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山东省枣庄市2020届高三模拟考试（二调）英语试题
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2020届高三模拟考试英语试题
注意事项：
1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 阅读（共两节；满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Deciduous forests(落叶林) are home to many wild animals. The development and expansion of human presence in the forests has caused many of their native species to become endangered.
Giant Panda
The giant panda, one of the most recognizable endangered species, is a large, docile species of bear native to the deciduous forest of eastern China, Myanmar and Vietnam. Because of its lim-ited diet— the panda’ s main source of food is bamboo— the species is limited in its habitat to areas where bamboo is available. Now the species only can be found today in 20 small patches of forest at the western edge of its historic range.
Gray and Red Wolves
The gray wolf, which once ranged from the East Coast of America to the West, and south to Mexico, now has a population of only 5, 000 in the lower 48 states, mostly in the Rocky Mountains. The smaller red wolf, native to the southeastern United States, was declared extinct in the wild in 1980, though conservation efforts have reintroduced small captive populations to the wild in California.
Red-Crowned Crane
The red-crowned crane is native to Japan, Korea and eastern China. Agricultural expansion and deforestation (森林砍伐) in these areas have removed a great deal of the marshes and forests that are the crane’ s primary habitats. For a time, the crane was thought to have completely disappeared from Japan, but the recent discovery of cranes in Japanese marshlands has restarted conservation efforts. Today, around 2, 500 cranes live in the wild, including 1,000 in Japan.
European Mink
Native to Europe, the European mink ranges from France in the west to Finland in the north, Russia in the east and the Balkans in the south. Destruction of the mink’ s aquatic (水的) habitat and use of the species for fur have caused dramatic drops in the species’ population, which has been reduced by 85 percent since the mid-19th century.
1. What has caused the wild animals to become endangered?
A. Global warming. B. International trade.
C. Environmental pollution. D. The invasion of mankind.
2. Which species is native to North America?
A. European Mink. B. Red Wolves.
C. Red － Crowned Crane. D. Giant Panda.
3. Which is mentioned as the reason for the decline of European minks?
A. The loss of their natural food. B. The hunting of human beings.
C. Drought and forest fires. D. Excessive deforestation.
4. What is the purpose of the text?
A. To call for more efforts to protect forests.
B. To study the living habits of wild animals.
C. To introduce some endangered species.
D. To find ways to protect wild animals.
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. B 4. C
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇应用文，介绍了大熊猫、灰狼和红狼、丹顶鹤以及欧洲水貂等几种濒临灭绝的以落叶林为栖息地的野生动物。
1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The development and expansion of human presence in the forests has caused many of their native species to become endangered.”可知，人类向落叶林的发展和扩张已经导致许多当地物种濒临灭绝，故D项正确。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The smaller red wolf， native to the southeastern United States”可知，红狼原产于美国东南部，是北美的本土动物，故B项正确。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Destruction of the mink’ s aquatic habitat and use of the species for fur have caused dramatic drops in the species’ population”可知，水貂的水生栖息地遭到破坏，人类捕杀水貂制作皮草，导致水貂种群数量急剧下降，故B项正确。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中的“The development and expansion of human presence in the forests has caused many of their native species to become endangered.”可知，人类向落叶林的发展和扩张已经导致许多当地物种濒临灭绝，下文就介绍了大熊猫、灰狼和红狼、丹顶鹤以及欧洲水貂等几种濒临灭绝的以落叶林为栖息地的野生动物，由此可知本文的目的是介绍一些濒临灭绝的物种，故C项正确。
【点睛】本篇第4题D项干扰性较大，有些同学会认为这篇文章是为了寻找保护野生动物的方法而误选此项，但根据第一段中的“The development and expansion of human presence in the forests has caused many of their native species to become endangered.”可知，人类向落叶林的发展和扩张已经导致许多当地物种濒临灭绝，下文就客观地介绍了大熊猫、灰狼和红狼、丹顶鹤以及欧洲水貂等几种濒临灭绝的以落叶林为栖息地的野生动物，由此可知本文的目的是介绍一些濒临灭绝的物种。
B
No books, no whiteboards, no markers or pens. That’s the new reality for many classrooms across Abu Dhabi, the capital city of the United Arab Emirates ( UAE) , where a company is using artificial intelligence (AI) to create a new learning experience.
Built four years ago, Alef Education has managed to get its digital education platform into several schools in Abu Dhabi. Alef has worked closely with the government of UAE to bring the platform to 25, 000 students at 57 public schools.
The platform focuses on main subjects like math, science and English. It helps students by using AI to design curriculums for individuals.
It also gives students, teachers and parents real-time feedback. For students, that could mean a more personalized way to help them better understand what they are learning. The platform can also find students’ strengths.
“ If a student is doing really well at science, why not raise their interest in what it’ s like to be a scientist? ” Alef Education CEO Geoffrey Alphonso said. “ That’ s our future goal to use AI to create individual learning plans. ” But there are concerns that using the technology could come at a cost, such as increasing the amount of time children spend in front of screens.
Alphonso said that his program solves this problem by limiting screen time to 3 hours and a half a day. The classes are followed by practical activities in which children interact with one another and use their hands for experiments.
“ We are looking to grow in countries that have a need for changing their education system,”Alphonso said, adding that the company plans to bring its platform to more than 300 schools this year.
5. What is the benefit of the platform?
A. Lightening teachers’ burden. B. Improving teaching efficiency.
C. Creating a new learning style. D. Inspiring students to work harder.
6. How does Alef respond to the concern about the platform?
A. Limiting children’ s screen time. B. Decreasing the operating cost.
C Organizing sports activities. D. Providing real － time feedback.
7. What is Alef Education’ s future plan?
A. To update their digital platform. B. To change UAE’ s education system.
C. To expand business to other countries. D. To build 300 schools in Abu Dhabi.
【答案】5. C 6. A 7. C
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了亚历夫教育集团将其数字教育平台引入阿联酋首部阿布扎比的学校为学生们创造了一种新的学习体验，但也有一些人担心这会让孩子们看屏幕的时间过长。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“company is using artificial intelligence (AI) to create a new learning experience”可知，一家公司正在使用人工智能（数字教育平台）创造一种新的学习体验，由此可知，这个平台的好处是创造一种新的学习方式，故C项正确。
6题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Alphonso said that his program solves this problem by limiting screen time to 3 hours and a half a day.”可知，阿尔方索说，他的程序通过将屏幕时间限制在每天三个半小时来解决这个问题（人们担心孩子的屏幕时间过长），故A项正确。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“ We are looking to grow in countries that have a need for changing their education system,”Alphonso said可知，阿尔方索说他们希望更多的国家改变教育体制，也就是说他希望更多的国家使用他们的平台，由此可知，亚历夫教育的未来计划是把他们的业务扩展到其他国家，故C项正确。
C
“ The moment before they called my name, I was really nervous because the other finalists’ presentations are really good and I thought they would win, ” Kara Fan, 14, who has won America’ s Top Young Scientist, told Yahoo Finance. “ When they announced my name, I was really surprised actually. ”
To win that claim, Fan’ s nano-particle liquid bandage had to surpass the experiments of hundreds of fifth to eighth graders as well as nine other finalists. Fan started developing her liquid bandage in April 2019 to fight the overuse of antibiotics(抗生素).
According to the CDC, roughly 2 million people every year suffer a bacterial infection in the U. S. and about 23, 000 passed away as a result. If left alone, a UN study reported, drug- resistant diseases or the “ superbug” could lead to 10 million deaths across the globe by 2050. When Fan’ s sprayable bandage dries on a person’ s skin, it creates a thin layer that protects the wounded area while breaking the cell wall and killing the bacteria on the skin. After experimenting with copper nitrate(硝酸铜) to fight bacteria, switching to the silver nitrate ended up being the major catalyst (催化剂) to seeing results for her award-winning project.
“ Thousands of years ago, ancient people would use copper and silver to eat with and they would drink water from like copper bowls to kill bacteria, ” Fan explained. “ I found out that it didn’t work. So I used nano silver. ”
Sir Alexander Fleming’ s discovery of penicillin— a type of antibiotic— is Fan’ s favorite scientific discovery. That said she doesn’ t think humans should rely too heavily on penicillin.
Following her years at Westview High School, Fan hopes to continue her biology track at Stanford University. Along with the ＄ 25, 000 cash prize she won on October 29, becoming Amer-ica’ s Top Young Scientist may help get the private university’ s attention.
