北京市海淀区2024-2025学年高三上学期10月考英语试卷 Word版含解析

这是一份北京市海淀区2024-2025学年高三上学期10月考英语试卷 Word版含解析，文件包含北京市海淀区2024-2025学年高三上学期10月考英语试卷Word版含解析docx、北京市海淀区2024-2025学年高三上学期10月考英语试卷Word版无答案docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共33页， 欢迎下载使用。

1. 本卷共8页，包括三个部分，满分为100分。练习时间90分钟。
2. 考生务必将答案答在答题纸上，在试卷上作答无效。
3. 考试结束后，将答题纸交回。
第一部分：知识运用 （共两节，30分）
第一节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
On a sunny afternn Anthny Perry stepped ff the train at Chicag’s 69th Street statin. The 20-year-ld, wh wrked nights in a grcery stre, was n his way t see his ____1____.
On the platfrm, smething unthinkable happened: a man fell ver the edge and nt the electrified train tracks! As Perry and ther hrrified passengers watched, he shk uncntrllably as the ____2____ mved thrugh his bdy.
“Help him!” smene cried. “Please, smene!”
Perry culdn’t just stand there and ____3____. He sat at the edge f the platfrm and eased himself dwn. ____4____ all rails between the man and him were electrified, he quickly leaped twards the victim, using a high-knee technique frm his high schl ftball days.
Perry sn reached dwn and grasped the victim’s wrist. ____5____, he felt a pwerful electric shck sht thrugh his bdy. Perry jumped back. He reached dwn a secnd time, and was shcked again. But the third time he seized the man’s wrist and frearm, and managed t mve the guy’s bdy away frm the ____6____.
“Give him chest cmpressins!” yelled an ld lady n the platfrm.
Perry was n expert, but fr a few mments he wrked n the man’s heart until the victim regained ____7____. Then, first-aiders arrived. Perry let the prfessinals ____8____. Heart still racing frm the electric shcks, he climbed back up nt the platfrm, grabbed his things and cntinued n t his grandfather’s.
The evening news reprted the incident, ____9____ an unnamed her with saving the victim’s life. T many, Perry’s ____10____ deeds demnstrated the pwer f chsing cmpassin ver persnal safety.
1. A. managerB. clientC. grandfatherD. aunt
2. A. currentB. xygenC. waveD. bld
3. A. imagineB. watchC. shutD. recrd
4. A. HpingB. AssumingC. CmplainingD. Recalling
5. A. InstantlyB. SlightlyC. NrmallyD. Surprisingly
6. A. trainB. crwdsC. platfrmD. rails
7. A. strengthB. balanceC. cnsciusnessD. cntrl
8. A. lk aheadB. take verC. get arundD. keep away
9. A. prvidingB. engagingC. assistingD. crediting
10. A. generusB. gratefulC. curageusD. faithful
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. B 4. B 5. A 6. D 7. C 8. B 9. D 10. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Anthny Perry在火车站不顾个人的安危，勇敢地拯救了跌落在铁轨上的受害者的英勇故事。
【1题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：20岁的佩里在一家杂货店上夜班，当时佩里正准备去看他的祖父。A. manager经理；B. client客户；C. grandfather祖父；D. aunt姑妈，伯母。根据后文“Heart still racing frm the electric shcks, he climbed back up nt the platfrm, grabbed his things and cntinued n t his grandfather’s.(电击后心脏还在加速跳动，他爬上平台，抓起东西，继续向祖父的房间走去。)”可知，佩里正准备去看他的祖父。故选C。
【2题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当佩里和其他惊恐的乘客看到时，电流流过他的身体，他无法控制地颤抖着。A. current气流；电流；B. xygen氧气；C. wave海浪；大海；D. bld血。根据上句“On the platfrm, smething unthinkable happened: a man fell ver the edge and nt the electrified train tracks! (在站台上，不可思议的事情发生了:一个人从站台边缘掉到电轨上了!)”可知，掉到电轨上，电流会流过他的身体。故选A。
【3题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：佩里不只是站在那里看着。A. imagine想象；B. watch看；C. shut呼喊；D. recrd记录。根据后句“He sat at the edge f the platfrm and eased himself dwn.(他坐在月台边上，慢慢地坐下来)”可知，他准备营救这个人，并不是站在那里看着。故选B。
【4题详解】
考动查词词义辨析。句意：他以为他和那人之间的铁轨都通电了，于是迅速向受害者扑去。A. Hping希望；B. Assuming假设，认为；C. Cmplaining抱怨；D. Recalling回忆。根据本句“he quickly leaped twards the victim(他迅速向受害者扑去)”可知，他认为自己和受害者之间的铁轨都通电了，所以他迅速向受害者扑去。故选B。
【5题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：他立刻感到一阵强烈的电击穿过他的身体。A. Instantly立刻地；B. Slightly轻微地；C. Nrmally通常，平常；D. Surprisingly 惊人地，出乎意料地。根据上句“____4____ all rails between the man and him were electrified, he quickly leaped twards the victim(他以为他和那人之间的铁轨都通电了，于是迅速向受害者扑去)”可知，他立刻感到一阵强烈的电流穿过他的身体。故选A。
【6题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但第三次，他抓住了那个人的手腕和前臂，并设法将他的身体从铁轨上移开。A. train火车；B. crwds人群；C. platfrm平台；D. rails铁路。根据上文“On the platfrm, smething unthinkable happened: a man fell ver the edge and nt the electrified train tracks!( 在站台上，不可思议的事情发生了：一个人从站台边缘掉到电轨上了!)”可知，受害者掉到了铁轨上，他将受害者的身体从铁轨上移开。故选D。
【7题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但他在那个人的心脏上按压了一会儿，直到受害者恢复了意识。A. strength体力；B. balance平衡；C. cnsciusness意识；D. cntrl控制，掌管。根据本句“he wrked n the man’s heart (他对受害者进行胸部按压)”可知，受害者失去了意识，所以进行胸部按压。故选C。
