Unit 1 知识梳理-2024-2025学年七年级英语下册（沪教版2024）

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Unit 1 People around us知识目录单元小结学习目标：本单元学习和谈论亲戚朋友我们周围的人，要求掌握了解描述人特征的文本的语言特点。能阅读相同难度的文章，能够写出介绍自己最喜欢的人的小短文。语法目标：学习定冠词的用法。听说目标：能够听懂我们周围的人相关的材料，能够与他人通过对话形式，询问或者描述一个人。写作目标：能够用目标语言根据范文仿写出我们周围的人小短文。目录知识要点一、重点单词，短语及句式 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc4158" 要点1 重点短语 练习 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc30372" 要点2 重点句式 练习【精讲精练】 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc249" 要点1 cheerful的用法 练习 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc249" 要点2 wh+不定式结构的用法 练习 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc249" 要点3 take good care of 的用法 练习 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc249" 要点4 suggest suggestion advice advise的区别 练习 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc4158" 要点5 smell的用法 练习 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc30372" 要点6 encourage的用法 练习 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc249" 要点7 (be)strict about/in with构成的短语 练习 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc249" 要点8 as well，also，too与either的区别 练习 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc4158" 要点9 be worried about 的用法 练习 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc30372" 要点10 height 的用法 练习 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc249" 要点11 too …to的用法 练习 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc249" 要点12 hear sb. do sth. 和hear sb.doing sth. 的用法 练习 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc4158" 要点13 be afraid …的用法 练习 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc30372" 要点14 find out的用法 练习 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc249" 要点15. keep的用法小结 练习 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc249" 要点16 used to do 和be used to doing的区别 练习 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc249" 要点17 wherever的用法 练习 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc249" 要点18 competition的用法 练习 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc4158" 要点19 give up的用法 练习 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc30372" 要点20 successful , succeed 的用法 练习知识要点二、语法 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc30708" 要点1 定冠词的用法 23知识要点三、书面表达 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc249" 要点1 话题分析 26 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc20625" 要点2 词汇短语积累 26 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc30708" 要点3句式积累 27 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc30708" 要点4实战演练 28知识要点一、重点单词，短语及句式。【重点短语】1.used to 曾经。过去常常2.(be)kind to对…友善3.(be)patient with对。。。耐心4.in the future在未来5.gives sb. tips on给某人一些建议6.stay healthy保持健康7.take good care of 好好照顾8. the same…as 与……相同9. be active in 在….很活跃10.in hospital生病住院11.keep one’s attention in class上课要集中注意力12. feel bored in 感到无聊13.(be) strict about (in) 严格要求14.gives us lots of support给了我们很多支持15. work out锻炼,解答16.think about思考17. give up 放弃18. be worried about 对….担心19. find out 发现， 查明20.too…to 太…而不能【重点句式】1. My grandma used to be a doctor 我奶奶曾经是一名医生。2. She is kind to everyone and very patient with people and she is always cheerful.她对每个人都很友善，而且非常有耐心并且总是很开心。3. She gives them tips on how to stay healthy. 她给他们提供保持健康的小贴士。4. Grandma takes good care of us.奶奶把我们照顾的很好。5. He knows how to keep our attention in class她知道如何在课堂上吸引我们的注意力。6. Sometimes he even uses fun games in his teaching.有时他甚至在教学中使用有趣的游戏。7. Mr Li is strict about our schoolwork but he gives us lots of support when we need help.李老师对我们的学业要求很严格，但当我们需要帮助时，他会给我们很多支持。8. If we cannot work out a difficult maths problem he will encourage us to think about it in a new way.如果我们解不出一道数学难题，她会鼓励我们换一种新思路去思考。9. That's why I seldom feel bored in his maths lessons.这就是我为什么在数学课不感到枯燥的原因。10. Never give up and you'll be successful.永不放弃，你们就会成功。【精讲精练】要点 1：cheerful的用法cheerful　adj. （a） be in good spirits, happy 快乐的；高兴的cheerfully adv. 兴高采烈地cheer （1）cheer 作不及物动词，意为“欢呼；喝彩”。例如：We couldn’t help cheering when we won the final. 当我们赢得决赛时我们不禁欢呼起来。（2）cheer...up 意为“使……高兴起来；使……振奋起来”。例如：The whole audience stood up and cheered them up.所有的观众全部起立并大声欢呼。Let’s cheer him up.让我们使他振奋起来。（3）cheer on意为“为……加油；为……打气”。We all cheered them on loudly. 我们大声地为他们加油。【典例分析】1.　　　! It's not the end of the world. Let's try again. A. Put up 　　　　　　 B. Set up C. Cheer up 　　　　　D. Pick up 【答案】C　【解析】句意:振作起来吧!这不是世界末日。让我们再试一次吧。结合本题语境可知应选C, cheer up的含义是“振作起来”。2.—My best friend went abroad. I miss her and feel down today.—Don’t be sad. Here is good news for you .cheer up B. cheering up C. cheered up D.to cheer up【答案】D【解析】本题考查非谓语动词。句意：——我最好的朋友出国了，今天我想念她，感觉很失落。——不必伤心，这里有让你振奋的好消息。由句意可知，告知的消息是为了让说话人振作，即表达的是目的。