8. How did Kara Fan feel about her winning the prize?
A. Confident. B. Regretful.
C. Proud. D. Unexpected.
9. For what purpose did Fan develop her liquid bandage?
A. To fight overuse of antibiotics. B. To enter a national contest.
C. To reduce deaths from injuries. D. To get into a good university.
10. Which of the following does Fan use to kill bacteria?
A. Copper nitrate. B. Copper.
C. Silver. D. Nano silver.
11. What might be Fan’ s opinion about penicillin？
A. Addictive. B. Valuable.
C. Useless. D. Irreplaceable.
【答案】8. D 9. A 10. D 11. B
【解析】
本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了美国最佳青年科学家奖的卡拉·范发明液体绷带的故事。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“ When they announced my name, I was really surprised actually. ”可知，卡拉·范说：“当他们宣布我的名字时，我真的很惊讶”，由此可知，卡拉·范对自己的获奖感到很意外，故D项正确。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Fan started developing her liquid bandage in April 2019 to fight the overuse of antibiotics”可知，卡拉·范于2019年4月开始发明液体绷带，以对抗抗生素的过度使用，故A项正确。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“ Thousands of years ago, ancient people would use copper and silver to eat with and they would drink water from like copper bowls to kill bacteria, ” Fan explained. “ I found out that it didn’t work. So I used nano silver. ”可知，范解释说：“几千年前，古人会用铜和银吃饭，他们会喝铜碗里的水来杀灭细菌。”，但我发现这不起作用，所以我用了纳米银（来杀菌），故D项正确。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Sir Alexander Fleming’ s discovery of penicillin— a type of antibiotic— is Fan’ s favorite scientific discovery.”可知，亚历山大弗莱明发现的青霉素是范最喜欢的科学发现，由此可知，范认为青霉素是有价值的，故B项正确。
D
Rainbow -coloured rubbish is the colourful waste created by a Swedish city with a unique recycling system. Like many cities in Sweden, Eskilstuna has an impressive recycling record. It met the EU’ s 2020 target of recycling 50％ of waste many years ago. But almost everyone who lives here follows a strict recycling policy at home. People are expected to sort their household waste into seven separate categories, including food, textiles, cartons and metal. But what really makes the system stand out is the bright colour code.
The reason for this becomes clear at the city’ s recycling plant. The bags arrive all jumbled up because they’ re collected altogether, once a fortnight from outside people’ s houses. But thanks to those bright colours, scanners can select the bags and separate them efficiently. The food waste in green bags is processed on site into slurry(浆) to make biogas, which powers the city’ s buses. One of the benefits of this method of recycling is that there is less cross-pollution,so more of the recycled waste can actually be used to make new things.
Like the rest of Sweden, Eskilstuna is committed to sending zero waste from its citizens to landfill(垃圾堆) . Waste that cannot be recycled is incinerated at a local plant to generate electricity. This reduces reliance on fossil fuels, but does create greenhouse gases. As countries a-round the world try to improve their recycling rates, some may look to Eskilstuna as an example to follow— as long as they think they can persuade their citizens to get busy sorting at home.
12. How do people deal with their household waste in Eskilstuna？
A. Sorting and putting it in colourful bags.
B. Dyeing it with different colours.
C. Processing and recycling it at home.
D. Sorting and taking it out every week.
13. What is the advantage of the bright colour code？
A. It avoids cross － pollution entirely.
B. The waste can be stored in a fixed site.
C. It’ s easier to classify the bags of rubbish.
D. The city takes on a colorful look.
14. What does the underlined word “ incinerated” mean in the last paragraph？
A. Burnt B. Broken
C. Reused D. Washed
15. Which of the following is the best title of the text？
A. Tips on Sorting of Household Waste.
B. A Swedish City’ s Recycling Efforts.
C. A Unique Waste Recycling Plan.
D. A New Policy for Conservation.
【答案】12. A 13. C 14. A 15. B
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇新闻报道，介绍了瑞典城市埃斯科特纳独特的垃圾分类办法——用不同颜色的袋子区分不同种类的垃圾。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“People are expected to sort their household waste into seven separate categories, including food, textiles, cartons and metal. But what really makes the system stand out is the bright colour code.”可知， 埃斯科特纳的居民将他们的生活垃圾分为七类，包括食品、纺织品、纸箱和金属，但真正让这个系统脱颖而出的是明亮的颜色代码，再根据第二段中的“The bags arrive all jumbled up because they’re collected altogether, once a fortnight from outside people' s houses.”可知，每两个星期，居民家门口的这些袋子就会被一起运到垃圾处理厂，由此可知，埃斯科特纳的居民把生活垃圾分类放在不同颜色的袋子里，故A项正确。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“But thanks to those bright colours, scanners can select the bags and separate them efficiently.”可知，由于这些明亮的颜色，扫描仪可以有效地把它们分开，由此可知，明亮的颜色代码的优点是让分拣员更容易给袋子里的垃圾进行分类，故C项正确。
【14题详解】
词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“Waste that cannot be recycled”可知，这些垃圾是不能回收的，再根据画线词后的“to generate electricity.”可知，它们可以被用来产生电能，因此此处是说不能回收的垃圾在当地的工厂焚烧以产生电能，由此可知画线词词义为“焚烧”，故A项正确。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段中的“Rainbow -coloured rubbish is the colourful waste created by a Swedish city with a unique re-cycling system.”可知，本文要介绍的是瑞典城市埃斯科特纳独特的垃圾分类办法——用不同颜色的袋子区分不同种类的垃圾，B项（一个瑞典城市的回收工作）适合作文章标题。故选B。
【点睛】词义猜测题的难度较大，抓住画线词的上下文是关键，因为其往往会对画线词词义起到解释说明或暗示作用，例如本篇第3题，根据画线词前的“Waste that cannot be recycled”可知，这些垃圾是不能回收的，再根据画线词后的“to generate electricity.”可知，它们可以被用来产生电能，因此此处是说不能回收的垃圾在当地的工厂焚烧以产生电能，由此可知画线词词义为“焚烧”，故A项正确。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
COVID -19 is still affecting a great many people all over the world. Most people who become infected experience mild illness and recover, but it can be more severe for others. Take care of your health and protect others by doing the following:
___16___Regularly and thoroughly clean your hands with an alcohol -based hand rub or wash them with soap and water. Washing your hands with soap and water or using alcohol -based hand rub kills viruses that may be on your hands.
Maintain social distancing. ___17___When someone coughs or sneezes, they spray small liquid droplets from their nose or mouth which may contain virus. If you are too close, you can breathe in the droplets, including the COVID -19 virus if the person coughing has the disease.
Avoid touching eyes, nose and mouth. ___18___Once contaminated(弄脏) , hands can transfer the virus to your eyes, nose or mouth. From there, the virus can enter your body and can make you sick.
Practice respiratory hygiene(呼吸道卫生) . Make sure you, and the people around you, follow good respiratory hygiene. This means covering your mouth and nose with your bent elbow or tissue when you cough or sneeze. ___19___Droplets spread virus. By following good respiratory hygiene you protect the people around you from viruses such as cold, flu and COVID-19.
If you have a fever, cough and difficulty breathing, seek medical attention and call in ad-vance. Your national and local authorities will have the most up to date information on the situa-tion in your area. Calling in advance will allow your health care provider to quickly direct you to the right health facility. ___20___
A. Wash your hands frequently.
B. Stay at home if you begin to feel unwell.
C. Then dispose of the used tissue immediately.
D. Wear a mask if you are coughing or sneezing.
E. Hands touch many surfaces and can pick up viruses.
F. Maintain at least 1 metre distance from anyone who is coughing or sneezing.
G. This will also protect you and help prevent spread of viruses and other infections.
【答案】16. A 17. F 18. E 19. C 20. G
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了新冠病毒的个人防护措施。
【16题详解】
根据本段内容，特别是根据“clean your hands”及“Washing your hands”等关键词可知，本段主要讲的是要勤洗手，故A项（勤洗手）符合语境。
【17题详解】
根据本段主题句“Maintain social distancing”及空后的“When someone coughs or sneezes， they spray small liquid droplets from their nose or mouth which may contain virus.”可知，此处是说要与咳嗽或打喷嚏的人保持一定的距离，故F项（与咳嗽或打喷嚏的人保持一米以上的距离）符合语境。
【18题详解】
空后说一旦弄脏了，手可以把病毒转移到你的眼睛，鼻子或嘴巴，因此此处是说手很容易携带病毒，故E项（手接触很多表面，可能会携带病毒）符合语境。
【19题详解】
空前说咳嗽或打喷嚏时，用弯曲的手肘或纸巾捂住口鼻，此处承接上文，讲的是下一步该怎么做，故C项（然后立即处理用过的纸巾）符合语境。
【20题详解】
空前说提前打电话会让给你提供医疗服务的人迅速指引你到正确的医疗机构，此处接着讲这样做的其他好处，故G项（这也将保护你，并有助于防止病毒和其他感染的传播）符合语境。
第二部分语言运用（共两节；满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When you walk through the doors of Morton Plant Hospital on an early Tuesday afternoon,you’ll be greeted by the comforting voice of Mary Ellen Owens.
