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北京市延庆区2020届高三3月模拟考试英语试题
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延庆区2020届高三模拟考试试卷
英语试题
（考试时间：100分钟 试卷满分：120分）
考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将答题卡交回。
第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）
第一节 语法填空（共10小题：每小题1.5分，共15分）
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
In the early 1800s, Stanislas Baudry built public baths in the center of a town in France. To encourage people to come, Baudry drove a large vehicle around to give people a ride to the baths. He called the vehicle an omnibus, ___1___ is a Latin word meaning “for everyone”. Then he ___2___ (notice) that many passengers would get off at stops during the journey to the baths. So Baudry shifted the focus of his omnibus service. He created a permanent route for passengers ___3___ (board) and get off. Eventually, the omnibus became known ____4____ (simple) as a bus.
【答案】1. which
2. noticed 3. to board
4. simply
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了bus（公共汽车）一词的来源。19世纪初，在法国一个城镇中心经营浴池业的斯塔尼拉斯•鲍德雷，为了吸引顾客，他开着一辆大车接送客人去浴池洗澡。发现乘客在途中就会下车后，他设立了上下车的固定路线。鲍德雷给自己的马车起名为omnibus，是拉丁语“为了大家”的意思，后来就是大家熟知的bus（公共汽车）。
【1题详解】
考查定语从句。本句是非限制性定语从句，先行词是omnibus，指物，且从句中缺主语。故填which。
【2题详解】
考查时态。全文讲述的是一件发生在过去的事，此处填动词notice（注意到）的适当形式，应用一般过去时，故填noticed。
【3题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：他为乘客们创造了一条固定的上下车路线。此处用动词不定式作后置定语，修饰前面的名词route（路线）。故填to board。
4题详解】
考查副词。句意：最终，公共汽车（omnibus）以巴士（bus）的简称而广为人知。副词simply在此处修饰整个句子，故填simply。
【点睛】分析定语从句关键抓住两点：第一、找准先行词；第二、看先行词在定语从句中所作的成分。先行词往往为名词或代词，如第1小题中先行词为名词omnibus，再分析先行词omnibus在定语从句中所作的成分，将先行词omnibus带到从句中可知，在从句中作主语，且为非限制性定语从句，故填which。
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
In the film Frozen 1, Elsa and Anna are sisters who live in a kingdom called Arendella. Elsa is born ___5___ special powers that allow her to create ice and snow. Elsa’s powers are considered dangerous, ___6___ she must hide them. Eventually she loses control and changes summer to winter. Then Elsa flees from home, and Anna goes on a dangerous journey to find her sister. Along the way, Anna teams up with a man ___7___ (name) Kristof and his reindeer（驯鹿）)Sven. A talking snowman, Olaf also accompanies them. In the end, it’s Anna’s love for her sister that saves the day.
【答案】5. with
6. so 7. named
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了电影《冰雪奇缘1》的故事情节。艾尔莎和安娜是一对姐妹。艾尔莎生来就具有创造冰雪的独特能力，她控制不住这项能力，把夏天变成了冬天。然后艾尔莎逃离了家，安娜开始了一段危险的旅程去寻找艾尔莎。最后，是安娜对她姐姐的爱使一切恢复正常。
【5题详解】
考查固定搭配。所填空后紧跟名词“special powers（独特的能力）”，be born with意为“与生俱来”，符合语境，故填with。
【6题详解】
考查连词。分析句子可知，所填空需填一个连词，空前：Elsa’s powers are considered dangerous（艾尔莎的能力被认为是危险的）, 空后：she must hide them（她必须把能力隐藏起来），前后是因果关系，因此填so（所以）符合逻辑关系，故填so。
【7题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：一路上，安娜和一个叫克里斯托夫的人以及他的驯鹿斯文一起。此处a man和name之间是一种被动关系，是过去分词作后置定语，故填named。
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
According to the World Wildlife Fund, only about 3,890 tigers are left in the wild. India is home to 70 percent of them, and its role in ___8___ (ensure) the big cat’s survival can’t be understated. Tiger numbers in India are believed to have dropped from about 40,000 at the beginning of the ____9____（19）century to just 1,800 in the early 1970s, when India launched the conservation program Project Tiger. Kanha was one of the original nine____10____ (reserve) set up under that program.
【答案】8. ensuring
9. 19th 10. reserves
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了野生老虎的濒危情况以及印度的相关保护措施。印度的老虎数量从19世纪初的4万只左右下降到20世纪70年代初的1800只，当时印度启动了老虎保护计划。
【8题详解】
考查非谓语动词。介词后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语，此处是填动词ensure的适当形式，故此处选用动名词ensuring作介词in的宾语。故填ensuring。
【9题详解】
考查序数词。“19世纪”的英文表达为the 19th century，由空前的定冠词the和空后的century及上下文含义可知此处表达的19世纪，故填19th。
【10题详解】
考查名词。句意：甘哈是该计划下最初设立的9个保护区之一。“one of +the +形容词+名词复数”是英语中的固定搭配，表示“……是……的……之一”，故填reserves。
第二节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A Grateful Patient
I took a job as a receptionist for a vet (兽医) almost five decades ago. As a keen animal lover, I accepted the position on the condition that I wouldn’t have to assist with any wounded animals. I couldn’t ____11____ to see any creature in pain.
At the end of my first week, we were closing the office for the day when a young man ran up to us holding a severely___12___ Doberman Pinscher puppy(杜宾幼犬) in his arms and___13___ us to save his life. The four-month-old puppy had been hit by a car.
The vet and I ran back into the ___14___room. It was hurt badly. The only place the skin was still attached to this poor little animal’s body was around one shoulder. The vet worked tirelessly for what seemed like___15___, sewing him back together again. That was the ___16___ part. The puppy had broken too many bones, including his spine(脊柱). Even if he ____17____ the next few days, we were quite sure he would never walk again.
That day forever ___18___ my life. The vet instructed me, and I became his___19___ in all things medical. One of my first jobs was to give that Doberman puppy daily physical ___20___. I remember moving his tiny legs to try to keep his ___21___ from withering(萎缩).
Weeks went by until one day, I felt this little fighter push back ever so___22___. And he continued to push back___23___ he could finally use his legs. It recovered.
Fast-forward about a year, I walked into the clinic’s crowded waiting room and called the name of the next client. Suddenly, a/an _____24_____ Doberman who had been standing quietly with his owner on the opposite side of the room ___25___ loose and rushed toward me. I found myself ___26___ against the wall with this magnificent dog standing on his hind legs, his front paws on my shoulders, ___27___ my face with plentiful and joyful kisses!
I still tear up in amazement at the display of love and ___28___ the dog had for me that day all those years ago. I _____29_____ to be a vet technician for 14 years, and since retirement, I’ve volunteered at a no-kill animal shelter. In all the time that has passed and all the experiences I have had, I’ve ___30___ met a dog who didn’t know that it had been rescued in one way or another.
11. A. help B. stop C. bear D. offer
12. A. punished B. poisoned C. affected D. injured
13. A. begged B. blamed C. reminded D. forced
14. A. sitting B. waiting C. nursing D. operating
15. A. years B. hours C. minutes D. seconds
16. A. cruel B. easy C. tough D. calm
17. A. survived B. existed C. struggled D. solved
18. A. improved B. saved C. changed D. damaged
19. A. applicant B. servant C. consultant D. assistant
20. A. management B. treatment C. recovery D. capacity
21. A. muscles B. skin C. bone D. hair
22. A. seriously B. heavily C. slightly D. rapidly
23. A. after B. as C. till D. when
24. A. awkward B. tiny C. weak D. huge
25. A. hung B. broke C. pulled D. stayed
26. A. pinned B. stuck C. plugged D. hugged
27. A. barking B. hitting C. washing D. biting
28. A. inspiration B. gratitude C. embarrassment D. sympathy
29. A. tried on B. acted on C. settled on D. went on
30. A. never B. ever C. even D. seldom
【答案】11. C 12. D 13. A 14. D 15. B 16. B 17. A 18. C 19. D 20. B 21. A 22. C 23. C 24. D 25. B 26. A 27. C 28. B 29. D 30. A
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了我和我照顾的一位病人——一只杜宾狗之间感人又令人惊奇的故事。五十年前我在一家兽医所工作。有一天接待了一个被车撞得很严重的小杜宾犬，后来经过我的细心照料后它痊愈了。一年后长大了的它回来感谢我，我对此感到既惊奇又感动。
【11题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：我不忍心看到任何受疼痛折磨的生物。A. help帮助；B. stop停止；C. bear忍受；D. offer提供。根据上文“As a keen animal lover, I accepted the position on the condition that I wouldn’t have to assist with any wounded animals.（作为一个热爱动物的人，我接受了这个职位，条件是我不必帮助任何受伤的动物。）”及逻辑推理可判断出我不想帮受伤的动物的原因是不能忍受看到它们受疼痛折磨，故选C项。
【12题详解】
考查形容词辨析。句意：在我第一周上班的快结束时，我们正要关门，一个年轻人抱着一只受伤严重的杜宾幼犬，跑过来求我们救救它。A. punished受处罚的；B. poisoned中毒的；C. affected受影响的；D. injured受伤的。由下文“The four-month-old puppy had been hit by a car.（这只四个月大的小狗被汽车撞了。）”及“It was hurt badly.（它受了重伤。）”可知这只小杜宾犬受伤了，故选D项。
【13题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：在我第一周上班的快结束时，我们正要关门，一个年轻人抱着一只受伤严重的杜宾幼犬，跑过来求我们救救它。A. begged乞求；B. blamed责备；C. reminded提醒；D. forced强迫。beg sb. to do sth.意为“恳求某人做某事”，根据常识可知这位年轻人抱着受伤的小狗来兽医所，并恳请我们救治它。故选A项。
【14题详解】
考查形容词辨析。句意：兽医和我跑回手术室。A. sitting坐着；B. waiting等待；C. nursing护理；D. operating手术。由下文“The vet worked tirelessly for what seemed like___5___, sewing him back together again.”可知兽医不知疲倦地做好缝合工作，由此可推断出他们跑回手术室给小狗做手术，the operating room意为“手术室”，故选D项。
