2020版新一线高考英语（译林版）一轮复习教学案：第1部分选修6Unit4　Helpingpeoplearoundtheworld



Unit 4　Helping people around the world

[单词　拼写应用]
核心单词
1．urgent adj.紧急的，紧迫的
2．expand vt.&vi.扩展，发展(业务)；扩大，增强
3．possession n．个人财产；拥有，具有
4．worthy adj.令人敬重的；值得的，相称的；有价值的
5．alternative adj.可供替代的 n．可供选择的事物
6．means n．手段，方法
7．acquire vt.购得；获得，得到；学到
8．shelter n．住所；藏身之处
9．obtain vt.(尤指经努力)获得；赢得
10．barrier n．障碍，隔阂；屏障，障碍物
[语境运用]　用所给词的适当形式填空
1．I have given the matter much thought，examining all the possible alternatives(alternative)．
2．There are many means(means) of recreation in which people engage in their leisure time.
3．The ring is one of her most treasured possessions(possession)．
4．People obtained(obtain) knowledge and information through reading and studying.
5．A child's vocabulary expands(expand) through reading.
6．I look on it as an opportunity to acquire(acquire) fresh skills.
7．The crowd had to stand behind barriers(barrier).
拓展单词
1．lack n．&vt.缺乏→lacking adj.缺乏的；短缺的
2．add vt.&vi.添加；相加，求和；增加→addition n．增加；添加；此外，另外→additional adj.附加的；另外的
3．equal adj.平等的；同等的 n．同等的人；相等物 vt.与……相同或相等→equality n．平等；同等→equally adv.相等地
4．contribute vt.&vi.捐献，捐赠，捐助；贡献；促成，导致→contribution n．贡献；捐献；投稿→contributor n．贡献者；捐献者；投稿人
5．crowd n．人群vi.&vt.挤满，塞满；使拥挤→crowded adj.拥挤的
6．remind vt.提醒，使想起→reminder n．暗示；提醒人的事物
[语境运用]　用所给词的适当形式填空
1．All men are born equal，so everyone hopes to be treated equally because equality is the basic demand. (equal)
2．The volunteers contributed much time to the project，Dr Win was a major contributor to the project and he made a great contribution．(contribute)
3．Studies show farmland in Africa is often lacking in important nutrients.Lack of nutrients makes the soil poor.(lack)
4．His generous donation filled our need for additional funds，and in addition，it encouraged more and more people to give a hand. (addition)
5．You reminded me of my deadline to hand in my paper.Thanks for your reminder. (remind)
阅读词汇
1．troublesome adj.麻烦的，讨厌的，棘手的　
2．victim n．受害者　　　　　
3．vacant adj.空着的；(职位)空缺的
4．staff n．全体员工
5．political adj.政治的；政府的
6．chaos n．混乱，杂乱，紊乱
7．worthwhile adj.重要的；令人愉快的；
值得花时间(或花钱、努力等)
8．assistant n．助理，助手 adj.助理的，副的
9．mountainous adj.多山的
10．wage n．(通常指按周领的)工资
11．colleague n．同事
12．angle n．角度；角，方面
拓展联想
1．“伸开，扩展”训练营
①expand 扩展，扩大
②extend 伸出，延伸
③spread 伸开，传播
④stretch 伸展，拉长
⑤enlarge 扩大
2.“经济生活”高频动词
①export 出口；输出
②import 进口；输入
③invest 投资
④bid 出价；投标
⑤distribute 分配；分布
3.“引起，导致”相聚
①cause
②bring about
③lead to
④contribute to
⑤result in
⑥account for
4.攻克“空的”形容词
①vacant
②empty
③hollow
④blank
[短语　多维应用]
高频短语
1．in addition 除……以外(还)，此外
2．break down 出故障；抛锚；损坏；衰弱下来
3．think back to 回想
4．contribute...to... 把……捐献给……
5．put up 建造，搭起；张贴
[语境运用]　选用左边短语的适当形式填空
When I ①think back to the voluntary experiences in the remote villages，I can't help feeling sorrowful for the villagers. Their health is ②breaking down because they work too hard.③In addition，there is a shortage of running water，food and heating equipment.Luckily，the government is trying every means to help them and the public also ④contribute money to them.

6．in chaos 处于混乱状态
7．get hold of 得到；抓住
8．remind sb.of 让某人想起……，提醒某人……
9．make a difference 有作用(关系、影响)
10．stop sb.from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事
[语境运用]　选用左边短语的适当形式填空
The picture on the desk ⑤reminds me of the people in poverty. The surroundings they live in are ⑥in chaos，and they lack food and education. What's more，they can't ⑦get hold of enough funds to start their own business. In my opinion，if everyone could help the people in need，it will ⑧make a difference to their life.

