.
将……提前
(2)[链接写作]——一句多译
在会议上他提出了解决这个难题的一个好主意。
①He came_up_with_a_good_idea to solve the difficult problem at the meeting.
②He put_forward_a_good_idea to solve the difficult problem at the meeting.
先理解再牢记
put aside储蓄；储存；留出；把……放在一边
put away 将……收起，放回原处；积蓄
put off 延期；推迟
put up 举起；张贴；建立；提供食宿
put up with容忍；忍受
[佳句背诵]　Encourage children to put aside some of their pocket money to buy Christmas presents.
2.make sense有意义；有道理；讲得通
(1)单句语法填空
①As far as I'm concerned，there is no sense in getting(get) upset about it now.
②In a sense，he is to blame for the accident.
(2)[链接写作]——词汇升级
(普通表达)There are so many new words in the passage that I could hardly understand them at all.
(高级表达)There are so many new words in the passage that I could hardly make_sense_of them at all.
先理解再牢记
(1)make sense of理解；明白
make no sense 没道理；没意义
(2)in a sense 在某一方面；就某种意义来说
in no sense 决不(位于句首时用部分倒装)
(3)there is no/little sense in doing sth.做某事没道理
突破2个高考句型
1．(教材P2)Neither its cause nor its cure was understood.人们既不知道其起因，也不知道它的治疗方法。
[要点提炼]　neither...nor...既不……也不……。
(1)单句语法填空/单句改错
①I neither knew nor cared what had happened to him.
②Not only John and Tom but also their sister，Mary，takes (take) great interest in the piano lessons now.
③Either you or one of your students are to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow.are→is
(2)[链接写作]——句式升级
(普通表达)The teacher is not content with the result.The students are not content with the result.
(高级表达)Neither_the_teacher_nor_the_students_are_ content with the result.
先理解再牢记
(1)neither...nor...既不…也不……，连接句中两个相同的句子成分。连接主语时，谓语动词遵循“就近一致”原则。
(2)遵循“就近原则”的其他并列连词还有：either...or...不是……就是……；not only...but also...不仅……而且……；not...but...不是……而是……等。
2.(教材P2)So many thousands of terrified people died every_time there was an outbreak.
每次暴发霍乱时，都有大批惊恐的老百姓病死。
[要点提炼]　every time引导时间状语从句，表示“每当……时”。
(1)单句改错
①The next time when you feel the urge to spread latest news，think about why you want to gossip.去掉when
②They rushed out on the moment they heard the shout for help.去掉on
(2)[链接写作]——完成句子
①Every_time_he_arrived_home(每次他到家) at the end of the day，we'd greet him at the door.
②Next_time_you_come_to_Beijing(下次你来北京)，be sure to let me know in advance.
先理解再牢记
(1)名词词组作连词用而且能引导时间状语从句的还有：
each time每当……时候
next time下次……时
the＋序数词＋time第……次
the＋瞬间名词(moment/minute/instant)一……就……
(2)on/upon＋n./doing sth.一……就……


Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．We were shocked by the announcement (announce) that the amusement park would be closed.
2．We will have to adopt a more scientific ( science) approach to preserving the traditional customs.
3．Mark is a cautious (caution) shopper who always does some careful research on the market before he buys something valuable.
4．Mary was_rejected (reject) by the university she applied to last year.
5．Apart from its low price，the advantage of this car lies in its good quality.
6．When he came back three hours later，they were still sitting on the sofa，absorbed(absorb) in conversation.
7．Because of the severe pollution(pollute)，the water in the river is too dirty to drink.
8．Children，when exposed(expose) to an English­speaking atmosphere，will pick up the language much more easily.
9．Finding a solution to this problem is one of the greatest challenges(challenge) faced by scientists today.
10．Generally speaking，parents like the teachers who are strict with their children.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．Doctors say there are various possible cures of the disease.of→for
2．I felt nervous for the first time I spoke in public.去掉for
3．The park is very attractive that many visitors come to visit it every year.very→so
4．It doesn't make a sense for parents to give children whatever they want.去掉a
5．The plan was put forward at yesterday's meeting，in my opinion，is quite practical.去掉was

Ⅰ.课文语法填空
根据P2－3课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
John Snow was a famous doctor in London，who was so expert that he 1.attended(attend) Queen Victoria as her personal physician.But he was famous for 2.defeating(defeat)“King Cholera”．
Cholera was a deadly disease and neither its cause nor its cure 3.was_understood(understand)．John Snow wanted to face the challenge 4.and solve the problem.He suspected that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals.So when another severe outbreak hit London，he began his enquiry.He found that many victims 5.linked(link) to the cholera outbreak were near the water pump，so he had the handle removed.Soon afterwards the disease slowed down.He drew 6.a conclusion that the polluted water was 7.to_blame(blame)．
The water 8.companies(company) were instructed not to expose people 9.to polluted water any more.10.Finally(final)“King Cholera” was defeated.
Ⅱ.写作改错双练
根据提示利用本单元所学知识完成下面的小作文，并改正学生习作。
1．众所周知，科学家对世界做出了巨大贡献。(contribution)
2．就我个人而言，科学家是那些对工作严格要求、专心于科学事业的人。(strict；be absorbed in)
3．他们对他们得出的结论非常谨慎。(be cautious about；conclusion)
4．他们通过反复做实验来检验他们提出的理论。(put forward)
5．他们铭记如果理论不以事实为基础就没有任何意义。(be based on；make no sense)
第一步：练写作
用适当的连接词将上述句子连成一篇短文。
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
第二步：练改错
下面是李明针对本文的习作，其中有5处语法错误，请你帮他纠正过来。
As is known to us，scientists have made great contribution to the world.As far as I'm concerned，scientists are strict with their work and absorbing in scientific research.They are very cautious about every conclusion they draw.They do experiments again and again test the theory they put forward.They keep it in mind that a theory make no sense if it isn't based on facts.
【答案】　
As is known to us，scientists have made great to the world.As far as I'm concerned，scientists are strict their work and in scientific research.They are very cautious about every conclusion they draw.They do experiments again and again test the theory they put forward.They keep it in mind that a theory no sense if it isn't based on facts.