2019届甘肃静宁县第一中学高三上学期第一次模拟考试英语试题（解析版）

2019届甘肃静宁县第一中学高三上学期第一次模拟考试英语试题（解析版）
本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。共120分。
第Ⅰ卷
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
About aspirin:
Aspirin is a commonly used drug which can be taken to relieve discomfort caused by numerous medical problems including headaches, toothache, inflammation and infections. It is also suitable to treat colds and flu-like symptoms, and to reduce a high temperature.
Who can take aspirin?
Adults and children over 16 years of age.
Who should not take aspirin?
Women who are pregnant, or plan to become pregnant. Aspirin may harm your unborn baby.
Women who are breast-feeding. Aspirin can pass into your breast milk and may harm your baby.
People who have any problems with the way the liver works or with the way the kidneys work.
How to take aspirin:
Take aspirin after meals, with a full glass of water or milk.
The recommended dose (剂量) ranges from two to three tablets at a time. Never take more than 4g 12 tablets) in any 24 -hour period.
You must not take these tablets with any other medicine which contains any aspirin or painkiller.
How to store aspirin:
Keep all medicines out of the reach and sight of children.
Store aspirin in a cool, dry place, away from direct heat and light.
Do not put aspirin in the bathroom because the dampness there can cause it to lose its effectiveness.
Throw away aspirin that smells strongly of vinegar.
Possible side effects:
Feeling sick, increased risk of bleeding, stomach pain, indigestion and heartburn are common. If these effects continue, contact your doctor.
Ringing in the ears, difficulty breathing, dizziness, and mental confusion are rare. If these occur, stop taking the drug and contact your doctor for further advice.
1. In which case will you take aspirin according to the text?
A. Stomachache. B. Fever.
C. Breathlessness. D. Nosebleed.
2. How many times can you take aspirin at most in a day?
A. 6. B. 5.
C. 4. D. 3.
3. What type of writing is this text?
A. A hospital announcement. B. A medical report.
C. A doctor’s suggestions list. D. Medical instructions.
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D
【解析】
本文属于说明文，介绍阿司匹林的作用和注意事项。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段It is also suitable to treat colds and flu-like symptoms, and to reduce a high temperature.可知，阿司匹林可以退烧，故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段The recommended dose (剂量) ranges from two to three tablets at a time. Never take more than 4g 12 tablets) in any 24 -hour period.可知，每次2-3片，一天不能超过12片，最多六次，故选A。
【3题详解】
主旨大意题。本文属于说明文，介绍阿司匹林的作用和注意事项，因而是一篇药物使用说明书，故选D。
B
A five-year-old dog named Kelsey has been praised as a hero for helping to save the life of her owner who slipped in the snow and broke his neck.
The man, Bob, was alone when he left his Michigan farmhouse on New Year’s Eve to collect firewood. Expecting a journey of only several meters, Bob was wearing just long johns (衬裤), a shirt and slippers when he went outside, although the temperature was around -4℃.
After the accident, he was unable to move in the snow. Fortunately, Kelsey came to his assistance.
"I was shouting for help, but my nearest neighbor is about 400 meters away, and it was 10:30 pm, Bob explained." But my Kelsey came. By the next morning, my voice was gone and I couldn’t yell for help, but Kelsey didn’t stop barking."
Kelsey's companion kept him warm by lying on top of him. She licked his face and hands to keep him awake." Kelsey kept barking but never left my side," Bob recalled. "She kept me warm. I knew I couldn’t give up and that it was my choice to stay alive."
Bob spent 20 hours in the freezing cold. When he finally lost consciousness, his dog kept barking. Finally, hearing the barking, Bob's neighbor discovered him at 6:30 pm on New Year’s Day and called the emergency services at once. When Bob arrived in hospital, his body temperature was below 21℃. However, doctors were surprised to find that he didn't have any frostbite (冻疮). They believed it was because of Kelsey's determination to keep him warm, Dr. Chaim Colen, the doctor who treated Bob, said, "Animals can help and his dog really saved him... He was very fortunate.”