11．refer to 谈及，提到；与……相关，涉及；查阅，参考
12．draw one's attention to 使(某人)察觉到
13．under the umbrella of 在……的保护下，在……的管理下
14．if only 但愿
15．take on 雇用；承担；呈现
[语境运用]　选用左边短语的适当形式填空
Zhang Ming is a young man who volunteers to teach children in remote villages. He writes an article ⑨referring to left-behind children which ⑩draws the public's attention to children whose lives are hard.Many kind citizens volunteer to ⑪take on the responsibility to help those children.⑫If only those children had a better life.
拓展联想
1．“除……以外”家族
①apart from 除……外(还有/没有)
②aside from 除……外(还有/没有)
③except for 除了(不好的部分)
④except 除……之外(不包括)
⑤besides 除……外(还有)
⑥in addition 此外(单独使用)
⑦in addition to 此外
⑧as well as 除……之外
2.attention短语展示
①draw one's attention to... 使某人察觉到……
②call one's attention to... 提醒某人注意……
③fix one's attention on... 集中注意力于……
④bring...to one's attention 使某人注意……
⑤pay attention to 注意
3.“think短语”大团圆
①think back to 回想
②think about 考虑
③think over 仔细考虑
④think of 记起，想起；考虑
⑤think twice 再三考虑
⑥think highly of 对……评价很高
⑦think up 想出，构思出
⑧think out 仔细考虑
[句式　结构仿写]
教材原句背诵
句式仿写应用
1．“sth.＋be＋adj.＋to do”句式
This land was difficult to farm but now water has been pumped into the fields.
外国学习者很难理解唐诗的真实含义和文化。
The true meaning and the culture of Tang poems are difficult to understand for a foreign learner.
2.would rather that...意为“宁愿，更喜欢……”
I would rather you hadn't told me about it.
我宁愿我现在在北京，这样我就会陪你去书店了。
I would rather I were in Beijing now，in which case I would accompany you to the bookstore.
3.if only意为“但愿/要是……就好了”
If only there were more people donating money to charities！
要是我能回到过去重新设定我的目标该多好。
If only I could go back and reset my goals.


精讲9个考纲词汇
1．lack n．&vt.缺乏
(1)单句语法填空
①Though lacking(lack) money，his parents managed to send him to a university.
②A new study shows older men who suffer from a lack of deep sleep are nearly twice as likely to develop high blood pressure.
(2)[链接写作]——一句多译
由于缺钱，可怜的女孩不能买这本书。
①The poor girl can't buy this book for lack of money．(for lack of)
②Lacking money，the poor girl can't buy this book.(现在分词)
③Because she lacks money，the poor girl can't buy this book.(原因状语)
先理解再牢记
(1)lack＋ n．缺乏……
not lack for sth.某物应有尽有，不缺某物
(2)(a) lack of＋ n．缺乏……
for lack of＋ n．因缺乏……
(3)be lacking in (在抽象事物方面)缺乏
[佳句背诵]　Lacking confidence can lead to a lot of suffering，so you should believe in yourself.
[名师点津]　lack是表示状态的及物动词，不用于被动结构，也不用于进行时。
2.worthy adj.令人敬重的；值得的，相称的；有价值的
(1)单句语法填空
He had shown himself to be worthy of their respect.
(2)[链接写作]——一句多译
这本参考书值得买，因为它对你的学习很有帮助。
①The reference book is worth buying，because it is a great help for your study.(worth)
②The reference book is worthy to be bought，because it is a great help for your study.
③The reference book is worthy of being bought，because it is a great help for your study.
④It is worthwhile to buy/buying the reference book，because it is a great help for your study. (不定式)
先理解再牢记
(1)be worthy
(2)be worth
(3)
[佳句背诵]　Since you are interested in traditional Chinese culture，I think this festival is well worthy to be experienced.
3.equal adj.平等的；同等的，相同的；胜任的 vt.与……相同或相等 n．同等的人；相等物
(1)单句语法填空
①We need to be active in all kinds of sports，and pay attention to mental health which is equal to physical health.
②Hong Kong Wetland Park is equally(equal) attractive in spring and autumn，for the weather is pleasant in both seasons.
③We Chinese people have persistently urged the equality(equal) of nations，big or small.
(2)[链接写作]——一句多译
每个人都知道，在勇气方面无人与他相比。
①No one matches him in courage，about which everyone knows.(match)
②No one equals him in courage，about which everyone knows.(equal v．)
③No one is equal to him in courage，about which everyone knows.(equal adj.)
先理解再牢记
(1)be equal to (doing) sth.(in...)(在……方面)等于；能胜任(做)某事
(2)equal sb./sth.in (doing) sth.在(做)某事上比得过、敌得过某人/物
(3)without equal 无与伦比
[佳句背诵]　His paintings are without equal in the western world.
[联想发散]　表示“胜任……”的短语还有：①be fit for　②be qualified for
4.contribute vt.&vi.捐献，捐赠，捐助；贡献；促成，导致；投稿
(1)单句语法填空
①Doing small things well contributes to building(build) up our confidence and helping(help) us meet bigger challenges in the future.
②Everyone is willing to contribute food and clothes to/towards the homeless people.
③Participating in the contest will be a golden chance for me to show my dancing skills and make some contributions(contribute) to the class.
(2)[链接写作]——词汇升级
(普通表达)There is no doubt that the construction of this highway will lead to the development of this area.
①(高级表达)There is no doubt that the construction of this highway will contribute to the development of this area.(contribute)
②(高级表达)There is no doubt that the construction of this highway will make a contribution to the development of this area.(contribution)
先理解再牢记
(1)contribute...to/towards...
(把……)贡献给……；(向……)捐款；投稿
contribute to 促成，导致；有助于；是……的原因
(2)make contributions/a contribution to/towards(doing)... 对(做)……做出贡献
[佳句背诵]　Many people contributed money to the Project Hope，which contributed to many children returning to school.A teacher wrote an article about this and contribute it to a newspaper.
[名师点津]　contribute to和make a contribution/contributions to中的to都为介词，后面要接名词、代词或动名词。
5．alternative adj.可供替代的，供选择的；其他的 n．可供选择的事物；选择对象

