2021版高考英语（外研版）一轮复习学案：必修3Module2DevelopingandDevelopedCountries

三言两语1.We should be kind to one another, which is essential to enjoying a harmonious life.2．Nowadays more and more people have come to realize the fact that we shouldn't develop economy at the expense of the environment.3．In my opinion, this relationship should be filled with love, care, understanding, and respect, so we can exchange ideas freely and get along well with each other.1.当追求经济增长的时候，许多地区不关心环境问题。When_seeking the increase of economy, many areas_care_little_ about the environment.2．总之，过去20年里我们生活的变化给我们带来了便利和舒适。In a word, changes in our life in the past twenty years have_brought_us_ convenience_and_comfort.[单词　拼写应用]核心单词1． income n．收入2．poverty n．贫穷3．measure vt.测定；测量；评估4．position n．位置5．figure n．数字6．inhabitant n．居民7．smart adj.漂亮的；整洁的；时髦的8．exchange n．交换[语境运用]　用所给词的适当形式填空。1． Prices are rising sharply, while incomes(income) are falling far behind.2．The bridge measuring(measure) as long as 200 meters needs repairing.3．But，say experts，the computers will be much smarter(smart) in about 15 years' time.4．The latest unemployment figures(figure) reflect badly on the government's policies.5．A group discussion in class provides a chance for children to_exchange (exchange) their ideas.拓展单词1． hunger n．饥饿→hungry adj.饥饿的2．develop v．(使)发展→developed adj.发达的→developing adj.发展中的→development n．发展3．educate vt.教育；培养；训练→education n．教育4．crowd n．人群 v．聚拢→crowded adj.拥挤的5．similar adj.相似的→similarly adv.相似地；同样地→similarity n．类似；相似6．fortune n．幸运；运气→fortunate adj.幸运的→fortunately adv.幸运地→unfortunate adj.不幸的；遗憾的→unfortunately adv.不幸地7．industry n．工业→industrial adj.工业的8．pollute vt.污染→polluted_adj.受到污染的→pollution n．污染9．entertain vt.使欢乐→entertaining adj.使人愉快的→entertainment n．娱乐[语境运用]　用所给词的适当形式填空。1．With the development of economy, people's lives are becoming better and better.However, China, as a developing country, is different from America, which is a developed one.(develop)2．In order to give her good education，her parents sent her to a famous school to be educated.(educate)3．The two pictures are similar and it's easy to find many similarities between them.Similarly，you can also find some differences.(similar)4．It's unfortunate to be stuck in the rain.Even unfortunately，we couldn't find anyone to help us.At last we tried our fortune to find a shortcut.Fortunately we arrived home before dark.So we were also fortunate.(fortunate)5．Because of the heavy pollution,_many people in the town became ill because of the polluted air they breathed in.(pollute)6．The children in the mountain village have no entertainment,_so their teachers often tell entertaining_stories to entertain them after class.(entertain)阅读单词1． human n．(与动物等对比的)人2．goal n．目标3．homeless adj.无家可归的4．charity n．慈善团体5．freeway n．高速公路 6．location n．位置；所在地7．tourism n．旅游业8. transport n．交通工具9．vast adj.巨大的；庞大的；浩瀚的1．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)Handing out sliced oranges to bloodthirsty kids can be as exciting as watching your own kid score a goal.得分2．(2017·天津卷)What would she think if she knew that her figure is captured (捕捉) and frozen on some stranger's bedroom wall? 影像3．(2016·北京卷)To help you do that, your brain increases your hunger for new experiences.渴望4．(2015·全国卷Ⅰ)No matter how harsh the present or unpredictable the future, there's almost always some measure of joy to be extracted from the moment.程度   [短语　多维应用]高频短语1.at_the_top/bottom_of 在……顶端/底部2．make_progress 取得进步3．make_efforts 努力4．in_particular 尤其；特别5．as_a_result 因此；结果[语境运用]　选用左面短语的适当形式填空。In the beginning，Tom was poor in his studies，English ①in_particular. However，he ②made_efforts to catch up with others，and ③made_progress little by little.④As_a_result，he was ⑤at_the_top_of the exam list in the final exam.6.up_to 达到；忙于；胜任；由……决定7．make_sure 确定；确保；弄明白8．be_connected_with 与……有联系；与……有关9．be_close_to 接近；靠近10．increase...by (以……幅度)增加[语境运用]　选用左面短语的适当形式填空。Health problems ⑥are_connected_with bad eating habits and a lack of exercise.To ⑦make_sure we are in good health，we should eat healthily and ⑧be_close_to nature.In some ways it's ⑨up_to us to decide whether we are healthy or not.[句式　结构仿写]教材原句背诵句式仿写应用1. 表示对比的while连接的并列句。Norway is at the top of the list，while the US is at number 7.有些人浪费粮食，而有些人经常挨饿。Some people waste food while_others_often_go_hungry.2.主语＋be＋adj.＋to do。However, in other regions of the world, e．g.Eastern Europe, water is now mostly safe to drink.在很多人看来，尽管那家公司相对来说较小，人们却能够与之愉快合作。In many people's opinion, that company, although relatively small, is_pleasant_to_deal_with.3.although引导让步状语从句。