Bob said he was "enormously" grateful to both Dr. Colen and his Kelsey, "They saved my life, They are truly heroes!"
4. What happened to Bob on New Year's Eve?
A. He left his dog alone in his farmhouse.
B. He was praised for saving a dog owner.
C. He broke his neck and couldn't move.
D. He heard his neighbor's shouting for help.
5. Why did Kelsey keep barking?
A. To keep warm. B. To stay alive,
C. To keep Bob awake. D. To seek help from others.
6. How does Dr. Chaim Colen feel about Kelsey?
A. Helpful. B. Fortunate.
C. Grateful. D. Friendly.
7. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. A Neck-breaking Accident B. The Magic Night
C. Warmth on a Winter's Night D. Determination to Keep Alive
【答案】4. C 5. D 6. A 7. C
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一只名叫Kelsey的5岁的小狗帮助在雪中滑倒摔断了脖子的主人，挽救了主人的生命而被誉为英雄。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“to save the life of her owner who slipped in the snow and broke his neck.”挽救了在雪中滑倒摔断了脖子的主人；以及第三段中的“ After the accident, he was unable to move in the snow. ”事故发生后，在雪中他不能动。故选C。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第六段中的“When he finally lost consciousness, his dog kept barking. Finally, hearing the barking, Bob's neighbor discovered him at 6:30 p.m. on New Year's Day and called the emergency services at once.”当他最终失去知觉时，他的狗不停地叫。最后，Bob的邻居听到了狗叫在新年那天下午六点半发现了他，并且立刻给急救部门打电话。可知狗一只叫是为了向他人求助，故选A。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第六段中的“However, doctors were surprised to find that he didn't have any frostbite (冻疮). They believed it was because of Kelsey's determination to keep him warm.”但是，医生惊讶地发现他没有冻伤。他们认为是因为 Kelsey让他保持温暖的决心。可知Chaim Colen认为 Kelsey帮助很大，故选D。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。纵观全文可知，本文讲述了一只名叫Kelsey的5岁的小狗帮助在雪中滑倒摔断了脖子的主人，在寒冷的除夕夜为主人取暖，挽救了主人的生命，故C符合做文章标题，故选C。
【点睛】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
C
Our mother earth is going through a very tough situation and we, the entire human race, are destroying our environment or unconsciously without even realizing its consequences. Now we have to act very smartly and plan something to sustain what we still have, getting all necessary support from nature to lead healthy lives.
Gardening is always an excellent and environmentally friendly idea. If you can go for sustainable gardening, then it will be even more useful for all. Gardening is a favorite hobby for many. It is time to channelize your hobby towards a more meaningful motivation.
When we do gardening we need to use different ingredients to grow plants. Some of them are natural resources like water, soil, sunshine, and many things like this. Using these resources smartly is a part of sustainable gardening. Some simple techniques include: use less water and organic things to grow plants; try to store rainwater so that you can use them for gardening; try using less energy to drive devices; avoid using plastics in any form while gardening; reuse the leaves from your garden to fertilize them. These are the basic sustainable measures. To do so we need to have proper knowledge about gardening and its requirements so that we can use proper resources without wasting any of them.
In today’s busy life we don’t get much time to spend on our environment. Gardening gives us a chance to do so. We can also have some pesticide-free and fresh food if we grow them in our garden. This is the right time to do some good to protect our own environment and gardening is one of the easiest ways. Do you want to start gardening, but you’re not sure how? Click here: http://www. gardenhowto. com.
8. What does the underlined word “channelize" in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A. Cause. B. Transform.