【15题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：兽医不知疲倦地工作了几个小时，做好缝合工作。A. years年；B. hours小时；C. minutes分钟；D. seconds秒。根据选项可知此处选择兽医工作的时间，“几小时”最符合常理，故选B项。
【16题详解】
考查形容词辨析。句意：这一部分很简单。A. cruel残酷的；B. easy容易的；C. tough坚强的；D. calm冷静的。根据下文“The puppy had broken too many bones（它的很多骨头都断了）”，“we were quite sure he would never walk again.（我们十分确信它再也不能走了）”可知与断了骨头相比，缝合工作是相对简单的，故选B项。
【17题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：即使它在接下来的几天里活了下来，我们也确信它再也不能走路了。A. survived幸存；B. existed存在；C. struggled挣扎；D. solved解决。此句是Even if 引导的让步状语从句，根据上文知这只小狗伤得很严重，由感情色彩可判断出此处填“幸存下来”最符合语境，故选A项。
【18题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：那一天彻底改变了我的生活。A. improved改进；B. saved拯救；C. changed改变；D. damaged损坏。由第一段中的“I accepted the position on the condition that I wouldn’t have to assist with any wounded animals.（我接受了这个职位，条件是我不必帮助任何受伤的动物。）”可知我在刚接受这份工作时，是不打算帮助救治受伤的动物的。但是根据下文“I remember moving his tiny legs to try to keep his ___11___ from withering.（我记得我移动他的小腿，试图防止他的肌肉萎缩。）”可知我帮助治疗受伤的动物。因此可知那天的事情改变了我。故选C项。
【19题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：兽医指导我成为他医疗方面的助手。A. applicant申请者；B. servant佣人；C. consultant顾问；D. assistant助理。根据下文“One of my first jobs was to give that Doberman puppy daily physical ___10___.（我的第一份工作就是每天给那只杜宾犬做身体治疗。）”可知我做了兽医的助手，故选D项。
【20题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：我的第一份工作就是每天给那只杜宾犬做身体治疗。A. management管理；B. treatment治疗；C. recovery恢复；D. capacity能力。根据下文“I remember moving his tiny legs to try to keep his ___11___ from withering.（我记得我移动他的小腿，试图防止他的肌肉萎缩。）”可知我给这只小狗做身体治疗，故选B项。
【21题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：我记得我移动它的小腿，试图防止它的肌肉萎缩。A. muscles肌肉；B. skin皮肤；C. bone骨头；D. hair头发。keep sb. from doing sth.意为“阻止某人做某事”，根据常识可知移动它的小腿是防止肌肉萎缩，故选A项。
【22题详解】
考查副词辨析。句意：几周过去了，直到有一天，我觉得这个小斗士轻轻地向后推了推腿。A. seriously严重地；B. heavily沉重地；C. slightly轻轻地；D. rapidly快速地。此处是选择合适副词修饰动词词组push back，由上文“It was hurt badly.”知这只小狗伤得很重，在我给他做了几周治疗后，按照常理可知，push back（向后推）这个动作是轻轻地做出的，故选C项。
【23题详解】
考查连词辨析。句意：他继续向后推，直到最后能用上双腿。A. after之后；B. as作为；C. till直到；D. when当……时候。空前“And he continued to push back（它继续后推）”与空后“he could finally use his legs（最终它能使用腿了。）”中缺少连词，此处填till（直到）最符合逻辑关系，故选C项。
【24题详解】
考查形容词辨析。句意：突然，一只一直和主人静静地站在房间对面的大杜宾挣脱开来朝我冲过来。A. awkward令人尴尬的；B. tiny微小的；C. weak虚弱的；D. huge巨大的。根据下文“with this magnificent dog standing on his hind legs, his front paws on my shoulders（这只美极了的狗后腿着地，前爪搭在我的肩膀上）”可知这只狗体型很大，故选D项。
【25题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：突然，一只一直和主人静静地站在房间对面的大杜宾挣脱开来朝我冲过来。A. hung挂；B. broke打破；C. pulled拉；D. stayed待。由下文“rushed toward me（朝我跑过来）”，可知所填空为“挣脱束缚”，broke loose意为“挣脱束缚”，故选B项。
26题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：我发现自己被压在墙上，这只美极了的狗站在他的后腿上，前爪放在我的肩膀上，猛烈又快乐地亲吻着我的脸！A. pinned别上，压；B. stuck陷（入），困（于）；C. plugged堵塞的；D. hugged拥抱。分析句子可知，此处是“find+宾语+宾补”结构，缺少宾补成分，“myself（我自己）”和“the wall（墙）”之间填“pinned（压）”最为恰当，故选A项。
【27题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：我发现自己被压在墙上，这只美极了的狗站在他的后腿上，前爪放在我的肩膀上，猛烈又快乐地亲吻着我的脸！A. barking吠；B. hitting打；C. washing洗；D. biting咬。根据下文“with plentiful and joyful kisses猛烈又快乐的亲吻”可判断出此处愉快的感情色彩，“B. hitting打；D. biting咬”都不符合此处愉快的感情色彩，“A. barking吠”不能与“kisses”搭配。故选C项。
【28题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：几年前的那一天，狗对我的爱和感激之情溢于言表，我至今仍感到惊讶。A. inspiration灵感；B. gratitude感激；C. embarrassment尴尬；D. sympathy同情。根据文章标题“A Grateful Patient（表达感激的病人）”，及上文“with plentiful and joyful kisses猛烈又快乐的亲吻”可推断出这只狗对我除了表达爱意之外还表达了感激，故选B项。
29题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我后来继续当了14年兽医技术员，退休后，我在一个禁止杀戮的动物收容所做志愿者。A. tried on试穿；B. acted on采取行动；C. settled on决定；D. went on继续。联系上文“I still tear up in amazement at the display of love and ___18___ the dog had for me that day all those years ago.（几年前的那一天，狗对我的爱和感激之情溢于言表，我至今仍感到惊讶。）”，承接上文，自从那天起，我继续做兽医技术员，故选D项。
【30题详解】
考查副词辨析。句意：在过去的所有时间里，在我所有的经历中，我从来没有遇到过一只不知道它是以某种方式被救出来的狗。A. never从不；B. ever曾；C. even甚至；D. seldom很少。文章主要讲了我和一只充满爱和感恩的狗之间的故事，所以作者认为狗是记得救过他的人的，由下文中的“who didn’t know”可知是否定，表示不知道，双重否定表示肯定，因此所填空也需要用否定，never用在此处符合语境，故选A项。
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Airplane Stories and Histories
Norman Currey www.xlibris.com
Hardback | Paperback | E-book $29.99 | $19.99 | $3.99
Airplane Stories and Histories records 200 years of aviation highlights. A bibliography is provided for enthusiasts to explore the subjects at greater depth.
Tips ’n Tales from the Trails
Vicki Evenson www.xlibris.com
Hardback | Paperback | E-book $29.99 | $19.99 | $3.99
Tips ’n Tales from the Trails offers information and advice for any horseperson considering interstate trail riding. It provides helpful insights when preparing and planning for expansion of the reader’s own adventures.
The Rhythm of My Life
Tuning into the Rocky Rhythm of Fire
Yvon Milien www.iuniverse.com
Hardback | Paperback | E-book $26.99 | $13.99 | $3.99
This autobiography shares the story of the author’s life and how he found the inner strength to overcome the challenges.
On The Healing Road Through The Eyes Of An Adoptee
The Poet Dena www.authorhouse.com
Paperback | E-book $13.99 | $3.99
Therapeutic poetry is what the Poet Dena offers. As you go along The Healing Road, you will find at least a few words to help lighten your own struggles.
The Adventures of Mr. Fuzzy Ears Searching for a Furry Friend
Donna Carr Roberts www.iuniverse.com
Hardback | Paperback | E-book $35.95 | $22.95 | $3.99
The story of a fuzzy little dog who searched for a friend in all the wrong places until…
The Girl from Copenhagen
Glenn Peterson www.xlibris.com
Hardback | Paperback | E-book $29.99 | $19.99 | $3.99
The Girl from Copenhagen is a autobiography about the life of author Glenn Peterson’s mother, from childhood to old age.
31. If Tom likes reading poems, he might buy ___________.
A. Airplane Stories and Histories B. Tips ’n Tales from the Trails
C. On The Healing Road D. The Rhythm of My Life
32. We can learn from the text that _____________.
A. The Rhythm of My Life is about a musician’s life.
B. Airplane Stories and Histories is a book intended for pilots
C. The Adventures of Mr. Fuzzy Ears is about a dog searching for his master
D. Tips ’n Tales from the Trails gives suggestions on horse riding in the wild
33. Which book is similar to The Girl from Copenhagen in style?
A. Airplane Stories and Histories B. On The Healing Road
C. The Rhythm of My Life D. The Adventures of Mr. Fuzzy Ears
【答案】31. C 32. D 33. C
【解析】
这是一篇应用文。文章包含6本书的相关信息介绍，相关信息有：书名，作者，网站，包装，价格，故事梗概。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据On The Healing Road Through The Eyes Of An Adoptee部分的“Therapeutic poetry is what the Poet Dena offers.（诗人德娜提供的是治疗性诗歌。）”可知喜欢诗歌的人可能会买诗人德娜写的On The Healing Road这本书，故选C项。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据Tips’ n Tales from the Trails部分的“Tips’ n Tales from the Trails offers information and advice for any horseperson considering interstate trail riding.（Tips’ n Tales from the Trails这本书为任何考虑去州际乡间小路骑行的骑马手提供信息和建议）”可知这本书为去野外骑马给出了建议，D项符合以上描述，故选D项。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据The Girl from Copenhagen 段中的“The Girl from Copenhagen is a autobiography......（The Girl from Copenhagen是一本自传……）” 以及The Rhythm of My Life部分的“This autobiography shares the story of the author’s life and how he found the inner strength to overcome the challenges.（这本自传讲述了作者的生平，以及他如何找到克服挑战的内在力量。）”可知这两本书都是自传文体，故选C项。
B
When I was about 12 years old, my older brother, James, smuggled a BB gun into the house. Our parents had told us many times that we were not allowed to bring home guns or knives, even if they were just toys. Having any form of weaponry in our home was strictly forbidden.
James brought me to his room. He opened his closet door and took out a shoebox that was buried beneath a heap of clothes. The BB gun was inside. I was immediately enamored by the shiny barrel.
"Can I shoot it, Jamesie?" I asked, hopefully.
"No way," James said, taking it from me and putting it back.
One day, when no one was home, I went into James' closet and took it out. For some inexplicable reason - I have no idea what I was thinking - I went to the front window of the second floor in our row house. I cracked the window open. I pointed the gun outside and shot. I quickly shut the window and peeked outside.
In a matter of seconds, old Mr. Schlosberg came out of his grocery store. He looked back at his store window. He looked up the street. He looked down the street. Then he looked straight across to our house.
Thankfully, Jamesie made it home before Mother or Father.
