2020版新一线高考英语（新题型人教版）一轮复习教学案：第1部分必修1Unit5 NelsonMandela—amodernhero
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Unit 5 Nelson Mandela—a modern hero
[单词 拼写应用]
核心单词
1．quality n．质量；品质；性质
2．beg vi.请求；乞求
3．stage n．舞台；阶段；时期
4．opinion n．意见；看法；主张
5．reward n．报酬；奖金
vt.酬劳；奖赏
6．found vt.建立；建设
7．attack vt.进攻；攻击；抨击
8．escape vi.& vt.逃脱；逃走；避开
9．vote vt.& vi.投票；选举
n．投票；选票；表决
10．generous adj.慷慨的；大方的
[语境运用] 用所给词的适当形式填空。
1．Tsinghua University，founded (found) in 1911，is one of the best universities in China.
2．They managed to escape (escape) from the burning building by breaking down the door.
3．We may have different opinions (opinion) in organizing class activities.
4．Only when you are eighteen can you have the right to vote (vote) in China.
5．It shocked her to hear that her good friend was attacked (attack) with cancer.
6．The children are at different stages(stage) of development.
拓展单词
1．active adj.积极的；活跃的→actively adv.积极地；活跃地→activity n．活动
2．devote vt. (与to连用) 献身；专心于→devoted adj.忠实的；深爱的→devotion n．关爱；献身；奉献；忠诚
3．peace n．和平；平静；和睦→peaceful adj.和平的；平静的；安宁的→peacefully adv.和平地
4．guide vt.带领；引导 n．向导→guidance n．指导；领导
5．legal adj.法律的；依照法律的→illegal adj.(反义词) 非法的；违法的
6．hope vt.希望→hopeful adj.怀有希望的；有希望的→hopeless adj.没有希望的
7．violence n．暴力；暴行→violent adj.暴力的；猛烈的→violently adv.暴力地；猛烈地
8．equal adj.相等的；平等的→equality n．平等；相等→equally adv.同样地；相等地；公平地
9．fair adj.公正的；公平的→unfair adj.不公正的；不公平的
10．educate vt.教育；训练→educated adj.受过教育的；有教养的→education n．教育→educator n．教育工作者；教育家
11．cruel adj.残忍的→cruelty n．残忍；残酷
12．willing adj.乐意的；自愿的→unwilling adj.(反义词)不情愿的；不乐意的→willingly adv.自愿地
[语境运用] 用所给词的适当形式填空。
1．The old teacher devoted all his life to educating his devoted students and he was admired for his devotion to the education cause.(devote)
2．All men are born equal，so everyone hopes to be treated equally because equality is the basic demand.(equal)
3．He got a little education because of poverty，so he always educates his children to value the chance of study.(educate)
4．As far as I'm concerned，too much violence on television does serious harm to children's character.What's worse，violence on TV makes people behave violently.(violent)
5．Everyone likes to live in peace，but it seems that the world is always not peaceful.(peace)
6．I was once hopeless about my lessons，but I hoped for progress，so I hopefully asked my teacher for help.It was his encouragement and instruction that made me improve greatly and now I'm hopeful about my future.(hope)
7．Please actively take part in afterclass activities，which will not only make your school life colorful，but also improve your learning.(active)
阅读词汇
1．mean adj. 吝啬的；自私的；卑鄙的
2．principle n． 法则；原则；原理
3．league n． 同盟；联盟；联合会
4．relative n． 亲戚；亲属
5．terror n． 恐怖；可怕的人；恐怖时期；恐怖活动
6．sentence vt. 判决；宣判
7．easygoing adj .随和的；温和宽容的
8．mankind n． 人类
9．fee n． 费(会费、学费等)；酬金
10．republic n． 共和国；共和政体
拓展联想
1.表示“人物特点”的形容词全扫描
①generous慷慨的
②mean 吝啬的
③devoted 忠实的
④easygoing 随和的
⑤warmhearted 热心肠的
⑥active 积极的
⑦energetic 有活力的
⑧enthusiastic 充满热情的
2．“n.＋ful→adj.”荟萃
①peace→peaceful和平的
②pain→painful 痛苦的
③harm→harmful 有害的
④power→powerful 强大的
⑤meaning→meaningful 有意义的
⑥cheer→cheerful 欢乐的
熟词生义
你知道下面句子中黑体词的汉语意思吗？
