北京市怀柔区第一中学2024—2025学年高二上学期期中英语试题（解析版）

这是一份北京市怀柔区第一中学2024—2025学年高二上学期期中英语试题（解析版），共20页。试卷主要包含了11，5分, 共15分， A等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2024.11
(考试时间: 90分钟 分值: 100分)
一. 完形填空(共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 共15分.)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Earlier in the day, I had prepared fr the unlikely event f a fld. It had been raining heavily that week, and authrities had issued a fld warning, thugh nt fr where I was. ____1____, I’d placed sandbags utside my garden dr just in case.
As I was abut t fall asleep in my basement bedrm, I suddenly heard the sund f rushing water. When I swung my legs ff the bed, I was ____2____ by the sensatin f cld water tuching my knees and rising fast.
Shaking in the darkness, I grabbed my phne and turned n the ____3____. As I stepped ut f my bedrm, water was shting thrugh the gaps f the garden dr. The water must have gne ver the sandbags. All arund me, my things began t flat (漂) and the water was nw up t my waist. I began t ____4____ and started t walk t my nly ____5____: the dr that leads upstairs.
I struggled t the dr and tried t pull it pen, but the frce f the ____6____ wuldn’t let me d s. I lked arund and grabbed a brm (扫帚) flating behind me t pen the dr. I managed t make a gap f abut a ft, just wide enugh t ____7____ myself thrugh.
Finally, I ____8____ utside. I came s clse t death that day. But rather than trapped in that, I prefer t ____9____ what my mther tld me afterward: “Dn’t remember the day when yu lst everything. Remember the day yu _____10_____.”
1 A. InsteadB. StillC. MeanwhileD. Therefre
2. A. amusedB. mvedC. shckedD. cnfused
3. A. radiB. heaterC. recrderD. flashlight
4. A. panicB. exciteC. swimD. return
5. A. trapB. escapeC. shelterD. entrance
6. A. airB. sandC. windD. water
7. A. wetB. checkC. frceD. live
8. A. made itB. frgt itC. beat itD. left it
9. A. rewardB. refuseC. recallD. recreate
10. A. survivedB. changedC. startedD. recvered
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D 4. A 5. B 6. D 7. C 8. A 9. C 10. A
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了作者成功从洪水中逃脱的故事。
【1题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：不过，我还是在花园门外放了沙袋以防万一。A. Instead相反；B. Still不过；C. Meanwhile同时；D. Therefre因此。根据“and authrities had issued a fld warning, thugh nt fr where I was.”及“just in case”可知，作者认为洪水不会到自己居住的地方，不过还是准备了沙袋以防万一。故选B项。
【2题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我把腿从床上甩下来时，我被冷水触碰到膝盖并迅速上升的感觉吓了一跳。A. amused逗乐；B. mved使感动；C. shcked使震惊；D. cnfused使困惑。根据“by the sensatin f cld water tuching my knees and rising fast.”可知，水上升得很快，与原来作者以为的情况不相同，所以被惊到了。故选C项。
【3题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我在黑暗中颤抖着，抓起手机，打开手电筒。A. radi收音机；B. heater加热器；C. recrder录音机；D. flashlight手电筒。根据“Shaking in the darkness, I grabbed my phne and turned n”可知，手机有手电筒，可以在黑暗中照亮。故选D项。
【4题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我开始惊慌失措，开始走向我唯一的逃生之路：通往楼上的门。A. panic恐慌；B. excite使激动；C. swim游泳；D. return返回。根据“All arund me, my things began t flat (漂) and the water was nw up t my waist.”可知，洪水开始漫延到了作者的腰间，作者开始恐慌了。故选A项。
【5题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. trap陷阱；B. escape逃脱；C. shelter庇护所；D. entrance入口。根据“started t walk t my nly”及“the dr that leads upstairs.”可知，水向下流，作者要向上跑，这是逃生之路。故选B项。
【6题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我挣扎着走到门边，想把它拉开，但水的力量不让我这么做。A. air空气；B. sand沙子；C. wind风；D. water水。根据“grabbed a brm (扫帚) flating behind me t pen the dr”可知，扫帚在水上漂浮，说明水位很高，水的力量阻挡作者打开门。故选D项。
【7题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我设法开了一个大约一英尺的缺口，刚好够我自己挤过去。A. wet弄湿；B. check检查；C. frce强迫，强行移动，用力；D. live居住。根据“I managed t make a gap f abut a ft”可知，作者成功开了一个缝隙，强迫自己挤过去。故选C项。
【8题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：最后，我跑到了外面。A. made it成功；B. frgt it算了吧；C. beat it走开，离开；D. left it别管它。根据“Finally, I ____8____ utside.”可知，作者最终逃到了外面。make it为固定短语，意思为：成功做成某事、成功到达某地。故选A项。
【9题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但与其陷入这样的困境，我更愿意回忆起母亲后来告诉我的话：“不要记得你失去一切的那一天。记住你活下来的那一天。”A. reward奖励；B. refuse拒绝；C. recall想起，回忆；D. recreate再创造。根据“Dn’t remember the day when yu lst everything. Remember the day yu ____10____.”可知，作者想起母亲事后告诉自己的话。故选C项。
【10题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. survived幸存；B. changed改变；C. started开始；D. recvered恢复。根据前文“I came s clse t death that day.”可知，作者那天差点没命，但是幸存下来，所以母亲告诉作者，要记住那一天。故选A项。
二. 语法填空(共10小题, 每小题1.5分,共15分.)
