2020高考英语新创新大一轮复习人教全国版讲义：必修3Unit1Festivalsaroundtheworld


Unit 1 Festivals around the world　　　

一、课前基础自查
(一)分类记单词——省时高效
Ⅰ.阅读单词(知其意)
1.ancestor n．　　　　　祖先；祖宗
2.feast n. 节日；盛宴
3.bone n. 骨；骨头
4.carnival n. 狂欢节；(四旬斋前的)饮宴狂欢；
嘉年华(会)
5.parade n. 游行；阅兵；检阅
6.worldwide adj. 遍及全世界的；世界性的
7.parking n. (汽车等)停放
8.wipe vt. 擦；揩；擦去
9.weep vi. 哭泣；流泪
n. 哭；哭泣
10.beauty n. 美；美人
11.herd n. 牧群；兽群
12.weave vt.& vi. 编织；(使)迂回前进
Ⅱ.重点单词(写其形)
1.belief n．　　　信任；信心；信仰
2.gather vt.& vi. 搜集；集合；聚集
3.award n. 奖；奖品
vt. 授予；判定
4.custom n. 习惯；风俗
5.obvious adj. 明显的；显而易见的
6.gain vt. 获得；得到
7.forgive vt. 原谅；饶恕
8.trick n. 诡计；恶作剧；窍门
vt. 欺骗；诈骗
9.fool n. 愚人；白痴；受骗者
vt. 愚弄；欺骗
vi. 干傻事；开玩笑
adj. 傻的
10.clothing n. 衣服
Ⅲ.拓展单词(通其变)
1.remind vt.提醒；使想起→reminder n．起提醒作用的东西
2.arrival n．到来；到达；到达者→arrive vi.到达
3.independence n．独立；自主→independent adj.独立的；自主的
4.permission n．许可；允许→permit vt.允许n.许可证；执照
5.apologize vi.道歉；辩白→apology n．道歉
6.origin n．起源；由来；起因→original adj.原来的→originally adv.原先
7.starve vi.& vt.(使)饿死；饿得要死→starvation n．饿死
8.celebration n．庆祝；祝贺→celebrate v．庆祝；祝贺
9.energetic adj.充满活力的；精力充沛的；积极的→energy n．能量；精力
10.sadness n．悲哀；悲伤→sad adj.悲伤的→sadly adv.伤心地；悲伤地
11.agriculture n．农业；农艺；农学→agricultural adj.农业的；农艺的
12.admire vt.赞美；钦佩；羡慕→admiration n．敬佩；钦佩；羡慕
[语境活用]
1.They are celebrating the Dragon Boat Festival and many people are joining in the celebration.(celebrate)
2.The young man kept apologizing to his girlfriend for his being late, but she refused to accept his apology.(apologize)
3.The old temple has kept many of its original features, which tells us the origin of the legend.Originally,_people knew little about it, but now it becomes very famous.(origin)
4.The moment I saw the scientist admired by everyone, words failed to express my admiration.(admire)
5.Even if you have a permit,_I won't permit you to enter the hall without my permission.(permit)
6.Della's eyes were full of sadness at the sad news and she looked sadly at her husband.(sad)
7.After three days without food, the men were close to starvation.If we had come later, they would have starved to death.(starve)


(二)练中记短语——记牢用活
写准记牢
语境活用(选用左栏短语填空)
1.take_place　 　　　发生
2.in_memory_of 纪念；追念
3.dress_up 穿上盛装；打扮；装饰
4.play_a_trick_on 搞恶作剧；开玩笑；诈骗
5.look_forward_to 期望；期待；盼望
6.day_and_night 日夜；昼夜；整天
7.turn_up 出现；到场
8.keep_one's_word 守信用；履行诺言
9.hold_one's_breath 屏息；屏气
10.have_fun_with 玩得开心
11.set_off 出发；动身；使爆炸
12.remind_...of_... 使……想起……
1.Great changes have taken_place in this mountain area in the past few years.
2.It is universally known that playing_a_trick_on the disabled is an impolite behavior.
3.In order to get ready for the examination, the students are studying day_and_night.
4.If you want to make friends with others, you must keep_your_word.
5.At the play, Mr.Green dressed_up as a policeman with dark glasses.
6.We will build a monument in_memory_of the persons who sacrificed their lives for our country.
7.Miss Yang promised to attend my birthday party, but she hasn't turned_up so far.
8.After saying goodbye to their friends, they set_off for home.

