高中英语外研版 (2019)选择性必修 第四册Unit 5 Into the unknown优秀导学案

这是一份高中英语外研版 (2019)选择性必修 第四册Unit 5 Into the unknown优秀导学案，共9页。

1. T imprve the speaking ability by talking abut natural phenmena and unslved natural mysteries.
2. T deeply understand the text, including the lgic structure, textural cntext, and the language features f the passage.
3. T think and share their views abut the pssible reasns fr the disappearance f Maya civilizatin.
4. T cultivate the spirit f seeking truth and the awareness f prtecting mdern civilizatin after reading.
1. T learn useful expressins abut natural phenmena and scientific explanatins t lst civilizatin.
2. T enhance students’ reading cmprehensin and further grasp the features f an expsitry essay.
3. T think abut and share the reasns fr the disappearance f Maya civilizatin and raise the students’ awareness f prtecting mdern civilizatin.
Key wrds and expressins fr Perid One
Step 1 Starting ut
Activity 1 Watch the vide and get key infrmatin t fill in the table.
Activity 2 Lk at the pictures and answer the questins.
Step 2 Befre reading
Activity 1 Lk at the pictures n Page 50 and answer the fllwing questins.
Questin 1: What d yu knw abut these ancient civilizatins?
Questin 2: What might be the reasns behind their cllapse?
Questin 3: What ther ancient civilizatins d yu knw?
Step 3 While reading
1. Read the text and answer the questins.
① What happened in the early 16th century?
A. The Maya lived a primitive life.
B. Eurpeans arrived in Central America.
C. The Maya civilizatin reached its peak.
② Why has n ne yet been able t fully explain the Maya writing system?
A. It’s t mysterius. B. It’s t impractical. C. It’s t cmplicated.
③ What made the Maya peple reduce their ability t deal with natural disasters?
A. The grwth f the Maya ppulatin.
B. Nt fllwing the laws f nature t change the landscape.
C. Cnflicts between freign natinalities and lcal peple.
④ What d scientists think was the main reasn the Maya civilizatin began t cllapse?
A. Cutting dwn trees. B. The drught. C. Trpical cyclnes.
2. Chse the tpic sentences and write them n the lines t cmplete the text.
Activity 3
Step 4 Further reading
Activity 4 Organize infrmatin frm the text and cmplete the file f Maya civilizatin.
Activity 5 Cmplete the cultural cmparisn with infrmatin frm the passage.
Cmparing the highly-sphisticated civilizatins f the Maya and Ancient China reveals sme surprising similarities. They bth pssessed a detailed understanding f 1 __________ and astrnmy, which helped them maintain an accurate 2 __________, and a cmplex 3 __________ that used signs t represent sunds and meanings. It can therefre be difficult t explain why, despite their excellent cnstructin skills, the Maya never learned t use 4 ______, while the ancient Chinese did. Facts such as these add t the mystery surrunding Maya civilizatin, driving peple t find ut why it 5 _______ while thers, such as Ancient China, survived and thrived.
Step 5: Pst- reading
Think & share
Think back the cntent f the passage and answer the fllwing the questin.
1 What is the authr’s purpse in starting the passage with the stry abut William Gadury?
2 What lessns can yu learn frm the cllapse f Maya civilizatin? Hw can this infrmatin help the develpment f tday’s sciety?
Step 6: Language appreciatin
1. The fact that Maya sciety was technlgically primitive makes its achievements all the mre incredible and mysterius.
[句式分析] “that Maya sciety was technlgically primitive”是 that 引导的 __________ 从句，解释说明主名词the fact的具体内容，引导词that只起引导性作用，不在从句中充当任何成分。
[尝试翻译] ______________________________________________________________。
2. This is likely t have led t a series f drught, each lasting fr a cuple f years.
[句式分析] “each lasting fr a cuple f years”是由“代词+ 现在分词”构成的 ____________ 结构。 其中动词last 与逻辑主语each 构成 _________ 语态关系，故使用 ________ 分词。
[尝试翻译] ______________________________________________________________。
3. Meanwhile, the rise and fall f this civilizatin must als leaves us thinking abut ur wn past, present and future.
[句式分析] “leave + 宾语+ 宾语补足语”表示“___________________”，宾语补足语可以是现在分词、过去分词、不定式、形容词、名词或小品词（n/ff; up/ dwn; away/ in/ut）。
[尝试翻译] _____________________________________________________________。
Step 7: Assignments
1. Review the basic usage f the new wrds and expressins learned in this perid.
2. Listen and get the main idea as well as details f the text.
3. Writing a 70-wrd summary f the passage.
【参考答案】
Step 1 Starting ut
Activity 1 Watch the vide and get key infrmatin t fill in the table. 【答案】
Activity 2 Lk at the pictures and answer the questins. 【参考答案】
Step 2 Befre reading
Activity 1 Lk at the pictures n Page 50 and answer the fllwing questins.