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
The wrld will bserve Internatinal Museum Dayn May 18th. Since 1977, this day_____11_____(celebrate) by the Internatinal Cuncil f Museums annually t raise awareness f the rle that museums play in the develpment f sciety. The day is an excellent way f_____12_____(get) mre f the yunger generatins interested in the histry and culture available in museums. Every year, the rganizatin_____13_____(decide) n a new theme. And the theme fr 2023 is Museums, Sustainability and Well-being.
【答案】11. has been celebrated
12. getting
13. decides
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是国际博物馆日。
【11题详解】
考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：自1977年以来，国际博物馆理事会每年都会庆祝这一天，以提高人们对博物馆在社会发展中所起作用的认识。由Since 1977可知，句子时态用现在完成时，由by可知，句子用被动语态，因此空格处是现在完成时的被动语态，即have/has been dne，主语this day是单数，因此空格处是has been celebrated，故填has been celebrated。
【12题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这一天是让更多的年轻一代对博物馆的历史和文化感兴趣的好方法。f是介词，其后跟动名词作宾语，故填getting。
【13题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：每年，该组织都会决定一个新的主题。由Every year可知，句子时态用一般现在时，主语rganizatin是单数，因此空格处用第三人称单数，故填decides。
B
阅读下列短文, 根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词, 在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Smartphnes are becming mre and mre f a necessity fr high schl students.
Therefre, a discussin was held abut ___14___ the senir schl students shuld use smartphnes at schl. Peple ____15____ (supprt) the idea cnsider it cnvenient t cntact the students’ parents when necessary. Hwever, peple wh are against it find sme students are addicted t playing the smartphnes easily, whse effect n their studies is quite wrrying. It is even _____16_____ (bad) that smartphnes can als discurage students’ will.
【答案】14. whether
15. supprting
16. wrse
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。上周学校就高中生是否应该在学校使用我们的智能手机举办了一次讨论会，文章描述了讨论的结果。
【14题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：因此，就高中生是否应该在学校使用智能手机进行了讨论。空格处引导的是宾语从句，根据语境可知，句子表示“就高中生是否应该在学校使用智能手机进行了讨论”，空格处意为“是否”，abut是介词，只能用whether引导从句。故填whether。
【15题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：支持这一想法的人认为在必要时联系学生家长很方便。句中谓语是cnsider，空格处用非谓语动词，Peple和supprt之间是主谓关系，因此空格处用现在分词表主动，故填supprting。
【16题详解】
考查比较级。句意：更糟糕的是，智能手机也会打击学生的意志。even修饰比较级，bad的比较级是wrse，故填wrse。
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Reading is a unique human experience. Just by skimming ur eyes ver sme wrds, we can_____17_____(mental) travel acrss time and space.
But reading can als be hard, especially when we’re faced with a difficult text.____18____(make) it an easier, mre rewarding experience, yu’d better read in print whenever pssible. One reasn fr ding s is that ur eyes are less likely t skim past printed wrds than thse_____19_____screen. Plus, cnsuming cntent n a physical page helps the brain make a mental map f the infrmatin,_____20_____in turn makes it easier t remember details in future.
【答案】17. mentally
18. T make
19. n 20. which
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。阅读是一种独特的人类体验。阅读时，我们应该尽可能地阅读纸质书。
【17题详解】
考查副词。句意：只要我们的眼睛掠过一些单词，我们就可以在精神上穿越时空。根据句意和所给形容词mental分析句子可知，空格处应该填入mental的副词形式mentally作状语，修饰谓语动词。故填mentally。
【18题详解】
考查不定式。句意：为了让阅读变得更容易、更有意义，你最好尽可能地阅读纸质书。根据句意和所给动词make分析句子可知，空格处应该填入不定式t make作目的状语。故填T make。
【19题详解】
考查介词。句意：这样做的一个原因是，与屏幕上的单词相比，我们的眼睛更不太可能跳过印刷的单词。根据句意和空格后的名词screen可知，空格处应该填入介词n和名词screen搭配，n screen（在屏幕上）。故填n。
【20题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：此外，在实体页面上浏览内容有助于大脑对信息进行心理映射，这反过来又使其更容易在未来记住细节。根据句意分析句子可知， in turn makes it easier t remember details in future.是一个非限制性定语从句，该定语从句缺少主语，所以空格处应该填入一个关系代词，代替前面句子的内容在从句中作主语，所以，应该用关系代词which。故填which。
三. 阅读理解(共14小题，每小题2分，共28分.)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Grand Canyn Natinal Park
Lcated in nrthern Arizna, the park cvers 277 miles f the Clrad River and nearby uplands. One f the mst awesme examples f ersin (侵蚀) in the wrld, Grand Canyn is unmatched in the incmparable view it ffers t visitrs.