英语中常用不定式结构作目的状语。故答案为D。3.She is always_________. 她总是很快乐【解析】cheerful3.She is a very cheerful and easy-going woman.（选出可以替换画线部分的最佳选项）A. sad B. happy C. hard-working【解析】B cheerful快乐的；高兴的要点 2 wh+不定式结构how to stay healthy为“疑问词+动词不定式(短语)”结构，在句中作介词on的宾语。在英语中，动词不定式可与what、which、who、 when、where ,how等连用，构成 “疑问词+to do”结构，在句中可作主语、表 语、宾语等多种句子成分。He was unsure of what to do next. 他对下一步该做什么犹豫不定。You have a number of topics from which to choose. 你有很多话题可以选择。When to hold the meeting has not yet been decided. 什么时候开会还没有决定。The problem is where to find the financial aid. 问题是到哪里去找经济援助。疑问词+to do”结构常常可以与宾语从句相互转换。The doctor told him when he should take the medicine.The doctor told him when to take the medicine.医生告诉他什么时候吃药。要点 3 take good care of 的用法take care of “照顾 照料”时，可与look after互换。take care of 还可意为“负责;处理”。 take good care of和look after...well意思相同，都是"好好照料;好好 照顾”的意思。但要注意take care of中的care是名词，用形容词good修 饰，而well是副词，修饰动词短语look after。The children are old enough to take care of themselves.The children are old enough to look after themselves. 孩子们已经不小了，能够照顾他们自己了。。【典例分析】 1.同义句转换。My mother looks after my father and me at home. My mother _______ _______ ________ my father and me at home.2. 根据中文意思完成句子。他小时候自己照顾自己。He _______ _______ _______ himself when he was young.3.用词适当形式填空If we are ________________ （care） enough, we won’t make mistakes.【解析】1.takes care of 2.took care of 3.careful要点 4. suggest suggestion advice advise的区别 suggest及物动词，意为“建议，提议”，其主要用法为：1.suggest sth. (to sb.)向某人提议/建议某事 He suggested a walk.2.suggest doing sth.建议做某事 She suggested going there by bike.3.suggest+ that引导宾语从句，“suggest＋that宾语从句”，此时从句要用虚拟语气，即“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。但suggest作“表明”讲时，不用虚拟语气。4.He suggested (that) we (should) do it at once.【拓展】①suggest的名词形式为suggestion，意为“建议，提议”May I make a suggestion?②在表示“建议某人做某事”时，可用advise sb. to do sth,不能用suggest sb. to do sth.suggest sb. doing=advise sb. to doadvice和suggestion的辨析advice的动词形式为advise。advise和suggest的辨析【典例分析】1.—Hello, Lucy, please give me some ______ on how to improve my English!—You’d better keep _____more English books. A. advices; read B. advice; read C. advice; reading D. advices; reading【答案】C【解析】用语法分析法解题。advice 是不可数名词；keep 后接动词的-ing形式。2.My teachers advise us ________ computer games. That is bad for our eyes.A. to play B. playing C. not to play D. not play【答案】C【解析】句意：我的老师建议我们不要玩电脑游戏。那对我们的眼睛有害。advise sb. not to do sth.建议某人不要做某事，故答案为C。3.My teacher gave me much ________ on how to learn English well.A. advice B. question C. suggestion D. problem【答案】A【解析】我的老师给了我很多关于如何学好英语的建议。A. advice 建议，不可数名词；question 问题，可数名词；C. suggestion 建议，可数名词；D. problem问题，可数名词。此处是由形容词much来修饰的，故用不可数名词，give advice on在…方面给出建议。故答案A。4. Here are some ______ for protecting the Earth. A. suggestions B. centuries C. advices D. treasures【答案】A【解析】A. suggestions 建议 B. centuries 世纪 C. advices建议，不可数不能加“s“ D. treasures珠宝 根据语境和句意选A5. She suggested _______ early so that we could catch the first train.　A. go get up B. getting up 　　 C. get up D. to getting up【答案】B suggest doing sth 建议做某事。6.老师建议我们每天阅读。（完成句子） The doctor ____________ ____________ _________ ___________ every day. =The doctor ____________ ____________ _________ every day.【答案】advises us to read suggests us reading. advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事。suggest sb. doing sth.建议某人做某事。7. The article gives students some ________ about how to stay safe online.A. suggestions B. activities C. decisions D. advantages【答案】A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这篇文章给学生们提供了如何保证上网安全的建议。suggestion意为“建议”；activity意为“活动”；decision意为“决定”；advantage意为“优点”。根据语境可知，此处表示“给学生提出建议”。故选A。要点 5：smell的用法smell n.气味 v.发出…气味;闻到典例 Bob and Sally hate the smell of onions.(名词)鲍勃和萨莉讨厌洋葱的气味。 Dinner smells good.(动词)晚饭闻起来很香。 The dog smelt a rabbit.(动词)狗嗅到了兔子的气味一句辨义 The boy smelt the bottle, and there was a strange smell.这个男孩闻了闻这个瓶子,有一种奇怪的气味。注意 smell的过去式为 smelled或 smelt;过去分词为 smelled或 smelt。拓展：smell作系动词，意为“闻到……的味道， 闻起来”，后接形容词作表语。类似的还有:taste 尝起来……look.....看起来sound......听起来 + adjsmell.....闻起来feel.....摸起来,感觉【典例分析】1. Let’s keep all the windows open. The _________ in the office is really terrible.A. style B. shape C. smell D. space【答案】C【解析】本小题考查名词词义辨析。style意为“样式”；shape意为“形状”；smell意为“气味”；space意为“空间”。根据“让所有的窗户都开着吧”可知，办公室里的“气味”难闻，故选C。2.Coffee is ready. How nice it___！A．smells B．sounds C．feels D. becomes【答案】A【解析】句意：咖啡准备好了，它闻起来多好！A. smells闻起来；B. sounds听起来； C. feels摸起来； D. becomes成为。根据形容词nice，可知动词应该是系动词；根据前面提到的是咖啡，所以应该是闻起来。故选A。3. —Does the soup _________ nice?—Yes. It’s hot, but really delicious.A. sound B. feel C. look D. smell【答案】D【解析】句意：——这个汤闻起来好喝吗？——是的，它很热，但是很美味。考查动词。sound 听起来；feel感觉，摸起来；look 看起来；smell闻起来。根据句意可知，soup是汤，应该是尝起来美味，故选D。4．—Does the soup _________ nice?