(三)仿写明句式——以用为本
教材原句
句式解读
句式仿写
1.At that time people would starve if food was difficult to find, especially during the cold winter months.
在那个时代，如果食物难以找到，人们就会挨饿，特别是在寒冷的冬月。
“主语＋be＋adj.＋to do”句式。
就我个人而言，这道数学题很难算出来。
As far as I'm concerned, this maths problem is_very_difficult_to_work_out.
2.Some festivals are held to honour the dead or to satisfy the ancestors, who might return either to help or to do harm.
有些节日，是为了纪念死者，或者使祖先得到满足，因为祖先们有可能回到世上(给人们)提供帮助，也有可能带来危害。
either ...or ...意为“或者……或者……”，在句中连接两个相同的句子成分。
(2018·江苏高考)它也给了我一个选择，或者留下空白页或者带着希望继续写故事。
It had also given me a choice, either_to_leave_that_page_blank_or to keep writing the story with hope.
3.It was obvious that the manager of the coffee shop was waiting for Li Fang to leave ...
很明显，咖啡馆的经理在等李方离开……
It＋be＋adj.＋that ..., it为形式主语。
(2017·北京高考书面表达)显而易见“长江之行”将是更好的选择。
It_is_obvious_that the trip along the Yangtze River will be a better choice.
4.While she was on earth she met the herd boy Niulang and they fell in love.
她在人间时遇到了牛郎，然后两人相爱了。
while意为“当……的时候”，在句中引导时间状语从句。
(2017·北京高考书面表达)师生们观看视频时感动不已。
While_the_students_and_teachers_were_watching_the_video,_they were greatly touched.