Questin 1: What d yu knw abut these ancient civilizatins?
【答案】They were very ppular befre the ancient civilizatins suddenly disappeared.
Questin 2: What might be the reasns behind their cllapse?
【答案】The destructin f mankind might be the reasns behind their cllapse.
Questin 3: What ther ancient civilizatins d yu knw?
【答案】The Khmer Empire: Funded in the 9th century, Angkr Wat was nce ne f the largest cities in Sutheast Asia and is knwn fr its art and wealth.
Step 3 While reading
1. Read the text and answer the questins.
① What happened in the early 16th century? 【答案B】
A. The Maya lived a primitive life.
B. Eurpeans arrived in Central America.
C. The Maya civilizatin reached its peak.
② Why has n ne yet been able t fully explain the Maya writing system? 【答案C】
A. It’s t mysterius. B. It’s t impractical. C. It’s t cmplicated.
③ What made the Maya peple reduce their ability t deal with natural disasters? 【答案B】
A. The grwth f the Maya ppulatin.
B. Nt fllwing the laws f nature t change the landscape.
C. Cnflicts between freign natinalities and lcal peple.
④ What d scientists think was the main reasn the Maya civilizatin began t cllapse? 【答案B】
A. Cutting dwn trees. B. The drught. C. Trpical cyclnes.
2. Chse the tpic sentences and write them n the lines t cmplete the text.
Activity 3
【答案】
Step 4 Further reading
Activity 4 Organize infrmatin frm the text and cmplete the file f Maya civilizatin.
【答案】
Activity 5 Cmplete the cultural cmparisn with infrmatin frm the passage.
Cmparing the highly-sphisticated civilizatins f the Maya and Ancient China reveals sme surprising similarities. They bth pssessed a detailed understanding f 1 __________ and astrnmy, which helped them maintain an accurate 2 __________, and a cmplex 3 __________ that used signs t represent sunds and meanings. It can therefre be difficult t explain why, despite their excellent cnstructin skills, the Maya never learned t use 4 ______, while the ancient Chinese did. Facts such as these add t the mystery surrunding Maya civilizatin, driving peple t find ut why it 5 _______ while thers, such as Ancient China, survived and thrived.
【答案】
Step 5: Pst- reading
Think & share
Think back the cntent f the passage and answer the fllwing the questin.
1 What is the authr’s purpse in starting the passage with the stry abut William Gadury?
【答案】In rder t intrduce the tpic f the passage, the authr presents the stry shws hw the secrets f Ancient Maya civilizatin have captured peple’s imaginatin.
2 What lessns can yu learn frm the cllapse f Maya civilizatin? Hw can this infrmatin help the develpment f tday’s sciety?
【答案】Human beings shuld respect nature and nt vilate the law f its develpment.
Step 6: Language appreciatin
1. The fact that Maya sciety was technlgically primitive makes its achievements all the mre incredible and mysterius.
[句式分析] “that Maya sciety was technlgically primitive”是 that 引导的 同位语 从句，解释说明主名词the fact的具体内容，引导词that只起引导性作用，不在从句中充当任何成分。
[尝试翻译] 事实上，玛雅社会在技术上是原始的，这使得它的成就更加难以置信和神秘。
2. This is likely t have led t a series f drught, each lasting fr a cuple f years.
[句式分析] “each lasting fr a cuple f years”是由“代词+ 现在分词”构成的 独立主格 结构。 其中动词last 与逻辑主语each 构成 主动 语态关系，故使用 现在 分词。
[尝试翻译] 这可能导致了一系列的旱灾，每一次旱灾持续几年时间。
3. Meanwhile, the rise and fall f this civilizatin must als leaves us thinking abut ur wn past, present and future.
[句式分析] “leave + 宾语+ 宾语补足语”表示“ 使处于某种状态 ”，宾语补足语可以是现在分词、过去分词、不定式、形容词、名词或小品词（n/ff; up/ dwn; away/ in/ut）。
[尝试翻译]与此同时，这种文明的兴衰也必然让我们思考自己的过去、现在以及未来。
1 civilizatin
10 dwnfall
2 intrigue
11 ruin
3 bury
12 fall int ruin
4 pyramid
13 abandn
5 astrnmy
14 dismiss
6 canal
15 expansin
7 trpical
16 sphisticated
8 cyclne
17 thrived
9 mega-drught
18 cllapse
1
Natural phenmena mentined in the vide
2
The ancient peple’s explanatins
3
The mdern scientific explanatins
Picture 1
Atlantis
Picture 2
Nazca Lines
Picture 3
Tunguska event
Picture 4
black hle
Other unslved mysteries
a
Maya civilizatin has been surrunded by mystery since its rediscvery in the 19th century.
