英语选择性必修 第三册Unit 3 Environmental Protection一课一练

这是一份英语选择性必修 第三册Unit 3 Environmental Protection一课一练，共8页。
（2019天津十二所重点中学联考二）
Tiny micrbes（微生物）are at the heart f a new agricultural technique t manage harmful greenhuse gas emissins. Scientists have discvered that micrbes can be used t turn carbn dixide int sil-enriching limestne（石灰岩）with the help f a type f tree that grws in trpical areas, such as West Africa.
Researchers have fund that when the irk tree is grwn in dry, acidic sil and treated with a cmbinatin f natural fungi（霉菌）and ther bacteria, nt nly des the tree grw well, it als prduces mineral limestne in the sil arund its rts.
The irk tree makes a mineral by cmbining calcium frm the earth with carbn dixide frm the atmsphere. Bacteria then create the cnditins under which this mineral turns int limestne. The discvery ffers a new way t lck carbn dixide int the sil, keeping it ut f the atmsphere. In additin t string carbn dixide in the trees’ leaves and in the frm f limestne, the mineral in the sil makes it mre suitable fr agriculture.
The discvery culd lead t refrestatin prjects in trpical cuntries, and help reduce carbn dixide emissins in the atmsphere in the develping wrld. It has already been used in West Africa and is being tested in Blivia, Haiti and India.
The findings were made in a three-year prject invlving researchers frm the University f Edinburgh, the University f Lausanne, Universidad de Granada and Delft University f Technlgy.
The prject examined several micrbilgical methds fr lcking carbn dixide as limestne, and the irk-bacteria way shwed the best results. Wrk was funded by the Eurpean Cmmissin under the Future Emerging Technlgies (FET) scheme.
Dr Bryne Ngwenya f the University f Edinburgh’s Schl f Gesciences, wh led the research, said, “By taking advantage f this natural limestne-prducing prcess, we have a lw-tech, safe and easily perating way t lck carbn dixide ut f the atmsphere, while imprving farming cnditins in trpical cuntries.”
1. The passage mainly intrduces ________.
A. sme useful natural fungi and bacteria
B. a new way t deal with greenhuse gas emissins
C. a newly fund tree in West Africa
D. the sil-enriching limestne created by scientists
2. Which f the fllwing is TRUE abut tiny micrbes?
A. Mst tiny micrbes like living in dry, acidic sil.
B. Carbn dixide can be brken dwn by natural fungi and bacteria.
C. The mre greenhuse gas is, the mre active tiny micrbes becme.
D. Tiny micrbes get alng well with the irk tree in special sil.
3. What des the underlined wrd “it” in Paragraph 3 prbably refer t?
A. Carbn dixide.
B. Carbn.
C. Sil.
D. Limestne.
4. Accrding t the passage, what can we infer?
A. The actin f the tiny micrbes can increase the OXY gen in the earth.
B. Researchers have dne the experiment n trees in Africa fr three years.
C. Researchers tend t use natural pwer t slve their prblems.
D. West Africa is ne f the mst plluted areas all ver the wrld.
5. Accrding t the passage, the irk-bacteria methd ________.
A. can be used t imprve the farming land
B. can save a lt f seriusly destryed wds
C. has been ppularized in Blivia, Haiti and India
D. shuld be spread all arund the wrld in the future
Ⅱ.七选五
主题语境：人与自然 难易度：★★ 语篇类型：说明文 建议用时：8
（2020山东实验中学高二检测）
The increasing envirnmental prblems and need fr ec-friendly prducts and services are creating a new jb sectin f green-cllar jbs. 1 It is expected that by 2025 abut 25% f the jbs in develped cuntries will be f green-cllar jbs. Desn’t the data lk prmising fr the future?
2 And jbs will pp up at every incme level, frm envirnmental manager t gardener. Fr example, many cuntries including the United States have understd that fssil fuels have negative effect n the envirnment which can later becme a serius danger t mankind. 3 The increasing demand fr new resurces has created the need fr experts and researchers wh can find better ways t deal with the nging needs. In additin, in rder t meet the increasing demand fr envirnment-friendly equipment, bth green prduct designers and educated and trained wrkers are needed. Management f envirnmental rganizatins als demands a large number f envirnmental managers.