二、课堂重点深化

1．gain vt.获得；得到n.获利；利益
　[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①To_gain (gain) a deeper understanding of politics for his writing, he took a one­year job in the city government.
②She hopes to gain experience from working abroad for a year.
　[系统归纳]
(1)gain weight　　　　　 增加体重
gain sth.from ... 从……中获益
gain other's respect/trust/knowledge
获得别人的尊敬/信任/知识
(2)No pains, no gains. 不劳无获。
　[重点强化]
易错处处防
③As the old saying goes: No pains, no gain.gain→gains
佳句时时写
④(2018·北京高考书面表达)通过这次志愿者活动，我不仅开阔了视野，而且获得了一些宝贵的经验。
From this voluntary activity, not only did I broaden_my_horizons_but_also_gained valuable_experience.
2．admire vt.赞美；钦佩；羡慕
　[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①We admire the old scientist for his great contributions to the country.
②I'd like to express my admiration (admire) for the courage and uncomplaining spirit of the firefighters.
③Deeply moved by her performance, the whole audience applauded with admiration.
　[系统归纳]
(1)admire sb.for sth.　　　　　 因某事而钦佩某人
(2)admiration n. 钦佩；羡慕
with/in admiration 钦佩地
express admiration for ... 钦佩……
　[重点强化]
佳句时时写
④(2016·北京高考书面表达)当谈到中国的著名历史人物时，我非常钦佩张骞。
When it comes to famous figures in Chinese history, I admire_Zhang_Qian_very_much.
僻义牢牢记
⑤(2018·北京高考)During the Mid­Autumn Festival, family members often gather together to share a meal, admire the moon and enjoy moon cakes.欣赏
3．apologize vi.道歉；辩白
　[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①The headmaster demanded that you should apologize to her for your rudeness immediately.
②I must make an apology (apologize) to him for not being able to attend his party.
补全句子
③(2016·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)I owe_you_an_apology for the fact that I cannot go to the bookstore with you on Friday afternoon.
我应为星期五下午不能和你一起去书店向你道歉。
　[系统归纳]
(1)apologize to sb.for (doing) sth. 因(做)某事向某人道歉
(2)apology n. 道歉；辩白
make an apology to sb.for (doing) sth.
因(做)某事向某人道歉
accept/refuse one's apology 接受/拒绝某人的道歉
owe sb.an apology 应向某人道歉
　[重点强化]
易错处处防
④She should apologize her deskmate for her bad behavior.apologize_后加to
佳句时时写(一句多译)
我的老师建议我为不能守约向你道歉。
⑤My teacher made a suggestion that I should apologize_to_you_for_failing to keep the appointment.(apologize)
⑥My teacher recommended me to make_an_apology_to_you_for_failing to keep the appointment.(apology)
4．remind vt.提醒；使想起
　[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①Please remind me to_write (write) an e­mail to my mother tomorrow, for it's her birthday.
②(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and were too violent for use at the table.
③This photo album serves as a reminder (remind) of the most important moments of my life.
　[系统归纳]
(1)remind sb.of sth.　　　　　　　 提醒某人某事
remind sb.to do sth. 提醒某人做某事
remind (sb.) that/how/what ... 提醒(某人)……
(2)reminder n. 起提醒作用的东西
　[重点强化]
易错处处防
④You must remind him take his medicine, in case he forgets.take前加to
佳句时时写
⑤老师的话让我想起了“有志者，事竟成”的名言。
What the teacher had said reminded_me_of_the_famous_saying,_“Where there is a will, there is a way.”
5．forgive vt.(forgave; forgiven)原谅；饶恕；宽恕
　[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①Forgive others and you will be_forgiven (forgive)．
②Forgive me for interrupting, but I really don't agree with that.
补全句子
③As is known to us, it's a virtue to_forgive_and_forget,_especially in such a competitive and stressful society.　
众所周知，不计前嫌是一种美德，尤其是在这样一个充满竞争和压力的社会中。
　[系统归纳]
(1)forgive me　　　　　　　　 请原谅；对不起
forgive sb.for (doing) sth. 原谅某人(做了)某事
(2)forgive and forget 不计前嫌
　[重点强化]
易错处处防
④This morning my classmate forgive me for what I had said.forgive→forgave
僻义牢牢记
⑤Believe it or not, I'll forgive you the debt.免除