Owens, who is now 98, started ___21___at the hospital after her husband died nearly 20 years ago. “ My husband was a ( n) ___22___here, off and on for about six weeks over four years, ” she ___23___. “ Everyone at the hospital had been so good to us when he was sick. ” To show her ___24___, Owens wanted to give back in a big way. “ I don’ t have several million dollars, but I can give my ___25___, ” she said.
Owens is approaching 7, 000 hours in volunteer time. “ I used to give three days a week,”she said. “ Now I’ m ___26___. So I don’ t get around as much as I ___27___, so I only give one day a week. ”
To get to her weekly four-hour ___28___, Owens receives a ride from a volunteer who she now calls her friend. “ Every ___29___, Richard picks me up from my home and brings me here, ”she said. “ I don’ t believe people of my age should be _____30_____. ”
In her younger years, Owens used to walk up and down the fashion runways in New York City and Richmond, Virginia. She also had a( n) _____31_____to be in the 1939 film classic Gone with the Wind. Because she had other work at the time, however, Owens ____32____to turn it down.
“ What I didn’ t do in my life is more _____33_____ than what I’ ve done” , she laughs. _____34_____ she’ s in her golden years, Owens plans to continue to live her life with _____35_____by greeting each patient with a smile.
21. A. volunteering B. training C. working D. nursing
22. A. doctor B. expert C. patient D. assistant
23. A. commented B. promised C. responded D. explained
24. A. attitude B. appreciation C. sympathy D. response
25. A. hand B. love C. smile D. time
26. A. old B. strong C. sick D. lucky
27. A. had to B. hoped to C. used to D. ought to
28. A. stand B. ride C. turn D. shift
29. A. day B. Monday C. morning D. Tuesday
30. A. struggling B. driving C. running D. changing
31. A. part B. character C. performance D. opportunity
32. A. decided B. hoped C. agreed D. happened
33. A. difficult B. interesting C. well-paid D. challenging
34. A. Now that B. Guessing that C. Supposing that D. Except that
35 A. relief B. success C. purpose D. spirit
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. D 24. B 25. D 26. A 27. C 28. D 29. D 30. B 31. D 32. A 33. B 34. A 35. C
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了现年98岁的欧文斯的早年经历以及她在医院做志愿者的故事。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：现年98岁的欧文斯在丈夫20年前去世后就开始在医院做志愿者。A. volunteering志愿者；B. training培训；C. working工作；D. nursing护理。根据下文中的Owens is approaching 7,000 hours in volunteer time.可知，欧文斯在医院做志愿者，故A项正确。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我丈夫在这里住过院（曾是这家医院的患者），四年来断断续续地住了六个星期的院。A. doctor医生；B. expert专家；C. patient病人；D. assistant助手。根据空后的Everyone at the hospital had been so good to us when he was sick.可知，欧文斯的丈夫生病的时候，医院里的每个人对他们夫妇俩都很好，这说明欧文斯的丈夫在这里住过院（曾是这家医院的患者），故C项正确。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她解释道：“他生病（住院）的时候，医院里的每个人对我们都很好”。A. commented发表评论；B. promised承诺；C. responded答复；D. explained解释。空后的Everyone at the hospital had been so good to us when he was sick. 是欧文斯解释说的话，故D项正确。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了表达她的感激之情，欧文斯想以另一种方式回报这家医院。A. attitude态度；B. appreciation感激；C. sympathy同情；D. response回答。空前一句说欧文斯的丈夫生病（住院）的时候，医院里的每个人对他们夫妇俩都很好，因此她要表达对医院的感激，故B项正确、
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她说：我没有几百万美元，但我可以献出我的时间。A. hand手；B. love爱；C. smile微笑；D. time时间。根据上文中的Owens, who is now 98, started ___1___at the hospital after her husband died nearly 20 years ago.可知，现年98岁的欧文斯在丈夫20年前去世后就开始在医院做志愿者，因此此处是说她可以献出自己的时间（在医院做志愿者），故D项正确。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在我年纪大了，不像以前那样到处走动了，所以我每周只有一天去做志愿者。A. old年纪大的；B. strong强壮的；C. sick生病的；D. lucky幸运的。根据上文中的Owens, who is now 98可知，欧文斯现在已经98岁了，年纪已经非常大了，故A项正确。
【27题详解】
考查短语词义辨析。句意同上。A. had to不得不；B. hoped to希望；C. used to过去常常；D. ought to应该。根据上文中的I used to give three days a week及空后的so I only give one day a week.可知，欧文斯以前一周有三天去做志愿者，现在一周只有一天去做志愿者，这说明她现在年纪太大，不能像以前那样走得那么多了，故C项正确。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了每周四小时的轮班，她请一名志愿者载她上下班，她现在把这位志愿者称为自己的朋友。A. stand站立；B. ride车程；C. turn转动；D. shift轮班。根据上文可知，欧文斯现在每周去医院做一次志愿服务，因此此处指“去医院上班”，故D项正确。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：每周二，理查德都会去我家接我，送我来医院。A. day白天；B. Monday周一；C. morning早晨；D. Tuesday周二。根据上文中的When you walk through the doors of Morton Plant Hospital on an early Tuesday afternoon, you’ ll be greeted by the comforting voice of Mary Ellen Owens.可知，欧文斯每周二去医院做志愿服务，故D项正确。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不认为像我这个年纪的人还应该开车。A. struggling挣扎；B. driving开车；C. running跑步；D. changing改变。根据上文中的To get to her weekly four － hour ___8___, Owens receives a ride from a volunteer who she now calls her friend.可知，为了每周四小时的轮班，她请一名志愿者载她上下班，这说明她不认为自己还能开车去上班，故B项正确。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她也有机会出演1939年拍摄的经典电影《乱世佳人》。A. part部分；B. character特性；C. performance表演；D. opportunity机会。根据空后的turn it down.可知，欧文斯曾有机会出演1939年拍摄的经典电影《乱世佳人》，但她拒绝了，故D项正确。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：不过，因为她当时还有其他工作，欧文斯决定拒绝（出演《乱世佳人》）。A. decided决定；B. hoped希望；C. agreed同意；D. happened发生。根据空前的Because she had other work at the time可知，为她当时还有其他工作，所以欧文斯决定拒绝出演《乱世佳人》，故A项正确。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意： 她笑着说：“在生活中没有做过的事比我做过的事更有趣”。A. difficult困难的；B. interesting有趣的；C. well-paid高薪的；D. challenging有挑战性的。根据空前的She also had a（ n） ____11____to be in the 1939 film classic Gone with the Wind. Because she had other work at the time, however, Owens ____12____to turn it down.可知，欧文斯曾有机会出演1939年拍摄的经典电影《乱世佳人》，但她当时还有其他工作，所以她拒绝了，此处她解释拒绝出演《乱世佳人》的原因——没有做过的事比做过的事更有趣，故B项正确。
【34题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：既然她现在还能干得动（身体情况还允许），欧文斯仍打算继续怀揣着这样一个目的生活——微笑着问候每一位病人。A. Now that既然；B. Guessing that猜测；C. Supposing that假如；D. Except that除了……之外。根据空后的she’ s in her golden years, Owens plans to continue to live her life with ___15___by greeting each patient with a smile.可知，既然她现在还能干得动（身体情况还允许），欧文斯仍打算继续怀揣着这样一个目的生活——微笑着问候每一位病人（继续做志愿者），故A项正确。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. relief安慰；B. success成功；C. purpose目的；D. spirit精神。根据空后的by greeting each patient with a smile可知，微笑着问候每一位病人是欧文斯生活中的一个目的，故C项正确。
【点睛】本篇第13空D项challenging干扰性较大，有些同学会认为没有做过的事情比做过的事情更具挑战性而误选此项， 但根据空前的She also had a（ n） ____11____to be in the 1939 film classic Gone with the Wind. Because she had other work at the time, however, Owens ____12____to turn it down.可知，欧文斯曾有机会出演1939年拍摄的经典电影《乱世佳人》，但她当时还有其他工作，所以她拒绝了，此处她解释拒绝出演《乱世佳人》的原因——没有做过的事比做过的事更有趣，故B项（interesting）正确。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Holi is the ancient Hindu festival of colours and love. It ___36___(celebrate) in India and Nepal and many parts of South Asia. There are also lots of Holi celebrations in the UK, organized ___37___the large British -Hindu community.