1．Ice sheets are broad glaciers that blanket whole regions，covering plains，plateaus，and mountains with ice that may reach thickness of 5,000 feet or more. 覆盖
2．I have just come across a man who used to be my colleague when I worked in a computer company，but his name escapes me for the moment. 被忘掉；被忽视
3．Morton used a series of indepth interviews with media analysts to relate a story of two young people struggling to lead ordinary lives. 讲述
[短语 多维应用]
高频短语
1．out of work失业
2．in trouble 在危险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑等的处境中
3．turn to 求助于；致力于
4．lose heart 丧失勇气或信心
5．come to power 当权；上台
6．as a matter of fact 事实上
[语境运用] 选用上边短语的适当形式填空。
The situation has become worse and worse since the new government ①came to power.I am ②out of work and feel at a loss.I will ③turn to my friend Mary for advice tomorrow，who always encourages me not to ④lose heart.She told me I should be hopeful about the future when I am ⑤in trouble.
7．blow up使充气；爆炸
8．set up 设立；建立
9．be sentenced to 被判处……(徒刑)
10．be willing to do 愿意做……
11．be in prison 坐牢
12．in one's opinion/view 在某人看来
13．fight for 为……而战
[语境运用] 选用上边短语的适当形式填空。
Nelson Mandela devoted all his life to realizing the dream that people with different colors should be equal.He ⑥set up a law office to offer guidance to poor black people on their legal problems.One day，one of his supporters helped him ⑦blow up the government buildings to ⑧fight for their rights.Unfortunately，he ⑨was sentenced to prison for life on Robben Island until 1990.
拓展联想
1.“in＋n.”短语面面观
①in trouble在困境中
②in danger处于危险中
③in return 作为回报
④in detail 详细地
⑤in order 井然有序
⑥in place 在适当的位置
⑦in vain 徒劳地
⑧in peace 平静地
2．“动词＋to”短语荟萃
①turn to求助于；致力于
②object to反对
③refer to 谈到；涉及；参阅
④belong to 属于
⑤stick to 坚持；忠于
⑥come to 共计
⑦see to 处理，料理
[句式 结构仿写]
教材原句背诵
句式仿写应用
1.this is/was a time when...这是一个……的时期。
However，this was a time when one had got to have a passbook to live in Johannesburg.
这是一个我们中国人既有许多挑战又有机遇的时期。
This is a time when we Chinese have both a great many challenges and opportunities.
2.where引导定语从句修饰stage。
The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress，until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all.
我们到了这样一个阶段：为了挽救我们自己我们必须采取有效措施来保护环境。
We have reached a stage where we must take effective measures to protect the environment so as to save ourselves.
3.only修饰状语放在句首，句子用部分倒装。
...only then did we decide to answer violence with violence.
(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)只有通过多练习剪纸，你才能掌握这门民间艺术。
Only by practising papercutting more can you learn the folk art.
4.the first time引导时间状语从句。
I felt bad the first time I talked to a group.
第一次比赛失败，我们都感到很沮丧。
The first time we lost the match，we all felt very depressed.
精讲4个考纲单词
1．devote vt.献身；专心于
(1)单句语法填空
①Once married, she will devote her whole life to looking after children and being a fulltime homemaker.
②You will never gain success unless you are fully devoted(devote) to your work.
③From my first job at the restaurant, I learned teamwork and devotion(devote)．
(2)[链接写作]——句式升级
(普通表达)The young lady devotes herself to teaching the deaf children, so she has little time to care for her own daughter.