Park Openings and Clsings
The Village and Desert View n the Suth Rim are pen all year and park entrances remain pen 24 hurs a day. Nrth Rim facilities pen mid-May and clse mid-Octber. Park entrances remain pen 24 hurs a day during this time. Hurs fr visitr centers and businesses vary thrughut the year.
Park Infrmatin
The park prduces a Pcket Map with a Nrth Rim and Suth Rim editin that cntains a map and infrmatin abut services, facilities, and park ranger prgrams. It is available in French, German, Italian, Spanish, and Chinese. A hiking brchure is available fr thse planning t hike ne f the park’s main trails dwn int Grand Canyn. Obtain publicatins at entrance statins, visitr centers, r
Accessibility
The terrain (地形) is rugged with narrw, rcky trails and steep cliffs. Visitrs using wheelchairs r having visual disabilities may need assistance. Fr mre infrmatin abut accessibility in Grand Canyn Natinal Park, see
Park Entrance Fees
Admissin t the park us $35 per private vehicle; $30 per mtrcycle; and $20 per persn entering the park thrugh Grand Canyn Railway, park shuttle bus, walking, r riding a bicycle. The pass can be used fr seven days and includes bth rims. Pay fees at park entrance statins r at sme businesses utside the park. Every year the Natinal Park Service ffers entrance fee free days. Fr cmplete fee infrmatin, please
Sustainability
Grand Canyn Natinal Park invlves sustainability in all aspects f its peratins. Use yur refillable water bttle t fill up n free Grand Canyn spring water at visitr centers and grcery stres. Recycling cntainers are cnveniently lcated and as cmmn as trash bins. Discver what else yu can d t prtect the envirnment while traveling here and beynd. at
21. Peple with physical disabilities can find detailed infrmatin n park facilities designed fr them by visiting_________.
A. B.
C. D.
22. What is the admissin fee if yu and yur parents plan t g n a six-day vacatin t Grand Canyn Natinal Park by driving a car?
A. $95.B. $60.C. $35.D. $70.
23. Which f the fllwing statements is true accrding t the passage?
A. Visitrs have year-rund access t every crner f the natinal park.
B. Hikers wh can nly speak Chinese cannt explre the Nrth Rim withut a guide.
C. Visitrs are frbidden t leave any trash in the Natinal Park t maintain sustainability.
D. The Grand Canyn features is ne f the wrld’s mst visually breathtaking landscapes.
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了Grand Canyn Natinal Park的相关信息，包括公园的位置、覆盖范围、公园的开放和关闭时间、公园的信息、可达性、入园费用以及可持续性等方面。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章“Accessibility”部分中的“The terrain(地形) is rugged with narrw, rcky trails and steep cliffs. Visitrs using wheelchairs r having visual disabilities may need assistance. Fr mre infrmatin abut accessibility in Grand Canyn Natinal Park, see (地形崎岖，有狭窄的岩石小径和陡峭的悬崖。使用轮椅或有视力障碍的访客可能需要帮助。欲了解大峡谷国家公园的更多信息，请访问。)”可知，残障人士可以访问了解为他们设计的公园设施的详细信息。故选A。
【22题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章“Park Entrance Fees”部分中的“Admissin t the park us $35 per private vehicle; $30 per mtrcycle; and $20 per persn entering the park thrugh Grand Canyn Railway, park shuttle bus, walking, r riding a bicycle. The pass can be used fr seven days and includes bth rims. (每辆私家车入园门票35美元；每辆摩托车30元；通过大峡谷铁路、公园班车、步行或骑自行车进入公园每人20美元。该通行证可使用7天，包括两个轮辋。)”可知，每辆私家车入园门票35美元，且通行证可使用7天。由此可知，如果你和你的父母计划开车去大峡谷国家公园度假6天，那么费用应为35美元。故选C。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Lcated in nrthern Arizna, the park cvers 277 miles f the Clrad River and nearby uplands. One f the mst awesme examples f ersin (侵蚀) in the wrld, Grand Canyn is unmatched in the incmparable view it ffers t visitrs. (该公园位于亚利桑那州北部，覆盖了277英里的科罗拉多河和附近的高地。大峡谷是世界上最令人敬畏的侵蚀范例之一，它为游客提供了无与伦比的景色。)”可知，大峡谷的风景是世界上最令人叹为观止的风景之一。故选D。
B
I was brn missing my left arm. In 1986 at 18 mnths, I was fitted with a prsthetic (义肢) device, a decisin made by my parents and dctrs s that I wuld develp “nrmally”.
I spent my entire childhd and adlescence trying t fit in. I did just abut anything t ease the pains f the stares and pinting fingers frm my classmates. By the time I was 8, I had n self-cnfidence, and the hand I was wearing was making it harder fr me t fit in. S I decided I was better ff withut ne. I didn’t need anyne t fix me.
T prve that I wasn’t limited by my disability, I develped a lve fr all sprts, in particular swimming. I was selected t my first Australian wmen’s swimming team at age 13 and successfully represented my cuntry fr eight years. I realized I’d made a name fr myself because f my disability.
I taught myself hw t be cmfrtable in a sciety filled with insecurities. S when I was first cntacted in 2021 by Cvvi, a cmpany trying t create the wrld’s mst advanced binic (仿生的) hand, I was a bit surprised. They asked me t trial the hand and, if pssible, t becme a patient advcate. Initially, I said n. Then, curisity gt the better f me.