Holi marks the beginning of spring. The dates change each year according to the full moon, but it is ___38___(normal) in March and sometimes in late February. Its celebrations happened as early as the ___39___ (five) century. It is a celebration of good winning over evil, and a time to give thanks for the good harvest.
In recent years, holi -themed events have become popular with a new generation in Europe and North America. Every year, large ___40___(crowd) of people go to Holi events in London andall over the country. There are paint -throwing parties at music festivals and races like the five-kilometre ‘ Colour Run’ , ___41___ is celebrated in more than 35 different countries. It does not matter ___42___you are rich, poor, old or young ,everyone can throw coloured paint powder at each other. They arrive dressed in white T -shirts and return ___43___(cover) from head to toe in bright colours. In the UK, restaurants and cultural organisations also offer their own Holi celebrations, with special menus, Indian music and dance.
There is a spirit of togetherness and ___44___(equal) in Holi. It is a time _____45_____ (forgive) people and repair broken relationships, as well as meet with other people, play and have fun.
【答案】36. is celebrated
37. by 38. normally
39. fifth 40. crowds
41. which 42. whether/if
43. covered
44. equality
45. to forgive
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了印度胡里节的时间、精神以及庆祝活动。
【36题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：印度、尼泊尔和南亚许多地区都过胡里节。陈述的是客观事实，主语It 与celebrate之间是被动关系，所以用一般现在时的被动语态，且谓语动词用单数，故填is celebrated。
【37题详解】
考查介词。句意：在英国也有很多胡里节的庆祝活动，由大型的英属印度教社区组织。根据“organized”可知此处用被动语态，community是organize这一动作的主体，故填by。
【38题详解】
考查副词。句意：每年的日期都会随着满月的变化而变化，但通常是在3月，有时是在2月下旬。修饰介词短语“in March”用副词，故填normally。
【39题详解】
考查序数词。句意：它的庆祝活动早在五世纪就开始了。根据句意可知此处表示“第五”，故填fifth。
【40题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：每年，大批的人前往伦敦和全国各地参加胡里节活动。crowds of是固定短语，表示“成群的”，故填crowds。
【41题详解】
考查非限定性定语从句。句意：音乐节上有泼漆派对，还有像五公里彩车赛跑这样的比赛，35个不同的国家都举办五公里彩车赛跑。此处为非限定性定语从句，关系词指代先行词the five-kilometre‘Colour Run’并在从句中作主语，故填which。
【42题详解】
考查主语从句。句意：不管你是富人、穷人、老人还是年轻人，每个人都可以互相泼颜料粉。分析句子结构可知本句中it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的从句，根据句意可知此处表示“是否”，故填whether/if。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：他们来的时候穿着白色T恤，回家的时候从头到脚都被泼上了颜色鲜艳的颜料粉。分析句子结构可知此处使用非谓语动词，They与cover之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，表示被动，用过去分词作状语，故填covered。
【44题详解】
考查名词。句意：胡里节传递一种团结和平等的精神。此处与togetherness并列用名词作介词of的宾语，根据句意可知此处表示“平等”，故填equality。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这是一个原谅别人、修复破碎关系的时刻，也是一个与他人见面、玩耍和娱乐的时刻。time后用不定式作后置定语，表示“……的时刻”，故填to forgive。
第三部分写作（共两节；满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46.假定你是李华。你的外籍教师John本打算春季开学时返回中国，现因新冠（COVID－19）疫情待在London家中。你在英语学习中遇到了一些困难，请给他写一封email寻求帮助。内容如下：
1.询问John的健康情况；
2.告知学习中的困难；
3.请求帮助。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear John,
How are you doing recently? I'm sorry to hear that you have to stay home in London because of the outbreak of COVID－19. I think you will take good care of your health in this emergency period, as you are a cautious person and will respond to the call for epidemic prevention. Although the epidemic situation in our country has been under control, we are still having online lessons at home. Unfortunately, I'm having some trouble with my English study. What has been bothering me recently is that I have difficulty in making sentences with new words. I hope you can give me some useful advice, as you are very experienced in dealing with such problems.
Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】
本篇书面表达是应用文，要求写一封书信。
【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本文要求写一封电子邮件：假定你是李华。你的外籍教师John本打算春季开学时返回中国，现因新冠（COVID－19）疫情待在London家中。你在英语学习中遇到了一些困难，请给他写一封email寻求帮助,内容如下：1.询问John的健康情况；2.告知学习中的困难；3.请求帮助。时态应为一般现在时。
第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如：outbreak(爆发)，emergency period(非常时期)，epidemic prevention(防疫)，useful(有用的)，experienced(有经验的)及cautious(谨慎的)等。
第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持卷面的整洁美观。
【点睛】范文语言地道，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级词汇和句式，高级词汇有because of(由于)，take good care of(好好照顾)，having trouble with (在某方面有麻烦)，have difficulty in doing(做某事有困难)，respond to(响应)以及deal with(处理)，而且还使用了宾语从句I'm sorry to hear that you have to stay home in London because of the outbreak of COVID－19.主语从句What has been bothering me recently is that I have difficulty in making sentences with new words. 状语从句I think you will take good care of your health in this emergency period, as you are a cautious person and will respond to the call for epidemic prevention. Although the epidemic situation in our country has been under control, we are still having online lessons at home.及I hope you can give me some useful advice, as you are very experienced in dealing with such problems.全文没有语法错误，上下句转换自然流畅。
第二节（满分25分）
47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
There was once a wonderful old man who loved everything: animals, spiders, insects and allsorts of living things.
One day while walking through the woods, the old man found a cocoon(茧) . He decided to take the cocoon home to watch its beautiful transformation from a little cocoon to a beautiful butterfly.
A few days later, the cocoon started to move. It moved frantically! He sat and watched it struggle and struggle for several hours. But it seemed not to make any progress. Then the old man felt sorry for the little butterfly inside, and rushed to its aid. With a pair of scissors and gently, he cut a little opening in the cocoon so the butterfly could come out. And then the butterfly came out of its cocoon. It had a swollen body and small, fragile wings, but it never was able to fly.
He was quite puzzled. Had he accidentally killed the little butterfly? No, it was still moving a little bit. Maybe it was sick. Then he decided that the best thing he could do for the butterfly was to place it gently back into its cocoon. He did so, and placed a drop of honey on it to seal the cocoon, leaving the butterfly to nestle (筑巢) in its natural state.
The next day he noticed that the cocoon was moving again. It struggled and struggled. Finally the butterfly broke free from its cocoon and stretched its wings out. Its beautiful wings were filled with wonderful colors! It took off! It was flying!
The wonderful butterfly flew and flew till it was almost out of the old man’ s sight. What a joy, he exclaimed! But then he started to think: what did I do wrong by trying to help that beautiful little butterfly out at first?
Finally the answer came out.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Sometimes struggles are exactly what we need in our life.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Finally the answer came out. What the man in his kindness and haste did not understand was that the restricting cocoon and the struggle required for the butterfly to get through the tiny opening were Nature's way of forcing fluid from the body of the butterfly into its wings so that it would be ready for flight once it achieved its freedom from the cocoon.
Sometimes struggles are exactly what we need in our life. If we were allowed to go through our life without any obstacles and difficulties, it would cripple us. We would not be as strong as what we could have been. And we could never fly. In fact, it is necessary to live with some difficulties. And it is these obstacles and difficulties that make us strong and get prepared for the greater challenges in our life.
【解析】
【分析】
本篇书面表达是读后续写，要求根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段。
【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本文要求续写两段：阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文，续写的词数应为150左右，时态应为一般过去时。
第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如； kindness(善良)，haste(草率)，restricting(限制的)，struggle(努力)，spread(传播)，require(需要)，obstacle(障碍)，difficulty(困难)，flight(飞行)，freedom(自由)，cripple(使变残)及challenge(挑战)等。
第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持卷面的整洁美观。
【点睛】范文语言地道，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级词汇和句式，高级词汇有get through(通过、熬过)，go through(通过)，be allowed to do (被允许做)，be ready for（为……做好准备）以及get prepared for（为……做准备），in fact（事实上），而且还使用了主语从句和表语从句What the man in his kindness and haste did not understand was that the restricting cocoon and the struggle required for the butterfly to get through the tiny opening were Nature's way of forcing fluid from the body of the butterfly into its wings，状语从句If we were allowed to go through our life without any obstacles and difficulties, it would cripple us.宾语从句We would not be as strong as what we could have been. 形式主语In fact, it is necessary to live with some difficulties.强调句型And it is these obstacles and difficulties that make us strong and get prepared for the greater challenges in our life.全文没有语法错误，上下句转换自然流畅。
注意事项：
1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 阅读（共两节；满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Deciduous forests(落叶林) are home to many wild animals. The development and expansion of human presence in the forests has caused many of their native species to become endangered.