Although more than 80% of children in developing countries go to primary school, about 115 million children are not being educated.因此，尽管钱对于幸福的生活是必要的，但它买不来幸福。Therefore，although_money_is_necessary_for_a_happy_life,_it can't buy happiness.4.of＋抽象名词。It's an agreement between towns or cities of similar size and age，and which have similar features such as tourism, industry, culture and entertainment.这两个孩子年龄相同，但身高不同。The two children are of_the_same_age，but are of_different_heights.1．measure vt.测定；测量；评估；有……长(或宽、高等) n．尺寸；措施be measured by/in 用……来衡量make ...to one's measure 按某人的尺寸做……take measures (to do sth.) 采取措施(做某事)the river measuring 100 meters wide 这条100米宽的河make some new clothes to her own measure 按照她自己的尺寸做几件新衣服take measures to fight against light pollution 采取措施与光污染做斗争[名师点津]　measure作名词表示“措施”时，常用其复数形式。作动词表示“有……长/宽/高”时，为不及物动词，不用于被动语态和进行时，若此意义的短语作后置定语，要用现在分词形式。[基础练习]——单句语法填空①The new bridge under construction, measuring (measure) twice as long as the old one, is due to be completed next month.②Education shouldn't be measured purely by/in examination results.③Right now, the government should take powerful measures(measure) to push the state's economy forward.[能力提升]——句式升级普通表达：There are some tall trees on the hill and some measure 30 meters.高级表达：There are some tall trees on the hill, some_measuring_30_meters.(独立主格)2．figure n．数字；图形；人物；体形；影像；人影 v．计算；想；估计；认为[一词多义]—— 写出下列句中figure的含义①(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)I figured whoever lost the dog was probably just as close to it as I am to my dogs.认为②(2017·江苏卷)Indeed official figures suggest the country has shrunk by 5% since 1993.数字③(2016·北京卷)As for my favorite figure in Chinese history, it must be Wei Yuan, a great thinker in the late Qing Dynasty.人物④(2016·全国卷Ⅲ )Sitting on a sofa in her room, Welty, a slim figure in a simple gray dress, looked pleased with this explanation.体形(1)keep one's figure 保持身材(2)figure out 想出，理解；弄明白，看透figure on 期待；指望；依赖figure in 把……列入计算/考虑范围(3)figure that 认为；认定the figure of the death in the mine 矿难的死亡人数figure out his income tax 算出他的所得税figure on some help from his brother 指望他哥哥的帮助introduce some famous historical figures to his students 向他的学生介绍几位著名的历史人物[基础练习]——单句语法填空①(2017·北京卷)If you don't understand something, you may research, study, and talk to other people until you figure it out.②We figured in the travel expenses but forgot the cost of meals.[能力提升]——完成句子为了保持体形，她开始了多吃水果和蔬菜、少吃肉的更健康的饮食。In_order_to_keep_her_figure,_she began eating a healthier diet of more fruits and vegetables, and less meat.3．up to直到；达到；到……为止；忙于；胜任；由……决定[一词多义] —— 写出下列句中up to的含义①(2019·全国卷Ⅰ )Some positions require students to be 15 to 24 or up to 29 for persons with a disability.达到②Don't worry.He is up to the job you offered him.胜任③The children are very quiet.I wonder what they are up to.忙于(1)live up to 不辜负look up to 尊敬；敬仰(2)It is up to sb.to do sth.由某人决定做某事It is up to you.随你的便/由你来决定。be fined up to 50,000 yuan 被罚款达50 000元spend up to seven hours a day using computers 每天使用电脑达7个小时care for her father up to the time of his recovery 照顾她父亲到他恢复为止[基础练习]——单句语法填空①(2015·陕西卷)I am sure that I can perfectly live up to your expectations.②Life just gives us time and space, it's up to us to_fill(fill) it.[能力提升]——完成句子由你决定今年夏天我们是否去北京度假。It's_up_to_you_to_decide whether we will go to Beijing for a holiday or not this summer.4．make efforts 努力(1)make an effort/efforts/every effort to do sth.尽一切努力做某事spare no effort (to do) 不遗余力(2)with effort 努力地，艰难地without effort 容易地，不费力地make efforts to translate our ideal into reality 努力把我们的理想变为现实make greater efforts to attract more viewers 努力吸引更多的观众spare no effort to beautify our environment 不遗余力地美化我们的环境[基础练习]——单句语法填空①(2016·江苏卷)More efforts(effort), as reported, will be made in the years ahead to accelerate the supply­side structural reform.②Food safety is very important, so the government spares no effort to_prevent (prevent) food pollution.[能力提升]——词汇升级普通表达：The moral of the story is: try to get knowledge and never get discouraged easily no matter how difficult the situation may be.高级表达：The moral of the story is: spare_no_effort_to_acquire knowledge and never get discouraged easily no matter how difficult the situation may be.5．(教材P12)Norway is at the top of the list, while the US is at number 7.挪威高居榜首，而美国则排在第七。[句型公式]　句中while作并列连词，意为“但是，然而”；表示一种对比关系。while用作连词的用法还有：(1)while引导时间状语从句，意为“当……时候”。(2)while引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然，尽管”。(3)while引导条件状语从句，意为“只要”。[金句推送]　(江苏卷)It is beneficial to some people, while it puts others into a dilemma over whether to vote or not.它对一些人有利，却把其他人推入到是否投票的尴尬境地。