C. Direct. D. Associate.
9. Which of the following belongs to a sustainable measure?
A. Using advanced electrical machines.
B. Avoiding fertilizers.
C. Watering plants with collected rainwater.
D. Clearing away the leaves.
10. What is the benefit of sustainable gardening?
A. It requires little water. B. It needs no fertilizer.
C. It breaks up plastics. D. It doesn't waste any resource.
11. Where is the passage probably taken from?
A. A newspaper. B. The Internet.
C. A guidebook. D. A science report.
【答案】8. C 9. C 10. D 11. B
【解析】
本文属于说明文，介绍为了保护地球，我们需要发展可持续性事业，本文重点介绍怎样合理利用资源发展园艺，不浪费资源，不产生对环境有害的物质。
【8题详解】
词义猜测题。本句中channelize来源于channel渠道，频道，根据已有的意思于选项相结合可知，channelize为指导，导向的意思，故选C。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段try to store rainwater so that you can use them for gardening可知，使用存储的雨水来浇灌植物，是属于可持续发展的措施，故选C。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第三段To do so we need to have proper knowledge about gardening and its requirements so that we can use proper resources without wasting any of them.可知，用这样的方法，可以合理利用资源，不浪费资源，故选D。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段Click here: http://www. gardenhowto. com.可知，本文来源于网站，故选B。
D
Many people have long dreamed of being able to fly around as simply as riding a bicycle. Yet the safety and strength of a flying bike was always a big problem. Over the past 10 years, developments in technology have moved the dream of personal flying vehicles closer to reality. Now, two groups of inventors say such vehicles may be available soon.
The British company Malloy Aeronautics has developed a prototype (原型) of its flying bicycle. Grant Stapleton, marketing sales director of Malloy Aeronautics, says the Hoverbike is able to get in and out of small spaces very quickly." It can be moved across continents very quickly because it can be folded and packed," he adds.
Mr. Stapleton says safety was the company's main concern. He says the designers solved the safety issue by using overlapping rotors to power the vehicle.
The company is testing a full-size prototype of the Hoverbike, which will most likely be used first by the police and emergency rescue teams.
In New Zealand, Martin Aircraft Company is also testing a full-size prototype of its personal flying device, called the Jetpack. It can fly for more than 30 minutes, up to 1, 000meters high and reach a speed of 74 kilometers per hour.
Peter Coker is the CEO of Martin Aircraft Company. He said the Jetpack "is built around safety from the start". In his words, “Reliability is the most important element of it. We have safety built into the actual structure itself, very similar to a Formula One racing car.
The Jetpack uses a gasoline-powered engine that produces two powerful jet streams. Mr. Coker says it also has a parachute that would be used, if there should be an emergency. "It starts to work at very low altitude and actually saves both the aircraft and the pilot," he adds. Mr. Coker says the Jetpack will be ready for sale soon.
12. We can learn from the passage that the Hoverbike
A. can hardly get in and out of small spaces quickly.
B. can fly for over 30 minutes, up to l, 000 meters high.
C. has been used by the police and emergency rescue teams.
D. can be transported quickly after being folded and packed.
13. Peter Coker uses the example of Formula One racing car to show that
A. the Jetpack is very safe and reliable.
B. the engine of the Jetpack is powerful.
C. the actual structure of the Jetpack is unique
D. the Jetpack can reach a great speed and height
14. The underlined word "It" in the last paragraph refers to .
A. the jet stream B. the engine
C. the Jetpack. D. the parachute
15. What is the author’s main purpose of writing the passage?
A. To describe the problems of inventing flying vehicles.
B. To introduce the latest development of flying vehicles.
C. To show the differences between two flying vehicles.
D. To advertise the two personal flying vehicles.
【答案】12. D 13. A 14. D 15. B
【解析】
本文为说明文。文章主要讲述一种个人飞行工具很快就会应用于现实，然而安全性和强度一直是个大问题，文中介绍了两家研发飞行器的公司的最新的产品，新产品把安全放在首位，并对产品进行了改进。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段最后the Hoverbike is able to get in and out of small spaces very quickly. It can be moved across continents very quickly because it can be folded and packed, 可知，Hoverbike能够很快地进出小空间。它可快速地在大陆上移动，因为它可以折叠和包装。分析选项可知，A说不能快速进入小空间，故错误。D项说在折叠和包装后可以快速运输，D正确。根据第五段最后一句可知，the Jetpack可飞行30分钟，高达1000米，而不是Hoverbike，故B错误。根据第四段The company is testing a full-size prototype of the Hoverbike, which will most likely be used first by the police and emergency rescue teams.