Giant Panda
The giant panda, one of the most recognizable endangered species, is a large, docile species of bear native to the deciduous forest of eastern China, Myanmar and Vietnam. Because of its lim-ited diet— the panda’ s main source of food is bamboo— the species is limited in its habitat to areas where bamboo is available. Now the species only can be found today in 20 small patches of forest at the western edge of its historic range.
Gray and Red Wolves
The gray wolf, which once ranged from the East Coast of America to the West, and south to Mexico, now has a population of only 5, 000 in the lower 48 states, mostly in the Rocky Mountains. The smaller red wolf, native to the southeastern United States, was declared extinct in the wild in 1980, though conservation efforts have reintroduced small captive populations to the wild in California.
Red-Crowned Crane
The red-crowned crane is native to Japan, Korea and eastern China. Agricultural expansion and deforestation (森林砍伐) in these areas have removed a great deal of the marshes and forests that are the crane’ s primary habitats. For a time, the crane was thought to have completely disappeared from Japan, but the recent discovery of cranes in Japanese marshlands has restarted conservation efforts. Today, around 2, 500 cranes live in the wild, including 1,000 in Japan.
European Mink
Native to Europe, the European mink ranges from France in the west to Finland in the north, Russia in the east and the Balkans in the south. Destruction of the mink’ s aquatic (水的) habitat and use of the species for fur have caused dramatic drops in the species’ population, which has been reduced by 85 percent since the mid-19th century.
1. What has caused the wild animals to become endangered?
A. Global warming. B. International trade.
C. Environmental pollution. D. The invasion of mankind.
2. Which species is native to North America?
A. European Mink. B. Red Wolves.
C. Red － Crowned Crane. D. Giant Panda.
3. Which is mentioned as the reason for the decline of European minks?
A. The loss of their natural food. B. The hunting of human beings.
C. Drought and forest fires. D. Excessive deforestation.
4. What is the purpose of the text?
A. To call for more efforts to protect forests.
B. To study the living habits of wild animals.
C. To introduce some endangered species.
D. To find ways to protect wild animals.
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. B 4. C
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇应用文，介绍了大熊猫、灰狼和红狼、丹顶鹤以及欧洲水貂等几种濒临灭绝的以落叶林为栖息地的野生动物。
1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The development and expansion of human presence in the forests has caused many of their native species to become endangered.”可知，人类向落叶林的发展和扩张已经导致许多当地物种濒临灭绝，故D项正确。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The smaller red wolf， native to the southeastern United States”可知，红狼原产于美国东南部，是北美的本土动物，故B项正确。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Destruction of the mink’ s aquatic habitat and use of the species for fur have caused dramatic drops in the species’ population”可知，水貂的水生栖息地遭到破坏，人类捕杀水貂制作皮草，导致水貂种群数量急剧下降，故B项正确。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中的“The development and expansion of human presence in the forests has caused many of their native species to become endangered.”可知，人类向落叶林的发展和扩张已经导致许多当地物种濒临灭绝，下文就介绍了大熊猫、灰狼和红狼、丹顶鹤以及欧洲水貂等几种濒临灭绝的以落叶林为栖息地的野生动物，由此可知本文的目的是介绍一些濒临灭绝的物种，故C项正确。
【点睛】本篇第4题D项干扰性较大，有些同学会认为这篇文章是为了寻找保护野生动物的方法而误选此项，但根据第一段中的“The development and expansion of human presence in the forests has caused many of their native species to become endangered.”可知，人类向落叶林的发展和扩张已经导致许多当地物种濒临灭绝，下文就客观地介绍了大熊猫、灰狼和红狼、丹顶鹤以及欧洲水貂等几种濒临灭绝的以落叶林为栖息地的野生动物，由此可知本文的目的是介绍一些濒临灭绝的物种。
B
No books, no whiteboards, no markers or pens. That’s the new reality for many classrooms across Abu Dhabi, the capital city of the United Arab Emirates ( UAE) , where a company is using artificial intelligence (AI) to create a new learning experience.
Built four years ago, Alef Education has managed to get its digital education platform into several schools in Abu Dhabi. Alef has worked closely with the government of UAE to bring the platform to 25, 000 students at 57 public schools.
The platform focuses on main subjects like math, science and English. It helps students by using AI to design curriculums for individuals.
It also gives students, teachers and parents real-time feedback. For students, that could mean a more personalized way to help them better understand what they are learning. The platform can also find students’ strengths.
“ If a student is doing really well at science, why not raise their interest in what it’ s like to be a scientist? ” Alef Education CEO Geoffrey Alphonso said. “ That’ s our future goal to use AI to create individual learning plans. ” But there are concerns that using the technology could come at a cost, such as increasing the amount of time children spend in front of screens.
Alphonso said that his program solves this problem by limiting screen time to 3 hours and a half a day. The classes are followed by practical activities in which children interact with one another and use their hands for experiments.
“ We are looking to grow in countries that have a need for changing their education system,”Alphonso said, adding that the company plans to bring its platform to more than 300 schools this year.
5. What is the benefit of the platform?
A. Lightening teachers’ burden. B. Improving teaching efficiency.
C. Creating a new learning style. D. Inspiring students to work harder.
6. How does Alef respond to the concern about the platform?
A. Limiting children’ s screen time. B. Decreasing the operating cost.
C Organizing sports activities. D. Providing real － time feedback.
7. What is Alef Education’ s future plan?
A. To update their digital platform. B. To change UAE’ s education system.
C. To expand business to other countries. D. To build 300 schools in Abu Dhabi.
【答案】5. C 6. A 7. C
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了亚历夫教育集团将其数字教育平台引入阿联酋首部阿布扎比的学校为学生们创造了一种新的学习体验，但也有一些人担心这会让孩子们看屏幕的时间过长。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“company is using artificial intelligence (AI) to create a new learning experience”可知，一家公司正在使用人工智能（数字教育平台）创造一种新的学习体验，由此可知，这个平台的好处是创造一种新的学习方式，故C项正确。
6题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Alphonso said that his program solves this problem by limiting screen time to 3 hours and a half a day.”可知，阿尔方索说，他的程序通过将屏幕时间限制在每天三个半小时来解决这个问题（人们担心孩子的屏幕时间过长），故A项正确。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“ We are looking to grow in countries that have a need for changing their education system,”Alphonso said可知，阿尔方索说他们希望更多的国家改变教育体制，也就是说他希望更多的国家使用他们的平台，由此可知，亚历夫教育的未来计划是把他们的业务扩展到其他国家，故C项正确。
C
“ The moment before they called my name, I was really nervous because the other finalists’ presentations are really good and I thought they would win, ” Kara Fan, 14, who has won America’ s Top Young Scientist, told Yahoo Finance. “ When they announced my name, I was really surprised actually. ”
To win that claim, Fan’ s nano-particle liquid bandage had to surpass the experiments of hundreds of fifth to eighth graders as well as nine other finalists. Fan started developing her liquid bandage in April 2019 to fight the overuse of antibiotics(抗生素).
According to the CDC, roughly 2 million people every year suffer a bacterial infection in the U. S. and about 23, 000 passed away as a result. If left alone, a UN study reported, drug- resistant diseases or the “ superbug” could lead to 10 million deaths across the globe by 2050. When Fan’ s sprayable bandage dries on a person’ s skin, it creates a thin layer that protects the wounded area while breaking the cell wall and killing the bacteria on the skin. After experimenting with copper nitrate(硝酸铜) to fight bacteria, switching to the silver nitrate ended up being the major catalyst (催化剂) to seeing results for her award-winning project.
“ Thousands of years ago, ancient people would use copper and silver to eat with and they would drink water from like copper bowls to kill bacteria, ” Fan explained. “ I found out that it didn’t work. So I used nano silver. ”
Sir Alexander Fleming’ s discovery of penicillin— a type of antibiotic— is Fan’ s favorite scientific discovery. That said she doesn’ t think humans should rely too heavily on penicillin.
Following her years at Westview High School, Fan hopes to continue her biology track at Stanford University. Along with the ＄ 25, 000 cash prize she won on October 29, becoming Amer-ica’ s Top Young Scientist may help get the private university’ s attention.