—Yes. It’s hot, but really delicious.A．sound B．feel C．look D．taste【答案】D【解析】句意：-这个汤尝起来好喝吗？-是的，它很热，但是美味。sound 听起来；feel感觉，摸起来；look 看起来；taste尝起来。根据句意可知，soup是汤，应该是尝起来美味，故应选D。要点6 encourage的用法 encourage的用法（1）作为及物动词，意为“鼓励”。常用于encourage sb. to do sth.，意为“鼓励某人做某事”。 Our teachers always encourage us to study hard. 我们的老师们总是鼓励我们好好学习。（2）其形容词encouraging,意为“令人鼓舞的；振奋人心的等”。 It is an encouraging letter.这是一封鼓舞人心的信。（3）其名词encouragement,意为“鼓励；鼓舞”。 We need all the supports and encouragements from our parents. 我们需要来自于我们父母的一切支持和鼓励。(4)courage (n.) 勇气------>常用短语 have the courage to do sth 有勇气去做某事【典例分析】1.Betty often feels lonely. I'll encourage her _____ friends with others.A．make B．made C．to make D．making【答案】C encourage sb. to do sth. 激励某人做某事。2. Mr. Liu encouraged us ________ (speak) English as much as possible. 【答案】encourage sb. to do sth.鼓励某人去做某事，故填 to speak 3.我们总是被（王老师）鼓励在课上讲英语。Ms. Wang always _________ __________ ________ speak English in class。【答案】encourages us to4. Tom is shy, but he spoke in front of the class this morning. What great _____ he showed! A. will B. fun C. pride D. courage【答案】本题考查名词辨析。will意为“意志；决心”，fun意为“娱乐；乐趣”，pride意为“自豪感；骄傲”，courage意为“勇气；胆量”，结合语境可知应选D。5.His coach encouraged him ________ the competition. A. enter B. entered C. entering D. to enter【答案】本题考查动词的用法。encourage sb. to do sth.意为“鼓励某人做某事”，故选D。要点7 strict构成的短语 strict adj.严厉的；严格的【例句】He grew up in a strict family.他在一个严格的家庭长大。【辨析】be strict with 与be strict inbe strict with 意为“对某人要求严格”be strict in (about) 意为“对某物/某事要求严格”【易混辨析】be strict with与be strict inOur teacher is strict with us and he is also strict in his work.我们的老师对我们严格要求，并且他对他的工作也严格要求。【典例分析】1.父亲对我们这些孩子很严格。Father us children.2.他对工作很严格He his work.【答案】 1.is strict with 2.is strict in (about)3.He is very strict ________ his students ________ their homework.A. with；with B. with；in C. in；in D. in；with【答案】B【解析】句意：他对学生在作业方面的要求很严格。be strict with sb.对某人要求严格；be strict in sth.对某事要求严格。因此his students的前面用介词with，their homework的前面用介词in，答案选B4. Mr. Miller is always strict 　　　　us 　　　　our homework. A. with; with B. in; with C. with; in D. in; in【答案】C　【解析】be strict with 对。。。（人）要求严格。 be strict in（about）对。。。（事）要求严格。故答案选C要点 8 as well，also，too与either的区别：① as well是副词短语，常位于句末，用于肯定句。 他也会说法语。He can speak French as well.② also是副词，较正式，常位于be 动词、助动词或情态动词之后，行为动词之前，用于肯定句。 她也想去游泳。She also wants to go swimming.③ too是副词，多用于口语，常位于句末，用于肯定句。 我也是一个初中生。 I’m a junior high school student too. ④ either是副词，位于句末，用于否定句。 他也不喜欢吃鱼。 He doesn’t like eating fish either.【典例分析】用too, also, as well或either填空1. They __________ went to the park last weekend.2. He didn’t bring his homework to school, __________.3. She bought some clothes __________.4. He knows Chinese, and he knows English ___________.5. If you don’t go, I won’t go ______.【答案】1.also 常用在句中，be动词之后行为动词之前。2.either 用于否定句中，句末。3.as well用于肯定句句末。不用逗号。4.too /as well 用在句末。肯定句中5. either 也否定句中。6. Lucy likes English, and Lily likes English　　 . A. also B. either C. so D. as well【答案】D考查词义辨析。also意为“也”, 用于句中; either意为“也”, 用于否定句句末; so意为“所以”, 表示结果; as well意为“也”, 用于肯定句句末。故选D。7．My friend Frank sings well, and he ________does well in playing football.A．not 　 B．also 　 C．as well 　　 D．to【答案】B【解析】考查副词also。also表示“也”，经常用在句中，as well虽然也表示“也”，但经常用于句末。要点 9. be worried about 的用法be worried about 为……担忧【解析】be worried about意为“担心”，强调状态，后面接名词、代词、或动词-ing形式作宾语。其中worried是形容词，意为“担心的；担忧的”。We are all worried about her health. 我们都为她的健康担忧。【拓展】worry作动词，意为“担心；担忧”，worry about 意为“担心”，强调动作。Don't worry about her. She can pass the test because she studies hard.不要担心她。因为她努力学习，她可以通过考试的。【典例分析】1.我很担心我弟弟。I__________ _________ __________ my brother. I__________ _________ my brother. 【答案】am worried about worry about 2. It was getting too dark. Lisa didn't arrive home. Her parents were ________ her safety.A. relaxed about B. excited aboutC. worried about D. busy with【答案】C【解析】句意：天越来越黑了。丽莎没有到家。她的父母担心她的安全。考查短语辨析题。A.be relaxed about放松；B.be excited about对…感到兴奋；C.be worried about担心；D.be busy with从事。根据上文It was getting too dark. Lisa didn't arrive home.，可知其父母很担心，故选C。要点 10. Height的用法height n. 高度 表示某物的高度，其形容词形式是high【考点】辨析：high, highly与height The mountain is very high.那座山很高。Don't climb too high. 别爬得太高。Mary is a highly educated woman.玛丽是一位受过高等教育的女士。 【重点】height常用的结构 (1)at a height of在……的高度；在……的鼎盛时期 (2) in height 在高度上 (3) What‘s the height of...？＝What's...height？……的高度是多少？ 拓展： length n 长度 width n 宽度 depth n 深度【典例分析】1.这座山有多高？_________ ___________ _____________of the mountain_________ ___________ ___________ the mountain【点拨】What’s the height How is high2.它有两米高。It is 2 metres __________.It is 2 metres __________ __________.【点拨】high in height 3. —What's the ________ of the mountain?