4 The Internet is undubtedly the best way t find infrmatin n almst any matter. Nwadays, different kinds f jbs are being psted nline. Search thrugh a cuple f jb websites t lk fr a bright future in energy cnversin and recycling f waste management. Check regularly and find the right wrk fr yurself. 5
A. Where can yu find green-cllar jbs?
B. Peple wh take green careers will be well paid?
C. Frget the blue-cllar and white-cllar categries.
D. Green-cllar jbs have becme a bright career chance fr all.
E. Peple wh read newspapers can als find different kinds f green-cllar jbs.
F. As a result, pssibilities are being explred t find alternatives t satisfy demands in a better way.
G. Many cuntries f the wrld have realized the imprtance f and the need fr energy-saving prducts and services.
1. ________ 2. ________ 3. ________ 4. ________ 5. ________
Ⅲ读后续写
主题语境：人与自然 难易度：★★★ 语篇类型：记叙文 建议用时：20
（2019山东烟台高二八校联考）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
Jack and his wife Tnya were sailing arund Africa with their friends Max and Sasha. One day they saw a big fishing bat. It was mving fast.
“Hell!” they shuted. The men n the bat lked at them angrily. Max lked carefully at the bat.
“Smething is wrng with their fishing net,” he said. They gt nearer t the net.
“What’s that?” said Tnya. “There is smething in the net, It’s alive.”
Very slwly they mved nearer.
“I can see it nw,” said Tnya. “It’s a killer whale—it’s hurt. There’s bld in the water. Hw can we help it?”
“I can see it t. It’s a baby but we must be careful.” said Max.
Jack jumped int the water. “I can get the net ff its fin（鳍）, ” he said.
Jack gt the net ff the baby killer whale. There was a big cut n its fin. It swam away. Suddenly there were ther killer whales near the bat.
“Jack!” shuted Tnya. “Get n quickly.” Jack swam t the bat as fast as a fish. “That baby killer whale…I am ging t call it Lucky,” he said.
As they mved away, it began t rain harder and harder.
Jack said, “We must get away frm the wind. I can see a twn ver there. Let’s g.”
The twn gt nearer but the waves gt bigger. Suddenly a very big wave hit the bat. “Is everyne OK?” shuted Jack.
“Tnya? She’s nt in the bat,” said Sasha. “She’s in the water!”
They lked int the cld, dark water fr hurs. “Tnya! Say smething, Tnya! Where are yu?” shuted Max.
The wind gt strnger and the bat was full f water. Anther big wave hit the bat.
“Jack, d yu want us all t die?” said Max. “We can’t d any mre. Tnya is wearing a life jacket（救生衣）and she can swim very well. Let’s sail t the twn.”
Mments later the bat hit a beach. They gt ff. Max and Sasha slept n the beach. Jack sat near the water, lking at the sea and thinking abut Tnya.
Paragraph 1:
At that time, Tnya was five hundred meters away ut in the sea.
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Paragraph 2:
Jack was walking alng the beach and suddenly he
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参考答案：
Ⅰ.语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了科学家发现在伊罗科树的帮助下，微生物可以将二氧化碳转化为石灰岩，这种方法可以用来处理温室气体。
1.B【解析】主旨大意题。根据第一段首句可知，微生物是处理有害温室气体的农业新技术的核心，本文介绍的就是利用这种新技术处理温室气体的方法，故B项正确。
2.D【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，当伊罗科树生长在干燥、酸性的土壤中并经过天然真菌和其他细菌的组合处理后，它不仅生长良好，还会在根部周围的土壤中产生矿物质石灰岩。由此可知，在某种特殊的土壤中，伊罗科树能够和微生物相处得很好，故D项正确。
3.C【解析】词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句 In additin t strin carbn dixide in the trees’ leaves and in the frm f limestne, the mineral in the sil makes it mre suitable fr agriculture.可知，除了在树叶中和以石灰岩的形式储存二氧化碳外，土壤中的矿物质使土壤更适合农业生产。由此可知，it指代的就是前面提到的“土壤”，故C项正确。
4.C【解析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的 The prject examined several micrbilgical methds fr lcking carbn dixide as limestne，and the irk-bacteria way shwed the best results.可知，该项目研究了多种将二氧化碳锁定为石灰岩的微生物方法，其中伊罗科树与细菌结合的方法效果最好。再结合最后一段内容可知，研究人员倾向于使用自然力量来解决温室气体的问题，故C项正确。
5.A【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中 Dr Bryne Ngwenya的话可知，通过利用这种天然的石灰岩生产过程，“我们”有了一种不涉及高科技的、安全的、易于操作的方法来阻止二氧化碳进入大气，同时改善热带国家的农业条件。由此可知，这种方法能够用于改善耕地，故A项正确。D项干扰性较强，但文中并未提及这种技术将来应被普及到全世界，故该项不入选。
【高频词汇】1. mineral n.矿物；矿物质2. fund vt.为……提供资金；资助3. take advantage f利用
长难句分析
原句 Researchers have fund that when the irk tree is grwn in dry, acidic sil and treated with a cmbinatin f natural fungi（霉菌）and ther bacteria, nt nly des the tree grw well, it als prduces mineral limestne in the sil arund its rts.