b
But the greatest mystery f all is what caused the Maya t abandn mst f their great cities.
c
Althugh his thery has been dismissed by schlars, it shws hw pwerful the secrets f Ancient Maya civilizatin are amng peple.
d
Research als suggests that thse natural disasters may have led t the decline f the Maya.
e
Meanwhile, the rise and fall f this civilizatin must als leave us thinking abut ur wn past, present and future.
f
Sme research seems t indicate that the Maya peple themselves may have played a part in their dwnfall.
Maya Civilizatin
Time arund 1800 BC t 1100 AD
Lcatin frm 1 Mexic t 2 Central America ;
Pssible reasns fr cllapse
1 human causes - reduced the ability t deal with 3 ________________________________;
4 _____________________________________; 5 __________________________________;
6 ____________________________________;
2 natural causes - a series f the 7 _________________________ between 700 AD and 1000 AD, each
8 _______________________________________.
1
Natural phenmena mentined in the vide
earthquakes; slar eclipse;
thunder and lightning; mirage
2
The ancient peple’s explanatins
Fr earthquakes: Native Americans believed earthquakes were caused by a struggle between the Thunder-bird and a whale. An Japanese belief was that earthquakes was caused by the mvements f a giant catfish that carried the wrld n its back.
Fr the slar eclipse: In many cultures, there were ancient beliefs that slar eclipses were caused by a creature eating the sun. In Vietnam, that creature was a giant frg. In Nrway, a wlf, and in China, it was a huge dg.
Fr thunder and lightning: In Medieval Eurpe, peple thught that supernatural frces caused it, which was a sign f bad times ahead. In Ancient China, peple believed that this was caused by the breath f a dragn
3
The mdern scientific explanatins
Scientists nw knw that earthquakes are caused by the mvement f tectnic plates.
In fact, slar eclipses happen when the Mn passes between Earth and the sun temprarily blcking the sun’s light.
Mdern science tells us that lightning is an electric charge mving between cluds and the earth. Thunder is a shck wave f sund caused by lightning.
These days, peple knw that a mirage happens when layers f air with varying temperatures caused light t bend.
Picture 1
Atlantis
A legendary city in the wrk f the Greek philspher Plat.
It had fabulusly wealthy and advanced civilizatin, swept int the sea t be lst frever.
Picture 2
Nazca Lines
A cllectin f giant gemetric patterns and animal shapes.
The landscapes was designated a UNESCO Wrld Heritage Site in 1994, but numerus studies and theries have nt explained the reasn why the lines were created.
Picture 3
Tunguska event
Enrmus explsin estimated t have ccurred at 7:14am plus r minus
ne minute n 30 June 1908, at an altitude f 5--10 km, flattering 2000 square km and charring ver 100 square km f pine frest near the Pdkamennaya Tunguska River in Russia.
Picture 4
black hle
A regin f space-time exhibiting gravitatinal acceleratin, which is s
Strng that nthing, nt even light, can escape frm it.
Other unslved mysteries
a
Maya civilizatin has been surrunded by mystery since its rediscvery in the 19th century.
b
But the greatest mystery f all is what caused the Maya t abandn mst f their great cities.
c
Althugh his thery has been dismissed by schlars, it shws hw pwerful the secrets f Ancient Maya civilizatin are amng peple.
d
Research als suggests that thse natural disasters may have led t the decline f the Maya.
e
Meanwhile, the rise and fall f this civilizatin must als leave us thinking abut ur wn past, present and future.
f
Sme research seems t indicate that the Maya peple themselves may have played a part in their dwnfall.
1--c
2--a
3--b
4--f
5--d
6--e
Maya Civilizatin
Time arund 1800 BC t 1100 AD
Lcatin frm 1 t 2 ;
Pssible reasns fr cllapse
1 human causes - reduced the ability t deal with 3 ________________________________;
4 _____________________________________; 5 __________________________________;
6 ____________________________________;
2 natural causes - a series f the 7 _________________________ between 700 AD and 1000 AD, each
8 _______________________________________.
1 Mexic
5 digging huge canal systems
2 Central America
6 ppulatin
3 natural disasters
7 drughts
4 turning wetlands int fields
8 lasting fr a cuple f years
1 mathematics
2 calendar
3 writing system
4 wheels, metal tls r animal pwer
5 disappeared