—It's about nine hundred metres.A. temperature B. height C. direction D. price【点拨】B句意：——这座山的高度是多少？——大约900米。A. temperature温度，气温；B. height高度；C. direction方向；D. price价格。根据下文It's about nine hundred metres.回答可知上文是提问山的高度。根据题意，故选B。要点11 too …to 的用法too…to…意为“太……而不能”。它在结构形式上是肯定的，但意义上却表示否定含义，所以动词不定式符号to前不能再加not，只接动词原形即可，too后接形容词或副词原形。例如： The book is too difficult to understand. 这本书难于理解。【拓展】（1）含too…to…的句子可以改写成“so…that…”句型，意为“如此……以至于……”。例如：He is too old to do hard work. = He is so old that he can’t do hard work. 他年纪太大而不能干重活。（2）含too…to…的句子也可以用“not … enough to do sth.”句型来替换，但注意要用原句中形容词或副词的反义词。例如： He is too old to do hard work. = He is not young enough to do hard work. 他年纪大了，不能干重活。【典例分析】1.I often laugh when I see my grandma learning pop songs, but she says, “one is never _____ old to learn. ” A. too B. so C . very D. quite【答案】句意：当我看到奶奶在学流行歌曲时，我经常笑，但她说：“活到老学到老。” too…to…意为“太……而不能……”2.Betty如此生气，以致说不出话来。Betty was _____ ______ _______ she _______ say a word.Betty was _____ ______ ______ say a word.【答案】so angry that couldn’t too angry to3.我激动得睡不着。 I was ________ ________ ___________ I couldn’t fall asleep.I was ________ ________ __________ fall asleep.【答案】so excited that too excited to4.Jim is so young that he can’t look after himself. (改为同义句)①Jim is __________young __________look after himself. Jim is __________ old __________ __________ look after himself. 【答案】too。。。to 太。。。而不能。 not enough 不够。。。以致不能。5. The camera is _______ expensive _______ I can’t afford it. A. so; that B. such; that C. too; to D. enough; to 【答案】A【解析】句意：这照相机太贵了，我买不起。A. so+ adj / adv + that+句子“如此……以至于……”；B. “such a/an +adj+可数名词单数+that+句子”或者“such + adj+可数名词复数/不可数名词+that+句子” “如此……以至于”； C. too adj to do“太……以至于不能……”；D. enough; to 足够。。。以致能6. The man is ______________ hungry _______________ he can’t say a word. A. too ; to B. enough ; to C. so ; that D. such ; that【答案】C【解析】句意：这个男人是如此的饥饿以至于连一句话都说不出来了。考查易混连词辨析。too……to太……而不能做某事；中间连接形容词或副词原形，后接动词原形组成动词不定式；enough to足够的……去做某事；前接形容词或副词原形后接动词原形组成动词不定式；so……that如此的……以至于……；中间连接形容词或副词原形，后接结果状语从句；such……that如此的……以至于……；中间接名词性质的短语后接结果状语从句。根据句中的hungry为形容词，结尾he can’t say a word结果状语从句。故选C。要点12 hear sb. do sth. 和hear sb.doing sth. hear sb./sth.+动词原形：听见某人/某物（经常/过去）做……. hear sb./sth.+动词-ing: 听见某人/某物正在做…….I heard her play the piano in her room last night.I hear her playing the piano in her room now.hear sb. doing sth. 听到某人正在做某事【经典例句】 When I passed the room, I heard someone singing inside. 当我路过房间的时候，我听到有人在里面唱歌。【考点聚焦】 1）注意区别hear sb. do和hear sb. doing:hear sb. do sth.表示“听到某人做某事的全过程”。hear sb. doing sth.表示“听到某人正在做某事”。2)注意掌握hear的其他短语：hear about听说关于…… hear of听说……hear that ...听说…… hear from收到……的来信还有see 和watch 还有类似用法【典例分析】1.—Is Tom in the next room? —Well, it's hard to say. But I heard him _____ loudly when I passed by just now.A. speak B. to speak C. spoken D. speaking【答案】D【解析】由 when I passed by just now 可知，是强调动作正在进行，hear sb. doing sth. 听见某人正在做某事，现在分词短语作宾语补足语。2.While I was walking along the lake, I saw some fish________ out of the water.　A．jumped B．to jump C．jumping D．are jumping【答案】【解析】。see sb doing sth看见某人正在做某事，see sb do sth看见某人做了某事。根据句意，当我沿着湖边散步时，我看见一些鱼从水里跳出来。故答案选C。3.She was heard________ books.A．to read B．reads C．read D．to be read【答案】A【解析】see sb do sth看见某人做了某事。被动语态to要加上。4.I saw some boys basketball on the playground.A. play B.to play C. played D. playing【答案】D【解析】句意：我看见一些男孩正在操场上打篮球。see sb doing sth看见某人正在做某事，see sb dosth看见某人做了某事。根据句意，表示看见一些男孩正在打篮球，故用playing，故选D。5.突然，我看到一只小熊在玩一些树枝和石头。 Suddenly, I ________ a baby bear ________ ________ some sticks and stones.【答案】saw playing with6.He saw his mother___________(do)housework when he got up earlier.【点拨】doing 表示看到某人正在做某事7. I often see her ____________(dance) in the park.【点拨】dance 表示看到某人做了某事要点13 be afraid …的用法（1）be afraid表示“害怕做某事”或“不敢做某事”，be afraid 之后可接不定式，也可接名词、代词或of doing sth.。例如：She was afraid to tell you. 她害怕告诉你。She is afraid of going out alone late at night. 她很怕深夜独自外出。（2）要表示担心可能会发生某事，则只能用 be afraid of doing而不能用 be afraid to do。例如：I’m afraid of being late for class. 我担心上课迟到。（3）be afraid后可接that从句。He is afraid that his father will be unhappy. 他担心他的爸爸会不高兴。(4)I'm afraid so. 恐怕如此。I'm afraid not. 恐怕不行。1.—I think we have to put off the sports meeting because of the bad weather.我认为因为恶劣的天气我们不得不推迟这次运动会。—I'm afraid so. 恐怕是这样。2. —Can I go out to play football now?我现在能出去踢足球吗？—I'm afraid not. 恐怕不行。【典例分析】1. I am afraid _______ speak English in class，because I am afraid _______ being laughed at.A. to; of B. of; to C. in; of D. of; in【点拨】be afraid to do sth. 害怕做某事，to后加动词原形。be afraid of sth. 害怕某事，of后加名词或者动名词。2.我害怕夜晚出去I_________ _________ ___________ ___________ out at night. = I __________ ____________ _____________ __________ out at night【点拨】am afraid to go / am afraid of going 3.恐怕这次你又不及格。