可知，Hoverbike是体验可能首先应用于警察和紧急救援队，而不是已用于，故C错误。
【点睛】通常细节题的正确选项有以下特征：1.对原文句子中的关键词进行替换。把原文中的一些词换成意义相近的词，成为正确选项。如D项就是对原句的关键词进行了替换。原文说能快速进入小空间，在陆地上快速移动，是因为它能折叠和包装。而D项说折叠和包装后可快速运输。2.词性或者语态的变化。把原文中的一些词变换一下词性，或者改变原文句子的时态或语态，给考生制造障碍。如C项把未然当成已然（句中的将来进表未做，C项完成表完成）3.语言简化。把原文中的复杂语言现象进行简化，成为正确答案。4.张冠李戴的手法来迷惑考生。把A的观点说成B的观点等。如选项B项。所以做题时要仔细地辩认。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。第六段Peter Coker说Jetpack从一开始就围绕安全进行的，安全可靠性是最重要的因素。我们在车的现行结构中植入了安全性，非常类似于Formula One赛车。分析选可知A项（Jetpack安全可靠）符合题意，故选A项。
【14题详解】
猜测词义题。根据最后一段Mr. Coker says it also has a parachute (降落伞) that can be used should there be an emergency. “It starts to work at very low altitude …., （Coker先生说Jetpack上也有降落伞，可以在紧急情况下使用。“在海拔非常低的情况下开始用它…”。）可知，Jetpack上的降落伞（它）是在海拔低时才用。由此可知it指的是parachute (降落伞) 故选D项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段可知，许多人一直梦想能像骑自行车一样简单的飞来飞去，科技的发展让这个梦想很快实现。然而飞行自行车的安全性和强度一直是个大问题。接着下面叙述了两家研发飞行器的公司的最新的产品，新产品把安全放在首位。分析选项，可知B项（介绍飞行器的最新发展）符合文意。故选B。
第二节（共5小题：每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
While your teen may get by OK by waiting until the last possible second to complete his high school science experiment or his math project, procrastination (拖延症) can be a big problem later in life. Your teen’s future boss or college professors aren’t likely to accept late work-- or the excuses that accompany delayed projects.___16___That means managing his time wisely without requiring constant reminders of assistance from you to get his work done. Here are some steps you can take to teach your teen essential time management skills:
___17___If you’re always running late or you miss a lot of deadlines, your teen will follow suit. Practice managing your own time wisely and show your teen that you can accomplish the most important tasks in any given day.
Encourage your teen to write down his schedule. Your teen’s time may easily get taken up with video games or social media if he's not careful. Teach him to schedule his day so he can set aside time for chores, homework, and other responsibilities.___18___Then, time doesn’t idly pass without feeling like he hasn’t done anything fun.
Help your teen prioritize( 划分优先顺序) activities.___19___A basketball game and birthday party may coincide. Talk to your teen about how to prioritize activities, based on his values and commitments.
Avoid nagging (唠叨). It can be annoying to nag your teen or offer repeat reminders.___20___Set rules about your expectations and follow through with consequences when necessary. Then, your teen will learn to manage his time better in the future.