【8题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：佩里让专业人士接手。A. lk ahead向前看；B. take ver接管；C. get arund规避，逃避；D. keep away远离，避开。根据上句“Then, first-aiders arrived(随后，急救人员赶到了)”可知，急救人员赶到后，佩里他们接手。故选B。
【9题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：晚间新闻报道了这一事件，并称赞一位无名英雄挽救了受害者的生命。A. prviding提供；B. engaging参加；C. assisting帮助；D. crediting赞扬。根据本句“an unnamed her with saving the victim’s life(一位无名英雄挽救了受害者的生命)”可知，英勇救人的事迹是值得赞扬的，故选D。
【10题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对许多人来说，佩里的勇敢事迹表明了选择同情而非个人安全的力量。A. generus慷慨的；B. grateful感谢的，感激的；C. curageus勇敢的；D. faithful忠实的，忠诚的。根据上文“But the third time he seized the man’s wrist and frearm, and managed t mve the guy’s bdy away frm the ____6____.(但第三次，他抓住了那个人的手腕和前臂，并设法将他的身体从铁轨上移开。)”可知，佩里在火车站不顾个人的安危，勇敢地拯救了跌落在铁轨上的受害者。故选C。
第二节 （共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分）
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
I was nt riginally attracted t nature. Fr me, nature was assciated with the few minutes playing sccer in the ____11____(nice) cut grass. But in Michigan, nature presents itself in many frms such as sledding as fast as yu can dwn the hill r swimming in ne f the five great lakes. These experiences encuraged me ____12____(explre) ne f the raw frms f cnnecting with nature: camping. Althugh I ____13____(spend) a lt f time utside, I had never camped r experienced all f what nature ffers.
【答案】11 nicely
12. t explre
13. had spent
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是密歇根的大自然鼓励作者探索大自然的故事。
【11题详解】
考查副词。句意：对我来说，大自然就是在修剪整齐的草地上踢几分钟足球。空格处用副词nicely修饰动词cut，nicely意为“漂亮地”，故填nicely。
【12题详解】
考查不定式。句意：这些经历鼓励我去探索与自然联系的一种原始形式：露营。encurage sb. t d是固定短语，意为“鼓励某人做某事”，因此空格处用不定式t explre，故填t explre。
【13题详解】
考查时态。句意：虽然我花了很多时间在户外，但我从来没有露营过，也没有体验过大自然所提供的一切。由I had never camped r experienced可知，空格处表示过去的过去发生的事情，所以空格处时态是过去完成时，因此空格处是had spent。故填had spent。
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
In Ming Dynasty, a clever craftsman named Zhang Sijia revlutinized scissrs. He ____14____(cmbine) the strength f irn fr the handles with a unique swrd-making technique. ____15____ heating and hammering the edges with steel, he created blades that were exceptinally strng and sharp, ____16____(make) daily tasks easier. These scissrs became a kitchen essential, especially fr cutting thrugh tugh items like chicken r fish. In 1628, his sn, Zhang Xiaquan, established his namesake cmpany.
【答案】14. cmbined
15. By##Thrugh
16. making
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了明朝时期张思佳改良了剪刀。
【14题详解】
考查动词的时态。句意：他将铁制剑柄的优点与独特的制剑技术结合在一起。根据前句中的“In Ming Dynasty”和上下文时态可知，这里讲述的是过去的事情，应用一般过去时。故填cmbined。
【15题详解】
考查介词。句意：通过加热和用钢锤击边缘，他创造出了非常坚固和锋利的刀片，这使日常任务变得更容易。根据空后的“heating and hammering the edges with steel”可知，这里表示方式，应用介词by或者thrugh。置于句首，首字母大写。故填By/Thrugh。
【16题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意参考上题。分析句子结构，空处应用非谓语动词。根据句意，他创造出了非常坚固和锋利的刀片，这让人们更容易作日程工作，这里表示自然而然的结果，应用现在分词。故填making。
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Five Belgian firms plan t send a 3D ____17____(print) artificial heart t the Internatinal Space Statin by 2025 t better understand the effects f ageing and heart diseases in space. The device, which is nly a few square millimetres in size, ____18____(use) ink made up f stem cells and bimaterials that can develp int any cell in the bdy. These cells rganize themselves int a develping cardiac rganid(心脏类器官), ____19____ will wrk with the artificial circulatry system. The innvative technique wuld facilitate ____20____(investigate) int heart diseases and trials f sme ptential medicines.
【答案】17. printed
18. uses 19. which
20. investigatins
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了五家比利时公司计划将一颗3D打印的人造心脏送入太空。
【17题详解】
考查名词。句意：五家比利时公司计划在2025年前向国际空间站发射一颗3D打印的人造心脏，以更好地了解太空中衰老和心脏病的影响。print和空后的artificial heart之间是动宾关系，所以应用过去分词，作定语。故填printed。
【18题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：该设备只有几平方毫米大小，使用的墨水由干细胞和生物材料组成，可以发育成体内的任何细胞。根据上下文时态和句意可知，这里陈述的是现实情况，应用一般现在时。且主语The device为单数，所以谓语应用单数。故填uses。
【19题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：这些细胞将自己组织成一个发育中心脏类器官，它将与人工循环系统协同工作。分析句子结构，空处引导一个非限制性定语从句，指代先行词a develping cardiac rganid，指物，且在从句中作主语，所以应用which引导。故填which。
【20题详解】
考查名词。句意：这项创新技术将有助于对心脏病的调查和一些潜在药物的试验。空处应用名词，和and后的trials一起作宾语。investigatin意为“调查”，在这里为可数名词，且空前没有表示数量的限定词修饰，这里应用名词复数。故填investigatins。
第二部分 阅读理解 （共两节，38分）
第一节 （共11小题；每小题2分，共22分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Dear Teachers and Parents,
This June, during Financial Literacy Mnth, we have sme t share.