①(高级表达)Devoting herself to teaching the deaf children, the young lady has little time to care for her own daughter.(现在分词短语作状语)
②(高级表达)Devoted to teaching the deaf children, the young lady has little time to care for her own daughter.(过去分词短语作状语)
先理解再牢记
(1)devote...to...把……奉献给……；专注于……
devote oneself to致力于；献身于
(2)devoted adj.忠实的；深爱的
be devoted to专心于；致力于
(3)devotion n．关爱；奉献
[佳句背诵] He devoted all his spare time to helping his students with their English.
[联想发散] 以下短语中to是介词，不是不定式符号，后接动词时应用动名词形式。
①look forward to doing sth.盼望做某事
②object to doing sth.反对做某事
③get down to doing sth.开始做某事
④be/get used/accustomed to doing sth.习惯于做某事
2.equal v．等于；抵得上 adj.相等的；胜任的；平等的 n．同等的人；相等物
(1)单句语法填空
①I don't think he is equal to doing(do) this kind of work, so I can't hire him.
②(2016·北京卷)Learning to deal with the social world is equally (equal) important.
(2)[链接写作]——一句多译
尽管他年轻，但是约翰却能胜任这项重要的任务。
①Young as he was, John was equal to the important task.(equal)
②Although he was young, John was fit for the important task.(fit)
③Young as he was, John was qualified for the important task.(qualified)
先理解再牢记
(1)be equal to sth./doing sth.等于/胜任做某事
A equals B in...A在……方面比得
上B/与B相匹敌
without equal无与伦比
(2)equality n．平等
equally adv.相等地；同等地；均等地；同样地
[佳句背诵] They attach great importance to equality and believe that all work is of equal value.
[联想发散] 表示“胜任……”的其他常见表达：be up to；be fit for；be qualified for等。
3.escape vi.& vt.逃脱；逃走；避开 n．逃跑；逃走
(1)单句语法填空
①He was crossing the street when a man drove fast towards him and he narrowly escaped being knocked(knock) down.
②Compared with the escaped(escape) driver, I am proud of what I did.
(2)[链接写作]——句式升级
(普通表达)The woman managed to escape from the fire with her baby.She was extremely terrified and exhausted.
(高级表达)The woman managed to escape from the fire with her baby，extremely terrified and exhausted.(形容词作状语)
先理解再牢记
(1)escape (doing) sth.逃避(做)某事
escape from 从……逃脱； 逃避
escape one's attention/notice逃过某人的注意
(2)a narrow escape 九死一生
[佳句背诵] Last year I had a narrow escape, so I don't want to risk my life a second time.
4.reward n．报酬；奖金 vt.酬劳；奖赏
(1)单句语法填空
①Everyone who reached the top of Mount Tai was rewarded(reward) with a magnificent view.
②When asked for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding(reward)．
(2)[链接写作]——一句多译
我很乐意带你游玩北京，作为对你慷慨相助的报答。
①I'm more than willing to show you around Beijing as a reward for your generous help.
②I'm more than willing to show you around Beijing in reward for your generous help.
先理解再牢记
(1)as a reward for作为(对某事的)报酬/奖赏
in reward for 为酬谢……；作为奖赏
(2)reward sb.for sth.因某事而奖赏某人
reward sb.with sth.用某物回报某人
(3)rewarding adj.值得的；有益的；有意义的
诠释3个核心短语
1．in trouble 有麻烦；处于困难中
(1)单句语法填空
①Thanks for the trouble you have taken to help (help) us.
②Whenever we have trouble with our studies, our teachers always help us patiently.
③(2018·天津卷)If your awareness is as sharp as it could be, you'll have no trouble answering(answer) these questions.
(2)[链接写作]——完成句子
(2017·天津卷)他是一位慈爱的父亲，他严格要求女儿，当她处境困难时鼓励女儿不要灰心丧气。
He is a loving father because he was strict with his daughter and encouraged her not to lose heart when she was in trouble.