8. How did Kara Fan feel about her winning the prize?
A. Confident. B. Regretful.
C. Proud. D. Unexpected.
9. For what purpose did Fan develop her liquid bandage?
A. To fight overuse of antibiotics. B. To enter a national contest.
C. To reduce deaths from injuries. D. To get into a good university.
10. Which of the following does Fan use to kill bacteria?
A. Copper nitrate. B. Copper.
C. Silver. D. Nano silver.
11. What might be Fan’ s opinion about penicillin？
A. Addictive. B. Valuable.
C. Useless. D. Irreplaceable.
【答案】8. D 9. A 10. D 11. B
【解析】
本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了美国最佳青年科学家奖的卡拉·范发明液体绷带的故事。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“ When they announced my name, I was really surprised actually. ”可知，卡拉·范说：“当他们宣布我的名字时，我真的很惊讶”，由此可知，卡拉·范对自己的获奖感到很意外，故D项正确。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Fan started developing her liquid bandage in April 2019 to fight the overuse of antibiotics”可知，卡拉·范于2019年4月开始发明液体绷带，以对抗抗生素的过度使用，故A项正确。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“ Thousands of years ago, ancient people would use copper and silver to eat with and they would drink water from like copper bowls to kill bacteria, ” Fan explained. “ I found out that it didn’t work. So I used nano silver. ”可知，范解释说：“几千年前，古人会用铜和银吃饭，他们会喝铜碗里的水来杀灭细菌。”，但我发现这不起作用，所以我用了纳米银（来杀菌），故D项正确。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Sir Alexander Fleming’ s discovery of penicillin— a type of antibiotic— is Fan’ s favorite scientific discovery.”可知，亚历山大弗莱明发现的青霉素是范最喜欢的科学发现，由此可知，范认为青霉素是有价值的，故B项正确。
D
Rainbow -coloured rubbish is the colourful waste created by a Swedish city with a unique recycling system. Like many cities in Sweden, Eskilstuna has an impressive recycling record. It met the EU’ s 2020 target of recycling 50％ of waste many years ago. But almost everyone who lives here follows a strict recycling policy at home. People are expected to sort their household waste into seven separate categories, including food, textiles, cartons and metal. But what really makes the system stand out is the bright colour code.
The reason for this becomes clear at the city’ s recycling plant. The bags arrive all jumbled up because they’ re collected altogether, once a fortnight from outside people’ s houses. But thanks to those bright colours, scanners can select the bags and separate them efficiently. The food waste in green bags is processed on site into slurry(浆) to make biogas, which powers the city’ s buses. One of the benefits of this method of recycling is that there is less cross-pollution,so more of the recycled waste can actually be used to make new things.
Like the rest of Sweden, Eskilstuna is committed to sending zero waste from its citizens to landfill(垃圾堆) . Waste that cannot be recycled is incinerated at a local plant to generate electricity. This reduces reliance on fossil fuels, but does create greenhouse gases. As countries a-round the world try to improve their recycling rates, some may look to Eskilstuna as an example to follow— as long as they think they can persuade their citizens to get busy sorting at home.
12. How do people deal with their household waste in Eskilstuna？
A. Sorting and putting it in colourful bags.
B. Dyeing it with different colours.
C. Processing and recycling it at home.
D. Sorting and taking it out every week.
13. What is the advantage of the bright colour code？
A. It avoids cross － pollution entirely.
B. The waste can be stored in a fixed site.
C. It’ s easier to classify the bags of rubbish.
D. The city takes on a colorful look.
14. What does the underlined word “ incinerated” mean in the last paragraph？
A. Burnt B. Broken
C. Reused D. Washed
15. Which of the following is the best title of the text？
A. Tips on Sorting of Household Waste.
B. A Swedish City’ s Recycling Efforts.
C. A Unique Waste Recycling Plan.
D. A New Policy for Conservation.
【答案】12. A 13. C 14. A 15. B
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇新闻报道，介绍了瑞典城市埃斯科特纳独特的垃圾分类办法——用不同颜色的袋子区分不同种类的垃圾。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“People are expected to sort their household waste into seven separate categories, including food, textiles, cartons and metal. But what really makes the system stand out is the bright colour code.”可知， 埃斯科特纳的居民将他们的生活垃圾分为七类，包括食品、纺织品、纸箱和金属，但真正让这个系统脱颖而出的是明亮的颜色代码，再根据第二段中的“The bags arrive all jumbled up because they’re collected altogether, once a fortnight from outside people' s houses.”可知，每两个星期，居民家门口的这些袋子就会被一起运到垃圾处理厂，由此可知，埃斯科特纳的居民把生活垃圾分类放在不同颜色的袋子里，故A项正确。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“But thanks to those bright colours, scanners can select the bags and separate them efficiently.”可知，由于这些明亮的颜色，扫描仪可以有效地把它们分开，由此可知，明亮的颜色代码的优点是让分拣员更容易给袋子里的垃圾进行分类，故C项正确。
【14题详解】
词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“Waste that cannot be recycled”可知，这些垃圾是不能回收的，再根据画线词后的“to generate electricity.”可知，它们可以被用来产生电能，因此此处是说不能回收的垃圾在当地的工厂焚烧以产生电能，由此可知画线词词义为“焚烧”，故A项正确。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段中的“Rainbow -coloured rubbish is the colourful waste created by a Swedish city with a unique re-cycling system.”可知，本文要介绍的是瑞典城市埃斯科特纳独特的垃圾分类办法——用不同颜色的袋子区分不同种类的垃圾，B项（一个瑞典城市的回收工作）适合作文章标题。故选B。
【点睛】词义猜测题的难度较大，抓住画线词的上下文是关键，因为其往往会对画线词词义起到解释说明或暗示作用，例如本篇第3题，根据画线词前的“Waste that cannot be recycled”可知，这些垃圾是不能回收的，再根据画线词后的“to generate electricity.”可知，它们可以被用来产生电能，因此此处是说不能回收的垃圾在当地的工厂焚烧以产生电能，由此可知画线词词义为“焚烧”，故A项正确。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
COVID -19 is still affecting a great many people all over the world. Most people who become infected experience mild illness and recover, but it can be more severe for others. Take care of your health and protect others by doing the following:
___16___Regularly and thoroughly clean your hands with an alcohol -based hand rub or wash them with soap and water. Washing your hands with soap and water or using alcohol -based hand rub kills viruses that may be on your hands.
Maintain social distancing. ___17___When someone coughs or sneezes, they spray small liquid droplets from their nose or mouth which may contain virus. If you are too close, you can breathe in the droplets, including the COVID -19 virus if the person coughing has the disease.
Avoid touching eyes, nose and mouth. ___18___Once contaminated(弄脏) , hands can transfer the virus to your eyes, nose or mouth. From there, the virus can enter your body and can make you sick.
Practice respiratory hygiene(呼吸道卫生) . Make sure you, and the people around you, follow good respiratory hygiene. This means covering your mouth and nose with your bent elbow or tissue when you cough or sneeze. ___19___Droplets spread virus. By following good respiratory hygiene you protect the people around you from viruses such as cold, flu and COVID-19.
If you have a fever, cough and difficulty breathing, seek medical attention and call in ad-vance. Your national and local authorities will have the most up to date information on the situa-tion in your area. Calling in advance will allow your health care provider to quickly direct you to the right health facility. ___20___
A. Wash your hands frequently.
B. Stay at home if you begin to feel unwell.
C. Then dispose of the used tissue immediately.
D. Wear a mask if you are coughing or sneezing.
E. Hands touch many surfaces and can pick up viruses.
F. Maintain at least 1 metre distance from anyone who is coughing or sneezing.
G. This will also protect you and help prevent spread of viruses and other infections.
【答案】16. A 17. F 18. E 19. C 20. G
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了新冠病毒的个人防护措施。
【16题详解】
根据本段内容，特别是根据“clean your hands”及“Washing your hands”等关键词可知，本段主要讲的是要勤洗手，故A项（勤洗手）符合语境。
【17题详解】
根据本段主题句“Maintain social distancing”及空后的“When someone coughs or sneezes， they spray small liquid droplets from their nose or mouth which may contain virus.”可知，此处是说要与咳嗽或打喷嚏的人保持一定的距离，故F项（与咳嗽或打喷嚏的人保持一米以上的距离）符合语境。
【18题详解】
空后说一旦弄脏了，手可以把病毒转移到你的眼睛，鼻子或嘴巴，因此此处是说手很容易携带病毒，故E项（手接触很多表面，可能会携带病毒）符合语境。
【19题详解】
空前说咳嗽或打喷嚏时，用弯曲的手肘或纸巾捂住口鼻，此处承接上文，讲的是下一步该怎么做，故C项（然后立即处理用过的纸巾）符合语境。
【20题详解】
空前说提前打电话会让给你提供医疗服务的人迅速指引你到正确的医疗机构，此处接着讲这样做的其他好处，故G项（这也将保护你，并有助于防止病毒和其他感染的传播）符合语境。
第二部分语言运用（共两节；满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When you walk through the doors of Morton Plant Hospital on an early Tuesday afternoon,you’ll be greeted by the comforting voice of Mary Ellen Owens.