1．look forward to期望；期待；盼望
　[系统归纳]
look back (on)　　　　　 回忆；回顾
look out for 注意察看；留心
look down on/upon 轻视；瞧不起
look into 调查；向……里看
look up to 尊敬；敬仰
　[重点强化]
单句语法填空
①The kid is looking forward to being_taken (take) to the zoo this weekend.
②As I saw the old photo, I always looked back on the scene where we had met.
③Now, I want to answer your questions, but remember to look out for the red light.
④It is reported that the police will look into the case further before they can come to a conclusion.
易错对对碰
⑤He looked forward to see (see) who was making a loud noise in the crowd.
⑥We are looking forward to seeing (see) the new policy carried out, which has drawn many people's attention.
佳句时时写
⑦(2017·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)如果你有任何问题，请不要犹豫，让我知道。期待你的尽快答复。
Should you have any questions, please don't hesitate to let me know.Looking_forward_to_your_early_reply.
2．turn up出现；到场；露面；被找到；调高(音量，热度等)；向上翻
　[自主体验]
写出下列句中turn up的含义
①Don't worry.I'm sure your missing glasses will turn up sooner or later.被找到
②I feel cold and I'd like to turn the heat up a little.调高
③As the weather was too cold in the street, he turned up the collar of his coat.向上翻
　[系统归纳]
turn down　　　　　　　　 拒绝；关小；调低
turn in 上交；拐入
turn out 结果是；证明是；生产；制造
turn over 翻身；移交；转变
turn off 关掉
turn to sb.for help 向某人求助
　[重点强化]
用法条条清(turn up/turn in/turn down)
④(2017·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)Some famous Chinese artists will turn_up and perform at the exhibition.
⑤The hall was full, and hundreds of fans had to be turned_down.
⑥The moment the bell rang, all the students turned_in their papers immediately.
佳句时时写
⑦我经常向同学或老师求助，结果我在学业上取得很大进步。
I often turn_to_my_classmates_or_teachers_for_help.As a result, I have made great progress in my studies.
3．set off出发；动身；使爆炸；引起；燃放(烟花等)
　[系统归纳]
set off for　　　　 动身去(某地)
set aside 保留；储蓄；忽视；不顾；留出
set about 着手/开始做……(后接名词、动名词)
set out 出发；开始做……(后接动词不定式)
set down 放下；记下
set up 建立；树立；搭起
　[重点强化]
单句语法填空
①A great many boys were setting off fireworks in the street during the Spring Festival.
②For all three years I have been working for others; I'm hoping I'll set up my own business someday.
③Set aside some time each day to practice speaking English, even if it is only five minutes.
④You'd better set down your new idea before you forget it.
易错对对碰
⑤After the earthquake, the people set out to_rebuild (rebuild) their homes.
⑥After the earthquake, the people set about rebuilding (rebuild) their homes.
佳句时时写
⑦(2015·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)我们将在周六上午8：00 出发去敬老院陪老人们过重阳节。
We will set_off_for_the_nursing_home at 8：00 am on Saturday to accompany the elderly for the Double Ninth Festival.
4．It＋be＋adj.＋that ...
[教材原句]　It_was_obvious_that the manager of the coffee shop was waiting for Li Fang to leave ...
　[自主体验]
①It_is_obvious_that without the help of the whole society, there would be no new school today.
很明显，如果没有全社会的帮助就不会有今天的新学校。
②It's_a_pity_that you've missed such a good chance.
你错过了这样一个好机会，真是遗憾。
③(2015·安徽高考)It_is_reported_that a space station will be built on the moon in years to come.
据报道一个空间站将在未来的几年内在月球上建成。
　[归纳点拨]
用法规则
it作形式主语的常用句式：
(1)It be＋形容词＋that从句。
(2)It be＋名词短语(a pity, a fact, a wonder, an honour, an idea, no wonder ...)＋that从句。
(3)It be＋过去分词(said, thought, believed, supposed, reported ...)＋that从句。
注意事项
在句型“It is/was strange/important/necessary/essential ...＋that从句”中，从句常用虚拟语气，即从句谓语动词为“should＋动词原形”， should可以省略。

　[佳句背诵]
①(精彩开头句)(2018·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)I'm very delighted to know that you're going to visit a Chinese family.It's necessary that you should know about table manners of China.
②(增分要点句)(2017·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)It is true that this is a good chance for you to have a good knowledge of traditional Chinese culture.
5．while引导时间状语从句
　[教材原句]　While she was on earth she met the herd boy Niulang and they fell in love.
　[自主体验]
①While_I_was_looking_through the news online, up came a video of a lovely bear.
当我在网上浏览新闻时，出现了一个可爱小熊的视频。
②I like English while my_little_brother_is_fond_of_maths.
我喜欢英语然而我弟弟喜欢数学。
③While_traveling_can_broaden_your_mind,_I don't think it's a good idea to spend too much time and money on it.
尽管旅游能够增长见识，但是我认为你在这方面花费太多的时间和金钱不是个好主意。
　[归纳点拨]
用法规则
while的含义及用法：
(1)“当……的时候”，引导时间状语从句。
(2)“但是；可是；然而”，表示对比。
(3)“虽然；尽管”，表示转折。
注意事项
while意为“虽然；尽管”时，与although, though 用法相同，不与but连用。
[佳句背诵]
①(增分要点句)(2018·北京高考书面表达)Some reading in advance is needed like The Story of the Stone while some online courses of spoken Chinese can be helpful for you to adapt into the Chinese language environment.
②(增分要点句)(2017·天津高考书面表达)While it has been more than a year since you taught us English, I've missed you a lot, thinking about those happy moments when we stayed with you.