In 2015, a free nline financial educatin curse named FutureSmart was intrduced t middle schl students, specifically targeting this grup at a time in their lives when financial habits take hld and grw.
Fast frward t tday, FutureSmart, available in English and Spanish, has reached ver 13,000 schls acrss all 50 states. Mre than tw millin students have cmpleted the curse, with almst half cming frm lw-t-mderate incme families.
But we aren’t stpping there. We prmise t reach fur millin mre students by the end f 2025.
Why? Because this mment calls fr brave actin. Never befre have mney management and investment decisins been s easy t cnduct at any time r place thrugh the use f a smartphne. It is time t ffer students mre critical financial literacy educatin t encurage them t make gd financial decisins n a daily basis as they make their way thrugh a cmplex wrld.
Frm weighing pprtunity csts t delaying instant satisfactin fr lng-term financial gain, FutureSmart educates ur yuth using hands-n simulatins (模拟) t intrduce cncepts like daily financial decisins and the rewards f lng-term planning. Teaching yung learners hw t build slid financial fundatins is an imprtant step in building financially healthy cmmunities.
Althugh ur wrk is far frm cmplete, we knw that FutureSmart wrks. And it wrks exceptinally well.
In the largest study f its kind, supprted by the MassMutual Fundatin and EVERFI, the University f Massachusetts Dnahue Institute (UMDI) recently cncluded that 90% f students saw a statistically significant and educatinally meaningful increase in knwledge after taking the FutureSmart curse.
What’s mre, these results were cnsistent acrss all student demgraphics including race, age, gender, schl year, and sciecnmic status.
We have a lng way t g t reach every single middle schl student, but we welcme the challenge. Tgether, ur teams have started a mvement t prvide equal access t financial educatin, and we invite thers t jin us.
Visit getfuturesmart. cm t learn mre and see hw yu can bring FutureSmart t the yung peple in yur life.
MICHAEL FANNING RAY MARTINEZ
Head f MassMutual US President and C-Funder f EVERFI
21. The curse FutureSmart .
A. is ffered in tw different languages
B. requires skillful smartphne peratin
C. has been bught by a large number f schls
D. targets students frm lw-t-mderate incme families
22. Hw des FutureSmart intrduce financial cncepts?
A. By establishing financially healthy cmmunities.
B. By managing pprtunities and rewards.
C. By simulating real-life situatins.
D. By delaying financial gain.
23. After taking the curse, the students shuld be able t .
A. imprve their academic perfrmance
B. accept financial challenges at any time
C. understand peple frm varius backgrunds
D. build a stable financial fundatin fr the future
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。一门名为FutureSmart的免费在线金融教育课程被介绍给了中学生，该课程专门针对这一群体，旨在教年轻人如何建立坚实的财务基础。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段首句“Fast frward t tday, FutureSmart, available in English and Spanish, has reached ver 13,000 schls acrss all 50 states. (快进到今天，FutureSmart有英语和西班牙语版本，已经覆盖了美国50个州的13000多所学校。)”可知，FutureSmart课程以两种不同的语言提供。故选A。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据第六段首句“Frm weighing pprtunity csts t delaying instant satisfactin fr lng-term financial gain, FutureSmart educates ur yuth using hands-n simulatins (模拟) t intrduce cncepts like daily financial decisins and the rewards f lng-term planning. (从权衡机会成本到为了长期财务收益而推迟即时满足，FutureSmart通过实际模拟教育我们的年轻人，介绍日常财务决策和长期规划奖励等概念。)”可知，FutureSmart通过模拟现实情况引入金融概念。故选C。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据第六段末句“Teaching yung learners hw t build slid financial fundatins is an imprtant step in building financially healthy cmmunities. (教年轻人如何建立坚实的财务基础是建立财务健康社区的重要一步。)”以及第七段“Althugh ur wrk is far frm cmplete, we knw that FutureSmart wrks. And it wrks exceptinally well. (虽然我们的工作还远未完成，但我们知道FutureSmart是可行的。而且效果非常好。)”可知，FutureSmart课程是为了教年轻人如何建立坚实的财务基础，且效果非常好。所以，学习完课程后，学生应该能够为未来建立一个稳定的财务基础。故选D。
B
A few days ag, my husband, Russ, and I lst ur huse f 28 years t a Califrnia wild fire.
On that night, we had t leave ur huse and sleep in the back seat f ur Frd. The next mrning, we had t drive three and a half hurs t find a htel that had an available rm. Only later, in the lcal newspaper, did we see phtgraphs f the destructin. Our huse had been cnsumed by the fire alng with mst f ur neighbrhd.
Hw are we ging t rebuild after this? I thught, runding a crner in the sidewalk n my walk back t the htel. Is it even pssible?
I nticed smething up ahead — a pair f nickels, shining like precius jewels. They were just nickels, but they smehw felt special. I bent dwn and picked them up. If these were lucky cins, I culd use all the luck I culd get.
A few days later, I made a trip t the stre t buy essentials. The enrmus task f replacing everything we’d lst put a heavy weight n me. I was abut t leave when I felt the urge t stp and turn my head t the right. I culd hardly believe it — there n a shelf, was a nickel! Okay, maybe this is mre than luck, I thught and put the nickel in my pcket.
I tld myself that I had fund the nickels just by chance. Then I fund ne next t my plate at a restaurant — n Thanksgiving, n less, when I was missing ur huse mre than ever. It seemed that a nickel appeared whenever my spirits plummeted.