As he stepped through the door, I could hear old Mr. Schlosberg call his name. "James, James," he called. "Come here, son."
After several minutes, James ran back across the street and into the living room. I had retreated into the kitchen. "Alma!" he screamed. "Get out here! You cracked Mr. Schlosberg's window with my BB gun!"
"Oh, please, Jamesie," I begged. "Don't let him tell Mother. She will whip my bottom real good!" Jamesie sighed. He wiped my tears and went back across the street to Mr. Schlosberg’s. I don't know what James said to that man, but there was never a mention of the incident again.
Years later, I found out Jamesie had used the money he got from his newspaper route to pay for Mr. Schlosberg's cracked window. He only got one cent for every paper he delivered. He managed to pay back the debt just before he went off to fight in World WarII.
Since that day, I have never touched a gun: a BB gun, a water gun, a real gun, or any other type.
34. Why was the gun hidden in the closet?
A. The gun was too expensive.
B. The family had only one gun.
C. The law didn’t allow anyone to have a gun
D. The parents didn’t allow a gun to appear at home.
35. What did Alma expect from James after he shot Mr. Schlosberg’s window?
A. To deal with the problem. B. To talk with his parents.
C. To throw away the gun. D. To tell the truth.
36. Which of the following best describes James as a brother?
A. Responsible and strict. B. Brave and determined.
C. Responsible and caring. D. Naughty and determined.
37. The best title of the passage is _________.
A. a warmhearted brother B. a BB gun
C. a cracked window D. an incident
【答案】34. D 35. A 36. C 37. B
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了我12岁时，我和哥哥之间的故事。当时我们的父母不允许我们带刀枪回家，哥哥偷偷在橱子里藏了一把BB枪，有一天我用它打碎了杂货店的玻璃，后来哥哥用他送报纸的钱帮我赔偿。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Our parents had told us many times that we were not allowed to bring home guns or knives, even if they were just toys.（我们的父母曾多次告诉我们，不允许我们带着枪或刀回家，即使它们只是玩具也不行。）”可知把枪藏在橱子里的原因是父母不允许家里有枪出现，故选D项。
【35题详解】
细节理解题。根据第十段中的我乞求哥哥时说的话“Oh, please, Jamesie. Don't let him tell Mother. She will whip my bottom real good!（求你了，杰米西。别让他告诉妈妈。她会狠狠地揍我一顿的！）”在我打碎了老施洛斯伯格先生杂货店的窗户之后，我期盼着哥哥回来帮我解决问题。故选A项。
【36题详解】
推理判断题。根据“He wiped my tears（他擦干我的眼泪）”可以看出哥哥关心、体贴他人；根据“He managed to pay back the debt just before he went off to fight in World War II.（他在参加第二次世界大战前还清了债务。）”可知哥哥设法赔偿我打坏的窗户，可以看出哥哥负责任的品质。故选C项。
【37题详解】
主旨大意题。文章开头有介绍“我们的父母曾多次告诉我们，不允许我们带着枪或刀回家，但是哥哥在家藏了一把BB枪。”文章中间段落叙述了我用BB枪干了坏事，哥哥帮我补偿。文章最后一段描述“从那以后，我再也不碰任何枪支，包括BB枪。”文章围绕BB枪展开描述，因此用“a BB gun（一把BB枪）”作标题最为合适，故选B项。
C
No longer in the pink
Corals are comeback creatures. As the world froze and melted and sea levels rose and fell over 30,000 years, Australia’s Great Barrier Reef, which is roughly the size of Italy, died and revived five times. But now, thanks to human activity, corals face the most complex condition they have yet had to deal with.
According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate change, a rise in global temperatures of 1.5oC could cause coral reefs to decline 70-90%. The planet is about 1oC hotter than in the 19th century and its seas are becoming warmer, stormier and more acidic. This is already affecting relations between corals and the single-celled algae (海藻), which give them their color. When waters become unusually warm, algae float away, leaving reefs a ghostly white. This “bleaching” is happening five times as often as it did in the 1970s. Meanwhile the changing chemistry of the oceans makes it harder for corals to form their structures.
If corals go, divers and marine biologists are not the only people who will miss them. Reefs take up only a percent of the sea floor, but support a quarter of the planet’s fish diversity. The fish that reefs shelter are especially valuable to their poorest human neighbors, many of whom depend on them as a source of protein. Roughly an eighth of the world’s population lives within 100km of a reef. Corals also protect 150,000km of shoreline in more than 100 countries and territories from the oceans buffeting, as well as generating billions of dollars in tourism revenue.
Coral systems must adapt if they are to survive. They need protection from local sources of harm. Their eco-systems suffer from waste from farms, building sites and blast fishing. Governments need to impose tighter rules on these industrials, such as tougher local building codes, and to put more effort into enforcing rules against overfishing.
Setting up marine protected areas could also help reefs. Locals who fear for their livelihoods could be given work as rangers with the job of looking after the reserves. Visitors to marine parks can be required to pay a special tax, like what has been done in the Caribbean.
Many reefs that have been damaged could benefit from restoration. Coral’s biodiversity offers hope, because the same coral will grow differently under different conditions. Corals of the western Pacific, for example, can withstand higher temperatures than the same species in the eastern Pacific, which proves a way forward to encourage corals to grow in new spots.
38. According to the passage, what may happen to corals when waters become warm?
A. Turning white B. Getting pink
C. Being active D. Becoming colorful
39. According to the passage,corals can _______ the changing in the nature.
A. live with B. escape from
C. die in D. recovery from
40. According to Paragraph 4, the governments should__________.
A. carry out stricter rules on industries around the coast
B. call on volunteers to look after the marine reserves
C. reduce the number of visitors to the marine parks
D. ban people from fishing in the coral reef areas
41. What’s the main purpose of the passage?
A. To present the importance of coral reef to the world.
B. To introduce the severe effect on coral reef brought by climate change.
C. To propose governments to take action immediately to save coral reef.
D. To attract more attention to coral reef protection.
【答案】38. A 39. A 40. A 41. D
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要描述了珊瑚礁面临复杂环境，它对人类的帮助，针对政府及人类对其保护措施的建议。珊瑚对人类有很多帮助，如保护了100多个国家和地区的15万公里海岸线免受海洋冲击，并创造了数十亿美元的旅游收入。全球变暖及海水变暖使得珊瑚出现“漂白”现象，人们必须要做出保护珊瑚的举措，如建立海洋保护区，加大力度执行禁止过度捕捞的规定等等。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“When waters become unusually warm, algae float away, leaving reefs a ghostly white.（当海水变得异常温暖时，藻类就会漂走，让珊瑚礁变成一片幽灵般的白色。）”可知当海水变暖之后，珊瑚会变成白色，故选A项。
【39题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“As the world froze and melted and sea levels rose and fell over 30,000 years, Australia’s Great Barrier Reef, which is roughly the size of Italy, died and revived five times.（随着世界冰冻、融化，海平面在3万多年间起起落落，澳大利亚的大堡礁，这个和意大利差不多大的地方，经历了五次死亡和复活。）”及“Coral systems must adapt if they are to survive.（珊瑚系统如果要生存就必须适应）”可知珊瑚可以适应自然界的变化。live with意为“适应”，故选A项。
【40题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Governments need to impose tighter rules on these industrials, such as tougher local building codes, and to put more effort into enforcing rules against overfishing.（政府需要对这些行业实施更严格的规定，比如更严格的地方建筑法规，并投入更多的精力来执行禁止过度捕捞的规定。）”可知A项（政府应该对沿海地区的工业实行更严格的规定）符合文中对政府做法的描述。故选A项。
【41题详解】
推理判断题。第一段最后一句“But now, thanks to human activity, corals face the most complex condition they have yet had to deal with.（但现在，由于人类的活动，珊瑚面临着迄今为止最复杂的环境条件。）”引出本文的话题，文章接着描述了珊瑚礁面临的复杂环境，它对人类的帮助，针对政府及人类对其保护措施的建议，从全文可以看出文章的主要意图是想提高人们对珊瑚礁的保护意识，故选D项。
D
Educators today are more and more often heard to say that computer literacy is absolutely necessary for college students. Many even argue that each incoming freshman should have his or her own microcomputer. What advantages do computers offer the college students?
Any student who has used a word processor will know one compelling reason to use a computer: to write papers. Although not all students feel comfortable composing on a word processor, most find revising and editing much easier on it. One can alter, insert, or delete just by pressing a few keys, thus eliminating the need to rewrite or re-type. Furthermore, since the revision process is less difficult, students are more likely to revise as often as is necessary to end up with the best paper possible. For these reasons, many freshman English courses require the use of a word processor.
Computers are also useful in the context of language courses, where they are used to drill students in basic skills. Software programs strengthen ESL(English as a Second Language ) instruction, as well as instruction in French, German, Spanish, and other languages. By using these programs on a regular basis, students can improve their skills in a language while proceeding at their own pace.
Science students take advantage of computers in many ways. Using computer graphic capabilities, for example, botany( 植物学） students can represent and analyze different plant growth patterns. Medical students can learn to interpret computerized images of internal body structures. Physics students can complete complex calculations far
more quickly than they could without the use of computer.
Similarly, business and accounting students find that computer spreadsheet programs are all but important to many aspects of their work, while students pursuing careers in graphic arts, marketing, and public relations find that knowledge of computer graphic is important. Education majors learn to develop grading systems using computers, while social science students use computers for analyzing and graphically displacing their research results.
It is no wonder, then, that educators support the purchase and use of microcomputers by students. A useful tool, the computer can help students learn. And that is, after all, the reason for going to college.