Owens, who is now 98, started ___21___at the hospital after her husband died nearly 20 years ago. “ My husband was a ( n) ___22___here, off and on for about six weeks over four years, ” she ___23___. “ Everyone at the hospital had been so good to us when he was sick. ” To show her ___24___, Owens wanted to give back in a big way. “ I don’ t have several million dollars, but I can give my ___25___, ” she said.
Owens is approaching 7, 000 hours in volunteer time. “ I used to give three days a week,”she said. “ Now I’ m ___26___. So I don’ t get around as much as I ___27___, so I only give one day a week. ”
To get to her weekly four-hour ___28___, Owens receives a ride from a volunteer who she now calls her friend. “ Every ___29___, Richard picks me up from my home and brings me here, ”she said. “ I don’ t believe people of my age should be _____30_____. ”
In her younger years, Owens used to walk up and down the fashion runways in New York City and Richmond, Virginia. She also had a( n) _____31_____to be in the 1939 film classic Gone with the Wind. Because she had other work at the time, however, Owens ____32____to turn it down.
“ What I didn’ t do in my life is more _____33_____ than what I’ ve done” , she laughs. _____34_____ she’ s in her golden years, Owens plans to continue to live her life with _____35_____by greeting each patient with a smile.
21. A. volunteering B. training C. working D. nursing
22. A. doctor B. expert C. patient D. assistant
23. A. commented B. promised C. responded D. explained
24. A. attitude B. appreciation C. sympathy D. response
25. A. hand B. love C. smile D. time
26. A. old B. strong C. sick D. lucky
27. A. had to B. hoped to C. used to D. ought to
28. A. stand B. ride C. turn D. shift
29. A. day B. Monday C. morning D. Tuesday
30. A. struggling B. driving C. running D. changing
31. A. part B. character C. performance D. opportunity
32. A. decided B. hoped C. agreed D. happened
33. A. difficult B. interesting C. well-paid D. challenging
34. A. Now that B. Guessing that C. Supposing that D. Except that
35 A. relief B. success C. purpose D. spirit
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. D 24. B 25. D 26. A 27. C 28. D 29. D 30. B 31. D 32. A 33. B 34. A 35. C
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了现年98岁的欧文斯的早年经历以及她在医院做志愿者的故事。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：现年98岁的欧文斯在丈夫20年前去世后就开始在医院做志愿者。A. volunteering志愿者；B. training培训；C. working工作；D. nursing护理。根据下文中的Owens is approaching 7,000 hours in volunteer time.可知，欧文斯在医院做志愿者，故A项正确。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我丈夫在这里住过院（曾是这家医院的患者），四年来断断续续地住了六个星期的院。A. doctor医生；B. expert专家；C. patient病人；D. assistant助手。根据空后的Everyone at the hospital had been so good to us when he was sick.可知，欧文斯的丈夫生病的时候，医院里的每个人对他们夫妇俩都很好，这说明欧文斯的丈夫在这里住过院（曾是这家医院的患者），故C项正确。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她解释道：“他生病（住院）的时候，医院里的每个人对我们都很好”。A. commented发表评论；B. promised承诺；C. responded答复；D. explained解释。空后的Everyone at the hospital had been so good to us when he was sick. 是欧文斯解释说的话，故D项正确。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了表达她的感激之情，欧文斯想以另一种方式回报这家医院。A. attitude态度；B. appreciation感激；C. sympathy同情；D. response回答。空前一句说欧文斯的丈夫生病（住院）的时候，医院里的每个人对他们夫妇俩都很好，因此她要表达对医院的感激，故B项正确、
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她说：我没有几百万美元，但我可以献出我的时间。A. hand手；B. love爱；C. smile微笑；D. time时间。根据上文中的Owens, who is now 98, started ___1___at the hospital after her husband died nearly 20 years ago.可知，现年98岁的欧文斯在丈夫20年前去世后就开始在医院做志愿者，因此此处是说她可以献出自己的时间（在医院做志愿者），故D项正确。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在我年纪大了，不像以前那样到处走动了，所以我每周只有一天去做志愿者。A. old年纪大的；B. strong强壮的；C. sick生病的；D. lucky幸运的。根据上文中的Owens, who is now 98可知，欧文斯现在已经98岁了，年纪已经非常大了，故A项正确。
【27题详解】
考查短语词义辨析。句意同上。A. had to不得不；B. hoped to希望；C. used to过去常常；D. ought to应该。根据上文中的I used to give three days a week及空后的so I only give one day a week.可知，欧文斯以前一周有三天去做志愿者，现在一周只有一天去做志愿者，这说明她现在年纪太大，不能像以前那样走得那么多了，故C项正确。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了每周四小时的轮班，她请一名志愿者载她上下班，她现在把这位志愿者称为自己的朋友。A. stand站立；B. ride车程；C. turn转动；D. shift轮班。根据上文可知，欧文斯现在每周去医院做一次志愿服务，因此此处指“去医院上班”，故D项正确。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：每周二，理查德都会去我家接我，送我来医院。A. day白天；B. Monday周一；C. morning早晨；D. Tuesday周二。根据上文中的When you walk through the doors of Morton Plant Hospital on an early Tuesday afternoon, you’ ll be greeted by the comforting voice of Mary Ellen Owens.可知，欧文斯每周二去医院做志愿服务，故D项正确。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不认为像我这个年纪的人还应该开车。A. struggling挣扎；B. driving开车；C. running跑步；D. changing改变。根据上文中的To get to her weekly four － hour ___8___, Owens receives a ride from a volunteer who she now calls her friend.可知，为了每周四小时的轮班，她请一名志愿者载她上下班，这说明她不认为自己还能开车去上班，故B项正确。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她也有机会出演1939年拍摄的经典电影《乱世佳人》。A. part部分；B. character特性；C. performance表演；D. opportunity机会。根据空后的turn it down.可知，欧文斯曾有机会出演1939年拍摄的经典电影《乱世佳人》，但她拒绝了，故D项正确。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：不过，因为她当时还有其他工作，欧文斯决定拒绝（出演《乱世佳人》）。A. decided决定；B. hoped希望；C. agreed同意；D. happened发生。根据空前的Because she had other work at the time可知，为她当时还有其他工作，所以欧文斯决定拒绝出演《乱世佳人》，故A项正确。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意： 她笑着说：“在生活中没有做过的事比我做过的事更有趣”。A. difficult困难的；B. interesting有趣的；C. well-paid高薪的；D. challenging有挑战性的。根据空前的She also had a（ n） ____11____to be in the 1939 film classic Gone with the Wind. Because she had other work at the time, however, Owens ____12____to turn it down.可知，欧文斯曾有机会出演1939年拍摄的经典电影《乱世佳人》，但她当时还有其他工作，所以她拒绝了，此处她解释拒绝出演《乱世佳人》的原因——没有做过的事比做过的事更有趣，故B项正确。
【34题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：既然她现在还能干得动（身体情况还允许），欧文斯仍打算继续怀揣着这样一个目的生活——微笑着问候每一位病人。A. Now that既然；B. Guessing that猜测；C. Supposing that假如；D. Except that除了……之外。根据空后的she’ s in her golden years, Owens plans to continue to live her life with ___15___by greeting each patient with a smile.可知，既然她现在还能干得动（身体情况还允许），欧文斯仍打算继续怀揣着这样一个目的生活——微笑着问候每一位病人（继续做志愿者），故A项正确。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. relief安慰；B. success成功；C. purpose目的；D. spirit精神。根据空后的by greeting each patient with a smile可知，微笑着问候每一位病人是欧文斯生活中的一个目的，故C项正确。
【点睛】本篇第13空D项challenging干扰性较大，有些同学会认为没有做过的事情比做过的事情更具挑战性而误选此项， 但根据空前的She also had a（ n） ____11____to be in the 1939 film classic Gone with the Wind. Because she had other work at the time, however, Owens ____12____to turn it down.可知，欧文斯曾有机会出演1939年拍摄的经典电影《乱世佳人》，但她当时还有其他工作，所以她拒绝了，此处她解释拒绝出演《乱世佳人》的原因——没有做过的事比做过的事更有趣，故B项（interesting）正确。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Holi is the ancient Hindu festival of colours and love. It ___36___(celebrate) in India and Nepal and many parts of South Asia. There are also lots of Holi celebrations in the UK, organized ___37___the large British -Hindu community.