_________ __________ _________ you couldn’t pass the exam.【点拨】I’m afraid that. 恐怕。不是“害怕”之意。委婉语气。4.Let's keep quiet. I'm ________ waking up my father.A. afraid B. afraid of C. afraid to D. afraid that【点拨】B句意：让我们保持安静。我怕吵醒我父亲。考查形容词短语辨析。afraid担心的/害怕的，单独使用作表语；be afraid of是固定短语，后接名词或动名词；be afraid to do，to是不定式符号，后接原形动词；be afraid that后接句子。waking up（睡醒/弄醒）是动名词短语，根据句意结构，故选B。要点14 find outfind out意为“找到，发现，查明”，多指通过调查、询问、打听、研究之后“弄明白”。通常含有“经过困难、曲折”之后才找出难以找到的东西。例如： Please find out when the train leaves. 请查一下火车什么时候离站。【拓展】 (1) find是动词，意为“找到”，通常指找到或发现具体的东西，强调的是找的结果。例如：He didn’t find his book. 他没有找到他的书。 (2) look for意为“寻找”，是有目的地找，强调找的动作。例如：Jim is looking for his little dog. Jim正在找他的狗。【考点辨析】look for ,find out ,find 【典例分析】1. Dear ！ Where is my watch ? I can’t ______ it anywhere .A. look for B. find out C. find D. look 【答案】C. 意为“找到”，强调“找”的结果2.Paul , could you help me_______ when the earliest train will leave for Beijing ?-OK , I’ll do it right away .A. look out B. get out C. find out D. take out 【答案】C. find out意为“找到，发现，查明”，多指通过调查、询问、打听、研究之后“弄明白”。通常含有“经过困难、曲折”之后才找出难以找到的东西。3.The window was broken．Try to ______ who has broken it． A．find B．look C．find out D．look for【答案】C。find out意为“查明”；find意为“找到”；look for意为“寻找”，根据句意可知应该选“查明”4.他到处寻找他的钢笔，但是还是没有找到。 He____________ his pen, but he didn’t ___________ it.【答案】looked for find.5.你能帮我查一下火车什么时候开吗？Could you help me______________ when the train leaves?【答案】find out6. 你找到你的书了吗？ Do you _____________your book?【答案】find要点 15. keep的用法：1). keep＋名词/形容词 保持……Running is a good way to keep healthy. 跑步是保持健康的一种好方法。2). keep＋宾语＋形容词 使……保持某种状态We must keep the room clean. 我们必须保持这个房间干净。3). keep (on) doing sth. 不断地做某事I kept (on) thinking about the match in the afternoon. 我总是想着下午的比赛。4). keep sb. doing sth. 使某人一直做某事I kept them waiting at the gate. 我让他们在大门口一直等着。5). keep sb./sth. from doing sth. 防止或阻止某人/物做某事 We must keep them from getting to know our plans. 我们必须设法防止他们知道我们的计划。拓展： keep构成的短语keep doing sth 一直做某事keep sb/sth doing sth 使某人/某事一直做某事keep sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事keep up with 跟上 keep in mind 记住 keep on 继续【典例分析】2. 使劲跑，别停！Just __________ __________, don’t stop!【答案】keep running。keep (on) doing sth. 不断地做某事3. 我们要尽力保持卧室清洁整齐。We should try to __________ the bedroom __________ and tidy.【答案】keep clean 。keep＋宾语＋形容词 使……保持某种状态4. 对不起，让你久等了。I’m sorry for keeping you __________ for such a long time.【答案】waiting。 keep sb. doing sth. 使某人一直做某事5. 疾风阻止我们去上学。The strong wind keeps us __________ __________ to school.【答案】from going。keep sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事6.大雨使我们踢不了球。The heavy rain ___________ us ___________ ___________ football.【答案】stopped from playing。stop …from 表示阻止。。。做某事。7. As we all know, it’s not polite to keep others_________ for a long time.A. wait B. waited C. to wait D. waiting【答案】D这题考查非谓语的用法：keep sb doing“让某人一直做某事”，句意是：我们都知道，让别人等很长时间是不礼貌的。选D。要点 16. used to do 和be used to doing的区别used to 意为“过去常常”（1）be used to (doing) sth. 意为“习惯于(做)某事”，（2）be used to do sth. 意为“被用来做某事”（3）be used for doing sth. 意为“被用来做某事”，be used for doing=be used to do。 (4) be used as... 意为“被用来作为……”used to do 和be used to doing【典例分析】1. My grandparents used to__________ in a small village, and now they aren’t used to_________ in the big city.A. live; living B. live; live C. living; live D. living; living【答案】A【详解】考查非谓语动词辨析。我的祖父母曾经住在一个小的村庄，现在他们不习惯住在大城市里。used to do sth 意为：过去常常做某事；be used to doing sth意为：习惯做某事。根据句意可知，第一个空格表示“我的祖父母曾经住在一个小村庄”，所以第一个空格填live。第二个空格表示“现在他们不习惯住在大城市里”，所以第二个空格填living。故选A。2.John _________with a knife but now he _________with chopsticks after living in Beijing for several months.A. used to eat; is used to eat B. used to eating; gets used to eatC. used to eat; is used to eating D. was used to eating; is used to eat【答案】C 句意：约翰过去常常用刀吃用餐，但现在他在北京住了几个月后习惯用筷子吃饭。2.用 used to 和 be used to 的适当形式填空。 1. My uncle _____________ live in a big city， but he _________________ living in a village now.【答案】used to is used to2. I _________________ get up late when I was in the middle school. 【答案】used to3. The child _________________ watch too much TV at night. So he has poor eyesight now. 【答案】used to4. We students ___________________ doing morning exercises every day. 【答案】are used to5. There _______________ be a beautiful park.【答案】used to 要点 17. Wherever 的用法wherever‌常用于引导地点状语从句，表示“无论在哪里”。例如：‌Wherever you go, I will follow you.‌无论你去哪里，我都会跟着你。I'll meet you wherever you choose.‌无论你选择哪里，我都会在那里等你。【拓展】类似whoever可以引导让步状语从句的词还有： however ＝ no matter how 无论怎样 whatever ＝ no matter what无论什么 whatever ＝ no matter what 无论什么 whenever ＝ no matter when无论谁 whichever ＝ no matter which 无论哪一个【典例分析】1. Deng Yaping is very successful, because ________ she does, she always tries her best.A. however B. whatever C. whenever D. wherever【答案】B【解析】句意：邓亚萍很成功，因为无论她做什么，她总是尽最大的努力。