While I was busy advcating fr disability rights, a new generatin f leaders, like Amy Purdy and Nick Vujicic, used the pwer f technlgy and scial media t display wheelchairs r artificial limbs withut explanatin. Peple feared disability less. Sciety was beginning t see a persn first, and their disability secnd.
Viewing disability thrugh a scial lens als meant acknwledging that a persn is mre disabled by their envirnment and the discriminatin f thers than by their actual disability. As thse cnversatins shifted, I realized that there was an pprtunity t use technlgy t steer the narrative fr future generatins. In July 2022, I decided t trial the hand.
The rle f patient advcate is an enrmus privilege. Thrugh sharing my jurney, I’m able t reach thusands f ther peple wh wuld benefit frm its extrardinary capabilities. That’s why I wear a binic hand—nt because I’m brken, but because I have an pprtunity t enhance the human capabilities that already exist.
24. The authr develped a lve fr all sprts because ________.
A. she was lnging fr fameB. sprts gave her self-cnfidence
C. she wanted t defeat her disabilityD. her prsthetic device empwered her
25. Frm Purdy and Vujicic, the authr learned ________.
A. mre peple acknwledged their limits
B. the disabled needed a friendlier envirnment
C. scial media allwed the disabled pprtunities
D. technlgy shifted peple’s attitudes t disability
26. Which f the fllwing wrds can best describe the authr?
A. Intelligent and brave.
B. Warm-hearted and patient.
C. Respnsible and strng-willed.
D. Independent and innvative.
27. Frm the passage, we learn that ne shuld ________.
A. maximize ne’s abilities by embracing reality
B. build ne’s scial circle with ptimism
C. stick t ne’s gal t achieve success
D. take it easy in difficult situatins
【答案】24. C 25. D 26. C 27. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者从小身患残疾，失去左臂，但是并不气馁，参加运动证明自己并不受到残疾的限制并帮助他人的故事。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“T prve that I wasn’t limited by my disability, I develped a lve fr all sprts, in particular swimming. (为了证明我没有受到残疾的限制，我开始热爱所有的运动，尤其是游泳。)”可知，作者爱上了所有的运动，因为她想战胜自己的残疾。故选C。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第五段“like Amy Purdy and Nick Vujicic, used the pwer f technlgy and scial media t display wheelchairs r artificial limbs withut explanatin. Peple feared disability less. Sciety was beginning t see a persn first, and their disability secnd.(比如艾米·珀迪（Amy Purdy）和尼克·胡哲（Nick Vujicic），他们利用科技和社交媒体的力量，不加解释地展示了轮椅或假肢。人们不再那么害怕残疾。社会开始把一个人放在第一位，把他的残疾放在第二位。)”可知，人们不再那么害怕残疾。社会开始把一个人放在第一位，把他的残疾放在第二位，即科技改变了人们对残疾的态度。故选D。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“T prve that I wasn’t limited by my disability, I develped a lve fr all sprts, in particular swimming. (为了证明我没有受到残疾的限制，我开始热爱所有的运动，尤其是游泳。)”可知，作者意志坚定，想通过运动战胜自己的残疾；根据文章最后一段“Thrugh sharing my jurney, I’m able t reach thusands f ther peple wh wuld benefit frm its extrardinary capabilities. That’s why I wear a binic hand—nt because I’m brken, but because I have an pprtunity t enhance the human capabilities that already exist.(通过分享我的历程，我能够接触到成千上万的其他人，他们将从它的非凡能力中受益)”可知，作者分享自己的历程是想帮助他人，让他人从中受益，作者是一名有责任心的人。故选C。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Thrugh sharing my jurney, I’m able t reach thusands f ther peple wh wuld benefit frm its extrardinary capabilities. That’s why I wear a binic hand—nt because I’m brken, but because I have an pprtunity t enhance the human capabilities that already exist.(通过分享我的历程，我能够接触到成千上万的其他人，他们将从它的非凡能力中受益。这就是我戴仿生手的原因不是因为我坏了，而是因为我有机会增强人类已有的能力。)”可知，作者戴仿生手的原因是为了增强人类已有的能力，即我们应该拥抱现实，最大限度地发挥自己的能力。故选A。
C
brccli
When served cauliflwer r brccli, sme kids turn away in annyance. Dn’t blame them—a new study suggests specific enzymes (酶) in saliva (唾液) might make these vegetables taste terrible t sme children.
These enzymes, called cysteine lyases, are prduced by bacteria in the muth.
The same enzymes are als lcked away in the cells f Brassica vegetables like brccli and cauliflwer. When we chew brccli, these enzymes spill ut f their strage cntainers while thse in ur muth start t wrk.
These enzymes break dwn a cmpund (化合物) called S-methyl-L-cysteine sulfxide (SMCSO) in these vegetables, and this breakdwn prcess transfrms the cmpund int sharp smell mlecules (分子). Previus studies f adults suggest the level f cysteine lyase activity in a persn’s saliva determines hw much the SMCSO breaks dwn. This, in turn, influences hw these vegetables taste t adults.