A. Model good time management habits.
B. Encourage him to schedule free time as well.
C. Encourage your teen to establish healthy habit.
D. it’s common for teens to have conflicts in their schedules
E. It’s important to teach your teen how to behave responsibly.
F. As a result, many of them have to learn how to manage their time repeatedly.
G. and telling your teen to do his work over and over again reduces his responsibility.
【答案】16. E 17. A
18. B 19. D
20. G
【解析】
本文属于说明文，介绍帮助孩子树立时间管理意识的培养的建议。
【16题详解】
根据下句That means managing his time wisely without requiring constant reminders of assistance from you to get his work done可知，那就意味着不需要父母的经常提醒就能够很好的管理好时间，从而完成任务，与E选项，教会孩子对自己负责很重要，与下句中that呼应 ，故切题，选E。
【17题详解】
观察本文结构可知，本文属于总分结构，本空为本段的小标题，根据本段中If you’re always running late or you miss a lot of deadlines, your teen will follow suit.可知，本段主要讲述父母要为孩子树林榜样，故A选项符合。
【18题详解】
根据本空下一句Then, time doesn’t idly pass without feeling like he hasn’t done anything fun.可知，不会让孩子感觉自己没有做一些有意义的事情，故与B选项，让孩子自由支配他们的空闲时间，切题，故选B。
【19题详解】
根据本空后一句A basketball game and birthday party may coincide.可知，举例说明时间冲突很常见，故与D选项符合，故选D。
【20题详解】
根据本段小标题Avoid nagging (唠叨).可知，本段主要阐述唠叨对孩子的弊端，故G选项符合。
第二部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
It was a cool October evening. Excitement and family members___21___the hall. I was only a 7-year-old girl, but I was the center of___22___. Finally, after weeks of preparation, I would___23___all my hard work in a dance of performance. Everything would be___24___—so I thought. I waited backstage all___25___ in my black tights with a golden belt. In a loud and clear voice, the master of ceremonies___26___that my class was next.
My dance class was doing a routine on wooden boxes two feet by two feet, facing the___27___. All I had to do in the next move was to put one foot on the box next to mine and keep my other foot on my box. It really was an ___28___move. I was concentrating so much ___29___the huge smile on my face and holding my head up that I did not look ___30___I was going. I missed my partner’s box altogether and ___31___.There I was standing on the stage floor when my classmates were on top of their boxes. I could hear giggles(咯咯笑) coming from the audience, and I felt the___32___rush to my face. I remembered my dance teacher had told us, “If you make a mistake, keep smiling so the audience will not___33___.I did my best to follow her___34___as I continued with the routine.
When the curtain dropped, so did my___35___for the evening. I___36___bitterly, tasting the salt from the tears that streamed down my face. I ran backstage, but no one could___37___me down.
Recently I realized I had been a___38___that night. I was ___39___but I fought the urge to run off the stage.___40___I finished the routine with a smile on my face. Now when friends and family laugh about the time I slipped during a dance performance, I can laugh too.
21. A. filled B. attended C. decorated D. visited
22. A. impression B. debate C. attention D. pressure
23. A. show off B. take over C. give up D. look after
24. A. obvious B. reasonable C. suitable D. perfect