Whenever I reached my breaking pint, I’d find anther nickel. In the grass at the park, r near the tire f my car in a parking lt. Once, my change fr a quick lunch was given entirely in nickels. “I’m srry,” the cashier said. “It’s all we have.”
It’s all I needed!
One day, I was sitting at the desk when my phne rang. It was a real-estate agent I’d been wrking with.
“I have a new listing,” she said.
“When can we see it?” A few hurs later Russ and I were fllwing the agent dwn the driveway tward the huse. I didn’t think lng. Because there, in the driveway, …
24. After the wild fire, the cuple ________.
A. lived in their car fr ne night
B. tk sme phts f the destructin
C. culd hardly affrd their Thanksgiving dinner
D. saved precius items frm the burned dwn huse
25. What did the fund nickels mean t the authr?
A. Luck fr the freseeable future.B. Hpe during challenging times.
C. Signs f a huge frtune t cme.D. Reminders f what had happened.
26. Which wuld be the best ending fr the passage?
A. I sptted a flash f silver in the sun, tw nickels, bth heads up.
B. I fund an ld nickel, which seemed t tell a stry frm the past.
C. I saw a mysterius lcked bx, and thught perhaps it was full f nickels.
D. I lked up and imagined smething n a clud, a giant nickel, just fr me.
【答案】24. A 25. B 26. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者住了28年的房子被大火摧毁，住在外面的酒店。偶然捡到2枚镍币，后来作者发现每当作者情绪低落的时候就会出现镍币的故事。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“On that night, we had t leave ur huse and sleep in the back seat f ur Frd. (那天晚上，我们不得不离开家，睡在我们的福特汽车后座上。)”可知野火过后，这对夫妇在他们的车里住了一夜，故选A。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“I nticed smething up ahead - a pair f nickels, shining like precius jewels. They were just nickels, but they smehw felt special. I bent dwn and picked them up. If these were lucky cins, I culd use all the luck I culd get. (我注意到前面有什么东西——一对五分镍币，像珍贵的珠宝一样闪闪发光。它们只是五分硬币，但不知何故，它们让人感觉很特别。我弯下腰把它们捡起来。如果这些是幸运硬币，我可以用我能得到的所有运气。)”以及第六段“It seemed that a nickel appeared whenever my spirits plummeted. (似乎每当我情绪低落时，就会出现一枚镍币。)”可推知发现镍币对作者来说意味着困难时期的希望。故选B。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据第六段“It seemed that a nickel appeared whenever my spirits plummeted. (似乎每当我情绪低落时，就会出现一枚镍币。)”可知作者总是在心情低落时捡到你镍币，所以同样在车道上，阳光下又看到了硬币，并且也呼应第四段“I nticed smething up ahead - a pair f nickels, shining like precius jewels. (我注意到前面有什么东西——一对五分镍币，像珍贵的珠宝一样闪闪发光。)”所以A选项是文章最好的结尾，故选A。
C
The streets and rfs f cities all absrb heat, making sme urban areas htter than rural nes. These “urban heat islands” can als develp undergrund as city heat spreads dwnward, and subway tracks and ther subsurface infrastructure(基础设施) als cnstantly radiate warmth int the surrunding earth.
A new study f dwntwn Chicag shws undergrund htspts may threaten the very same structures that give ff the heat in the first place. “Withut anyne realizing it, the city f Chicag’s dwntwn was defrming,” says study authr Rtta Lria, an envirnmental engineer.
Humans aren’t the nly ptentially affected. “Fr a lt f things in the subsurface, it’s kind f ‘ut f sight, ut f mind’,” says Grant Fergusn, a gelgist. But the undergrund wrld is full f creatures that have adapted t subsurface existence such as insects and snails. As the temperature rises because f climate change and undergrund urban develpment, scientists are keeping eyes n the ptential implicatins fr undergrund ecsystems.
But the questin f hw undergrund htspts culd affect infrastructure has gne largely unstudied. Because materials expand and cntract with temperature change, Rtta suspected that heat cming frm undergrund culd be cntributing t wear and tear n varius structures. T understand hw undergrund temperature difference has affected the grund’s physical prperties, he used a cmputer mdel t simulate(模拟) the undergrund envirnment frm the 1950s t nw—and then t 2050. He fund that by the middle f this century, sme areas may lift upward by as much as 0.50 inch r settle by as much as 0.32 inch, depending n the sil makeup f the area invlved. Thugh these may sund like small displacements, Rtta says they culd cause cracks in the fundatins f sme buildings, causing buildings t fall.
Kathrin Menberg, a gescientist in Germany, says these displacement predictins are far beynd her guesses and culd be linked t the sft, clay-heavy sils. “Clay material is particularly sensitive,” she says, “It wuld be a big issue in all cities wrldwide that are built n such material.”
Like climate change abve the surface, undergrund changes ccur gradually. “These effects tk decades t develp,” Fergusn says, adding that increased undergrund temperatures wuld likewise take a lng time t dissipate n their wn. “We culd basically turn everything ff, and it’s ging t remain there, the temperature signal, fr quite a while.”
But Fergusn says this wasted heat energy culd als be reused, presenting an pprtunity t bth cl the subsurface and save n energy csts. Still, this assumptin culd fail as abvegrund climate change cntinues t bst undergrund warming. Hwever slwly, this heat will gather beneath ur feet. “It’s like climate change,” Rtta Lria says. “Maybe we dn’t see it always, but it’s happening.”