42. The word"literacy" (Line 1,Paragraph 1) means _________.
A. the ability to read and write B. the ability to use
C. literature D. the knowledge of language
43. According to the author, a word processor can be used to_________.
A. revise papers
B. retype papers
C. reduce the psychological burden of writing papers
D. improve the writing skills of a student
44. According to the author, the reason for students to go to college is _________.
A. to learn something B. to perfect themselves
C. to improve computer skills D. to make the best use of computers
45. The main purpose of this passage is to _________.
A. persuade the educators to increase computer use in their own classroom
B. analyze advantages and disadvantages of computer use among college students
C. identify some of the ways that computers benefit college students
D. describe how computers can be used to teach foreign languages
【答案】42. B 43. A 44. A 45. C
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章首段中提到问题：计算机给大学生提供哪些优势。接下来举例介绍：计算机的文字处理器对学生写论文有帮助；在语言课程中计算机帮助学生练习基本技能；在有关科学、经管、教育的课程里都有帮助。
【42题详解】
词义猜测题。literacy最基本的意思是the ability to read and write（读写能力），但根据文章第一句话“Educators today are more and more often heard to say that computer literacy is absolutely necessary for college students.（如今，越来越多的教育工作者说，对大学生来说，计算机素养是绝对必要的。）”因此，此处literacy引申为 “使用的能力”。故选B项。
【43题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Although not all students feel comfortable composing on a word processor, most find revising and editing much easier on it. One can alter, insert, or delete just by pressing a few keys, thus eliminating the need to rewrite or re-type.”（虽然并非所有学生都喜欢在word文档里写东西，但是大部分学生都发现在计算机上进行修改和编辑更加容易。只需按下几个键，你就可以修改、插入或者删除，无需重写或重新输入。）”可知，word程序能帮助学生修改论文。故选A项。
【44题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“A useful tool, the computer can help students learn. And that is, after all, the reason for going to college.（作为一种多功能工具，计算机能够帮助学生学习。毕竟，这也就是读大学的原因。）”可知上大学的终极目标也就是学习。故选A项。
【45题详解】
推理判断题。在第一段最后提出问题“What advantages do computers offer the college students?（计算机能够给大学生带来什么好处呢？）”接着介绍了计算机的文字处理器对学生写论文有帮助；在语言课程中计算机帮助学生练习基本技能；在有关科学、经管、教育的课程里的帮助，故C（描述计算机使大学生受益的一些方式）为正确选项。B项也比较有迷惑性，但文章并未提到disadvantages（劣势），故排除。故选C项。
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
Where do you think the world's happiest people live? Somewhere hot with sandy beaches?A country with a tradition of the fine food and culture? Not according to a recent study by the University of Leicester.Who are the happiest people on Earth?___46___Surprised? Well you'll be more surprised when you hear that the Danes pay some of the highest taxes in the world.So what is the secret of their success?
Let's start with all that tax they pay.The Danish government provides its people with one of the finest education and health systems in the world.It spends more on children and elderly people per capita（人均）than any other country.
___47___Thanks to the tax policy,a shop assistant's final salary is not that much less than someone who works in a bank.As a result,Danes don't choose their careers based on money or status as people in other countries do.They choose the job they want to do.There's a philosophy in Denmark known as "Jante-lov",which translates as "you're no better than anybody else."___48___But workers in other countries are not used to looking at life in this way.
Money doesn't seem as important in Denmark.It has been called a “post consumerist” society.___49___What is more important is the sense of society and it's no surprise that Danes are very used to socializing.92% of Danes belong to some kind of social club and these clubs are even paid for by the government.
___50___They also show an amazing amount of trust in each other and their government.You can see signs of this all over the country.You'll find vegetable stalls with no assistant.You take what you want and leave the money in a basket.Perhaps the bike is a good symbol for Denmark.The Danes can afford cars but they choose bikes-simple, economical,non-polluting machines that show no status and help keep people fit.
A. In a list ranking countries by the happiness of their citizens,it put tropical Fiji 50 places below freezing Iceland.
B. The street sweeper can hold his head up high as he proudly does his job.
C. Danish people aren't as suspicious as many other nations.
D. High taxes in Denmark widen the gap between different jobs.
E. Those 5.5 million people who call Denmark their home.
F. People have nice things in their houses,but they don't attach too much importance to shopping and spending.
G And there's another advantage to those high taxes.
【答案】46. E 47. G 48. B 49. F 50. C
【解析】
本文是说明文。文章介绍了世界上最快乐的人—丹麦人，并介绍了原因。
【46题详解】
根据空前一句Who are the happiest people on Earth?问的是谁是地球上最快乐的人？所以空格肯定是来回答上一句的问，再根据空后一句Well you'll be more surprised when you hear that the Danes pay some of the highest taxes in the world.说到了Danes，丹麦人， 可知是丹麦人最快乐，故选E。
【47题详解】
根据空后一句Thanks to the tax policy，多亏了税收政策，也就是说税收所带来的好处，且本段都在阐明税收的好的一面，因为句中有advantage，意思对应起来了。故选G。
【48题详解】
根据本段中They choose the job they want to do，丹麦人只选他们喜欢的工作，以及空前一句you're no better than anybody else.你并不比其他人好，就是说你和其他人都是一样的，没有高低贵贱之分，故对应选项B中所举例的：扫大街的人会抬头挺胸很自豪地做他的工作，逻辑关系顺畅，故选B。
【49题详解】
根据空前一句Money doesn't seem as important in Denmark.It has been called a “post consumerist” society.在丹麦钱没有那么重要，它被称为后消费主义者社会，也就是说人们对消费方面没有那么看重，正好对应选项F的意思。故选F。
【50题详解】
根据空后一句They also show an amazing amount of trust in each other and their government.可知他们互相信任，并且信任政府，所以他们的猜疑现象就比较少，C项里有一个关键词suspicious，意思正好对应上，故选C。
第三部分：书面表达（共两节，35分）
第一节(15分)
51.假设你是红星中学高三学生李欢。你的英国交换生好友Jim得知你们学校因COVID-19（新型冠状肺炎）停课，采用网上教学的上课形式。发来邮件询问相关信息。请你给他回复邮件，内容包括：
1.上课时间； 2.学习内容； 3.有什么感想。
注意：1. 词数不少于50；
2. 开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim，
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jim,
Thank you for asking. Now students in China are having classes through the Internet because of COVID-19, so am I.
Every day except weekends, class begins at 8:00 in the morning and ends at 5:00 in the afternoon with two hours' break at noon. Subjects include Chinese, Math and English as well as three other courses based on our own choices. We have classes on the Apps, such as Dingding and Xiaoyu, and hand in homework over the Internet.
Only in this way can we protect ourselves from being infected. Besides, I'm learning to be more independent.
Best wishes to you.
Yours,
Li huan
【解析】
【分析】
本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一封邮件，回复好友Jim对于网上教学相关信息的询问。
【详解】第一步：审题
体裁：应用文
时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时。
要求：1.上课时间；2.学习内容；3.有什么感想。
第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）
have class; through the Internet; except; two hours’ break; Subjects; as well as; based on; on the Apps; hand in; over the Internet; protect sb. from doing; infect; independent
第三步：连词成句
1. Now students in China are having classes through the Internet because of COVID-19, so am I.
2. Every day except weekends, class begins at 8:00 in the morning and ends at 5:00 in the afternoon with two hours' break at noon.
3. Subjects include Chinese, Math and English as well as three other courses based on our own choices.
4. We have classes on the Apps, such as Dingding and Xiaoyu, and hand in homework over the Internet.
5. Only in this way can we protect ourselves from being infected.
6. Besides, I'm learning to be more independent.
根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）
1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second…, And then, Finally, In the end, At last
2.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover, Furthermore, In addition As well as, not only…but (also), including,
3.表转折对比关系：However, On the contrary, but, Although+clause(从句), In spite of+n./doing, On the one hand…, On the other hand… Some…, while others…, as for, so…that…
4.表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。
第五步：润色修改
【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了很多高级句型，如：Only in this way can we protect ourselves from being infected.这句话运用了倒装句，使用了很多高级词组，如：hand in; over the Internet; protect sb. from doing等。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。
第二节（20分）
52.假设你是红星中学高三（1）班学生李欢， 请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，写一篇英文日记，记录你班同学上周六参观中国科学院的全过程。
注意：词数不少于60. 提示词：中国科学院 Chinese Academy of Sciences
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 Last Saturday, my classmates and I went to the Chinese Academy of Sciences, which was a precious chance/golden opportunity to get close to science.
The moment we arrived at the Chinese Academy of Sciences, we were warmly greeted by a friendly expert standing at the entrance. Excited and happy, we clapped our hands and everyone was eager to explore the amazing scientific world. To have a better understanding of daily basic science, we attended a professional lecture themed Life and Water. A professor introduced the topic in such great detail that we all gave full attention and took a lot of notes.
The highlight of the visit was the hands-on experience in the science lab. Under the guidance of the expert, we got involved in a medical experiment with great care and enthusiasm. Observing the samples through the microscope, we, for the first time, got to know how anti-cancer drugs were developed and what awesome achievements our hardworking scientists had made. We also felt proud of the medical progress of our country.
Before we left, we invited the expert to take a group photo with us as a reminder of the fantastic visit, everyone wearing a big smile. Through the meaningful activity, we all agree that science plays an important role in our life and we will study hard to take advantage of it to make our world a better place.
【解析】
【分析】
本篇书面表达是一篇图画作文。假定你是李欢，根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，写一篇英文日记，记录你班同学上周六参观中国科学院的全过程。
【详解】这是一篇图画作文，我们需要用恰当的英语将图画所反映的内容表达出来。动笔前，要认真分析图画，将四幅图的内容有机地连接起来。写作时注意准确运用时态，主要使用一般过去时。上下文要意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
分析图画可知，第一幅图：我们一到中科院，就受到站在入口处的一位友好专家的热烈欢迎。我们兴奋地鼓掌。第二幅图：我们参加了以“生活与水”为主题的专业讲座。一位教授非常详细地介绍这个话题，我们都全神贯注地做笔记。第三幅图：在科学实验室，我们通过显微镜观察样本，了解到抗癌药物是如何开发的。第四幅图：我们邀请了专家与我们合影留念，大家都面带笑容。通过这次有意义的活动，我们认识到科学在我们的生活中起着重要的作用。我们要努力学习，利用好科学，使我们的世界更美好。
根据写作要点我们可以初步确定文章可能使用到的词汇和短语有：precious; golden opportunity; get close to; be greeted by; at the entrance; clap hands; be eager to do; scientific world; have a better understanding of; attend a professional lecture; in detail; take note; highlight; the hands-on experience; under the guidance of ; get involved in; medical experiment; enthusiasm; through the microscope; anti-cancer drugs; make awesome achievements; feel proud of; take photo with sb.; as a reminder of ; wear a smile; play an important role in; take advantage of。
可以使用的衔接词：1.表文章结构顺序：First of all,Firstly/First,Secondly/Second… And then,Finally,In the end,At last,Above all等；2.表并列补充关系：What is more,Besides,Moreover,Furthermore,In addition,as well as,not only…but (also)等。通过词汇铺垫，我们就很容易地行文了，文章写完之后要检查文中是否存在拼写或语法错误。
【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了很多主从复合句，如：Last Saturday, my classmates and I went to the Chinese Academy of Sciences, which was a precious chance/golden opportunity to get close to science.这句话运用了which引导非限制性定语从句。使用了一些高级词组，如：have a better understanding of; in detail; take note。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。
英语试题
（考试时间：100分钟 试卷满分：120分）
考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将答题卡交回。
第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）
第一节 语法填空（共10小题：每小题1.5分，共15分）
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
In the early 1800s, Stanislas Baudry built public baths in the center of a town in France. To encourage people to come, Baudry drove a large vehicle around to give people a ride to the baths. He called the vehicle an omnibus, ___1___ is a Latin word meaning “for everyone”. Then he ___2___ (notice) that many passengers would get off at stops during the journey to the baths. So Baudry shifted the focus of his omnibus service. He created a permanent route for passengers ___3___ (board) and get off. Eventually, the omnibus became known ____4____ (simple) as a bus.