25. A. mixed up B. dressed up C. folded up D. covered up
26. A. explained B. suggested C. announced D. predicted
27. A. music B. audience C. stage D. curtain
28. A. active B. adventurous C. easy D. extra
29. A. containing B. hiding C. sharing D. keeping
30. A. why B. what C. whether D. where
31. A. slipped B. wandered C. skipped D. waved
32. A. pride B. pleasure C. tear D. blood
33. A. leave B. cheer C. notice D. believe
34. A. advice B. gesture C. example D. plan
35. A. hopes B. voice C. patience D. doubts
36. A. argued B. shouted C. begged D. sobbed
37. A. turn B. calm C. let D. put
38. A. pioneer B. star C. loser D. fool
39. A. moved B. embarrassed C. satisfied D. confused
40. A. Instead B. However C. In return D. In total
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. B 26. C 27. B 28. C 29. D 30. D 31. A 32. D 33. C 34. A 35. A 36. D 37. B 38. B 39. B 40. A
【解析】
试题分析:
【21题详解】
本句句意应为“家人们挤满了演出大厅，大厅里充满了兴奋的情绪”，表示“充满、挤满”用filled。
【22题详解】
根据上文语境可知我成为大家关注的中心。Attention 关注 pressure 压力 impression 印象 debate 争论。
【23题详解】
最终，在几周的准备之后，我将通过舞蹈表演来展示我辛勤劳动的成果。show off显示，炫耀 take over 接管 look after 照看 give up 放弃。
【24题详解】
根据后面的描述可知作者的这次表演失败了，所以本句句意应为“一切都应该是完美的--- 我是这样认为的。” reasonable表示“合乎情理的”；suitable表示“合适的，适宜的”；obvious 表示“明显的”； perfect表示“完美的”。D相符合逻辑。
【25题详解】
. 本句描述了自己的穿戴，所以句意应为“我等在后台，穿着黑色的紧身衣，扎着金色的腰带。”表示“盛装打扮”用dress up，fold up 折叠；cover up 盖住；mix up混淆。
【26题详解】
本句句意应为“典礼的主持人清晰地大声宣布下面表演的是我们班。”表示“宣布”用announced。
【27题详解】
演出自然少不了观众，演员们要面对观众表演，所以本句句意应为“我们的舞蹈班成员在一个两英尺见方的箱子上做固定的动作，面向观众。”所以B项正确。
【28题详解】
由语境“我保持微笑...”可知作者此时非常自得。本句句意应为“我的动作真的非常简单”，所以C项符合句意。
【29题详解】
作者在本句中描述了出现失误前我的表演，本句句意应为“我脸上带着微笑，高昂着头，注意力如此集中以至于我没有看到我的脚伸向了哪里。”表示“保持某种状态”用keep，所以D项正确。contain表示“包含”; hide表示“躲藏”；share表示“分享”；keep表示“保持，保存”。
【30题详解】
这里用where 引导状语从句表示地点：我只顾着笑对观众，却没有注意自己的脚下。
【31题详解】
下文I slipped during a performance可知“我没踩上同伴的箱子，滑倒了。”所以使用slip。
【32题详解】
自己的表演出现了失误，肯定非常尴尬，所以本题句意应为“我能够听到观众席上传来的咯咯笑声，我感到血冲上了脸。”应选择D项。
【33题详解】
如果出错，但保持微笑可以使观众注意不到你的错误。leave离开；cheer欢呼；believe相信，均不符合题意。
【34题详解】
下文as I continued with the routine可知我努力按老师说的做。follow one’s advice, 按某人说的做。
【35题详解】
根据作者的描述可知，作者本来是想要表现一下的，结果却出现了失误，所以自己的希望落空了，因此本句句意应为“当幕布落下，我的希望也落空了。”故A项符合语境。
【36题详解】
由后文的tasting the salt from the tears可知作者哭了起来，所以本句句意应为“我哭了起来”，故D项正确。
【37题详解】
上文I sobbed bitterly可知在当时的情境下，自然没有人能一下子使她情绪稳定下来，所以应该用calm down表示“使……平静“。turn down 拒绝 let down 失望 put down放下。
【38题详解】
从最后一段I finished the routine with a smile on my face可知我依然按要求完成舞蹈动作，并没有因失误而半途而废。事情过去这么多年后，作者能够回过头来重新审视自己，所以本句句意应为“近来我认识到那天晚上我就是一个明星。”所以B项符合语境。
【39题详解】
根据前面的叙述可知作者当时的失误使得自己非常尴尬，所以本句句意应为“我当时很尴尬，但是我克制住了自己冲出舞台的冲动。”所以B项符合句意。
【40题详解】
分析上下文逻辑可知，此处表示我没有走掉而是坚持到演完，所以本句句意应为“相反地，我脸上带着微笑完成了动作。” instead : 替代关系，进一步说明之意， however: 仅表示转折关系。
考点：本文是一篇记叙文
点评：讲述作者在7岁时在一次舞蹈表演时出现失误，从自信到沮丧的思想变化过程。答题前一定要读懂全文，弄清文章要表达的思想，注意前后段落之间的关系。答题中，一定要认真分析，注意选项与上下文的关系，与前后单词的关系。对于一时没有太大的把握的题可以放到最后再来完成，因为有时答案可以从下文内容体现出来。答完后再通读一篇文章，看看所选选项能不能是语句通顺，语意连贯。
第Ⅱ卷
第二节 （共10分；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
The Great Wall was listed as a World Heritage by UNESCO in 1987. Just like a dragon, it winds up and down across deserts, grasslands and mountains,___41___( run) approximately 21,196 kilometers from east to west.