先理解再牢记
(1)get into trouble陷入困境；惹麻烦
ask/look for trouble 自找麻烦；自讨苦吃
(2)take the trouble to do sth.不辞辛苦做某事
have trouble in doing
sth./with sth.做某事有困难
2.turn to求助于；开始从事；致力于；翻到(书的某页)；查阅；转向
(1)写出下列句中turn to的含义
①(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)At last, I will be on my own, but I still want to have my parents to turn to whenever I need help.求助于
②After he left university he became a teacher, but later turned to journalism.开始从事
③You shouldn't always turn to the dictionary when you meet new words in reading.查阅
④Follow the main road until it branches and then turn to the left.转向
(2)[链接写作]——词汇升级
(普通表达)When you are in trouble, please don't hesitate to ask me for help.
(高级表达)When you are in trouble, please don't hesitate to turn to me for help.
先理解再牢记
turn down关小；拒绝
turn up 出现；露面；调大
turn off关掉
turn out 证明是；结果是；生产
turn over 打翻；翻身；移交
turn in 上交
[佳句背诵] (2017·全国卷Ⅲ语法填空)She has turned down several invitations to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies.
3．lose heart丧失勇气或信心；灰心；泄气
(1)用heart的相关短语填空
①In the face of danger，we should not lose heart.
②Our Party was founded in 1921，since when she has been serving the people heart and soul.
③As an old saying goes, “Nothing is too hard if you put your heart into it.”
(2)[链接写作]——词汇升级
(普通表达)As little boys and girls have a very good memory, they can remember a lot of English words.
(高级表达)As little boys and girls have a very good memory, they can learn a lot of English words by heart.
先理解再牢记
(1)put one's heart into一心扑在……上
learn sth.by heart 背诵；记牢……
strike...into one's heart 使……刻骨铭心
(2)heart and soul 全心全意地
from the bottom of sb.'s heart 从某人的心底
[佳句背诵] Faced with difficulty, he never loses heart and always tries his best to overcome it.
突破3个高考句型
1．(教材P34)The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress，until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all.过去30年来所出现的大量法律剥夺我们的权利，阻挡我们的进步，一直到今天，我们还处在几乎什么权利都没有的阶段。
[要点提炼] where 引导定语从句。
(1)单句语法填空
①We have come to the point at which the river divides.
②It's helpful to put children in a situation where they can see themselves differently.
(2)[链接写作]——句式升级
(普通表达)Today，we'll discuss a number of cases.Beginners of English fail to use the language properly in the cases.
(高级表达)Today，we'll discuss a number of cases where beginners of English fail to use the language properly.(定语从句)
先理解再牢记
(1)当先行词是stage，case，situation，position等表示抽象地点的名词，并且定语从句缺地点状语时，常用关系副词where(＝in which)来引导定语从句。
(2)当point表示地点时，其后的定语从句用where或at which引导。
[名师点津] point还可表示时间，其后的定语从句用when引导。如：
We had reached the point when there was no money left.
2.(教材P34)．..only then did we decide to answer violence with violence.
……只有到这个时候，我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。
[要点提炼] “only＋状语”置于句首的倒装句式。
(1)补全句子
①Only in this way can we live in(我们才能生活在) more comfortable and beautiful surroundings.
②Only then did I realize(我才意识到)that it was foolish of me to break away from all of my friends and never contact them.
(2)[链接写作]——一句多译
只有当我在英语口语比赛中获得一等奖时我才意识到精通英语口语的重要性。
①I realized it was important to have a good command of spoken English only when I won the first prize in the spoken English contest.
②Only when I won the first prize in the spoken English contest did I realize it was important to have a good command of spoken English.(倒装)
③It was only when I won the first prize in the spoken English contest that I realized it was important to have a good command of spoken English. (强调句型)
先理解再牢记
(1)only放在句首修饰状语(通常是副词、介词短语或when, if引导的状语从句)时，句子主句需要部分倒装。
(2)其结构为：only＋状语＋连系动词/情态动词/助动词＋主语＋谓语动词＋其他
[名师点津] only放在句首修饰主语时不用倒装。如：
Only those who accept this reality can lead a really full life.