句意 研究人员发现，当伊罗科树生长在干燥、酸性的土壤中并经过天然霉菌和其他细菌的组合处理后，它不仅生长良好，还会在根部周围的土壤中产生矿物质石灰岩。
分析 句中 fund后面是由that引导的宾语从句；宾语从句是一个主从复合句，when引导的是时间状语从句，而主句由 nt nly…but als…连接，省略了but；nt nly…but als…连接两个并列分句并且 nt nly前置时，nt nly后面的分句要部分倒装。
Ⅱ.语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了环保事业的未来是光明的，开发新的资源可能创造“绿领工作”。
1.G【解析】空前提到环保问题剧增及相关环保行业的兴起，空后提到预计到2025年发达国家大约有25%的工作将会是绿领工作，说明世界上已有很多国家意识到了节能的重要性，并认识到环保行业的必要性。此处体现的是顺承关系，故选G。prducts and services为线索。
2.D【解析】此空位于句首，属于段落主题句。本段通过列举一些工作机会说明了绿领工作有前途。D项符合文意，故选D。
3.F【解析】前面提到许多像美国一样的大国已经意识到化石燃料对环境有负面影响，后文提到对资源的需求。因此，这里应承上启下，说明由于上面的情况，人们正在探索可替代资源，故选F。
4.A【解析】后文讲述互联网无疑是最好的办法，几乎可以找到任何事的信息。因此前面应是问句，问在哪里可以找到这样的“绿领工作”。故选A。
5.E【解析】本段讲的是在哪里可以找到“绿领工作”，一方面可以在互联网上找，另一方面将要讲述的是经常看报的人也可找到各种“绿领工作”，故选E。
【高频词汇】1. increasing adj.与日俱增的2. prmising adj.有前途的3. undubtedly adv.毋庸置疑地4. alternative n.可供选择的事物
长难句分析
原句 The increasing envirnmental prblems and need fr ec-friendly prducts and services are creating a new jb sectin f green-cllar jbs句意与日俱增的环保问题以及对环保产品和服务的需求正在创造一个新的“绿领工作”岗位。
分析 该句的主语中心词是 prblems and need； fr ecfriendly prducts and services是定语，修饰need。
III. One pssible versin:
Paragraph 1:
At that time, Tnya was five hundred meters away ut in the sea. The waves were big and the wind was strng. Tnya was swimming with great difficulty when she heard smething. Ten meters in frnt was a killer whale with a big fin. It was making nises. Behind it was anther whale. And anther… “Killer whales eat peple. I’m ging t die,” thught Tnya. The killer whales came nearer and nearer. Tnya clsed her eyes. The next mment she was n the back f a killer whale. It mved twards the beach.
Paragraph 2:
Jack was walking alng the beach and suddenly he saw smething in the distance. He walked nearer. It was a wman. “Tnya?” he ran and shuted. “Is that yu?” cried Tnya. “Oh Jack! Yu’re OK!” Jack hugged Tnya tightly. He culdn’t speak! “Max and Sasha?” “OK,” answered Jack. “Hw lucky we are!” Tnya saw a small fin in the water. It mved slwly t the sea. “It’s waving gdbye,” thught Tnya. “Lucky. Yes, Lucky,” she said quietly t Jack.