考查从属连词辨析。however无论如何；whatever无论什么；whenever无论何时；wherever无论何地。根据“she does, she always tries her best”可知，此处指无论她做什么，她总是尽最大的努力，应用whatever引导让步状语从句。故选B。2. There are many kinds of books in the library and you can choose ________ you like.A. however B. whenever C. whoever D. whatever【答案】D【解析】句意：图书馆里有很多种书，你可以选择你喜欢的任何书。考查单词辨析。however无论如何；whenever无论何时；whoever无论谁；whatever无论什么。分析句子“you can choose...you like.”可知，此句是一个宾语从句；再者根据“you like”可知，like缺少宾语，因此用whatever引导宾语从句。故选D。3. ________ leaves the classroom last should turn off the lights.A．Whatever B．Wherever C．Whenever D．Whoever【答案】D　【解析】whatever意为“无论什么”，指事物；wherever意为“无论哪里”，指地点；whenever意为“无论什么时候”，指时间；whoever意为“无论谁”，指人。根据语境可知，本句指人。故选D。4. The ski machine has helped people ski safely, and they can practise _____ they want without considering the weather.A. whatever B. however C. whenever D. wherever【答案】C【解析】句意：滑雪机器帮助人们安全滑雪，他们可以随时练习，而不考虑天气。考查连词辨析。whatever无论什么；however无论如何；whenever无论何时；wherever无论在哪里。根据“without considering the weather”可知不用考虑天气，应是随时可以联系，用whenever符合语境。故选C。5. _______________(无论你去哪里)，I will care for you.【答案】Wheverever you go6.__________________(无论你做什么)，you must do it well.【答案】Whatever you do7.________________________(无论天气怎样冷)，he always goes swimming.【答案】However cold it is8.__________________________(无论你借哪本书)，you must return it in a week.【答案】whichever book you borrow要点 18. competition‌的用法competition‌：比赛；竞赛。例如：He was the twentieth in the competition.他在比赛中是第二十名compete‌动词，意为“竞争，对抗；争夺；参加比赛”。‌compete with/against sb. for sth.‌：与某人为了某事而竞争。例如：We can't compete with them on price.我们在价格上无法与他们竞争.‌compete in a contest‌：参加比赛。例如：He competed in the Olympics.他参加了奥运会compete的名词形式有两个：‌competitor‌：参赛者；竞争者。例如:The company must reduce costs to compete effectively with its competitors.公司必须降低成本以有效地与竞争对手竞争【典例分析】 1.We have to learn to cooperate and ________ (competition).【答案】compete 动词。“竞争，比赛。”2. Your next ________ (competition) will be even stronger.【答案】competitor 竞争者3 . 参赛选手参加比赛是因为他们想和更强大的队员比赛。 The _______ entered the_______ because they wanted to_______ with stronger players.【答案】competitors, competition, compete；4. 赢得这次比赛不是很容易。It is not easy to _______ _______ _______。【答案】win the competition5.—Look! Little Johnny is crying all the time! I’m sure he is not ill—Maybe it’s because yonng chidren usually_______for their mother's attention.A. compare B. deal C. run D. compete【解析】句意：看！小约翰尼一直在哭！我肯定他没病.——也许是因为小孩子通常会争夺妈妈的注意力.考查动词辨析.compare比较；deal经营；run跑；compete竞争。根据Little Johnny is crying all the time!和“...young children usually_____for their mother's attention.妈妈需要处理很多事情，她的注意力难免会从孩子身上分散出去，于是还不太会表达自己的孩子便通过哭的方式把妈妈的注意力争夺回来，compete将合题意.故选D.6. It’s difficult for a small supermarket to ________ with the big supermarkets.A. compare B. compete C. continue D. communicate【答案】B【解析】句意：小超市很难与大超市竞争。考查动词辨析。compare比较；compete竞争；continue继续；communicate交流。根据“It’s difficult for a small supermarket to...with the big supermarkets”可知，此处指小超市与大超市竞争，故选B。要点19 give upgive up意为“放弃”，give up doing sth.意为“放弃做某事”，give up后若跟动词，只能跟动名词。拓展与give相关的短语Give off 发出，放出 Give away 捐赠，赠送 Give out 分发 Give back 归还，送回 Give in 让步，投降【典例分析】1．—Song Joongki is a movie star in Asia now.—That's true. He was once an excellent skater but had to ________ skating because of an accident.A. give up　　　 B. set up C. take up D. put up 【答案】考查短语辨异。A. give up放弃　B. set up建起 C. take up 从事，开始做某事 D. put up 建起，搭建，举起。句意：宋中基现在是亚洲的电影明星。-那是真的。他曾经是一名优秀的滑冰运动员，但由于一次事故而不得不放弃滑冰。根据题意选择A。 2. Andrea Bo will never______, which makes him a successful singer. A. takes away　　　　B. gives away C. gets up D. gives up【答案】D give up 放弃。Give away 捐赠。 Get up 起床。3 —It’s too hard for me to be a trail walker. —Never______. Believe in yourself! A. put up B. give up C. hurry up D. look up【答案】B A. put up 举起。张贴。建起。 B. give up 放弃 C. hurry up 赶快， D. look up查阅。B符合题意。4. In the song I Bet My Life, the US rock band Imagine Dragon tells people never to ______ catching their dreams.A. give up B. give out C. give in D. give off【答案】A. give up 放弃。 B. give out分发 C. give in 屈服 D. give off发出。5.我弟弟已经决定放弃跳舞。My brother has decided to __________ ___________ _____________. 【答案】give up dancing。要点20 successful , succeed 的用法success的用法（1）作为不可数名词，意为“成功；成就”。在表示“成功的人或事”时，它是可数名词。 Success is the mother of failure.失败是成功之母。 The party was a great success.这次聚会获得了巨大的成功。其动词succeed,意为“成功”，常用于succeed in doing sth.,意为“成功做某事”。 The young man succeeded in passing the driving test. 年青人成功地通过了驾照考试。（3）其形容词successful，意为“成功的”，其反义词为unsuccessful,意为“不成功的”。它们的副词分别为successfully, unsuccessfully。The old man is a very successful writer. 老人是一个非常成功的作家。【典例分析】1. success, succeed, successful , successfully填空。