(1)单句语法填空
①If you don't like the school lunch，you will have the alternative of bringing your own.
②There were so many cars held up by the heavy rain on the road that we had no alternative but to wait(wait)．
③Hotels are generally of a good standard and not too expensive.Alternatively(alternative) you could stay in an apartment.
(2)[链接写作]——词汇升级
(普通表达)We can do nothing but take immediate action to stop pollution.
(高级表达)We have no alternative/choice but to take immediate action to stop pollution.
先理解再牢记
(1)have no alternative but to do sth.别无选择只好做某事
have the alternative of doing sth.有做某事的选择
(2)alternatively adv.可供选择地
[名师点津]　“别无选择只好做某事”的其他表达方式：do nothing but do sth.，have nothing to do but do sth.，have no choice but to do sth.，can not choose but do sth.，can't do sth.but do sth.
其中but之前有实义动词do的某种形式(does，did，done)时，but之后要用省略to的动词不定式。
6.means n．手段，方法

(1)单句语法填空
①Every means has been tried(try) to save the environment.
②There is no doubt that the mobile phone is an important means of communication.
(2)[链接写作]——句式升级
(普通表达)The problem is by no means as simple as we first thought.
(高级表达)By no means is the problem as simple as we first thought.
先理解再牢记
(1)a means of (doing) sth.(做)某事的方法、途径
means of production/transport/communication 生产工具/运输工具/通信手段
(2)by means of 用，依靠；通过
by all means 无论如何；当然可以(口语)
by no means 决不；无论如何都不(位于句首，句子要倒装)
[名师点津]　当means表示“方法，方式，手段”时，单复数同形。means作主语若有every，each，one等词修饰时，谓语动词用单数；有some，several，many，few等词修饰时，谓语动词用复数。
7.remind vt.提醒，使想起