27. The authr qutes Rtta Lria in Paragraph 2 mainly t _______.
A. make a predictinB. highlight a finding
C. draw a cnclusinD. raise an assumptin
28. What can we learn frm this passage?
A. “Urban heat islands” extend undergrund t spare ecsystems.
B. Surface climate change cntributes t the reuse f undergrund heat.
C. Undergrund temperatures mirrr the grund’s physical characteristics.
D. Buildings may cllapse as a ptential cnsequence f undergrund heat.
29. What des the underlined wrd “dissipate” in Paragraph 6 prbably mean?
A. Shw.B. Stay.C. Develp.D. Disappear.
30. What des the authr intend t tell us?
A. Undergrund climate change is a silent danger.
B. Humans fail t ntice the dramatic climate change.
C. Cling the subsurface helps cntrl urban heat rises.
D. Researching undergrund heat helps save n energy csts.
【答案】27. B 28. D 29. D 30. A
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了城市的热量正在向地下传播，这会影响到一些地面建筑材料，且这种变化是不易察觉的，是一种无声的危险。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“The streets and rfs f cities all absrb heat, making sme urban areas htter than rural nes. These “urban heat islands” can als develp undergrund as city heat spreads dwnward, and subway tracks and ther subsurface infrastructure(基础设施) als cnstantly radiate warmth int the surrunding earth.(城市的街道和屋顶都会吸收热量，这使得一些城市地区比农村地区更热。随着城市热量向下传播，这些“城市热岛”也会在地下发展，地铁轨道和其他地下基础设施也会不断向周围的地球辐射热量)”说明城市热量在向地下发展，第二段““Withut anyne realizing it, the city f Chicag’s dwntwn was defrming,” says study authr Rtta Lria, an envirnmental engineer.(“在没有人意识到的情况下，芝加哥市中心正在变形，”研究报告的作者、环境工程师罗塔·洛里亚说)”引用Rtta Lria的话突出了这一发现。故选B。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Because materials expand and cntract with temperature change, Rtta suspected that heat cming frm undergrund culd be cntributing t wear and tear n varius structures.(由于材料会随着温度的变化而膨胀和收缩，罗塔怀疑来自地下的热量可能会导致各种结构的磨损)”及“He fund that by the middle f this century, sme areas may lift upward by as much as 0.50 inch r settle by as much as 0.32 inch, depending n the sil makeup f the area invlved. Thugh these may sund like small displacements, Rtta says they culd cause cracks in the fundatins f sme buildings, causing buildings t fall.(他发现，到本世纪中叶，一些地区可能会向上抬升0.50英寸或下沉0.32英寸，这取决于该地区的土壤构成。虽然这些听起来像是很小的位移，但罗塔说，它们可能会导致一些建筑物的地基出现裂缝，导致建筑物倒塌)”可知，地下热量的潜在后果是建筑物可能倒塌。故选D。
【29题详解】
词义猜测题。根据划线词前文“adding that increased undergrund temperatures wuld likewise take a lng time t(他补充说，地下温度的升高同样需要很长时间才能)”及后文“We culd basically turn everything ff, and it’s ging t remain there, the temperature signal, fr quite a while.(我们基本上可以把所有的东西都关掉，温度信号会在那里停留很长一段时间)”可推知，关掉开关，也不会导致地下温度升高立即消失，因此，地下温度升高需要很长时间才能消失，划线词与disappear意思一致。故选D。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“The streets and rfs f cities all absrb heat, making sme urban areas htter than rural nes. These “urban heat islands” can als develp undergrund as city heat spreads dwnward, and subway tracks and ther subsurface infrastructure(基础设施) als cnstantly radiate warmth int the surrunding earth.(城市的街道和屋顶都会吸收热量，这使得一些城市地区比农村地区更热。随着城市热量向下传播，这些“城市热岛”也会在地下发展，地铁轨道和其他地下基础设施也会不断向周围的地球辐射热量)”及第二段“A new study f dwntwn Chicag shws undergrund htspts may threaten the very same structures that give ff the heat in the first place.(一项针对芝加哥市中心的新研究表明，地下热点可能会威胁到最初散发热量的相同结构)”结合最后一段““It’s like climate change,” Rtta Lria says. “Maybe we dn’t see it always, but it’s happening.”(“这就像气候变化，”罗塔·洛里亚说。“也许我们并不总是看到这种情况，但它正在发生。”)”可知，本文介绍了城市的热量正在向地下传播，这会影响到一些地面建筑材料，且这种变化是不易察觉的，因此，作者想要告诉我们“地下气候变化是一种无声的危险”。故选A。
D
Climate experts are having a debate: they are asking whether the UK shuld fcus mre n adapting t climate change r trying t prevent it.
David Frst hlds that preventing climate change is n lnger an ptin, given the extent t which the Earth nw appears certain t heat up. Despite the many plicies which attempt t stp climate change, it nw seems unavidable that the wrld will pass the 1.5℃ r 2℃ increases in average glbal temperature that are likely t induce large changes in the climate.
David Frst is right in that ur ecnmies are grwing s much slwer than we had anticipated. Our emissins can drp if we reduce emissins per unit f GDP we create—but they can als drp if the GDP is lwer. Lwer grwth means it is mre feasible (可行的) fr us t achieve targets such as Net Zer, but it als makes it less envirnmentally urgent t achieve thse targets s sn, because we are and have been emitting a lt less carbn than we had anticipated.
The UK authrity finds the debate abut adaptatin difficult. Partly, it is because sme activists claim that adaptatin is nt feasible. They say that climate change will end human civilizatin, ptentially leading t the entire extinctin f the human race.
Hwever, the mainstream view f many scientists and ecnmists, wh wrk n climate change, is that glbal warming culd lead t large changes in ur envirnment. Significant parts f the wrld currently heavily ppulated culd becme effectively uninhabitable while ther parts currently unsuitable fr high-density human habitatin wuld becme mre habitable. Meanwhile, at higher temperatures bth climate and weather are likely t becme mre vlatile—including increased frequency f strms, flding and ther weather events.