Accrding t these past studies, when different adults cnsume brccli, there can be a huge difference in hw many unpleasant smells the fd lets ff as their saliva-brne enzymes break it t bits. But the authrs wndered whether the same difference can be seen in kids, wh are usually mre sensitive t bitter and sur tastes. They suspected that kids whse saliva prduced the mst smelly, SMCSO-surced cmpunds wuld shw the strngest dislike fr brccli.
And the team’s new study prved their assumptin. While bth adults’ and kids’ saliva prduced smelly cmpunds when expsed t cauliflwer, these smells did nt influence whether adults liked the vegetable. On the ther hand, kids whse saliva prduced high cncentratins f these smells reprted hating cauliflwer the mst.
The new study included 98 pairs f parents and children aged 6 t 8. After taking samples f each participant’s saliva, the scientists mixed it int raw cauliflwer pwder. They measured the SMCSO-surced smell cmpunds let ff and fund each participant’s saliva generated a different quantity f smells.
Interestingly, the degree f sickly smell prductin was similar between parents’ saliva and their children’s. This indicates that parents and kids likely carry similar bacteria in their muths, which wuld cause them t prduce similar levels f cysteine lyases.
Our senses f taste and smell are strngest in yuth, which may make kids even mre sensitive t these differences in flavr. The same preference pattern is nt seen in adults, wh als prduce plenty f bad smells. This suggests that the adults came t tlerate the taste f Brassica vegetables. The findings agree with past studies f hw ur tastes change ver time: we can learn t vercme ur distaste fr certain fd by eating it mre.
28. What are the first tw paragraphs mainly abut?
A. The functin f muth bacteria.
B. The cause f an unpleasant flavr.
C. The feature f Brassica vegetables.
D. The frm f enzymes in ur muth.
29. What d previus studies indicate?
A. SMCSO-breakdwn depends n varius enzymes.
B. Enzymes determine the taste f Brassica vegetables.
C. Individuals release varying amunts f smell mlecules.
D. Kids prducing the mst smells hate brccli particularly.
30. What can we cnclude frm the passage?
A. We might accept sme fds thrugh repeated expsure.
B. The level f smells may affect an adult’s taste preference.
C. Parents’ and their kids’ saliva-brne enzymes dn’t match.
D. Kids’ saliva culd prduce higher cncentratins f smells.
31. Why des the authr write the passage?
A. T explain a fd preference.
B. T intrduce a research methd.
C. T illustrate a bilgical prcess.
D. T shw the discvery f an enzyme.
【答案】28. B 29. B 30. A 31. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人们之所以在吃到西兰花的时候觉得难吃是因为口腔唾液中的一种特定的酶。
【28题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一、第二段“When served cauliflwer r brccli, sme kids turn away in annyance. Dn’t blame them—a new study suggests specific enzymes(酶) in saliva(唾液) might make these vegetables taste terrible t sme children. These enzymes, called cysteine lyases, are prduced by bacteria in the muth.(当端上花椰菜或西兰花时，一些孩子会厌烦地转身离开。不要责怪他们，一项新的研究表明，唾液中的特定酶可能会让一些孩子觉得这些蔬菜很难吃。这些酶被称为半胱氨酸裂解酶，是由口腔中的细菌产生的。)”可知，这两段主要解释了为什么吃西兰花的时候会觉得难吃，也就是解释了难闻的味道的起因。故选B。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“These enzymes break dwn a cmpund(化合物) called S-methyl-L-cysteine sulfxide (SMCSO) in these vegetables, and this breakdwn prcess transfrms the cmpund int sharp smell mlecules(分子). Previus studies f adults suggest the level f cysteine lyase activity in a persn’s saliva determines hw much the SMCSO breaks dwn. This, in turn, influences hw these vegetables taste t adults.(这些酶在这些蔬菜中分解一种叫做SMCSO的化合物，这个分解过程将这种化合物转化为有强烈气味的分子。先前对成年人的研究表明，人唾液中半胱氨酸裂解酶的活性水平决定了SMCSO的分解程度。这反过来又影响了这些蔬菜对成年人而言尝起来的味道。)”可知，这些酶决定了西兰花的味道。故选B。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“The findings agree with past studies f hw ur tastes change ver time: we can learn t vercme ur distaste fr certain fd by eating it mre(这些发现与过去关于我们的口味如何随时间变化的研究一致：我们可以通过多吃来克服对某种食物的厌恶。)”可知，通过不断地接触，我们可以接受某种不太喜欢的事物。故选A。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“When served cauliflwer r brccli, sme kids turn away in annyance. Dn’t blame them—a new study suggests specific enzymes(酶) in saliva(唾液) might make these vegetables taste terrible t sme children. (当端上花椰菜或西兰花时，一些孩子会厌烦地转身离开。不要责怪他们，一项新的研究表明，唾液中的特定酶可能会让一些孩子觉得这些蔬菜很难吃。)”可推断，作者写这篇文章主要介绍了一个新的研究发现。故选D。
D
If yu had the pprtunity t live frever, wuld yu take it? Keeping yur bdy alive indefinitely still seems like an impssibility, but sme scientists think that digital technlgy may have the answer: creating a digital cpy f yur “self” and keeping it “alive” nline lng after yur physical bdy has ceased t functin.