【答案】1. which
2. noticed 3. to board
4. simply
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了bus（公共汽车）一词的来源。19世纪初，在法国一个城镇中心经营浴池业的斯塔尼拉斯•鲍德雷，为了吸引顾客，他开着一辆大车接送客人去浴池洗澡。发现乘客在途中就会下车后，他设立了上下车的固定路线。鲍德雷给自己的马车起名为omnibus，是拉丁语“为了大家”的意思，后来就是大家熟知的bus（公共汽车）。
【1题详解】
考查定语从句。本句是非限制性定语从句，先行词是omnibus，指物，且从句中缺主语。故填which。
【2题详解】
考查时态。全文讲述的是一件发生在过去的事，此处填动词notice（注意到）的适当形式，应用一般过去时，故填noticed。
【3题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：他为乘客们创造了一条固定的上下车路线。此处用动词不定式作后置定语，修饰前面的名词route（路线）。故填to board。
4题详解】
考查副词。句意：最终，公共汽车（omnibus）以巴士（bus）的简称而广为人知。副词simply在此处修饰整个句子，故填simply。
【点睛】分析定语从句关键抓住两点：第一、找准先行词；第二、看先行词在定语从句中所作的成分。先行词往往为名词或代词，如第1小题中先行词为名词omnibus，再分析先行词omnibus在定语从句中所作的成分，将先行词omnibus带到从句中可知，在从句中作主语，且为非限制性定语从句，故填which。
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
In the film Frozen 1, Elsa and Anna are sisters who live in a kingdom called Arendella. Elsa is born ___5___ special powers that allow her to create ice and snow. Elsa’s powers are considered dangerous, ___6___ she must hide them. Eventually she loses control and changes summer to winter. Then Elsa flees from home, and Anna goes on a dangerous journey to find her sister. Along the way, Anna teams up with a man ___7___ (name) Kristof and his reindeer（驯鹿）)Sven. A talking snowman, Olaf also accompanies them. In the end, it’s Anna’s love for her sister that saves the day.
【答案】5. with
6. so 7. named
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了电影《冰雪奇缘1》的故事情节。艾尔莎和安娜是一对姐妹。艾尔莎生来就具有创造冰雪的独特能力，她控制不住这项能力，把夏天变成了冬天。然后艾尔莎逃离了家，安娜开始了一段危险的旅程去寻找艾尔莎。最后，是安娜对她姐姐的爱使一切恢复正常。
【5题详解】
考查固定搭配。所填空后紧跟名词“special powers（独特的能力）”，be born with意为“与生俱来”，符合语境，故填with。
【6题详解】
考查连词。分析句子可知，所填空需填一个连词，空前：Elsa’s powers are considered dangerous（艾尔莎的能力被认为是危险的）, 空后：she must hide them（她必须把能力隐藏起来），前后是因果关系，因此填so（所以）符合逻辑关系，故填so。
【7题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：一路上，安娜和一个叫克里斯托夫的人以及他的驯鹿斯文一起。此处a man和name之间是一种被动关系，是过去分词作后置定语，故填named。
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
According to the World Wildlife Fund, only about 3,890 tigers are left in the wild. India is home to 70 percent of them, and its role in ___8___ (ensure) the big cat’s survival can’t be understated. Tiger numbers in India are believed to have dropped from about 40,000 at the beginning of the ____9____（19）century to just 1,800 in the early 1970s, when India launched the conservation program Project Tiger. Kanha was one of the original nine____10____ (reserve) set up under that program.
【答案】8. ensuring
9. 19th 10. reserves
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了野生老虎的濒危情况以及印度的相关保护措施。印度的老虎数量从19世纪初的4万只左右下降到20世纪70年代初的1800只，当时印度启动了老虎保护计划。
【8题详解】
考查非谓语动词。介词后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语，此处是填动词ensure的适当形式，故此处选用动名词ensuring作介词in的宾语。故填ensuring。
【9题详解】
考查序数词。“19世纪”的英文表达为the 19th century，由空前的定冠词the和空后的century及上下文含义可知此处表达的19世纪，故填19th。
【10题详解】
考查名词。句意：甘哈是该计划下最初设立的9个保护区之一。“one of +the +形容词+名词复数”是英语中的固定搭配，表示“……是……的……之一”，故填reserves。
第二节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A Grateful Patient
I took a job as a receptionist for a vet (兽医) almost five decades ago. As a keen animal lover, I accepted the position on the condition that I wouldn’t have to assist with any wounded animals. I couldn’t ____11____ to see any creature in pain.
At the end of my first week, we were closing the office for the day when a young man ran up to us holding a severely___12___ Doberman Pinscher puppy(杜宾幼犬) in his arms and___13___ us to save his life. The four-month-old puppy had been hit by a car.
The vet and I ran back into the ___14___room. It was hurt badly. The only place the skin was still attached to this poor little animal’s body was around one shoulder. The vet worked tirelessly for what seemed like___15___, sewing him back together again. That was the ___16___ part. The puppy had broken too many bones, including his spine(脊柱). Even if he ____17____ the next few days, we were quite sure he would never walk again.
That day forever ___18___ my life. The vet instructed me, and I became his___19___ in all things medical. One of my first jobs was to give that Doberman puppy daily physical ___20___. I remember moving his tiny legs to try to keep his ___21___ from withering(萎缩).
Weeks went by until one day, I felt this little fighter push back ever so___22___. And he continued to push back___23___ he could finally use his legs. It recovered.
Fast-forward about a year, I walked into the clinic’s crowded waiting room and called the name of the next client. Suddenly, a/an _____24_____ Doberman who had been standing quietly with his owner on the opposite side of the room ___25___ loose and rushed toward me. I found myself ___26___ against the wall with this magnificent dog standing on his hind legs, his front paws on my shoulders, ___27___ my face with plentiful and joyful kisses!
I still tear up in amazement at the display of love and ___28___ the dog had for me that day all those years ago. I _____29_____ to be a vet technician for 14 years, and since retirement, I’ve volunteered at a no-kill animal shelter. In all the time that has passed and all the experiences I have had, I’ve ___30___ met a dog who didn’t know that it had been rescued in one way or another.
11. A. help B. stop C. bear D. offer
12. A. punished B. poisoned C. affected D. injured
13. A. begged B. blamed C. reminded D. forced
14. A. sitting B. waiting C. nursing D. operating
15. A. years B. hours C. minutes D. seconds
16. A. cruel B. easy C. tough D. calm
17. A. survived B. existed C. struggled D. solved
18. A. improved B. saved C. changed D. damaged
19. A. applicant B. servant C. consultant D. assistant
20. A. management B. treatment C. recovery D. capacity
21. A. muscles B. skin C. bone D. hair
22. A. seriously B. heavily C. slightly D. rapidly
23. A. after B. as C. till D. when
24. A. awkward B. tiny C. weak D. huge
25. A. hung B. broke C. pulled D. stayed
26. A. pinned B. stuck C. plugged D. hugged
27. A. barking B. hitting C. washing D. biting
28. A. inspiration B. gratitude C. embarrassment D. sympathy
29. A. tried on B. acted on C. settled on D. went on
30. A. never B. ever C. even D. seldom
【答案】11. C 12. D 13. A 14. D 15. B 16. B 17. A 18. C 19. D 20. B 21. A 22. C 23. C 24. D 25. B 26. A 27. C 28. B 29. D 30. A
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了我和我照顾的一位病人——一只杜宾狗之间感人又令人惊奇的故事。五十年前我在一家兽医所工作。有一天接待了一个被车撞得很严重的小杜宾犬，后来经过我的细心照料后它痊愈了。一年后长大了的它回来感谢我，我对此感到既惊奇又感动。
【11题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：我不忍心看到任何受疼痛折磨的生物。A. help帮助；B. stop停止；C. bear忍受；D. offer提供。根据上文“As a keen animal lover, I accepted the position on the condition that I wouldn’t have to assist with any wounded animals.（作为一个热爱动物的人，我接受了这个职位，条件是我不必帮助任何受伤的动物。）”及逻辑推理可判断出我不想帮受伤的动物的原因是不能忍受看到它们受疼痛折磨，故选C项。
【12题详解】
考查形容词辨析。句意：在我第一周上班的快结束时，我们正要关门，一个年轻人抱着一只受伤严重的杜宾幼犬，跑过来求我们救救它。A. punished受处罚的；B. poisoned中毒的；C. affected受影响的；D. injured受伤的。由下文“The four-month-old puppy had been hit by a car.（这只四个月大的小狗被汽车撞了。）”及“It was hurt badly.（它受了重伤。）”可知这只小杜宾犬受伤了，故选D项。
【13题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：在我第一周上班的快结束时，我们正要关门，一个年轻人抱着一只受伤严重的杜宾幼犬，跑过来求我们救救它。A. begged乞求；B. blamed责备；C. reminded提醒；D. forced强迫。beg sb. to do sth.意为“恳求某人做某事”，根据常识可知这位年轻人抱着受伤的小狗来兽医所，并恳请我们救治它。故选A项。
【14题详解】
考查形容词辨析。句意：兽医和我跑回手术室。A. sitting坐着；B. waiting等待；C. nursing护理；D. operating手术。由下文“The vet worked tirelessly for what seemed like___5___, sewing him back together again.”可知兽医不知疲倦地做好缝合工作，由此可推断出他们跑回手术室给小狗做手术，the operating room意为“手术室”，故选D项。
【15题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：兽医不知疲倦地工作了几个小时，做好缝合工作。A. years年；B. hours小时；C. minutes分钟；D. seconds秒。根据选项可知此处选择兽医工作的时间，“几小时”最符合常理，故选B项。
【16题详解】
考查形容词辨析。句意：这一部分很简单。A. cruel残酷的；B. easy容易的；C. tough坚强的；D. calm冷静的。根据下文“The puppy had broken too many bones（它的很多骨头都断了）”，“we were quite sure he would never walk again.（我们十分确信它再也不能走了）”可知与断了骨头相比，缝合工作是相对简单的，故选B项。