The___42___( construct) of the Great Wall was not that easy,___43___drew heavily on the local resources for building materials. The walls were___44___( original) built in the Spring & Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. Emperor Qin Shi Huang succeeded in his effort to have them joined together. Since then, the Great Wall___45___( serve) as a monument of the Chinese nation throughout history.
With___46___history of about 2,700 years, some parts of the Great Wall are now ___47___ruins or have disappeared. However, the Great Wall of China is still one of the most appealing___48___(attraction) all around the world owing to its historical significance. The best-known part of the Great Wall of China, Badaling ,___49___locate) 43 miles northwest of Beijing, attracts thousands of national and foreign tourists every day.
Today, the Great Wall___50___(recognize) as one of the most important impressive architectural achievements in history.
【答案】41. running
42. construction
43. which 44. originally
45. has served
46. a 47. in
48. attractions
49. located
50. is recognized
【解析】
本文属于说明文，介绍长城的历史和历史意义。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：长城蜿蜒崎岖，穿过沙漠、草地和大山，从东往西大约21,196公里。分析句子可知，run在句中作非谓语，与其逻辑主语it为主谓关系，故用现在分词修饰running。
【42题详解】
考查名词。句意：长城的修建并不是那么的容易，充分利用当地的资源来修建。分析句子可知construct在句中作主语，故用名词形式construction。
【43题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：长城的修建并不是那么的容易，充分利用当地的资源来修建。分析句子可知，drew heavily on the local resources for building materials.为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词construction，从句中缺乏主语，故用关系代词which。
【44题详解】
考查副词。句意：城墙最初修建于春秋战国时期。修饰动词built用副词，故用originally。
【45题详解】
考查现在完成时。句意：从那时起，长城就是中国的象征。由于句中有since then，因而需用现在完成时，has served。
【46题详解】
考查冠词。句意：大约2700年的历史，长城的有些部分已经成为废墟或者消失。本句为短语a history of 有…的历史，故用不定冠词a。
【47题详解】
考查介词。句意：大约2700年的历史，长城的有些部分已经成为废墟或者消失。本句为短语in ruins成为废墟，故用介词in。
【48题详解】
考查名词。句意：由于它的历史意义，长城依然是全世界最吸引人的旅游景点之一。本句为结构one of+名词复数，故用attractions。
【49题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：长城最著名的部分，八达岭长城，位于北京西北方向43英里，每天吸引了国内外大量的游客。分析句子可知，locate在句中作非谓语，与其逻辑主语the great wall为动宾关系，故用过去分词形式located。
【50题详解】
考查一般现在时的被动语态。句意：如今，长城被视为历史上最重要的建筑成就之一。分析句子可知，本句缺乏谓语，与其主语为动宾关系，故用被动语态is recognized。
第三部分 写作（共两节 满分35）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
There is too many people and too many pollution on the earth. If we moved to the moon one day，how would life be like there?
In my opinion, life would be much more comfort on the moon than on the earth. There wouldn't be pollution or traffic jam. We could go wherever we like in one minute by the spaceship, which would be much fast than a train or an airplane. We would eat whatever you like without being concerned unhealthy ingredients. This is a place where I am always dreaming about.