In effect, the prpsal is t clne a persn electrnically. Unlike the familiar physical clnes — children that have identical features as their parents, but that are cmpletely separate rganisms with a separate life — yur electrnic clne wuld believe itself t be yu. Hw might this be pssible? The first step wuld be t map the brain.

Hw? One plan relies n the develpment f nantechnlgy (纳米技术). Ray Kurzweil — ne f the kings f artificial intelligence — predicts that within tw r three decades we will have nan transmitters that can be put int the bldstream. In the capillaries (毛细血管) f the brain, they wuld line up alngside the neurns and detect the details f the cerebral (大脑的) electrnic activity. They wuld be able t send that infrmatin t a receiver inside a special helmet, s there wuld be n need fr any wires sticking ut f the head.
As a further step, Ray Kurzweil als imagines the nan transmitters being able t cnnect yu t a wrld f virtual reality n the Internet, similar t what was shwn in the film “Matrix”. With the nan transmitters in place, by thught alne, yu culd lg n t the Internet and instead f the pictures cming up n yur screen, they wuld play inside yur mind. Rather than send yur friends e-mails yu wuld agree t meet up n sme virtual trpical beach.
Sme peple believe that they can enjy life after death. But why wait fr that when yu culd have a sht f nanbts (纳米机器人) and uplad yur brain nt the Internet and live frever as a virtual surfer?
One snag: t exist n the net yu will have t have yur neural netwrk parked n the cmputer f a web-hsting cmpany. These cmpanies want real mney in real bank accunts every year r they will wipe yur bit f the hard disc and sell the space t smene else. With yur bdy six feet undergrund hw will yu pay?
32. Which f the fllwing statements is TRUE accrding t the passage?
A. Nan transmitters can help map the human brain.
B. Electrnic clnes recreate the riginal human bdy.
C. Electrnic clnes may put their physical selves int mvies.
D. Nan transmitters use a helmet t detect the cerebral activities.
33. What is the authr’s attitude twards electrnic clnes?
A. Optimistic and careful.B. Interested and uncnvinced.
C. Excited and cnfused.D. Assured and critical.
34. The authr asks “hw will yu pay?” at the end f the article, because ________.
A. yu can’t pay t exist n the Internet if yu are physically dead
B. yu can’t pay fr hard disc space if yu dn’t have a bank accunt
C. yu can’t pay fr a special service if t many peple want t use it
D. yu can’t pay the web-hsting cmpany if yu dn’t have a neural netwrk
【答案】32 A 33. B 34. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了数字天堂——无限期地保持身体存活的障碍似乎仍然不可逾越，但一些科学家认为，数字技术开辟了另一种可能性：创建“自我”的数字副本，可在肉体丧失功能后依然长久保持“活着”的在线状态。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The first step wuld be t map the brain.(第一步是绘制大脑图)”及第三段中的“Hw? One plan relies n the develpment f nantechnlgy (纳米技术). Ray Kurzweil — ne f the kings f artificial intelligence — predicts that within tw r three decades we will have nan transmitters that can be put int the bldstream.(如何绘制大脑图？该计划取决于纳米技术的发展。人工智能的预言家之一雷·科兹韦尔预测——在二三十年内，我们将拥有可以注入血液的纳米传导器)”可知，纳米传导器可以帮助绘制人类大脑图。故选A。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Sme peple believe that they can enjy life after death. But why wait fr that when yu culd have a sht f nanbts (纳米机器人) and uplad yur brain nt the Internet and live frever as a virtual surfer? (但是，当你可以有一张纳米机器人的照片，把你的大脑上传到互联网上，并作为一个虚拟的冲浪者永远活着的时候，为什么还要等待呢？)”可推知，作者对电子克隆是感兴趣的；根据最后一段中的“With yur bdy six feet undergrund hw will yu pay?(你的身体埋在地下六英尺，你要怎么付钱？)”可知，作者对这项技术还存在着疑惑。故选B。
【34题详解】
词句猜测题。根据最后一段中的“These cmpanies want real mney in real bank accunts every year r they will wipe yur bit f the hard disc and sell the space t smene else. With yur bdy six feet undergrund hw will yu pay?(这些公司每年都想从每一个真实的银行账户里赚到真钱，否则他们会清除你的硬盘，把空间卖给别人。你的身体埋在地下六英尺，你要怎么付钱？)”可知，作者问“你将如何支付？”，是因为如果你已经死了，你就不能花钱在互联网上生存。故选A。
四. 七选五 (共5小题; 每小题2分，共10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Physicist and Nbel Prize winner Richard Feynman develped a clever learning methd knwn as the Feynman Technique. It invlves explaining what yu're learning t thers. By teaching what yu’ve learned frm memry, yu engage in active recall. ____35____ It als ensures that yu understand the tpic, because yu can nly explain an idea if yu truly understand it. The technique cnsists f fur repeatable steps.
T begin, chse a cncept r tpic yu wish t fully understand. ___36___ The mre interested yu are, the faster yu’ll grasp it. Mrever, a persnally interesting tpic will keep yu mtivated and engaged.