本单元语篇话题与新课程主题语境“人与社会”中的“节假日活动”子话题相对应
一、话题语素积累多一点
话题词汇记一记
子话题(一)　节假日用品
温故浅易词汇
①candle　　　　②candy　　　　③fireworks
④turkey ⑤balloon ⑥gift
⑦lantern ⑧dragon boat ⑨mooncake
识记生疏词汇
①treasure n．财富；珍品　②dumpling n．水饺
③ribbon n．丝带 ④anniversary n．周年纪念
⑤package n．包；包裹 ⑥decoration n．装饰品

子话题(二)　节假日相关活动
温故浅易词汇
①welcome　 　②hold　　　③fool　　　　④trick
⑤host ⑥share ⑦support ⑧clean
⑨receive ⑩honour ⑪attend ⑫enjoy
识记生疏词汇
①reunion n．团聚　　　　　②ceremony n．典礼；仪式
③cerebrate vt.庆祝 ④celebration n．庆祝
⑤cancel vt.取消 ⑥event n．事件；大事
⑦unite v．联合；团结 ⑧defeat vt.击败；战胜
⑨congratulate v．祝贺；庆贺 ⑩congratulation n．祝贺
⑪decorate v．装饰 ⑫approach v．接近；临近

常用词块忆一忆
①hold a celebrating party　 　　　 举办庆祝晚会
②attend a ceremony 出席仪式
③gather more information about traditional culture
收集更多的传统文化信息
④hold a variety of activities 举办各种各样的活动
⑤a typical Chinese custom 传统的中国风俗习惯
⑥admire the full moon together 一起赏月
⑦in memory of 为了纪念
⑧watch the dragon boat race 观看龙舟比赛
⑨express people's gratitude/thanks to　 表达感激之情
⑩a traditional festival 传统节日
⑪have a dinner together 一起吃晚宴
⑫set off fireworks 燃放烟火
⑬a number of 一些
写作佳句背一背
①Besides, people in China will also hold a variety of activities to honour Qu Yuan, such as racing the dragon boat, eating zongzi and so on.
②The children are looking forward to receiving lucky money, playing happily with each other, and setting off fireworks excitedly.
③In addition, you will have a chance to learn how to make dumplings, which is a typical Chinese custom, where I believe you are sure to have great fun.
二、话题书面表达亮一点

假定你是李华，中秋节来临之际，你代表你们班向你校外教James发出邀请，请他参加你们班组织的中秋节晚会，内容包括：
1．时间和地点；
2．活动(赏月、品尝月饼等)；
3．其他……
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：农历the lunar
　　
[写作4步走]
第一步：句写对——给词写句