【17题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：即使它在接下来的几天里活了下来，我们也确信它再也不能走路了。A. survived幸存；B. existed存在；C. struggled挣扎；D. solved解决。此句是Even if 引导的让步状语从句，根据上文知这只小狗伤得很严重，由感情色彩可判断出此处填“幸存下来”最符合语境，故选A项。
【18题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：那一天彻底改变了我的生活。A. improved改进；B. saved拯救；C. changed改变；D. damaged损坏。由第一段中的“I accepted the position on the condition that I wouldn’t have to assist with any wounded animals.（我接受了这个职位，条件是我不必帮助任何受伤的动物。）”可知我在刚接受这份工作时，是不打算帮助救治受伤的动物的。但是根据下文“I remember moving his tiny legs to try to keep his ___11___ from withering.（我记得我移动他的小腿，试图防止他的肌肉萎缩。）”可知我帮助治疗受伤的动物。因此可知那天的事情改变了我。故选C项。
【19题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：兽医指导我成为他医疗方面的助手。A. applicant申请者；B. servant佣人；C. consultant顾问；D. assistant助理。根据下文“One of my first jobs was to give that Doberman puppy daily physical ___10___.（我的第一份工作就是每天给那只杜宾犬做身体治疗。）”可知我做了兽医的助手，故选D项。
【20题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：我的第一份工作就是每天给那只杜宾犬做身体治疗。A. management管理；B. treatment治疗；C. recovery恢复；D. capacity能力。根据下文“I remember moving his tiny legs to try to keep his ___11___ from withering.（我记得我移动他的小腿，试图防止他的肌肉萎缩。）”可知我给这只小狗做身体治疗，故选B项。
【21题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：我记得我移动它的小腿，试图防止它的肌肉萎缩。A. muscles肌肉；B. skin皮肤；C. bone骨头；D. hair头发。keep sb. from doing sth.意为“阻止某人做某事”，根据常识可知移动它的小腿是防止肌肉萎缩，故选A项。
【22题详解】
考查副词辨析。句意：几周过去了，直到有一天，我觉得这个小斗士轻轻地向后推了推腿。A. seriously严重地；B. heavily沉重地；C. slightly轻轻地；D. rapidly快速地。此处是选择合适副词修饰动词词组push back，由上文“It was hurt badly.”知这只小狗伤得很重，在我给他做了几周治疗后，按照常理可知，push back（向后推）这个动作是轻轻地做出的，故选C项。
【23题详解】
考查连词辨析。句意：他继续向后推，直到最后能用上双腿。A. after之后；B. as作为；C. till直到；D. when当……时候。空前“And he continued to push back（它继续后推）”与空后“he could finally use his legs（最终它能使用腿了。）”中缺少连词，此处填till（直到）最符合逻辑关系，故选C项。
【24题详解】
考查形容词辨析。句意：突然，一只一直和主人静静地站在房间对面的大杜宾挣脱开来朝我冲过来。A. awkward令人尴尬的；B. tiny微小的；C. weak虚弱的；D. huge巨大的。根据下文“with this magnificent dog standing on his hind legs, his front paws on my shoulders（这只美极了的狗后腿着地，前爪搭在我的肩膀上）”可知这只狗体型很大，故选D项。
【25题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：突然，一只一直和主人静静地站在房间对面的大杜宾挣脱开来朝我冲过来。A. hung挂；B. broke打破；C. pulled拉；D. stayed待。由下文“rushed toward me（朝我跑过来）”，可知所填空为“挣脱束缚”，broke loose意为“挣脱束缚”，故选B项。
26题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：我发现自己被压在墙上，这只美极了的狗站在他的后腿上，前爪放在我的肩膀上，猛烈又快乐地亲吻着我的脸！A. pinned别上，压；B. stuck陷（入），困（于）；C. plugged堵塞的；D. hugged拥抱。分析句子可知，此处是“find+宾语+宾补”结构，缺少宾补成分，“myself（我自己）”和“the wall（墙）”之间填“pinned（压）”最为恰当，故选A项。
【27题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：我发现自己被压在墙上，这只美极了的狗站在他的后腿上，前爪放在我的肩膀上，猛烈又快乐地亲吻着我的脸！A. barking吠；B. hitting打；C. washing洗；D. biting咬。根据下文“with plentiful and joyful kisses猛烈又快乐的亲吻”可判断出此处愉快的感情色彩，“B. hitting打；D. biting咬”都不符合此处愉快的感情色彩，“A. barking吠”不能与“kisses”搭配。故选C项。
【28题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：几年前的那一天，狗对我的爱和感激之情溢于言表，我至今仍感到惊讶。A. inspiration灵感；B. gratitude感激；C. embarrassment尴尬；D. sympathy同情。根据文章标题“A Grateful Patient（表达感激的病人）”，及上文“with plentiful and joyful kisses猛烈又快乐的亲吻”可推断出这只狗对我除了表达爱意之外还表达了感激，故选B项。
29题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我后来继续当了14年兽医技术员，退休后，我在一个禁止杀戮的动物收容所做志愿者。A. tried on试穿；B. acted on采取行动；C. settled on决定；D. went on继续。联系上文“I still tear up in amazement at the display of love and ___18___ the dog had for me that day all those years ago.（几年前的那一天，狗对我的爱和感激之情溢于言表，我至今仍感到惊讶。）”，承接上文，自从那天起，我继续做兽医技术员，故选D项。
【30题详解】
考查副词辨析。句意：在过去的所有时间里，在我所有的经历中，我从来没有遇到过一只不知道它是以某种方式被救出来的狗。A. never从不；B. ever曾；C. even甚至；D. seldom很少。文章主要讲了我和一只充满爱和感恩的狗之间的故事，所以作者认为狗是记得救过他的人的，由下文中的“who didn’t know”可知是否定，表示不知道，双重否定表示肯定，因此所填空也需要用否定，never用在此处符合语境，故选A项。
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Airplane Stories and Histories
Norman Currey www.xlibris.com
Hardback | Paperback | E-book $29.99 | $19.99 | $3.99
Airplane Stories and Histories records 200 years of aviation highlights. A bibliography is provided for enthusiasts to explore the subjects at greater depth.
Tips ’n Tales from the Trails
Vicki Evenson www.xlibris.com
Hardback | Paperback | E-book $29.99 | $19.99 | $3.99
Tips ’n Tales from the Trails offers information and advice for any horseperson considering interstate trail riding. It provides helpful insights when preparing and planning for expansion of the reader’s own adventures.
The Rhythm of My Life
Tuning into the Rocky Rhythm of Fire
Yvon Milien www.iuniverse.com
Hardback | Paperback | E-book $26.99 | $13.99 | $3.99
This autobiography shares the story of the author’s life and how he found the inner strength to overcome the challenges.
On The Healing Road Through The Eyes Of An Adoptee
The Poet Dena www.authorhouse.com
Paperback | E-book $13.99 | $3.99
Therapeutic poetry is what the Poet Dena offers. As you go along The Healing Road, you will find at least a few words to help lighten your own struggles.
The Adventures of Mr. Fuzzy Ears Searching for a Furry Friend
Donna Carr Roberts www.iuniverse.com
Hardback | Paperback | E-book $35.95 | $22.95 | $3.99
The story of a fuzzy little dog who searched for a friend in all the wrong places until…
The Girl from Copenhagen
Glenn Peterson www.xlibris.com
Hardback | Paperback | E-book $29.99 | $19.99 | $3.99
The Girl from Copenhagen is a autobiography about the life of author Glenn Peterson’s mother, from childhood to old age.
31. If Tom likes reading poems, he might buy ___________.
A. Airplane Stories and Histories B. Tips ’n Tales from the Trails
C. On The Healing Road D. The Rhythm of My Life
32. We can learn from the text that _____________.
A. The Rhythm of My Life is about a musician’s life.
B. Airplane Stories and Histories is a book intended for pilots
C. The Adventures of Mr. Fuzzy Ears is about a dog searching for his master
D. Tips ’n Tales from the Trails gives suggestions on horse riding in the wild
33. Which book is similar to The Girl from Copenhagen in style?
A. Airplane Stories and Histories B. On The Healing Road
C. The Rhythm of My Life D. The Adventures of Mr. Fuzzy Ears
【答案】31. C 32. D 33. C
【解析】
这是一篇应用文。文章包含6本书的相关信息介绍，相关信息有：书名，作者，网站，包装，价格，故事梗概。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据On The Healing Road Through The Eyes Of An Adoptee部分的“Therapeutic poetry is what the Poet Dena offers.（诗人德娜提供的是治疗性诗歌。）”可知喜欢诗歌的人可能会买诗人德娜写的On The Healing Road这本书，故选C项。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据Tips’ n Tales from the Trails部分的“Tips’ n Tales from the Trails offers information and advice for any horseperson considering interstate trail riding.（Tips’ n Tales from the Trails这本书为任何考虑去州际乡间小路骑行的骑马手提供信息和建议）”可知这本书为去野外骑马给出了建议，D项符合以上描述，故选D项。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据The Girl from Copenhagen 段中的“The Girl from Copenhagen is a autobiography......（The Girl from Copenhagen是一本自传……）” 以及The Rhythm of My Life部分的“This autobiography shares the story of the author’s life and how he found the inner strength to overcome the challenges.（这本自传讲述了作者的生平，以及他如何找到克服挑战的内在力量。）”可知这两本书都是自传文体，故选C项。
B
When I was about 12 years old, my older brother, James, smuggled a BB gun into the house. Our parents had told us many times that we were not allowed to bring home guns or knives, even if they were just toys. Having any form of weaponry in our home was strictly forbidden.
James brought me to his room. He opened his closet door and took out a shoebox that was buried beneath a heap of clothes. The BB gun was inside. I was immediately enamored by the shiny barrel.
"Can I shoot it, Jamesie?" I asked, hopefully.
"No way," James said, taking it from me and putting it back.
One day, when no one was home, I went into James' closet and took it out. For some inexplicable reason - I have no idea what I was thinking - I went to the front window of the second floor in our row house. I cracked the window open. I pointed the gun outside and shot. I quickly shut the window and peeked outside.
In a matter of seconds, old Mr. Schlosberg came out of his grocery store. He looked back at his store window. He looked up the street. He looked down the street. Then he looked straight across to our house.
Thankfully, Jamesie made it home before Mother or Father.