___37___ Write ntes and explain it in a way that makes sense t a five-year-ld. If yu’d rather avid actually teaching smene, yu can just teach it t an imaginary audience. But it wrks much better if yu use a real persn. They’ll be able t let yu knw when smething isn’t clear.
While teaching yu may discver gaps in yur understanding. ____38____ Review yur ntes, reread bks, r seek external help t ensure yu have a cmplete understanding f the cntext befre mving frward.
Nw that yu fully grasp the cncept, test yur understanding by trying t teach it t anther persn. This will help yu identify any remaining areas f uncertainty yu need t revisit.
The Feynman Technique is a great way fr kids and grwn-ups t learn. ____39____ Yu need t actively think abut the prblem instead f passively reading r listening t smene else. Hwever, with great effrts in mastering this methd, yu’ll see yur learning results imprve quicker than ever befre.
A. It is mentally demanding.
B. This helps the infrmatin stick in yur mind better.
C. Teach it t a five-year-ld, wh wuld give yu direct feedback.
D. Yur curisity abut it will determine the pace f yur learning.
E. Once yu have chsen a tpic, yu can teach it t smene else.
F. Active engagement plays a key rle in prmting deeper learning.
G. When this happens, refer back t the riginal material fr the missing pieces.
【答案】35. B 36. D 37. E 38. G 39. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了物理学家、诺贝尔奖得主理查德·费曼发明的被称为费曼技巧的一种聪明的学习方法。
【35题详解】
由上文“Physicist and Nbel Prize winner Richard Feynman develped a clever learning methd knwn as the Feynman Technique. It invlves explaining what yu're learning t thers. By teaching what yu’ve learned frm memry, yu engage in active recall. (物理学家、诺贝尔奖得主理查德·费曼发明了一种聪明的学习方法，被称为费曼技巧。它包括向别人解释你正在学习的东西。通过教授你从记忆中学到的东西，你参与了主动回忆。)”可知，本空要说跟“这种学习方法的好处”有关的话题，故B选项“This helps the infrmatin stick in yur mind better. (这有助于信息更好地留在你的脑海中。)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选B。
【36题详解】
由下文“The mre interested yu are, the faster yu’ll grasp it. Mrever, a persnally interesting tpic will keep yu mtivated and engaged. (你越感兴趣，就能越快地掌握它。此外，一个个人感兴趣的话题会让你保持动力和投入。)”可知，本空要说跟“感兴趣和学习的关系”有关的话题，故D选项“Yur curisity abut it will determine the pace f yur learning. (你对它的好奇心将决定你的学习进度。)”能引起下文，符合题意。故选D。
37题详解】
由下文“Write ntes and explain it in a way that makes sense t a five-year-ld. If yu’d rather avid actually teaching smene, yu can just teach it t an imaginary audience. But it wrks much better if yu use a real persn. They’ll be able t let yu knw when smething isn’t clear. (写笔记，用五岁小孩能理解的方式解释。如果你不想真的教别人，你可以把它交给一个想象中的听众。但如果你用真人的话效果会更好。如果有什么不清楚的地方，他们会让你知道。)”可知，本空要说跟“写笔记”有关的话题，故E选项“Once yu have chsen a tpic, yu can teach it t smene else. (一旦你选择了一个主题，你就可以把它教给其他人。)”能引起下文，符合题意。故选E。
【38题详解】
由上文“While teaching yu may discver gaps in yur understanding. (在教学过程中，你可能会发现自己理解上的差距。)”可知，本空要说跟“出现这种情况的解决办法”有关的话题，由后文“Review yur ntes, reread bks, r seek external help t ensure yu have a cmplete understanding f the cntext befre mving frward. (回顾你的笔记，重新阅读书籍，或者寻求外部帮助，以确保你在继续之前对上下文有一个完整的理解。)”可知，出现这种情况的解决办法是回顾笔记，故G选项“When this happens, refer back t the riginal material fr the missing pieces. (当这种情况发生时，请回到原始材料中查找缺失的部分。)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选G。
【39题详解】
由下文“Yu need t actively think abut the prblem instead f passively reading r listening t smene else. (你需要积极地思考问题，而不是被动地阅读或听别人说话。)”可知，积极地思考问题对精神要求很高，故A选项“It is mentally demanding. (这对精神要求很高。)”能引起下文，符合题意。故选A。
五. 回答问题：(共4 小题; 每小题3分，共12分)
阅读下面短文和问题，根据短文内容和每小题后的具体要求，在答题卡相应题号后的横线上写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答。
A Rubbish Cllectr's Wrk Is Never Dne
Brian Kane was a rubbish cllectr in Denver, Clrad. Eight hurs a day, five days a week, fifty weeks a year, he rde n the back f a garbage truck. At each stp, he wuld jg t the back f buildings, then drag heavy rubbish cans t the truck. Brian never cmplained.
Brian saw these hardships as pprtunities t becme strng and fit. His jb was a training grund fr his lifelng dream: t climb Munt Qmlangma. On his thirtieth birthday, Brian tk a leave frm his jb and flew t Nepal t begin the lng, difficult jurney up Munt Qmlangma.