the Mid­Autumn Festival, attend, get together, admire, have great fun, hold a celebrating party, honour, have a dinner together, look forward to, a variety of, approach　　
1．中秋节即将来临。
The_Mid­Autumn_Festival_is_approaching.
2．我们班将于农历8月15日晚8：00在演讲大厅举办庆祝晚会。
Our_class_will_hold_a_celebrating_party_in_the_lecture_hall_at_8：00_p．m.on_the_fifteenth_day_of_the_eighth_lunar_month.
3．我非常荣幸代表我们班邀请你参加晚会。
It's_a_great_honour_to_invite_you_to_attend_the_party_on_behalf_of_our_class.
4．为这次晚会我们安排了各种各样的活动。
For_the_party_we_have_arranged_a_variety_of_events.
5．我们将一起吃晚宴。
We_will_have_a_dinner_together_with_you.
6．我们将聚集在一起，欣赏美丽的满月。
We_will_get_together,_admiring_the_beautiful_full_moon.
7．我相信在晚会上我们将玩得很开心。
I_believe_that_we_will_have_great_fun_at_the_party.
8．在你方便的时候给我回信我将不胜感激。
I'd_appreciate_it_if_you_could_reply_to_me_when_you_are_free.
9．我期待你的到来！
I'm_looking_forward_to_your_coming!
第二步：量写够——语句扩充
10．在句1中增加修饰语“中国最重要的传统节日之一”作同位语。
The_Mid­Autumn_Festival,_one_of_the_most_important_traditional_festivals_in_China,_is_approaching.
11．在句5增加定语从句“在此期间我们将品尝月饼”。
We_will_have_a_dinner_together_with_you,_during_which_we_will_enjoy_mooncakes.
第三步：语写美——词句升格
1．用连词as连接上面句2和句10。
As_the_Mid­Autumn_Festival,_one_of_the_most_important_traditional_festivals_in_China,_is_approaching,_our_class_will_hold_a_celebrating_party_in_the_lecture_hall_at_8：00_p．m._on_the_fifteenth_day_of_the_eighth_lunar_month.
2．用同位语从句升级句7。
I hold the firm belief that we will have great fun at the party.
3．用高频词汇升级句8“when you are free”。
I'd_appreciate_it_if_you_could_reply_to_me_at_your_earliest_convenience.
第四步：篇连顺——衔接成文
用at the beginning， what's more， as a consequence等词汇连句成文。
Dear_Professor_James，
As_the_Mid­Autumn_Festival,_one_of_the_most_important_traditional_festivals_in_China,_is_approaching,_our_class_will_hold_a_celebrating_party_in_the_lecture_hall_at_8：00_p．m.on_the_fifteenth_day_of_the_eighth_lunar_month.It's_a_great_honour_to_invite_you_to_attend_it_on_behalf_of_our_class.
For_the_party_we_have_arranged_a_variety_of_events.At_the_beginning,_we_will_have_a_dinner_together_with_you,_during_which_we_will_enjoy_mooncakes.What's_more,_we_will_get_together,_admiring_the_beautiful_full_moon.As_a_consequence,_I_hold_the_firm_belief_that_we_will_have_great_fun_at_the_party.
I'd_appreciate_it_if_you_could_reply_to_me_at_your_earliest_convenience.I'm_looking_forward_to_your_coming!
Yours，
Li_Hua