As he stepped through the door, I could hear old Mr. Schlosberg call his name. "James, James," he called. "Come here, son."
After several minutes, James ran back across the street and into the living room. I had retreated into the kitchen. "Alma!" he screamed. "Get out here! You cracked Mr. Schlosberg's window with my BB gun!"
"Oh, please, Jamesie," I begged. "Don't let him tell Mother. She will whip my bottom real good!" Jamesie sighed. He wiped my tears and went back across the street to Mr. Schlosberg’s. I don't know what James said to that man, but there was never a mention of the incident again.
Years later, I found out Jamesie had used the money he got from his newspaper route to pay for Mr. Schlosberg's cracked window. He only got one cent for every paper he delivered. He managed to pay back the debt just before he went off to fight in World WarII.
Since that day, I have never touched a gun: a BB gun, a water gun, a real gun, or any other type.
34. Why was the gun hidden in the closet?
A. The gun was too expensive.
B. The family had only one gun.
C. The law didn’t allow anyone to have a gun
D. The parents didn’t allow a gun to appear at home.
35. What did Alma expect from James after he shot Mr. Schlosberg’s window?
A. To deal with the problem. B. To talk with his parents.
C. To throw away the gun. D. To tell the truth.
36. Which of the following best describes James as a brother?
A. Responsible and strict. B. Brave and determined.
C. Responsible and caring. D. Naughty and determined.
37. The best title of the passage is _________.
A. a warmhearted brother B. a BB gun
C. a cracked window D. an incident
【答案】34. D 35. A 36. C 37. B
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了我12岁时，我和哥哥之间的故事。当时我们的父母不允许我们带刀枪回家，哥哥偷偷在橱子里藏了一把BB枪，有一天我用它打碎了杂货店的玻璃，后来哥哥用他送报纸的钱帮我赔偿。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Our parents had told us many times that we were not allowed to bring home guns or knives, even if they were just toys.（我们的父母曾多次告诉我们，不允许我们带着枪或刀回家，即使它们只是玩具也不行。）”可知把枪藏在橱子里的原因是父母不允许家里有枪出现，故选D项。
【35题详解】
细节理解题。根据第十段中的我乞求哥哥时说的话“Oh, please, Jamesie. Don't let him tell Mother. She will whip my bottom real good!（求你了，杰米西。别让他告诉妈妈。她会狠狠地揍我一顿的！）”在我打碎了老施洛斯伯格先生杂货店的窗户之后，我期盼着哥哥回来帮我解决问题。故选A项。
【36题详解】
推理判断题。根据“He wiped my tears（他擦干我的眼泪）”可以看出哥哥关心、体贴他人；根据“He managed to pay back the debt just before he went off to fight in World War II.（他在参加第二次世界大战前还清了债务。）”可知哥哥设法赔偿我打坏的窗户，可以看出哥哥负责任的品质。故选C项。
【37题详解】
主旨大意题。文章开头有介绍“我们的父母曾多次告诉我们，不允许我们带着枪或刀回家，但是哥哥在家藏了一把BB枪。”文章中间段落叙述了我用BB枪干了坏事，哥哥帮我补偿。文章最后一段描述“从那以后，我再也不碰任何枪支，包括BB枪。”文章围绕BB枪展开描述，因此用“a BB gun（一把BB枪）”作标题最为合适，故选B项。
C
No longer in the pink
Corals are comeback creatures. As the world froze and melted and sea levels rose and fell over 30,000 years, Australia’s Great Barrier Reef, which is roughly the size of Italy, died and revived five times. But now, thanks to human activity, corals face the most complex condition they have yet had to deal with.
According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate change, a rise in global temperatures of 1.5oC could cause coral reefs to decline 70-90%. The planet is about 1oC hotter than in the 19th century and its seas are becoming warmer, stormier and more acidic. This is already affecting relations between corals and the single-celled algae (海藻), which give them their color. When waters become unusually warm, algae float away, leaving reefs a ghostly white. This “bleaching” is happening five times as often as it did in the 1970s. Meanwhile the changing chemistry of the oceans makes it harder for corals to form their structures.
If corals go, divers and marine biologists are not the only people who will miss them. Reefs take up only a percent of the sea floor, but support a quarter of the planet’s fish diversity. The fish that reefs shelter are especially valuable to their poorest human neighbors, many of whom depend on them as a source of protein. Roughly an eighth of the world’s population lives within 100km of a reef. Corals also protect 150,000km of shoreline in more than 100 countries and territories from the oceans buffeting, as well as generating billions of dollars in tourism revenue.
Coral systems must adapt if they are to survive. They need protection from local sources of harm. Their eco-systems suffer from waste from farms, building sites and blast fishing. Governments need to impose tighter rules on these industrials, such as tougher local building codes, and to put more effort into enforcing rules against overfishing.
Setting up marine protected areas could also help reefs. Locals who fear for their livelihoods could be given work as rangers with the job of looking after the reserves. Visitors to marine parks can be required to pay a special tax, like what has been done in the Caribbean.
Many reefs that have been damaged could benefit from restoration. Coral’s biodiversity offers hope, because the same coral will grow differently under different conditions. Corals of the western Pacific, for example, can withstand higher temperatures than the same species in the eastern Pacific, which proves a way forward to encourage corals to grow in new spots.
38. According to the passage, what may happen to corals when waters become warm?
A. Turning white B. Getting pink
C. Being active D. Becoming colorful
39. According to the passage,corals can _______ the changing in the nature.
A. live with B. escape from
C. die in D. recovery from
40. According to Paragraph 4, the governments should__________.
A. carry out stricter rules on industries around the coast
B. call on volunteers to look after the marine reserves
C. reduce the number of visitors to the marine parks
D. ban people from fishing in the coral reef areas
41. What’s the main purpose of the passage?
A. To present the importance of coral reef to the world.
B. To introduce the severe effect on coral reef brought by climate change.
C. To propose governments to take action immediately to save coral reef.
D. To attract more attention to coral reef protection.
【答案】38. A 39. A 40. A 41. D
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要描述了珊瑚礁面临复杂环境，它对人类的帮助，针对政府及人类对其保护措施的建议。珊瑚对人类有很多帮助，如保护了100多个国家和地区的15万公里海岸线免受海洋冲击，并创造了数十亿美元的旅游收入。全球变暖及海水变暖使得珊瑚出现“漂白”现象，人们必须要做出保护珊瑚的举措，如建立海洋保护区，加大力度执行禁止过度捕捞的规定等等。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“When waters become unusually warm, algae float away, leaving reefs a ghostly white.（当海水变得异常温暖时，藻类就会漂走，让珊瑚礁变成一片幽灵般的白色。）”可知当海水变暖之后，珊瑚会变成白色，故选A项。
【39题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“As the world froze and melted and sea levels rose and fell over 30,000 years, Australia’s Great Barrier Reef, which is roughly the size of Italy, died and revived five times.（随着世界冰冻、融化，海平面在3万多年间起起落落，澳大利亚的大堡礁，这个和意大利差不多大的地方，经历了五次死亡和复活。）”及“Coral systems must adapt if they are to survive.（珊瑚系统如果要生存就必须适应）”可知珊瑚可以适应自然界的变化。live with意为“适应”，故选A项。
【40题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Governments need to impose tighter rules on these industrials, such as tougher local building codes, and to put more effort into enforcing rules against overfishing.（政府需要对这些行业实施更严格的规定，比如更严格的地方建筑法规，并投入更多的精力来执行禁止过度捕捞的规定。）”可知A项（政府应该对沿海地区的工业实行更严格的规定）符合文中对政府做法的描述。故选A项。
【41题详解】
推理判断题。第一段最后一句“But now, thanks to human activity, corals face the most complex condition they have yet had to deal with.（但现在，由于人类的活动，珊瑚面临着迄今为止最复杂的环境条件。）”引出本文的话题，文章接着描述了珊瑚礁面临的复杂环境，它对人类的帮助，针对政府及人类对其保护措施的建议，从全文可以看出文章的主要意图是想提高人们对珊瑚礁的保护意识，故选D项。
D
Educators today are more and more often heard to say that computer literacy is absolutely necessary for college students. Many even argue that each incoming freshman should have his or her own microcomputer. What advantages do computers offer the college students?
Any student who has used a word processor will know one compelling reason to use a computer: to write papers. Although not all students feel comfortable composing on a word processor, most find revising and editing much easier on it. One can alter, insert, or delete just by pressing a few keys, thus eliminating the need to rewrite or re-type. Furthermore, since the revision process is less difficult, students are more likely to revise as often as is necessary to end up with the best paper possible. For these reasons, many freshman English courses require the use of a word processor.
Computers are also useful in the context of language courses, where they are used to drill students in basic skills. Software programs strengthen ESL(English as a Second Language ) instruction, as well as instruction in French, German, Spanish, and other languages. By using these programs on a regular basis, students can improve their skills in a language while proceeding at their own pace.
Science students take advantage of computers in many ways. Using computer graphic capabilities, for example, botany( 植物学） students can represent and analyze different plant growth patterns. Medical students can learn to interpret computerized images of internal body structures. Physics students can complete complex calculations far
more quickly than they could without the use of computer.
Similarly, business and accounting students find that computer spreadsheet programs are all but important to many aspects of their work, while students pursuing careers in graphic arts, marketing, and public relations find that knowledge of computer graphic is important. Education majors learn to develop grading systems using computers, while social science students use computers for analyzing and graphically displacing their research results.
It is no wonder, then, that educators support the purchase and use of microcomputers by students. A useful tool, the computer can help students learn. And that is, after all, the reason for going to college.