Holi marks the beginning of spring. The dates change each year according to the full moon, but it is ___38___(normal) in March and sometimes in late February. Its celebrations happened as early as the ___39___ (five) century. It is a celebration of good winning over evil, and a time to give thanks for the good harvest.
In recent years, holi -themed events have become popular with a new generation in Europe and North America. Every year, large ___40___(crowd) of people go to Holi events in London andall over the country. There are paint -throwing parties at music festivals and races like the five-kilometre ‘ Colour Run’ , ___41___ is celebrated in more than 35 different countries. It does not matter ___42___you are rich, poor, old or young ,everyone can throw coloured paint powder at each other. They arrive dressed in white T -shirts and return ___43___(cover) from head to toe in bright colours. In the UK, restaurants and cultural organisations also offer their own Holi celebrations, with special menus, Indian music and dance.
There is a spirit of togetherness and ___44___(equal) in Holi. It is a time _____45_____ (forgive) people and repair broken relationships, as well as meet with other people, play and have fun.
【答案】36. is celebrated
37. by 38. normally
39. fifth 40. crowds
41. which 42. whether/if
43. covered
44. equality
45. to forgive
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了印度胡里节的时间、精神以及庆祝活动。
【36题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：印度、尼泊尔和南亚许多地区都过胡里节。陈述的是客观事实，主语It 与celebrate之间是被动关系，所以用一般现在时的被动语态，且谓语动词用单数，故填is celebrated。
【37题详解】
考查介词。句意：在英国也有很多胡里节的庆祝活动，由大型的英属印度教社区组织。根据“organized”可知此处用被动语态，community是organize这一动作的主体，故填by。
【38题详解】
考查副词。句意：每年的日期都会随着满月的变化而变化，但通常是在3月，有时是在2月下旬。修饰介词短语“in March”用副词，故填normally。
【39题详解】
考查序数词。句意：它的庆祝活动早在五世纪就开始了。根据句意可知此处表示“第五”，故填fifth。
【40题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：每年，大批的人前往伦敦和全国各地参加胡里节活动。crowds of是固定短语，表示“成群的”，故填crowds。
【41题详解】
考查非限定性定语从句。句意：音乐节上有泼漆派对，还有像五公里彩车赛跑这样的比赛，35个不同的国家都举办五公里彩车赛跑。此处为非限定性定语从句，关系词指代先行词the five-kilometre‘Colour Run’并在从句中作主语，故填which。
【42题详解】
考查主语从句。句意：不管你是富人、穷人、老人还是年轻人，每个人都可以互相泼颜料粉。分析句子结构可知本句中it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的从句，根据句意可知此处表示“是否”，故填whether/if。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：他们来的时候穿着白色T恤，回家的时候从头到脚都被泼上了颜色鲜艳的颜料粉。分析句子结构可知此处使用非谓语动词，They与cover之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，表示被动，用过去分词作状语，故填covered。
【44题详解】
考查名词。句意：胡里节传递一种团结和平等的精神。此处与togetherness并列用名词作介词of的宾语，根据句意可知此处表示“平等”，故填equality。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这是一个原谅别人、修复破碎关系的时刻，也是一个与他人见面、玩耍和娱乐的时刻。time后用不定式作后置定语，表示“……的时刻”，故填to forgive。
第三部分写作（共两节；满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46.假定你是李华。你的外籍教师John本打算春季开学时返回中国，现因新冠（COVID－19）疫情待在London家中。你在英语学习中遇到了一些困难，请给他写一封email寻求帮助。内容如下：
1.询问John的健康情况；
2.告知学习中的困难；
3.请求帮助。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear John,
How are you doing recently? I'm sorry to hear that you have to stay home in London because of the outbreak of COVID－19. I think you will take good care of your health in this emergency period, as you are a cautious person and will respond to the call for epidemic prevention. Although the epidemic situation in our country has been under control, we are still having online lessons at home. Unfortunately, I'm having some trouble with my English study. What has been bothering me recently is that I have difficulty in making sentences with new words. I hope you can give me some useful advice, as you are very experienced in dealing with such problems.
Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】
本篇书面表达是应用文，要求写一封书信。
【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本文要求写一封电子邮件：假定你是李华。你的外籍教师John本打算春季开学时返回中国，现因新冠（COVID－19）疫情待在London家中。你在英语学习中遇到了一些困难，请给他写一封email寻求帮助,内容如下：1.询问John的健康情况；2.告知学习中的困难；3.请求帮助。时态应为一般现在时。
第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如：outbreak(爆发)，emergency period(非常时期)，epidemic prevention(防疫)，useful(有用的)，experienced(有经验的)及cautious(谨慎的)等。
第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持卷面的整洁美观。
【点睛】范文语言地道，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级词汇和句式，高级词汇有because of(由于)，take good care of(好好照顾)，having trouble with (在某方面有麻烦)，have difficulty in doing(做某事有困难)，respond to(响应)以及deal with(处理)，而且还使用了宾语从句I'm sorry to hear that you have to stay home in London because of the outbreak of COVID－19.主语从句What has been bothering me recently is that I have difficulty in making sentences with new words. 状语从句I think you will take good care of your health in this emergency period, as you are a cautious person and will respond to the call for epidemic prevention. Although the epidemic situation in our country has been under control, we are still having online lessons at home.及I hope you can give me some useful advice, as you are very experienced in dealing with such problems.全文没有语法错误，上下句转换自然流畅。
第二节（满分25分）
47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
There was once a wonderful old man who loved everything: animals, spiders, insects and allsorts of living things.
One day while walking through the woods, the old man found a cocoon(茧) . He decided to take the cocoon home to watch its beautiful transformation from a little cocoon to a beautiful butterfly.
A few days later, the cocoon started to move. It moved frantically! He sat and watched it struggle and struggle for several hours. But it seemed not to make any progress. Then the old man felt sorry for the little butterfly inside, and rushed to its aid. With a pair of scissors and gently, he cut a little opening in the cocoon so the butterfly could come out. And then the butterfly came out of its cocoon. It had a swollen body and small, fragile wings, but it never was able to fly.
He was quite puzzled. Had he accidentally killed the little butterfly? No, it was still moving a little bit. Maybe it was sick. Then he decided that the best thing he could do for the butterfly was to place it gently back into its cocoon. He did so, and placed a drop of honey on it to seal the cocoon, leaving the butterfly to nestle (筑巢) in its natural state.
The next day he noticed that the cocoon was moving again. It struggled and struggled. Finally the butterfly broke free from its cocoon and stretched its wings out. Its beautiful wings were filled with wonderful colors! It took off! It was flying!
The wonderful butterfly flew and flew till it was almost out of the old man’ s sight. What a joy, he exclaimed! But then he started to think: what did I do wrong by trying to help that beautiful little butterfly out at first?
Finally the answer came out.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Sometimes struggles are exactly what we need in our life.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Finally the answer came out. What the man in his kindness and haste did not understand was that the restricting cocoon and the struggle required for the butterfly to get through the tiny opening were Nature's way of forcing fluid from the body of the butterfly into its wings so that it would be ready for flight once it achieved its freedom from the cocoon.
Sometimes struggles are exactly what we need in our life. If we were allowed to go through our life without any obstacles and difficulties, it would cripple us. We would not be as strong as what we could have been. And we could never fly. In fact, it is necessary to live with some difficulties. And it is these obstacles and difficulties that make us strong and get prepared for the greater challenges in our life.
【解析】
【分析】
本篇书面表达是读后续写，要求根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段。
【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本文要求续写两段：阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文，续写的词数应为150左右，时态应为一般过去时。
第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如； kindness(善良)，haste(草率)，restricting(限制的)，struggle(努力)，spread(传播)，require(需要)，obstacle(障碍)，difficulty(困难)，flight(飞行)，freedom(自由)，cripple(使变残)及challenge(挑战)等。
第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持卷面的整洁美观。
【点睛】范文语言地道，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级词汇和句式，高级词汇有get through(通过、熬过)，go through(通过)，be allowed to do (被允许做)，be ready for（为……做好准备）以及get prepared for（为……做准备），in fact（事实上），而且还使用了主语从句和表语从句What the man in his kindness and haste did not understand was that the restricting cocoon and the struggle required for the butterfly to get through the tiny opening were Nature's way of forcing fluid from the body of the butterfly into its wings，状语从句If we were allowed to go through our life without any obstacles and difficulties, it would cripple us.宾语从句We would not be as strong as what we could have been. 形式主语In fact, it is necessary to live with some difficulties.强调句型And it is these obstacles and difficulties that make us strong and get prepared for the greater challenges in our life.全文没有语法错误，上下句转换自然流畅。
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