一、复现单元考点——增强备考信心
Ⅰ.高考中的语法填空
1．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)Running is cheap, easy and it's always energetic (energy)．If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give it a try.
2．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)Generally speaking, your arrival (arrive) shouldn't be later than the fixed time.
3．(2018·江苏高考)Technology is vital for agricultural (agriculture) development.
4．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)For many older people, particularly those living alone or in the country, driving is important for preserving their independence (independent), giving them the freedom to get out and about without having to rely on others.
5．(2017·浙江高考)And I do look forward to receiving (receive) your reply letter as soon as possible.
6．(2015·安徽高考)Food also plays an important role in many New Year celebrations (celebrate)．
7．(2015·天津高考)It can do things such as reminding an elderly family member to_take (take) medicine or taking family photos.
8．(2015·北京高考)He gathered (gather) a huge mass of snow and dug out a hole in the middle.
Ⅱ.高考中的完形填空
(选用obvious, permission, admire, remind, turn up填空)
1．(2017·浙江高考完形填空)She had asked the government for __41__ to move the books to a safe place, but they refused.So Alia took matters into her own hands.Secretly, she brought books home every night, filling her car late after work.permission
2．(2017·江苏高考完形填空)For a long time Gabriel didn't want to be involved in music at all.In his first years of high school, Gabriel would look pityingly at the music students, struggling across the campus with their heavy instrument cases, __37__ at school for practice hours before anyone else had to be there.He swore to himself to avoid music, as he hated getting to school extra early.turning_up
3．(2017·江苏高考完形填空)However, one day, in the music class that was part of his school's standard curriculum, he was playing idly (随意地) on the piano and found it easy to pick out tunes.With a sinking feeling, he realized that he actually enjoyed doing it.He tried to hide his __44__ pleasure from the music teacher, who had wandered over to listen.obvious
4．(2016·全国卷Ⅲ完形填空)His words freed me from my bad dreams.I thought to myself, how even without an arm he was more of a leader.Damaged but not defeated, he was still ahead of me.I was right to have __59__ him.From that day on, I grew bigger and a little more real.admired
5．(2014·天津高考完形填空)Back home, I __29__ myself that what my mother could do, I could, too.If she managed to live in Rio all by herself, I, too, could learn to be independent.I learnt how to take care of myself and set high but achievable goals.reminded
二、复现话题词汇——提高阅读准度
新高考下的命题新视角：每一个民族的文化节日都有其历史渊源、美妙传说、独特情趣和深厚的群众基础。中国的传统节日是中国文化瑰宝中的一部分，是彰显中华文明的重要形式，更是高考的热点，建议考生多多关注中国传统节日的起源、发展、庆祝方式等相关材料。
[话题感悟]
学习目标 ——语篇复现词汇，活学活用记忆更深
(加蓝词汇为本单元话题词汇，读文时请揣摩其用法)
[1] May Day, the first day of May, is celebrated as a spring festival in many countries.It marks the approach of summer.
[2] The English developed their May Day festival from the Roman festival called Floralia.In the festival of Floralia, the Romans gathered flowers to honor the goddess of spring, Flora.In the Middle Ages, May Day became the favorite holiday of many English villages.People gathered flowers to decorate their homes and churches, sang spring songs and chose a king and a queen of May.
[3] Villagers danced around a tall pole fixed upright in the ground, called a maypole, each holding the end of a ribbon attached to the top of the pole.They tied the ribbons around the pole until it was covered with bright colors.They collected dew (露水) on May Day morning and washed their faces with it because they believed that the dew on the day had the magic power to regain youth.
[4] Nowadays in Britain people no longer attach great importance to the day, but in some towns and villages people still celebrate it by choosing the May Queen and dancing around the maypole.May Queen is a girl selected as the most beautiful girl on May Day.She is usually crowned with flowers and often driven in procession through the street.In the United States, the day has never been celebrated with the same enthusiasm as in Britain.
[5] But in many American towns and cities, children celebrate the day with dancing and singing.They often gather flowers in handmade paper baskets and hang them on the doorknobs of the homes of their friends' and neighbors' on May Day morning.At May Day parties, children select May Queen, dance around the maypole, and sing May Day songs.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了欧洲国家的传统节日“五朔节”。
1．What do we know about the May Day in Britain in the Middle Ages?
A．People dressed in bright colors.
B．People celebrated it with enthusiasm.
C．People presented flowers to the goddess of spring.
D．People stayed at home instead of going to churches.
解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“In the Middle Ages, May Day became the favorite holiday ...king and a queen of May.”可知，在中世纪，英国人通过举行各种活动，热情地庆祝五朔节，故B项正确。
2．Why did people wash their faces with dew on May Day?
A．To bring good luck.　　　 B．To become prettier.
C．To get magic power. D．To get young again.
解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“They collected dew (露水) on May Day morning ...magic power to regain youth.”可知，人们在五朔节用露水洗脸，是因为他们相信五朔节当天的露水有恢复青春的魔力，故D项正确。
3．The Paragraph 4 is mainly developed ________.
A．by comparison B．by space
C．by process D．by classification
解析：选A　写作手法题。根据第四段第一句和最后一句可知，在美国，人们从来没有以像英国人那样的热情来庆祝这一节日。据此可以判断，该段是通过比较美国和英国如何庆祝该节日展开的，故A项正确。
4．Nowadays, many American children celebrate May Day with lots of activities EXCEPT ________.
A．hanging flowers on the doorknobs of their friends' homes
B．selecting May Queen and dancing around the maypole
C．gathering flowers in handmade paper baskets and singing May Day songs
D．collecting dew on May Day morning and washing faces
解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句和最后一段内容可知，用露水洗脸是中世纪英国人的做法，而不是现在美国儿童的做法，故选D。

学习目标 ——题后把脉规律，练后得法理解更透
推理判断技法(4)——掌握五种类型，巧解写作手法题
五种常用的写作手法：(1)列数据list data/statistics；(2)举例子give examples；(3)提问题ask questions；(4)作比较make comparisons；(5)分类别classify facts。
判断写作手法时，需注意是否有明显的提示词，如一系列的数据， example的字眼，than或比较级词汇的使用等。如第四段中末句含有比较意义的词汇the same ... as ...，可判断使用了比较手法，故第3题选A。