1）He is a _______ business man.2）At last Mike _______ passing the exam.3）Failure is the mother of _______.4）You can finish this task _______ by hard working.5）At last he __________ in solving the problem. 6）His new book was a great ____________. 【答案】1）Successful 2）succeeded in 3）success 4）Successfully5）succeeded succeed in doing sth表示做某事做成功了.动词。 6）success 2.他终于把那个问题解决了。At last he _________ _________solving the problem. 【答案】succeeded in3. David has became a ______ writer. He wrote a book ___________.A．successful successful B．success successful C．succeed successful D．successful successfully【答案】D 名词前面用形容词修饰，副词修饰动词。故选D。4.The ______ man ______ in finishing the work on time. A. successfully; successful B. succeeded; successfulC. success; successful D. successful; succeeded【答案】用语法分析法。句意为“这位成功人士按时完成了工作”。根据语境可知, man是名词, 前面要用形容词修饰, 所以第一空是形容词; 第二空应是动词, succeed in doing sth. 表示成功做某事。故选D5. Please remember, “Failure is the mother of ________.” And I’m sure you will be ________ in teaching. A. success; succeeded B. succeed; successful C. success; a success D. a success; a success 【答案】考查success的用法。句意为“请记住‘失败是成功之母’。我肯定你会成为教学上的成功者”。success作“成功”之意讲时是不可数名词; 作可数名词表示“成功的人(或事)”; success的形容词“successful”意为“成功的”。故选C。6.Frederick ____ entered the final competition last month. His hobby has brought him ____. A. successful; success B. successful; successfullyC. successfully; success D. successfully; successful【答案】C。句意：弗雷德里克上个月成功地进入了决赛。他的爱好给他带来了成功。副词修饰动词。知识要点二、语法冠词冠词是一种虚词，是名词的一种标志，不能独立担任任何句子成分，只能附着在一个名词上，帮助说明其词义。对于冠词的考查，往往集中于a、an的用法区别，定冠词的用法，不用冠词的情况，习惯用语中冠词的用法等几个方面。考查形式以单项选择为主，有时也会在完形填空、完成句子等类型的题目中出现。在学习过程中，不但要掌握不同类型的冠词的用法，还要注意习惯搭配中的冠词的使用情况。中考考查重点：一、冠词的用法；二、不用冠词的情况；考向1 冠词的分类考向2 冠词的基本用法一、 不定冠词a、an的用法1. a和an都用于可数名词单数前，泛指人和物。表示可数事物中的一个。但两者用法有区别：（1）若随后的单词以辅音音素开头，用 a。如：a lot of，a good idea，a pear。（2）若随后的单词以元音音素开头，用 an。如：an example，an orange，an apple。二、定冠词the的用法13. 用在某些固定的表达法。in the morning 在早上 in the afternoon 在下午 in the evening 在晚上 go to the cinema 去看电影 in the world 在世界上 all the year round 一年到头on the way to 在去……去的路上 三、不用冠词的情况【典例分析】一、单项选择1. I like playing ________ piano, but Jerry likes playing ________ football.A. the; a B. the; / C. /; the D. a; an【答案】B【解析】句意：我喜欢弹钢琴，但杰瑞喜欢踢足球。考查冠词。play后接乐器类名词时，名词前加定冠词the，play the piano“弹钢琴”；play后接球类名词时，名词前不用冠词，play football“踢足球”。故选B。2. If you go to ________ Britain, don’t forget to visit ________ British Museum. It’s a 30-minute bus ride from ________ River Thames.A. the; /; / B. the; the; / C. /; /; the D. /; the; the【答案】D【解析】句意：如果你去英国，别忘了参观大英博物馆。 从泰晤士河坐巴士30分钟就到了。 考查冠词辨析。第一空在专有名词Britain前，不需要加冠词。第二空表示专有名词“大英博物馆”the British Museum。第三空表示专有名词“泰晤士河”the River Thames，故选D。3.Daniel had _______egg, apiece of bread and a glass of milk for breakfast this morning. A. a B. an C. the D. /【答案】B【解析】句意：丹尼尔今天早餐吃了一个鸡蛋，一片面包和一杯牛奶。考查冠词辨析。egg（鸡蛋）是单数名词，以元音音素开头，需用不定冠词an修饰；根据句意语法，可知选B。4. —There is ________ uniform in the soccer club.—Is ________ uniform Bob’s?A. a; the B. an; the C. an; an D. the; an【答案】A【解析】句意：——足球俱乐部里有一件校服。——这件校服是鲍勃的吗？考查冠词辨析。a不定冠词，表示泛指，用于以辅音音素开头的单词之前；an不定冠词，表示泛指，用于以元音音素开头的单词之前；the定冠词，表示特指或前文提到的人或物等。根据句意可知，空一表示泛指，且uniform以辅音音素开头，故应用不定冠词a；空二是指前文提到的这件校服，故应用定冠词the。故选A。5. Robert is good at playing ________ piano although he is only ________ 11-year-old boy.A. /,the B. the, an C. a, / D. the, the【答案】B【解析】句意：虽然罗伯特只是一位11岁的男孩，但是他擅长弹钢琴。考查冠词用法。play后跟的棋类、乐器名词前要加定冠词the，球类名词前不加冠词。前空填the；后句表示“一位11岁的男孩”，“一……”是不定冠词a/an的用法，a用在以辅音音素开始的单词前，an用在以元音音素开始的单词前，eleven的第一个音[i]是元音，用不定冠词an。故选B。6. I’ve had ______ bad headache all day, so I think I’ll go to ______ bed early. A. a; 不填 B. 不填; the C. 不填；不填 D. a; the【答案】A【解析】句意：我头痛得很厉害，所以我想我要早点睡觉。Have a bad headache 和go to bed 都是固定搭配。7. ---How do you go to ________ work? ---I usually take _________ bus. A．the; a B. /; a C. a; a D. the; ／【答案】B【解析】句意：---你怎么去上班？---我通常乘公共汽车。go to work 上班。固配。 Take a bus 乘公汽。8. Tom likes playing _______ piano while Tim likes playing ________ football.A. the ...the B. / ...the C. the .../ D. / .../【答案】C【解析】句意：汤姆喜欢弹钢琴，而蒂姆喜欢踢足球。乐器前面一般加定冠词。球类棋类前面不用冠词。知识要点三、书面表达【话题分析】本单元是介绍你喜欢的人，运用目标单词和短语及句式进行介绍。通过学习范文，模仿文章结构，结合关键词来完成话题写作。1.目标语言：一般现在时态，关于人物相貌，性格，事件的单词和短语。2.文章结构可以从这几个方面着手写： a.人物出场。（谁，外貌，性格，职业等基本信息） b.所说的话和做的事情。 c.感受和评论。3.通过写作训练复习本单元的词汇及句型，使本单元目标语言在实际语言环境中得到运用.Basic structure of a description of a person you like!【单词短语积累】1写出描述人的外貌词汇：（10个）_________________________________________________________________________________2写出描述人的性格特征词汇：（10个）___________________________________________________________________________________【答案】1.Tall, short, strong, weak, fat, thin, slim, beautiful, cute, cool, pretty 2.kind, friendly, warm-hearted, outgoing, easygoing, patient, polite, hard-working, smart, serious, shy, brave3.翻译短语1.对…友善 __________________2.对。。。