These wuld be significant changes, but it wuld be perfectly feasible fr humans t adapt t them. The issue is nt whether adapting wuld be technically feasible, but whether it wuld be desirable either in ethical r practical terms. Are we willing t accept a materially warmer wrld, with humans living in different parts f it? Are we willing t accept the pssible extinctins f certain species and the greater flurishing f thse currently less successful and f new species yet t evlve? Are we willing t accept the cnsequences f a large shift in the patterns f human habitatin acrss the wrld?
It is by n means clear n what basis we ught t ethnically privilege the plants and animals that flurish under tday’s climate ver thse that wuld flurish under a warmer, mre vlatile climate. Hwever, adaptatin will be feasible and is a necessity given the extent t which warming is nw unavidable. Slwer GDP grwth and thus slwer climate change ught t make greater effrts at adaptatin mre attractive.
31. Accrding t the passage, wh hesitate(s) t adapt t the climate change?
A. The gvernment.B. Climate experts.
C. David Frst.D. The activists.
32. The underlined wrd “vlatile” in Paragraph 5 prbably means ________.
A. changeableB. predictableC. bearableD. nticeable
33. The questins in Paragraph 6 are mainly aimed at __________.
A. expressing dubts abut peple’s adaptability
B. presenting examples f future climate patterns
C. highlighting the cnsequences f human activities
D. helping peple decide n their penness t adaptatin
34. Which f the fllwing might the authr agree with?
A. Slwing climate change deserves great effrts.
B. Glbal warming is preventable t sme extent.
C. Adaptatin t climate change is beynd questin.
D. Prtectin f the current species shuld be priritized.
【答案】31. A 32. A 33. D 34. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要讲述了目前关于如何应对气候变化有两种不同观点——适应气候变化或者阻止气候变化，但作者认为适应气候变化是可行的和必要的。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据2段的“David Frst hlds that preventing climate change is n lnger an ptin, given the extent t which the Earth nw appears certain t heat up.(大卫·弗罗斯特(David Frst)认为，考虑到地球现在似乎肯定会变暖的程度，阻止气候变化不再是一种选择。) ”可以判断Frst是支持适应气候变化的，根据第4段“The UK authrity finds the debate abut adaptatin difficult. Partly, it is because sme activists claim that adaptatin is nt feasible. They say that climate change will end human civilizatin, ptentially leading t the entire extinctin f the human race.(英国当局发现，有关适应气候变化的辩论很困难。部分原因是一些活动人士声称适应气候变化是不可行的。他们说，气候变化将终结人类文明，有可能导致整个人类灭绝。)”可知英国当局对关于适应论的争论犯了难，即不知道该支持哪边，对是否去适应气候变化存疑。故选A。
【32题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第五段破折号后的“including increased frequency f strms, flding and ther weather events(包括暴风雨、洪水和其他天气事件的频率增加)”可知，风暴、洪水和其他天气事件发生的频率增加，由此可推测出，气候和天气可能变得更加多变。vlatile意为“易变的”，与changeable意思最接近。故选A。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据第六段中的“The issue is nt whether adapting wuld be technically feasible, but whether it wuld be desirable either in ethical r practical terms.(问题不在于适应在技术上是否可行，而在于从道德或实践角度来看是否可取。)”可知，从技术上来说适应气候变化是可行的，但问题是从道德或实践角度来看适应气候变化是否可取。接下来“Are we willing t accept a materially warmer wrld, with humans living in different parts f it? Are we willing t accept the pssible extinctins f certain species and the greater flurishing f thse currently less successful and f new species yet t evlve? Are we willing t accept the cnsequences f a large shift in the patterns f human habitatin acrss the wrld?(我们是否愿意接受一个实质上更温暖的世界，人类生活在这个世界的不同地方？我们是否愿意接受某些物种可能灭绝，以及那些目前不太成功的物种和尚未进化的新物种更加繁荣？我们是否愿意接受世界各地人类居住模式发生重大转变的后果？)”用提问的方式引发人们思考是否能接受气候变化带来的影响。由此可推测出，这些问题旨在帮助人们确定自己对适应的接受性。故选D。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Hwever, adaptatin will be feasible and is a necessity given the extent t which warming is nw unavidable.(然而，考虑到气候变暖目前不可避免的程度，适应将是可行的，也是必要的。)”可知，作者认为气候变暖是不可避免的，所以适应是可行的和必要的，由此可推测出，作者认为适应气候变化是毋庸置疑的。故选C。
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容， 从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项， 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Adults are ften embarrassed abut asking fr aid. It’s an act that can make peple feel emtinally unsafe.____35____Seeking assistance can feel like yu are bradcasting yur incmpetence.
New research suggests yung children dn’t seek help in schl, even when they need it, fr the same reasn. Until recently, psychlgists assumed that children did nt start t care abut their reputatin and their friends’ thughts abut them until arund age nine.
But ur research suggests that as early as age seven, children begin t cnnect asking fr help with lking incmpetent in frnt f thers. At sme pint, every child struggles in the classrm.____36____
T learn mre abut hw children think abut reputatin, we created simple stries and then asked children questins abut these situatins t allw kids t shwcase their thinking.
Acrss several studies, we asked 576 children, ages fur t nine, t predict the behavir f tw kids in a stry. One f the characters genuinely wanted t be smart, and the ther merely wanted t seem smart t thers. In ne study, we tld children that bth kids did prly n a test.____37____The fur-year-lds were equally likely t chse either f the tw kids as the ne wh wuld seek help. But by age seven r eight, children thught that the kid wh wanted t seem smart wuld be less likely t ask fr assistance. And children’s expectatins were truly “reputatinal” in nature-they were specifically thinking abut hw the characters wuld act in frnt f thers. When assistance culd be sught privately (n a cmputer rather than in persn), children thught bth characters were equally likely t ask fr it.