3.(教材P38)I felt bad the first time I talked to a group.第一次给旅行团作讲解时，我的心情很不好。
[要点提炼] the first time用作连词，用来引导时间状语从句，意为 “第一次……”。
(1)补全句子
①The first time he met the girl (他第一次遇到这个女孩) he was struck by her wisdom and fell in love with her deeply.
②Every/Each time I see the old man (每次我看到这位老人时)in the park，he is absorbed in reading newspapers.
③Be careful！The machine starts the moment you press the button(你一按电钮)．
④Next time you come to Beijing(下次你来北京时)，please bring your art works.
(2)[链接写作]——一句多译
他第一次上这位年轻老师的课时，就感兴趣了。
①He became interested in the young teacher's lesson the first time he attended his class.
②He became interested in the young teacher's lesson when he attended his class for the first time.
先理解再牢记
(1)each/every time每次
next time 下次
any time 任何时候
last time 上次
by the time 到……为止
(2)一……就……
[名师点津] (1)the first time 表示“第一次”，在句中可作宾语、表语，还可以用作连词，引导时间状语从句。(2)for the first time 表示“第一次”，独立作状语， 不引导从句。如：
Mary was a shy girl when I met her for the first time.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．So far, a committee has been set (set)up to organize social events in the college.
2．Your teacher can give you guidance (guide) on choosing a career and writing a job application.
3．Now their peace talks have reached a key stage where a decision must be made.
4．People in all countries want a peaceful (peace) world rather than one filled with wars.
5．(2018·青岛适应性检测)Maggie thought it was unfair(fair) that women were not allowed to receive education.
6．The last thirty years has witnessed(witness) a large number of laws guaranteeing us our rights.
7．You can't imagine the trouble I had persuading(persuade) him to change his mind.
8．It does serious harm to children's character that too much violence(violent) is shown on television.
9．With the speeches finished, we voted to choose (choose) the monitor.
10．High school education (educate) is very important for students，because it can help them to choose their future.
Ⅱ.课文语法填空
根据P34课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
When Elias，a poor black worker in South Africa，first 1.met(meet) Nelson Mandela，he was in a very difficult period of his life.He had to leave school because his family could not continue to pay the school fees and the bus fare.When he got 2.a job，he was worried about 3.being (be) out of work because he didn't have a passbook.Then Mandela，4.who offered guidance to poor black people on their legal problems，told him what to do and helped him.When Mandela organized the ANC Youth League，Elias joined it as soon as he could.At that time，black people couldn't vote 5.or choose their leaders.They couldn't get the jobs they wanted and the 6.parts (part) of town in which they had to live 7.were decided(decide) by white people.With the help of Mandela they chose 8.to attack (attack) the laws，and fought against the white people with 9.violence (violent)．In 1963 Elias helped Mandela blow up some government buildings，though it was very 10.dangerous (danger)．He was happy to help because he knew it would help them achieve their dream of making black and white people equal.
Ⅲ.微写作
根据提示利用本单元所学知识完成下面的小作文。
1．我第一次听说斯蒂芬·霍金时，就被他的奉献精神感动。(the first time；devotion)
2．在日常生活中，他处于很大的麻烦之中。(in great trouble)
3．只有求助于电脑时，他才能讲话、阅读和写作。(only when...；turn to)
4．他对世界的贡献是无与伦比的。(have no equal)
5．在我看来，任何东西都无法回报他对科学的贡献。(in one's opinion；in reward for)
【参考范文】
The first time I heard of Stephen Hawking, I was moved by his devotion to the research.In his daily life, he was in great trouble.Only when he turned to the computer was it possible for him to speak, read and write.However, his contributions to the world have no equal. And in my opinion, nothing could be in reward for his contributions to science.