42. The word"literacy" (Line 1,Paragraph 1) means _________.
A. the ability to read and write B. the ability to use
C. literature D. the knowledge of language
43. According to the author, a word processor can be used to_________.
A. revise papers
B. retype papers
C. reduce the psychological burden of writing papers
D. improve the writing skills of a student
44. According to the author, the reason for students to go to college is _________.
A. to learn something B. to perfect themselves
C. to improve computer skills D. to make the best use of computers
45. The main purpose of this passage is to _________.
A. persuade the educators to increase computer use in their own classroom
B. analyze advantages and disadvantages of computer use among college students
C. identify some of the ways that computers benefit college students
D. describe how computers can be used to teach foreign languages
【答案】42. B 43. A 44. A 45. C
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章首段中提到问题：计算机给大学生提供哪些优势。接下来举例介绍：计算机的文字处理器对学生写论文有帮助；在语言课程中计算机帮助学生练习基本技能；在有关科学、经管、教育的课程里都有帮助。
【42题详解】
词义猜测题。literacy最基本的意思是the ability to read and write（读写能力），但根据文章第一句话“Educators today are more and more often heard to say that computer literacy is absolutely necessary for college students.（如今，越来越多的教育工作者说，对大学生来说，计算机素养是绝对必要的。）”因此，此处literacy引申为 “使用的能力”。故选B项。
【43题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Although not all students feel comfortable composing on a word processor, most find revising and editing much easier on it. One can alter, insert, or delete just by pressing a few keys, thus eliminating the need to rewrite or re-type.”（虽然并非所有学生都喜欢在word文档里写东西，但是大部分学生都发现在计算机上进行修改和编辑更加容易。只需按下几个键，你就可以修改、插入或者删除，无需重写或重新输入。）”可知，word程序能帮助学生修改论文。故选A项。
【44题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“A useful tool, the computer can help students learn. And that is, after all, the reason for going to college.（作为一种多功能工具，计算机能够帮助学生学习。毕竟，这也就是读大学的原因。）”可知上大学的终极目标也就是学习。故选A项。
【45题详解】
推理判断题。在第一段最后提出问题“What advantages do computers offer the college students?（计算机能够给大学生带来什么好处呢？）”接着介绍了计算机的文字处理器对学生写论文有帮助；在语言课程中计算机帮助学生练习基本技能；在有关科学、经管、教育的课程里的帮助，故C（描述计算机使大学生受益的一些方式）为正确选项。B项也比较有迷惑性，但文章并未提到disadvantages（劣势），故排除。故选C项。
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
Where do you think the world's happiest people live? Somewhere hot with sandy beaches?A country with a tradition of the fine food and culture? Not according to a recent study by the University of Leicester.Who are the happiest people on Earth?___46___Surprised? Well you'll be more surprised when you hear that the Danes pay some of the highest taxes in the world.So what is the secret of their success?
Let's start with all that tax they pay.The Danish government provides its people with one of the finest education and health systems in the world.It spends more on children and elderly people per capita（人均）than any other country.
___47___Thanks to the tax policy,a shop assistant's final salary is not that much less than someone who works in a bank.As a result,Danes don't choose their careers based on money or status as people in other countries do.They choose the job they want to do.There's a philosophy in Denmark known as "Jante-lov",which translates as "you're no better than anybody else."___48___But workers in other countries are not used to looking at life in this way.
Money doesn't seem as important in Denmark.It has been called a “post consumerist” society.___49___What is more important is the sense of society and it's no surprise that Danes are very used to socializing.92% of Danes belong to some kind of social club and these clubs are even paid for by the government.
___50___They also show an amazing amount of trust in each other and their government.You can see signs of this all over the country.You'll find vegetable stalls with no assistant.You take what you want and leave the money in a basket.Perhaps the bike is a good symbol for Denmark.The Danes can afford cars but they choose bikes-simple, economical,non-polluting machines that show no status and help keep people fit.
A. In a list ranking countries by the happiness of their citizens,it put tropical Fiji 50 places below freezing Iceland.
B. The street sweeper can hold his head up high as he proudly does his job.
C. Danish people aren't as suspicious as many other nations.
D. High taxes in Denmark widen the gap between different jobs.
E. Those 5.5 million people who call Denmark their home.
F. People have nice things in their houses,but they don't attach too much importance to shopping and spending.
G And there's another advantage to those high taxes.
【答案】46. E 47. G 48. B 49. F 50. C
【解析】
本文是说明文。文章介绍了世界上最快乐的人—丹麦人，并介绍了原因。
【46题详解】
根据空前一句Who are the happiest people on Earth?问的是谁是地球上最快乐的人？所以空格肯定是来回答上一句的问，再根据空后一句Well you'll be more surprised when you hear that the Danes pay some of the highest taxes in the world.说到了Danes，丹麦人， 可知是丹麦人最快乐，故选E。
【47题详解】
根据空后一句Thanks to the tax policy，多亏了税收政策，也就是说税收所带来的好处，且本段都在阐明税收的好的一面，因为句中有advantage，意思对应起来了。故选G。
【48题详解】
根据本段中They choose the job they want to do，丹麦人只选他们喜欢的工作，以及空前一句you're no better than anybody else.你并不比其他人好，就是说你和其他人都是一样的，没有高低贵贱之分，故对应选项B中所举例的：扫大街的人会抬头挺胸很自豪地做他的工作，逻辑关系顺畅，故选B。
【49题详解】
根据空前一句Money doesn't seem as important in Denmark.It has been called a “post consumerist” society.在丹麦钱没有那么重要，它被称为后消费主义者社会，也就是说人们对消费方面没有那么看重，正好对应选项F的意思。故选F。
【50题详解】
根据空后一句They also show an amazing amount of trust in each other and their government.可知他们互相信任，并且信任政府，所以他们的猜疑现象就比较少，C项里有一个关键词suspicious，意思正好对应上，故选C。
第三部分：书面表达（共两节，35分）
第一节(15分)
51.假设你是红星中学高三学生李欢。你的英国交换生好友Jim得知你们学校因COVID-19（新型冠状肺炎）停课，采用网上教学的上课形式。发来邮件询问相关信息。请你给他回复邮件，内容包括：
1.上课时间； 2.学习内容； 3.有什么感想。
注意：1. 词数不少于50；
2. 开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim，
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jim,
Thank you for asking. Now students in China are having classes through the Internet because of COVID-19, so am I.
Every day except weekends, class begins at 8:00 in the morning and ends at 5:00 in the afternoon with two hours' break at noon. Subjects include Chinese, Math and English as well as three other courses based on our own choices. We have classes on the Apps, such as Dingding and Xiaoyu, and hand in homework over the Internet.
Only in this way can we protect ourselves from being infected. Besides, I'm learning to be more independent.
Best wishes to you.
Yours,
Li huan
【解析】
【分析】
本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一封邮件，回复好友Jim对于网上教学相关信息的询问。
【详解】第一步：审题
体裁：应用文
时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时。
要求：1.上课时间；2.学习内容；3.有什么感想。
第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）
have class; through the Internet; except; two hours’ break; Subjects; as well as; based on; on the Apps; hand in; over the Internet; protect sb. from doing; infect; independent
第三步：连词成句
1. Now students in China are having classes through the Internet because of COVID-19, so am I.
2. Every day except weekends, class begins at 8:00 in the morning and ends at 5:00 in the afternoon with two hours' break at noon.
3. Subjects include Chinese, Math and English as well as three other courses based on our own choices.
4. We have classes on the Apps, such as Dingding and Xiaoyu, and hand in homework over the Internet.
5. Only in this way can we protect ourselves from being infected.
6. Besides, I'm learning to be more independent.
根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）
1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second…, And then, Finally, In the end, At last
2.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover, Furthermore, In addition As well as, not only…but (also), including,
3.表转折对比关系：However, On the contrary, but, Although+clause(从句), In spite of+n./doing, On the one hand…, On the other hand… Some…, while others…, as for, so…that…
4.表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。
第五步：润色修改
【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了很多高级句型，如：Only in this way can we protect ourselves from being infected.这句话运用了倒装句，使用了很多高级词组，如：hand in; over the Internet; protect sb. from doing等。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。
第二节（20分）
52.假设你是红星中学高三（1）班学生李欢， 请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，写一篇英文日记，记录你班同学上周六参观中国科学院的全过程。
注意：词数不少于60. 提示词：中国科学院 Chinese Academy of Sciences
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 Last Saturday, my classmates and I went to the Chinese Academy of Sciences, which was a precious chance/golden opportunity to get close to science.
The moment we arrived at the Chinese Academy of Sciences, we were warmly greeted by a friendly expert standing at the entrance. Excited and happy, we clapped our hands and everyone was eager to explore the amazing scientific world. To have a better understanding of daily basic science, we attended a professional lecture themed Life and Water. A professor introduced the topic in such great detail that we all gave full attention and took a lot of notes.
The highlight of the visit was the hands-on experience in the science lab. Under the guidance of the expert, we got involved in a medical experiment with great care and enthusiasm. Observing the samples through the microscope, we, for the first time, got to know how anti-cancer drugs were developed and what awesome achievements our hardworking scientists had made. We also felt proud of the medical progress of our country.
Before we left, we invited the expert to take a group photo with us as a reminder of the fantastic visit, everyone wearing a big smile. Through the meaningful activity, we all agree that science plays an important role in our life and we will study hard to take advantage of it to make our world a better place.
【解析】
【分析】
本篇书面表达是一篇图画作文。假定你是李欢，根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，写一篇英文日记，记录你班同学上周六参观中国科学院的全过程。
【详解】这是一篇图画作文，我们需要用恰当的英语将图画所反映的内容表达出来。动笔前，要认真分析图画，将四幅图的内容有机地连接起来。写作时注意准确运用时态，主要使用一般过去时。上下文要意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
分析图画可知，第一幅图：我们一到中科院，就受到站在入口处的一位友好专家的热烈欢迎。我们兴奋地鼓掌。第二幅图：我们参加了以“生活与水”为主题的专业讲座。一位教授非常详细地介绍这个话题，我们都全神贯注地做笔记。第三幅图：在科学实验室，我们通过显微镜观察样本，了解到抗癌药物是如何开发的。第四幅图：我们邀请了专家与我们合影留念，大家都面带笑容。通过这次有意义的活动，我们认识到科学在我们的生活中起着重要的作用。我们要努力学习，利用好科学，使我们的世界更美好。
根据写作要点我们可以初步确定文章可能使用到的词汇和短语有：precious; golden opportunity; get close to; be greeted by; at the entrance; clap hands; be eager to do; scientific world; have a better understanding of; attend a professional lecture; in detail; take note; highlight; the hands-on experience; under the guidance of ; get involved in; medical experiment; enthusiasm; through the microscope; anti-cancer drugs; make awesome achievements; feel proud of; take photo with sb.; as a reminder of ; wear a smile; play an important role in; take advantage of。
可以使用的衔接词：1.表文章结构顺序：First of all,Firstly/First,Secondly/Second… And then,Finally,In the end,At last,Above all等；2.表并列补充关系：What is more,Besides,Moreover,Furthermore,In addition,as well as,not only…but (also)等。通过词汇铺垫，我们就很容易地行文了，文章写完之后要检查文中是否存在拼写或语法错误。
【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了很多主从复合句，如：Last Saturday, my classmates and I went to the Chinese Academy of Sciences, which was a precious chance/golden opportunity to get close to science.这句话运用了which引导非限制性定语从句。使用了一些高级词组，如：have a better understanding of; in detail; take note。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。
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