专题10 主谓一致-2025年高考英语一轮复习语法知识必备（(知识点课件+精析精练)）

这是一份专题10 主谓一致-2025年高考英语一轮复习语法知识必备（(知识点课件+精析精练)），文件包含10主谓一致pptx、10主谓一致docx等2份课件配套教学资源，其中PPT共12页， 欢迎下载使用。
【要点归纳】1.语法一致原则主语的单复数决定了谓语动词的单复数。(1)动名词、动词不定式、从句、不定代词作主语时,谓语动词常用单数。Serving the peple is my great happiness.Whether we’ll g depends n the weather.
【特别提示】what引导的从句作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数形式,但如果从句表示复数意义,则谓语动词用复数形式。What lies at the rt f his trubles is a sense f insecurity. What the schl needs are qualified teachers.(2)主语后有with, tgether with, alng with, except, besides, as well as等加名词或代词构成短语时,谓语动词的数要与前面的主语保持一致。(2019·天津高考)Amy, as well as her brthers, was given a warm welcme when returning t the village last week.
(3)and, 连接两个不同的主语时,谓语动词用复数形式;但是如果由and连接的两个名词表示同一个人或物,谓语动词用单数形式。Bth yu and I are students.The singer and dancer is said t perfrm in ur schl n May Day. (4)定语从句中关系代词作主语时,从句中的谓语动词要与先行词保持一致。He is ne f the men wh were chsen t represent the grup.He is the nly ne f thse bys wh is willing t take n anther assignment.
2.意义一致原则意义一致原则指不管主语的形式是单数还是复数,主语的意义决定了谓语动词的单复数。(1)集体名词作主语时,若被看作一个整体,谓语动词用单数形式;若被看作构成集体的一个个成员,谓语动词用复数形式。常见的集体名词有family, class, team, grup, public, cmmittee, gvernment, audience等。His audience cnsists mainly f yung peple. The audience were clapping fr ver ten minutes.
(2)“分数/百分数/the majrity+f+名词”作主语时,谓语动词的单复数取决于f后名词的数以及其表示的意义;all, sme, half, mst, the rest等作主语时,谓语动词的单复数取决于主语实际表达的意义。Tw-thirds f the peple present are against the plan.The majrity f the damage is easy t repair.(3)“the+形容词”表示一类人,在句中作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。The ld are mre likely t catch a cld than the yung. (4)表示时间、距离、重量、金额等的复数名词作主语时,谓语动词通常用单数形式。Fur thusand dllars is quite a lt f mney fr a by.
3.就近一致原则就近一致原则指谓语动词的单复数形式取决于离它最近的主语的单复数。(1)由r, , , nt nly... but als...,nt... but...等连接的词语作主语,谓语动词的数常与最近的主语保持一致。Either yu r Paul is respnsible fr this thing.Nt nly yu but als yur sister is lvely.(2)由there, here引出的主语不止一个时,谓语动词的数通常和最邻近的主语保持一致。There are twenty by students and twenty-three girl students in the class.Here is a pen, a few envelpes and sme paper fr yu.
【要点巩固】①(2024·广东模拟) Using psychlgical decnstructin techniques t reflect the characters’ inner spiritual wrld, it _________________________(favr) by audiences fr bringing bth artistic pleasure and inspiratin. ②(2024·北京海淀模拟) A shared eclgical farm in Beijing is a typical example, which _______(cme) with shared vegetable plts, barbecue pits, and leisure areas.③(2024·平许济洛模拟) Fr example, Lusail Stadium, the main venue fr this year’s Wrld Cup, ________________(cnstruct) jintly by Qatar and the China Railway Cnstructin Crpratin last year. 
has been favred/is favred
was cnstructed
④(2022·全国甲卷阅读C改编) Ever since her childhd, Ginni, nw 71, _________(have) a deep lve fr travel. ⑤(2024·沧州模拟) They ____________________(call) French fries because the cmmn language in the Belgian army at that time was French. 
were called/are called
【特别提示】语法填空题动词的时态、语态考法1.明晰高考考查类型动词的时态和语态题, 大致可分为以下三种类型: 一是题干中提供时间状语, 考生可直接根据所给的时间状语得出答案。二是提供的时间状语有较强的干扰性和迷惑性, 考生不能直接据此进行答题。三是题干中不提供任何时间状语, 而是给出一个上下文情景或一个结构较为复杂的句子, 考生必须仔细分析语境, 才能得出最佳答案。
2.掌握独特的时间状语标志(1)看到always, ften, seldm, smetimes, usually 等要想到用一般现在时;(2)看到yesterday, last night, a few days ag, the ther day等要想到用一般过去时;(3)看到since, s far, up t nw, in the last/past few years等要想到用现在完成时。注意: 如果题干中没有时间标志词, 而是有两个或两个以上的谓语动词, 这时我们应该将动词动作发生的时间进行比较, 依据动作发生的时间先后, 确定正确的时态。