(1)单句语法填空
①I agree with Susan，whose article reminds me of my best gift，a pen，given by my father，who was a worker.
②Passengers are reminded(remind) that no smoking is allowed on this train.
③The fact is，to note what you have to do is to remind you to do(do) it at the right time.
(2)[链接写作]——一句多译
尽管被提醒不要酒后开车，一些司机仍然心存侥幸，这十分危险。
①Although/Though some drivers are reminded not to drive after drinking，they are still trying their luck，which is really dangerous.(让步状语从句)
②Reminded not to drive after drinking，some drivers are still trying their luck，which is really dangerous.(过去分词作状语)
先理解再牢记
remind sb.of sth.使某人想起某事
remind sb.to do sth.提醒某人做某事
remind (sb.)that/how/what...提醒(某人)……
[名师点津]　其他“v.＋sb.of sth.”结构的短语还有：
①inform sb.of sth.通知某人某事
②rob sb.of sth.抢劫某人某物
③accuse sb.of sth.控告某人某事
④warn sb.of sth.警告某人某事
⑤cure sb.of sth.治愈某人的病
⑥convince sb.of sth.使某人相信某事
8.possession n．个人财产(常用复数)；拥有，具有
(1)单句语法填空
①Although he doesn't possess much money，he is possessed of good health.
②We can't take/have possession(possess) of the house until all the papers have been signed.
(2)[链接写作]——一句多译
尽管穿得很破，但这个老人拥有一家大公司。
①Though dressed poorly，the old man is in possession of a large company.
②Though the old man dresses himself poorly，a large company is in the possession of him.
③Though dressed poorly，the old man takes/has possession of a large company.
先理解再牢记
(1)sb.be in possession of sth.某人拥有某物
sth.be in the possession of sb.某物为某人所拥有
take/have possession of 拥有；占领，夺取
(2)possess vt.(使)占有，(使)拥有；支配(不用于进行时)
be possessed of 具有(某种品质、能力等)
[名师点津]　in possession of表示主动，其主语通常是人，意为“占有……”；in the possession of表示被动，其主语通常是物，意为“被……占有”。
9．shelter n．住所；藏身之处；庇护；避难所 v．庇护；躲避
(1)单句语法填空
①Trees shelter the house from the wind.
②Under the shelter of a tent，a crowd was gathered for a brunch.
(2)[链接写作]——一句多译
他们决心保护学生免受伤害。
①They are determined to shelter their students from being hurt．(shelter)
②They are determined to protect their students from being hurt．(protect)
③They are determined to preserve their students from being hurt．(preserve)
先理解再牢记
(1)take/seek shelter (from)躲避(……)
under the shelter of 在……的庇护下
give shelter to 庇护
(2)shelter/protect/preserve...from...保护……免于……
阻止……做……
[佳句背诵]　Great efforts should be made to prevent/keep/stop the flu virus from spreading.
诠释2个核心短语
1．refer to 指的是；谈及，提到；到……相关，涉及；查阅，参考

(1)写出下列句中refer to的含义
①When I study English，I like to put my dictionary within my reach so that I can refer to it when necessary.查阅，参考
②Jim insisted that the book Mr Black referred to was worth reading.提到
③The new law does not refer to land used for farming.涉及
④What does the underlined word“them”in Paragraph 2 refer to？指的是
(2)[链接写作]——完成句子
他们把这个发现称作这一领域最令人兴奋的新的进展。
They referred to the discovery as the most exciting new development in this field. (refer to...as)
先理解再牢记
(1)refer to...as...把……称作……
refer...to...把……提交给……
(2)reference n．谈到，提到；参考，查阅
in/with reference to 关于
[名师点津]　look up表示“参考，查阅”时，其宾语多为word，information等；而refer to表示“参考，查阅”时，其宾语多为book，dictionary等。
[佳句背诵]　Don't always refer to the dictionary when coming across new words.Only if a word is very important can you look it up in your dictionary.
2.break down 出故障，抛锚；(身体、精神)垮掉；坍塌，崩溃；(谈判，计划等)失败，破裂；(化学)分解
(1)写出下列句中break down的含义
①A large number of buildings broke down in the earthquake.坍塌
②Let's break down the project into smaller parts in order to deal with them one by one.分解
③Old-fashioned phones matter when wireless networks break down in disasters.出故障
④You will break down if you take on more work than you can.身体垮掉
⑤News reports say peace talks between the two countries have broken down with no agreement reached.失败，破裂
(2)[链接写作]——完成句子
早上我们到达工作地点，发现有人夜间曾强行闯入了办公室。
We arrived at work in the morning and found that somebody had broken into the office during the night.
先理解再牢记
break up 打碎；驱散；(关系)破裂，分手；(会议等)结束；(物理)解体
break in 打断，插嘴；强行闯入
break into 强行闯入；突然开始(笑、欢呼等)
break off 使折断；突然终止；中断(谈话等)
break out (战争、火灾等)突然发生，爆发
break through 克服；取得突破
[佳句背诵]　Scientists think they are beginning to break through in the fight against cancer.
突破1个高考句型
(教材P57)If only there were more people donating money to charities！但愿有更多的人给慈善机构捐款！
[句型公式]　本句中if only...引导的是一种虚拟语气的感叹句，意为“但愿/如果……就好了”，它还可用来引导虚拟语气的条件句。
(1)单句语法填空
①If only I had(have) more money，I could buy some new clothes.
②It's too bad that I failed in the math exam.If only I had worked(work) hard at it!
(2)[链接写作]——一句多译
要不是你的帮助，我那天就有麻烦了。
①Without/But for your help，I would have been in trouble that day.
②If only I hadn't had your help，I would have been in trouble that day.
先理解再牢记
(1)表示与现在事实相反的愿望时用if only sb.did/were...
(2)表示与过去事实相反的愿望时用if only sb.had done...
(3)表示与将来事实相反的愿望用if only sb.would/could/might do...
[名师点津]　only if表示“只有，只要”，引导条件状语从句，不用虚拟语气；若其引导的从句置于句首，且与主句之间没有逗号隔开，则主句要用倒装。
[佳句背诵]　In a word，only if you learn English by using it can we learn it well.


Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．I like getting up early in the morning. You know the morning air is so good to breathe(breathe)．
2．A diet lacking(lack) nutritional value will not keep a person healthy.
3．Men and women must be treated equally(equal) in education and employment.
4．You have the alternative of marrying or remaining a bachelor.
5．You must remind him to take(take) his medicine，in case he forgets.
6．Our teacher always says to us that everyone could make contributions(contribution) to our society.
7．It was bad luck that my car broke down on the way to Beijing.
8．This is by no means a good way to solve the problem.
9．The result of the research is for reference(refer) only.
10．It is really worthwhile to study/studying(study) the animals.
Ⅱ.单句改错(每句仅有一处错误)
1．She reminded me of that I had a meeting to attend that evening.去掉of
2．The fact that the miners there work in dreadful conditions attracts the public's attention and contributes to make laws to protect the miners' right.make→making
3．To be punctual one has to have self-discipline，and the lack for it affects others.for→of
4．Any man will be equal for the task，so long as he is careful.for→to
5．You are worthy of praised for your wonderful works.of后加being
6．When she was forty，she still kept a good figure by the means of exercising regularly and sticking to a diet.去掉the
7．I have no alternative but accept the offer.but后加to
8．The engine broke away again although it had been repaired a month ago.away→down
9．Something blocked the tap should be removed so that the water can come through quickly.blocked→blocking
10．Though lacks money，his parents managed to send him to university.lacks→lacking

Ⅰ.课文语法填空
根据P50－51课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
The UN is an international organization consisting of countries that want to promote world peace.It 1．was set(set) up just after the Second World War by 51 countries 2.while today 192 countries altogether. The UN has four main functions：to keep international peace; to develop friendly 3.relationships(relationship) among nations；to work together in 4.solving(solve) international political conflicts and in promoting respect for human rights；and to be a centre for organizing the actions 5．or work of different nations.
Apart from the urgent problems
6．caused(cause) by wars and disasters，the UN helps countries 7.with other problems such as lack of education，8.starvation(starve)，disasters，AIDS and other diseases. At 9．a UN meeting in 2000，all of its members agreed to try and meet eight development goals by the year 2015，one of which 10.is(be) to ensure that clean water is available to everyone and another is that all children complete primary education.
Ⅱ.写作改错双练
根据提示运用本单元所学知识，完成下面小作文，并改正学生习作。
1．由于环境污染很多人缺少绿色食品；更为糟糕的是有些地方人们连干净的水都不可能喝到。(lack，poverty，主语＋be＋adj.＋to do)
2．幸运的是，政府正在想尽一切办法帮助他们，公众也向他们捐款。(means，donate)
3．另一方面，一些非官方的环保组织，也倡导我们使用绿色能源。(refer to)
4．同时，要是我们日常生活中能使用其它交通工具如公交车，自行车，我们的环境也会变好。(If only...，alternative)
5．总之，我们的所做所为一定会对环境产生重大影响。(make a difference)
第一步：练写作
用适当的连接词将上述句子连成一篇短文。




第二步：练改错
下面是李明针对本文的习作，其中有5处语法错误，请你帮他纠正过来。
Nowadays many people lack healthy food on account of environmental pollution.What's worse，in some places，it is impossible for people to drinking clean water.
Luckily，the government is trying every mean to help them and the public also contribute money to them.On the other hand，the non-official environmental organization referring to just advocates the use of green power，which is beneficial to our environment，at the same time，if only we could use some alternative means of transport such as buses and bikes，our living environment will become better.
In a word，what we have done will make much difference for our environment.
【答案】
Nowadays many people lack healthy food on account of environmental pollution.What's worse，in some places，it is impossible for people to clean water.
Luckily，the government is trying every to help them and the public also contribute money to them.On the other hand，the non-official environmental organization to just advocates the use of green power，which is beneficial to our environment，at the same time，if only we could use some alternative means of transport such as buses and bikes，our living environment become better.
In a word，what we have done will make much difference our environment.