[基础练习]——写出下列句中while的含义①(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)While the sun's rays can age and harm our skin, they also give us beneficial Vitamin D．虽然，尽管②(2019·江苏卷)Li recommends the traditional Chinese dress while Su prefers the school uniform.然而；可是③(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)Interruptions are one of the worst things to deal with while you're trying to get work done.当……时候④While there is life, there is hope.只要[能力提升]——完成句子许多农村人开始到大城市里工作和生活，然而许多城里人却到农村去享受宁静的乡村生活。Many country people are beginning to work and live in big cities, while_many_city_people_are_coming_to_the_countryside_for_a_quiet_and_peaceful_life.6．(教材P19)It's an agreement between towns or cities of_similar_size_and_ age,_and which have similar features such as tourism, industry, culture and entertainment.这是大小和历史相似的城镇或城市之间的协议，它们有相似的特点，如：旅游业、工业、文化和娱乐等。[句型公式]　句中of similar size and age为“of ＋ 抽象名词”句式，该句型用来描述人或事物的特征，此结构在句中可作表语或定语。(1) “of＋抽象名词”可转化为相应的形容词。这类名词有value, use, importance, help, benefit, interest, concern 等。它们可用no, some, any, little, much, great 等词修饰。(2) 有些抽象名词没有相应的形容词形式，这类名词包括of后加表示度量、大小、颜色、类别等的抽象名词，如size, weight, height, width, depth, length, age, color, shape, kind, type等，名词前常用a(n), the same, this, that, similar, different等词修饰或说明。(3) of great ＋  抽象名词＝very ＋ 此名词相对应的形容词。[金句推送]　(重庆卷)It is all right for them to do whatever they want, but isn't it also of great importance to talk to the ones who show them selfless love? 他们做想做的事情没有问题，但和给予他们无私的爱的人交谈难道不也是非常重要的吗？[基础练习]——单句改错①The pair of shoes I bought yesterday is not in the same size.in→of②Your suggestion on how to solve the problem is of great valuable to us.valuable→value[能力提升]——一句多译我认为制定一个实用的计划并坚持下去将对我们非常重要。①I think making a practical plan and sticking to it will be of_great_importance to us.(importance)②I think making a practical plan and sticking to it will be very_important to us.(important)多维训练——夯实基础维度1——用所给词的正确形式填空1．We study in a classroom measuring(measure) 30 feet long and 20 feet wide.2．We should make great efforts(effort) to make up for the lost time.3．God gave us the gift of life; it is up to us to_give(give) ourselves the gift of living well.4．The bus was so crowded(crowd) that I had to stand all the way to the school.5．It is well­known that education plays an important part in the development (develop) of a country.维度2——在空白处填入一个适当的词1．Learning English is of great importance for our future's development.2．I can't figure out what it is that makes him so depressed recently.3．Some citizens are in favor of the plan, while others are strongly against it.4．It was a good concert.I enjoyed the last song in particular.5．Put your own name and present address at the bottom of the application form.维度3——查缺补漏(单句语法填空/单句改错)1．The city can provide much convenience and entertainment(entertain), and that's why many people can't bear to part with city life.2．He had an income of 1,000 yuan a month, so it was difficult for him to pay off the debts.3．Sales director is a position where communication ability is just as important as sales.4．The two countries are close to sign a peace agreement.sign→signing5．Many people in the village fell ill because of drinking the polluting water.polluting→polluted维度4——话题写作1．补全要点句(加黑体部分请利用本单元所学词汇)①随着经济的发展，大多数人的生活水平提高了。With_the_development_of_economy,_most people's living standard had arisen.②在这个地区，一些家庭仍然收入很低，生活在贫困中。In this region some_households_still_had_a_low_income and lived_in_poverty.③幸运的是，政府正在采取措施改变他们的生活。Fortunately,_the government was taking_measures to change their life.④政府正在努力提高经济的发展，例如，发展旅游业。The government was making_efforts_to_improve_the_development of economy, for example, developing_tourism.⑤他们认为教育很重要，所有的孩子都应该接受教育。They think education_is_very_important and all the children should_receive_ education.2．升级平淡句(1) 用while作并列连词合并句①和句②With_the_development_of_economy,_most_people's_living_standard_had_arisen_while_in_this_region_some_households_still_had_a_low_income_and_lived_in_poverty.(2)用“of＋ n．”改写句⑤并用access替代receiveThey_think_education_is_of_great_importance_and_all_the_children_should_have_access_to_education.3．衔接成美文(注意利用适当的过渡衔接词汇：firstly, secondly) With the development of economy, most people's living standard had arisen while in this region some households still had a low income and lived in poverty.Fortunately, the government was taking measures to change their life.Firstly the government was making efforts to improve the development of economy, for example, developing tourism.Secondly they think education is of great importance and all the children should have access to education.