【答案】
【解析】
【分析】
本文属于议论文，作者想去的地方是月球上的生活，并想象了月球上的生活。
【详解】第一处：考查主谓一致。句意：地球上有太多的人和污染。本句为there be句型，主语为too many people为复数，故用are。
第二处：考查形容词。句意：地球上有太多的人和污染。Pollution为不可数名词，故用much修饰。
第三处：考查特殊疑问词。句意：如果有一天我们移民到月球的话，生活会怎么样呢？分析句子成分可知，本句缺乏like的宾语，故用特殊疑问词what。
第四处：考查形容词。句意：与地球相比，月球上的生活会更舒适。分析句子可知be动词后接形容词，故用comfortable。
第五处：考查名词复数。句意：月球上不会有污染和交通堵塞。Traffic jam交通堵塞为可数名词，故用复数形式jams。
第六处：考查冠词。句意：我们可以乘坐飞船去想去的对方，乘坐飞船比坐火车或者飞机要快得多。本句为by spaceship乘飞船，故去掉the。
第七处：考查形容词比较级。句意：我们可以乘坐飞船去想去的对方，乘坐飞船比坐火车或者飞机要快得多。本句为比较级结构，故用比较级形式faster。
第八处：考查人称代词。句意：我们可以吃想吃的东西，而不用担心原材料被污染。分析句子可知，本句主语为we，故用第一人称we。
第九处：考查介词。句意：我们可以吃想吃的东西，而不用担心原材料被污染。本句为短语be concerned about担忧，故加介词about。
第十处：考查定语从句关系代词。句意：这是一个我梦想去的地方。分析句子可知，where I am always dreaming about为定语从句修饰先行词place，从句缺乏about的宾语，故用关系代词which/that，由于关系代词作宾语，故也可以省略。
【点睛】关于定语从句中关系词的省略。引导词在从句的学习中向来十分重要，在定语从句中，有些引导词可以互换使用，有些引导词常常可以省略，但在一些特定的情况下，相应的引导词不能被省略。首先要注意的是，只有在限定性定语从句中引导词才能看情况省略，而在非限定性定语从句中，引导词绝对不能被省略。定语从句引导词省略有以下几种情况：
关系代词指代先行词在定语从句中作表语时只用that，但时常省略。例如：She is no longer the girl that she used to be. 她不再是过去那个女孩儿了。
以the way为先行词的限制性定语从句，通常以in which或 that 引导，但通常省略in which或 that。例如：The way (in which) he spoke to his classmates was unfriendly. 他跟同学说话的方式并不友好。
以reason为先行词的限制性定语从句，如果先行词reason在定语从句中做状语，通常以why引导，但人们通常省略why。例如：That is the real reason (why) they left their hometown. 那是他们离开家乡的真正原因。
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.假定你是李华，计划申请英国的一所学校学习，希望你的英国朋友Tony帮忙推荐学校，请给他写封邮件，内容包括:
1.自我情况介绍;
2.期望推荐学校;
3.表示感谢。
注意:词数100左右;
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Tony,
How is everything going? I’m planning to study in the UK, but I have no idea which school I should choose. Could you give me some advice?
I do well in listening and reading but have trouble in writing and speaking. So are there any schools aiming at improving students' writing and speaking abilities? What's more, I don't want to study all the time. It's boring. I prefer a school that can offer some courses in sailing, volleyball, boating or other sports besides language study. I would appreciate it if you could offer some suggestions.
Looking forward to your early reply,
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】
本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求写一封求助信。
【详解】根据提示可知，本篇为书信，要求写一封求助信，时态应为一般现在时。关键要点如下：①计划申请英国的一所学校学习；②自我情况介绍；③期望推荐学校；④表示感谢。
第二步：根据关键要点，确定关键词，如：study in the UK（去英国学习），writing and speaking abilities（写和说的能力）等。
第三步：根据提示及关键词进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题以及句子结构完整。
第四步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，使之自然流畅，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面。
【点睛】本篇范文结构清晰，内容完整，过渡衔接严谨自然，符合演讲稿的要求，其中不乏亮点句型。
现在分词作定语，So are there any schools aiming at improving students' writing and speaking abilities?
限制性定语从句的使用，I prefer a school that can offer some courses in sailing, volleyball, boating or other sports besides language study.