Brian first climbed t a base camp. He planned t bring three xygen cntainers with him t the tp. At 29, 028 feet, it wuld be hard t survive withut extra xygen. Over the next tw mnths, Brian climbed t 26, 000 feet, t Camp Fur—the last place t rest belw the tp f the muntain. But when Brian saw this camp, he fell t his knees. “Rubbish!” he cried. Nearly a thusand empty xygen cntainers littered the camp area. Humans had turned this beautiful, far-away place int a big rubbish pile. Brian was very sad. But with a strng determinatin he cntinued t fllw his dream. Tw days later he std prudly n the tp f Munt Qmlangma. He had reached the “rf f the wrld!”
Tw days after this great achievement, Brian put a dzen empty xygen cntainers in his pack and headed dwn the muntain He smiled t himself as he realized that the wrk f a rubbish cllectr is great and never dne.
40. What was Brian Kane?(不多于三个单词)
41. What was Brian's lifelng dream?(不多于四个单词)
42. Hw did Brian feel when he saw the rubbish pile at Camp Fur?(不多于两个单词)
43. What d yu think f Brian Kane?(一个单词)
【答案】40. A rubbish cllectr.
41. T climb Munt Qmlangma.
42. Very sad.
43 Great/Brave/Kind/Hardwrking.
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了清洁工Brian Kane在他30岁生日那天，开始了攀登珠穆朗玛峰的漫长而艰难的旅程。他看到四号营地有很多垃圾非常悲伤，于是在登顶返回时把一打空氧气瓶放在背包里，朝山下走去。
【40题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第一段中“Brian Kane was a rubbish cllectr in Denver, Clrad.(Brian Kane是科罗拉多州丹佛市的一名清洁工)”可知，Brian Kane是一个清洁工。故答案为A rubbish cllectr.
【41题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第二段中“His jb was a training grund fr his lifelng dream: t climb Munt Qmlangma.(他的工作是他毕生梦想：攀登珠穆朗玛峰的训练场地)”可知，Brian的毕生梦想是攀登珠穆朗玛峰。故答案为T climb Munt Qmlangma.
【42题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第三段中“Over the next tw mnths, Brian climbed t 26, 000 feet, t Camp Fur—the last place t rest belw the tp f the muntain. But when Brian saw this camp, he fell t his knees. “Rubbish!” he cried. Nearly a thusand empty xygen cntainers littered the camp area. Humans had turned this beautiful, far-away place int a big rubbish pile. Brian was very sad.(在接下来的两个月里，Brian爬到了26000英尺的高度，到达了4号营地——山顶下最后一个休息的地方。但当布莱恩看到这个营地时，他跪倒在地。“垃圾! ”他喊道。将近一千个空氧气瓶散落在营地地区。人类把这个美丽而遥远的地方变成了一大堆垃圾。布莱恩很伤心)”可知，当Brian看到四号营地的垃圾堆时，他感到很悲伤。故答案为Very sad.
【43题详解】
本题为开放性题目，言之有理即可。题干：你觉得Brian Kane怎么样？可回答：很好/勇敢/友善/努力工作。故答案为Great/Brave/Kind/Hardwrking.
六. 书面表达(20分)
44. 假设你是红星中学的高二学生李华，你的英国笔友 David计划11月来北京旅行，请你推荐适合他游玩的公园。请给他回一封邮件。内容包括：
1. 推荐一个公园；
2. 推荐理由；
3. 游览建议。
注意：
(1)词数 100 左右(开头和结尾均已给出，不计入总词数)；
(2)可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear David,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear David,
I’m very glad t hear that yu’re planning t visit Beijing in Nvember. As yur friend, I’d like t recmmend a park that yu can’t miss - the Summer Palace.
The Summer Palace is ne f the mst famus imperial gardens in China and a Wrld Heritage Site. It has a lng histry and beautiful scenery.
When yu visit the park, I suggest yu start frm the East Gate, where yu can visit the Marble Bat, the Lng Crridr, and the Hall f Benevlence and Lngevity. Then, yu can walk alng the lake t the Suth Lake Island, where yu can enjy the beautiful scenery f the lake and the surrunding muntains.
I hpe my recmmendatins can help yu.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文写作中的推荐信。要求考生给英国笔友 David写封邮件，就其即将来北京旅行，推荐适合的公园。
【详解】1.词汇积累
想要：wuld like t → want t
著名的：famus→ well-knwn
建议：suggest → advise
希望：hpe→expect
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：The Summer Palace is ne f the mst famus imperial gardens in China and a Wrld Heritage Site. It has a lng histry and beautiful scenery.
拓展句：The Summer Palace, which has a lng histry and beautiful scenery, is ne f the mst famus imperial gardens in China and a Wrld Heritage Site.
【点睛】【高分句型1】When yu visit the park, I suggest yu start frm the East Gate, where yu can visit the Marble Bat, the Lng Crridr, and the Hall f Benevlence and Lngevity.（运用了when引导的时间状语从句和where引导的定语从句）
【高分句型2】Then, yu can walk alng the lake t the Suth Lake Island, where yu can enjy the beautiful scenery f the lake and the surrunding muntains.（运用了where引导的非限制性定语从句）