耐心 __________________3.给某人一些建议 __________________4.好好照顾 __________________5.严格要求 __________________6.给了我们很多支持 __________________7.上课要集中注意力 __________________8.乐于助人 __________________9.短而直的黑发 __________________10.在…很积极 __________________【答案】1.(be)kind to 2.(be)patient with 3.gives sb. tips on 4.take good care of 5.(be) strict about (in)6.gives us lots of support 7.keep one’s attention in class 8.short straight black hair 9.be ready to help others 10.be active in【句式积累】1.玛丽阿姨在我的右边。她有一头又短又直的黑发。她45岁了。 Aunt Mary is on my right. She has short straight black hair. She's 45 years old.2. 她是一个有着长头发、又高又痩的女人。She is a tall and thin woman with long hair. 3.她对每个人都很好，对人很有耐心，她总是很开朗。(Reading) She is kind to everyone and very patient with people and she is always cheerful.4.奶奶对我们照顾得很好。她是个很好的厨师，她的菜是世界上最好的.Grandma takes good care of us. She is a really good cook and her dishes are the best in the world5.李老师对我们的功课很严格，但当我们需要帮助时，他会给我们很多支持。 Mr Li is strict about our schoolwork but he gives us lots of support when we need help6.她喜欢在教学中使用有趣的游戏，知道如何在课堂上保持我们的注意力。She likes using fun games in her teaching and knows how to keep our attention in class.7.我的叔叔已经退休了，但他仍然给我们很多有用的建议。My uncle has retired, but he still gives us a lot of useful advice.8.她勤奋努力、乐观，所以她总鼓励我并给予我支持。She is so hard-working/diligent and positive/cheerful that she always encourages me and gives me support. 9.当我们生病的时候，我的妈妈照顾好每一个家庭成员。My mother takes good care of every family member when we are sick.10.姚园在我们社区很活跃。周末，他经常在当地养老院帮忙。Yao Yuan is very active in our community. At the weekend, he often helps out at a local retirement home.【实战演练】根据本单元所学，写一篇英语短文。 The person I love best —****___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________My English teacher is Miss Liu. She is really kind and always wears a big smile on her face. In class, Miss Liu makes learning fun. She uses lots of pictures and videos to teach us new words and sentences. We often play games and do group work. It is never boring. After class, she talks to us in English. She helps us with our homework and gives us good advice. She always says, “Practice makes perfect.” Miss Liu is also hard - working. Every day, she comes to school early. She spends a long time preparing interesting lessons for us. She reads many English books and watches English movies to make her classes better. Miss Liu is a wonderful teacher. I like her very much and I want to be as good as her someday.advice不可数名词This is a piece of useful advice. 这是一条有用的建议。Who can give me some advice?谁能给我一些建议？suggestion可数名词Here are some suggestions for you.这是给你的一些建议。advisev.建议，常用于advise sb. to do sth.结构He advises me to have a good rest.他建议我好好休息一下。suggestv.建议， suggest sb. doing sth.I suggest having a good rest.我建议好好休息一下。be strict with sb.对某人要求严格Is your mother strict with you？你妈妈对你要求严格吗？be strict in （about） sth.对某事要求严格He is always strict in his work.他对工作总是要求严格。high形容词或副词作形容词讲时，意为“高的”，修饰名词；作副词讲时，意为“在高处”，修饰动词 highly副词意为“高级地”，修饰动词或形容词。 height名词意为“高度”，常与介词in连用。 Look for 意为“寻找”，强调“找”的动作Find 意为“找到”，强调“找”的结果，通常指找到具体的东西Find out 意为“发现，查明”，通常指查明抽象的东西，如某个真相或事实等used to do sth. 过去常常做某事，意思是现在不做了，主语常是人，当然也可以是能实施动作的动物等。I used to get up early and took an hour's walk before breakfast. 我过去常常起床很早并且在早餐前散步一小时。be used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事，主语也通常是人，但是也可以是能实施动作的动物等。“get used to doing sth.”相当于“be used to doing sth.”。 He is/gets used to living like this. 他习惯了这样生活。分类说明例子不定冠词a用于以辅音音素开头的单词前a gift 一份礼物，a plane 一架飞机，a useful book 一本有用的书an用于以元音音素开头的单词前an hour 一小时，an apple 一个苹果，an honest girl 一个诚实的女孩定冠词the只有一种形式，一般用于特指the pen you write with 你写字的钢笔，the Chinese movie 那部中国影片用法例子1. 用于特指某（些）人或某（些）事物。This is the city where my grandfather once lived.2. 用于指谈话双方知道的人或事物。Would you mind my opening the window?3. 用于复述上文提过的人或事物（第一次提到用＂a或an＂，以后再次提到用＂the＂）Jim lives in a small village. In the village, there is an old tree.4. 用在序数词和形容词最高级前。Spring is the first season of a year. This is the most interesting movie I have ever seen.5. 用于表示方向、方位的名词前。in the east 在东方 in the front 在前面 at the back 在后面 in the bottom 在底部 6.用在世界上独一无二的事物或乐器前。the sun, the moon, play the piano7.用于姓氏的复数前表示“一家人”或“夫妇”。The Turners are at breakfast table.8.与某些形容词连用表示一类人或事物。The young should help the old.9.用于由普通名词构成的专有名词前。the Great Wall, the United States10用在西洋乐器单数可数名词前。play the piano 弹钢琴 play the violin 拉小提琴用法例子1.在专有名词或不可数名词前。Paper is made of wood.2.名词前有指示代词、物主代词或不定代词作定语。Go along this road.Every student likes English in our class.3.复数名词表示一类人或事物时。My parents are teachers.4.在节日、日期、月份、季节前。Today is Children’s Day.It’s hot in summer.5.在一日三餐、球类运动、学科的名词前。He went to school without breakfast.Let’s play football after school.6.在某些固定短语中。in bed, in hospital, on foot, at school