____38____Teachers culd give children mre pprtunities t seek assistance privately. They shuld als help students realize asking questins in frnt f thers as nrmal, psitive behavir. ____39____Parents culd pint ut hw a child’s questin kicked ff a valuable cnversatin in which the entire family gt t talk and learn tgether. Adults culd praise kids fr seeking assistance. These respnses send a strng signal that ther peple value a willingness t ask fr aid and that seeking help is part f a path t success.
A. Kids culd be afraid t ask their parents fr help.
B. Seeking help culd even be taught as scially desirable.
C. In anther study we tld them that nly ne kid did prly.
D. Such reputatinal barriers likely require reputatin-based slutins.
E. The mment yu ask fr directins after all, yu reveal that yu are lst.
F. But if they are afraid t ask fr help because their classmates are watching, learning will suffer.
G. We then asked which f these characters wuld be mre likely t raise their hand in frnt f their class t ask the teacher fr help.
【答案】35. E 36. F 37. G 38. D 39. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。给读者提供建议，如何解决孩子因为害怕在他人面前呈现自己的无能而不愿提问寻求帮助这一问题。
【35题详解】
上文“Adults are ften embarrassed abut asking fr aid. It’s an act that can make peple feel emtinally unsafe. (成年人在寻求援助时常常感到尴尬。这是一种会让人们感到情绪不安全的行为。)”指出，成年人不愿意寻求帮助，是因为会让他们感到情绪不安全。下文“Seeking assistance can feel like yu are bradcasting yur incmpetence. (寻求帮助可能会让人觉得你在散播自己的无能。)”指出，寻求帮助会让人觉得你无能。选项E“The mment yu ask fr directins, after all, yu reveal that yu are lst. (毕竟，当你问路的那一刻，你就表明你迷路了。)”延续上文，以问路表明自己的迷路这一例子呈现出为什么会让人感到情绪不安全，也呈现出下文所说的表明了“你”的无能，故符合语境。故选E项。
【36题详解】
上文“But ur research suggests that as early as age seven, children begin t cnnect asking fr help with lking incmpetent in frnt f thers. At sme pint, every child struggles in the classrm. (但我们的研究表明，早在七岁时，孩子们就开始将寻求帮助与在他人面前看起来无能联系起来。在某些时候，每个孩子都在教室里挣扎。)”指出，孩童也会讲寻求帮助和让他人觉得自己无能联系起来。选项F“But if they are afraid t ask fr help because their classmates are watching, learning will suffer. (但是，如果他们因为同学在看而不敢寻求帮助，学习就会受到影响。)”进一步指出，如果孩子因为害怕呈现出自己的无能而不寻求帮助，这会带来不良影响。故选F项。
【37题详解】
上文“In ne study, we tld children that bth kids did prly n a test. (在一项研究中，我们告诉孩子们，两个孩子在测试中都表现不佳。)”指出，在一个研究中，参与者得知了有两个孩子在测试中表现不佳这一情况。选项G“We then asked which f these characters wuld be mre likely t raise their hand in frnt f their class t ask the teacher fr help. (然后，我们问这些角色中哪一个更有可能在课堂前举手向老师寻求帮助。)”延续上文，继续指出这个研究的下一个动作为：判断这两个孩子谁更有可能寻求老实的帮助。故选G项。
【38题详解】
下文“Teachers culd give children mre pprtunities t seek assistance privately. (教师可以给孩子们更多的机会私下寻求帮助。)”指出，教师应该多私下提供机会帮助孩子们。选项D“Such reputatinal barriers likely require reputatin-based slutins. (此类声誉障碍可能需要基于声誉的解决方案。)”指出，这类问题的解决需要一些特定的方案，下文是对这一表述的具体建议之一，故此句符合该语境要求。故选D项。
【39题详解】
上文“They shuld als help students realize asking questins in frnt f thers as nrmal, psitive behavir. (他们还应该帮助学生认识到在别人面前提问是一种正常的、积极的行为。)”指出，要教育学生认识到在他人面前提问是正常的行为。选项B“Seeking help culd even be taught as scially desirable. (寻求帮助甚至可以被认为是社会所需要的。)”指出寻求帮助是这会所需要的，这进一步佐证上文观点，让“在他人面前提问是正常积极的行为”这一观点根据可信度，符合语境。故选B项。
第三部分：书面表达 （共两节，32分）
第一节 （共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
The ther day I was having cffee and catching up with Brian, a friend I hadn’t seen in ver a year, when he asked me this questin: “D yu regret leaving Ggle?” “Of curse, I dn’t regret it,” I answered. But when I reflected mre deeply n his questin, I arrived at this realizatin: We cannt regret smething that has taught us valuable lessns in life.
Truth is, nt every decisin we make will be the right chice fr us. I learned later that quitting my ne and nly surce f incme t start an e-cmmerce business frm nthing was a recipe fr financial disaster. N, that decisin was nt the right ne at the time. Perhaps I shuld’ve fllwed the advice I give tday: Build yur business while wrking a full-time jb s that yu can wrk frm a place f stability. But then again, I wuldn’t have learned such a valuable lessn had I nt acted upn what was truly imprtant t me at the time—the freedm f pursuing my wn dream, n my wn terms.
We regret what’s in the past and can’t be changed. We cmpare the chices we made yesterday t an ideal path that we think we shuld have taken—we simply imagine it t be a better path. What is wrse is when stuck in regret, we lse ur cntrl ver what matters mst: What we d with ur time, tday.
There’s a much better way t lk at regret—a mre mindful way—and it can be seen at a place where actin, reflectin, and gratitude meet.
S whenever yu find yurself caught in regret, stp and ask yurself these tw questins: “What have I learned frm this? And hw have I grwn because f it?” Perhaps yu might just shift yur viewpint frm that f being upset and regretful t being appreciative and grateful.
40. What did Brian’s questin make the writer realize?
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41. List the tw wrds the authr uses t describe the viewpint peple shuld take when facing regret.
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42. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
When peple get stuck in regret, what makes the situatin wrse is that past chices can’t be changed.
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43. What has been yur biggest regret during yur high schl life? What have yu learned frm this? (In abut 40 wrds)
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【答案】40. Brian’s questin makes the writer realize that we cannt regret smething that has taught us valuable lessns in life.
41. Appreciative and grateful
42. When peple get stuck in regret, what makes the situatin wrse is that past chices can’t be changed.
Reasn: When peple get stuck in regret, what makes the situatin wrse is that we lse ur cntrl ver what matters mst: What we d with ur time, tday.
43. The biggest regret during my high schl life is that I did nt study hard and treasure the valuable time and culd nt be admitted t my ideal university. I realized the prblem in my cllege, s I wrked hard n my majr and have made sme achievements in my majr finally. S I accept my regret and learn smething frm it and cnsider the regret as a valuable experience.
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文通过作者的自身经历表达了我们不应该为所做的决定后悔和遗憾，应从沮丧和遗憾转变为感激和感激。
【40题详解】
考查细节理解。根据文章第一段“But when I reflected mre deeply n his questin, I arrived at this realizatin: We cannt regret smething that has taught us valuable lessns in life. (但当我更深入地思考他的问题时，我意识到：我们不能后悔那些在生活中教会了我们宝贵教训的事情。)”可知，朋友的问题使我意识到我们不能后悔那些在生活中教会了我们宝贵教训的事情。故答案为Brian’s questin make the writer realize that we cannt regret smething that has taught us valuable lessns in life。
【41题详解】
考查细节理解。根据文章最后一句“S whenever yu find yurself caught in regret, stp and ask yurself these tw questins: “What have I learned frm this? And hw have I grwn because f it?” Perhaps yu might just shift yur viewpint frm that f being upset and regretful t being appreciative and grateful. ( 所以，当你发现自己陷入后悔之中时，停下来问问自己这两个问题：“我从这件事中学到了什么？我是如何因此而成长的呢？”也许你可以把你的观点从沮丧和遗憾转变为感激和感激。)”可知作者用来描述人们在面对后悔时应该采取的观点的两个词是appreciative和grateful。故答案为Appreciative and grateful。
【42题详解】
考查细节理解。根据文章第三段“What is wrse is when stuck in regret, we lse ur cntrl ver what matters mst: What we d with ur time, tday.(更糟糕的是，当陷入后悔之中时，我们会失去对最重要的事情的控制：我们今天如何利用我们的时间。) ”可知“When peple get stuck in regret, what makes the situatin wrse is that past chices can’t be changed. (当人们陷入悔恨时，更糟糕的是过去的选择无法改变。)”这句话是错误的，当人们陷入悔恨时，更糟糕的不是过去的选择无法改变。而是我们会失去对最重要的事情的控制：我们今天如何利用我们的时间。故答案为When peple get stuck in regret, what makes the situatin wrse is that past chices can’t be changed. Reasn: When peple get stuck in regret, what makes the situatin wrse is that we lse ur cntrl ver what matters mst: What we d with ur time, tday.
【43题详解】
开放性试题，言之有理即可。这篇文章表达了我们不应该为所做的决定后悔和遗憾，应从沮丧和遗憾转变为感激和感激。我们人生当中都有后悔的事情，关键是我们面对后悔和遗憾的态度。故答案可为The biggest regret during my high schl life is that I did nt study hard and treasure the valuable time and culd nt be admitted t my ideal university. I realized the prblem in my cllege, s I wrked hard n my majr and have made sme achievements in my majr finally. S I accept my regret and learn smething frm it and cnsider the regret as a valuable experience.
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国朋友Jim在给你的邮件中提到中国运动员闪耀巴黎奥运会，并请你介绍此届奥运会上你最喜欢的一名运动员。请你给Jim回信，内容包括：
1. 简要介绍该运动员；
2. 该运动员对你的影响。
注意：（1) 词数100左右；（2) 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jim,
I am delighted t receive yur letter and wuld like t intrduce my favrite athlete f the Paris Olympics, Pan Zhanle. Pan Zhanle, wh is nly 20 years ld this year, is the wrld and Olympic recrd hlder fr men’s 100m freestyle and 4×100m medley relay at the 2024 Paris Olympics. Pan Zhanle has becme the “fastest swimmer in the wrld” at such a yung age.
Pan Zhanle’s impressive achievements tell me that “a strng yuth leads t a strng natin”. I am determined t learn frm him. Wrking hard t master knwledge and strengthening my bdy are my primary tasks at present. Starting frm achieving a small gal, I will gradually realize my aspiratins.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国朋友Jim写封回信，向他介绍此届奥运会上最喜欢的一名运动员，以及该运动员对自己的影响。
【详解】1.词汇积累
收到某人的来信：receive ne’s letter→hear frm sb.
乐意做某事：wuld like t d→be willing t
下决心做某事：be determined t d→make up ne’s mind t d
志向/愿望：aspiratins→dreams/ambitins
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Starting frm achieving a small gal, I will gradually realize my aspiratins.
拓展句：If I started frm achieving a small gal, I will gradually realize my aspiratins.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Pan Zhanle, wh is nly 20 years ld this year, is the wrld and Olympic recrd hlder fr men’s 100m freestyle and 4×100m medley relay at the 2024 Paris Olympics.（运用了wh引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】Pan Zhanle’s impressive achievements tell me that “a strng yuth leads t a strng natin”.（运用了that引导宾语从句）